状语从句2
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(共90张PPT)
状语从句一般分为九大类
状语从句类别:
时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句 让步状语从句
类别 连 词
时间状语从句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till,until, once, as soon as, no sooner …than, hardly…when , (the first time/immediately,,,)
地点状语从句 where, wherever
原因状语从句 because, since, as, for ,
now that (既然，由于）
in that 由于，因为
目的状语从句 in order that, so that, so, in case
类别 连 词
结果状语从句 ,
条件状语从句
让步状语从句
比较状语从句
方式状语从句
so…that, so that, such…that
if, unless, as(so)long as, provided(that),
on condition that（如果）suppose/supposing that,(假设)
though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as, (whether… or)
no matter when/what/where/which/how
as…as, not so…as, than,
the more…the more
as, just as, as if, as though,
Not… until --- 直到……才
He didn’t leave the office until he finished the work.
=He left the office when he finished the work.
Not …until 可以和 when 互换
①肯定句中，主句用持续动词，表示“直到…为止”。
e.g. I worked till (until) he came back.
② 否定句中，主句用瞬间动词，表示“直到…才”。
e.g. I didn’t go to bed until (till) he came back.
e.g. Until I finished my homework, I didn’t go to bed.
注意：
（5） till/until
句首一般用until。
。
“Not until…did+主语”结构通常用来强调not until引起的时间状语。即“not+until”短语位于句首时，句中的主语 谓语要部分倒装。这种句子常被译为“直到。。。才”。例如：
Not until I finished my homework did I go to bed last night.昨天直到做完家庭作业我才睡觉。
Not until last week did he realize that he was wrong.直到上星期他才认识到他错了。
Before --- 在……之前
The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.
Did you work as a teacher before you come to this company
It was not long before I forgot it all.
(It was /will be …before… 是常用句型)
He ran off before I could stop him.
After --- 在…… 之后
The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.
The plane took off after the air traffic controller gave clearance.
Since ---自从……, 通常主句用现在完成时
I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.
The captain has traveled almost everywhere in the world since he became a pilot.
It is just a week since we arrived here.
(It is /has been… since…+一般过去时是常用句型）
e.g. It is five years since I began to learn English.
As soon as --- 一……就……
Jack went to school as soon as he got well.
I’ll ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.
（2）…as soon as… “ 一…就…”
=The moment /minute/second/instant…
=No sooner ..than../ Hardly…when../ Scarcely…when..
=immediately/instantly
No sooner than --- 一……就……
No sooner had he arrived than the train left.
no sooner… than… 用于句首要求倒装
Hardly …when…
Scarcely …when…
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
Once --- 一但……就……
Every time, each time 每次whenever 每当
Each time he came to town, he would visit our school.
Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.
2.条件状语从句
引导状语从句的连接词有:
If, unless, as long as, in case, provided that, on condition that
If ---如果
If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the plane.
If it snows tomorrow, the flight will be put off.
Unless --- 如果不, 除非=if not
We can’t get there on time unless we take a taxi.
= We cannot get there on time if we don’t take a taxi.
Don’t trouble trouble unless trouble troubles you.
He will not join us unless I join.
As long as --- 只要
We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.
As (so) far as --- 据……所知
As far as I know, he speaks English very well.
As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.
In case --- 以防
Take a phone with you in case you have any difficulty.
On condition that --- 条件是…
He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.
The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he passes his English test.
3.地点状语从句
地点状语从句只有两个连词:
Where, wherever
Where --- 在……地方
Put the medicine where you can get it.
Stand where you are.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Wherever --- 无论哪里
He follows her wherever she goes.
Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.
4.原因状语从句
because, as, since, now that, 和considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱.
语气 位置 意义
because 最强 前或后 “原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“”
as 较强 前 “由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由
since 较弱 前 “既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由
for 最弱 后 “理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由
Because --- 因为,通常从句放在主句后.
I do it because I like it..
He said that he couldn’t work because the computer broke down.
As --- 因为, 通常放在句首
As it is quite windy today, he decides to go to the park.
As he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.
Since ---既然 因语气较弱, 常译为既然
Since everybody has come, we can set off.
Now that --- 既然
Now that you are here, you can join us.
Now that all airlines offer discount prices, we should do the same.
considering that --- 顾及到
Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.
seeing that --- 由于
Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to
put the meeting off.
since：表示“既然”，语气比because弱。
e.g. Since you are here, you must do it.
because, as, since, for的区别
① 在强调句中强调原因状语从句，
只能用because引导，不可用as或
since，如：
It was because he was ill that he didn’t go with us.
② because可以引导表语从句,而
as, since不可以
It’s because he is too lazy.
③ for也表示“因为”，但是并列
连词，它连接的不是状语从
句，语气比较强。
It must be morning, for the birds are singing.
5.结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有：
that, so that, so…that…
such…that
So… that --- 太……以至于 so 后面应用形容词或副词, 有时省略so只用that
Boeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb.
The flight scheduled so early that nobody wanted to look on it.
So that --- 因而，以便，为了 有时so 可以省去
Can you move your luggage a little bit away so that I can put mine in the overhead bin too.
Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.
When you skin your customers, you should leave some skin on to grow so that you can skin them again.
Such …that… ---太……以至于 用法与so…that相同，但such 后面应用名词。
The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.
The Canadian airline’s hangar is such a huge building that it can hold two medium-range jets at the same time.
6.目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的主要连词有:
that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lest
Let’s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.
(So) that --- 以便, 从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等
in order that --- 为了, 与so that 相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等
We stay up late in order that we can pass the exam.
for fear that --- 生怕; 为了防止(某事发生)
He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.
The teacher repeat the answer three times for fear that the students did not pay enough attention to the problem.
in case --- 万一
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.
You should bring a dictionary in case you need it.
Please take an umbrella in case it rains.
7.比较状语从句
引导比较状语从句的连词有：
As…as…, not so (as)…as…, .
…than…, the more… the more...
As…as… --- 像……一样
you need to be at the airport as early as possible.
My grandma told me that her eyesight was as good as 10 years before.
Not so (as)… as… --- 不像……
The flight was not so/as harmful as the captain thought.
He is as tall as I/(me)
…than… ---比……怎么样，用于事物间的比较，more 后面用形容词或副词
American movies are more interesting than Chinese ones.
A beautiful soul is better than a beautiful face.
The more…, the more --- 越…… 越
The more he listened to that song, the less he enjoyed it.
The more I read the book, the more I like it.
8.让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有：
Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while, whether
Though he did his best, he didn’t succeed.
Child though he was, he did quite well.
Although, though ---虽然 although 和though 可以互换，但although 常放在句首。Though可以用于倒装。
（2）though与although同义，不能与but连用，但可以与yet, still等连用，用来加强语气。
Though ( Although ) he was tired, yet (still) he went on working.
As --- 尽管 as 引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与though 互换。
Busy as he is, he never misses a football match.
Hard as she works, she makes little progress.
Even if /even though ---即使,尽管
Even if you don’t like your boss, you should do your work.
Even if he is poor, she likes him.
However --- 不论， however 引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装
He couldn’t get there on time however fast he drove.
The father couldn’t make his daughter smile however hard he tried.
N o matter (what, when, where, how) ---无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样）
The old man wouldn’t believe anything no matter what you said.
Please tell me the result no matter when you get it.
He wouldn’t forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.
I will find you no matter where you hide.
Whatever --- 不管
Whatever other people may say, she won’t change her mind.
Whatever you do, it won’t affect our plan.
While ---尽管
While I have sympathy for you, I can’t help you.
While it’s none of my business, I will watch you.
Whether ---不管，常与or not 连用
Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.
Whether his proposal is practical or not, the department plans to adopt.
9. 方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由:
as, as if, as though
as ---与…… 一样
Do it as I told you.
Leave things as they are.
as if, as though --- 仿佛, 由as if或 as though引导的从句中可用虚拟语气
She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for
someone.
He treats me as if I were his own son.
He walked as if he were drunk.
1.______ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success.
A. If B. Whenever C. Unless D. Whatever
2.It is foolish to take a taxi you can easily
walk to the station.
A. before B. that C. unless D. when
3.I’ll accept any job, _____ I don’t have to get up early.
A. even though B. though C. in case D. as long as
4.___________ problems you have, you can always come to
me for help.
A. What B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Which
5. ______ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do.
A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter
6.----Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her
---- Yes. I gave it to her ______ I saw her.
A. while B. the moment C.suddenly D. once
7. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _______ great it is.
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
8.I hurried _____ I wouldn’t be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
9. John plays football _____ , if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
10. --What was the party like
--Wonderful. It’s years
____ I enjoyed myself so
much.
A. after
B. when
C. before
D. since
11.Don’t change your mind, ______ happens to you.
A. which B. what C. whichever D. whatever
12. ___________ he comes, we won’t be able to go.
A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even
13. Nobody believed him ____________ what he said.
A. even though B. even if C. no matter D. because
14. I was watching TV _______ suddenly the lights went out.
A. when B. while C. as D. for
15. Take your umbrella with you ____________ it rains.
A. if B. as if
C. in case D. as long as
16.No sooner _______ entered the office _______I heard the telephone ringing.
A. had I, when B. I had, than C. had I, than D. I had, when
17. I had hardly arrived _____ he started crying to go home.
A. as B. for C. when D. until
18.It won’t be long ________ you regret what you said.
A. since B. when C. before D. till
19. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she______.
A. will arrive B. arrives C. is going to arrive D. is arriving
20. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As
状语从句一般分为九大类
状语从句类别:
时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句 让步状语从句
类别 连 词
时间状语从句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till,until, once, as soon as, no sooner …than, hardly…when , (the first time/immediately,,,)
地点状语从句 where, wherever
原因状语从句 because, since, as, for ,
now that (既然，由于）
in that 由于，因为
目的状语从句 in order that, so that, so, in case
类别 连 词
结果状语从句 ,
条件状语从句
让步状语从句
比较状语从句
方式状语从句
so…that, so that, such…that
if, unless, as(so)long as, provided(that),
on condition that（如果）suppose/supposing that,(假设)
though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as, (whether… or)
no matter when/what/where/which/how
as…as, not so…as, than,
the more…the more
as, just as, as if, as though,
Not… until --- 直到……才
He didn’t leave the office until he finished the work.
=He left the office when he finished the work.
Not …until 可以和 when 互换
①肯定句中，主句用持续动词，表示“直到…为止”。
e.g. I worked till (until) he came back.
② 否定句中，主句用瞬间动词，表示“直到…才”。
e.g. I didn’t go to bed until (till) he came back.
e.g. Until I finished my homework, I didn’t go to bed.
注意：
（5） till/until
句首一般用until。
。
“Not until…did+主语”结构通常用来强调not until引起的时间状语。即“not+until”短语位于句首时，句中的主语 谓语要部分倒装。这种句子常被译为“直到。。。才”。例如：
Not until I finished my homework did I go to bed last night.昨天直到做完家庭作业我才睡觉。
Not until last week did he realize that he was wrong.直到上星期他才认识到他错了。
Before --- 在……之前
The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.
Did you work as a teacher before you come to this company
It was not long before I forgot it all.
(It was /will be …before… 是常用句型)
He ran off before I could stop him.
After --- 在…… 之后
The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.
The plane took off after the air traffic controller gave clearance.
Since ---自从……, 通常主句用现在完成时
I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.
The captain has traveled almost everywhere in the world since he became a pilot.
It is just a week since we arrived here.
(It is /has been… since…+一般过去时是常用句型）
e.g. It is five years since I began to learn English.
As soon as --- 一……就……
Jack went to school as soon as he got well.
I’ll ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.
（2）…as soon as… “ 一…就…”
=The moment /minute/second/instant…
=No sooner ..than../ Hardly…when../ Scarcely…when..
=immediately/instantly
No sooner than --- 一……就……
No sooner had he arrived than the train left.
no sooner… than… 用于句首要求倒装
Hardly …when…
Scarcely …when…
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
Once --- 一但……就……
Every time, each time 每次whenever 每当
Each time he came to town, he would visit our school.
Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.
2.条件状语从句
引导状语从句的连接词有:
If, unless, as long as, in case, provided that, on condition that
If ---如果
If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the plane.
If it snows tomorrow, the flight will be put off.
Unless --- 如果不, 除非=if not
We can’t get there on time unless we take a taxi.
= We cannot get there on time if we don’t take a taxi.
Don’t trouble trouble unless trouble troubles you.
He will not join us unless I join.
As long as --- 只要
We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.
As (so) far as --- 据……所知
As far as I know, he speaks English very well.
As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.
In case --- 以防
Take a phone with you in case you have any difficulty.
On condition that --- 条件是…
He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.
The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he passes his English test.
3.地点状语从句
地点状语从句只有两个连词:
Where, wherever
Where --- 在……地方
Put the medicine where you can get it.
Stand where you are.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Wherever --- 无论哪里
He follows her wherever she goes.
Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.
4.原因状语从句
because, as, since, now that, 和considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱.
语气 位置 意义
because 最强 前或后 “原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“”
as 较强 前 “由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由
since 较弱 前 “既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由
for 最弱 后 “理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由
Because --- 因为,通常从句放在主句后.
I do it because I like it..
He said that he couldn’t work because the computer broke down.
As --- 因为, 通常放在句首
As it is quite windy today, he decides to go to the park.
As he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.
Since ---既然 因语气较弱, 常译为既然
Since everybody has come, we can set off.
Now that --- 既然
Now that you are here, you can join us.
Now that all airlines offer discount prices, we should do the same.
considering that --- 顾及到
Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.
seeing that --- 由于
Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to
put the meeting off.
since：表示“既然”，语气比because弱。
e.g. Since you are here, you must do it.
because, as, since, for的区别
① 在强调句中强调原因状语从句，
只能用because引导，不可用as或
since，如：
It was because he was ill that he didn’t go with us.
② because可以引导表语从句,而
as, since不可以
It’s because he is too lazy.
③ for也表示“因为”，但是并列
连词，它连接的不是状语从
句，语气比较强。
It must be morning, for the birds are singing.
5.结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有：
that, so that, so…that…
such…that
So… that --- 太……以至于 so 后面应用形容词或副词, 有时省略so只用that
Boeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb.
The flight scheduled so early that nobody wanted to look on it.
So that --- 因而，以便，为了 有时so 可以省去
Can you move your luggage a little bit away so that I can put mine in the overhead bin too.
Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.
When you skin your customers, you should leave some skin on to grow so that you can skin them again.
Such …that… ---太……以至于 用法与so…that相同，但such 后面应用名词。
The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.
The Canadian airline’s hangar is such a huge building that it can hold two medium-range jets at the same time.
6.目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的主要连词有:
that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lest
Let’s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.
(So) that --- 以便, 从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等
in order that --- 为了, 与so that 相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等
We stay up late in order that we can pass the exam.
for fear that --- 生怕; 为了防止(某事发生)
He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.
The teacher repeat the answer three times for fear that the students did not pay enough attention to the problem.
in case --- 万一
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.
You should bring a dictionary in case you need it.
Please take an umbrella in case it rains.
7.比较状语从句
引导比较状语从句的连词有：
As…as…, not so (as)…as…, .
…than…, the more… the more...
As…as… --- 像……一样
you need to be at the airport as early as possible.
My grandma told me that her eyesight was as good as 10 years before.
Not so (as)… as… --- 不像……
The flight was not so/as harmful as the captain thought.
He is as tall as I/(me)
…than… ---比……怎么样，用于事物间的比较，more 后面用形容词或副词
American movies are more interesting than Chinese ones.
A beautiful soul is better than a beautiful face.
The more…, the more --- 越…… 越
The more he listened to that song, the less he enjoyed it.
The more I read the book, the more I like it.
8.让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有：
Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while, whether
Though he did his best, he didn’t succeed.
Child though he was, he did quite well.
Although, though ---虽然 although 和though 可以互换，但although 常放在句首。Though可以用于倒装。
（2）though与although同义，不能与but连用，但可以与yet, still等连用，用来加强语气。
Though ( Although ) he was tired, yet (still) he went on working.
As --- 尽管 as 引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与though 互换。
Busy as he is, he never misses a football match.
Hard as she works, she makes little progress.
Even if /even though ---即使,尽管
Even if you don’t like your boss, you should do your work.
Even if he is poor, she likes him.
However --- 不论， however 引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装
He couldn’t get there on time however fast he drove.
The father couldn’t make his daughter smile however hard he tried.
N o matter (what, when, where, how) ---无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样）
The old man wouldn’t believe anything no matter what you said.
Please tell me the result no matter when you get it.
He wouldn’t forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.
I will find you no matter where you hide.
Whatever --- 不管
Whatever other people may say, she won’t change her mind.
Whatever you do, it won’t affect our plan.
While ---尽管
While I have sympathy for you, I can’t help you.
While it’s none of my business, I will watch you.
Whether ---不管，常与or not 连用
Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.
Whether his proposal is practical or not, the department plans to adopt.
9. 方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由:
as, as if, as though
as ---与…… 一样
Do it as I told you.
Leave things as they are.
as if, as though --- 仿佛, 由as if或 as though引导的从句中可用虚拟语气
She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for
someone.
He treats me as if I were his own son.
He walked as if he were drunk.
1.______ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success.
A. If B. Whenever C. Unless D. Whatever
2.It is foolish to take a taxi you can easily
walk to the station.
A. before B. that C. unless D. when
3.I’ll accept any job, _____ I don’t have to get up early.
A. even though B. though C. in case D. as long as
4.___________ problems you have, you can always come to
me for help.
A. What B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Which
5. ______ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do.
A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter
6.----Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her
---- Yes. I gave it to her ______ I saw her.
A. while B. the moment C.suddenly D. once
7. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _______ great it is.
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
8.I hurried _____ I wouldn’t be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
9. John plays football _____ , if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
10. --What was the party like
--Wonderful. It’s years
____ I enjoyed myself so
much.
A. after
B. when
C. before
D. since
11.Don’t change your mind, ______ happens to you.
A. which B. what C. whichever D. whatever
12. ___________ he comes, we won’t be able to go.
A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even
13. Nobody believed him ____________ what he said.
A. even though B. even if C. no matter D. because
14. I was watching TV _______ suddenly the lights went out.
A. when B. while C. as D. for
15. Take your umbrella with you ____________ it rains.
A. if B. as if
C. in case D. as long as
16.No sooner _______ entered the office _______I heard the telephone ringing.
A. had I, when B. I had, than C. had I, than D. I had, when
17. I had hardly arrived _____ he started crying to go home.
A. as B. for C. when D. until
18.It won’t be long ________ you regret what you said.
A. since B. when C. before D. till
19. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she______.
A. will arrive B. arrives C. is going to arrive D. is arriving
20. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As