中考英语总复习-动词不定式

(共15张PPT)
Lesson 31
The infinitive(2)
动词不定式（二）
构成：to + do(动词原形)
用法：
用作宾语 (v. + to do )
I want to buy a computer.
She hopes to find a better job.
I wish to go with you.
need to do learn to do agree to do
plan to do decide to do refuse to do
begin to do start to do try to do
forget to do remember to do like to do
Stop to do go on to do
2. 用作宾语补足语：(v. + sb. + to do )
She asked me to help her.
The teacher told him to come on time.
Edison’s mother taught him to read and write.
want sb to do wish sb to do
get sb to do order sb to do
find sb to be like sb to do
would like sb to do help sb to do
作宾语补足语不带to 的情况：
Let me do it.
I saw him cross the street.
常见动词有：
使役动词: let, make, have
感官动词: see, watch, hear, feel, listen to
比较：
I heard her singing in the next room.
I heard her sing in the next room.
3. 用作状语(adverbial)：
He came to show me his new CD player.
I went there to see my teacher.
She came back to get her English book.
The boy was too frightened to move.
(目的)
(目的)
(目的)
（结果）
4.用作主语
1.To be here at Christmas time is my dream.
2. To go abroad is his dream.
3. To say is easy, to do is difficult.
（这时可将其用形式主语it来替换）
It is my dream to be here at Christmas time.
It is his dream to go abroad.
It is easy to say, it is difficult to do.
5.用作表语
His work is to feed the animals.
Her job is to look after the patients.
My wish is to be a scientist.
6.用作定语
Give me something to drink.
I have two books to read.
They have much food to eat.
（这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。
若是不及物动词，介词不能省略）
He asked for a room to live in.
I don’t have a pen to write with.
The ice is hard enough to skate on.
He bought a toy to play with.
7.疑问词who, what, which, where, when, how
加to do可构成不定式短语，在句中可用作主语、
宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。
When to start has not been decided.
I don’t know what to do.
He can tell you where to get the book.
The question is who(m) to ask.
(主语)
(宾语)
(宾语补足语)
(表语)
比较（Compare）
I don’t know what to do.
I don’t know how to do it.
I don’t know what to do about it.
Exercises:
1. -- You’ve done very well this time.
-- It’s really kind ________.
A. for you to say so B. for you saying so
C. of you to say so D. of you saying so
2. It is better to lose one’s life than _______.
A. if you lose your spirit
B. losing his spirit
C. to lose one’s spirit
D. your spirit getting lost
C
C
3. – I can’t work in this way.
-- Why not _______ it in some other way
A. try to do B. try doing
C. trying to do D. trying doing
4. Since you find it difficult _______ a decision, you’d better a discussion( 讨论) with your parents.
A. reach; have B. reaching; have
C. reach; having D. to reach; have
B
D
5. My father hates(痛恨) _______. He never allows me _______.
A. to smoke; to smoke
B. smoking; smoking
C. smoke; smoking
D. smoking; to smoke
6. The girl was beginning _______.
A. get angry B. to get angry
C. getting angry D. angry
D
B
7. There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know ________.
A. where to choose B. which to choose
C. what to choose D. to choose which
8. The bag is too heavy for me _______.
A. to carry it B. not to carry it
C. to carry D. not to carry
9. The teacher will teach him _______.
A. to use B. use it
C. how to use it D. uses
B
C
C
找出句子中的不定式，并说出作用：
It takes you ten minutes to get there.
I hope to see him soon.
His wish is to become an artist.
People eat to live, but not live to eat.
I have a lot to tell you.
It’s not right to be always thinking of oneself.
We often see him play football.
定语
主语
状语
表语
宾语
主语
宾语补足语