选修8 Unit22 EnvironmentalProtection
(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
核心考点课堂突破
1.reservevi.储备;保存;保留;预订 n.保护区;储备;保留;储备金;储藏量
[教材原句]Breweries
are
often
built
in
nature
reserves.(P5)啤酒厂通常建在自然保护区中。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①To
attend
the
grand
ceremony,you’d
better
make
a
(reserve)
online
before
Friday.?
②The
government
is
planning
to
set
up
more
nature
(reserve).?
[完成句子]
③大厅前排座位是留给要被授奖的杰出人物的。
The
seats
in
the
front
parts
of
the
hall the
outstanding
figures
to
be
awarded.?
考点必记
①reserve
sth
for
sb为某人保留/预定某物
a
nature
reserve自然保护区
in
reserve贮存;备用
②reservation
n.保留;预订(房间、座位等)
make
a
reservation预订(座位、房间等)
without
reservation毫无保留地
[写作佳句]
I
recommend
him
to
you
without
reservation,as
I
believe
you
will
appreciate
his
ability
in
this
field.我毫无保留地向你推荐他,因为我相信,你会赏识他在这一领域的能力。
2.trapvt.使困住,诱骗,使陷入困境 n.陷阱,圈套
[教材原句]Because
of
the
greenhouse
effect,the
Earth
is
warmed
by
gases
trapped
in
the
atmosphere.(P5)由于温室效应,困在大气层中的气体使得地球变暖。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①By
questioning
he
trapped
the
thief
making
a
confession.?
②
(trap)
in
ruins,the
little
girl
still
kept
calm,wearing
a
smile
and
waiting
to
be
rescued.?
[完成句子]
③孙涛困在了一棵果树上,所以许多同学都来帮他。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
Sun
Tao on
a
fruit
tree,so
many
of
his
classmates
lent
him
a
hand.?
考点必记
trap
sb
into
doing
sth诱骗某人做某事
be
trapped
in被困在……
set/lay
a
trap设置陷阱,布下圈套
fall/walk
into
a
trap落入圈套/陷阱
fall
into
the
trap
of
doing
sth掉进做……的陷阱
[写作佳句]
Don’t
fall
into
the
trap
of
signing
something
without
reading
it
carefully
first.不要没仔细看就签字,小心上当。
3.beyondprep.超出 adv.在远处
[教材原句]In
the
last
few
decades,scientists
have
reached
consensus
and
reported
that
human
beings
are
causing
changes
in
the
Earth’s
climate—something
previously
seen
as
beyond
our
control.(P6)最近几十年,科学家们一致认为,人类正在引起地球的气候变化——而这在以前看来是我们不能控制的。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①A
person,when
challenged,can
often
do
what
is
his
ability.?
[完成句子]
②然而,超过某一点,进一步的压力将只会导致疲惫、疾病,最终导致崩溃。
,though,further
stress
will
only
lead
to
exhaustion,illness
and
finally
a
breakdown.?
[小话题写作]
③这样的社会活动给我们带来的益处是我们无法描述的。
(2019·北京卷,书面表达)
The
benefits
such
social
activities
bring
to
us
are
quite
.?
考点必记
beyond
control无法控制
beyond
words/speech难以言表,无法形容
beyond
compare无与伦比的
beyond
midnight午夜以后
beyond
sb’s
power某人力所不及的
beyond
one’s
imagination/description超乎想象/无法描述
beyond
belief/doubt令人难以置信/毫无疑问
beyond
repair/reach无法修理/够不着
It’s
beyond
me
why/what...我无法理解为什么/什么……
[写作佳句]
How
an
eight-year-old
boy
can
know
anything
about
that
is
beyond
me.一名八岁的男孩竟然熟知那样的事情是我所不能理解的。
4.claimvt.&n.(根据权利)要求,索赔;认领;声称
[教材原句]They
claim
that
in
the
last
50
years,gases
pumped
into
the
Earth’s
atmosphere
by
the
factories
and
vehicles
have
been
speeding
up
the
process
of
global
warming
and
affecting
our
climate.(P6)他们声称,在过去的五十年间,工厂和汽车排放入大气层中的气体加速了全球变暖的进程,影响了我们的气候。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Experts
in
America
claimed
(develop)
the
vaccines
for
the
epidemic,which
at
last
proved
to
have
flaws.?
②A
letter
appeared
in
TheTimes
claiming
Fleming
the
discoverer
of
penicillin.?
③Children
in
fact
have
no
claim
their
parents’
support
for
their
purchasing
a
house.?
[完成句子]
④如果货物有损坏,你可以要求退款。
You
can
if
the
goods
are
damaged.?
考点必记
claim
to
do
sth声称要做某事
claim
sth认领某物
claim...as...声称……是……
claim
back要求收回;索回
lay
claim
to声称对……的拥有权
have
no
claim
on/to
sth没有对……要求的权利;无资格得到
make
a
claim
for对(赔偿等)提出要求
[写作佳句]
Fred
claimed
to
have
done
the
work
without
help.弗雷德声称未借助外力而完成了这项工作。
5.relevantadj.有关的;切题的
[教材原句]...how
is
it
relevant
to
our
lives?(P6)……它是怎样和我们的生活息息相关的呢?
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The
professor
sometimes
makes
remarks
that
are
not
relevant
his
topic.?
②Be
sure
to
stay
on
topic
and
not
offer
(relevant)
information.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,七选五)?
[小话题写作]
③上一封信中,你问过我如何在中国朋友家做客,现在,我写信告诉你一些相关细节。
In
your
last
letter,you
asked
me
about
being
a
guest
to
a
Chinese
friend’s
home.Now,I
am
writing
to
.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)?
考点必记
①relevant
information相关信息
relevant
details相关细节
be
relevant
to和……有关(=have
sth
to
do
with)
②relevance
n.相关,贴切,关联性
relevantly
adv.有关地;切题地
irrelevant
adj.不相关的
[名师点津]
表示“与……有关”的方式:
be
connected/concerned/associated
with
be
linked
to/with be
related
to
be
in
relation
to
be
in
connection
with
be
to
do
with
have
sth
to
do
with
6.advocatevt.主张,提倡 n.提倡者,倡导者;拥护者
[教材原句]Experts
advocate
that
each
person
play
their
part.(P6)专家们倡议每个人都发挥自己的作用。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①At
that
moment
China’s
government
advocated
everyone
(wear)
their
masks
while
traveling
out.?
②Now
many
people
advocate
(eat)
fruits
and
vegetables
rather
than
meat.?
[小话题写作]
③上周末我们班长主张我们去农场摘西瓜,这是一次极好的经历。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
Last
weekend
our
monitor
advocated
that on
the
farm,which
was
a
fantastic
experience.?
考点必记
①advocate
that...(should)do
sth主张/提倡……应该做……
advocate
doing
sth提倡做某事
an
advocate
of/for
sb/sth支持某人/某事的人
②advocacy
n.拥护
[写作佳句]
Some
high
school
teachers
strongly
advocate
the
reform
of
the
current
educational
system
to
make
students
develop
in
an
all-round
way.一些高中教师强烈主张改革现有的教育体系,以使学生得到全面发展。
7.substituten.代替者;代替品,代用品 vt.代替,取代
[教材原句]After
all,there’s
no
substitute
for
our
Earth.(P6)毕竟,我们的地球没有替代品。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①If
we
substitute
a
number
each
letter,the
message
“Meet
me”
would
read
“13
5
5
20
13
5”.?
②You
should
make
it
clear
that
vitamin
pills
are
not
substitute
healthy
diet.?
[完成句子]
③爱情、友情、知识、健康,所有这些都是无价的,是金钱所无法取代的。
Love,friendship,knowledge,health,all
these
things
are
priceless
things
money
can’t
.?
考点必记
a
substitute
for...……的代替者(品)
substitute
for
sb/sth(用……)代替;取代
substitute
A
for
B/substitute
B
with/by
A用A代替B
[写作佳句]
Punishment
might
be
a
must
in
education,but
we
can
never
substitute
education
with
punishment.在教育中惩罚可能是必需的,但我们永远不能用惩罚代替教育。
8.threatenvt.威胁;预示……;有……的危险
[经典例句]He
said
army
officers
had
threatened
to
destroy
the
town.他说军官们已威胁,要摧毁这座小镇。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Wildlife
greatly
(threat)
in
the
modern
age.There
are
species(物种)
that
are
disappearing
every
day.(2019·江苏卷,完形填空)?
②The
incident
threatens
(ruin)
his
chances
in
the
election.?
③The
fighting
is
major
threat
to
stability
in
the
region.?
[完成句子]
④戴维吓唬说要是比尔表现不好他就告诉老师真相。
David
the
teacher
the
truth
if
Bill
wouldn’t
behave
well.?
考点必记
①threaten
sb
(with
sth)扬言要(以某事)威胁/恐吓
threaten
to
do
sth威胁要干某事
threaten
that...预示凶兆,有……危险
②threat
n.威胁;恐吓;凶兆
a
threat
to...对……是一种威胁
[写作佳句]
Children
are
sometimes
threatened
with
violence
if
they
don’t
do
what
their
parents
want.小孩子如果没有做到他们父母想要他们做的有时会受到暴力威胁。
9.meansn.方法,手段(单复数相同,做主语时谓语动词应根据其表示的意义来确定)
[教材原句]People
in
agricultural
areas,without
any
means
to
earn
their
living,move
to
the
cities,and
then
construct
shabby
homes
from
whatever
materials
they
can
find
on
poor
clay
soil.(P10)农业地区的人口因为没有办法谋生而流向城市,他们在贫瘠的粘土上用可以找到的任何材料搭建起破烂的房屋。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①But
he
is
providing
a
few
years
during
which
the
farmers
will,perhaps,be
able
to
find
other
means
adapting.?
②Business
managers
are
focused
on
increasing
their
personal
wealth
any
available
means.?
③—Could
you
please
switch
off
all
the
lights
when
you
leave?
—
all
means.?
考点必记
by
all
means尽一切办法;一定;务必;(表示答应)当然可以
by
any
means无论如何
by
no
means绝不;一点也不(放在句首时句子应用部分倒装语序)
by
this
means用这种方法
by
means
of用/依靠……方法
[名师点津]
①means表示“方式,方法,手段”时,其单复数同形,当means在句中充当主语时,如果前面有each,every等词修饰,谓语动词应用单数形式,如果前面有many,some,several,few等词修饰,谓语应用复数形式。
②表示“用这种方法”的不同表达:
in
this
way,with
this
method,by
this
means等,注意它们介词的使用不同。
10.adoptvt.采纳,采用;收养
[教材原句]The
Chinese
government
has
adopted
several
noise
control
plans
and
as
a
result
noise
pollution
levels
have
improved
in
recent
years.(P12)中国政府已经采取了几项噪音控制计划,因此近年来噪声污染水平有所改善。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The
new
approach
(adopt)
turned
out
very
effective.?
②I’m
talking
about
people
who
have
stopped
learning
on
growing
because
they
(adopt)
the
fixed
attitudes
and
opinions
that
all
too
often
come
with
passing
years.(2019·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)?
[小话题写作]
③蔡老师总是采用一些独特的方法,使得他的课堂生动,对我们学生具有吸引力。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
Mr.Cai
always to
make
his
class
lively
and
appealing
to
us
students.?
考点必记
①adopt
an
approach/a
policy/an
attitude/a
strategy采取方法/政策/态度/策略
adopt
a
child收养小孩
②adoption
n.采纳,采用;收养
adopted
adj.被收养的;被采用的
[写作佳句]
The
old
woman
adopted
a
deserted
boy
and
after
a
few
months
he
came
to
adapt
to
his
new
life.那位老太太收养了一位被遗弃的男孩,几个月后,他适应了新的生活。
11.lookahead展望未来
[教材原句]Lookingahead,scientists
believe
that
global
warming
could
be
one
of
the
biggest
environmental
problems
facing
the
21st
century.(P6)展望未来,科学家们认为全球变暖可能是21世纪所面临的最严重的环境问题之一。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①I
quickly
lower
myself,ducking
my
head
to
avoid
looking
directly
his
eyes
so
he
doesn’t
feel
challenged.
(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)?
②Once
I
look
something
on
the
Internet,I
don’t
need
to
keep
all
the
details
for
future
use.?
③Two
boys
were
lost
and
the
police
were
looking
the
matter.?
[完成句子]
④我们学生都尊敬常老师,因为他总是十分平等而友好地对待我们。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
We
students
all Mr.Chang
because
he
always
treats
us
equally
and
kindly.?
考点必记
look
back回顾
look
around环顾
look
into调查
look
out当心;向外看
look
through浏览
look
forward
to期盼
look
down
on/upon轻视,看不起
look
up
to尊敬;仰慕
look
up抬头看;查阅
look
over检查(身体等)
12.referto提到;谈及;参考;查阅
[教材原句]Global
warming
refersto
an
average
increase
in
the
Earth’s
temperature
that,in
turn,leads
to
climate
change.(P6)全球变暖指的是地球温度平均升高,并由此导致气候发生变化。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①His
judgment
and
(refer)
are
decidedly
American,as
well
as
his
delicate
stomach.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
②The
trend,then,was
toward
the
“penny
paper”—a
term
(refer)
to
papers
made
widely
available
to
the
public.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
[小话题写作]
③有大量的参考书,我经常困惑该从中选哪一本。(2018·江苏卷,书面表达)
There
are
which
I
am
often
confused
to
choose
from.?
考点必记
①refer
to
the
dictionary/notes查字/词典/笔记
②reference
n.提及;查阅
a
reference
book参考书
in
reference
to关于
[写作佳句]
I
am
writing
to
you
inreferenceto
the
job
opening
in
your
department.我给你写信,是关于你所在部门的职位空缺。
13.inturn依次,轮流地;反过来
[教材原句]Global
warming
refers
to
an
average
increase
in
the
Earth’s
temperature
that,inturn,leads
to
climate
change.全球变暖指的是地球温度平均升高,并由此导致气候发生变化。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Theory
is
based
on
practice
and
turn
serves
practice.?
[完成句子]
②笑着谈论那块三明治会导致侮辱,这反过来可能会导致暴力。
Laughter
over
the
sandwich
can
lead
to
insults, can
lead
to
violence.?
③Axani在邮件中写到,他并不寻求任何回报。
Axani
wrote
in
his
post
that
he
was
not
looking
for
anything
.?
考点必记
by
turns轮流
take
turns
to
do/doing
sth轮流做某事
It’s
one’s
turn
to
do
sth轮到某人做某事
[词义精析]
①in
turn表示依次、转而、反过来;
②in
return
作为报答;作为交换(常和介词for连用)。
[写作佳句]
Inreturn,however,this
passage
will
help
you
to
think
like
an
economist.然而,作为回报,这段文章将帮助你像一位经济学家那样思考。
14.onone’sbehalf代表……
[教材原句]We
need
to
speak
out
ontheirbehalf
before
they
disappear
for
good.(P8)趁它们还没有永远消失我们需要代表它们大声疾呼。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①
behalf
of
our
school,I
would
like
to
express
our
warm
welcome
to
you.?
[完成句子]
②肯不在场,所以我代表他领奖。
Ken
is
not
present,so
I
shall
accept
the
prize .?
[小话题写作]
③我代表机器人爱好集团,打算邀请您在即将到来的比赛中加入我们的团队。
(2018·天津卷,书面表达)
I, the
Robotics
Hobby
Group,intend
to
invite
you
to
join
our
team
in
the
coming
competition.?
考点必记
on
one’s
behalf=on
behalf
of
sb代表……
in
behalf
of
sb=in
sb’s
behalf为帮助某人
[写作佳句]
Onbehalfof
all
my
classmates,I’d
like
to
deliver
a
speech
to
express
our
appreciation
to
our
teachers.我谨代表我所有的同学,发表演讲以表达我们对老师的感谢。
15.given(that)...句型
[教材原句]Given
this
data,it
seems
that
the
link
between
human
activities
and
rising
global
temperatures
is
not
merely
a
coincidence.(P6)根据这一数据判断,人类活动与全球变暖之间的关系似乎不仅仅只是一个巧合。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①根据《消费者研究杂志》上的一项最新研究,同伴饮食的大小和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。
a
recent
study
in
theJournalofConsumerResearch,both
the
size
and
consumption
habits
of
our
eating
companions
can
influence
our
food
intake.?
②如果有足够的时间和金钱,那些研究者早就能够发现这个领域更多的东西了。
,the
researchers
would
have
been
able
to
discover
more
in
this
field.?
考点必记
句中given“考虑到,鉴于”是介词。given后接表示事物性的名词(短语),并通常位于句首,也可置于句末,且常用逗号与其后面的句子隔开,整个介词短语在句中做状语。
[名师点津]
①表示“考虑到……”时,given后还可接that从句。同时,given做形容词时,表示“规定的”。
②类似地,considering(顾及;考虑到),according
to(根据),concerning(关于)等均为介词。
16.stop...fromdoingsth句型
[教材原句]How
can
we
stop
these
disasters
from
happening?(P6)我们如何才能阻止这些灾难的发生?
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①It
prevents
people
who
are
cut
off
from
society
(fall)
victim
to
cheaters.(2020·天津卷,完形填空)?
②But
our
insisting
it’s
merely
a
window
has
kept
them
from
(attempt)
millions
of
requests
to
open
the
door.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)?
[小话题写作]
③作为父母,你不应该过分夸奖你的孩子,因为这会阻止他们尝试新事物或冒险。(2019·浙江卷,概要写作)
As
parents,you
shouldn’t
praise
your
kids
too
much,which
can new
things
or
taking
a
risk.?
考点必记
句中stop...from
doing表示“阻止……做……”,其中from可以省略。
[名师点津]
类似地,prevent
sb
(from)doing
sth及keep
sb
from
doing
sth也表示“防止/阻止某人做某事”,但keep
sb
doing
sth则表示“让某人继续做某事”。
[写作佳句]
Before
the
storm
arrived,they
had
done
a
lot
of
work
to
stop
their
crops
frombeing
damaged.风暴来临前他们已经做了大量工作,阻止庄稼被破坏。
17.Whydo...?句型
[教材原句]But
whywait
around
for
governments
to
take
action?(P6)但是为什么要等着政府来采取行动呢?
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Why
(bother)?We
can
stay
at
home
and
watch
films
online.?
②But
why
(not
start)
now??
[完成句子]
③我们对视频中放入什么内容进行了辩论。
We
debated
over
what
into
the
video.?
考点必记
①Why
do...?表示“为什么做……呢?”该句型在口语中很常用,其否定形式为Why
not
do...?表示“为什么不做……呢?”
②how,where,when等疑问词没有why类似的用法,但它们可以和动词不定式连用,在句中充当一个成分,而why则没有此用法。
[写作佳句]
Whynotgo
to
see
the
movie
MyPeople,MyHomeland
tonight?今晚为什么不去看电影《我和我的家乡》?
18.behometo...句型
[教材原句]One
of
the
islands
ishometo
a
giant
tortoise
named
Lonesome
George.(P9)其中一个小岛是一个叫Lonesome
George的巨龟的家园。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Owned
by
the
Hasell
family
since
1679,home
the
International
Marmalade
Festival.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解A篇)?
[完成句子]
②毫无疑问,建于1911年的清华大学是许多杰出人物的发祥地。
Without
doubt,Qinghua
University
founded
in
1911
many
outstanding
figures.?
考点必记
be
home
to...表示“是……的家园,是……的发祥地,是……的居住地”,在home前不可用冠词。
[写作佳句]
The
mountains
here
are
well
protected
because
they
arehometo
many
endangered
birds
and
animals.这里的山脉受到很好保护,因为它们是许多濒临灭绝的鸟类和动物的家园。
19.一段时间+haveseen...句型
[教材原句]The
last
few
years
haveseen
environmental
disasters
on
a
grand
scale,and
experts
are
predicting
far
worse
to
come.(P10)近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现,专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①由于中国共产党的好政策,过去的三十年见证了中国的巨大变化。
The
last
thirty
years
great
changes
in
China
because
of
the
Party’s
good
policy.?
②再往前驱车一小时,我们就可以到达山脚下了。
Another
hour’s
ride
the
foot
of
the
hill.?
考点必记
“一段时间+have
seen...”表示“(时间)见证了……”,此处see也可用witness代替。
[名师点津]
①此处的动词see使用的是拟人修辞手法。拟人修辞手法把事物人格化,使本来不具备人的动作和感情的动物或植物变得有像人一样的行为。
②英语中使用拟人修辞手法的句子,主语通常是表示时间、地点、心爱之物等的名词,如车、船等。谓语则常是see,witness,find,make,bring,cause,give,experience等。
随堂巩固迁移运用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Dr.Rowan,
secretary
resigned
two
weeks
ago,has
had
to
do
all
his
own
typing.(2020·天津卷,单项填空)?
2.The
total
number
of
all
multigenerational
households
in
Britain
(think)
to
be
about
1.8
million.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
3.The
weak
links
may
thus
keep
species
driving
one
another
to
extinction.(2019·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)?
4.According
to
most
(calculate),race
walkers
moving
at
a
pace
of
six
miles
per
hour
would
burn
about
800
calories(卡路里)
per
hour,which
is
approximately
twice
as
many
as
they
would
burn
walking...(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
5.How
can
we
bridge
the
ever-widening
gap
that
separates
us
other
animals?(2019·江苏卷,完形填空)?
6.When
a
predator(掠食动物)
always
eats
huge
numbers
of
a
single
prey(猎物),the
two
species
strongly
(link).(2019·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)?
7.Please
do
not
include
covers.A
list
of
(refer)
must
be
included.(2019·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)?
Ⅱ.选词填空
construction,substitutes,financial,answer,preserved,advocated,mountainous,recycled
In
nature
a
lot
of
natural
resources
have
no
1..They
can’t
be
2. .Once
used
up,we’ll
never
get
any
of
them.However,some
people
tend
to
waste
them
for
their
3.
benefits.Undoubtedly,humans
will
4.
for
what
they
have
done
to
nature.In
some
5.
areas
mountains
are
not
6.
well
because
of
7.
and
landslides
often
occur.It’s
8.
that
we
humans
learn
to
live
in
harmony
with
nature.?
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容
Last
Sunday,I
went
sightseeing
with
my
friends
in
the
Fair
Lake
Park.1.
(一进入公园,被那儿的美景所吸引,我却看到了令人不快的一幕).2.
(船上有两个年轻游客在吃着东西,大声地谈论着、笑着).3.
(他们忽视“请勿乱扔垃圾”牌子的存在而扔着垃圾,没有意识到他们的行为对美丽的公园造成损害).This
is
a
common
sight
in
some
public
places.As
we
know,littering
pollutes
the
environment;bad
manners
ruin
the
beauty
of
tourist
attractions.Dear
friends,mind
your
behavior
in
public
places.Be
kind
to
the
environment.Be
good
to
the
trees.Be
friendly
to
nature.4.
(只有用这种方法我们才能生活在永远有蓝天和绿色陆地的美丽家园).?
选修8 Unit22 EnvironmentalProtection
核心考点·课堂突破
1.①reservation ②reserves ③are
reserved
for
2.①into ②Trapped ③was
trapped
3.①beyond ②Beyond
a
certain
point ③beyond
our
description
4.①to
have
developed ②as ③on/to ④claim
your
money
back
5.①to ②irrelevant ③inform
you
of
some
relevant
details
6.①(should)
wear ②eating ③we
pick
watermelons
7.①for ②for ③for
which;substitute
8.①has
been;threatened ②to
ruin ③a ④threatened
to
tell
9.①of ②by ③By
10.①adopted ②have
adopted ③adopts
some
unique
approaches
11.①into ②up ③into ④look
up
to
12.①references ②referring ③huge
quantities
of
reference
books
13.①in ②which
in
turn ③in
return
14.①On ②on
his
behalf ③on
behalf
of
15.①According
to ②Given
enough
time
and
money
16.①falling ②attempting ③prevent
them
from
trying
17.①bother ②not
start ③to
put
18.①to ②is
home
to
19.①have
witnessed ②will
bring
us
to
随堂巩固·迁移运用
Ⅰ.1.whose 2.is
thought 3.from 4.calculations 5.from 6.are;linked 7.references
Ⅱ.1.substitutes 2.recycled 3.financial 4.answer 5.mountainous
6.preserved 7.construction 8.advocated
Ⅲ.1.Upon
entering
the
park,attracted
by
the
beautiful
scenery
there,I
saw
a
displeasing
scene
2.On
the
boat
were
two
young
tourists
eating,talking
and
laughing
loudly
3.Neglecting
the
existence
of
the
sign
saying
“No
Littering!”,they
were
throwing
rubbish,without
realizing
their
behavior
had
done
great
damage
to
the
beauty
of
the
park
4.Only
by
this
means
can
we
live
in
a
beautiful
home
with
the
blue
sky
and
green
land
forever
PAGEUnit23 Conflict
(主题语境:人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通)
核心考点课堂突破
1.exposevt.显露,使暴露,使曝光,揭露
[教材原句]Yang
Ming’s
neighbours
say
they
were
being
driven
mad
being
exposed
to
such
noise.(P20)杨明的邻居们说处于这样的噪音中他们快要被逼疯了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①She
said
social
media
firms
were
exposing
children
major
emotional
risks...(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②
(expose)
to
a
“harsh
and
unpredictable”
environment
leads
to
faster
development.(2018·上海卷,完形填空)?
[小话题写作]
③接触国内外经典作品使他如此学识渊博。
domestic
and
foreign
classics
has
made
him
so
knowledgeable.?
考点必记
①expose
sth/sb/oneself
(to
sth/sb)使……暴露(于);使面临;使接触
keep/be
exposed
to处于可能受伤害的境遇
②exposed
adj.无遮蔽的;不挡风雨的;易受攻击的
exposure
n.面临,遭受;揭露
[写作佳句]
A
wise
student
never
exposes
himself
to
the
slightest
possibility
of
danger.一个明智的学生从不会置自己于丝毫可能的危险中。
2.classifyvt.把……分类
[教材原句]Yang
Ming
hates
being
called
an
alcoholic,but
it
is
the
fact
that
people
have
classified
his
music
as
“noise”
that
upsets
him
most.(P20)除了讨厌被人叫作酒鬼,他最伤心的是人们将他的音乐归类为“噪音”。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Would
you
classify
her
novels
serious
literature
or
others??
②The
books
in
the
library
(classify)
according
to
subjects.?
③In
the
study,families
are
classified
their
income.?
[小话题写作]
④把垃圾进行分类不仅可以保护环境,还可以有助于废物利用。
?
?
考点必记
①classify...into...把……分成……
classify...according
to/by...按……分类
classify...as...把……定为……
②classified
adj.分类的
[写作佳句]
Every
pupil
has
his
own
potential
so
it
is
not
proper
to
classify
them
into
two
kinds.每个学生都有他自己的潜力,因此把他们划为两类是不合适的。
3.appointvt.任命,委任;约定,指定
[教材原句]Do
you
know
I
was
appointed
head
of
the
student
union?(P23)你知道我被任命为学生会主席了吗?
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①After
graduation,she
was
appointed
assistant
in
English
in
a
university.?
②—Good
morning,Mr
Lee’s
office.
—Good
morning.I’d
like
to
make
an
(appoint)
for
next
Wednesday
afternoon.(2018·北京卷,单项填空)?
③A
committee
has
been
appointed
(look)
into
the
matter.?
[完成句子]
④自从他被任命为我们班班长以来,他已经组织了很多有意义的活动。
Since
he
monitor
of
our
class,he
has
organized
quite
a
lot
of
meaningful
activities.?
考点必记
①appoint
sb(to
be/as)...任命某人为……
appoint
sb
to
do
sth委派某人做某事
appoint
sb
to
sp委派某人到某处任职
②appointment
n.任命,委任,约会
appointed
adj.指定的,约定的
make
an
appointment约定时间
have
an
appointment
有约会
keep/cancel
an
appointment守约/取消约会
4.possessionn.私有物品;拥有,持有
[教材原句]You’re
always
going
off
with
my
possessions
and
not
giving
them
back.(P23)你总是私自拿走我的物品,且不归还。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①This
painting
is
of
great
value.How
did
it
come
your
possession??
②There
are
several
reasons
to
believe
that
the
urges
to
help,inform
and
share
are
not
taught,but
naturally
(possess)
in
young
children.?
③All
customers
travelling
on
TransLink
services
must
be
in
(possess)
of
a
valid
ticket
before
boarding.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解A篇)?
[完成句子]
④站在那儿的年轻女子拥有这家公司。
The
young
lady
standing
there
is
the
company.?
考点必记
①in
the
possession
of=in
one’s
possession
为……所占/拥有
in
possession
of
sth拥有某物
come
into
one’s
possession
落入某人手中,为某人所拥有
a
man
of
great
possessions富人
personal
possessions私人物品
take
possession
of拥有,占领
②possess
v.拥有,持有
be
possessed
of拥有(品质、特征等),具有,占有
[名师点津]
in
possession
of
sth表示某人拥有某物,而in
the
possession
of
sb则表示某物为某人所拥有,有无冠词意义不同。
5.remarkv.评论;谈论;说起;谈到 n.谈论;言论;评述
[教材原句]One
of
their
men,speaking
in
English,remarked
that
he
had
worked
in
England
for
some
years
and
that
he
was
fed
up
to
the
neck
with
this
war
and
would
be
glad
when
it
was
over.(P24)他们有个人说英语,提到了他在英国工作过几年,他说他对这场该死的战争早就烦透了,如果战争结束他会非常高兴。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①A
local
newspaper
remarked
in
America
crime
was
on
the
increase.?
②My
life
improved
(remark)
when
I
discovered
art.?
③All
of
this
makes
the
actions
of
the
homeless
Tom
Smith
even
more
(remark).(2018·北京卷,完形填空)?
[小话题写作]
④校长说作为成年人,我们需要肩负更多的责任。(2020·天津卷,书面表达)
?
?
考点必记
①remark
on/upon对……进行评论
remark
that...评论……
②remarkable
adj.不平常的;值得注意的;非凡的
remarkably
adv.不平常地;值得注意地;非凡地
be
remarkable
for因……而著名
[写作佳句]
From
my
point
of
view,it’s
rude
to
remark
the
appearance
of
other
people.依我看,对别人的相貌进行评论是粗鲁的。
6.distributevt.分发,分配,散布,分布
[教材原句]Bill
distributed
the
beer
among
us
and
we
consumed
the
lot.(P24)比尔把啤酒分给大家,我们喝了很多。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Clothes,blankets,foods
and
drinks
have
been
distributed
the
refugees.?
②The
(distribute)
of
these
languages
is
hugely
uneven.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
[完成句子]
③这种蝴蝶在我国广泛分布。
This
species
of
butterfly
widely
our
country.?
考点必记
①distribute
sth
to/among把某物分(发、配)给……
distribute...over...把……配给(分散、分布于)……
②distribution
n.分配,分发
[写作佳句]
Our
school
often
distributes
rewards
to
those
who
deserve
them.我们学校经常对那些应受到奖励的人给予奖赏。
7.intendvt.想要,打算,意图;意指
[教材原句]Unless
I
receive
a
positive
reply
within
the
next
three
weeks,I
intend
to
make
further
action.(P26)
除非我在接下来的三个星期内收到肯定的答复,否则我打算采取进一步的行动。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①The
journey
was
intended
(achieve)
more
than
what
Captain
Robert
Falcon
Scott
had
done.?
②Understanding
her
good
(intend),I
eat
all
the
food
that
is
provided
by
Mom
with
appreciation.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,短文改错)?
③In
the
village,people
often
eat
until
they
are
80%
full,in
which
case,however,this
healthy
eating
habit
had
been
intended
(cope)
with
food
shortage
at
first.?
[完成句子]
④豪尔本打算告诉那位妈妈真相,但进一步考虑后,他打消了这个念头。
Howl
the
mother
the
truth,but
on
second
thoughts,he
gave
up
the
idea.?
考点必记
①intend
to
do/doing
sth打算做某事
intend
sb
to
do
sth打算让某人做某事
be
intended
for为……打算(或设计)的
with
the
intention
of
doing
sth为了;以……为目的
have
no
intention
of
doing
sth不打算做某事
intention
of
doing/to
do
sth想要做某事
without
intention无意地
with
good
intentions善意地,诚意地
②intention
n.意图;目的
[名师点津]
“had
intended
to
do/that从句”常用以表示“本打算做……(而未做)”。
8.expensen.费用,开支;代价;做某工作或为某目的花费的钱(pl.)
[教材原句]The
film
All
Quiet
on
the
Western
Front
was
made
in
1930
at
huge
expense
with
what
was
then
an
enormous
budget
of
one
and
a
quarter
million
dollars.(P27)电影《安静的西部战线》于1930年制作,耗资巨大,当时花了一百二十五万美元。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①This
pie
graph
shows
one
month’s
(expense).?
②The
cars
were
produced
quickly
the
expense
of
safety.?
[小话题写作]
③他获得了名声,却牺牲了健康和幸福。
?
?
考点必记
at
one’s
expense=at
the
expense
of
sb由某人付钱;花某人的钱
at
the
expense
of以……为代价;牺牲……
at
any
expense=at
any
cost不管花多少钱;不管牺牲多大
spare
no
expense不惜花费;不惜费用
regardless
of
expense不惜花费;不惜费用
9.handover把……交给,交出,移交(权力,责任)
[教材原句]Friction
between
the
family-run
business
and
the
military
government
first
became
serious
when
the
owner
wouldn’t
handover
his
“secret
recipe”.(P19)当所有者不移交他的“秘方”时,家族企业与军方之间的摩擦首先变得严重起来。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①She
said
with
a
smile,
(hand)
over
seven
tickets.?
②Within
a
short
time,however,the
burden
of
caring
for
the
animal
is
handed
over
the
parents.?
③My
washing
machine
is
being
repaired
this
week,so
I
have
to
wash
my
clothes
hand.(2018·天津卷,单项填空)?
[完成句子]
④中国女排的精神必须代代相传。
The
spirit
of
Chinese
Women’s
Volleyball
Team
must
from
generation
to
generation.?
考点必记
hand
back归还
hand
down传给(后代)
hand
out分发
hand
in交上,提交
hand
in
hand手拉手
by
hand手工
10.sortout解决(问题或困难);挑出;拣出;整理
[教材原句]Well,what
I
suggest
is
that
you
come
along
to
our
office
with
a
doctor’s
certificate
and
we
can
sortout
the
money
for
your
injury
on
the
spot.(P28)哦,我建议你带着医生的证明来我们办公室,我们可以当场为你赔偿受伤的费用。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Sort
these
papers
and
fasten
them
together
with
a
clip,please.?
②I
can’t
make
what
that
sign
says;it’s
too
far
away.?
③I
must
clear
the
garage,and
there’s
hardly
enough
room
for
the
car.?
[完成句子]
④最后我抽出时间来把所有的书都归类。
At
last
I
spared
some
time
to
different
categories.?
考点必记
sort
sth
out
(from
sth)(从……中)区分出来;辨别出来
sort
through
sth
(for
sth)翻查;归整
sort...into...把……分成……
make
out理解,辨认出;起草,说明
pick
out挑选
clear
out清除
[写作佳句]
While
sortingthrough
a
pile
of
old
photographs,David
ran
across
the
photo
taken
when
he
was
only
one.在把一堆旧照片进行整理时,戴维看到了那张他一岁时拍的照片。
11.nosooner...than...句型
[教材原句]Nosooner
had
they
moved
in
than
the
noise
began
and
rarely
did
they
get
a
full
night’s
sleep.(P20)他们刚一搬进去,声音就开始了,几乎没有睡过一个好觉。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①No
sooner
had
he
heard
the
news
he
began
to
cry.?
②Hardly
had
the
lady
got
off
the
bus
she
realized
that
she
had
lost
her
necklace.?
[句式升级]
Ann
had
finished
washing
the
clothes
when
her
mother
told
her
to
sweep
the
floor.
→③ finished
washing
the
clothes
than
her
mother
told
her
to
sweep
the
floor.?
→④ washing
the
clothes
when
her
mother
told
her
to
sweep
the
floor.?
考点必记
①no
sooner...than...表示“一……就……”,no
sooner所在部分应用过去完成时态,把no
sooner放在句首时,前一分句使用部分倒装结构。
②该结构和hardly/scarcely...when...结构表达的意义相同,结构也相同。注意:这两个结构都用以描述过去的情况。
[写作佳句]
Nosoonerhad
Miss
Chen
entered
her
office
than
some
students
ran
to
her
and
sent
her
some
flowers,saying
“Happy
birthday”.陈老师一进办公室,一些学生就跑向她,送给她一些花,并说“生日快乐”。
12.climboutofthetrench爬出战壕
[教材原句]Two
of
our
men
then
threw
their
equipment
off
and
climbedoutofthetrench
with
their
hands
above
their
heads
as
our
representatives.(P24)我们中的两个人作为代表,扔掉装备,从战壕中爬出来,手举在头上。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It’s
dangerous
for
a
kid
to
stick
its
head
out
a
car
while
it’s
running.?
②—What
happened
today?You
were
looking
extremely
good
at
the
start.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,听力)
—I
blew
it!The
car
was
a
bit
out
of (control).?
[完成句子]
③我不确定我和那头不知从哪儿出现的雌性大猩猩谁更害怕。(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)
I’m
not
sure
who
is
more
frightened,me
or
the
female
gorilla
(大猩猩)
that
suddenly
appears
.?
④这本词典过时了,自从它出版以来,这门语言已增添了许多单词。
The
dictionary
is
:many
words
have
been
added
to
the
language
since
it
was
published.?
[小话题写作]
⑤那位妈妈站在那儿一直到看不见她儿子所乘的车。
The
mother
stood
there
until
the
train
her
son
was
on
was .?
考点必记
句中的climb
out
of
the
trench表示“爬出战壕”。注意下面含有out
of的短语:
out
of
work失业
out
of
one’s
reach够不着
out
of
repair失修
out
of
order有毛病
out
of
date过时
out
of
danger脱险
out
of
sight看不见
out
of
question毫无疑问
out
of
the
question不可能
out
of
shape变形
out
of
control失控
out
of
range在……范围之外
13.as...as...句型
[教材原句]...their
trenches
were
in
as
bad
a
state
as
our
own.(P24)……他们的战壕和我们的战壕状况一样差。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①As
with
English
study,listening
is
important
as
reading.?
②However,race
walking
does
not
pound
the
body
as
as
running
does,Dr.Norberg
says.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
[完成句子]
③家庭也可以与小到7岁的儿童一起体验家庭野营计划。(2018·北京卷,阅读理解B篇)
Families
can
enjoy
the
experience
together,too,with
Family
Camp
programs
for
families
with
children
7.?
考点必记
①as...as...是同类比较的一种常用结构,表示“……和……一样……”,两个as之间应用形容词或副词原级。
②否定句可用not
as...as...或not
so...as...。
③中间的形容词如果修饰单数可数名词,则应用as+
adj.+a(n)+n.结构。
[写作佳句]
Write
another
email
asswiftlyas
you
can.尽可能快地再写一封电子邮件。
14.“the+比较级,the+比较级”句型
[教材原句]In
fact,themore
I
use
the
bike,the
more
weight
I
seem
to
put
on,despite
following
the
instruction
manual
carefully.(P26)事实上,虽然我按照说明认真去做,但是我骑车的次数越多,体重增加的就越多。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①The
more
stress
you
are
under,the
(good)
your
performance
will
be.?
②The
stronger
a
reusable
bag
is,the
(long)
its
life
and
the
more
plastic-bag
use
it
cancels
out.(2018·浙江卷,阅读理解B篇)?
[完成句子]
③你越是练习某件事,你就将变得越擅长它。
you
practice
something, you
will
become.?
考点必记
“the+比较级,the+比较级”是固定句型,表示“越……,就越……”。前面的“the+比较级”相当于一个条件状语从句,后面的“the+比较级”相当于一个主句,故后者如果用一般将来时态,前者一般用一般现在时。
[写作佳句]
Thestronger
you
are,themore
energetic
you
will
feel.你身体越壮实,你就会感到越精力充沛。
随堂巩固迁移运用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The
longest
track
and
field
event
at
the
Summer
Olympics
is
the
50-kilometer
race
walk,which
is
about
five
miles
(long)than
the
marathon.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
2.He
likes
that
he
can
sit
and
check
his
phone
peace...(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
3.Whaley
recalls(回想起)
how
at
the
beginning
of
the
year,when
(call)
upon
to
read,Chris
would
excuse
himself
to
go
to
the
bathroom.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
4.As
a
Chinese,I
have
been
exposed
Chinese
culture
especially
Chinese
paintings
since
I
was
a
little
child.?
5.Filled
with
(curious),the
artist
packed
his
bags
and
left.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)?
6.There,among
many
other
things,Nicolo
(spot)two
paintings
he
thought
would
look
nice
above
his
dining
room
table.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,完形填空)?
7.Living
near
the
busy
street,we
couldn’t
bear
the
crowded
suite.
could
we
stand
the
noise
even
in
the
midnight.?
Ⅱ.选短语填空
no
sooner...than,give
sb
a
lift,send
for,come
about,hand
over,die
out
1.
did
she
leave
my
doorstep
I
had
emails
from
two
women
whose
kids
went
to
my
son’s
nursery
and
who
recognized
my
face.?
2.Actually,I’m
driving
to
the
supermarket.So
I
can
you
.?
3.She
would
like
to
get
rid
of
the
responsibility
for
that
job,but
there
doesn’t
seem
to
be
anyone
fit
to
to.?
4.This
species
of
dolphin
is
on
the
way
to
.?
5.The
dog
is
badly
ill.I
think
you
should
a
vet
right
away.?
6.Because
of
being
drunk,the
driver
couldn’t
tell
how
the
accident
had
.?
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容
During
the
basketball
game
yesterday
afternoon,trying
to
catch
the
ball,Su
Hua
and
Li
Jiang
ran
into
each
other,1. (造成了严重的争吵).To
be
honest,it
was
Su’s
fault
but
Li
was
also
to
blame
because
neither
of
them
was
calm
enough
and
both
said
some
really
mean
things.They
cared
too
much
about
winning
and
losing.
2. (事实上),blocking,pushing
and
bumping
are
just
part
of
a
tough
game.?
Conflicts
with
others
are
common
in
everyday
life.To
avoid
such
conflicts,we
should
be
kind
to
one
another,3. (这对于享受和谐的生活十分重要).4. (原谅与忘记也是一种美德),especially
in
such
a
competitive
and
stressful
society.5. (不应当责备彼此),we
should
communicate
more
and
put
ourselves
in
others’
place.?
Don’t
be
self-centered
and
try
to
be
considerate.We
must
learn
to
handle
conflicts
calmly
and
wisely.
Unit23 Conflict
核心考点·课堂突破
1.①to ②Exposure ③Being
exposed
to
2.①as ②are
classified ③by ④Classifying
the
garbage
can
not
only
help
protect
the
environment
but
also
do
good
to
reusing
the
rubbish.
3.①as ②appointment ③to
look ④was
appointed
4.①into ②possessed ③possession ④in
possession
of
5.①that ②remarkably ③remarkable ④The
headmaster
remarked
that
we
should
undertake
more
responsibilities
as
adults.
6.①among/to ②distribution ③is;distributed
over
7.①to
achieve ②intentions ③to
cope ④had
intended
to
tell
8.①expenses ②at ③His
fame
was
bought
at
the
expense
of
his
health
and
happiness.
9.①handing ②to ③by ④be
handed
down
10.①out ②out ③out ④sort
all
my
books
into
11.①than ②when ③No
sooner
had
Ann ④Hardly/Scarcely
had
Ann
finished
12.①of ②control ③out
of
nowhere ④out
of
date ⑤out
of
sight
13.①as ②much ③as
young
as
14.①better ②longer ③The
more;the
better
at
it
随堂巩固·迁移运用
Ⅰ.1.longer 2.in 3.called 4.to 5.curiosity 6.spotted
7.Neither/Nor
Ⅱ.1.No
sooner;than 2.give;a
lift 3.hand
over 4.dying
out
5.send
for 6.come
about
Ⅲ.1.resulting
in
a
horrible
quarrel
2.As
a
matter
of
fact
3.which
is
essential
to
enjoying
a
harmonious
life
4.It
is
also
a
virtue
to
forgive
and
forget
5.Instead
of
blaming
each
other
PAGEUnit24 Society
(主题语境:人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通)
核心考点课堂突破
1.abundantadj.大量的;丰富的
[教材原句]There
have
also
sadly
been
abundant
cases
of
violence
at
home.(P33)令人难过的是,也有很多家庭暴力案件。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Many
of
us
love
July
because
it’s
the
month
when
nature’s
berries
and
stone
fruits
are
abundance.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②Bamboo
plants
are
associated
with
health, (abundant)
and
a
happy
home.They
are
easy
to
care
for
and
make
great
presents.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空)?
③This
reminded
me
of
the
(abundant)
kindness
in
the
world.?
[完成句子]
④当谈及购物体验,香港物品丰富!
When
it
comes
to
shopping
experience,Hong
Kong
has
goods
!?
[小话题写作]
⑤到达农场之后我们发现那儿的产品十分丰富。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
On
arrival
at
the
farm,we
found produce
there.?
考点必记
①abundant
evidence/kindness大量证据/善行
be
abundant
in富于……,……很丰富
②abundance
n.丰富
an
abundance
of丰富的,许多的
in
abundance大量,富裕
[写作佳句]
Our
planet
is
abundant
in
natural
resources,but
if
we
go
on
wasting,they
will
sooner
or
later
run
out.我们的星球自然资源丰富,但是如果我们继续浪费,它们迟早会被耗尽。
2.accumulatev.积累;逐渐增加
[教材原句]In
this
spending
circle,on
the
one
hand,we
accumulate
possessions
but
never
feel
like
we
have
enough.(P34)在这个消费圈里,我们一方面积累财产但是永远感觉不到足够。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①After
all,isn’t
(accumulate)
memories
a
way
of
preserving
the
past??
②By
investing
wisely
he
accumulated
fortune.?
③Her
mean
father’s
only
interest
was
the
(accumulate)
of
money.?
[完成句子]
④通过记日记,我们可以积累丰富的英语知识,并灵活地运用它们。
Through
keeping
a
diary,we
can
and
use
it
flexibly.?
考点必记
①accumulate
a
fortune
积累一笔财富
accumulate
to逐渐增加到……
accumulation
of
wealth/money/knowledge/memories...财富/钱/知识/记忆等的积累
②accumulation
n.积累
[写作佳句]
Only
by
working
hard
can
you
accumulate
a
fortune.你只有努力工作才能积累财富。
3.burdenn.重担,负担 v.使担负
[教材原句]Instead,they
feel
like
a
burden
because
every
month
we
have
to
hand
over
most
of
the
money
we
earn
to
pay
for
them.(P34)相反,它们感觉像是一种负担,因为我们每月都要将挣来的大部分的钱拿出来还款。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Buying
a
house
often
places
a
large
financial
burden
young
couples.?
②The
girl
is
only
fifteen
years
old,but
she
has
to
be
burdened
her
family.?
③The
old
man
doesn’t
want
to
be
burden
to
their
children.?
[完成句子]
④一个高中生肩负着太多的期待,他/她就将变得越来越不自信。
When
a
senior
high
school
student
too
many
expectations,he/she
will
become
less
and
less
confident.?
考点必记
to
be
a
burden
to/on
sb/sth是某人/物的负担
to
bear/ease/share
the
burden承受/减轻/分担重担
place
a
burden
on
sb给……负担
burden
sb/oneself
with...装载……;使某人负担……
be
burdened
with...负担;为……所累
[写作佳句]
She
wasburdenedwith
nearly
the
full
responsibility
of
running
the
farm.她几乎一个人负担着经营农场的责任。
4.vacantadj.未住人的,空置的;空缺的;空虚的,茫然的
[教材原句]Surely
we’re
still
better
off
than
those
who
wear
rags
and
sleep
on
the
streets
or
in
vacant
buildings...(P34)当然我们仍旧比那些穿着破衣烂衫,睡在街道上或者空置的大楼里的人的生活好得多……
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①剧院里有许多空座位。
There
are
many
in
the
theatre.?
②他凝望着天空,一脸茫然若失的样子。
He
stared
into
space
on
his
face.?
[小话题写作]
③在成人礼现场,所有的师生都在聆听校长的演讲,座无虚席。(2020·天津卷,书面表达)
At
the
coming-of-age
ceremony,all
the
teachers
and
students
were
listening
to
the
headmaster’s
speech .?
考点必记
vacant
seats空座位
a
vacant
expression茫然若失的表情
[名师点津]
vacant表示“空置的,未被占用的”,也指职位“空缺的”,而empty表示“空的”,说明某一空间或容器内什么都没有。
5.feastn.(宗教的)节日;盛宴,宴会 vt.尽情享用(美味佳肴)
[教材原句]The
meals
are
usually
feasts
because
there
is
such
a
surplus
of
good
food.(P36)这些餐通常是盛宴,因为这里有很多美食。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①We
feasted
chicken
and
roast
potatoes.?
②Our
reporter
feasted
his
eyes
the
beautiful
scene
of
Venice.?
[小话题写作]
③采摘之后我们一致决定晚上一起举办一场盛宴来庆祝我们的劳动成果。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
?
?
考点必记
a
feast
for
……的盛宴
feast
one’s
eyes
on
尽情欣赏(艺术品、景色等)
feast
on
sth尽情享用某物
[写作佳句]
The
celebration
ceremony
of
the
70th
anniversary
of
the
founding
of
the
People’s
Republic
of
China
was
really
a
feast
for
eyes.新中国成立七十周年庆典真是一场视觉盛宴。
6.electvt.选举,推选
[教材原句]There
is
a
leader
in
each
area
of
the
town
and
each
town
has
an
elected
leader.(P36)城镇的每个区域都有一位领导人,每个城镇都有一位选举出来的领导人。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①They
elected
Mr
Johnson
(be)
their
representative.?
②It
was
a
big
surprise
to
many
people
that
Tom
was
elected
the
president.?
③
(select)
something
around
you
that
you
share
with
the
other
person.?
[完成句子]
④正如大多数同事所期望的,Lisa当选公司总裁,这也令她父母十分开心。
Lisa’s
the
president
of
the
company,as
most
colleagues
had
expected,made
her
parents
very
happy.?
考点必记
①elect
sb
to
be...选举某人担任……
elect
sb
as...推选某人为……
elect
to
do
sth选择/决定做……
②election
n.选举,推选(尤指从政)
elective
adj.选举的,由选举产生的;选修的
elector
n.选民,有选举权的人
[词汇辨析]
①elect“选举”,指通过正式方式选择,后接人及所任职位。
②select“挑选”,指在同类的许多东西中,仔细慎重地加以选择,标准较为严格。
7.undertakevt.负责,着手做,从事;承担;承诺,答应
[教材原句]Conditions
improved
a
great
deal
and
the
government
undertook
the
preservation
of
many
of
the
oldest
hutongs.(P38)胡同的条件得到了很大的改善,政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Nobody
can
undertake
you’ll
make
a
profit
if
you
don’t
persist.?
②University
professors
both
teach
and
undertake
(do)
research
jobs.?
[完成句子]
③这样做,就应该帮着理解人们为什么会进行志愿工作,是什么让他们在这项工作中保持兴趣。
To
do
so,it
should
help
to
understand
volunteer
work
and
what
keeps
their
interest
in
the
work.?
考点必记
undertake
sth从事/承担某事
undertake
to
do...答应做……
undertake
that...答应……
[写作佳句]
We
must
act
as
quickly
as
possible
now.Just
tell
us
whether
you
undertake
the
task
or
not.现在我们必须尽快采取行动。你就告诉我们你能否承担这项任务吧。
8.comeintobeing形成,存在,出现;产生
[教材原句]If
laws
such
as
these
cameintobeing,a
huge
adjustment
would
be
required
and
there
would
certainly
be
diverse
reactions.(P34)如果像这样的法律能够形成的话,社会将需要做巨大的调整,而人们的反应也一定会各有不同。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①According
to
Chinese
medicine,when
yin
and
yang
are
unbalance,dreams
come
being.?
[完成句子]
②当那些鸟靠近时,它们的颜色清晰了。
When
those
birds
came
near,their
colours
.?
③我们走啊走,终于看到了大海。
We
walked
and
walked,and
the
sea
in
the
end.?
④那次战争后,这个政党开始执政。
After
the
war,this
party
.?
[小话题写作]
⑤大约两个小时的车程后,农场出现在我们的眼前。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
?
?
考点必记
come
into
focus明白易懂,轮廓明显
come
into
effect生效
come
into
contact
with与……接触
come
into
existence存在
come
into
fashion流行起来
come
into
power执政
come
into
service开始应用
come
into
sight/view出现
[写作佳句]
These
and
other
measures
should
have
comeintoeffect
in
1985.这些和其他的一些措施本该在1985年就生效的。
9.showoff炫耀,夸耀;卖弄;显示
[教材原句]Nobody
has
any
desire
to
showoff
and
gold
and
silver
have
no
value—unlike
in
our
society.(P36)没有人想要炫耀,黄金和白银没有价值,这与我们的社会不同。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It’s
bad
manners
to
show
your
wealth
before
others.?
②I
can’t
wait
to
show
you
our
beautiful
villages.?
③The
first
aircraft
carrier
of
China
has
shown
in
the
sea.?
[完成句子]
④终于,经过几个星期的准备,罗斯将在一次舞蹈表演上展示她的努力成果。
Finally,after
weeks
of
preparation,Rose
would
all
her
hard
work
in
a
dance
performance.?
考点必记
show
sb
sth=show
sth
to
sb给某人看某物
show
sb
the
door逐客,要某人离开
show
sb
around
a
place带领某人参观某地
show
up到场,露面;变得明显,显现出来;使人难堪
[写作佳句]
We
supported
each
other
financially
and
by
showingup
at
events.我们在经济上相互支持,大事都到场。
10.knockintosb撞上某人
[教材原句]There
is
a
car
accident
there
at
least
once
a
week
and
today
I
nearly
knockedinto
somebody
crossing
the
road!(P36)那儿每周至少发生一次车祸,今天我差点撞上一个过马路的人。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①A
child
was
in
hospital
last
night
after
being
knocked
by
a
car.?
②Just
last
year,I
was
conducting
a
workshop
when
someone
knocked
the
classroom
door.?
③Mike
knocked
a
girl
while
walking
in
the
park.?
[完成句子]
④那位服务员因撞翻了玻璃杯而向那位客人道歉。
The
waiter
made
an
apology
to
the
guest
for
his
the
glass.?
考点必记
knock
about/around闲逛,漫游
knock
down撞倒;打倒;拆除
knock
at(on)敲门(窗)
knock
against撞击,偶然遇见
knock
off减价;中断
knock
over撞翻,撞倒
knock
out击倒;淘汰
[写作佳句]
To
our
surprise,the
American
team
was
knockedout
in
the
first
round.令我们感到意外的是,美国队第一轮就被淘汰了。
11.inthehopethat...希望……
[教材原句]Sometimes
we
try
to
deposit
a
little
or
change
our
money
into
different
countries’
currencies
inthehopethat
we
can
make
even
more
money.(P34)有时我们试图存上一些钱,或者把我们的钱换成不同国家的货币,希望我们能赚更多的钱。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①He
fears
the
worst,but
hopes
the
best.(2018·浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)?
②Ann
intended
to
ring
her
up
again
the
hope
that
she
didn’t
change
her
mind.?
[小话题写作]
③Jones
一家搬到了中国乡村希望过上一种简单的生活。
The
Jones
moved
to
rural
China they
could
live
a
simple
life.?
考点必记
①in
the
hope
that...表示“希望……”。that引导的是一个同位语从句,此处它可用hoping
that...代替。
②类似地,in
the
belief
that...表示“相信……”。
③hope
for
sth希望……
[写作佳句]
All
the
audience
were
seated
in
the
stadium,hopingfor
an
excellent
match.所有的观众都坐在体育馆里,希望能有一场精彩的比赛。
12.比较级叠用句型
[教材原句]Thus,the
circle
goes
round
and
round
and
gets
moreandmorecomplicated.(P34)这样,这个圈子不停地转,变得越来越复杂。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①琼斯夫人发现她十岁的儿子越来越善解人意了。
Mrs
Jones
found
that
her
ten-year-old
son
was
.?
②一旦那样的事发生,我只是不断地把我的学习推得越来越晚。(2018·浙江卷,完形填空)
Once
that
happened,I
just
kept
pushing
my
studying
back
in
my
day.?
[小话题写作]
③正如全世界人民所见,中国现在正变得越来越强大。
?
?
考点必记
①比较级叠用表示“越来越……”。
②加more构成的比较级,只需要重复使用more,形容词或副词本身则不需要重复。
13.not...but...不是……而是……
[教材原句]Not
increased
happiness,but
stress
and
less
free
time
to
be
ourselves
and
enjoy
being
with
our
friends
and
families.(P34)(结果)不是更快乐了,而是压力(增加了),独处和享受与朋友、家人共处的自由支配时间更少了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Not
his
sister
but
his
two
cousins
(go)
to
Hainan
Island,and
have
never
been
seen.?
②To
those
children,what
they
hope
to
get
is
not
money
love.?
[小话题写作]
③真正打动我们的是他的责任感而不是措施本身。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
?
?
考点必记
①此处的not...but...“不是……而是……”,表示取舍关系,常连接主语、表语和宾语。
②当not...but...连接句子主语时,谓语动词应按就近一致原则来确定人称和数。
③but在此结构中是一个介词,它还常用作并列连词,表示转折,连接并列句。
[写作佳句]
Do
you
know
it
is
not
your
toilet
but
your
kitchen
sponge(海绵)that
can
carry
more
germs
than
anything
else?你知道不是你的厕所而是你厨房的海绵比其他任何东西都带有更多的细菌吗?
14.It’s(high/about)timethat...句型
[教材原句]As
a
society,it’shightimethat
we
took
these
issues
more
seriously.(P34)作为一个社会来说,是我们该更加认真地对待这些问题的时候了。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①It’s
time
that
you
(concentrate)
on
your
study.?
[完成句子]
②随着你技能的提高,该是你和队友进行比赛的时候了,这最会让你兴奋。
With
your
skills
improving,it’s
time
that
you
your
teammates,which
excites
you
most.?
③该是政府采取措施阻止这样的事情再发生的时候了。
It’s
high
time
that
the
government
to
stop
such
things
from
happening
again.?
[小话题写作]
④作为成年人,现在是我们应当考虑多为社会做贡献的时候了。(2020·天津卷,书面表达)
As
adults
now, more
contributions
to
the
society.?
考点必记
①It’s(high/about)time
that...早该做某事了;是做某事的时间了。
②在that从句中,谓语动词应用过去时态。
③在It’s
time后跟名词时,应用It’s
time
for+n.结构。
④也常用结构It’s
time(for
sb)to
do
sth表示“该是某人做某事的时候了”。
[写作佳句]
It’shightimethat
all
people
took
action
to
put
rubbish
into
different
dustbins.现在是所有人应行动起来将垃圾放入不同垃圾箱的时候了。
15.I’dratherthat...句型
[教材原句]I’drather
you
didn’t
bite
your
fingernails
in
front
of
me.(P35)我宁愿你不在我面前咬你的手指甲。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①They
would
rather
that
they
(hide)
in
the
cave
last
Sunday
when
it
was
raining.?
②I’d
rather
that
our
Chinese
teacher
(tell)us
more
interesting
stories
in
tomorrow’s
class.?
③She
was
displeased
with
absolutely
everything,nothing
was
right
and
I
was
rather
(surprise)
that
she
became
a
“regular”.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,完形填空)?
[完成句子]
④比尔宁愿选择到中国学习。
Bill
would
rather
he to
study
in
China.?
考点必记
①I’d
rather
that...句型表示“我宁愿……”。
②该句型后面的从句应用虚拟语气,表示现在或将来情况时从句用过去时,表示过去情况时从句则应用过去完成时。
[写作佳句]
During
the
holiday,I’drather
I
paid
a
visit
to
the
countryside
to
help
my
grandmother
raise
the
chickens.假期,我宁愿去乡下帮助奶奶养鸡。
随堂巩固迁移运用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Data
about
the
moon’s
composition,such
as
how
much
ice
and
other
treasures
it
(contain),could
help
China
decide
whether
its
plans
for
a
future
lunar(月球的)
base
are
practical.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)?
2.Orange
trees
are
more
decoration;they
are
a
symbol
of
good
fortune
and
wealth.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空)?
3.Whatever
it
is,the
result
is
a
fine
and
vivid
(describe)of
the
purest
of
Central
Asian
traditions.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
4.This
new
start
gave
me
an
opportunity
to
redefine
myself
and
discover
an
(entire)
new
version
of
“cool”.(2020·天津卷,写作)?
5.And
MP3
players,smart
phones,and
LCD
TVs
entered
homes
in
2002,before
tablets
and
e-readers
showed
in
2007.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
6.Forgotten
something?I
can
keep
an
eye
your
kids
if
you
want
to
go
and
get
it.?
7.Mountains
are
regarded
as
(spirit)
places
by
many
cultures.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)?
Ⅱ.选短语填空
keep
an
eye
on,make
up,break
into,in
rags,feast
on,in
abundance,be
burdened
with,do
away
with
1.Mr
Green
was
surprised
to
find
his
house
.Fortunately,nothing
was
stolen.?
2.Every
afternoon
we
can
see
an
old
beggar
at
the
school
gate
who
I
often
give
away
some
money
to.?
3.Fruit
and
vegetables
grew
on
the
island.?
4.Being
a
capable
manager,Mr
White
many
a
task
in
his
company.?
5.Could
you
please
my
baby
while
I
am
away
to
do
the
shopping??
6.When
I
arrived,I
found
Tom
was
roasted
duck
and
green
peas
alone.?
7.Two
days
after
they
quarreled,Tom’s
parents
and
the
whole
family
now
enjoy
themselves
together.?
8.Hard
as
it
might
seem,you
are
supposed
to
find
some
ways
to
your
anxiety
and
worries.?
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容
David,1. (让我印象最为深刻的人),was
voluntary
to
undertake
the
toughest
task
to
2. (减轻家庭负担)
and
be
better
off
in
the
future
when
he
was
only
eighteen
years
old.?
David
worked
in
a
large
company
3. (在那里他积累了丰富的经验)
and
insisted
that
it
was
employees
that
played
an
important
role
in
the
development
of
the
company.4. (结果是),when
there
was
a
vacant
post,taking
all
things
into
account,the
company
elected
him
vice-president
of
the
company.?
In
his
address,David
said
that
5. (现在是公司做出调整的时候了)
and
kept
an
eye
on
the
development
of
the
staff.Of
course,he
contributed
a
lot
to
the
development
of
his
company.?
Unit24 Society
核心考点·课堂突破
1.①in ②abundance ③abundant ④in
abundance ⑤an
abundance
of
2.①accumulating ②a ③accumulation ④accumulate
rich
English
knowledge
3.①on ②with ③a ④is
burdened
with
4.①vacant
seats ②with
a
vacant
expression ③without
even
a
vacant
seat
5.①on ②on ③After
picking,we
agreed
on
holding
a
feast
together
in
celebration
of
our
labor
work.
6.①to
be ②as ③Select ④being
elected
as
7.①that ②to
do ③why
people
undertake
8.①into ②came
into
focus ③came
into
sight/view ④came
into
power ⑤About
2
hours’
drive,the
farm
finally
came
into
our
sight.
9.①off ②around ③up ④show
off
10.①down ②at ③into ④knocking
over
11.①for ②in ③in
the
hope
that
12.①more
and
more
considerate ②further
and
further ③As
people
throughout
the
world
can
see,China
is
now
becoming
stronger
and
stronger.
13.①have
gone ②but ③What
really
impressed
us
was
not
the
measure
itself
but
his
responsibility.
14.①concentrated ②had
competitions
with ③took
measures ④it’s
high
time
that
we
should
make
15.①had
hidden ②told ③surprised ④had
chosen
随堂巩固·迁移运用
Ⅰ.1.contains 2.than 3.description 4.entirely(entire) 5.up
6.on 7.spiritual
Ⅱ.1.broken
into 2.in
rags 3.in
abundance 4.is
burdened
with
5.keep
an
eye
on 6.feasting
on 7.made
up 8.do
away
with
Ⅲ.1.who
is
the
person
that
impresses
me
most
2.relieve
the
burden
of
the
family
3.where
he
accumulated
abundant
experience
4.Consequently/As
a
result
5.it
was
high
time
that
the
company
made
adjustments
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