Unit3 Could you please clean your room？同步导学精炼（知识与语法汇总）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
八下Unit3
Could
you
please
clean
your
room？
重点短语和表达
Section
A
1.Peter,could
you
please
take
out
the
rubbish?
彼得,请你把垃圾倒掉好吗？
（1）“Could
you
please…?”表示“请你…
…好吗?”，后接动词原形,否定形式在动词原形前加
not。其中
could表示委婉语气，不表示过去时态。
其答语如下：
肯定回答，如
Yes,sure./Sure./Certainly.
/OK.
/No
problem.等;
否定回答，如
Sorry,I
can't
/Sorry,I'm
afraid
not.
Because…等。
例：—Could
you
please
pass
me
the
spoon?
请你把勺子递给我好吗?
—Sure.
Here
you
are.当然可以，给你。
Could
you
please
not
play
omputer
games?请你不要玩电脑游戏了好吗?
（2）take
out表示"取出;拿出"，是"动词+副词"构成的短语。当宾语是名词时，置于out
前后均可;当宾语是代词时,只能放在
take和out之间。
例：Please
take
a
pen
and
paper
out.=Please
take
out
a
pen
and
paper.请把钢笔和纸拿出来。
The
new
book
is
in
the
box.
Please
take
it
out.那本新书在箱子里，请把它拿出来。
2.sweep
the
floor
扫地
sweep动词，意为“扫；打扫”，一般指用刷子、扫帚等把表面的灰尘、污物清除。其过去式为swept。
例：I
swept
the
floor
yesterday
morning.我昨天早晨扫地了。
When
I
came
in,she
was
sweeping
the
floor.当我进来时，她正在扫地。
3.Ⅰ
think
two
hours
of
TV
is
enough
for
you!我认为看两个小时的电视对你来说足够了!
（1）这是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。主句是I
think,其后为宾语从句,省略了引导词that。
例：I
think（that）it
will
rain
tomorrow.我认为明天会下雨。
two
hours
of
TV在从句中做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。在英语中，表示时间、距离、金额、度量等的短语做主语时，通常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
例：Thirty
miles
is
a
long
way
to
walk.三十英里路是要步行很远的一段路。
—How
much
are
the
shoes?这双鞋多少钱?
—Fiften
dollars
is
enough.十五美元足够了。
4.And
she
won't
be
happy
if
she
sees
this
mess.而且她如果看到乱成这样会不高兴的。
mess名词，意为“杂乱；不整洁”，通常用单数形式。常用短语：in
a
mess“乱七八糟”；make
a
mess“弄得一团糟”。
例：It's
a
real
mess.
真是一团糟。
His
bedroom
was
in
a
terrible
mess.他的卧室里杂乱不堪。
The
boy
made
a
mess
in
the
living
room.这个男孩把起居室弄得很乱。
5.Ⅰ
threw
down
my
bag
and
went
to
the
living
rom.我扔下书包,走到客厅。
throw动词,意为“扔；掷”,其过去式是
threw,过去分词是
thrown。
常用短语：throw
down“扔下;扔掉”;throw
away“扔掉;错过”。
例：The
boys
were
throwing
stones
into
the
river.男孩们正在往河里扔石头。
He
threw
down
the
bag
and
went
out.他扔下包就出去了。
Recyeling
is
good,so
don't
throw
away
bottles
or
newspapers.
回收利用很好，所以不要扔掉瓶子或报纸。
【拓展】throw
构成的其他常用短语
throw
sth.
to
sb.将某物扔向某人（不含恶意）
throw
sth.
at
sb.用某物砸某人（含恶意,带有攻击性）
6.The
minute
I
sat
down
in
front
of
theTV,
my
mom
came
over.我刚坐在电视机前,妈妈就走了过来。
the
minute（that）…表示“一…
…就…
…”，常用于引导时间状语从句，相当于the
moment
…或
as
soon
as。
例：The
minute
I
got
to
school,
I
realized
I
had
left
my
pen
at
home.
我刚到学校就意识到我把钢笔落在家里了。
（2）in
front
of表示“在…
…前面”，强调在一定范围外；而
in
the
front
of表示“在…
…前部”，则强调在一定范围内。
例：There
is
a
girl
in
front
of
the
car.轿车的前面有一个女孩。
Bob
and
Mary
sit
in
the
front
of
the
car.鲍勃和玛丽坐在轿车的前面。
（3）come
over表示“过来”,是不及物短语动词。come
over
还可表示“顺便拜访”，后面可跟介词
to,
表示到某地拜访。
例：Don't
forget
to
come
over
to
my
house
when
you
come
to
Beijing.
当你来北京时，不要忘了顺便到我家。
7.I’m
just
as
tired
as
you
are!我和你一样累!
as…as…表示“和…
…一样…
…”，两个as之间用形容词或副词的原级，表示同级比较。
例：The
tree
is
as
tall
as
the
building.这棵树和那栋楼一样高。
He
runs
as
quickly
as
his
father.他跑得和他父亲一样快。
【拓展】
as
…
as…的否定形式not
so/as…as…表示“…
…不如……”。
例：She
doesn't
study
so/as
hard
as
her
brother(does).她不如她的哥哥学习努力。
Lesson
6
is
not
as/so
difficult
as
Lesson
7.第六课不如第七课难。
For
one
week,
she
did
not
do
any
housework
and
neither
did
I.
有一个星期，她没做任何家务，我也没做。
neither此处用作副词，意为“也不”。neither
did
I是倒装结构，相当于me
neither。“neither+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”结构，表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合另外的人或物。当前者叙述的肯定情况也适用于后者时，要用“so+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”结构。
例：She
cannot
swim
and
neither
can
her
sister.她不会游泳，她的妹妹也不会。
They
went
to
the
museum
yesterday.So
did
we.他们昨天去了博物馆。我们也去了。
【拓展】neither
的其他常见用法
①neither做副词时，还常与
nor搭配构成
neither…nor…结构，表示"既不…
…也不…
…"。连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式遵循“就近原则”，即与离其最近的主语形式保持一致。
例：Neither
she
nor
Ⅰ
am
a
doctor.她和我都不是医生。
②neither做限定词，表示“（两者）都不”，置于单数名词之前。
例：Neither
answer
is
correct.两个答案都不对。
③neither做代词，表示“两者都不;双方均不”。
例：Neither
of
the
two
boys
can
cook.两个男孩都不会做饭。
9.My
mom
came
over
as
soon
as
I
sat
down
in
front
of
the
TV.我一坐在电视机前，妈妈就走了过来。
as
soon
as表示“一…
…就…
…”，引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作在时间上是接连发生的。若主句时态为一般将来时，从句则应用一般现在时，即遵循“主将从现”原则。
例：He
took
out
his
English
book
as
soon
as
he
sat
down.他一坐下就拿出英语书来。
I
will
tell
him
the
news
as
soon
as
he
comes
back.他一回来我就把这个消息告诉他。
10.Could
you
please
passme
the
salt?
请你把盐递给我好吗?
pass及物动词，意为“给；递”，后常接双宾语，即pass
sb.
sth.,表示“把某物（传）递给某人”，相当于pass
sth.
to
sb.。
例：Please
pass
me
the
book.=Please
pass
the
book
to
me.请把书递给我。
当
pass的直接宾语为代词时，只能用
pass
sth.
to
sb.结构。
例：Please
pass
it
to
me.请把它递给我。
【拓展】
pass
还可表示“走过；通过”。
例：I
happened
to
pass
the
shop
yesterday.昨天我碰巧经过那家商店。
We
all
passed
the
exam.我们都通过了考试。
Could
I
borrow
that
book?
我能借那本书吗?
borrow及物动词，意为“借;借用”，表示主语借用他人的东西。常用搭配：borrow
sth.
from
sb.“向某人借某物”。
例：May
I
borrow
your
pen?我可以借你的钢笔吗?
He
borrowed
a
lot
of
money
from
me.他从我这儿借了很多钱。
12.Could
you
lend
me
some
money?你能借给我一些钱吗?
lend及物动词，意为“借给；借出”，表示主语把自己的东西借给他人。其过去式为lent。常用搭配：lend
sb.
sth.=lend
sth.
to
sb.“借某物给某人；把某物借给某人”。
例：Could
you
lend
me
your
bike?
=Could
you
lend
your
bike
to
me?
你可以借给我你的自行车吗?
【辨析】lend，borrow
与
keep
lend
“借出”，即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用，常用于“lend
sth.
to
sb./lend
sb.sth.”结构中，为非延续性动词
borrow
“借入”，即说话人向别人借东西供自己用，常用于“borow
sth.
from
sb.”结构中，为非延续性动词
keep
“保存，保留”，引申为“借用”，用于表示借用的时间长度，为延续性动词，可以和表示时间段的状语及how
long等连用
例：I
wanted
to
borrow
a
bike
from
my
friend
but
he
didn't
lend
it
to
me,
because
Jane
had
kept
it
for
two
days.我想借用朋友的自行车，但他没借给我，因为简已经借走它两天了。
13.Ⅰ
hate
to
do
chores.我讨厌做家务。
hate及物动词，意为“厌恶；讨厌”，其后可接名词、代词、不定式或动词-ing形式做宾语。hate表示一种感情或心理状态，不能用于进行时。
例：I
hate
rainy
days.
我讨厌下雨天。
【辨析】hate
to
do
sth.与
hate
doing
sth.
do
sth.
hate
to
do
sth.
表示具体的行为，（偶尔）讨厌做某件事
hate
doing
sth.
do
sth.
表示泛指的行为，（经常或习惯性地）讨厌做某件事
例：Ⅰ
hate
to
trouble
you.
我真不想麻烦你。
I
hate
watching
television;
I
prefer
to
read.我讨厌看电视，我更喜欢读书。
I’Ⅱ
finish
my
homework
while
you
help
me
with
he
dishes.当你帮我洗餐具时，我会完成作业。
while从属连词，意为“与…
…同时；当…
…的时候”，引导时间状语从句。while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。
例：Please
write
while
Iread.
我读的时候，请记下来。
【拓展】while可用作并列连词，连接两个并列分句，表示前后两个分句之间的对比关系，此时意为“而;然而”。
例：It's
cold
in
the
north
while
it's
warm
in
the
south.北方天气寒冷，而南方温暖。
【辨析】while与when
while
从句与主句表示的动作是同时进行的,且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间;while只指一段时间
when
从句谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词;when可以指时间点，也可以指一段时间
例：I
was
doing
my
homework
while
Mary
was
watching
TV.
当玛丽在看电视的时候，我在写作业。
I
was
having
the
piano
lesson
when
he
came
in.当他进来时,我正在上钢琴课。
Section
B
1.It
is
sill
a
good
idea
to
read
the
first
sentence
in
each
paragraph
a
little
more
carefully.
稍加细心地阅读每段的第一个句子也是一个不错的主意。
（1）本句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式短语。当不定式短语较长时，通常用it做形式主语放在句首,将真正的主语放在句子后面。
例：It
is
very
important
for
us
to
learn
English
well.
对我们来说，学好英语很重要。（真正的主语是
to
learn
English
well）
例：It
is
very
kind
of
you
to
help
me.
你来帮助我真是太好了。（真正的主语是
to
help
me）
（2）a
little
more
carefully
表示“稍加细心地”。其中，alittle表示“更…
…；稍微”，在这里修饰比较级
more
carefully。
例：The
room
is
a
little
larger
than
that
one.这个房间比那个稍大一点。
【拓展】
当强调比较的程度时，可在比较级前使用
much、even、far、a
little、a
bit、a
lot
等，表示程度进一步加深。
例：The
experiment
was
much
easier
than
we
had
expected.这个实验比我们预想的要容易得多。
I
do
not
understand
why
some
parents
make
their
kids
help
with
housework
and
chores
at
home.
我不理解为什么有些父母让孩子在家里帮忙做家务。
（1）本句是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。why引导的宾语从句做动词understand的宾语。宾语从句要用陈述语序。
例：No
one
knows
why
they
were
late
for
the
meeting.没人知道他们为什么开会迟到了。
Can
you
tell
me
whom
you
are
waiting
for?你能告诉我你在等谁吗?
（2）make此处用作使役动词，意为“使…
…；让…
…”。make后跟省略
to的不定式做宾语补足语，即
make
sb.do
sth.“使某人做某事”。但在被动语态中不定式符号to则不能省略，即be
made
to
do
sth。
例：They
made
him
work
fourteen
hours
a
day.=He
was
made
to
work
fourteen
hours
a
day.
他们让他一天工作14个小时。
3.Housework
is
a
waste
of
their
time.做家务是在浪费他们的时间。
waste做名词，意为“浪费；垃圾”。常用短语：a
waste
of“浪费…
…”。
例：We
should
put
waste
in
the
dustbin.我们应该把垃圾扔进垃圾箱。
That's
a
waste
of
money.
那太浪费钱了。
【拓展】
waste还可用作动词，意为“浪费；滥用”。其后可接名词或代词做宾语。常用搭配：waste
time/money
on
sth.或waste
time/money（in）doing
sth.“在（做）某事上浪费时间/金钱”。
例：She
wasted
much
money
on
clothes.她浪费了很多钱买衣服。
Jack
wastes
a
lot
of
time
watching
TV
every
day.杰克每天浪费很多时间看电视。
4.They
should
spend
their
time
on
schoolwork
in
order
to
get
good
grades
and
get
into
a
good
university.为了取得好成绩并考入好大学，他们应该把时间花在学业上。
in
order
to表示“目的是；为了”，后跟动词原形，表示目的。其否定结构为
in
order
not
to。
例：People
must
eat
in
order
to
live.为了生存，人必须吃东西。
In
order
not
to
wake
the
children,they
spoke
in
a
low
voice.为了不弄醒孩子们，他们小声说话。
【拓展】
“in
order+that从句”也可表示“目的是；为了”，从句中常用can、may、could、might等情态动词。可与“so
that+从句”相互转换。
例：He
works
hard
in
order
that
he
may
succed.=He
works
hard
so
that
he
may
succeed.
他为求成功而努力工作。
It
is
the
parents'
job
to
provide
a
clean
and
comfortable
environment
at
home
for
their
children.
在家中给他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的事情。
provide及物动词，意为“提供；供应”，其后常接名词或代词做宾语。常用结构：provide
sb.
with
sth./provide
sth.
for
sb.“为某人提供某物”。
例：The
sun
provides
light
and
heat
for
us.太阳给我们提供光和热。
The
parents
provide
their
children
with
food
and
clothes.
=The
parents
provide
food
and
clothes
for
their
children.父母供孩子吃穿。
6.And
anyway,
I
think
doing
chores
is
not
so
difficult.反正我觉得干点家务也不太难。
（1）anyway副词，意为“不管怎样；无论如何；而且；加之”，多用于追加评论。可位于句首、句中或句末，位于句首时，须用逗号和句子隔开。
例：It
was
an
old
bike
anyway.反正，这是一辆旧自行车。
Anyway,
we
must
finish
this
work
today.无论如何，我们今天必须完成这项工作。
doing
chores为动词-ing形式，在宾语从句中做主语。单个动词-ing形式做主语时，谓语动词须用单数形式。
例：Taking
walks
after
supper
is
good
for
our
health.晚饭后散步对我们的健康有好处。
7.
Children
these
days
depend
on
their
parents
too
much.现在的孩子过度依赖他们的父母。
depend动词，意为“依靠；信赖”。常用短语：depend
on“依靠；信赖”，也可说depend
upon。主语通常是表示人的名词或代词。
例：The
old
man
depends
on
himself
and
lives
alone.这位老人依靠自己独立生活。
He
was
the
sort
of
person
you
could
depend
on.他是你可以信赖的那种人。
【拓展】depend
on还可表示“视…
…而定；决定于…
…；取决于…
…”，此时通常以事物或it做主语
例：It
all
depends
on
how
you
solve
the
problem.这完全取决于你怎样解决这个问题。
8.Doing
chores
helps
to
develop
children'sindependence...做家务有助于培养孩子的独立性…
…
develop动词，意为“发展；壮大；培养；（使）成长；开发”。其名词形式为development，意为“发展；开发”。
例：This
made
the
industry
develop
very
quickly.这使得工业飞速发展。
Teenagers
should
develop
good
reading
habits.青少年应该培养良好的阅读习惯。
The
builders
are
developing
that
part
of
the
city.建筑商正在开发这座城市的那个地区。
【拓展】develop的形容词形式
developed
“发达的”
developed
countries
“发达国家”
developing“发展中的”
developing
countries“发展中国家”
9.Since
they
live
in
one
house
with
their
parents,they
should
know
that
everyone
should
do
their
part
in
keeping
it
clean
and
tidy.既然他们和父母生活在同一屋檐下，他们就应该知道，每个人都应该尽自己的一份力来保持房子的干净和整洁。
since做连词，引导原因状语从句，意为“因为；既然”，通常表示对方已知的事实或理由。
例：He
didn't
come
since
he
was
busy.他因为忙，所以没有来。
Since
this
method
doesn't
work,let's
try
another.
既然这种方法行不通，我们来试试别的方法吧。
【拓展】
①since做连词，还可表示“自…
…以来”，引导时间状语从句，常与完成时连用。常用句型：It
is+一段时间＋since从句（从句用一般过去时），表示“自从…
…已经多长时间了”。
例：I
have
worked
in
the
factory
since
I
graduated.我自毕业以来就一直在这家工厂工作。
It
is
ten
years
since
we
met
last
time.自从我们上次见面已有10年了。
②since
做介词或副词，意为“自从；自…
…以后；从…
…以来”，常与完成时连用。
例：I
haven't
seen
him
since1982.从1982年以来我再没见过他。
He
left
home
two
weeks
ago
and
we
haven't
heard
from
him
since.
他两周前离家外出，我们至今还没有他的音信。
10...he
had
no
idea
how
to
take
care
or
himself.
…
…他不知道怎样照顾自己。
（1）have
no
idea
表示“不知道”，相当于don't
know。
例：I
have
no
idea
how
to
persuade
him
to
give
up
the
idea.
我不知道该如何说服他放弃这个想法。
（2）take
care
of表示“照料；照顾；处理”，后接名词、反身代词或代词的宾格形式做宾语，相当于look
after。
例：Mother
is
ill.I
have
to
take
care
of/look
after
her
at
home.妈妈病了，我必须在家照顾她。
【拓展】
表示“好好照顾…
…”应用take
good
care
of…或look
after…well。
例：Don't
be
worried.
We
can
take
good
care
of
ourselves.
=Don't
be
worried.
We
can
look
after
ourselves
well.别担心。我们可以照顾好自己。
11.As
a
result，he
often
fell
ill
and
his
grades
dropped.结果，他经常生病而且他的成绩下降了。
（1）fall
ill表示“生病”。此处fall用作连系动词，其过去式为fell。
例：Mother
fell
ill
suddenly,so
I
had
to
look
after
her
in
the
hospital.
妈妈突然患病，因此我必须在医院里照顾她。
【辨析】fall
ill与be
ill
fall
ill
“生病”，强调动作，与表示时间点的时间状语连用
be
ill
“生病”，强调状态，与表示时间段的时间状语连用
例：—When
did
you
allill?
你什么时候生的病?
—Last
night.昨天晚上。
He
was
ill
for
a
long
time.他病了很久。
（2）drop动词，意为“落下；掉下；使落下；降落”。
例：Gordon
dropped
the
cup
and
it
broke.戈登把杯子摔碎了。
【辨析】drop与fall
drop
既可做不及物动词，也可做及物动词。侧重指由于地心引力或没握住而“落下；使落下”
fall
只能做不及物动词。侧重由于重力作用“自然掉落”或失去平衡而“跌倒”
例：Leo
dropped
the
glass
onto
the
ground.利奥把玻璃杯摔在了地上。
Rain
began
to
fall.雨开始下了。
The
earlier
kids
learn
to
be
independent,the
better
it
is
for
their
future.
孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
（1）该句为“the+比较级…,
the＋比较级….”句式结构，意为“越…
…，（就）越…
…”，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
例：The
healthier
food
we
eat,
the
stronger
we
will
be.我们吃的食物越健康，我们就会越强壮。
The
more
learned
a
man
is,the
more
modest
he
usually
is.一个人越有学问，通常就越谦虚。
（2）independent形容词，意为“独立的；自主的；有主见的”。其名词形式为independence，意为“独立”。
例：He
is
a
man
of
independent
mind.
As
a
child,
he
wanted
to
live
a
life
of
independence.
他是个有主见的人。从小他就想过独立的生活。
【练习】
1.（黑龙江哈尔滨中考）—Hi,Jack!
Could
you
come
to
our
English
party?
—Sorry,I
.I
have
to
look
after
my
little
sister
at
home.
A.
must
B.
could
C.can't
2.（四川绵阳中考）For
kids
of
this
age,
two
hours
of
sitting
in
a
classroom
too
long.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
was
D.
were
3.（新疆中考）Cindy,
your
room
is
in
a
m
.
You
should
tidy
it
up.
4.（湖南张家界中考）No
mountain
in
the
world
is
as
as
Qomolangma.
A.
high
B.
higher
C.
highest
5.（江苏无锡中考）—What
language
is
that
guy
speaking?
I
can
hardly
catch
a
single
word!
—
.He's
from
India,so
I
guess
it
is
Hindi.
A.
Neither
I
can
B.Neither
can
I
C.
So
I
can
D.
So
can
I
6.（山东聊城中考改编）请把球传给我。Please
the
ball
.。
7.（四川遂宁中考）—Can
I
a
dictionary
from
you,Lucy?
—Sorry,I
don't
have
one.
A.borrow
B.lend
C.lent
8.（黑龙江绥化中考）Mr.
Green
hates
(travel)by
air.
He
always
falls
asleep
during
the
flight.
9.（黑龙江齐齐哈尔中考）I
was
writing
a
letter
she
was
making
a
telephone
call.
A.
while
B.
when
C.
before
10.（山东泰安中考）We
all
like
Lucy
as
she
is
always
thinking
of
others
than
herself.
A.
less
B.
much
more
C.
much
D.
better
11.（海南中考）They
solved
the
problem
in
the
end.
Yet
I
really
don't
know
.
A.
how
did
they
make
it
B.
how
they
made
it
C.
why
did
they
make
it
12.（天津中考）Don't
any
more
time,or
we
will
miss
the
meeting.
A.
Save
B.
trust
C.waste
D.love
13.（黑龙江齐齐哈尔中考）She
dressed
up
everyone
might
notice
her.
A.
in
order
to
B.in
order
that
C.
although
14.（四川自贡中考）This
restaurant
people
delicious
food.
A.provides;for
B.offers;to
C.provides;with
15.（湖南张家界中考）Playing
computer
games
too
much
bad
for
students'
health.
A.am
B.is
C.are
16.（江苏南京中考）It's
important
for
us
to
protect
nature
because
we
its
rich
resources
to
live.
A.depend
on
B.leave
for
C.give
up
D.lead
to
17.（山东莱芜中考)
School
clubs
are
lively
places
where
students
are
encouraged
to
their
interest.
A.develop
B.depend
C.perform
D.overcome
18.（江苏无锡中考）
Could
you
help
me
with
housework
you
are
free
today?
A.since
B.
though
C.
unless
D.
until
19.（山东济宁中考）We
should
be
kind
to
the
old
and
take
care
them
in
daily
life.
A.
of
B.
for
C.
with
D.
about
20.（云南中考）—You
shouldn't
eat
too
much
junk
food.
It's
bad
for
your
health.
—You're
right.
junk
food
I
eat,
I
will
be.
A.The
less;
the
healthier
B.
The
less;
the
healthy
C.
The
more;
the
healthier
D.
The
more;
the
healthy
二、重点语法
情态动词could的用法
一、作为can的过去式时，情态动词could表示过去的能力和可能性，其否定形式是could
not，可缩写为
couldn't。
例：He
could
write
poems
when
he
was
10.他十岁时就会写诗了。
Judy
couldn't
have
enough
money
for
a
car.朱迪不可能有足够的钱买汽车。
情态动词could可用于礼貌地提出要求或征询许可，此时并非can的过去式。
用法和句式
示例
提出请求：Could
you
please(not)do…?
Could
you
please
take
the
dog
for
a
walk?请你去遛遛狗好吗？
征询许可：Could
I/we
do...?
Could
I
go
out
for
dinner
with
my
friends?我能和朋友一起出去吃（晚）饭吗?
肯定回答常用语:Of
course.
/Certainly./OK./Sure./No
problem.等否定回答常用语：Sorry./Certainly
not./No,you
can't等
—Could
you
please
clean
the
room?请你打扫一下房间好吗?—Sure.当然可以。—Could
you
open
the
windows?你能打开窗户吗?—Sorry,
but
I
have
got
a
cold.抱歉，我感冒了。
（1）对提出请求或征询许可的句型做否定回答时，通常以sorry或I'm
sorry开头。
例：—Could
you
help
me
with
my
English
now?你现在能帮我学英语吗?
—I'm
sorry,but
I
have
a
football
match
ten
minutes
later.抱歉，我十分钟后要参加一场足球赛。
（2）如果问句中使用could，回答时要用can或cant，不能用could或couldn't。
例：—Could
I
use
your
bike?
我能用一下你的自行车吗?
—Sure，you
can.
当然可以。
其他常见的表示委婉请求或征询许可的句型：
①Will/Would
you
please
do…?
表示“请你做…
…好吗?”
②Would
you
mind（not）doing…?表示“你介意（不）做…
…吗?”
③May
I…?
表示“我可以…
…吗?”
【练习】
一、单选。
1.（山东莱芜中考)Jane
is
talented
in
painting
and
paint
great
pictures
at
the
age
of
5.
A.may
B.can
C.might
D.could
2.（江苏镇江中考）—Could
you
go
to
the
bookshop
with
me？I
want
to
buy
The
Grass
House
by
Cao
Wenxuan.
—Sorry,I
.
I've
promised
Mom
to
go
home
right
after
school.
A.can't
B.couldn't
C.needn't
D.mustn't
3.—Could
I
go
to
the
shop?
—Yes,
.
A.
you
can
B.
you
could
C.
you
do
D.
you
are
4.—Could
you
please
make
your
bed?
—
I
have
too
much
homework
to
do.
A.
Yes,sure.
B.
Why
not?
C.
Sorry,you
can't.
D.
Sorry,I
can't.
5.
Could
you
please
on
the
road?
A.
not
to
play
B.
to
not
play
C.
play
not
D.
not
play
6.He
speak
three
languages
when
he
was
ten
years
old.
A.
can
B.may
C.
could
D.
can't
7.What
you
do
when
you
were
five?
A.
do
B.were
C.
can
D.
could
二、按要求完成句子
l.—Could
you
please
answer
these
questions?（做肯定回答）
—
.
2.Help
your
parents
do
chores.（用could改写句子）
help
your
parents
do
chores?
3.
Could
you
please
do
the
dishes
at
this
time?（改为否定形式）
Could
you
please
the
dishes
at
this
time?
4.I，bookstore，go，could，to，the（?）（连词成句）
.
5.clean，could，please，you，room，the（?）（连词成句）
.
【重点短语和表达】答案：
CA
mess
AB
pass;to
me
A
traveling/travelling
ABBCB
CBAAA
AA
【重点语法】答案：
一、DAADD
CD
二、1.No
problem/Of
course
2.
Could
you
please
3.
not
do
4.CouldIgo
to
the
bookstore?
5.Could
you
please
clean
the
room?
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