2021中考英语复习之语法填空课件39张

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中考英语专题复习
　语法填空
1
命题特点
2
解题技巧
命题特点
语法填空题设置为一篇留空的短文，一般为10个空，要求学生在理解短文的基础上，根据语法正确和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。通常有3个空没有给出提示词。语法填空题主要考查学生理解语篇的能力、分析句子结构的能力和熟练运用语法的能力。具体考查点如下：
1．空白直接填空
常见的填词有以下几种：固定搭配、冠词、介词、连词(并列连词、从属连词等)、关系代词、感叹词、it等。
(1)冠词：泛指、特指或固定搭配。
(2)介词：基本用法或固定搭配。
(3)连词：判断其连接的是并列句还是从句。
2．用所给单词的适当形式填空
所给词常见类：名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词等。
(1)名词提示：名词单、复数等词形变化。
(2)动词提示：时态、语态、非谓语动词等词形变化。
(3)形容词、副词提示：比较级、最高级等词形变化。
(4)代词提示：宾格、物主代词、反身代词。
解题技巧
(二)(2020?自贡)
You're
probably
used
to
getting
takeaway(外卖)
delivered(递送)
to
your
home
these
days.But
the
first
pizza
delivery
in
history
took
place
nearly
150
years
__1__
in
Italy.
真题剖析
In
1878，Margherita
became
the
first
queen
of
Italy.Gradually，the
queen
got
tired
__2__
eating“fancy”
meals
and
wanted
to
eat
“common”
food.Esposito，the
most
famous
pizza
chef
at
that
time，was
asked
to
deliver
a
pizza
to
the
queen.He
__3__(quick)
prepared
a
pizza
with
red
tomatoes，white
cheese
and
green
basil，which
stood
for
the
colors
of
Italy's
new
__4__(nation)
flag.As
soon
as
the
pizza
was
out
of
the
oven，he
delivered
it
to
the
queen
__5__(him)．The
queen
had
never
eaten
pizza
before
and
said
it
was
one
of
the
__6__(good)things
she'd
ever
eaten.
Esposito
named
the
pizza
after
the
queen，and
it
has
been
served
in
nearly
every
pizza
restaurant
in
the
world
ever
since.
Today，pizza
is
still
popular
with
people
around
the
world.In
1973，US
Domino's
Pizza
company
promised
__7__(take)
pizzas
to
customers
in“30
minutes
or
less.”
If
the
pizza
was
late，it
would
be
free.Another
US
pizza
company
offers
a
“Hot?N?Ready”
pizza
at
all
its
__8__(store)．These
pizzas
__9__(cook)
around
the
clock
so
that
there
are
always
fresh
pizzas
available.Go
to
the
store，paying
$6
__10__
you'll
walk
out
with
a
fresh
pizza
with
no
waiting
time.
1.____________
2._____________
3.____________
4._____________
5.____________
6._____________
7.____________
8._____________
9.____________
10._____________
ago　
of
quickly　
national　
himself　
best　
to
take
stores　
are
cooked
and
【文章大意】
本文主要讲述了披萨的起源及发展。
【解析】
1．ago　考查副词。句意：但是历史上第一次披萨外送大约150年前发生在意大利。根据句意可知应填ago。
2．of　考查固定搭配。句意：渐渐地女王厌倦了吃精致的食物，想要吃普通的食物。get
tired
of是固定搭配，意为“厌倦”。故填of。
3．quickly　考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，空格处作状语修饰动词prepared，应用副词。故填quickly。
4．national　考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，空格处作定语修饰名词flag，应填形容词。national
flag意为“国旗”。故填national。
5．himself　考查代词。句意：披萨一从烤箱中拿出来，他就亲自送给女王。表示某人亲自做某事应用反身代词。故填himself。
6．best　考查形容词的比较等级。“one
of＋the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”表示“……中最……之一”，此处应用最高级。故填best。
7．to
take　考查非谓语动词。promise
to
do
sth.是固定用法，意为“承诺做某事”。故填to
take。
8．stores　考查名词的复数。根据前面的all可知此处应用复数形式。故填stores。
9．are
cooked　考查动词的语态。主语These
pizzas和谓语动词cook之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；空格前后用的是一般现在时，结合语境可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。又根据主语为复数形式，构成被动语态的be动词应用are。故填are
cooked。
10．and　考查连词。句意：去披萨店付6美元，然后你不用等待就可以拿着一个新鲜的披萨出来。空格前后的两个句子是并列顺承关系，应用并列连词and来连接。故填and。
1．给出提示词的空
(1)若所给单词为名词，一般会从它的复数形式、形容词形式等方面考查。
(2)若所给单词为动词，一般会围绕时态、语态、第三人称单数形式以及非谓语动词进行考查，有时也会考查词性转换(如变为名词或形容词)。这就需要根据上下文语境及分析句子成分加以判别。
方法点拨
(3)若所给单词为形容词或副词，一般会考查它的比较级、最高级形式或者其副词或形容词形式。这就需要掌握形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的构成形式以及形容词变副词的相关规则。
(4)若所给词为代词，一般会考查宾格、物主代词或反身代词形式。在动词或介词后作宾语时要用代词的宾格；在名词前作限定词或相当于名词时要用物主代词；强调“某人亲自做某事”以及在一些固定搭配中常用反身代词。
2．没有提示词的空
这类题型相较上面的而言，略有难度。因为没有任何提示信息，考生一定要弄清句意及所填词的词性。并结合平时所学的语法知识，作出答案预测，对于有把握的答案可先填入空白处，然后逐一解决困难的选项。一般而言，没有任何提示的空常会考查如下内容：
(1)冠词：此类题通常考查冠词的基本用法以及固定搭配。如：a
lot
of，the
same
as。
(2)介词：此类题会考查介词的基本用法，也涉及动词与介词(或副词)的搭配(如：wait
for，turn
down)、形容词与介词的搭配(如：be
interested
in，be
strict
with)或相关介词短语(如：at
least，as
a
result)。
(3)连接词：此类题要求根据上下文的语意逻辑关系，填入合适的连接词。主要分为两种类型，一种是并列连词(如：and，but，or，so)，另一种是主从复合句连接词，即从句的引导词(如：that，whether，which，who，whom，where，when，why，how等)。
(4)固定句式：此类题也会考查一些常用的固定句式及搭配(如：too
...
to
...，so
...
that
...)。
(5)其他考查点：①it作形式主语或形式宾语的用法；
②感叹句引导词(what与how)；
③部分根据语境及句意可以直接填出的词(如either用在否定句句末)。
(一)(2020?眉山)
Can
a
one?armed
person
still
play
basketball？You
might
think
so
after
you
see
Zhang
Jiacheng
play.
技巧训练
The
one?armed
13?year?old
from
Guangdong
__1__(become)
an
Internet
star
recently.Featuring
his
dribbling(运球)
skills
and
powerful
underarm
shots(腋下投篮)，his
basketball
__2__(video)
have
been
viewed
by
more
than
50
million
people.Zhang
even
drew
the
attention
of
NBA
superstar
Steven
Curry.“You
are
__3__
inspiration.You
are
a
real
superstar
in
playing
basketball.”
Curry
said
in
a
video
posted
on
Sina
Weibo.
However，it
wasn't
easy
__4__
Zhang
to
step
onto
the
court.At
the
age
of
five，Zhang
__5__(hit)
in
a
car
accident
and
lost
his
right
arm.“Although
it
was
difficult
at
first，I
gradually
got
used
to
eating
and
getting
dressed
by
__6__(I)，”
Zhang
said.He
also
keeps
up
with
his
studies
in
school
and
helps
his
family
with
chores.On
a
hot
evening
in
2018，Zhang
was
watching
a
basketball
match
__7__
he
first
discovered
his
love
for
the
sport.Then
he
signed
up
for
a
basketball
class
in
his
school.From
then
on，he
always
took
a
basketball
with
him.He
also
practiced
basketball
in
PE
class.While
the
class
was
learning
how
to
jump
rope，which
takes
two
hands，he
asked
his
teacher
__8__(let)
him
do
basketball
training
instead.As
time
went
by，he
__9__(final)
became
the
best
basketball
player
in
his
school.
He
has
got
a
lot
of
attention
since
then.Zhang
said,
“With
the
encouragement
of
all
these
people,
I'll
practice
more.I'm
sure
that
I
will
become
even
__10__(good)．”
1.____________
2._____________
3.____________
4._____________
5.____________
6._____________
7.____________
8._____________
9.____________
10._____________
has
become
videos　
an　
for
was
hit
myself　
when
to
let
finally　
better
(二)(2020·南充)
Albert
Einstein
is
a
genius(天才)．This
story
about
him
shows
that
he's
also
humorous.
Einstein
often
received
__1__(invite)
to
explain
his
ideas
at
different
universities.On
these
trips，his
driver
Hans
often
said
to
him，“It's
a
pleasure
to
drive
a
genius
like
you，Dr.Einstein.”
One
evening，on
their
way
to
__2__
university，Einstein
said，“I'm
so
tired.I
wish
I
could
avoid
giving
my
lecture(讲座)
tonight，Hans，but
I
don't
want
to
make
my
listeners
__3__(disappoint)．”
“I
know
what
to
do，”
said
Hans.“I
can
give
the
lecture
for
you.You
can
trust
__4__(I)．I've
listened
to
your
lecture
so
many
times
that
I've
learnt
it
by
heart.No
one
__5__(know)
you
at
this
university，so
they
won't
find
out.”
So，they
changed
places.At
the
university，Hans
was
__6__(lead)
to
the
front
of
the
hall.Einstein
took
a
seat，listened
to
Hans
give
his
lecture
__7__
difficulty，and
joined
in
the
applause(掌声)
at
the
end.
However，before
Hans
left，a
man
shouted，“I'd
like__8__(ask)you
a
question.”He
then
asked
a
question
so
difficult
that
Hans
had
no
idea
what
he
was
talking
about.
Einstein
turned
pale.“Oh，no！”he
thought.“Now
we're
in
trouble.”__9__
Hans
just
laughed
and
said，“That's
such
an
easy
question
that
even
my
driver
can
answer
it.Hans，please
...”
Einstein
stood
up
and
answered
the
question
__10__(perfect)．
They
left
the
university，with
Einstein
driving.A
little
later，Hans
offered
to
drive.“No.”
laughed
Einstein.“It's
a
pleasure
to
drive
a
genius
like
you，Hans.”
1.____________
2._____________
3.____________
4._____________
5.____________
6._____________
7.____________
8._____________
9.____________
10._____________
invitations　
a
disappointed　　
me　　
knows　
led　
without　
to
ask
But　
perfectly　
(三)(2020?绵阳)
I
am
Wuhan，a
super
big
modern
city
with
a
population
of
over
11
million.I
am
home
to
China's
largest
railway
transfer
center.No
other
city
in
the
world
embraces
__1__(many)
college
students
than
me.At
the
beginning
of
2020，the
COVID-?19
outbreak
__2__(fall)
on
me.I
locked
myself
down
__3__(quick)．It's
believed
to
stop
the
epidemic
from
__4__(spread)．The
lockdown
is
never
seen
in
the
history
of
new
China.The
__5__(decide)
was
made
with
huge
courage.
I
am
Wuhan.Since
I
was
locked
down，I
have
seen
groups
of
medical
workers
arrive
in
the
city，one
after
another.Brothers
and
sisters
__6__
different
parts
of
the
country
have
rushed
for
my
rescue(救援)．You
all
have
offered
__7__
best
that
you
have
to
back
me
up.A
number
of
__8__(hospital)
have
been
built
to
make
sure
every
patient
is
treated.I
am
greatly
__9__(thank)
to
you
all
for
sending
me
food
and
supplies.With
the
whole
country's
joint
efforts，I
have
returned
to
normal.So
far，I
__10__(win)
the
battle！I
am
Wuhan.We
are
Wuhan.We
are
Wuhan，China.
1.____________
2._____________
3.____________
4._____________
5.____________
6._____________
7.____________
8._____________
9.____________
10._____________
more　
fell　
quickly
spreading　
decision　
from
the　
hospitals　
thankful
have
won
(四)(2020?德阳)
Imagine
that
you
are
running
in
a
park
on
a
very
hot
day.Will
you
feel
tired?
The
answer
is
yes.But
besides
__1__
feeling
of
being
tired，I
believe
most
people
will
feel
thirsty
soon.You
will
feel
much
__2__(good)
right
away
after
you
drink
some
water.Your
body
needs
water，so
it
tells
you
to
drink.It's
simple，right?
Actually，it's
not
__3__(real)
simple.There
is
a
special
part
in
our
brains.When
our
blood
is
too
salty，it
says，“Drink！”
__4__
we
drink，it
is
quiet.Water
does
not
go
into
our
blood
right
away.However，our
brains
still
know
that
we
__5__(drink)
before.How?
When
you
swallow(吞)
fast，your
brain
knows
and
thinks
you
are
drinking
water.
If
you
drink
something
else，your
brain
will
still
be
quiet.It
will
still
think
you
are
drinking
water.Maybe
you
drink
cola
or
even
oil.You
will
stop
__6__(feel)
thirsty.But
in
fact，drinking
those
things
is
not
good
__7__
you
when
you
feel
thirsty.You
should
just
drink
water
because
your
body
needs
it
most.
How
much
water
should
we
drink
each
day?
Here
are
doctors'
__8__(opinion)．Some
doctors
advise
__9__(we)
to
drink
eight
cups
of
water
every
day，while
other
doctors
say
that's
too
much.On
a
hot
day，you
lose
a
lot
of
water.So，maybe
you
should
drink
more.Every
person's
body
has
__10__(difference)
needs.
1.____________
2._____________
3.____________
4._____________
5.____________
6._____________
7.____________
8._____________
9.____________
10._____________
the　
better　
really　
After
drank　
feeling　
for
opinions　
us　
different