必修4 Unit10 Money
(主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事)
核心考点课堂突破
1.motivatev.使有动机,促使,激发
[教材原句]How
do
you
think
you
can
keep
yourself
motivated
learning
English?(P4)
你认为如何让自己保持学习英语的动力?
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①However,if
others
benefit
in
the
process,and
I
get
some
reward
too,does
it
really
matter
where
my
(motivate)
lies?(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②You
should
reassess
your
goals,and
motivate
(you)
to
set
a
fresh
goal.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)?
③It
makes
him
more
productive
and
gets
him
(motivate)
in
his
own.?
[完成句子]
④正是我在仪式上看到的促使我努力变得更强大、更独立,以便将来我能为我们的祖国做出更多的贡献。(2020·天津卷,书面表达)
It
was
what
I
saw
in
the
ceremony
to
be
stronger
and
more
independent
so
that
I
could
make
more
contributions
to
our
homeland
in
the
future.?
考点必记
①motivate
sb
to
do
sth激励某人做某事
be
motivated
by受到……驱使
②motivation
n.动力,诱因
motivation
for
……的动机
[写作佳句]
The
story
of
the
disabled
young
man
enhanced
his
motivation
for
achievement.那个残疾青年的故事增强了他要有所成就的动机。
2.existvi.存在,生存,维持生活
[教材原句]Two
thousand
years
ago,English
did
not
exist.(P5)
两千年前,英语并不存在。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①And
contrary
to
(exist)
research
that
says
you
should
avoid
eating
with
heavier
people
who
order
large
portions(份),it’s
the
beanpoles
with
big
appetites
you
really
need
to
avoid.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②“That
is
only
evidence
that
traditions
once
(exist),”
he
said.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
③This
had
led
scientists
to
speculate
on
the
(exist)
of
other
galaxies.?
[完成句子]
④在学生中存在一种浪费食物的现象。
students
waste
food.?
考点必记
①there
exists/existed...某地有/存在……
exist
on靠……为生
②existence
n.存在
existent
adj.存在的,现存的
existing
adj.现存的;现行的
come
into
existence开始存在;成立
bring...into
existence使发生,产生
[名师点津]
exist是不及物动词,不可带宾语,也没有被动结构,其主语即为存在的事物。
[写作佳句]
Could
you
tell
us
when
the
custom
came
into
existence?你能告诉我们这一风俗是什么时候开始存在的吗?
3.defeatvt.战胜,击败
[教材原句]It
was
the
Romans
who
first
spoke
the
Latin
language
and
as
they
defeated
the
people
of
Europe,they
spread
Latin
everywhere,from
England
to
Germany.(P6)
罗马人首先讲拉丁语,当他们击败欧洲人时,他们从英国到德国到处传播拉丁语。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Being
the
coach
of
the
new
team,I
was
excited
because
I
knew
we
were
going
to
win,but
to
my
disappointment
we
(defeat).(2018·天津卷,完形填空)?
[用beat,win或defeat的恰当形式填空]
②Damaged
but
not
,he
was
still
ahead
of
me.?
③Then
I
put
the
tomatoes
and
the
eggs
into
the
pan
together.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,短文改错)?
④In
1931,Addams
became
the
first
American
woman
the
Nobel
Peace
Prize.?
考点必记
defeat
sb打败某人
suffer
a
defeat战败;遭受挫败
bring
defeat
upon
oneself招致失败
[词汇辨析]
①defeat既可以表示战胜比赛或竞技对手,也可以表示在战争中打败敌人。
②beat主要用于竞技或比赛中战胜对手,另有“拍打,心跳”等意。
③win则用表示比赛、战斗、奖品、荣誉、好感等的名词做宾语。
[写作佳句]
If
you
believe
in
yourself,then
nothing
can
defeat
you.如果你相信自己,那么就没有什么可以击败你。
4.earnvt.挣得,赚得,赢得(名誉、地位、赞扬、尊敬等)
[教材原句]His
company
makes
a
lot
of
money
and
so
he
earns
a
good
salary.(P7)
他的公司赚了很多钱,所以他的薪水很高。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Jennifer
received
great
support
from
her
family
as
she
worked
(earn)
her
degree.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②These
people
earn
living
wage
for
their
professional
knowledge
and
skills.(2018·江苏卷,任务型阅读)?
考点必记
①earn
a
living谋生,度日
earn
money挣钱
earn
respect赢得尊重
earn
a
reputation/fame
as...赢得……名声
earn
profit赢得利润
earn
sb
sth给某人赢得某物
②earnings
n.所赚的钱;收入
[写作佳句]
The
company
earns
a
good
reputation
because
of
its
advanced
technology
and
excellent
service.这家公司因其先进技术和良好的服务而赢得好的名声。
5.determinevt.决心,决意,确定,决定
[教材原句]A
lot
of
people
are
determined
to
become
a
millionaire.(P8)
很多人一心想成为百万富翁。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①—Some
people
might
have
given
up
at
that
point.
—I
was
determined
(do)
it,to
finish
the
round.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,听力)?
②Write
a
poem
about
how
courage, (determine),and
strength
have
helped
you
face
challenges
in
your
life.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解A篇)?
[小话题写作]
③只有拥有决心和奉献意识,我们才能真正成长。(2020·天津卷,书面表达)
Only
when
we and
the
awareness
of
being
devoted
can
we
really
grow
up.?
考点必记
determine
sb
against
sth使某人决定不做某事
determine+从句决定……
determine
to
do
sth决定做某事
be
determined
to
do
sth下决心做某事
be
determined
that...下决心……
determine
on决定……,对……下定决心
determination
n.决心;确定;决定
[写作佳句]
Whatever
happens,Emma
has
been
determined
to
do
whatever
she
can
to
help
the
poor.无论发生什么事,艾玛已经决定要尽己所能去帮助贫穷的人们。
6.concernvt.使忧虑,与……相关 n.担心,忧虑
[教材原句]Some
millionaires
continue
to
be
concerned
about
money
when
they
become
millionaires.(P8)
有些人成为百万富翁后还在继续为钱烦恼。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①As
far
as
victories
are
(concern),England
had
its
big
moment
in
1966
in
Wembley
Stadium.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,听力)?
②Scientists
in
Louisiana
were
so
concerned
they
decided
to
pay
hunters
$5
a
tail.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
③It
does
point
out
that
many
parents
still
limit
electronic
reading,mainly
due
to
concerns
increased
screen
time.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
[小话题写作]
④从你的来信中我知道你担心中国的餐桌礼仪。(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
From
your
letter,I’ve
known
that
Chinese
table
manners.?
考点必记
①concern
sb/sth与……有关
concern
oneself
with/in/about
sth忙于某事,关心某事
be
concerned
with
sth与某事有关,涉及某事
be
concerned
in
sth与某事有牵连,对某事负有责任
be
concerned
about/for
sth/that...担心……
as
far
as...is
concerned
就……而言
②concerned
adj.担心的,烦恼的,忧虑的
concerning
prep.关于
[写作佳句]
AsfarasI’mconcerned,Chinese
calligraphy
has
left
a
far-reaching
influence
on
Chinese
people
and
people
all
over
the
world.在我看来,中国书法对中国人民及全世界人民都产生了深远的影响。
7.awareadj.知道的,意识到的,明白的
[教材原句]“A
few
years
ago,”
says
Charles,“I
was
a
millionaire,but
was
aware
there
were
a
lot
of
hungry
people
in
the
world.”
(P8)
查尔斯说:“几年前,我曾是个百万富翁,但我意识到世界上还有许许多多忍饥挨饿的人。”
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①For
this
courier
job,you’re
consciously
aware
in
that
box
you’ve
got
something
that
is
potentially
going
to
save
somebody’s
life.?
②By
the
time
they
started
secondary
school—at
age
11—children
were
already
far
more
aware
their
image
online...(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③People
of
all
ages
happily
walk
along
the
pavement
with
eyes
and
hands
glued
to
the
mobile
phone,quite
(aware)
of
what
is
going
on
around
them.?
[小话题写作]
④通过这次活动,我们提高了珍惜农民们所生产出来的食物的意识。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
Through
the
activity,we the
food
produced
by
the
farmers.?
考点必记
①(be)
aware
of意识到……
be
aware
that...意识到……
make
sb
aware
of
sth使某人知道某事
as
far
as
I’m
aware据我所知
②unaware
adj.没有意识到的
awareness
n.意识
raise
one’s
awareness
about/of提高某人……的意识
[语境串记]
As
far
as
I’m
aware,many
young
people
are
unaware
of
the
importance
of
saving
foods
and
other
natural
resources.Therefore,what
we
should
do
now
is
that
we
should
raise
their
awareness
of
saving.
在我看来,许多年轻人没有意识到节约食物和其他自然资源的重要性。因此,我们现在应该做的就是提高他们的节约意识。
8.ashamedadj.羞耻的;惭愧的
[教材原句]Well,the
best
thing
is
to
say
that
you
haven’t
got
much
money,which
might
be
true
and
you
don’t
need
to
be
ashamed
of
that!(P10)
最好的事是说你没有多少钱,这可能是真的,你也不必为此而感到羞愧!
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①We
are
often
ashamed
our
shortcomings,our
mistakes
and
our
failures.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)?
②I
am
ashamed
(admit)
that
I’ve
never
read
any
of
his
books.?
③Performing
a
little
badly,David
felt
much
ashamed
of
(he).?
[完成句子]
④没能从他被录取的大学毕业当然使他的家庭蒙羞。
Not
being
able
to
graduate
from
what
he
had
been
admitted
of
course
his
family.?
考点必记
①be
ashamed
of因……感到羞愧
be
ashamed
that...对……感到羞愧
be
ashamed
to
do羞于做;因难为情而不愿意做
②shame
n.羞愧,羞耻
to
one’s
shame
令某人羞愧的是
It’s
a
shame
to
do
sth做某事是可耻的
bring
shame
on为……蒙羞
What
a
shame!真遗憾!
[写作佳句]
As
a
student,it’s
a
shame
to
cheat
in
whatever
test
you
have.作为一名学生无论在你参加的什么考试中作弊都是可耻的。
9.annoyvt.使……不悦,使烦恼,打搅
[教材原句]If
the
person
says
“no”,she
is
annoyed.(P10)
如果那个人拒绝,她会生气。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Don’t
openly
express
(annoy)
at
a
professor
or
class.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)?
②Bill
felt
annoyed
himself
for
his
dropping
when
he
met
with
difficulty.?
[小话题写作]
③即使我们问同一个问题好几遍,王老师也不会对我们感到厌烦。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
?
?
考点必记
①annoy
sb使某人烦恼,使某人不悦
be
annoyed
with
sb对某人生气,对某人厌烦
be
annoyed
that...烦恼……
be
annoyed
by被……惹恼
be
annoyed
at/about
sth因某事而生气
②annoyance
n.恼怒,烦恼,不高兴,使人烦恼的事
annoying
adj.使人生气或烦恼的
annoyed
adj.感到烦恼的
to
one’s
annoyance
令某人烦恼的是
[语境串记]
David
met
with
some
annoying
things
last
Friday.His
friends
cheated
him
and
he
was
annoyed
with
himself
because
he
failed
the
maths
exam
because
of
his
carelessness.Also,his
sister
asked
him
to
do
the
shopping
together
with
her,but
to
his
annoyance,she
kept
him
waiting
for
nearly
an
hour.
上周五大卫遇到了一些令他生气的事情。他的朋友们欺骗了他。他因为自己的粗心未能通过数学考试而生自己的气。另外,他的姐姐要他和她一起逛街,但令他生气的是,她让他等了近一个小时。
10.appealvi.吸引,引起兴趣;呼吁,恳求 n.请求,呼吁;上诉
[教材原句]Well,if
buying
a
bag
of
candies
or
cookies
doesn’t
appeal
to
you,how
about
buying
a
tree
instead?(P12)
你如果对买袋糖果或甜点不感兴趣,那(用这钱)买一棵树如何?
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The
book
turns
out
to
be
one
that
has
appealed
the
world
for
more
than
350
years.(2019·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②Any
given
performance
takes
a
tour
bus
full
of
artists,technical
experts,managers,musicians,or
writers
to
create
an
(appeal)
piece
of
art.(2018·江苏卷,任务型阅读)?
[完成句子]
③我演讲的目的是呼吁所有的学生行动起来,厉行节约。
?
?
考点必记
①appeal
to
sb吸引某人,呼吁某人
appeal
for
sth呼吁提供某物
appeal
to
sb
for
sth向某人呼吁提供某物
make
an
appeal
to
sb
for
sth/to
do
sth呼吁某人(做)某事
②appealing
adj.有吸引力的,恳求的
[名师点津]
appeal
to与attract意义相同,但appeal是不及物动词,必须用to才可带宾语。而appealing则和attractive意义相同。
[写作佳句]
As
a
matter
of
fact,attending
college
abroad
doesn’t
appealto
me.实际上,去国外上大学对我并没有吸引力。
11.advancevi.前进;取得进展 n.前进,进展
[教材原句]They
were
determined
to
take
the
opportunity
to
advance
across
the
river.(P13)
他们决定利用这次机会跨过那条河。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①She
decided
to
go
back
to
college
(advance)
her
career
and
to
be
able
to
better
support
her
family
while
doing
something
she
loves:nursing.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②—Next
time
you
visit
Bob,remember
to
give
him
a
call
advance.?
—Good
point.I
will.(2020·天津卷,单项填空)
③The
coming
technological
(advance)
presents
a
chance
for
cities
and
states
to
develop
transportation
systems
designed
to
move
more
people,and
more
affordably.(2018·北京卷,阅读理解D篇)?
[小话题写作]
④至于准备工作,需要事先阅读一些内容,例如《西游记》。(2018·北京卷,书面表达)
As
for
preparation, is
needed
like
JourneytotheWest.?
考点必记
①advance
sth提升……,把……提前
advance
on/towards
sb/sth朝某人/某物前进
advance
in
knowledge在知识方面先进
in
advance提前
advanced
English高级英语
advanced
technology先进的技术
②advanced
adj.先进的,高级的
advancement
n.前进;促进;进展;晋升
12.giveaway颁发(奖品);捐赠,赠送;放弃(机会等),泄露(秘密等)
[教材原句]He
made
the
choice
to
give
all
his
money
away.(P8)
他选择了把自己所有的钱财送给别人。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①For
legal
reasons,most
restaurants
have
a
policy
against
giving
food
waste.“Some
people
have
even
risked
their
jobs
by
giving
me
food,”
Dubanchet
said.(2019·浙江卷,完形填空)?
②Scientists
have
found
that
all
kinds
of
plants
give
VOCs
when
being
attacked.?
[完成句子]
③我知道你很自信,所以别放弃,你不久就会学好汉语的。
I
know
you’re
confident,so
and
you’ll
learn
Chinese
very
well
soon.?
考点必记
give
up放弃
give
off放出(气味、热、光)
give
in屈服,投降;提交(+to
sb)
give
out散发;分发,分配;发表;精疲力竭,用尽
give
way
to撤退;让步,让路;让……优先
give
back归还;恢复;反射(光、声音等)
[写作佳句]
As
long
as
you
persist,the
whole
world
will
givewayto
you.只要你坚持不懈,整个世界都会给你让路。
13.dropout(ofsth)退出,退学
[教材原句]Charles
Gray
decided
to
dropout
and
has
discovered
that
having
only
a
little
money
makes
you
free.(P8)
查尔斯·格雷决定退出,他发现仅有少量的钱财可以使人自由。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①After
class,I
learned
from
the
teacher
that
my
deskmate
(drop)
out
of
school
if
he
hadn’t
been
helped
by
others.?
②After
that,feeling
the
need
to
explore
further,I
decided
to
drop
on
one
of
ASL
club’s
meetings.?
[小话题写作]
③尽管我们都很累,但我们没有人退出。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
?
考点必记
drop
behind/back落后,后退,落在……后面
drop
by/in/round顺便访问
drop
off
(数量、兴趣等)下降;小睡;打盹儿;(让人)下车
drop
sb
a
line给某人写信
drop
in
at
a
place顺便参观某地
drop
in
on
sb非正式访问某人;顺便拜访某人
[名师点津]
drop
in
at
a
place相当于call
at
a
place,drop
in
on
sb则相当于call
on
sb。
14.tobeexact确切地说,精确地说
[教材原句]Yes,a
tree
along
the
banks
of
the
Yellow
River
tobeexact.(P12)
确切地说,一棵种在黄河岸边的树。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①首先迎接我们的是一群狗的叫声——确切地说是七条。(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)
We
were
first
greeted
with
the
barking
by
a
pack
of
dogs, .?
②老实说,尽管他的回答不完全对,但也反映出他很善于思考。
,
although
his
answer
was
not
completely
right,it
reflected
that
he
was
thoughtful.?
③坦白地说,会上几乎没有人发言来支持他的提议。
,few
people
spoke
at
the
meeting
in
support
of
his
proposal.?
④坦率地说,在场的所有学生,包括我在内,都感到非常感动和受到鼓舞。(2020·天津卷,书面表达)
,all
the
students
present,including
me,felt
greatly
moved
and
encouraged
as
well.?
考点必记
to
be
exact=exactly
speaking确切地说,精确地说
to
be
honest=honestly
speaking老实说
to
be
frank=frankly
speaking坦白地说
to
be
brief=briefly
speaking简短地说
[写作佳句]
The
professor
has
published
several
books
designed
for
parents—eighttobeexact.那位教授已经出版了好几本写给父母们阅读的书——确切地说,是八本。
15.that引导同位语从句
[教材原句]There
are
certainly
no
signs
that
Charles
was
a
rich
man!(P8)当然没有迹象表明查尔斯曾经是一个富人!
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The
beauty
of
rereading
lies
in
the
idea
our
bond
with
the
work
is
based
on
our
present
mental
register.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②Housewarming
parties
get
their
name
from
the
fact
a
long
time
ago
people
would
actually
bring
firewood
to
a
new
home
as
a
gift.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,七选五)?
③Dutkiewicz
said,“but
the
change
in
the
colour
of
the
ocean
will
be
one
of
the
early
warning
signals
we
really
have
changed
our
planet.”(2019·北京卷,阅读理解D篇)?
[小话题写作]
④尽管吴老师相貌平平,对我们学生来说他如此吸引人,是因为这一事实:他始终以独特的方法使自己的课生动有趣。
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
Ordinary-looking
as
Mr.Wu
is,he
is
so
attractive
to
us
students
due
to
the
fact
he
always
has
a
unique
approach
to
making
his
lessons
vivid
and
appealing.?
考点必记
句中的that
用以引导一个同位语从句,解释前面的名词signs的具体内容。
[名师点津]
①在news,information,fact,word
(消息),idea,advice,promise,chance,possibility,belief,evidence,fact,truth等名词后常可跟同位语从句,用以解释前面名词的内容。
②that引导同位语从句时,that在同位语从句中不充当任何成分,但that不可省略。
[写作佳句]
We
got
to
know
the
news
through
the
Internet
that
the
AI
made
in
China
had
won
first
prize.我们从网络上获得消息,那台中国制造的人工智能获得了一等奖。
16.形容词比较级前的修饰语
[教材原句]No,I’m
much
happier
now.(P8)不,我现在快乐得多。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Tomorrow’s
going
to
be
tough,much
(tough)
than
today.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,听力)?
[小话题写作]
②此外,你应该记住,你赞美的质量比赞美的数量更重要。(2019·浙江卷,概要写作)
In
addition,the
quality
of
your
praise
is
the
quantity,which
you
should
bear
in
mind.?
考点必记
此处隐含现在比以前快乐很多的意味,故用比较级;句中的much修饰happier,表示程度。
在形容词、副词比较级前常用much,far,a
little,a
lot,even,rather,a
bit,slightly等修饰,但不可用quite,very等修饰。
[写作佳句]
To
me
at
that
moment,it
was
happy
to
watch
TV
alone
at
home,but
it
was
still
happier
to
be
accompanied
by
my
dearest
father.对当时的我而言,一个人在家看电视很高兴,但有我最亲爱的爸爸陪伴着更为高兴。
17.两种使用最高级的句型
[教材原句]Every
year,approximately
1.6
billion
tons
of
soil
flows
into
the
Yellow
River,China’s
second
longest
river.(P12)每年,大约有十六亿吨的土壤注入中国第二大河流,黄河。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①The
event
celebrates
its
22nd
anniversary
with
a
great
show
of
the
very
best
of
gardening,making
it
one
of
(popular)
events
in
gardening.?
②As
we
all
know,Mount
Kenya
is
Africa’s
second
(high)
mountain.?
[完成句子]
③如你所知,我和我的同学们改编了威廉·莎士比亚写的短剧《哈姆雷特》。这是我们教科书中最经典的作品之一。
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
As
you
know,my
classmates
and
I
have
adapted
the
short
play
Hamlet
written
by
William
Shakespeare.It’s
things
in
our
textbook.?
考点必记
①表示在一定范围内的“第几……”用最高级表示。
②表示“最……之一”的概念常用“one
of
the+最高级+复数名词”。
[名师点津]
序数词前一般应用定冠词the,但如果其前已经有了形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等限定词,则不可再用the。[写作佳句]
The
Changjiang
River,the
world’s
thirdlongest
river,plays
a
very
important
role
in
Chinese
history.世界第三长河——长江在中国历史上起着重要的作用。
18.if...省略句型
[教材原句]Ifso,it
is
time
for
you
to
think
again.(P12)如果这样的话,你需要再考虑一下了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Has
it
been
a
while
since
your
last
visit
to
a
public
library?If
,you
may
be
surprised
to
learn
that
libraries
have
changed
for
the
better.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)?
②All
the
work
must
be
finished
today.If ,we
may
be
punished.?
[小话题写作]
③我们想知道星期天早上你是否有空,如果有空,大约九点我们可以在人民公园会合。(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
We
wonder
if
you
are
available
this
Sunday
morning. ,we
can
get
together
at
the
People’s
Park
around
9
o’clock.?
考点必记
句中if
so意为“如果这样的话”,是一个省略句。
[名师点津]
由if构成的省略句还常见以下几种:
①if
not“如果不的话”
②if
ever“如果曾有过的话”
③if
necessary“如果必要的话”
④if
possible“如果可能的话”
⑤if
any“如果有些的话”
⑥if
anything“要有什么不同的话”
19.“no+比较级+than...”句型
[教材原句]It
is
nobiggerthan
a
credit
card!(P14)它就像一张信用卡那么大!
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①However
you
start,remember
there
is
no
(good)
time
to
start
than
right
now...(2020·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)?
[完成句子]
②他们城里的公园不比我们城里的公园大。
The
park
in
their
city
is
.?
③关于物质世界的测试,孩子们和黑猩猩一样做得不好。
The
children
did
the
chimps
on
the
physical
world
tests.?
考点必记
①“no+比较级+than...”表示“和……一样不……”,相当于“as+该形容词的反义词原级+as...”;
②注意比较:“not+比较级+than...”表示“不比……”。
[写作佳句]
My
pet
dog
is
nomoreannoyingthan
my
pet
parrot.我的宠物狗不比我的宠物鹦鹉令人烦。
随堂巩固迁移运用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Well,I
think
you
showed
great
(determine)
today.Good
luck
for
tomorrow,and
thanks
for
speaking
to
us.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,听力)?
2.China
first
had
to
put
a
satellite
in
orbit
above
the
moon
in
a
spot
it
could
send
signals
to
the
spacecraft
and
to
Earth.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)?
3.Jennifer
Mauer
has
needed
more
willpower
than
the
typical
college
student
to
pursue
her
goal
of
(earn)
a
nursing
degree.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
4.For
people
who
are
interested
in
sound,the
field
of
sound
technology
is
(definite)
making
noise.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)?
5.As
the
author
explains,this
is
a
travel
nor
a
history
book,or
even
a
piece
of
reportage.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
6.Bacteria
are
an
(annoy)
problem
for
astronauts.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
7. (motivate)
and
goal
setting
are
the
two
sides
of
the
same
coin.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)?
8.Hi,Mark.I’ve
decided
to
leave
the
company.I
had
amazing
time
here,but
it
is
time
for
me
to
move
on.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,听力)?
9.A
lot
of
business
is
still
done
over
the
phone,and
much
of
it
is
based
on
trust
and
(exist)
relationships.(2019·北京卷,阅读理解C篇)?
10.There
are
lots
of
ways
to
raise
(aware)
for
a
cause.(2019·浙江卷,完形填空)?
Ⅱ.选词填空
determine,bargain,dormitory,gadget,diamond
Maria
who
is
now
studying
in
a
senior
high
likes
to
buy
things
in
the
market
where
goods
are
not
only
very
cheat
but
she
can
also
1.
with
the
sellers.Last
weekend,she
bought
a
2.
there
at
a
very
low
price.It’s
very
beautiful
with
a
star
that
looks
like
a
3. .She
hangs
it
in
her
4.
and
it
appeals
to
her
roommate
who
also
5.
to
buy
one.?
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容
Almost
every
student
can
get
allowances
from
their
parents
but
they
spend
the
money
on
different
things.Some
hardworking
students
use
it
to
buy
practical
things,such
as
books
and
pens.Others
buy
enjoyable
things
like
snacks
and
CDs.1. (但他们中有一些把钱花在玩电脑游戏上,这已经引起了极大的关注).2.
(依我看,以正确的方式花钱很重要).3. (我们的父母通过他们的努力劳动赚钱,所以如果我们不意识到这个事实,我们应该为自己感到羞愧).What
is
more,spending
money
wisely
can
help
us
learn
how
to
manage
money
in
the
future.How
about
setting
aside
some
of
it?4. (如果是这样的话,我们可以帮着减轻父母的压力).Another
good
choice
is
to
give
some
money
away
so
that
it
can
help
those
in
need.?
必修4 Unit10 Money
核心考点·课堂突破
1.①motivation ②yourself ③motivated ④that
motivated
me
to
try
2.①existing ②existed ③existence ④There
exists
a
phenomenon
that
3.①were
defeated ②defeated ③beaten ④to
win
4.①to
earn ②a
5.①to
do ②determination ③have
determination
6.①concerned ②that ③about ④you
are
concerned
about
7.①that ②of ③unaware ④raised
our
awareness
of
treasuring
8.①of ②to
admit ③himself ④brought
shame
on
9.①annoyance ②with ③Mr.Wang
never
feels
annoyed
with
us
even
if
we
ask
the
same
question
several
times.
10.①to ②appealing ③The
purpose
of
my
speech
is
appealing
to
all
the
students
to
take
action
to
practice
a
strict
economy.
11.①to
advance ②in ③advancement ④some
reading
in
advance
12.①away ②out ③never
give
up
13.①would
have
dropped ②in ③Tired
as
all
of
us
were,none
of
us
dropped
out.
14.①seven
to
be
exact ②To
be
honest ③To
be
frank ④To
be
frank
15.①that ②that ③that ④that
16.①tougher ②more
significant
than
17.①the
most
popular ②highest ③one
of
the
most
classical
18.①so ②not ③If
so
19.①better ②not
bigger
than
that
in
ours ③no
better
than
随堂巩固·迁移运用
Ⅰ.1.determination 2.where 3.earning 4.definitely 5.neither 6.annoying 7.Motivation 8.an 9.existing 10.awareness
Ⅱ.1.bargain 2.gadget 3.diamond 4.dormitory 5.determines
Ⅲ.1.But
a
few
of
them
spend
the
money
in
playing
computer
games,which
has
caused
great
concern
2.From
my
point
of
view,it’s
of
great
importance
to
spend
our
allowances
in
the
right
way
3.Our
parents
earn
money
through
their
hard
work,so
we
should
be
ashamed
of
ourselves
if
we
are
not
aware
of
the
fact
4.If
so,we
can
help
remove
some
pressure
from
our
parents
PAGEUnit11 TheMedia
(主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会与文化)
核心考点课堂突破
1.demandvt.要求,请求 n.需要,需求
[教材原句]Reforms
have
been
demanded
by
people
from
all
over
the
world.(P22)
全世界的人们都要求改革。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①So
instead
of
eating
a
piece
of
yesterday’s
bread
from
the
supermarket,you’d
eat
something
baked
just
for
you
demand.(2018·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)?
②In
America
the
demand
oil
has
grown
by
22
percent
since
1990.(2018·浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)?
③I
guess
that
there’s
probably
some
(demand)
work
schedule,or
social
anxiety
around
stepping
up
to
help
for
an
unknown
sport.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
[完成句子]
④无论什么时候我们需要,你总是第一个出现。(2019·浙江卷,书面表达)
Whenever
we ,you
are
always
the
first
to
turn
up.?
考点必记
①demand
to
do
sth要求做某事
demand
that...要求……
in
demand有需要,受欢迎
on
demand一经要求
make
demands
on/of对……提出要求
demand
for需要……
②demanding
adj.要求高的
[写作佳句]
The
government
demanded
to
take
immediate
action
to
stop
the
rainforest
fires.政府要求立即采取行动以停止雨林的大火。
2.announcevt.宣布,宣告
[教材原句]At
12:45
UK
time
today,the
name
of
the
host
city
for
the
2012
Olympic
Games
was
being
announced
by
the
International
Olympics
Committee
(IOC)
in
Singapore.It
was
London.(P23)
在今天英国时间12:45,国际奥委会在新加坡宣布了2012年奥林匹克运动会主办城市的名字——伦敦。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Encourage
readers
to
use
the
library.Share
library
(announce)
on
your
social
media.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②He
said
the
lucky
woman
(announce)
on
the
website
and
the
trip
will
be
shared
online.?
③She
announced
her
family
of
four,“That’s
what
we’re
going
to
do
for
our
spring
break!”?
考点必记
①announce
sth(to
sb)(向某人)宣布某事
announce
that...宣布……
②announcement
n.宣布,公告,告知,声明
announcer
n.宣布者,播音员
[词汇辨析]
①announce指正式地“公开,发表,宣布”,侧重“预告”人们所关心和感兴趣的事情,尤指新闻之类的消息。
②declare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布,宣告,声明”,侧重“公开”发表,多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。declare后可跟复合结构。
3.evidencen.证据,证明
[教材原句]No
one
has
yet
discovered
who
is
responsible
for
the
incidents
but
police
are
already
collecting
evidence.(P23)
目前还没有人发现谁应对这些事件负责,但警方已经在收集证据。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Scientists
have
obtained
more
evidence
plastic
is
finding
its
way
into
the
human
body.(2019·江苏卷,单项填空)?
②Some
projects
whose
bad
influences
on
our
society
are
(evidence)
will
be
cancelled.?
[小话题写作]
③很明显参加仪式的所有学生都被深深地打动了,也受到极大鼓舞。(2020·天津卷,书面表达)
all
the
students
who
attended
the
ceremony
were
deeply
moved
and
inspired
as
well.?
考点必记
①clear/strong/good
evidence
清晰的/强有力的/好的证据
evidence
to
do做……的根据
evidence
that...……的证据
②evident
adj.明显的,显然的
It’s
evident
that...……是很明显的
[名师点津]
evidence后常用that引导的同位语从句,对evidence的内容加以解释。
4.arisevi.发生,出现;起身,起立
[教材原句]Could
you
tell
us
how
the
problem
arose?(P24)
你能告诉我们这一问题是怎么出现的吗?
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Can
we
begin
by
discussing
matters
arising
the
last
meeting??
[用arise,arouse,rise或raise的恰当形式填空]
②Several
new
companies
in
our
village
last
year.?
③Many
people
are
watching
the
soldiers
the
national
flag.?
④He
fell
into
a
sound
sleep.Don’t
him.?
⑤Standing
on
the
hill,we
saw
smoke
down
in
the
village.?
考点必记
sth
arises出现了某事
arise
from/out
of由……产生
[词汇辨析]
arise
(arose,arisen,arising)
vi.出现;发生;起因于
arouse
(aroused,aroused,arousing)
vt.唤醒;激起
rise
(rose,risen,rising)
vi.升起;起身;增长;上升
raise
(raised,raised,raising)
vt.举起;唤起;提高;饲养;筹款;招兵
5.employvt.雇用;聘请;使忙于;使从事于
[教材原句]The
paparazzi
are
self-employed
photographers.(P24)
狗仔队是自我经营的摄影师。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①If
you
are
a
teenager
living
in
certain
parts
of
the
province,you
could
be
eligible(符合条件)
for
this
program,which
provides
eight
weeks
of
paid
(employ)
along
with
training.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解A篇)?
②Modern
methods
of
tracking
polar
bear
populations
(employ)
only
since
the
mid-1980s...(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)?
③According
to
the
Dallas
Area
Cultural
Advocacy
Coalition,arts
agencies
employ
more
than
10,000
people
as
full-or
part-time
(employ)
or
independent
contractors.(2018·江苏卷,任务型阅读)?
[小话题写作]
④在农场的五个小时中,我们忙于采摘西瓜。
(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
During
the
five
hours
on
the
farm,we
watermelons.?
考点必记
①employ
sb
in
doing
sth=employ
sb
to
do
sth雇用某人做某事……
employ
sb
as雇用某人为……
employ
sth
to
do
sth利用某物做某事
employ
oneself
in(doing)sth从事于/忙于(做)某事
be
employed
in(doing)sth从事于/忙于(做)某事
be
employed
to
do
sth受雇做某事
②employer
n.雇主
employee
n.雇员
unemployed
adj.失业的
employment
n.雇用
unemployment
n.失业
[写作佳句]
A
baby-sitter
has
been
employed
to
do
the
housework
and
look
after
the
baby.已雇用一位保姆做家务,照看孩子。
6.blamevt.责怪,谴责,归咎于 n.责任;责备
[教材原句]The
media
is
often
blamed
for
encouraging
the
paparazzi.(P24)
媒体经常因鼓励狗仔队而受到指责。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①You
should
not
blame
others
what
is
your
own
fault.?
②Some
social
app
companies
were
(blame)
because
they
didn’t
adequately
check
their
users’
registration.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③Many
times
it’s
our
parents
who
we
take
the
blame
what
otherwise
should
be
taken
by
ourselves.?
[完成句子]
④校长致辞提醒我们应该与自然和谐相处,否则我们的不良行为将受到指责。
(2020·天津卷,书面表达)
Our
headmaster
delivered
a
speech
which
reminded
us
that
we
should
live
with
nature
harmoniously
or
we’ll
our
bad
behaviour.?
考点必记
blame
sb
for
sth/doing
sth因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
be
to
blame(for)应(为……)承担责任;该(为……)受责备(此处不能用被动语态)
blame
sth
on
sb把某事归咎于某人
put/lay
the
blame
for
sth
on
sb将某事归咎于某人
accept/bear/take
the
blame
for
sth对某事负责任
[写作佳句]
The
shepherd
should
taketheblamefor
destroying
the
crops.牧羊人应该为毁掉庄稼承担责任。
7.attemptvt.&n.尝试,试图
[教材原句]But
sometimes,the
paparazzi
go
too
far
in
their
attempt
to
get
the
best
photographs.(P24)
但有时候,狗仔队在尝试获得最佳照片方面太过分了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Every
year
about
40,000
people
attempt
(climb)
Kilimanjaro,the
highest
mountain
in
Africa.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)?
②But
our
insisting
it’s
merely
a
window
has
kept
them
from
(attempt)
millions
of
requests
to
open
the
door.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)?
③The
boy
wore
a
mask
an
attempt
to
frighten
the
dog
away.?
[小话题写作]
④这些天,我和我的同学们正在努力工作,试图创作一部短剧。(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
These
days
my
classmates
and
I
are
working
hard
a
short
play.?
考点必记
①attempt
sth尝试某事
attempt
to
do
sth试图做某事
make
an(no)
attempt
to
do/at
doing
sth(不)尝试做某事
in
an
attempt
to
do
sth试图做某事
at
the
first
attempt第一次尝试
②attempted
adj.未遂的,企图的
[写作佳句]
My
sister
goes
on
a
healthy
diet
and
keeps
regular
exercise
inanattemptto
lose
weight.我姐姐进行健康饮食,坚持有规律的锻炼,试图减肥。
8.defendvt.保卫,防御;辩解,辩护
[教材原句]But
I
know
there
are
people
who
defend
the
paparazzi.(P24)
但我知道有人为狗仔队辩护。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①She
realized
she
looked
like
a
child,with
her
tiny
figure.“Small
does
not
mean
weak,sir,”she
(defend)
herself.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②They
help
the
body
defend
itself
some
kinds
of
infections.?
③You
are
said
to
have
shot
flaming
arrows
at
the
city’s
(defend)
building,setting
it
on
fire.(2018·上海卷,听力)
?
考点必记
①defend
sb/sth保护某人/某物
defend
against/from保卫;抵抗
②defence
n.防卫,防卫设备,辩护
defensive
adj.防御的,防卫的
in
defence
of保卫……;为……辩护
[写作佳句]
There
is
no
man
who
is
unwilling
to
fight
indefenceof
his
country.没有人不愿为保卫自己的国家而战。
9.pretendvt.假装;装作
[教材原句]Pretending
to
be
a
repair
man
to
get
into
the
house
of
a
film
star
and
take
pictures
of
her
daily
life.(P24)
假装是一名修理工进入一位电影明星的家,拍摄她的日常生活照片。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①So
I
carried
around
a
book,and
each
night,just
to
be
like
her,I
would
pretend
(read).(2019·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②I
had
been
lying
to
myself,
(pretend)
that
everything
was
fine.?
[完成句子]
③那个可怜的父亲假称已经吃过苹果了,但实际上他并没有吃。
The
poor
father an
apple,but
in
practice
he
didn’t.?
考点必记
pretend
to
do
sth假装做某事
pretend
to
be
doing
sth假装正在做某事
pretend
to
have
done
sth假装已经做了某事
pretend
that...假称……
pretend
to
be...假称是……
[名师点津]
pretend后需用动词不定式或宾语从句结构,而不可用动词-ing形式,且在其后用动词不定式时,应根据其发生情况而使用不同的形式。
10.respectvt.尊敬,尊重 n.尊敬,敬重;敬意;方面
[教材原句]The
media
should
respect
famous
people’s
privacy.(P25)
媒体应该尊重名人的隐私。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Let
them
know
that
you
are
there
to
help
in
any
way
that
is
acceptable,while
still
(respect)
the
privacy
of
your
neighbor.(2018·浙江卷,七选五)?
②I
want
to
prove
that
I
can
teach
myself
a
(respect)
profession,without
going
to
college.?
③We
were
(respect)
of
craft
(技艺)
and
focused
on
digging
into
the
characters
we
were
going
to
play.?
考点必记
①respect
sb
for
(doing)
sth因(做)某事而尊重某人
show
respect
for
sb对某人表示尊敬
with
respect
to关于,至于;就……而言
with
respect尊重地
win/earn
the
respect
of
sb赢得某人的尊重
in
respect
of在……方面
in
this
respect在这方面
②respectful
adj.尊敬的;有礼貌的;谦恭的
respective
adj.分别的;各自的
respectable
adj.值得尊敬的
disrespectful
adj.无礼的,不敬重的
[名师点津]
表示“在……方面”常用:in
respect
of,in
the
aspect
of,in
terms
of,in
regard
to等。
11.approachv.靠近,接近;着手处理,对付 n.方法,方式;靠近;道路,入口
[教材原句]For
many
of
today’s
advertisers,repeating
old
ideas
is
not
a
successful
approach.(P26)
对当今很多广告设计者来说,重复旧的理念已不是有效的方法。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①If
a
child
(approach)
him,he
will
pause
to
give
that
child
his
undivided
attention.(2019·天津卷,阅读表达)?
② (approach)
the
vehicle,they
saw
that
a
woman
was
trying
to
get
out
of
the
broken
window.?
③Since
the
new
approach
to
(teach)
language
was
adopted,our
English
classes
have
been
more
and
more
interesting.?
[小话题写作]
④随着他们的兴趣被激起,我随后开始教他们泡茶的方法。(2018·北京卷,书面表达)
With
their
interest
greatly
sparked,I
then
began
to
teach
them tea.?
考点必记
at
the
approach
of在……即将来临时
make
an
approach
to对……进行探讨;走近……,向……靠近
approach
to
(doing)
sth接近;……的方法
[名师点津]
①approach作动词表示“靠近”时常为及物动词,后可直接带宾语;
②approach作名词表示“方法”时,后常用介词to,表示“……的方法”,to后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式;
③注意比较:the
way
of
doing,the
method
of/for
(doing)
sth,the
means
of
(doing)
sth。
12.considerationn.考虑;(做计划或决定时)必须考虑的事;考虑周到,体谅,顾及
[教材原句]We
have
always
tried
to
keep
bad
language
away
from
innocent
ears
and
this
is
a
very
important
consideration
when
deciding
at
what
times
of
day
certain
programmes
are
shown.(P28)
我们一直努力使天真的儿童远离不良语言,在决定每天什么时候播放某些节目时,这是一个非常重要的考虑因素。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①The
President
seemed
(consider)
her
idea
seriously.He
got
up
and
shook
Vinnie’s
hand
warmly.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②A
large
quantity
of
users
always
take
fuel
consumption
into
(consider)
when
buying
a
car.?
③Being
a
good
neighbor
is
more
or
less
about
(consider)
behavior.(2018·浙江卷,七选五)?
[完成句子]
④另外,考虑到你工作日很忙,你方便我们星期六下午在演讲厅见面吗?(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
Additionally, on
weekdays,would
it
be
convenient
for
you
if
we
meet
on
Saturday
afternoon
in
the
lecture
hall??
考点必记
①out
of
consideration
for...出于对……的考虑
under
consideration在考虑中
take...into
consideration考虑……
②consider
v.考虑;认为
considerate
adj.体贴的;考虑周到的
considerable
adj.相当大的,值得考虑的
consider
doing
sth考虑做某事
consider
it
necessary/important/...to
do
sth认为做……是必要的/重要的/……
[写作佳句]
To
meet
the
students’
reading
demands,the
school
considers
building
a
new
library.为了满足学生读书的需要,学校考虑建一座新的图书馆。
13.concludevt.做出结论;结束;结束时说
[教材原句]Leeds
University
concluded
that
people
made
a
distinction
between
bad
language
used
in
programmes
for
adults,and
those
meant
for
children.(P28)
利兹大学得出结论,人们对成年人节目和儿童节目中使用的不良语言是有区分的。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①They
conclude
when
task
interdependence
is
high,team
performance
will
suffer
when
there
is
too
much
talent...(2019·北京卷,七选五)?
②It
can
(conclude)
that
restaurant
keepers
need
not
“be
overly
concerned
about
‘bad’
tables”.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解B篇)?
[小话题写作]
③总之,我完全相信,我可以了解他们的生活方式,并向他们传达广泛而深刻的中国文化。(2018·浙江卷,书面表达)
,I’m
fully
convinced
that
I
can
learn
more
about
their
lifestyles
and
convey
to
them
the
extensive
and
profound
Chinese
culture.?
考点必记
①conclude
sth
with
sth以……结束……
conclude
from
sth
that...从……中得出/推断出……
②conclusion
n.结论,断案,结尾
draw/come
to/arrive
at/reach
a
conclusion得出结论
in
conclusion最后,总之
[写作佳句]
We
can
safely
drawtheconclusion
that
the
harder
you
are,the
luckier
you
will
be.我们能很有把握得出结论:越努力,越幸运。
14.standfor代表,支持,忍受(某事情)
[教材原句]What
does
“G8”standfor?(P22)
“G8”代表什么呢?
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①在中国,这些中国结代表着友谊、爱和好运。
In
China,these
Chinese
knots
friendship,love
and
good
luck.?
②一名学生的一张卡片对他来说特别突出,上面写着:“Haze先生,你是我的阳光。”(2019·天津卷,阅读表达)
One
card
from
a
student
.It
read:“Mr.Haze,you
are
my
sunshine.”?
[小话题写作]
③由于我们学校非常重视这场比赛,所以我相信我们一定会脱颖而出。(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
?
?
考点必记
stand
in
(for
sb)代替;顶替(某人)
stand
by支持;袖手旁观;遵守(诺言等)
stand
out突出;显眼
stand
over
sb监视某人
stand
up
to
sb勇敢地反对某人
stand
up
for坚持;拥护;支持;捍卫
[名师点津]
stand
by带有宾语时表示“支持某人”,而当其不带宾语时则表示“袖手旁观”。
15.infavourof支持,赞同
[教材原句]Since
then,the
law
and
the
public
opinion
have
been
less
infavourof
the
paparazzi
and
their
job.(P24)从那时起,法律和公众舆论就很少支持狗仔队及其工作。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Could
you
do
me
favour
and
tell
Kelly
that
I
can’t
accompany
her
on
violin??
[完成句子]
②会上大多数人都支持对法律进行改革。
The
majority
of
the
people
at
the
meeting
were
the
reform
in
the
law.?
③我赞成学生在下个月接待英国学生时穿中国传统服装的观点。(2019·江苏卷,书面表达)
I the
opinion
that
students
wear
traditional
Chinese
clothes
when
receiving
the
British
students
next
month.?
考点必记
in
one’s
favour有利于某人
do
sb
a
favour=do
a
favour
for
sb帮某人的忙
ask
a
favour
of
sb请某人帮个忙
owe
sb
a
favour欠某人一个人情
[名师点津]
表示“支持某人”的结构还有:be
for
sb,agree
with
sb,support
sb,be
in
support
of
sb等。
16.consistof由……组成
[教材原句]Some
advertisements
consistof
pictures
or
the
words
of
experts
to
show
people
how
good
the
products
are.(P26)有些广告含有一些图片或专家说的话,告诉人们该产品如何好。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Most
are
also
equipped
with
automatic
fire
alarm
systems
(consist)
of
heat
detectors,smoke
detectors
and
sprinklers.(2018·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)?
[完成句子]
②例如,大多数食物网由许多薄弱环节而不是一些牢固的环节所组成。
Most
food
webs,for
instance, many
weak
links
rather
than
a
few
strong
ones.(2019·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)?
考点必记
①consist
of由……组成
consist
in=lie
in存在于,在于
②consistent
adj.一致的;持续的
be
consistent
with与……一致
be
consistent
in在……方面一致
[名师点津]
consist
of=be
made
up
of=be
composed
of,注意:consist
of没有被动语态,应用主动表示被动意义,在句中也不用其过去分词形式做定语或状语。
[写作佳句]
Success
consistsin
the
ability
to
continue
efforts
through
failures.成功在于经过失败继续努力的能力。
17.“of+抽象名词”结构
[教材原句]AIDS
is
another
problem
ofgreatconcern
so
sex
education
and
health
care
administration
are
extremely
important.(P22)艾滋病是另一个深受关注的问题,所以性教育和保健管理非常重要。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The
far
side
of
the
moon
is
particular
interest
to
scientists
because
it
has
a
lot
of
deep
craters(环形山).(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)?
②Yellowstone
obviously
was
this
second
type,but
Christiansen
couldn’t
find
the
caldera
anywhere.(2019·江苏卷,阅读理解B篇)?
[小话题写作]
③你给我们提供的关于英语学习的建议十分有帮助。
(2019·浙江卷,书面表达)
The
advice
you
provide
to
us
on
English
study
is
.?
考点必记
①“of+抽象名词”相当于一个和该名词对应的形容词。有类似用法的有:of
importance=important;of
value=valuable;of
no
use=useless;of
significance=significant;of
benefit=beneficial等。
②该结构在句中常做表语、定语或宾语补足语,说明事物的性质或状态。
③此结构还常用于:of
(+different,the
same,similar等)+名词(colour,kind,type,sort,shape,size,age,date,width,depth,weight,height,length,quality,character,feature等)。
18.that引导表语从句
[教材原句]Their
belief
is
that
this
is
the
only
way
for
many
of
these
nations
to
escape
their
painful
pasts.(P22)人们坚信,这是使许多非洲国家摆脱痛苦的过去的唯一出路。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The
good
news
is
it’s
simple
to
learn
and
can
be
worth
the
effort.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空)?
②The
first
unique
human
characteristic
is
humans
have
extraordinarily
large
brains
compared
with
other
animals.(2019·江苏卷,任务型阅读)?
③And
the
other
was
I
wanted
to
help
people
in
need.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,短文改错)?
[小话题写作]
④通过这次活动,我感到自己能够承担责任,使我们变得更强大,更坚定。(2020·天津卷,书面表达)
Through
the
activity,what
I
felt
is and
make
us
stronger
and
more
determined.?
考点必记
Their
belief
is
that...“他们的信念是……”,其中that引导的是一个表语从句。
[名师点津]
①表语从句可以由多个关系词引导,如whether,how,why,when,where,that,what,because,as
if等,除了that外,其他的关系词在从句中都有一定的意义。
②引导表语从句时that在从句中不表示任何意思,但也不可省略。
19.主动形式表示被动含义的短语
[教材原句]Some
advertisements
consistof
pictures
or
the
words
of
experts
to
show
people
how
good
the
products
are.(P26)有些广告中含有一些图片或专家说的话,告诉人们该产品如何好。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①她有着心理韧性,这并非偶然发生的。
She
has
a
mental
toughness
that
by
chance.?
②学生们感觉到他们属于一个特定的群体。(2019·浙江卷,语法填空)
The
students
feel
that
they
a
particular
group.?
③战争爆发时她的朋友们来帮助了她。
Her
friends
came
to
help
her
when
the
war
.?
考点必记
consist
of在句中用主动结构表示被动含义。下面的短语也常用主动表示被动意义:
break
out爆发
date
back
to=date
from追溯到……
run
out用完 come
out出版
take
place发生 get
across
to被……理解
come
about发生 come
into
being形成
come
true实现 belong
to属于
20.doeverythingsbcan句型
[教材原句]We
should
doeverythingwecan
to
stop
this
airport.(P30)我们应该尽一切所能来阻止这个机场。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①每个人都应竭尽所能保护环境。
Everybody
should
do
the
environment.?
②医生们竭尽所能挽救那个女孩。
The
doctors
did
the
girl.?
③我们竭尽所能帮助那些外国学生了解中国茶文化。(2018·北京卷,书面表达)
We to
help
the
foreign
students
to
understand
Chinese
tea
culture.?
考点必记
①we
should
do
everything
we
can
to
do...表示“我们应该尽力做……来……”。句中we
can是一个定语从句,修饰everything,引导词that省略了,而定语从句中省去了动词do。
②该句式也可改为We
should
do
what
we
can
to
do...
[写作佳句]
It’s
everyone’s
duty
to
doeverythinghecan
to
prevent
the
endangered
species
from
dying
out.
每个人都有责任尽一切努力防止濒危物种灭绝。
随堂巩固迁移运用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Like
running,race
walking
is
physically
(demand),she
says.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
2.It
seemed
an
unending
journey,but
even
as
a
six-year-old
girl
I
realized
that
knowing
how
(read)
could
open
many
doors.(2019·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)?
3.Making
a
full-length
clay(黏土)
figure
would
not
exhaust
my
strength—and
that
is
I
intend
to
do!(2020·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)?
4.While
football
has
never
been
something
I
am
particularly
interested
in,for
years,I’ve
had
to
pretend
(excite)
and
pick
a
team
to
support.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,听力)?
5.It’s
true, (old)
I
get,the
more
I
feel
time
has
wings.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
6.When
he
brings
his
speech
to
a
nice
(conclude),Whaley
invites
the
rest
of
the
class
to
praise
him.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
7.We
are
not
saying
that
everyone
needs
(contribute)
their
lives
to
the
poor.?
8.While
they
are
rare
north
of
88°,there
is
evidence
they
range
all
the
way
across
the
Arctic,and
as
far
south
as
James
Bay
in
Canada.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)?
9.Men
and
women
must
be
treated
equally
in
education
and
(employ).?
Ⅱ.选词填空
argument,explanations,consideration,interrupting,respect
1.
others
is
not
only
impolite
but
may
also
cause
2. .Therefore,when
someone
is
talking,we’d
better
listen
to
him
or
her
quietly,showing
our
3..Before
cutting
in,we
should
take
it
into
4.
whether
it’s
needed.Of
course,making
necessary
5.
contribute
to
avoiding
being
harmful
to
both.?
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容
With
the
rapid
development
of
science
and
technology,various
kinds
of
media
have
been
well
developed.1. (因此,越来越多的人喜欢借助诸如报纸、电视及网络等媒体的帮助来购物).2. (通过媒体购物一方面可以帮助节省时间和金钱,因为你不必亲自去商店).Besides,you
can
choose
what
you
want
from
an
enormous
variety
of
goods
on
display.3. (另一方面,你有时可能会受到虚假信息的欺骗而承受损失).As
far
as
I
am
concerned,shopping
via
media
brings
great
benefit
to
our
life
and
our
economy
on
the
whole.4. (只要我们恰当地使用媒体,我们就能享受其极大的便利).?
Unit11 TheMedia
核心考点·课堂突破
1.①on ②for ③demanding ④are
in
demand
2.①announcements ②will
be
announced ③to
3.①that ②evident ③It
is
evident
that
4.①from ②arose ③raising ④arouse ⑤rising
5.①employment ②have
been
employed ③employees ④employed
ourselves
in
picking
6.①for ②to
blame ③for ④be
blamed
for
7.①to
climb ②attempting ③in ④in
an
attempt
to
create
8.①defended ②against/from ③defensive
9.①to
be
reading ②pretending ③pretended
to
have
had
10.①respecting ②respectful ③respectful
11.①approaches ②Approaching ③teaching ④the
approach
to
making
12.①to
consider ②consideration ③considerate ④considering
you
are
busy
13.①that ②be
concluded ③To
conclude/In
conclusion
14.①stand
for ②stood
out
to
him ③Since
our
school
attaches
great
importance
to
this
game,I
believe
we’ll
stand
out.
15.①a ②in
favour
of ③am
in
favour
of
16.①consisting ②consist
of
17.①of ②of ③of
great
help
18.①that ②that ③that ④that
I
am
able
to
shoulder
the
responsibility
19.①didn’t
come
about ②belong
to ③broke
out
20.①everything/what
he
can
to
protect ②what
they
could
to
save ③did
what
we
could
随堂巩固·迁移运用
Ⅰ.1.demanding 2.to
read 3.what 4.excitement 5.the
older
6.conclusion 7.to
contribute 8.that 9.employment
Ⅱ.1.Interrupting 2.argument 3.respect 4.consideration
5.explanations
Ⅲ.1.As
a
result,an
increasing
number
of
people
are
fond
of
purchasing
goods
with
the
help
of
media,such
as
newspapers,TV
and
the
Internet
2.Shopping
via
media,on
the
one
hand,can
help
save
time
and
money
since
you
do
not
have
to
go
to
the
shops
in
person
3.On
the
other
hand,you
may
be
cheated
sometimes
by
the
false
information
and
suffer
a
possible
loss
4.As
long
as
we
use
media
properly,we
can
enjoy
its
great
convenience
PAGEUnit12 CultureShock
(主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会与文化)
核心考点课堂突破
1.absorbvt.吸收;吸引;使专心
[教材原句]I’ve
just
been
so
busy
studying
and
trying
to
absorb
all
the
new
things
around
me—I
think
I’m
still
experiencing
culture
shock.(P36)
我一直忙于学习,努力了解身边所有的新事物——我觉得自己还在体会文化冲击。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①
(absorb)
in
an
interesting
and
instructive
book,Ann
forgot
to
eat
her
lunch.?
②These
kids
are
so
absorbed
their
studies
that
I
just
sit
back.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③Vitamin
D
is
necessary
to
aid
the
(absorb)
of
calcium
from
food.?
[完成句子]
④外国学生全神贯注于我的每一个动作,再次被这种独特的文化所震惊。
every
move
of
mine,the
foreign
students
were
once
again
amazed
by
this
unique
culture.?
考点必记
①absorb
sth吸收某物,理解
be/become
absorbed
in专心致志于;全神贯注于……
absorb
one’s
attention吸引某人的注意力
②absorption
n.专心,热衷,吸收
[写作佳句]
The
students
wereabsorbedin
the
chemistry
experiment
and
didn’t
realize
that
a
stranger
entered
the
lab.
学生们专心致志于化学实验,没有意识到有一位陌生人进入实验室。
2.exchangevt.兑换,交换 n.交换,互换
[教材原句]Talking
of
money—it’s
really
easy
to
exchange
traveller’s
cheques
at
banks
or
hotels
so
I
advise
you
to
get
some
of
those
before
you
come.(P36)
谈到钱,在银行或旅馆兑换旅行支票非常容易,所以我建议您来之前准备一些支票。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①I’ve
never
exchanged (word)
with
those
moms
beyond
small
talk,but
they
wanted
to
help.(2019·天津卷,完形填空)?
②They
couldn’t
find
a
place
where
they
could
exchange
dollars
pounds.?
[完成句子]
③暑假期间,爱米丽帮助她婶婶照看果园,以换取一日三餐。
During
the
summer
holiday,Emily
helped
her
aunt
take
care
of
the
orchard
three
meals.?
考点必记
exchange
sth
(with
sb)(与某人)
交换/调换某种东西
exchange...for...以……换……
exchange
ideas交流想法
in
exchange
for作为……的交换
make/have
an
exchange交换
exchange
rate/the
rate
of
exchange汇率
[名师点津]
exchange
A
for
B表示“把A换成B”,而change
A
into
B表示“将A改成B”。
3.majorityn.(常与of连用)大多数;半数以上
[教材原句]But
even
though
some
British
people
are
quite
strange,the
majority
of
them
are
really
friendly
and
I’ve
made
some
good
friends.(P36)
但是虽然有些英国人十分奇怪,不过大多数人都很友好。我已结交了一些好朋友。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The
majority
of
them
(take)
an
online
language
test
before
starting
their
programme.?
②Living
in
a
neighborhood
where
Chinese
are
the
majority,David
finds
it
helpful
to
learn
Chinese.?
[完成句子]
③就大多数学生而言,他们最感兴趣的主题是音乐。(2019·天津卷,书面表达)
As
far
as students
are
concerned,the
topic
that
interests
them
most
is
music.?
考点必记
the
majority大多数
a/the
majority
of...大多数……
in
the
majority占多数
[名师点津]
①the
majority表示“大多数”,在句中做主语时谓语用单复数均可。
②a/the
majority
of...表示“大多数……”,在句中做主语时谓语根据of后的名词确定。
4.indicatevt.指示,表明
[教材原句]When
asked
if
they
would
show
that
they
were
angry
at
work,71%
of
Italians
indicated
that
they
would
show
this
openly.(P38)
当被问及他们是否会表明他们对工作感到愤怒时,71%的意大利人表示会公开表明这一点。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It’s
hard
to
tell
exactly
how
many
people
agree
with
him,but
research
indicates
the
numbers
have
been
rising
for
some
time.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
②Forms
will
be
available
in
school
and
online
for
them
(indicate)
their
choices
and
return
to
school.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解A篇)?
③There
was
every
(indicate)
that
she
was
just
another
American
teenager
without
much
of
a
future.?
考点必记
①indicate
sth表明某事
indicate
that...表明……
indicate
to
sb
sth向某人暗示/提示某事
②indication
n.暗示,表明
indicative
adj.指示的,表示……的,象征的
[写作佳句]
As
indicated
above,whoever
wants
to
achieve
his
goal
must
struggle
for
it.
如上所示,任何想要实现其目标的人都必须为之奋斗。
5.familiaradj.熟悉的,常见的
[教材原句]Jin
Li
found
the
American
way
of
life
familiar
soon
after
her
arrival
in
the
USA.(P40)
金莉在抵达美国后不久就发现美国人的生活方式很熟悉。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①There’s
a
welcome
(familiar)—but
also
sometimes
a
slight
suspicion
that
time
has
changed
you
both,and
thus
the
relationship.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②It
also
doesn’t
require
a
new
type
of
technology
that
people
aren’t
already
familiar
.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
[小话题写作]
③我们不熟悉如何判断西瓜是否成熟,但是农民们教会了我们技巧。(2020·天津卷,书面表达)
How
to
judge
whether
a
watermelon
is
ripe
us,but
the
farmers
taught
us
the
skills.?
考点必记
①be
familiar
with对……熟悉
be
familiar
to为……所熟悉
look/sound/taste
familiar看/听/尝起来熟悉
②unfamiliar
adj.不熟悉的
[语境串记]
Almost
every
Chinese
is
familiar
with
Lang
Ping,a
famous
volleyball
coach,and
her
spirit
of
struggling
is
also
familiar
to
us.?
几乎每个中国人都熟悉著名的排球教练郎平,她的拼搏精神也为我们大家所熟悉。
[写作佳句]
In
a
strange
city,I
found
myself
unfamiliarwith
the
local
customs.在一个陌生的城市,我发现自己不熟悉当地的风俗。
6.starev.凝视,注视,盯着看 n.凝视,注视
[教材原句]I
was
enjoying
my
dessert
and
talking
to
my
American
friend
Janice
at
the
table
when
I
noticed
people
staring
at
us.(P40)
我和我的美国朋友詹尼斯正在餐桌前边吃甜点边聊天时,突然发现人们在注视着我们。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①...they
just
stare
it
and
wonder,“What
if
it
isn’t
a
door?”(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)?
[用glare,glance,stare或glimpse的恰当形式填空]
②She
at
me
angrily
and
said,“I
hate
you.”?
③Before
I
left,I
around
the
room.?
④We
her
at
the
entrance
of
the
shopping
centre
as
we
drove
by.?
⑤The
boy
was
so
afraid
of
the
dog
that
he
at
it
and
couldn’t
move.?
考点必记
stare
at盯着看,凝视
stare
sb
down/out盯得某人转移目光
[词汇辨析]
①glare
侧重于怒视。
②glance
指快速地看某人或某物一眼,强调动作。
③stare
指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某事物。
④glimpse
指无意识地一瞥,是短暂而急促地看,强调结果。
7.insistvi.坚持;坚决要求
[教材原句]He
insisted
on
walking
me
to
the
station
to
see
me
off.(P40)他坚持陪我走到车站为我送行。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The
president
insisted
being
present
at
all
the
interviews.?
②He
insisted
I
(take)
a
taxi
and
offered
to
pay
for
it.?
③On
my
father’s
(insist),we
intend
to
spend
our
holiday
in
Hong
Kong.?
[完成句子]
④那个孩子坚决要求他的爸爸把那条罕见的鱼放回到海里。
The
child
insisted
that
his
father
the
rare
fish
back
into
the
sea.?
考点必记
①insist
on
doing
sth坚持(要求)做某事
insist
that...坚决要求,坚持说,坚决认为
②insistence
n.坚持;坚决主张
at
one’s
insistence在某人的坚持/坚决要求下
③insistent
adj.坚持的
[名师点津]
insist表示“坚持,坚决要求”之意时,后面的宾语从句谓语动词应用should
do,should可以省略;而当其表示“坚持说”之意时,后面的宾语从句谓语动词应用真实语气。
8.conductvt.指挥(歌唱或音乐演奏);实施 n.行为,举止
[教材原句]My
friend
went
home
and
left
me
to
conduct
the
band.(P41)
我的朋友回家了,留下我来指挥乐队。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①A
study
(conduct)
in
Youngstown,Ohio,for
example,discovered
that
greener
areas
of
the
city
experienced
less
crime.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②With
her
dad’s
permission,she
spent
the
next
two
years
researching
online
and
(conduct)
trials
to
get
a
recipe
that
was
both
tasty
and
tooth-friendly.(2019·北京卷,阅读理解B篇)?
[小话题写作]
③王老师如此有耐心,他总是指导我们如何做一些复杂的实验。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
So
patient
is
Mr.Wang
that
he
always
instructs
us
some
complex
experiments.?
考点必记
①conduct
a
band指挥乐队
conduct
an
experiment
进行实验
conduct
an
interview进行面试
conduct
a
survey进行调查
conduct
oneself
well/badly表现好/不好
②conductor
n.指挥,(公共汽车)售票员
conductive
adj.导电的,导热的
[写作佳句]
The
poll
conducted
among
teenagers
indicates
that
kids
are
eager
to
be
comforted
when
they
fail
to
perform
well
at
school.那项在青少年中进行的民意测验表明孩子们在学校表现不好的时候渴望得到安慰。
9.belongvi.属于;适应
[教材原句]At
first,we
didn’t
feel
we
belong
here,but
now
we
are
attached
to
the
land
we
live
on.(P42)
起初,我们并不认为自己属于这里,但是现在我们已与我们所居住的地方紧紧地联系在一起了。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①At
first,the
Americans
felt
depressed
for
lack
of
a
sense
of
(belong)
in
China,but
now
they
are
attached
to
the
country
deeply.?
②Take
care
of
your
(belong)
when
you
are
getting
through
security
checks.?
[完成句子]
③我更喜欢穿校服,因为它们使我们觉得我们属于同一团队。(2019·江苏卷,书面表达)
I
prefer
to
wear
school
uniforms
because
they
make
us
feel
that
we
the
same
group.?
考点必记
①belong
to
sb属于(某人)
belong
to
a
club是俱乐部成员
belong
to
an
organization是组织成员
②belonging
n.亲密关系
belongings
n.所有物,财产,财物
[名师点津]
belong
(to)不用于进行时态,也不用于被动句中。
[写作佳句]
All
the
money
belongingto
the
old
lady
has
now
been
donated
to
the
charity.属于那位老太太的所有的钱现在都已经捐给了慈善机构。
10.attachvt.附上;系,固定;贴上;使依恋
[教材原句]At
first,we
didn’t
feel
we
belong
here,but
now
we
are
attached
to
the
land
we
live
on.(P42)
起初,我们并不认为自己属于这里,但是现在我们已与我们所居住的地方紧紧地联系在一起了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①While
I
tend
to
buy
a
lot
of
books,these
three
were
given
to
me
as
gifts,which
might
add
to
the
meaning
I
attach
them.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②She’s
trying
to
come
up
with
a
label
(attach)
to
nutria
fashions
to
show
it
is
eco-friendly.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
[小话题写作]
③正如你所知道的,我们中国人十分重视餐桌礼仪。(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
As
you
know,we
Chinese table
manners.?
考点必记
①attach...to...把……固定到……,把……附在……
attach
importance/significance/value
to重视;认为……重要/有意义/有价值
attach
oneself
to参加;和……在一起
be
attached
to附属于;依恋;爱慕
②attached
adj.依恋的,充满爱心的;附属的;归属的
attachment
n.附属;安装;感情的依属;附属物;附加的文件
[写作佳句]
I
attached
myself
to
a
group
of
foreign
tourists
entering
the
museum.我随着一队外国游客一道进入了博物馆。
11.asaresult结果;因此
[教材原句]...and
asaresult,there
are
many
international
restaurants.(P36)……结果,那有很多国际饭店。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①As
result,she
says,some
of
the
injuries
associated
with
running,such
as
runner’s
knee,are
uncommon
among
race
walkers.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
②His
efforts
have
resulted
1,360
acres
of
naturally-grown
land
that
has
become
home
to
many
plants
and
animals.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)?
③We
are
still
dealing
with
problems
resulting
errors
made
in
the
past.?
[完成句子]
④每天,我必须花大部分时间学习。结果,我没有足够的时间进行锻炼。
Every
day,I
have
to
spend
most
of
my
time
studying. ,I
don’t
have
enough
time
to
take
exercise.?
考点必记
as
a
result
of由于;作为……的结果
result
in导致
result
from由……引起
without
result徒劳;毫无结果
[名师点津]
①as
a
result单独使用,相当于therefore,而as
a
result
of后需带宾语,相当于because
of或on
account
of。
②result
in表示“导致”,即前者导致后者,result
from表示“由……引起”,即前者是由后者引起的。
12.either...or...句型
[教材原句]You
can
either
choose
to
stay
on
a
boat
or
go
camping
and
practise
cooking
on
an
open
fire
next
to
a
lake.(P37)你可以选择待在船上,也可以去野营,在湖边的篝火上练习烧煮。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It’s
about
two
sisters—Eri,a
model
who
won’t
or
can’t
stop
sleeping,and
Mari,a
young
student,trying
to
connect
to
her
sister.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解A篇)?
②Without
motivation,you
can
neither
set
a
goal
reach
it.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)?
③Neither
the
big
city
nor
the
towns
around
it
(show)
beautiful
scenery
to
visitors
throughout
the
world.?
考点必记
①either...or...是一个并列结构,表示“或者……,或者……”,在句中应连接两个并列成分。
②either...or...连接句子主语时,谓语动词的人称和数应按就近一致原则来确定。
[名师点津]
①neither...nor...,
not
only...but
also...,...or...等结构连接句子主语时,谓语动词的人称和数应按就近一致原则来确定。
②there
be句型中的谓语动词的人称和数也应按就近一致原则来确定。
13.haveadifficult/hardtime(in)doingsth句型
[教材原句]When
I
first
arrived
in
San
Francisco,I
hadadifficulttimeunderstanding
certain
aspects
of
the
American
way
of
doing
things.(P40)刚到旧金山时,有段时间我感到很难理解美国人的某些处事方式。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①If
you
have
difficulties
(read),ask
about
special
reading
opportunities.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)?
②We
can’t
imagine
what
difficulty
the
ancient
architects
had
(build)
the
tower.?
③Fred
had
a
hard
time
(communicate)
with
the
local
people
when
he
first
settled
down.?
[小话题写作]
④至于这一话剧,我们难以安排其情节,请你给我们一些建议好吗?
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
In
terms
of
the
play,we its
plot.Could
you
please
give
us
some
advice??
考点必记
①have
a
difficult/hard
time
(in)
doing
sth表示“有段时间很难做某事”。
②have
trouble/problems/difficulty
(in)
doing
sth表示“做某事有困难”。
③注意:表示“在某方面有困难”应用结构have
trouble/problems/difficulty
with
sth。
[写作佳句]
At
that
time
I
suffered
a
lot
from
the
difficulty
that
Ihadspeaking
before
others.那时候,我在别人面前说话有很多困难。
14.thelasttime引导时间状语从句
[教材原句]I
had
a
similar
experience
thelasttime
I
visited
China.(P40)上次我到中国参观时有相似的经历。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①下次散步时,无论身在何处,你都可以欣赏所有的景点、声音和感受。(2018·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)
you
take
a
walk,no
matter
where
it
is,take
in
all
the
sights,sounds
and
sensations.?
②你一说话,他就全神贯注地听。
,he
gives
you
his
full
attention.?
③我们一到那儿就开始帮助农民们收获西瓜,并因此受到了农民们的表扬。(2019·北京卷,书面表达)
we
arrived
there,we
started
to
help
the
farmers
harvest
watermelons,for
which
the
farmers
praised
us.?
考点必记
the
last
time“在上次……的时候”,在此处用作关联词,引导时间状语从句。
[名师点津]
下列结构也常用以引导时间状语从句:
①the
first/second/third
time;the
moment;the
minute;the
instant;every/each
time;next
time等;
②directly/immediately等。
[写作佳句]
Theinstant
those
Americans
got
off
the
plane,they
felt
really
moved
at
the
Chinese
people’s
warmth
and
kindness.
那些美国人一下飞机就被中国人的热情和友好感动了。
15.先行词为way时的定语从句
[教材原句]I
can’t
bear
the
way
the
native
Australians
have
been
treated.(P42)我不能忍受对待澳大利亚原住民的态度。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Here’s
a
handful
of
ways
will
set
you
in
the
right
direction.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)?
②Directed
sound
is
a
new
technology
that
allows
companies
to
use
sound
in
much
the
same
way
spotlights(聚光灯)are
used
in
the
theater.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)?
[完成句子]
③她们有能力以一种传统男性管理者无法达到目标的方式来达到共同的目标。
They
have
the
power
to
reach
common
goals
traditional
male
managers
cannot.?
考点必记
the
native
Australians
have
been
treated是一个定语从句,修饰the
way,引导词that或in
which省去了。way表示“方法”时,后面的定语从句常用that或in
which引导,也可省略,that或in
which在定语从句中充当状语。如果引导词在从句中充当主语或宾语,则应用that或which引导。
[写作佳句]
Maybe
this
is
the
best
wayinwhich
we
can
help
those
victims
in
the
disaster.也许这是我们可以帮助那些灾难受害者的最好方法。
随堂巩固迁移运用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.After
high
school,Jennifer
attended
a
local
technical
college,working
to
pay
her
tuition(学费),because
there
was
no
extra
money
(set)
aside
for
a
college
education.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
2.Let
them
know
that
you
are
there
to
help
in
any
way
is
acceptable,while
still
respecting
the
privacy
of
your
neighbor.(2018·浙江卷,七选五)?
3.But
the
sport’s
strange
form
does
place
considerable
stress
on
the
ankles
and
hips,so
people
with
a
history
of
such
(injury)
might
want
to
be
cautious
in
adopting
the
sport.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
4.We
will
probably
have
to
force
ourselves
to
(wake)
our
curiosity
and
discontent
and
keep
them
awake.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)?
5.Emma
had
never
taken
herself
as
a
crane
and
become
deeply
(attach)
to
humans.(2019·江苏卷,完形填空)?
6.However,they
have
real
impacts,as
they
result
misguided
use
of
scarce
resources.(2019·江苏卷,阅读理解C篇)?
7.On
March
19,Dennis
got
a
group
text
informing
him
that
a
couple
he
didn’t
know
were
at
the
hospital,waiting
for
the
(arrive)
of
a
baby.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,完形填空)?
8.It
takes
sunscreen
about
fifteen
minutes
to
start
working,and
that’s
plenty
of
time
for
your
skin
(absorb)
a
day’s
worth
of
Vitamin
D.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)?
9....the
monkeys
would
go
for
the
higher
values
more
than
half
the
time,
(indicate)
that
they
were
performing
a
calculation...(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
10.He
sold
or
exchanged
some
of
the
milk
in
the
towns
nearly
other
food
and
made
cheese
and
butter
for
the
family
with
what
was
left.?
Ⅱ.选词填空
addition,cautious,curiously,reasonable,familiar
The
Smiths
paid
a
visit
to
a
Chinese
friend.While
having
dinner
in
the
Chinese
friend’s
family,the
couple
were
1. because
they
were
not
2.
with
Chinese
table
manners.His
friend
invited
many
friends
to
have
dinner
with
them.When
they
saw
people
stand
up
while
toasting
them,they
looked
at
them
3. .In
4. ,they
don’t
think
it
5.
that
their
Chinese
friends
tried
to
make
them
drink
much.?
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容
I
am
sorry
to
hear
that
you
have
a
difficult
time
adjusting
to
your
life
in
China.1. (我想给你提供一些建议,希望对你有好处).2. (首先你需要意识到你需要时间来习惯一种你不熟悉的新文化).So,relax
and
try
not
to
absorb
everything.3. (知道你受不了中餐,我还是建议你继续多尝一些).And
I
am
sure
you
will
find
some
tasty
food
you
are
fond
of.As
for
the
language
problem,I
suggest
you
practicing
more
with
the
local
people.4.
(另外,和同学们交流关于两个国家的不同风俗可以帮助你提高你的汉语口语,以及对中国文化的理解).Anyhow,cheer
up!I
hope
you
can
soon
pick
up
your
confidence
and
be
happy
again.?
Unit12 CultureShock
核心考点·课堂突破
1.①Absorbed ②in ③absorption ④Absorbed
in
2.①words ②for ③in
exchange
for
3.①take ②in ③the
majority
of
4.①that ②to
indicate ③indication
5.①familiarity ②with ③is
not
familiar
to
6.①at ②glared ③glanced ④glimpsed ⑤stared
7.①on ②(should)
take ③insistence ④should
release
8.①conducted ②conducting ③how
to
conduct
9.①belonging ②belongings ③belong
to
10.①to ②to
attach ③attach
too
much
importance
to
11.①a ②in ③from ④As
a
result
12.①either ②nor ③show
13.①reading ②building ③communicating ④have
difficulty
arranging
14.①Next
time ②Immediately
you
speak ③The
moment/minute/second/instant
15.①that/which ②that/in
which ③in
a
way
which
随堂巩固·迁移运用
Ⅰ.1.set 2.that 3.injuries 4.waken 5.attached 6.in 7.arrival
8.to
absorb 9.indicating 10.for
Ⅱ.1.cautious 2.familiar 3.curiously 4.addition 5.reasonable
Ⅲ.1.I’d
like
to
offer
you
some
advice,hoping
to
do
you
good
2.First,you
need
to
be
aware
that
it
takes
time
to
get
used
to
a
new
culture
that
you
are
not
familiar
with
3.Knowing
that
you
can’t
bear
Chinese
food,I
advise
you
to
keep
trying
more
4.In
addition,exchanging
your
ideas
with
your
classmates
about
different
customs
of
the
two
countries
can
help
improve
your
spoken
Chinese
as
well
as
your
understanding
of
Chinese
culture
PAGE
