8B Unit 1 Grammar 课件1（牛津译林版）

(共33张PPT)
8B Unit 1 Grammar
Present Perfect Tense (1)
We have just had a 3-day holiday.
Yesterday was Tomb-sweeping Day.
Many people went to the tombs(墓地) yesterday.
They have cleaned the tombs and missed their parting relatives (逝去的亲人).
A day of sadness
Many people have also had a good time these days.
They went out to enjoy the beautiful spring during the holiday.
A day of happiness
The simple past tense(一般过去时)
Past present
用一般过去时表达在一个确切的过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。
Many people went to the tombs(墓地) yesterday.
yesterday
eg:
1. We still ______ (study) at school last Saturday.
2. I _______ (prepare) for an outing 2 days ago.
3. Some children _______ (fly) kites in the park
on April 5th.
studied
prepared
flew
1. 用现在完成时表达发生在过去但对现在造成影响的事情。
The present perfect tense（现在完成时）
Past present
(They cleaned the tombs yesterday and the tombs are clean now.)
They have cleaned the tombs.
yesterday
eg:
1. He isn’t hungry because he _______ already _____ (have) lunch.
2. I _____________ (not see) the film yet. I will see it tonight.
has had
have not seen
has not = have not =
（1）肯定式：
（2）否定式：
have
he
she
it
I
we
you
they
has
has / have + Vpp
has / have not + Vpp
haven’t
hasn’t
现在完成时的基本构成（一）：
动词的过去分词形式
1.规则动词
2.不规则动词
finish--finished--finished
live--lived--lived
carry--carried--carried
stop—stopped--stopped
go— went —gone
see--- saw —seen
forget— forgot –forgotten
…
规则动词
的过去分词
变化与
过去式相同
不规则
变化须
单独记忆
I visited Xuefeng park the day before yesterday.
I saw many people playing there on that day.
I have taken some photos of them.
Please look at the photos and make sentences using Present perfect tense.
Making sentences:
They haven’t driven a real car, they have driven the mini-car.
They, not drive a real car, they drive, the mini-car
drive -- driven
Making sentences:
she, not fly the kite, she, sit on the kite
She hasn’t flown the kite, she has sat on the kite.
fly – flown
sit – sat
The boys, not run, they, skate
The boys haven’t run, they have skated.
Making sentences:
run – run; skate -- skated
Making sentences:
The girl, not play, she, sell bubble sticks
The girl hasn’t played, she has sold bubble sticks.
play – played; sell -- sold
Making sentences:
Sadly, some people, not keep the park clean, they, drop litter there
Sadly, some people haven’t kept the park clean, they have dropped litter there.
keep – kept;
drop -- dropped
Have you ever dropped litter there
（3）一般疑问句：
Has / Have 主语 + Vpp …
Yes, … has /have.
No, … hasn’t /haven’t.
现在完成时的基本构成（二）：
A game -- Let’s guess!
Has / Have …
Miss Zheng, have you …
Have they …
Guessing:
Has the girl …
Guessing:
1. The man _____________ (read) the book 3 times.
2. She ______________(live) in Suqian before.
3. She ______________ (visited) here recently.
4. _____ she ever_______ (told) you that
No, she _______never _______ (tell) me.
5. Today, she ______ just _______ (have) a Maths lesson.
6.
7. I ____ already ________ (finish) my homework but she ________________ (not finish) hers yet.
has read
has lived
has studied
Has told
have finished
has told
has had
hasn’t finished
Fill in the blanks:
The present perfect tense
（现在完成时用法1）常用时间状语
already
yet
just
never
ever
recently
before
times
…
B(P16) Time expressions with the present perfect tense
already
yet
just
never
ever
recently
肯定句
已经
还，已经，仍
否定句，疑问句
刚刚
肯定句
从不，绝不，不曾
否定句
曾经
肯定句，疑问句
肯定/否定句，疑问句
最近
汉语意思 适用句式（肯，否，疑问）
Fill in the blanks with “ just, yet, never, already, ever, recently ”
Have you done your homework____
I have _____ been to Chengdu. I know nothing about it.
He has ____ stayed there. He left a moment ago.
They have _____ heard about the story.
She has been ill ________.
Have you ____ ridden a horse
yet
never
already
recently
just
ever
Read and find out where the time expressions
(时间词) are in the sentences.
Already ，just， ever，and never usually comes ________（before/ after） have or has.
Yet and recently come at the _________ (end/beginning) of a sentence.
Sometimes, ________ can also appear at the end of a sentence.
Work out the rule -- 时间词在句中的位置：
end
already
after
A game
recently
already
yet
just
never
ever
1.He _________ (know) the city since he was very young .
2. _____ you ____ (see) my watch Yes,I ___ (see)it on your desk five minutes ago .
3. Last night ,it ______ (rain) heavily .
4. --When _____ you _____ (finish) your work
-- Half an hour ago .
has known
Have
seen
saw
rained
did
finish
( ) 2. —I have watched the game.
—When ____ you ____ it
A. have; watched B. do; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch
( )3. Mr. Green ____ in China since five years ago.
A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live
C
B
( )1. —Excuse me, ____ you seen the film yet
—Yes, I _____ it last night.
A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D have, saw
D
1.The boy has already gone home . （改为一般疑问句）
___________________
2. The girl has bought some nice presents.（改为否定句）___________________________
3.They have ever visited Beijing before .（改为否定句）
————————————————————
Has the boy gone home yet
The girl has not bought any nice presents.
They have never visited Beijing before
现在完成时和一般过去时
He ____________(work) in our school for one year.
He ______(come) to our school last year/in 2002.
They _______________(cook) the supper already.
They ___________ (cook) the supper half an hour ago.
has worked
came
have cooked
cooked
1. 我们没还没扫完了教室。
2. 那些相片我已经寄给他了。
3. 他从来没有做过家务活。
4. Millie 刚丢了她的历史书。
5. 你曾经帮助过别人吗？
We haven’t cleaned the classroom yet.
I have already sent the photos to him.
He has never done any housework.
Millie has just lost her history book.
Translate the sentences:
Have you ever helped others
Homework:
Remember the irregular verbs.
2. Make sentences with already yet
just, never, ever, recently , before,
…times
一般过去时&现在完成时
1）侧重点不同
一般过去时表示过去的动作或状态，强调过去，和现在无关。
现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I saw this film yesterday.
（只说明动作发生在过去。）
I have seen this film. I won’t see it tonight.
（强调对现在的影响。）