高考英语二轮语法复习：高考冠词 51张ppt

(共51张PPT)
冠
词
冠词
知识网络
概念：用于名词或“形容词+名词”前帮主说明名词含义的一种虚词
冠词
1.泛指“一个/本/段/张/...”:
rent
an
apartment,
for
a
long
time
2.任一：A
horse
is
a
useful
animal.
3.每一：twice
a
month,
write
800
words
a
day
4.说话者不认识的“某一”：
A
Mrs
Green
is
waiting
for
you
at
the
school
gate.
5.单一：
He
didn’t
tell
us
a
thing
about
it.
6.固定词组：as
a
result/whole/rule,
make
a
living,
make
a
trip,
go
on
a
diet,
come
to
an
end
7.区分a与an:
an
hour,
an
honest
boy;
a
useful
book,
a
one-way
ticket
不
定
冠
词
冠词
1.特指某(些)人或某(些)事，相当于“这(些)”“那(些)”：the
history
of
the
Olympics
2.谈话双方都明确所指的人或事：Open
the
door,
please.
3.复指上文已提及的人或事：He
gave
me
a
pen.
The
pen
is
very
expensive.
4.独一无二的事物名词前：the
earth,
the
moon,
the
world,
the
universe(宇宙).
5.序数词或最高级前：
on
the
second
floor,
the
most
outstanding
examples
定
冠
词
冠词
6.普通名词构成的专有名词前：the
United
Nations,
the
Yellow
River,
the
Party
7.在姓氏复数前表示某某夫妇或一家人：the
Greens;
the
Bakers
8.与某些形容词连用表示一类人：the
poor=poor
people,
the
rich,the
sick,the
wounded
9.演奏西洋乐器的乐器名词前：play
the
piano,
play
the
violin
定
冠
词
冠词
10.中国传统节日前：the
Spring
Festival,
the
Mid-Autumn
Festival,
the
Dragon
Boat
Festival.
11.方向方位名词前：in
the
east,
on
the
right
12.打/抓/拍某人的某个部位：hit
sb
in
the
face;
take
sb
by
the
arm,
touch
sb
on
the
shoulder
13.固定词组和句型：in
the
city,
in
the
countryside,
one…the
other;
the
more…the
more,
at
the
same
time
定
冠
词
冠词
1.季节、月份、星期几、非中国传统节日：in
Spring/July,
on
Monday,
at
Christmas
2.不可数名词或复数可数名词表示泛指时：Water
is
composed
of
hydrogen
and
oxygen./Books
are
my
best
friends.
3.表示一日三餐的名词前：have
breakfast,
have
lunch,
have
dinner,
have
supper,
have
brunch
4.语言、学科、运动或游戏名词前：learn
English,
play
football,
play
hide-and-seek
零
冠
词
冠词
5.专有名词前：London
is
the
capital
of
England
6.某些建筑或家具指其用途时：go
to
bed/school/church/prison,
be
in
hospital,
at
table
7.做表语、补语或同位语的唯一职位名词前：We
elected
Tom
monitor
of
our
class.
8.by+交通工具：by
bus/bike/plane/ship/
boat/taxi/subway/train;
by
land/air/sea
零
冠
词
at
first,
at
last,
at
once,
at
dusk,
at
dawn,
at
noon,
at
night,
at
peace/war,
at
risk,
at
random
in
detail,
in
vain,
in
advance,
in
trouble,
in
fact,
in
particular,
in
general,
in
conclusion,
in
need
on
display,
on
purpose,
on
average,
after
school,
after
graduation;
by
mistake,
by
chance;
under
attack
9.固定词组：
冠词
零
冠
词
考点考法
This
is
one
of_____
most
vivid
cartoons
I
have
ever
seen.
填
空
She
was
a
success
as
___
actress.
“形容词
+名词”前
名词前
He
has
been
diving
into
_____
history
of
Chinese
literature.
Drinking
plays
___
important
role
in
Chinese
banquets(宴请).
an
an
the
the
顾
真
题
回
一、语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.
(2019全国Ⅰ卷)
Of
____
nineteen
recognized
polar
bear
subpopulations,
three
are
declining,
six
are
stable,
one
is
increasing,
and
nine
lack
enough
data.
此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。
the
2.
(2019全国Ⅱ卷)
When
we
got
a
call
saying
she
was
short-listed,
we
thought
it
was
___
joke.
表示泛指“一个”玩笑，应用不定冠词a。
a
3.
(2018全国Ⅱ卷)Corn
production
has
jumped
nearly
125
percent
over
____
past
25
years,
while
rice
has
increased
only
7
percent.
表示特指一段时间，意为“过去的25年间”，
故用定冠词the。
the
5.
(2017全国Ⅰ卷)As
____
result,
people
will
eat
more
food
to
try
to
make
up
for
that
something
missing.
因as
a
result(结果)是固定词组。
a
4.
(2018全国Ⅲ卷)Unexpectedly,
I'm
face-to-face
with
the
gorilla,
who
begins
screaming
at
____
top
of
her
lungs.
the
因at
the
top
of
one's
lungs为固定搭配，意为“用某人最大的声音”。
6.
(2017全国Ⅱ卷)This
included
digging
up
the
road,
laying
the
track
and
then
building
a
strong
roof
over
________
top.
特指the
track的顶上。
7.
(2017全国Ⅲ卷)
Instead,
she
is
earning
￡6,500
a
day
as
_____
model
in
New
York.
表示职业或身份的单数可数名词前习惯上用不定冠词。
the
/its
a
8.
(2016全国Ⅰ卷)…while
one
is
being
bottle-fed,
____
other
is
with
mum—he
never
suspects.
因one…the
other是固定搭配。
9.
(2016全国Ⅱ卷)
Give
your
body
and
brain
a
rest
by
stepping
outside
for
____while,
exercising,
or
doing
something
you
enjoy.
因for
a
while
意为“一段时间”。
the
a
10.
(2015全国Ⅱ卷)The
adobe
dwellings(土坯房)are
admired
by
even
_____
most
modern
architects
and
engineers.
在最高级前用定冠词the。
11.
(2014全国Ⅰ卷)Now,
years
later,
this
river
is
one
of
_____
most
outstanding
examples
of
environmental
cleanup.
在最高级前用定冠词the。
the
the
析
考
情
分
考情：冠词是高考每年必考的考点，就最近六年高考来说，已考查的有：
1.
定冠词和不定冠词的一般用法。即定冠词表示特指，相当于“这，那，这些，那些”；不定冠词表示泛指，相当于“一(个，段，座等)”。
2.
在最高级前、序数词前、独一无二的事物名词前等要用定冠词。
3.
含定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的固定短语或习惯搭配。
解法：冠词用于名词或“形容词+名词”前。因此，在语法填空中，如果空格设在名词或“形容词+名词”前，一般填冠词，如上述第1、2、3、7题。
练
模
拟
操
一、语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1.
(2020福建福州)
_____
number
of
times
upcycling
has
been
looked
up
on
the
Cambridge
Dictionary
website
has
risen
by
181%
since
December
of
2011.
作者应是表达“剑桥词典网站里，upcycling被查阅的次数上升了”,
表示“……的数量”是the
number
of…。顺便提提,
该短语做主语时,
与单数动词连用,
本句中has
risen就是单数动词。
The
2.
(2020山西阳泉)
Since
there
are
___
large
number
of
existing
motivations,
it
is
important
to
know
which
ones
are
persuasive
to
you.
由a
large
number
of
（许多）是固定词组，该短语做主语时，与复数动词连用，本句中的are就是复数。
a
3.
(2020内蒙古赤峰)
The
artist
wanted
to
show
the
end
of
an
era
(时代).
The
time
of
the
beautiful,
old
sailing
ships
is
coming
to
____
end.
因come
to
an
end（结束）是固定词组。
4.
(2019广东汕头)
They
discovered
that
singing
in
groups
played
_____
important
part
in
helping
people
recover
from
mental
illness.
因play
an
important
part
in（在……中发挥重要作用）为固定搭配。
an
an
5.
(2019湖南衡阳)
…people
celebrate
his
spirits
by
showing
goodwill
and
giving
____
helping
hand
to
others.
因give
a
helping
hand
(伸出援助之手)
是固定词组。
6.
(2018安徽蚌埠)
But
the
increasing
number
of
people
travelling
to
the
ends
of
the
Earth
can
have
_____negative
effect
on
fragile
ecosystems
(生态系统).
Should
tourists
be
allowed
to
visit
polar
regions?
因have
an
effect
on
(对……有影响)
是固定词组，而effect的修饰语negative的读音是辅音开头，故填a。
a
a
7.
(2020黑龙江大庆)
A
legend
has
it
that
at
___
end
of
the
Eastern
Han
Dynasty
(AD25-220)
Zhang
Zhongjing
saved
many
people
in
Henan
Province
from
a
typhoid
epidemic
(伤寒)
…around
Start
of
Winter.
因at
the
end
of
(在……的末尾)
是固定词组，意为“相传在东汉末年”。句中A
legend
has
it
that…
是“相传……”的意思。
the
8.
(2020湖南永州)
The
Tibetan
antelopes
(羚羊)
are
listed
in
the
“Convention
on
International
Trade
in
Endangered
Species
of
Wild
Fauna
and
Flora”
as
endangered
(濒临灭绝的)
species
with
a
population
estimated
to
be
less
than
35,000
and
still
on
_____
decline.
因on
the
decline
(在减少)
是固定词组。顺便提提，on
the
increase正在增长。
the
9.
(2020山西太原)
And
the
more
we
live
in
them,
______
more
stress
we
have…
这是the
more…the
more…
（越……就越……）
固定句式。
10.
(2018福建南平)
Some
people
think
the
Internet
will
certainly
take
_____
place
of
the
traditional
library.
因take
the
place
of
（代替）
是固定词组。
the
the
11.
(2020内蒙古呼和浩特)
She
remembered
that
frequently
at
break
she
had
taken
Douglas,
a
small
lonely
child
by
_____
hand.
因take
sb
by
the
hand
(牵着某人的手)
是习惯搭配。
12.
(2019山东枣庄)
Take
Heytea
as
____example.
It
was
just
a
small
tea
shop
located
in
a
small
lane
in
a
small
city
of
Guangdong
Province
in
2019.
因take…as
an
example
(以……为例)
是固定搭配。
the
an
13.
(2018湖南湘潭)
I
want
to
set
____
good
example
to
deaf
children.
因set
a
good
example
to
sb
（给某人树立一个良好的榜样）
是固定表达。
14.
(2018山西太原)
The
famous
Lascaux
Caves
consist
of
a
large
hole
and
_____
series
of
connecting
caves,
with
a
natural
water
system.
因a
series
of
（一系列,
一连串,
一些）
是固定词组。
a
a
15.
(2018湖北襄阳)
In
Australia,
which
has
the
highest
number
of
food
advertisements
in
children's
television
in
the
world,
there
are
___
average
of
12
food
ads
per
hour.
因an
average
of
（平均有）
是习惯表达。
16.
(2019广东珠海)
They
conducted
a
trial
across
China
from
August
2018
to
May
2019,
covering
____
total
of
1,369
adult
smokers.
因a
total
of
（总数为……）
是固定词组。
an
a
17.
(2018湖南永州)
Meanwhile,
a
total
of
490,000
foreigners
from
204
countries
and
regions
studied
in
China
in
2017.
…Students
from
the
Belt
and
Road
countries
accounted
for
64.9
percent
of
___
total.
特指前文中提到的“那个”总数。
18.
(2019江西)
The
doctor
changed
his
mind
overnight
and,
____
next
day,
he
decided
to
dress
the
deep
wound
every
other
day
for
three
months.
因the
next
day为固定短语，意为“第二天”。
the
the
19.
(2018广西贵港)
I
was
delighted
_____
other
day
when
I
saw
a
card
left
on
the
table
to
say
thanks.
因为the
other
day
(几天前)
是固定词组，且与一般过去时连用。
20.
(2019河南安阳)
In
fact,
it
looks
so
much
like
an
elephant
that
many
people
think
it
must
have
been
shaped
by
humans.
That
is
not
_____
case,
however.
表示“实情，事实”习惯上说the
case。
the
the
21.
(2019湖南怀化)
…it
was
due
to
a
warmer,
wetter
climate
and
enrichment
from
the
added
carbon
dioxide
in
_____
atmosphere.
表示“大气，大气层”习惯上说the
atmosphere。
22.
(2018河南)
From
his
point
of
view,
the
Big
Bang
was
the
start
of
_____
universe
and
it
only
took
less
than
a
second
to
happen.
表示“宇宙，天地万物”习惯上说the
universe。
the
the
23.
(2018河北沧州)
Shared
bikes
play
a
positive
role
in
meeting
_____
public's
need
for
“last
mile”
transportation
and
creating
a
low-carbon
transport
network.
表示“公众，民众”习惯上说the
public。
the
24.
(2019广东惠州)
Hakka
Earth
Building
(客家土楼)
…is
praised
as
a
magnificent
architectural
work
of
village
houses
in
____
world
for
its
long
history,
unique
style,
smart
structure
and
magnificent
scale…
因in
the
world
（在世界上）
为固定词组。句意：它以其悠久的历史、独特的风格、巧妙的结构和宏大的规模被誉为世界村屋的宏伟建筑作品。
the
25.
(2019广东汕头)
Recently,
an
Indian
film
“Hindi
Medium”
has
made
____
hit!
因make
a
hit
(大获成功,
轰动一时,
给予极其良好的印象)
是固定词组。
a
26.
(2019广西柳州)
In
June,
she
was
invited
as
an
important
speaker
at
the
9th
Biennial
Obesity
Conference…and
was
honored
by
the
American
Heart
Association
for
her
work
and
effects
in
the
health
community
at
such
____
early
age.
因such后面的单数可数名词前习惯上要用不定冠词,
such
an
early
age意为“如此小的年龄”,
又如such
a
disaster这样的灾难,
such
an
intelligent
boy这么聪明的孩子。
an
27.
(2020辽宁丹东)
Over
_____
last
several
centuries,
Beijing
residents
have
liked
to
raise
pigeons
and
let
them
soar
through
the
sky
every
day.
特指在刚刚过去的几个世纪里,
故填the。这类短语还有in
the
past
few
years,
during
the
last
few
years等，建议作为一个整体来掌握。
28.
(2018安徽合肥)
It
is
also
a
cultural
bridge
between
Xishuangbanna
and
Southeast
Asian
countries
that
share
_____
same
festival.
因为same习惯上总是与the连用的。
the
the
29.
(2018福建龙岩)
In
____
word,
China
is
leading
in
many
ways.
因in
a
word
（总之）
是固定词组。
30.
(2020辽宁葫芦岛)
Released
(发布)
on
Aug
30,
it
was
the
most-downloaded
free
app
in
China
as
of
Sept
10,
according
to
App
Annie,
____
website
that
tracks
app
data.
意为“一个追踪应用数据的网站”,
表达“一个”用不定冠词。顺便提提，a
website…是App
Annie的同位语，起补充说明作用。句中as
of意为“截至”。
a
a
31.
(2020吉林长春)
The
service
comes
after
____
recently-released
regulation
on
waste
management
in
Shanghai.
表示“一项”最新颁布的规章制度
(regulation),故填a。
32.
(2020山东潍坊)
She
has
taught
me
how
to
live,
I've
learned
to
slow
down
and
see
the
world
in
_____
different
way.
因way是可数名词，前面用不定冠词，表示“一种”不同的方式。另外，in
a
different
way
(以一种不同的方式)
也可作词组来记。
a
a
33.
(2020河北承德)
After
six
months,
Janet
did
much
better
and
even
got
____
A
in
the
maths
exam.
在数学考试中得到“一个”A的成绩，表示“一个”用不定冠词。
34.
(2018福建三明)
Studying
for
_____
MBA
can
be
expensive.
The
program
at
the
University
of
Virginia,
for
example,
costs
more
than
＄22,000
a
year.
泛指的“一个”工商管理学位，而M的读音以元音/e/开头，故用an。
an
an
35.
(2020河南平顶山)
Mr
Ma
said
recently
in
_____
interview,
“There
are
a
lot
of
things
for
me
to
learn
from
Bill
Gates.”
意思是“马先生最近在一次采访中说”，表示“一次”用不定冠词，interview的读音以元音开头，填an。
an
36.
(2020山东青岛)
Seippel's
music
is
mainly
electronic
and
sounds
quite
modern.
But
the
pipa
lets
him
add
_____
unique
element
to
his
music.
句意“但琵琶让他为自己的音乐增添了一种独特的元素”，表示“一种”用不定冠词。
注意：unique的拼写虽以元音字母开头，但读音却以辅音/j/开头，类似的还有a
useful
approach一种有用的方法,
a
European
brand一个欧洲的品牌，a
one?way
street
一条单行道；相反，也有以辅音字母开头但读音却以元音开头的情况，如：an
hour一小时，an
honest
person一个诚实的人。
a
37.
(2018山东菏泽)
At
a
counter
we
noticed
that
___
foreigner
was
talking
to
a
clerk,
but
the
clerk
didn't
understand
what
the
foreigner
said.
文中第一次出现foreigner，用不定冠词，意为有“一个”外国人在跟一个职员说话。
38.
(2020福建厦门)
The
exhibition
was
also
___
huge
success.
虽success作“成功”解是抽象名词，即不可数名词，但作“成功的人或事”时是可数名词，此处指“成功的展览”为可数名词；表示“一次获得巨大的成功的展览”，表示“一次”用不定冠词。
a
a
39.
(2020湖北十堰)
It
took
Yang
Yu
two
years
to
polish
the
script
(剧本),
and
the
film
was
in
production
for
three
years.
It
is
_____
most
complex
cartoon
production
ever
made
in
China.
形容词的最高级前面，用定冠词the。
40.
(2019河南六市)
They
are
by
the
coast
and
known
for
having
some
of
______
sunniest
weather
in
the
UK.
形容词最高级前要加定冠词the。
the
the
41.
(2019山东临沂)
The
State
Hermitage
Museum
in
St.
Petersburg
is
_____
second
largest
art
museum
in
the
world.
在表顺序的序数词前常加定冠词the。
42.
(2018河南周口)
This
technique
later
helped
create
Dolly
the
sheep
in
1996,
28,
_____
first
cloned
mammal
in
the
world.
表顺序的数词前要加the。
the
the
43.
(2018四川遂宁)
If
something
goes
wrong,
New
Zealand
people
are
more
likely
to
give
people
_____
second
chance
so
that
they
can
prove
themselves
or
show
that
things
can
be
done
differently.
虽然second是序数词，但在此并不表示顺序，而是表示在原基础上增加一次，即表示“再一，又一”时，用不定冠词。
a
44.
(2018新疆)
_____
Smiths
learned
it's
hard
to
get
statistics
on
latchkey
children.
Most
parents
are
unwilling
to
admit
they
leave
their
children
alone.
指史密斯夫妇,
表示某一家人或夫妇时,
用“the+姓氏复数”。
The
45.
(2019山东威海)
These
inscriptions
(甲骨文)
provide
records
of
divination
(占卜)
and
prayers
to
gods
from
people
in
_____
late
Shang
Dynasty.
因“商朝”是由普通名词
(dynasty)
构成的专有名词
(the
Shang
Dynasty),要用定冠词the。又如：the
Changjiang
River长江,
the
Forbidden
City紫禁城。
46.
(2018贵州遵义)
China
is
in
the
east
of
Asia…It
faces
_____
Pacific
Ocean.
由普通名词
(ocean海洋)
构成的专有名词
(the
Pacific
Ocean太平洋)
前一般加定冠词。
the
the
47.
(2019湖南益阳)
He
named
the
lake
after
William
Hillier,
an
explorer
who
had
previously
visited
Middle
Island.
In
1889,
Edward
Andrews
moved
to
_____
island
with
his
two
sons.
特指上文提到的Middle
Island应用定冠词the。
48.
(2020山西吕梁)
Beijing
embraces
second
snow
this
winter.
The
second
snowfall
of
Beijing
hit
the
capital
Sunday
evening…Flights
and
subway
lines,
as
well
as
bus
routes,
have
been
affected
when
______
snow
hit
the
capital.
特指上文提到的“那”场雪，用定冠词。
the
the
49.
(2020中山)
It
would
appear
that
_______
physical
act
of
smiling
makes
our
brain
think
we
are
happy—even
if
we
are
not
and
just
like
that…
由修饰语of
smiling可知，是特指“微笑的身体动作”，用定冠词the。
50.
(2019辽宁葫芦岛市)
These
are
called
polymorphic
robots.
“Polymorphic”
means
____
ability
to
take
different
forms.
有不定式to
take
different
forms修饰，可知是特指“变形”的能力，故用定冠词the。
the
the
51.
(2018河北承德)
Its
success
is
surprising
because
_____
main
character
in
the
series
is
a
shepherd,
and
the
series
is
about…
有in
the
series修饰，特指连续剧中的主角。
the
52.
(2018广东肇庆)
I
could
not
forget
____
year
when
this
city
faced
a
disaster.
受定语从句修饰，特指这座城市面临灾难的那一年。
the
Thank
you
!