中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中考一轮复习3+2全国版
第七讲
八年级上册
Units5-7学案
一、词汇拓展
1.action
n.行动→v.______________
______________
动作影片______________
采取行动
2.culture
n.文化;文明→adj.______________(文化的)______________
传统文化
3.film
n.电影→同义词______________
______________
看电影
4.violinist
n.小提琴手→n.______________(小提琴)
5.driver
n.驾驶员;司机→v.______________(开车;驾驶)
6.pianist
n.钢琴家→n.______________(钢琴)
7.scientist
n.科学家→n.______________(科学)
8.education
n.教育→v.______________
adj.______________
9.medicine
n.药;医学→adj.______________(医疗的;医学的)
10.discussion
n.讨论;商量→v.______________
11.university
n.(综合性)大学;高等学府→复数______________
12.beginning
n.开头;开端→v.______________
________________
在……开始
13.hobby
n.业余爱好→复数______________
14.meaning
n.意义;意思→v.______________?意思是;打算?adj.______________?有意义的?adj.______________?毫无意义的;意思不明确的?
15.simple
adj.简单的;易做的→adv.______________
16.rich
adj.富有的→反义词______________
17.successful
adj.获得成功的;有成就的→adv.______________
n.______________
v.______________
__________________________
在(做)某事上成功
18.personal
adj.个人的;私人的→n.______________(人)
19.famous
adj.著名的;出名的→同义词______________
_____________________
以……而出名
__________________
被……所熟知__________________
作为……而出名
20.able
adj.能够→n.______________?能力?adj.______________?丧失能力的;有残疾的?
______________
能够做某事
21.foreign
adj.外国的→n.______________(外国人)
22.stand
v.忍受;站立→过去式/过去分词______________
______________
起立______________
代表
______________
袖手旁观
23.expect
v.
预料;期待→n.______________adj._________?预期的?______________
期待做某事
24.appear
v.出现→n.______________?外观;外貌?反义词______________
25.become
v.开始变得;变成→过去式______________
过去分词______________
26.lose
v.失去;丢失→过去式/过去分词______________
现在分词______________
__________________________
迷路
27.send
v.邮寄;发送→过去式/过去分词______________
______________
派人去请
______________
着手;出发______________把……送往/寄到……
28.improve
v.
改进;改善→n.______________
29.paint
v.用颜料画;在……上刷油漆→n.______________(油画;绘画)
30.cook
n.厨师
v.烹饪;煮→n.______________(厨具)
31.own
adj.&
pron.自己的;本人的→n.______________(所有者;物主)
______________
独立地;独自
32.weekly
adj.&
adv.每周的(地)→n.______________(周;星期)
33.plan
v.&
n.打算;计划→过去式/过去分词
______________
现在分词
______________
______________
计划做某事___________________
制订计划
二、常考短语
1.think
of考虑
2.find
out查明,弄清
3.talent
show才艺表演
4.expect
to
do
sth.期望做某事
5.play
a
joke
on对……开玩笑
6.learn
...from...向……学习……
7.come
out出现
8.be
ready
to愿意迅速做某事
9.such
as例如
10.dress
up装扮
11.take
someone’s
place代替某人
12.do
a
good
job干得好
13.play
sb.’s
role扮演某人的角色
14.grow
up成长
15.agree
with同意
16.of
course当然(回答请求)
17.make
sure确保
18.study
medicine
at
a
university在大学学医
19.send
sth.
to
sb.送给某人某物
20.get
good
grades取得好成绩
21.sound
like
sth.听起来像某物
22.make
some
resolutions做出决定
23.be
able
to能够
24.make
promise许诺
25.at
the
beginning
of在……开始
26.improve
our
lives提高我们的生活水平
27.write
down写下
28.the
coming
year来年
29.help
sb.
(to)
do
sth.帮助某人做某事
30.have
to
do
with关于;与……有关系
31.take
up(尤指为消遣)学着做;开始做
32.keep
a
promise遵守承诺
33.have...in
common有一些共同之处
34.too...to...太……以至于不能
35.in
great
danger处在极大的危险中
36.live
on
the
earth居住在地球
37.play
a
part参加
38.the
same...as...与……一样
39.in
the
future在将来
40.try
to
do
sth.设法做某事
41.hundreds
of数百
42.look
like看着像
43.wake
up醒来
44.disagree
with不同意;不赞成
45.look
for寻找
46.fly
up
into
the
sky飞向天空
三、考点透析
1.mind的用法
mind用作及物动词,意为“介意;对(某事)烦恼”,通常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中,其后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。mind
doing
sth.意为“介意做某事”。
We
don’t
mind
giving
them
a
hand.我们不介意帮助他们。
【注意】
对“Would
you
mind
(my)
doing
sth.?”句型进行回答时,表示“不介意”常用“Not
at
all./Certainly
not./Of
course
not.”等,表示“介意”习惯用“I’m
sorry,
but...”。
(2020广东)—Would
you
mind
my
turning
up
the
TV?
The
New
Year
concert
has
just
begun.
—
.
Just
go
ahead.
A.Please
don’t
B.Better
not
C.I’m
afraid
not
D.Of
course
not
2.news的用法
news不可数名词,意为“新闻;新闻节目;消息”,它虽以-s结尾,但不是可数名词复数形式。a
piece
of
news意为“一条新闻”。news在句中作主语时,其后的谓语动词要用单数形式。
辨析:news/information/message
news
不可数名词
多指来自电视、报纸等媒体的最新消息
information
不可数名词
指来自各种渠道的信息
message
可数名词
指口信或便条式的留言等
I
don’t
have
any
first-hand
information
about
the
project.我没有这个项目的任何一手资料。
Can
you
take
a
message
for
me?你能为我捎个口信吗?
(2020河北中考)Did
you
hear
the
?
A
scientist
will
visit
our
school.
A.advice
B.news
C.praise
D.choice
3.stand的用法
stand动词,意为“忍受”,常用于否定句或疑问句中。多数情况下与can/can’t/could/couldn’t连用。can’t
stand
(sb.)
doing
sth.意为“不能忍受(某人)做某事”。
I
can’t
stand
staying
here
any
longer.我再也无法忍受继续待在这儿了。
(2020甘肃兰州)Bob’s
father
can’t
stand
soap
operas.
He
enjoys
sports
games
on
TV.
A.watch
B.to
watch
C.watching
D.watched
4.expect的用法
expect动词,意为“预料;期待”,主要有以下用法:
①expect
to
do
sth.是固定结构,意为“期望做某事”。
②expect+名词/代词,意为“期待某事(物)或某人”。
③expect
sb.
to
do
sth.意为“期待某人做某事”。
④expect+从句意为“预计……”
I
expect
that
I’ll
come
back
next
Monday.我预计下周一回来。
5.try
one’s
best的固定搭配
try
one’s
best意为“尽力;竭尽全力”,与do
one’s
best同义。try/do
one’s
best
to
do
sth.意为“某人尽力做某事”。
Tom
is
trying/doing
his
best
to
win
the
competition.汤姆正竭尽全力赢得比赛。
(2020贵州贵阳)Chinese
parents
always
try
their
best
a
good
education
environment
for
their
kids.
A.provide
B.to
provide
C.providing
6.take
sb.’s
place固定搭配
take
sb.’s
place意为“代替;替换”。其同义短语为take
the
place
of。
I
had
to
go
out,
so
Jane
took
my
place
at
the
meeting.我不得不外出,因此简替我参加了会议。
7.practice的用法
practice用作及物动词,意为“连词”,其后可接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式作宾语,不能接动词不定式。practice
doing
sth.意为“练习做某事”。
You
need
to
practice
running
every
morning.你需要每天早晨练习跑步。
(2020广西来宾)Linda
works
hard
and
she
practices
English
every
day.
A.speak
B.speaks
C.speaking
D.to
speak
8.keep
on
doing
sth.的固定搭配
keep
on
doing
sth.意为“继续做某事”。
Mike
kept
on
asking
questions.迈克不停地问问题。
【拓展】
keep
doing
sth.意为“一直做某事”。
He
kept
standing
there
for
an
hour
without
moving.他在那儿一动不动地站了一个小时。
(2)keep
sb.
doing
sth.意为“让某人一直做某事”。
Sorry,
I
have
kept
you
waiting
so
long.对不起,让你久等了。
(2020四川内江)Mr
Black,
you
are
becoming
healthier
and
healthier.
Please
keep
on
.
A.ran
B.to
run
C.runs
D.running
9.send的用法
send及物动词,意为“寄;发送”,其过去式和过去分词都是sent,其后接双宾语,即send
sb.
sth.=send
sth.
to
sb.。
He
sent
me
a
postcard.=He
sent
a
postcard
to
me.他寄给我一张明信片。
10.promise的用法
promise用作可数名词,意为“承诺;诺言”。make
promises意为“许下承诺/诺言”;keep
a
promise意为“遵守诺言”;break
a
promise意为“违背诺言”。
Peter
often
makes
promises
to
his
teacher.皮特经常向他的老师许诺。
【拓展】
promise还可用作及物动词,意为“许诺;承诺”。常用于以下三种结构:
①promise
to
do
sth.意为“许诺做某事”
My
mother
promised
to
buy
a
piano
for
me.我妈妈许诺给我买一架钢琴。
②promise
sb.
sth.意为“许诺某人某事”
My
aunt
promised
me
a
bike.我姑姑答应我买一辆自行车。
③promise
+that从句
“承诺……”
Tom
promised
that
he
is
going
to
learn
another
foreign
language.汤姆承诺他要再学一门外语。
(2020河南)—It’s
useless
to
regret
what
has
been
done.
Don’t
make
those
mistakes
again.
—I
won’t.
That’s
a(n)
.
A.order
B.decision
C.promise
D.agreement
11.have
to
do
with的固定搭配
have
to
do
with意为“关于;与……有联系”。
Most
of
his
questions
have
to
do
with
his
lessons.他的大部分问题与功课有关。
【拓展】
have
nothing
to
do
with意为“与……没有关系”。
12.take
up的固定搭配
take
up意为“(尤指为消遣)开始做;学着做”,后面接名词或动名词。还可译为“占用(空间或时间)”。
13.too...to...的固定搭配
too...to...意为“太……而不能……”。too是副词,后跟形容词或副词,to是动词不定式符号,后跟动词原形。该短语在形式上是肯定结构,但是表达的却是否定意义。
The
boy
is
too
young
to
go
to
school.这个男孩太小不能上学。
14.There
be+sb./sth.+doing
sth.的固定句式
There
be+sb./sth.+doing
sth.意为“有某人/某物正在做某事”。
There
are
some
boys
planting
trees
on
the
hill.有一些男孩正在山上植树。
15.hundreds
of的用法
hundreds
of意为“许多;大量”。
【拓展】
①hundred,
thousand,
million,
billion等数词,前面有具体数字时,表示确切数目,其后不加-s,也不和of连用。
②hundreds
of/thousands
of/millions
of/billions
of表示“数百/千/百万/千亿……”,它们表示一个不确定的数目,它们的前面没有具体数字,这时hundred,
thousand,
million和billion后要加-s,而且与of连用。
(2020云南曲靖)In
our
hometown,
villagers
leave
for
big
cities
to
look
for
jobs.
A.two
hundreds
of
B.hundred
of
C.hundreds
of
D.two
hundred
【辨析】
四、语法聚焦
动词不定式作宾语
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式符号。其具体用法如下:
用法
例句
want,hope,decide,agree,choose,would
like,plan,fail等动词(短语)后接动词不定式作宾语
I
decided
to
go
to
the
countryside
for
vacation.我决定去农村度假。
ask,know,show,teach,guess,find
out等动词(短语)后可用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构
Please
teach
me
how
to
play
the
piano.请叫我怎么弹钢琴。
like,love,begin,start等动词后既可以接动词不定式,也可以接动名词形式,意义上差别不大
I
like
singing,
but
I
don’t
like
to
sing
now.我喜欢唱歌,但是现在我不想唱歌。
“find/think/feel+it+形容词+动词不定式”结构,其中it为形式宾语,动词不定式为真正的宾语
I
find
it
difficult
to
learn
English.我发现学英语很难。
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中考一轮复习3+2全国版
第七讲
八年级上册
Units5-7考点多练解析版
(
)1.【2020广西北部湾经济区】Now
the
Chinese
government
has
made
laws
________
wild
animals.
A.
protect
B.
protects
C.
to
protect
D.
protected
【答案】C
【解析】句意:现在中国政府为了保护野生动物已经制定了法律。本题考查非谓语动词。protect是动词原形,protects是一般现在时,to
protect是动词不定式,protected是过去分词。结合句意,中国政府制定法律的目的是保护野生动物,因此用动词不定式,故选C。
(
)2.【2020青海省】A
CCTV
news
reporter
will
come
to
interview
Wang
Lin
tomorrow
Please
tell
her
________.
A.
not
to
be
late
B.
not
to
come
C.
to
watch
TV
【答案】A
【解析】句意:中央电视台新闻记者明天要来采访王琳,请告诉她不要迟到。考查非谓语动词。not
to
be
late不要迟到;not
to
come不要来;to
watch
TV看电视。tell
sb.
(not)
to
do
sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事。根据题干中“A
CCTV
news
reporter
will
come
to
interview
Wang
Lin
tomorrow”可知中央电视台新闻记者明天要来采访王琳,应该告诉她"不要迟到",用not
to
be
late符合题意。故选A。
(
)3.【2020青岛市】Teachers
expect
all
their
students
________
progress
day
by
day.
A.
to
make
B.
make
C.
to
take
D.
take
【答案】A
【解析】句意:老师们希望所有的学生天天进步。考查非谓语动词和动词短语辨析。to
make获得,动词不定式;make获得,动词原形;to
take拿走,动词不定式;take拿走,动词原形。固定搭配:expect
sb
to
do
sth“希望某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语;make
progress“取得进步”,所以空格处填to
make。故选A。
(
)4.【2020云南省】Wang
Lei
is
looking
forward
to
________
the
best
high
school
in
September.
A.
refusing
B.
playing
C.
reading
D.
entering
【答案】D
【解析】句意:王磊期待着9月份进入最好的高中。考查非谓语动词。A.
refusing拒绝;B.
playing玩耍;C.
reading阅读;D.
entering进入。根据句意可知,王磊期待着9月份进入最好的高中。D选项符合句意,且位于look
forward
to
doing结构中,故选D。
(
)5.【2020福建省】The
twin
brothers
are
busy
________
artworks
from
ocean
waste.
A.making
B.make
C.to
make
【答案】A
【解析】句意:双胞胎兄弟忙于用海洋废物做艺术作品。考查动名词。making动名词;make动词原形;to
make动词不定式。此处表示“忙于做某事”用be
busy
in
doing,in
可以省略,此处用动名词making。故选A。
(
)6.【2020上海市】The
engineers
will
keep________the
project
with
the
manager
of
the
company.
A.discuss
B.discussed
C.discussing
D.to
discuss
【答案】C
【解析】句意:工程师们将继续与公司经理讨论这个项目。考查非谓语动词。discuss原形;discussed一般过去式、过去分词;discussing动名词、现在分词;to
discuss不定式;keep
doing
sth
继续做某事,可知此处填动名词;故选C。
(
)7.【2020上海市】Doctors
tell
us________our
hands
before
and
after
every
meal.
A.wash
B.washed
C.washing
D.to
wash
【答案】D
【解析】句意:医生告诉我们饭前饭后要洗手.考查动词非谓语的用法。根据句型tell
sb
to
do
sth告诉某人做某事,可知不定式to
do做宾补。故选D。
(
)8.【2020四川攀枝花】The
doctor
warns
Jack
_____________stop
_____________because
it
is
bad
for
his
health.
A.to;
smoking
B.not;
to
smoke
C.to;
to
smoke
D.not
to;
smoking
【答案】A
【解析】句意:医生告诫杰克要戒烟,因为这对他的健康有害。考查非谓语动词。smoking动名词;to
smoke动词不定式。第一空是固定用法warn
sb.
to
do
sth.,意为“告诫某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语,根据语境,可知是“要戒烟”,排除BD;第二空根据固定搭配stop
doing
sth.,意为“停止做某事”,动名词作宾语,若是stop
to
do
sth.,动词不定式作宾语,则意为“停下来去做某事”,根据语境,可知是“停止吸烟”,故选A。
(
)9.【2020四川省遂宁市】It’s
important
for
us________a
healthy
lifestyle.
A.to
keep
B.keep
C.keeping
D.kept
【答案】A
【解析】句意:保持健康的生活方式对我们来说很重要。考查非谓语动词。to
keep动词不定式;keep动词原形;keeping动名词/现在分词;kept动词过去式。固定句式:it’s+形容词+for
sb+to
do
sth“对某人来说做某事是……”,句中it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语,所以空格处填to
keep。故选A。
(
)10.【2020海南省】Frank
and
his
friends
had
great
fun
_________volleyball
on
the
beach
yesterday.
A.
play
B.
playing
C.
to
play
【答案】B
【解析】句意:弗兰克和他的朋友昨天在沙滩上打排球玩得很开心。考查非谓语动词。play玩,动词原形;playing动词的ing形式;to
play动词不定式。句中have
great
fun
doing
sth做某事玩得很高兴,其后应接动词的ing形式playing。故选B。
(
)11.【2020黑龙江绥化】My
teacher
encouraged
me
__________
English
as
much
as
possible.
A.
to
speak
B.
speak
C.
speaking
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我的老师鼓励我尽量多说英语。考查非谓语动词。A.
to
speak动词不定式;B.
speak动词原形;C.
speaking现在分词或动名词。encourage
sb.
to
do
sth.为固定搭配,意为“鼓励某人做某事”,符合句意,故选A。
(
)12.【2020镇江市】A
lot
of
museums
in
China
are
worth___________.
If
you
have
time,
you
can
choose
to
go.
A.
visited
B.
visiting
C.
to
visit
D.
visit
【答案】B
【解析】句意:中国的很多博物馆值得参观。如果你有时间,你可以选择去。考查动名词。visited动词的过去式;visiting动名词;to
visit动词不定式;visit动词原形。此处用be
worth
doing表示“值得做某事”,此处用动名词visiting。故选B。
(
)13.【2020南通市】They
offered
courses_________
students
know
the
importance
of
protecting
the
Huanghe
River.
A.
help
B.
helped
C.
helps
D.
to
help
【答案】D
【解析】句意:他们开设课程来帮助学生了解保护黄河的重要性。考查非谓语动词。help是动词原形;helped是过去式;helps第三人称单数形式;to
help是动词不定式。结合句意,他们开设课程,是为了帮助学生了解保护黄河的重要性,表示目的,用动词不定式作目的状语,故选D。
(
)14.【2020盐城市】The
Birdwatching
Society
goes
to
Zhalong
Nature
Reserve
the
birds
every
year.
A.
to
count
B.
counting
C.
count
D.
counts
【答案】A
【解析】句意:观鸟协会每年都去扎龙自然保护区统计鸟类数量。考查非谓语动词。to
count动词不定式形式;counting动名词或现在分词形式;count数数,计算总数,动词原形;counts是动词的第三人称单数形式。根据句子结构可知,该空在句中作目的状语,表示“去扎龙自然保护区”的目的,应用动词不定式。故选A。
(
)15.【2020湖北省恩施州】My
sister
has
gone
to
work
in
Beijing,
not
for
money,
but
________
herself.
A.improve
B.improved
C.to
improve
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我姐姐去北京工作,不是为了钱,而是为了提高自己。
本题考查非谓语动词。improve是动词原形;improved是过去分词;to
improve是动词不定式。根据not
for
money可知,此处表示目的,因此用动词不定式,故选C。
(
)16.【2020湖北省黄石市】He
spent
two
hours
________
his
mother
with
housework
last
Sunday.
A.helping
B.helped
C.to
help
D.help
【答案】A
【解析】句意:上星期天他花了两个小时时间帮妈妈做家务。
考查非谓语动词。A.
helping动名词或现在分词;B.
helped过去式;C.
to
help动词不定式;D.
help动词原形。根据英语表达习惯,spend
time
(in)
doing
sth.为固定搭配,意为“花费时间做某事”,故help应用动名词形式,故选A。
(
)17.【2020长沙市】We
are
glad
________
that
traditional
Chinese
medicine
can
work
wonders
in
preventing
some
diseases.
A.
know
B.
to
know
C.
knowing
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我们很高兴地知道,中医在预防某些疾病方面可以发挥奇效。考查非谓语动词。know知道。know动词原形;to
know动词不定式;knowing动名词或动词的现在分词。结合选项可知句子是说“很高兴知道……”,作表语的形容词glad后接动词不定式作原因状语。故选B。
(
)18.【2020益阳市】Diana
used
to
_________
to
work,
but
now
she
is
used
to
________
because
the
road
is
crowded
and
she
wants
to
keep
fit.
A.
drive;
walk
B.
drive;
walking
C.
driving;
walk
【答案】B
【解析】句意:戴安娜过去常常开车去上班,但现在她习惯步行,因为道路很拥挤,且她想保持健康。
考查非谓语动词。drive开车,驾驶;walk步行。根据第一空前“used
to”可知此处用used
to
do
sth.表示“过去常常做某事”,第一空用动词原形drive;根据第二空前“is
used
to”可知此处用be
used
to
doing
sth.表示“习惯于做某事”,第二空用动名词walking。故选B。
(
)19.【2020怀化市】—A
lot
of
old
people
are
lonely.
What
can
we
do
to
help
them?
—I
want
______
the
old
people's
home
to
talk
to
them.
A.
visit
B.
to
visit
C.
visiting
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——很多老人都很孤独。我们能做些什么来帮助他们?——我想去老人之家和他们聊聊。
考查非谓语。visit参观,动词原形;to
visit参观,动词不定式;visiting参观,现在分词或动名词形式;根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“想要做某事”,英语是want
to
do
sth.,是用不定式作宾语,所以这里应该用to
visit,故选B。
(
)20.【2020内蒙古包头市】______
the
project
as
planned,
they
need
to
work
two
more
hours
a
day.
A.To
finish
B.Finishing
C.Finish
D.To
be
finished
【答案】A
【解析】句意:为了按计划完成这个项目,他们需要每天多工作两个小时。考查非谓语动词。To
finish动词不定式;Finishing动名词或现在分词形式;Finish完成,动词原形;To
be
finished动词不定式的被动形式。根据句子结构可知,该空表示目的“为了……”,应用动词不定式作目的状语;主语they与动词finish是主动关系,应用动词不定式的主动形式。故选A。
(
)21.【2020贵州省安顺市】With
the
improvement
in
transportation,
students
in
some
small
villages
no
longer
go
on
ropeways
______
rivers
to
schools.
A.
to
cross
B.
crossing
C.
crossed
【答案】A
【解析】句意:随着交通的改善,一些小村庄的学生不再走索道过河上学。考查非谓语动词。to
cross动词不定式形式;crossing动名词形式;crossed动词过去分词形式。根据空前的go
on
ropeways结合选项动词cross可知,此处是动词不定式表目的状语,走索道过河上学go
on
ropeways
to
cross
rivers
to
schools符合句意。故选A。
(
)22.
【2020贵州铜仁市】—Look!
Kangkang,
that
old
man
is
crossing
the
crosswalk.
—Jane,
let’s________
him.
A.
helps
B.
to
help
C.
helping
D.
help
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——康康快看!
那个老人正在过马路。——简,让我们去帮他。考查非谓语动词。helps帮助,第三人称单数;to
help不定式;helping动名词;help动词原形。根据“让某人做某事let
sb
do
sth.”,故选D。
(
)23.
【2020黑龙江省龙东地区】We
should
do
what
we
can
________
those
people
when
they
are
in
trouble.
A.
to
help
B.
helped
C.
help
【答案】A
【解析】句意:当人们有困难的时候,我们应该尽我们所能去帮助他们。考查非谓语动词。to
help动词不定式;helped动词的过去式或过去分词;help动词原形。根据题干可知此处用do
what
one
can
to
do
sth.表示“竭尽全力做某事”,此处用动词不定式to
help作目的状语。故选A。
(
)24.
【2020江苏省苏州市】The
doctors
and
nurses
managed
_________
the
lives
of
patients,
though
they
didn’t
have
enough
medicine.
A.
save
B.
saving
C.
to
save
D.
to
saving
【答案】C
【解析】句意:尽管医生和护士没有足够的药,他们还是设法挽救了病人的生命。考查非谓语动词。save挽救。save动词原形;saving动名词或动词的现在分词;to
save动词不定式;to
saving介词to+动名词。根据题干中“managed”可知此处用manage
to
do
sth.表示“设法做成某事”,用不定式to
save作宾语。故选C。
(
)25.
【2020四川省成都市】—Why
do
many
farmers
put
their
products
online
these
days?
—________them
more
easily.
A.
To
sell
B.
Sell
C.
Selling
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——为什么现在很多农民把他们的产品放到网上?——为了更方便的卖。考查非谓语动词。To
sell动词不定式;Sell动词原形;Selling动名词/现在分词形式。分析句意可知,前文询问原因,所以此处表示“为了更方便的卖”,可用动词不定式表目的。故选A。
(
)26.
【2020四川达州市】Our
government
tries
to
do
everything
they
can
_________
people
live
a
better
life.
A.
to
help
B.
help
C.
helping
D.
helped
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们的政府试着尽力帮助人们过上更好的生活。考查非谓语动词。A.
to
help动词不定式;B.
help动词原形;C.
helping动名词或现在分词;D.
helped过去式或过去分词。根据句子结构可知,Our
government
tries
to
do
everything
(they
can)
_________
people
live
a
better
life中they
can做后置定语修饰everything,不影响空格处动词help的形式,故空格处应填入动词不定式作目的状语,故选A。
(
)27.
【2020四川达州市】—
Clara,
you
have
______
Journey
to
the
West
for
two
weeks.
—
Sorry,
I
wanted
to
give
it
back
but
was
made
_________
Dazhou
on
business
last
week.
A.
borrowed;
to
leave
B.
kept;
to
leave
C.
kept;
leave
D.
borrowed;
leave
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——克拉拉,《西游记》这本书你已经借了两个星期了。——对不起,我想把它还给你,但上周我被迫离开达州去出差了
。考查动词辨析和非谓语动词。borrow借入,瞬间性动作,keep保存,保留,持续性动作。由时间段for
two
weeks“两周”,可知用持续性动词,keep的过去分词为kept,故排除A和D。动词短语make
sb.
do
sth.接不带to的不定式做宾补,变为被动语态是要加上to,即be
made
to
do,所以第二个空用to
leave,故选B。
(
)28.
【2020甘孜州】He
felt
tired,
so
he
stopped
_____________
a
rest
under
the
tree.
A.
having
B.
have
C.
to
have
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他感到累了,所以他停下来在树下休息。考查非谓语动词。stop
doing
sth.停止做某事;stop
to
do
sth.停下来去做某事。根据题干中“He
felt
tired”可知是停下来去休息,用to
have符合题意。故选C。
(
)29.
【2020甘孜州】The
singer
was
often
seen
to
practice
____________
songs
near
the
woods
three
years
ago.
A.
sing
B.
singing
C.
to
sing
【答案】B
【解析】句意:三年前这个歌手经常被看到在树林附近练习唱歌。考查动名词。sing动词原形;singing动名词;to
sing动词不定式。此处表达“练习做某事”用practice
doing,此处用动名词singing作宾语。故选B。
(
)30.
【2020重庆市】They
hope
________the
basketball
match.
A.
win
B.
won
C.
to
win
D.
winning
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他们希望赢这场篮球比赛。考查非谓语动词。win赢,动词原形;won是win的过去式或过去分词形式;to
win动词不定式;winning动名词或现在分词形式。句中谓语动词是hope,意为“希望”,常用于句型hope
to
do
sth.“希望去做某事”,因此这里应用动词不定式。故选C。
(
)31.
【2020重庆市B卷】We’d
better
follow
the
seven-step
hand-washing
method
__________
healthy.
A.
to
keep
B.
keep
C.
keeping
D.
keeps
【答案】A
【解析】句意:为了保持健康,我们最好遵循七步洗手法。考查非谓语动词。to
keep动词不定式;keep动词原形;keeping动名词;keeps动词三单。分析句子可知,此处表示目的,用于句中作目的状语,所以使用动词不定式形式。故选A。
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第七讲
八年级上册
Units5-7考点多练原卷版
(
)1.【2020广西北部湾经济区】Now
the
Chinese
government
has
made
laws
________
wild
animals.
A.
protect
B.
protects
C.
to
protect
D.
protected
(
)2.【2020青海省】A
CCTV
news
reporter
will
come
to
interview
Wang
Lin
tomorrow
Please
tell
her
________.
A.
not
to
be
late
B.
not
to
come
C.
to
watch
TV
(
)3.【2020青岛市】Teachers
expect
all
their
students
________
progress
day
by
day.
A.
to
make
B.
make
C.
to
take
D.
take
(
)4.【2020云南省】Wang
Lei
is
looking
forward
to
________
the
best
high
school
in
September.
A.
refusing
B.
playing
C.
reading
D.
entering
(
)5.【2020福建省】The
twin
brothers
are
busy
________
artworks
from
ocean
waste.
A.making
B.make
C.to
make
(
)6.【2020上海市】The
engineers
will
keep________the
project
with
the
manager
of
the
company.
A.discuss
B.discussed
C.discussing
D.to
discuss
(
)7.【2020上海市】Doctors
tell
us________our
hands
before
and
after
every
meal.
A.wash
B.washed
C.washing
D.to
wash
(
)8.【2020四川攀枝花】The
doctor
warns
Jack
_____________stop
_____________because
it
is
bad
for
his
health.
A.to;
smoking
B.not;
to
smoke
C.to;
to
smoke
D.not
to;
smoking
(
)9.【2020四川省遂宁市】It’s
important
for
us________a
healthy
lifestyle.
A.to
keep
B.keep
C.keeping
D.kept
(
)10.【2020海南省】Frank
and
his
friends
had
great
fun
_________volleyball
on
the
beach
yesterday.
A.
play
B.
playing
C.
to
play
(
)11.【2020黑龙江绥化】My
teacher
encouraged
me
__________
English
as
much
as
possible.
A.
to
speak
B.
speak
C.
speaking
(
)12.【2020镇江市】A
lot
of
museums
in
China
are
worth___________.
If
you
have
time,
you
can
choose
to
go.
A.
visited
B.
visiting
C.
to
visit
D.
visit
(
)13.【2020南通市】They
offered
courses_________
students
know
the
importance
of
protecting
the
Huanghe
River.
A.
help
B.
helped
C.
helps
D.
to
help
(
)14.【2020盐城市】The
Birdwatching
Society
goes
to
Zhalong
Nature
Reserve
the
birds
every
year.
A.
to
count
B.
counting
C.
count
D.
counts
(
)15.【2020湖北省恩施州】My
sister
has
gone
to
work
in
Beijing,
not
for
money,
but
________
herself.
A.improve
B.improved
C.to
improve
(
)16.【2020湖北省黄石市】He
spent
two
hours
________
his
mother
with
housework
last
Sunday.
A.helping
B.helped
C.to
help
D.help
(
)17.【2020长沙市】We
are
glad
________
that
traditional
Chinese
medicine
can
work
wonders
in
preventing
some
diseases.
A.
know
B.
to
know
C.
knowing
(
)18.【2020益阳市】Diana
used
to
_________
to
work,
but
now
she
is
used
to
________
because
the
road
is
crowded
and
she
wants
to
keep
fit.
A.
drive;
walk
B.
drive;
walking
C.
driving;
walk
(
)19.【2020怀化市】—A
lot
of
old
people
are
lonely.
What
can
we
do
to
help
them?
—I
want
______
the
old
people's
home
to
talk
to
them.
A.
visit
B.
to
visit
C.
visiting
(
)20.【2020内蒙古包头市】______
the
project
as
planned,
they
need
to
work
two
more
hours
a
day.
A.To
finish
B.Finishing
C.Finish
D.To
be
finished
(
)21.【2020贵州省安顺市】With
the
improvement
in
transportation,
students
in
some
small
villages
no
longer
go
on
ropeways
______
rivers
to
schools.
A.
to
cross
B.
crossing
C.
crossed
(
)22.
【2020贵州铜仁市】—Look!
Kangkang,
that
old
man
is
crossing
the
crosswalk.
—Jane,
let’s________
him.
A.
helps
B.
to
help
C.
helping
D.
help
(
)23.
【2020黑龙江省龙东地区】We
should
do
what
we
can
________
those
people
when
they
are
in
trouble.
A.
to
help
B.
helped
C.
help
(
)24.
【2020江苏省苏州市】The
doctors
and
nurses
managed
_________
the
lives
of
patients,
though
they
didn’t
have
enough
medicine.
A.
save
B.
saving
C.
to
save
D.
to
saving
(
)25.
【2020四川省成都市】—Why
do
many
farmers
put
their
products
online
these
days?
—________them
more
easily.
A.
To
sell
B.
Sell
C.
Selling
(
)26.
【2020四川达州市】Our
government
tries
to
do
everything
they
can
_________
people
live
a
better
life.
A.
to
help
B.
help
C.
helping
D.
helped
(
)27.
【2020四川达州市】—
Clara,
you
have
______
Journey
to
the
West
for
two
weeks.
—
Sorry,
I
wanted
to
give
it
back
but
was
made
_________
Dazhou
on
business
last
week.
A.
borrowed;
to
leave
B.
kept;
to
leave
C.
kept;
leave
D.
borrowed;
leave
(
)28.
【2020甘孜州】He
felt
tired,
so
he
stopped
_____________
a
rest
under
the
tree.
A.
having
B.
have
C.
to
have
(
)29.
【2020甘孜州】The
singer
was
often
seen
to
practice
____________
songs
near
the
woods
three
years
ago.
A.
sing
B.
singing
C.
to
sing
(
)30.
【2020重庆市】They
hope
________the
basketball
match.
A.
win
B.
won
C.
to
win
D.
winning
(
)31.
【2020重庆市B卷】We’d
better
follow
the
seven-step
hand-washing
method
__________
healthy.
A.
to
keep
B.
keep
C.
keeping
D.
keeps
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第七讲
八年级上册
Units5-7
中考一轮复习3+2
全国版
词汇拓展
1.action
n.行动→v.______________
______________
动作影片______________
采取行动
2.culture
n.文化;文明→adj.______________(文化的)
______________
传统文化
3.film
n.电影→同义词______________
______________
看电影
act
action
movie
take
action
cultural
traditional
culture
movie
see
a
film
词汇拓展
drive
piano
science
educate
educational
medical
discuss
violin
词汇拓展
begin
at
the
beginning
of
hobbies
mean
meaningful
meaningless
universities
词汇拓展
poor
successfully
success
succeed
be
successful
in
(doing)
sth.
person
simply
词汇拓展
be
famous/known
for
be
famous/known
to
be
famous/known
as
ability
disabled
be
able
to
do
sth.
foreigner
known
词汇拓展
stand
up
stand
for
stand
by
expectation
expected
expect
to
do
sth.
appearance
disappear
stood
词汇拓展
become
lost
losing
lose
one's
way/get
lost
sent
send
for
send
out
send
…
to
…
improvement
painting
became
词汇拓展
owner
on
one's
own
week
planned
planning
plan
to
do
sth.
make
a
plan/plans
cooker
常考短语
1.think
of考虑
2.find
out查明,弄清
3.talent
show才艺表演
4.expect
to
do
sth.期望做某事
5.play
a
joke
on对……开玩笑
6.learn
...from...向……学习……
7.come
out出现
8.be
ready
to愿意迅速做某事
9.such
as例如
10.dress
up装扮
11.take
someone’s
place代替某人
12.do
a
good
job干得好
13.play
sb.’s
role扮演某人的角色
14.grow
up成长
15.agree
with同意
16.of
course当然(回答请求)
17.make
sure确保
18.study
medicine
at
a
university在大学学医
19.send
sth.
to
sb.送给某人某物
20.get
good
grades取得好成绩
常考短语
21.sound
like
sth.听起来像某物
22.make
some
resolutions做出决定
23.be
able
to能够
24.make
promise许诺
25.at
the
beginning
of在……开始
26.improve
our
lives提高我们的生活水平
27.write
down写下
28.the
coming
year来年
29.help
sb.
(to)
do
sth.帮助某人做某事
30.have
to
do
with关于;与……有关系
31.take
up(尤指为消遣)学着做;开始做
32.keep
a
promise遵守承诺
33.have...in
common有一些共同之处
34.too...to...太……以至于不能
35.in
great
danger处在极大的危险中
36.live
on
the
earth居住在地球
37.play
a
part参加
38.the
same...as...与……一样
39.in
the
future在将来
40.try
to
do
sth.设法做某事
41.hundreds
of数百
42.look
like看着像
43.wake
up醒来
44.disagree
with不同意;不赞成
45.look
for寻找
46.fly
up
into
the
sky飞向天空
考点透析
(
)(2020广东)—Would
you
mind
my
turning
up
the
TV?
The
New
Year
concert
has
just
begun.
—
.
Just
go
ahead.
A.Please
don’t
B.Better
not
C.I’m
afraid
not
D.Of
course
not
D
【解析】本题考查情景交际。句意:—你介意我把电视声音开大点吗?新年音乐会刚刚开始。—当然不会。你随意。由答句后一句“Just
go
ahead(你继续)”可知,不介意把电视声音调大一些。故答案为D。
1.mind的用法
mind用作及物动词,意为“介意;对(某事)烦恼”,通常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中,其后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。mind
doing
sth.意为“介意做某事”。
We
don’t
mind
giving
them
a
hand.我们不介意帮助他们。
【注意】
对“Would
you
mind
(my)
doing
sth.?”句型进行回答时,表示“不介意”常用“Not
at
all./Certainly
not./Of
course
not.”等,表示“介意”习惯用“I’m
sorry,
but...”。
考点透析
(
)(2020河北)Did
you
hear
the
?
A
scientist
will
visit
our
school.
A.advice
B.news
C.praise
D.choice
B
【解析】本题考查名词辨析。advise意为“意见;建议”;news意为“消息;新闻”;praise意为“表扬;赞扬”;choice意为“选择”。“一个科学家要来访我校”应是一条“新闻”。
2.news的用法
news不可数名词,意为“新闻;新闻节目;消息”,它虽以-s结尾,但不是可数名词复数形式。a
piece
of
news意为“一条新闻”。news在句中作主语时,其后的谓语动词要用单数形式。
辨析:news/information/message
news
不可数名词
多指来自电视、报纸等媒体的最新消息
information
不可数名词
指来自各种渠道的信息
message
可数名词
指口信或便条式的留言等
考点透析
(
)(2020甘肃兰州)Bob’s
father
can’t
stand
soap
operas.
He
enjoys
sports
games
on
TV.
A.watch
B.to
watch
C.watching
D.watched
C
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。can’t
stand
doing
sth.意为“不能忍受做某事”。故答案为C。
3.stand的用法
stand动词,意为“忍受”,常用于否定句或疑问句中。多数情况下与can/can’t/could/couldn’t连用。can’t
stand
(sb.)
doing
sth.意为“不能忍受(某人)做某事”。
I
can’t
stand
staying
here
any
longer.我再也无法忍受继续待在这儿了。
考点透析
(
)(2020贵阳)Chinese
parents
always
try
their
best
a
good
education
environment
for
their
kids.
A.provide
B.to
provide
C.providing
B
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。Try
one’s
best
to
do
sth.意为“尽某人最大的努力做某事”,故答案为B。
4.expect的用法
expect动词,意为“预料;期待”,主要有以下用法:
①expect
to
do
sth.是固定结构,意为“期望做某事”。
②expect+名词/代词,意为“期待某事(物)或某人”。
③expect
sb.
to
do
sth.意为“期待某人做某事”。
④expect+从句意为“预计……”
I
expect
that
I’ll
come
back
next
Monday.我预计下周一回来。
5.try
one’s
best的固定搭配
try
one’s
best意为“尽力;竭尽全力”,与do
one’s
best同义。try/do
one’s
best
to
do
sth.意为“某人尽力做某事”。
Tom
is
trying/doing
his
best
to
win
the
competition.汤姆正竭尽全力赢得比赛。
考点透析
(
)(2017广西来宾中考)Linda
works
hard
and
she
practices
English
every
day.
A.speak
B.speaks
C.speaking
D.to
speak
C
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。句意:琳达努力学习,并每天练习说英语。practice
doing
sth.意为“练习做某事”,故答案为C。
6.take
sb.’s
place固定搭配
take
sb.’s
place意为“代替;替换”。其同义短语为take
the
place
of。
I
had
to
go
out,
so
Jane
took
my
place
at
the
meeting.我不得不外出,因此简替我参加了会议。
7.practice的用法
practice用作及物动词,意为“连词”,其后可接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式作宾语,不能接动词不定式。practice
doing
sth.意为“练习做某事”。
You
need
to
practice
running
every
morning.你需要每天早晨练习跑步。
考点透析
(
)(2020四川内江)Mr
Black,
you
are
becoming
healthier
and
healthier.
Please
keep
on
.
A.ran
B.to
run
C.runs
D.running
D
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。句意:布莱克先生,你变得越来越健康了。请坚持跑步。keep
on
doing
sth.意为“坚持做某事”。故答案为D。
8.keep
on
doing
sth.的固定搭配
keep
on
doing
sth.意为“继续做某事”。
Mike
kept
on
asking
questions.迈克不停地问问题。
【拓展】
(1)keep
doing
sth.意为“一直做某事”。
He
kept
standing
there
for
an
hour
without
moving.他在那儿一动不动地站了一个小时。
(2)keep
sb.
doing
sth.意为“让某人一直做某事”。
Sorry,
I
have
kept
you
waiting
so
long.对不起,让你久等了。
考点透析
9.send的用法
send及物动词,意为“寄;发送”,其过去式和过去分词都是sent,其后接双宾语,即send
sb.
sth.=send
sth.
to
sb.。
He
sent
me
a
postcard.=He
sent
a
postcard
to
me.他寄给我一张明信片。
10.promise的用法
promise用作可数名词,意为“承诺;诺言”。make
promises意为“许下承诺/诺言”;keep
a
promise意为“遵守诺言”;break
a
promise意为“违背诺言”。
Peter
often
makes
promises
to
his
teacher.皮特经常向他的老师许诺。
【拓展】
promise还可用作及物动词,意为“许诺;承诺”。常用于以下三种结构:
①promise
to
do
sth.意为“许诺做某事”
My
mother
promised
to
buy
a
piano
for
me.我妈妈许诺给我买一架钢琴。
②promise
sb.
sth.意为“许诺某人某事”
My
aunt
promised
me
a
bike.我姑姑答应我买一辆自行车。
③promise
+that从句
“承诺……”
Tom
promised
that
he
is
going
to
learn
another
foreign
language.汤姆承诺他要再学一门外语。
考点透析
(
)(2019广东阳江四校第二次联考)I
didn’t
go
to
school
yesterday.
So
I
to
do
with
that
fight.
A.had
B.had
nothing
C.had
something
D.had
anything
B
【解析】本题考查固定搭配。由前半句句意“我昨天没有上学”可推知后半句句意为“所以我和那场打斗没有关系”。have
nothing
to
do
with意为“与……没有关系”。故答案为B。
11.have
to
do
with的固定搭配
have
to
do
with意为“关于;与……有联系”。
Most
of
his
questions
have
to
do
with
his
lessons.他的大部分问题与功课有关。
【拓展】
have
nothing
to
do
with意为“与……没有关系”。
考点透析
(
)(2020广东)The
children
are
tired
go
any
farther.
A.too;
to
B.so;
that
C.not;
enough
to
D.enough;
to
A
【解析】本题考查连词辨析。句意:孩子们太累了,再也走不动了。表示“太……以至于不能”的句型有“too...to+动词短语”“so...that+句子”。故答案为A。
12.take
up的固定搭配
take
up意为“(尤指为消遣)开始做;学着做”,后面接名词或动名词。还可译为“占用(空间或时间)”。
13.too...to...的固定搭配
too...to...意为“太……而不能……”。too是副词,后跟形容词或副词,to是动词不定式符号,后跟动词原形。该短语在形式上是肯定结构,但是表达的却是否定意义。
The
boy
is
too
young
to
go
to
school.这个男孩太小不能上学。
考点透析
(
)(2018云南曲靖中考)In
our
hometown,
villagers
leave
for
big
cities
to
look
for
jobs.
A.two
hundreds
of
B.hundred
of
C.hundreds
of
D.two
hundred
C
【解析】本题考查数词。当hundred前有基数词表示具体数目时,hundred后不加-s,也不于of连用,故排除A和D;hundreds
of意为“许多,大量”,表示模糊数目,故答案为C。
14.There
be+sb./sth.+doing
sth.的固定句式
There
be+sb./sth.+doing
sth.意为“有某人/某物正在做某事”。
There
are
some
boys
planting
trees
on
the
hill.有一些男孩正在山上植树。
15.hundreds
of的用法
hundreds
of意为“许多;大量”。
【拓展】
①hundred,
thousand,
million,
billion等数词,前面有具体数字时,表示确切数目,其后不加-s,也不和of连用。
②hundreds
of/thousands
of/millions
of/billions
of表示“数百/千/百万/千亿……”,它们表示一个不确定的数目,它们的前面没有具体数字,这时hundred,
thousand,
million和billion后要加-s,而且与of连用。
难点辨析
1.辨析:hope/wish
hope
表示可以实现或能达成的“希望”
hope
to
do
sth.“希望做某事”
We
hope
to
see
you
again.我们希望再次见到你。
hope+that从句“希望……”
We
hope
that
we
can
see
you
again.我们希望再次见到你。
表示某种强烈的“愿望”;后跟从句时,一般表示难以实现的“愿望”,从句常用虚拟语气
wish
to
do
sth.“希望做某事”
I
wish
to
go
right
now.我希望现在就走。
wish
wish
sb
to
do
sth.“希望某人做某事”
I
wish
him
to
make
progress.我希望他取得进步。
wish+that从句“希望……”
I
wish
I
could
fly
like
a
bird.但愿我能像鸟一样飞。
表示美好的“祝愿”
wish+宾语+宾语补足语(形容词或名词)
I
wish
you
happy.祝你幸福。
【注意】
hope后不能用动词不定式作宾补,而wish可以。
难点辨析
2.辨析:be
famous
for/be
famous
as/be
famous
to
be
famous
for
因为……而出名
后接闻名的原因,与be
known
for同义
be
famous
as
作为……而出名
后接表示职业等的词,与be
known
as同义
be
famous
to
为……所熟知
后接人
China
is
famous
for
its
long
history.中国因其悠久的历史而闻名。
Tu
Youyou
is
famous
as
a
great
scientist.屠呦呦作为一名伟大的科学家而出名。
3.辨析:be
able
to/can
be
able
to
有人称和数的变化
表示有能力,尤指经过努力而获得的能力
用于多种时态
can
无人称和数的变化
表示自身所具备的能力
只有can和could两种形式
They
will
be
able
to
tell
you
the
news
soon.他们很快就能告诉你那个消息了。
He
can
speak
English
well.他英语说得很好。
难点辨析
4.辨析:more/less/fewer
more
many或much的比较级
更多的
后接可数名词复数或不可数名词
less
little的比较级
较少的,更少的
后跟不可数名词
fewer
few的比较级
较少的,更少的
后跟可数名词复数
Students
today
face
more
competitions.现在的学生面对更多竞争。
You
should
have
less
junk
food
to
keep
healthy.你应该少吃垃圾食品以保持健康。
(2020山东)If
there
are
people
driving,
there
will
be
pollution.
A.less;
less
B.fewer;
fewer
C.fewer;
less
D.less;
fewer
【解析】本题考查比较级。people是可数名词,故用fewer修饰;pollution是不可数名词,故用less修饰。故答案为C。
语法聚焦
动词不定式作宾语的用法
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式符号。其具体用法如下:
用法
例句
want,hope,decide,agree,choose,would
like,plan,fail等动词(短语)后接动词不定式作宾语
I
decided
to
go
to
the
countryside
for
vacation.我决定去农村度假。
ask,know,show,teach,guess,find
out等动词(短语)后可用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构
Please
teach
me
how
to
play
the
piano.请叫我怎么弹钢琴。
like,love,begin,start等动词后既可以接动词不定式,也可以接动名词形式,意义上差别不大
I
like
singing,
but
I
don’t
like
to
sing
now.我喜欢唱歌,但是现在我不想唱歌。
“find/think/feel+it+形容词+动词不定式”结构,其中it为形式宾语,动词不定式为真正的宾语
I
find
it
difficult
to
learn
English.我发现学英语很难。
感谢欣赏