8B Unit 1 Grammar 课件3（现在完成时态复习）

(共46张PPT)
Present perfect tense
现在完成时态 1
When do we use Present Perfect Tense
The Present Perfect Tense (现在完成时）
一.现在完成时的含义
表示过去已完成的动作对现在产生的影响，常与“already”、“yet”、“just”等连用；
e.g. We have just finished the report.
也可表示过去发生动作持续到现在，常与“since”、“for”等连用。
e.g. I have lived here since I was born.
二、现在完成时的构成
We have lived in Beijing since we were born.
He has already had his lunch.
I have just finished my homework.
2现在完成时的否定句
1 现在完成时的肯定句
句型 主语（第一、二人称单、复数）+have 主语（第三人称复数） +have +过去分词 主语（第三人称单数） +has
句型 主语+have/has+not+过去分词+……
I have not seen the movie yet.
He hasn’t been to Beijing since then.
She hasn’t eaten it.
They haven’t finished the work.
3现在完成时的一般疑问句
句型 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+….
Have you finished the work
Has she arrived here
Have they eaten supper
4现在完成时的特殊疑问句
句型 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+…….
How many times have you been to the Great Wall
How long have you known each other
What have you finished recently
Yes, … have/has.
No, … haven’t/hasn’t.
Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.
Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.
三、过去分词的构成
原形 过去分词 原形 过去分词
travel visit
move stop
stay finish
own shop
learn repair
travelled
moved
stayed
owned
learned
visited
stopped
finished
shopped
repaired
A 规则动词的过去分词
B 不规则动词的过去分词
原形 过去分词 原形 过去分词
think put
catch cost
give grow
make hurt
write run
thought
caught
given
made
written
put
cost
grown
hurt
run
原形 过去分词 原形 过去分词
feel bring
fall wear
fly sing
have forget
drink keep
felt
fallen
flown
had
drunk
brought
worn
sung
forgotten
kept
Complete the sentences using the present perfect tense.
They ____________(finish) their homework.
2. Mr and Mrs Li ____________(not come) back yet.
3. John __________(play) this computer game a few times.
4. We ____________(not see) that film yet.
5. Mr Dong ____________(repair) over ten bicycles since
last Monday.
6. You _____________(not visit) me for a long time.
haven’t come
have finished
has played
haven’t seen
has repaired
haven’t visited
Complete the conversation using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Millie: (1)_____ you ____(see) any exhibitions recently, Sandy
Sandy: No, I (2)_______. What about you
Millie: Well, I (3)________(see) one. I saw it at the history museum last week.
Sandy: What’s it about
Millie: I (4)_____________(forget) the title. It’s about changes in Beijing over the past century.
Sandy: Oh, yes. I (5)__________(hear) about it.(6)_____ your cousin
_____(go) with you
Millie: No, he (7)______. He (8)________ (be) very busy this week.
Sandy: Did you enjoy the exhibition
Millie: Yes, I did. I (9)__________(learn) a lot about Beijing’s past and present. It’s a good exhibition and I (10)____________(decide) to see it again. Do you want to go with me
Sandy: Sure. I won’t miss it this time.
Have seen
have seen
haven’t
have forgotten
have heard
Did
go
didn’t
has been
have learnt
have decided
1) 你已经收到你爸爸的来信了吗？
2) 我已经很长时间没有看见我姑姑了。
3) Simon曾经去过几次中国
4) 她刚刚写好两篇文章。
5) 他们已经去电影院了。
6) Smith夫妇还没有回来。
7) 自从上午9点你就在等他吗？
8) 人们自从1998年开始使用这个新机场。
翻译：
Have you received your father’s letter yet
I have not seen my aunt for a long time.
How many times has Simon been to China
She has just written two articles.
They have gone to the cinema.
Mr Smith and Mrs Smith have not come back yet.
Have you waited for him since 9 a.m.
They have used the new airport since 1998.
用正确时态填空
Hurry up! Lunch ________already _________(begin).
________ he ever _________(ride) a bike
Liming ________(hurt) his arm last week. He ________ already ________(stay) in bed for five days.
Yesterday, she ________(buy) one book in the bookshop. She ___________ (not read) it since then.
I ________already _________(lose) my pen. _________(buy) it two days ago.
He ___________ (wait) for an hour.
I ________________ (not finish) the work yet.
___________ you ________ (know) him since then
has waited
haven’t finished
Have
known
hurt
has
begun
Has
ridden
has
stayed
bought
hasn’t read
have lost
bought
9. We ___________ (be) there many times in the past
3 years.
10. How long ________ you__________ (stay) at home
already
11. He ___________ (not read) the book before.
I ___________ (hear) from my brother recently.
Her sister _________ (go) to Changchun.
She______ (leave) this morning.
He ___________ (live) in his hometown since he
left here.
The writer ______________ (finish) several story-
books since 1990.
have heard
have been
have
stayed
hasn’t read
has gone
left
has lived
has finished
现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时，强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响，与现在有关。 一般过去时，仅仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。
他已学英语五年了。
He has studied English for five years.
他曾学过五年英语。
He studied English for five years.
（说明他还继续学下去）
（只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）
一般过去时与现在完成时有一些明显的时间状语。
遇到yesterday, Last year, in May, in+过去某一年，two days ago, the other day, just now等就用一般过去时
当有 over these years, in the past/ last few days(在过去/最近的几年里)，since接过去时间状语或过去时的句子等常用现在完成时
现在完成时和一般过去时
He ____________(work) in our school for one year.
He ______(come) to our school last year/in 2002.
They _______________(cook) the supper already.
They ___________ (cook) the supper half an hour ago.
has worked
came
have cooked
cooked
Present perfect tense
现在完成时态 2
He speaks French so fluently. He learned it in Paris. He was there for two years. He has studied French.
(他学过法语。) 这句话所说明的结果是他现在懂法语。
Look! The blackboard is so clean now. He has cleaned the blackboard.
(他已经擦过黑板了。) 这句话所表示的结果是黑板现在是干净的。
用法1：表示过去开始的动作或状态已经结束，但是对现在有影响
这种用法常与already, just, yet, ever, never, before(句末)等连用.
I ________ (do) my homework already.
He _____________(not finished) his homework yet.
____you ever _____(be) to Beijing
We ______ never ______ (see) such an exciting match before.
Mother _____ just _______(clean) the house. Please don’t come in.
They _________________(practice) this dialogue twice.
have done
has not finished
Have
been
have
seen
has
cleaned
have practiced
现在完成时的时间副词和时间短语:
1. 副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。
如: We have already finished our homework.
我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.
他们还没有完成作业。
- I have never been to the Great Wall.
我从未去过长城。
副词ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问
句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。
如: - Have you ever been to the Great Wall
你曾经去过长城吗
He has just eaten ten apples.
他刚吃完十个苹果。
3. 用just表示到说话时为止的时间状语,
如: I have just seen her, but I don’t know
where she is now .
我刚看见她，但我不知道她现在在哪。
注意：当在肯定陈述句中含有already或just 时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already 或just 去掉，在句末加上yet.
I haven’t seen the film yet.
● I have done my homework already.
I haven’t done my homework yet.
● Mother has just cleaned the house.
Mother hasn’t cleaned the house yet.
● I have seen the film already.
用法2：表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在甚至将来
I have lived here for twenty years.
She has moved to Beijing since she was born.
They have changed a lot over these years.
Mike borrowed the books two days ago.
Mike has kept the books for two days.
切记有些动词是非延续的，在此用法中要换成其相对应的延续性动词：
buy borrow
open close
leave die
join begin
---have -- keep
---be open ---be closed
--be away ---be dead
--be a member of ---be on
标志词：for +一段时间, since+过去的时间点, over these years, so far, in the past/last …years
We __________ (learn) English for three years/ since two years ago/since 2000.
Mr. Green _________ (be) in China these years.
They ____________(write) 15 songs so far.
The population ____________ (grow) more slowly in the past ten years.
have learned
has been
have written
has grown
如: I haven't seen him for two years.
我两年没有见过他了。
4. 表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，
一直持续到现在的时间状语: so far, for+ 一段时间, since +过去时间或一般过去时的句子。
Mrs Li has taught in our school since
she left normal university.
李老师从师范大学毕业以后就在我们
学校教书了。
( )1. I have finished my homework ____.
Have you finished your homework
____
A. yet, yet
B. yet, already
C. already, yet
D. already, already
单项选择:
( )2. I haven’t seen Kate ____ 4 months.
A. Already B. since
C. for D. yet
( )3. He has ____ seen the film Harry
Potter. So he knows nothing about it.
A. already B. ever
C. never D. yet
( ) 4. She has been ill in bed ____ two days ago.
A. since B. in
C. during D. for
( )5. — Have you seen him ____
— No, I haven’t.
A. already B. never
C. ever D. recently
( )6. I have ____ watched a wonderful
film. It’s really interesting.
A. yet
B. just
C. just now
D. never
( )7. Mike ____ the bookshop. I have to wait for him.
A. went to
B. was in
C. has been to
D. has gone to
( )8. — Oh, Mrs King, your dress looks
very nice. Is it new
— No, I ___ it since two years ago.
A. had
B. bought
C. have had
D. have bought
( )9. — ___you __a ticket for the football
match
— Not yet.
A. Is, bought
B. Are, bought
C. Has, bought
D. Have, bought
( )10. — What a nice dog! How long have
you had it
— __two years.
A. For B. Since
C. In D. Before
( )11. Great changes ____in China since
1978.
A. was happened B. have happened
C. have been happened
D. happened
( )12. Tom ______a lot of friends since
he came to China last year.
A. made B. makes
C. is making D. has made
( )13. “The World Without Thieves” is a
very moving film. I ___ it twice
already.
A. will see B. saw
C. see D. have seen
( )14. They ___ since the factory opened.
A. have worked there
B. have worked here
C. worked there
D. worked here
( )15. — Lucy, __ you ___ your ticket
— Not yet.
A. did, find B. have, found
C. has, found D. do, find
( )16. — What are you going to do this
Saturday
— I ____ yet.
A. haven’t decided
B. won’t decide
C. am not decided
D. didn’t decide
1. He ______________ (not finish) the
homework yet. He will try to finish it
quickly.
2. My family ________ (live) in Nanjing
since 1996.
3. _____ you ______ (know) him since
then
More practice
hasn’t finished
has lived
Have
known
4. They _____ already _______ (decide)
to go to Kunming for the holiday.
5. We ___________ (move) to the new flat
since last month.
6. The girl __________ (learn) English for
about two years.
have
decided
have moved
has learned
7. My father went to Beijing two weeks ago. I____________ (not see) him since then.
8. ____ Tom _______ (write) letters to you recently
9. Jack’s mother isn’t at home. She ________ (go) to the supermarket.
10. The film ________ (be) on for about
20 minutes. We missed the beginning.
haven’t seen
Has
written
has gone
has been
have/has gone to…
have/has been in …
have/has been to…
1.A: Where’s Jim, Li Lei
B: He ______________his school library.
2.The Greens _____________China for three years.
We _____________the Great Wall twice. It’s very beautiful.
has gone to
have been in
have been to
B
A
A
B
B stay
A
她以前曾去过上海。
She has been to Shanghai before.
他在上海10年了。
She has been in Shanghai for ten years.
他去上海了。
He has gone to Shanghai.
Remember the use of present perfect tense.
2. Preview the next lesson.
Homework
Bye-bye!