2020-2021学年外研版（2019）高中英语必修2：Unit 1 Food for thought（能力提升） 单元测试卷 Word版含解析

必修第二册 Unit 1 Food for thought
能力提升卷
姓名__________ 班级__________ 学号___________
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
People in the US have been encouraged for decades to eat various kinds of food, as the variety of food helps to 1 that they keep a 2 with enough nutrition. But this week a group of nutrition experts said that longstanding 3 might be out of date.
The advice to 4 different kinds of food has been included in the government's Dietary Guidelines for Americans for quite some time. It is 5 based on 6 studies of low-income populations. The studies claimed that consuming various kinds of food could help 7 deficiencies(缺乏) of nutrition.
But things may be different considering today's environment 8 food is plentiful. That same advice could lead to a(n) 9 consequence, argued Dr Otto, one of the experts with the American Heart Association.
Experts 10 the latest evidence of the recommendation, and 11 a scientific report on Thursday. The report stated that in some studies, people who consume a wide range of food usually eat many nutritious food 12 fish, vegetables and fruits. 13 they also eat many 14 food, like sugared snacks and other processed food.
Greater dietary variety is also associated with a(n) 15 calorie intake and weight gain.Some studies show that a 16 variety of food choices in any given meal could delay fullness and 17 the amount of food people eat. Some recent dietary guidelines recommend that people eat"a variety of food", and 18 “ a variety of vegetables from all of the subgroups”.
But Dr Otto said people should worry 19 about variety and more about diet quality,such as filling half your plate with only one or two vegetables you like. Actually, what 20 is the amount of fruits, vegetables, nuts and other nutritious food you eat, not the variety.
1．A．ensure B．make C．provide D．prove
2．A．dish B．meal C．diet D．food
3．A．decision B．research C．recommendation D．study
4．A．cook B．consume C．find D．take
5．A．rarely B．nearly C．hardly D．largely
6．A．recent B．latest C．previous D．scientific
7．A．cure B．stop C．protect D．prevent
8．A．why B．where C．when D．what
9．A．opposite B．positive C．same D．convincing
10．A．carried B．did C．examined D．left
11．A．held B．gave out C．released D．came out
12．A．such as B．for example C．in case D．as long as
13．A．Although B．Even if C．However D．But
14．A．healthy B．junk C．nutritious D．high-fat
15．A．higher B．medium C．lower D．average
16．A．narrow B．limited C．deficient D．wider
17．A．reduce B．digest C．increase D．consume
18．A．in general B．in other words C．in short D．in particular
19．A．more B．less C．higher D．lower
20．A．cares B．helps C．works D．matters
二、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
“Old wives' tales” are beliefs passed down from one generation to another.For example, most of us remember our parents' telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things.Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time.
Did your mother ever tell you to eat carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration.Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%.Garlic (蒜) is good for you, too.It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.
Unfortunately, not all of Mom's advice passed the test of medical studies.For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating.But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so.Do sweets cause tooth problems? Well, yes and no.Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.
Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don't hold_water,_there is still a lot of truth in the old wives' tales.After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated (积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care.We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.
Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
Eating garlic is good for our eyes.
Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth.
Swimming after a meal is dangerous.
Carrots prevent people from catching colds.
The author develops the third paragraph mainly ________.
by cause and effect　　　 B. by order in space
C. by order in time D. by examples
23. The phrase “hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means “________”．
A. to be believable B. to be valuable
C. to be admirable D. to be suitable
24. What is the author's attitude towards “old wives' tales” in the text?
A．Subjective. B．Objective. C．Dissatisfied. D．Curious.
B
Do you love holidays but hate the increase in weight that follows? You are not alone.
Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods.Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods.
With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight.The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much.You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy.The following suggestions may be of some help to you.
Don't miss meals.Before you leave home for a feast (宴会), have a small, low?fat snack.This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods.
Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables.
A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full.
Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough.
Better not have high?fat foods.Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them.
Choose lean meat.Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables.
If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) and fruit.They don't have fat content as cream and chocolate.
Don't let exercise take a break during the holidays.A 20?minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess calo?ries (多余的热量).
Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may ________.
bring weight problems
bring you much trouble in your life
make you worried about your foods
make you hate delicious foods
26. In order to really enjoy your holidays without putting on weight, you'd better ________.
A. drink much water and have vegetables only
B. not eat too much food in high fat
C. not accept invitations to feasts
D. turn away from delicious foods
27. According to the passage, ________ is a necessary part to stop you from putting on weight.
A. vegetables　　　 B. water C. calories of energy D. physical exercise
28. Many people can't help putting on weight after the holidays because they ________.
A．can't control themselves B．go to too many feasts
C．enjoy delicious foods D．can't help turning away from the foods
C
Modern science proves that a healthy lifestyle matters much to how long you can live and how well you live.Here are some tips for you to form a healthy lifestyle.
Keep a scientific diet.Keep in mind that sugar can be removed (去除) from our diet completely.Over intake (摄入量) of sugar is one of the main reasons for getting fat.Over intake of protein (蛋白质) or fat and low intake of fiber can also lead to getting fat.We only need a few grams of protein to keep our body in order.
Be always in a good mood.There is a relationship between the mood and health.A good mood keeps you in high spirits.Thanks to the Internet,we can enjoy and learn much without going out.Take a look at some online shops and pick up some bargains,enjoy music and movies and chat with good friends.Just keep happy.
Enough sleep.Two studies show the reasons why teens and adults don’t have enough sleep.With teens,a major reason is mobile phone use;with adults,it’s work.Meanwhile,a third study of young children shows that lack of sleep in early life may lead to serious problems in future.Everyone needs at least 8-hour sleep to recover (恢复) from tiredness and the hurt caused by hard work in the daytime.
Proper exercise.Do exercise to keep away from fatness.Because of the quick pace of the modern life,you don’t have time to do exercise every day,but at least three times a week and 45 minutes each time.
The author wrote this passage to 　　　　　.?
A. tell the readers how to take proper exercise every day
B. provide some advice on how to form a healthy lifestyle
C. ask people to care about their health rather than their work
D. make some surveys among those who have health problems
30.Which of the following can lead to getting fat according to the passage?
A. Low intake of protein.　　　　 B. Low intake of fat.
C. Over intake of fiber. D. Over intake of sugar.
31. The main reason why teenagers don’t have enough sleep is that they 　　　.?
A. use mobile phones too much
B. have too much homework
C. eat too much sugar every day
D. don’t have enough exercise
32. In which part of the newspaper are you most likely to find this passage?
A. Medical care. B. Modern science.
C. Health Report. D. School Experience.
三、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
All of us know that a balanced diet strengthens the immune system.33. . The following strategies will help you to jump?start healthy eating habits.
Morning must?haves
Researchers at Harvard Medical School discovered that people who took daily breakfast were a third less likely to become obese(肥胖的)than those who skipped this meal. To enjoy the most benefits, the researchers recommended eating whole?grain foods for breakfast as they are rich in fiber.34. .
Main meal wisdom
If you need to consume meat, choose fish instead of red meat. Studies have linked high consumption of red meat with cancers such as breast and colorectal cancer as well as heart disease mainly because red meat is very high in saturated(饱和的)fats.35. .
Food preparation
36. . As such, cooking methods such as steaming, baking, grilling, boiling or stir?frying are advised.
37.
Some people like to eat a large meal after a hard day's work. However, large meals late at night can cause indigestion that influences sleep. So it is a very good idea to have a low?calorie fiber drink just before leaving the office. It is also not a good idea to regularly have a late?night meal as this could overburden the digestive system.
Remember, minor changes in our eating habits can lead to major changes in our health.
A．Light nights
B．Fewer night snacks
C．Fish, in contrast, contains more heart?healthy fats
D．Drinking bean milk supplies the body with plant protein
E. Experts always suggest preparing food with as little oil as possible
F. But most of us fail to obtain adequate nutrients(营养)due to our troubled lifestyles
G. Fiber aids in stabilizing blood sugar, controlling appetite and keeping the heart healthy
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The consequences of not eating a balanced diet may be much more serious than we thought. A major study 38. (suggest) it contributes to one in five deaths worldwide has been published in The Lancet recently. About 11 million deaths every year may have been prevented by taking in fewer red meat, sugary drinks and fats.
The seven-year study 39. (look) at dietary factors from 1990 to 2018 in 195 40. (country) and found that people were eating too many of the wrong types of food, and too little of the food 41. (they) bodies needed. And that may be 42. important reason for a range of diseases.
“This study says that poor diet is responsible 43. . more deaths than any other risk factor in the world", study author Christopher Murray noted in a release. "44. sodium(钠), sugar, and fat have been the focus of debates over the past two decades, our study 45. (official) suggests that the leading dietary risk factor is the low intake of healthy foods."
The result underlines that the current food education campaigns aren't quite 46. (effect). The finding shows that necessary measures should be taken urgently 47. (balance) peoples diets around the world.
五、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 10 处语言错误，每句最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
Dear Jenny,
How nice to hear of you! In your letter you asked me how keep healthy. I would like to give you some advices.
As we know, food is quite importance to us teenagers. Since we grow very fast, we are in the need of nutritious food, such as fresh vegetables, fruit, fish and meat. Therefore, I thought you’d better not eating food with much sugar and fat. And you should get plenty of sleep, but it is necessary for you to have at least eight hours of sleep every day. Besides, you should take physical exercise regular. It will be good for my health. Only in this way can you keep fit.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
六、书面表达
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Lily在她的微博中写到她为了减肥吃减肥药，而且经常不吃饭，导致身体变得很虚弱，状态很不佳。请你在她的微博上用英文给她留言，内容包括：
1．对她的现状表示担忧；
2．指出吃减肥药以及经常不吃饭的坏处；
3．提出一些健康的减肥方法，如慢跑、定期到健身房健身等。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：减肥药weight?loss pill　慢跑jogging
健身房gym
I'm sorry to learn that you are upset about being overweight recently.　
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必修第二册 Unit 1 Food for thought
能力提升卷
参考答案
一、完形填空
1-5 ACCBD
6-10 CDBAC
11-15 CACBA
16-20 DCDBD
【分析】
1．考查动词词义辨析。A. ensure确保；B. make使、让；C. provide提供；D. prove证明。空前一句说美国人一直被鼓励吃各种各样的食物，此处解释原因—食物的多样性有助于确保他们的饮食有足够的营养，故A项正确。
2．考查名词词义辨析。A. dish菜肴；B. meal餐；C. diet饮食；D. food食物。空前一句说美国人一直被鼓励吃各种各样的食物，自然是希望以此确保他们的日常饮食有足够的营养，故C项正确。
3．考查名词词义辨析。A. decision决定；B. research调查；C. recommendation建议；D. study学习。文章第一句说几十年来，美国人一直被鼓励吃各种各样的食物，这是政府给人们的一条饮食建议，下一段第一句话中的“advice”也是提示，故C项正确。
4．考查动词词义辨析。A. cook烹饪；B. consume消耗、食用；C. find发现；D. take拿、取。此处指“食用不同种类的食物”，故B项正确。
5．考查副词词义辨析。A. rarely极少地；B. nearly将近；C. hardly几乎不；D. largely很大程度上、主要。此处解释原因—这主要是基于以前对低收入人群的研究，故D项正确。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。A. recent近来的；B. latest最新的；C. previous以前的、早先的；D. scientific科学的。根据句意，故C项正确。
7．考查动词词义辨析。A. cure治愈；B. stop停止；C. protect保护；D. prevent防止。根据空后的“deficiencies of nutrition”可知，食用不同种类的食物有助于防止营养不足，故D项正确。
8．考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词environment（抽象地点）并在从句中作地点状语，所以用where来引导，故B项正确。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。A. opposite相反的；B. positive积极的；C. same相同的；D. convincing有说服力的。空前一句说考虑到当今环境下食物很充足，情况可能会有所不同，这说明由于环境变了，同样的建议可能导致相反的结果，故A项正确。
10．考查动词词义辨析。A. carried搬运；B. did做；C. examined检查、研究；D. left离开。根据空后的“the latest evidence of the recommendation”可知，专家们研究了这一建议的最新证据，故C项正确。
11．考查动词（短语）辨析。A. held握；B. gave out分发；C. released发布；D. came out出现。空前一句说专家们研究了这一建议的最新证据，然后在周四发布了一份科学报告，故C项正确。
12．考查介词短语辨析。A. such as例如（常列举同类人或物中的几个，不能穷尽）；B. for example例如（一般列举同类人或物中的一个）；C. in case万一；D. as long as只要。空后列举了鱼、蔬菜和水果等食物，因此此处用such as，故A项正确。
13．考查连词（副词）词义辨析。A. Although尽管；B. Even if即使；C. However然而（空后有逗号）；D. But但是。根据句意，前后是转折关系，空后有逗号，应该用however，故C项正确。
14．考查形容词（名词）词义辨析。A. healthy健康的；B. junk垃圾；C. nutritious有营养的；D. high-fat高脂肪的。空后列举的含糖零食和其他加工食品属于垃圾食品，故B项正确。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。A. higher含量高的；B. medium中等的；C. lower含量低的；D. average平均的。根据空后的“calorie intake and weight gain”可知此处指“更高的卡路里摄入量”，故A项正确。
16．考查形容词词义辨析。A. narrow狭小的；B. limited有限的；C. deficient不足的；D. wider宽泛的。空前一句说多样化的饮食也与更高的卡路里摄入和体重增加有关，因此此处指“更多种类的食物选择”，与“多样化的饮食”相对应，故D项正确。
17．考查动词词义辨析。A. reduce减少；B. digest消化；C. increase增加；D. consume消耗。空前一句说更多种类的食物选择可以延缓饱腹感，从而增加人们吃的食物量，故C项正确。
18．考查介词短语辨析。A. in general通常；B. in other words换句话说；C. in short总之；D. in particular尤其、特别是。空前一句说最近的一些饮食指南建议人们吃各种各样的食物，再结合空后的“a variety of vegetables from all of the subgroups”可知此处表示强调，指的是“特别是各种各样的蔬菜”，故D项正确。
19．考查副词词义辨析。A. more更多；B. less更少；C. higher更高；D. lower更低。根据空后的“and more about diet quality”可知，人们应该少担心食物的种类，而应该更多地关注饮食质量，故B项正确。
20．考查动词词义辨析。A. cares关心；B. helps帮助；C. works起作用；D. matters重要。根据空后可知，重要的是你吃的水果、蔬菜、坚果和其他有营养的食物的数量，而不是种类，故D项正确。
二、阅读理解
A篇： 21-24 BDAB
21. B　细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“Sticky sweets ...tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.”可以看出，sticky sweets的确对牙齿有害。
22. D　推理判断题。第三段第一句是主题句。接着本段举了“饭后一小时内游泳”和“吃糖”这两个例子来支持主题句。因此，这一段主要是通过举例来论述的。
23. A　词义猜测题。“don't hold water”与“there is still a lot of truth”意义相对立，那么“hold water”与“there is still a lot of truth”意义相似，因此A项正确。
24. B　观点态度题。综合全文，作者既指出了一些传统说法是正确的，又说明了一些传统观念是没有科学依据的。最后一段作者表明了对这些观念的尊重，因此可以看出作者的态度是客观的。
B篇： 25-28 ABDA
25. A　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，假日是充满乐趣、品尝美食的快乐的日子，但是很多人担忧随之而来的体重问题，显然A项正确。
26. B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much.”以及倒数第四段中的“Better not have high?fat foods.”可以看出，要想在假日快乐又不增加体重，最好别吃富含过多脂肪的食物。
27. D　推理判断题。根据常识可知蔬菜、水和热量不能阻止增加体重；结合最后一段“Don't let exercise ...can help burn off excess calories (多余的热量)．”可知D项正确。
28. A　推理判断题。根据作者所提建议推理可知，许多人因为不能自我控制，假期过后增加了体重。所以选择A项。
C篇： 29-32 BDAC
29. B 写作意图题。阅读全文特别是第一段的“Here are some tips for you to form a healthy lifestyle.”可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是向人们提供一些健康生活的建议。
30. D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Over intake of sugar is one of the main reasons for getting fat.Over intake of protein or fat and low intake of fiber can also lead to getting fat.”可知,吃过量的糖是使人发胖的主要原因之一。
31. A 细节理解题。根据第四段的“With teens,a major reason is mobile phone use”可知答案。
32. C 推理判断题。本文针对的是人们在生活中的健康问题——如何养成健康的生活方式,故我们最有可能在Health Report栏目中看到。
三、七选五
33-37 FGCEA
【分析】本文是说明文。作者介绍了养成健康饮食好习惯的几种策略。
33．文章首句提到“All of us know that a balanced diet strengthens the immune system.”说明大家都知道均衡饮食能增强免疫系统；F项中“fail to obtain adequate nutrients （没能获得充足的营养）”与首句中的“a balanced diet strengthens the immune system”相对应；F项中but表示话题的转折。故选F。
34．空前一句提到“the researchers recommended eating whole?grain foods for breakfast as they are rich in fiber.”，研究者推荐早餐吃富含纤维素的全谷类食物；G项中“fiber”与上一句中的“fiber”词汇重复；G项“Fiber aids in stabilizing blood sugar，controlling appetite and keeping the heart healthy（纤维有助于稳定血糖，控制食欲和保持心脏健康）”是说明纤维素对人体的好处。G项是顺承上一句的话题。故选G。
35．该段主题是吃正餐的学问，即多吃鱼肉少吃红肉。空前一句提到“red meat is very high in saturated fats ”，说明红肉中含有大量的饱和脂肪；C项中 in contrast表示对比，“…contains more heart?healthy fats(含有更多对心脏有益的脂肪)”与上一句中的“is very high in saturated fats”相对应。故选C。
36．该段是食物烹饪方法的建议。空后一句“cooking methods such as steaming，baking，grilling，boiling or stir?frying are advised” 是建议采用蒸、烤、烤、煮或炒等烹饪方法，与E项中的“preparing food”有关；并且“preparing food”与该段小标题“Food preparation”语义相符。故选E。
37．该空是本段的小标题，也是主题句；该段中提到“large meals late at night can cause indigestion that influences sleep.（晚上大吃一顿会导致消化不良，影响睡眠）”和“It is also not a good idea to regularly have a late?night meal as this could overburden the digestive system.（经常在深夜吃饭也不是个好主意，因为这会使消化系统负担过重。）”说明晚餐多吃、吃得太晚的坏处。A项“Light nights（轻晚餐）”符合该段的主题，可以作为该段的小标题。故选A。
四、语法填空
38．suggesting 39．looked 40．countries 41．their 42．an
43．for 44．Although/Though 45．officially 46．effective 47．to balance
五、短文改错
【详解】
1.考查固定短语。句意：收到你的来信真好！hear from sb. 收到某人的来信。故of改为from。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在你的信中，你询问我如何保持健康。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，故how 后加to。
3.考查名词。advice是不可数名词，故advices改为advice。
4.考查形容词。在be动词后接形容词作表语；短语be important to sb. 对于…很重要。故importance 改为important。
5.考查固定短语。句意：既然我们长得很快， 我们需要有营养的食品。短语“需要”，in need of以人做主语，in the need of 以物做主语。此处主语是we , 应用in need of ,故去掉need 前的the。
6.考查时态。全文是提出建议，用一般现在时，故thought 改为think。
7.考查非谓语动词。“最好做…”had better 后接动词原形。故eating 改为eat。
8.考查连词。前句“you should get plenty of sleep” 和“ it is necessary to have at least eight hours of sleep every day”句意顺承，不是转折的关系，故but改为and。
9.考查副词。修饰动词短语 take physical exercise用副词，故regular改为regularly。
10.考查代词。全文所提的建议都是用人称代词you, 此处my指代不对，故my 改为your。
六、书面表达
I'm sorry to learn that you are upset about being overweight recently. I think you should stop taking weight?loss pills in no time because they are harmful to your health. Besides, you need to eat a healthy diet to recover your strength. There are many other ways to lose weight. For example, jogging is quite a popular form of exercise. You may do it in the morning or after supper. Another way is that you can go to the gym regularly, which is also an effective way of losing weight and keeping healthy. In a word, if you insist on exercising, you are sure to have an attractive figure and stay slim and healthy.