(共46张PPT)
题
方
略
解
一个基本方法
完形填空中的每一道题的答案，在文中必有依据。因此，解答完形填空最基本的方法就是根据空格前后所提供的信息，结合常识进行适度的推理，作出符合逻辑的判断，从而选出正确的答案。可归纳为：完形每题必有据，上下求索找信息。
有的空格的答案信息点在空格前，有的在空格后，有的在前文和后文都有出现，需要综合起来考虑或起相互印证的效果。如：
1.
根据上文信息
(2020新高考Ⅱ卷)
He
kicked
the
door
wide
open,
finding
a
frightened
woman
in
a
wheelchair
with
a
little
boy
and
a
tiny
baby…Clutching
(抓牢)
the
baby
to
his
chest
and
dragging
the
boy
alongside,
Grant
ran
down
the
hallway.
When
he
was
safely
outside,
the
only
help
in
sight
was
a
policeman.
Grant
told
him
about
the
__54__
and
they
rushed
into
the
smoky
building.
54.
A.
woman
B.
door
C.
car
D.
baby
A
解析：由上文可知，Grant把门踢开了，发现一位坐在轮椅上的受惊的女士、一个小男孩以及一个小婴儿，Grant只救出了小男孩和婴儿，Grant把还有一位女士在房间的信息告诉警察，他们冲进了烟雾弥漫的大楼。故选A项。
2.
根据下文信息
(2020新高考Ⅰ卷)
When
he
was
16,
Molai
began
to
notice
something
__23__
happening
around
his
home.
A
flood
had
hit
the
area
earlier
that
year
and
the
damage
it
caused
had
driven
away
a
number
of
birds.
23.
A.
precious
B.
interesting
C.
disturbing
D.
awkward
解析:
根据后文“A
flood
had
hit
the
area
earlier
that
year
and
the
damage
it
caused
had
driven
away
a
number
of
birds.”可知，莫莱注意到他家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。故选C项。
C
3.
根据上下文信息
(2020全国Ⅰ卷)
Since
our
twins
began
learning
to
walk,
my
wife
and
I
have
kept
telling
them
that
our
sliding
glass
door
is
just
a
window.
The__41__is
obvious.
If
we
admit
it
is
a
door,
they’ll
want
to
go
outside…
41.
A.
relief
B.
target
C.
reason
D.
case
解析：由上文的“telling
them
that
our
sliding
glass
door
is
just
a
window”和下文的
“they’ll
want
to
go
outside”
可知,
“我们”之所以对孩子们撒谎说滑动玻璃门是窗户,
是因为不想让孩子们总想着出去玩。故根据语境可推知,
此处应表示“理由(reason)”很明显。故选C项。
C
虽然绝大多数题只需根据空格所在句的前后信息或空格前后句提供的信息就可以选出正确答案，但有些题的答案信息，可能出现在与空格相差几句之遥，甚至在下一段或更远处。如：
注意：
(2020全国Ⅰ卷)
I
wonder
if
parents
should
always
tell
the
truth
no
matter
the
consequences.
I
have
a
very
strong
__51__that
the
lie
we’re
telling
is
doing
damage
to
our
children…
Maybe
it’s
an
unreasonable
fear.
But
the
bottom
line
is
that
I
shouldn’t
lie
to
my
kids.
51.
A.
demand
B.
fear
C.
desire
D.
doubt
解析：第51题,
不但根据本句选不出答案,
即使根
据上下文,
甚至根据整一段也无法解题,
直到相隔5
句话之后的下一段中的
“Maybe
it's
an
unreasonable
fear.”才知道,
此处应表示,
“我”因对孩子撒谎,
内心
产生了强烈的担忧和恐惧。故选B项。
B
1.
通读全文，理解大意。重视首句和首尾段信息，以及汉语注释，用略读法(skimming)把握文章大意。
四个解题步骤
2.
根据语境，初选答案。在把握文章主旨，理解句、段间内在联系的基础上，选出能使补全后短文语义通顺、前后连贯、结构完整的选项。解题过程中，应遵循先易后难的原则，先选出那些自己有把握的选项，并将所选词速写在空格处。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许根据上文信息或空格后一两句都难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.
复读全文，解决难题。借助已经补全
的空格,
我们对全文有了更清楚的理解,
可
以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.
利用规律，不留空格。高考中正确选项A、
B、
C、
D的个数是均等或基本均等的，即每个选项5个。我们在做好有把握的题后，哪个字母的选项最少，就选哪个字母，决不留空。
1.
背景常识
将相关信息和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识，以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理；逻辑推理离不开背景常识。如：
八个微技能
(2020新高考Ⅰ卷)
The
solution,
of
course,
was
to
plant
trees…He
turned
to
the
__29__
department
for
help
but
was
told
that
nothing
would
grow
there.
29.
A.
labor
B.
police
C.
forest
D.
finance
解析：根据设空处后的“nothing
would
grow
there”及常识可知，莫莱(He)想要种树，因此向某部门寻求帮助，但对方答复他那里无法生长任何东西，由此推断他求助的应是负责管理森林的部门。forest意为“森林”，符合语境，故选C项。
C
2.
词语复现
词语复现是指某一个词以原词，或同义词(如decide与determine)、同源词(如ill与illness)、上下义词(如flower与rose)、反义词(如wrong与right)等方式在同一语篇中重复出现的现象。词语复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段，我们可以借助这一衔接手段解答完形填空题。
复
现
信
息
依据
概念：某一词以原词、同(近)义词、
反义词或同源词的形式在同一语篇
重复出现
点拨
对比上下文与选项看是否有词汇复现
明确五种复现形式
“瞻前顾后”
找规律
形式：原词复现、同(近)义词复现、
反义词复现和同源词同现、代词复现
(1)
原词复现
(2020全国Ⅰ卷)
One
day
they’ll
wake
up
and
discover
that
everything
they’ve
always
known
about
windows
is
a
__48__.
…I
have
a
very
strong
fear
that
the
lie
we’re
telling
is
doing
damage
to
our
children.
48.
A.
dream
B.
lie
C.
fantasy
D.
fact
解析：由下文的
“the
lie
we’re
telling”
可知,
总
有一天他们会发现自己所了解的关于窗户的事
情是一个“谎言(lie)”，本题属于原词复现。故选B项。
B
(2)同/近义复现
(2020全国Ⅱ卷)It
was
signed
(签名)
“Bonnato”
or
so
he
thought,
but
when
he
researched
it,
he
only
found
“Bonnard,”
a
French
painter
he
had
never
heard
of…
“That’s
the
garden
in
our
picture,”
Nicolo’s
son
told
his
father.
They
eventually
learned
that
the
painting
was
called
“The
Girl
with
Two
Chairs.”
They
__57__
the
other
painting
and
learned
that
it
was
actually
Paul
Gauguin’s
“Still
Life
of
Fruit
on
a
Table
with
a
Small
Dog.”
57.
A.
collected
B.
cleaned
C.
framed
D.
studied
得知这幅画也是名作
D
近义词复现
解析：由前文中的“he
researched
it”及
“learned
that
it
was
actually
Paul
Gauguin’s…”，他们“研究(studied)”
了另外一幅画，得知这幅画也是名作。research与study为近义词复现。故选D项。
(3)
同源词复现
(2010大纲Ⅱ卷)
It
can
set
up
a
warm
conversation
between
two
people
far
apart;
it
can
keep
a
_22_with
very
little
effort…And
with
that
one
letter
we
became
friends
again.
22.
A.
record
B.
promise
C.
friendship
D.
secret
解析：由下文的“became
friends(成为朋友)”可知，写信可以毫不费力地保持“友谊(friendship)”，friend和friendship是同源词复现。故选C项。
同源词复现
C
(2020新高考Ⅰ卷)
The
village
lay
near
some
wetlands
which
became
his
second
home.
He
learned
the
value
and
beauty
of
__22__
there
from
a
very
young
age.
22.
A.
nature
B.
youth
C.
culture
D.
knowledge
下义词(具体)
上义词(概括)
青春
文化
知识
A
(4)
上下义复现
解析：根据语境可知，设空处后的there指前文所提到的wetlands，由此推断他从小在那里了解到大自然的价值和美丽。故选A。其中，wetlands是下义词(具体)，nature是上义词(概括)。青春(youth)、文化(culture)、知识(knowledge)不合语境。
3.
词语同现
某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中有同
时出现的倾向性，叫词语同现。也有人将
相关联的一群词称之为“词场”。同现词之间有反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等。如ill、hospital、doctor、nurse、operation、medicine、patient等一群相互关联的词语就有同时出现在一个语篇中的可能性。如：
(2020全国Ⅰ卷)
Since
our
twins
began
learning
to
walk,
my
wife
and
I
have
kept
telling
them
that
our
sliding
glass
door
is
just
a
window.
I
wonder
if
__49__
should
always
tell
the
truth
no
matter
the
consequences.
I
have
a
very
strong
fear
that
the
lie
we’re
telling
is
doing
damage
to
our
children.
49.
A.
parents
B.
twins
C.
colleagues
D.
teachers
解析：最有可能与
“our
twins”
“my
wife
and
I”
“our
children”
等同现的应当是
“父母(parents)”。
此处指“我”想知道父母是否应总是告诉孩子真相。
A
4.
逻辑关系
根据句、段间内在的逻辑关系来推断正确答案。常见的逻辑关系有因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、递进关系、让步关系、并列关系、条件与结果的关系等。如：
(1)
因果关系
(2020全国Ⅱ卷)
“Nicolo,”
whose
real
name
cannot
be
__41__
to
the
public
because
of
Italy’s
privacy
laws,
finished
working
the
whole
night
at
a
factory
in
Turin.
解析：根据设空处后的
“because
of
Italy’s
privacy
laws”
可知，由于意大利隐私法，人们的真名不能
在公众场合下被
“暴露(expose)”
出来。attach意为“把……附在(……上)”；allocate意为“分配”；submit意为“呈送；提交”。
41.
A.
attached
B.
allocated
C.
exposed
D.
submitted
C
(2)
转折关系
(2020全国Ⅰ卷)
Since
our
twins
began
learning
to
walk,
my
wife
and
I
have
kept
telling
them
that
our
sliding
glass
door
is
just
a
window…
The
kids
apparently
know
the__44__.
But
our
insisting
it’s
merely
a
window
has
kept
them
from
attempting
millions
of
requests
to
open
the
door.
44.
A.
result
B.
danger
C.
method
D.
truth
解析：由But可知前后句为转折关系。由
“our
insisting
it’s
merely
a
window”
可推知，此处应
指孩子们显然知道
“真相(truth)”，但是“我们”
还一直坚称那只是一扇窗户。
前后句为转折关系
D
(3)对比关系
(2017全国Ⅰ卷)I
soon
realized
that
the
silence
was
not
unpleasant.
__58__,
if
there
had
been
any
talking,
it
would
have
caused
us
to
learn
less.
58.
A.
Lastly
B.
Thus
C.
Instead
D.
However
解析：上一句“I
soon
realized
that
the
silence
was
not
unpleasant.”与“if
there
had
been
any
talking,
it
would
have
caused
us
to
learn
less”形成对比，句意：恰恰“相反(Instead)”，如果交流中有讲话(即有声语言)的参与，这势必让我们少学习一些手语。故选C项。
前后形成对比
C
(4)
递进关系
(2020全国Ⅲ卷)
If
you
do,
you
won’t
be
able
to
handle
it
and
the
whole
thing
develops
into
an
unpleasant
scene
and
that
__60__
everyone’s
day.
60.
A.
ruins
B.
makes
C.
starts
D.
saves
解析：由空前的
“the
whole
thing
develops
into
an
unpleasant
scene”可推知，此处表示整件事演变成
不愉快的事件，进而毁了大家一天的心情。ruin意
为“毁坏，毁掉”，符合语境。与上文内容构成了递进关系。
A
(5)
让步关系
(2017全国Ⅱ卷)
I
told
the
story
to
the
class.
As
sad
as
it
was,
I
couldn’t
help
smiling.
Although
Freddy
was
taken
from
us,
we
all
__60__
something
from
Freddy.
60.
A.
chose
B.
took
C.
expected
D.
borrowed
解析：根据空格前的was
taken可知,
此处也应用“take
(拿)”,
表示“尽管弗雷德从我们身边被带走了,
但我们都从弗雷德身上得到了一些东西”。前后为让步关系，故选B项。
让步关系
B
5.
语法知识
仅涉及到连词、人称代词和限定词等语法知识，以及代词的用法。
(2016全国Ⅰ卷)
Larry
…
Suddenly,
he
saw
a
car
with
its
bright
lights
on.__43__he
got
closer,
he
found
another
vehicle
upside
down
on
the
road…
The
man
who
had
his
bright
lights
on
…and
told
Larry…
43.
A.
Since
B.
Although
C.
As
D.
If
代入
C
解析：将Since
(自从)或Although
(尽管)代入句
中，意义不通；If
(如果)是假设，而这是事实；
将As
(当……时)代入，“当他走得更近时，他发
现了……”意义通顺，前后连贯，故选C项。
(1)
从句连词
(2)
并列连词
(2016全国Ⅰ卷)
They
told
her
to
stay
still
until
the
emergency
personnel
arrived,
__53__
she
thought
the
car
was
going
to
explode…
53.
A.
for
B.
so
C.
and
D.
but
解析:
因“叫她待着不动等急救员来”
与
“她以为车就要爆炸”
之间是转折关系，故填表示“但是”的but，意义才通顺。故选D项。
转折关系
D
(2020新高考Ⅰ卷)
A
flood
had
hit
the
area
earlier
that
year
and
the
damage
it
caused
had
driven
away
a
number
of
birds.
__25__,
the
number
of
snakes
had
declined
as
well.
25.
A.
Besides
B.
However
C.
Therefore
D.
Otherwise
解析：前文提到了洪水带来的破坏之一是许多鸟儿被赶走了，设空处后谈到洪水带来的另一个破坏——蛇的数量减少。besides意为“此外”，表示并列的顺承关系，符合语境。故选A。
C
(3)
副词
顺承
(2016全国Ⅲ卷)
When
we
were
finally
safe
on
the
other
side,
he
said
to
me,
“You
know,
I
didn’t
tell
you
this
during
the
season,
but
you
did
fine.
Thank
you
for
filling
in
for__56__.”
56.
A.
us
B.
yourself
C.
me
D.
them
解析：由上文可知，作者取代了米勒，米勒应是说“谢谢你取代了我(me)”，故选C项。
C
(4)
人称代词
(5)
限定词
(2020全国Ⅲ卷)
She
had
split
up
with
her
husband
the
week
before,
was
living
in
a
flat
by
herself,
and
since
she’d
found
it
too
much
to
cope
with
(应对),
she’d
taken
it
out
on__53__people.
53.
A.
rude
B.
such
C.
other
D.
lonely
解析：由空前的
“she’d
found
it
too
much
to
cope
with”
并结合选项和常识可推知，这位顾客觉得自己难以独自应对一切，
所以拿其他人来撒气，
故other符合语境。
C
(6)
代词的用法
解析：由下句“They
let
him
and
the
other
man
go.”
的主语They可知，Larry问的对象是“复数”，只有选项B的the
police才有复数的含义，故选B
项。
(2016全国Ⅰ卷)
Then,
Larry
asked
the__57__
if
he
was
needed
or
free
to
go.
They
let
him
and
the
other
man
go.
57.
A.
woman
B.
police
C.
man
D.
driver
复数
B
6.
习惯搭配
主要指动词与介词的搭配、动宾搭配及句式搭配等。它们能否搭配，除涉及词语的用法外，还需结合常识来判断。如：
(2019全国Ⅰ卷)
The
best
of
a
Kilimanjaro
experience,
in
my
opinion,
isn’t
reaching
the
top.
Mountains
are__51__as
spiritual
places
by
many
cultures.
51.
A.
studied
B.
observed
C.
explored
D.
regarded
解析：山被许多文化视为(regarded)精神场所。
be
regarded
as意为“被视为……”，符合语境，
故选D项。
D
7.
情感态度
积累表示人物情感的相关词汇
情
感
态
度
依据
点拨
在记叙事件时，作者字里行间透露自己的情感
判断作者及文中人物的情感
关注故事转折点及相关人物情绪变化
(2020全国Ⅱ卷)
His
son
thought
that
there
was
something
unusual
about
the
painting
with
a
young
girl
sitting
on
a
garden
chair.
It
was
signed
(签名)
“Bonnato”
or
so
he
thought,
but
when
he
researched
it,
he
only
found
“Bonnard,”
a
French
painter
he
had
never
heard
of.
He
bought
a
book
and
was__53__
to
find
a
picture
of
the
artist
Pierre
Bonnard
sitting
on
the
same
chair
in
the
same
garden
as
his
father’s
painting.
53.
A.
expected
B.
surprised
C.
anxious
D.
ready
B
解析：由
“something
unusual”
“artist
Pierre
Bonnard
sitting
on
the
same
chair
in
the
same
garden”可知，儿子发现艺术家勃纳尔和父亲
的画中的女孩是坐在同一个花园里的同一把
椅子上，因此“感到惊讶(surprised)”。
8.
上下语境
积累常见的熟词生义(本书P10)
结合生活常识或利用排除法
熟词生义
依据
点拨
考查单词(短语)的语境含义
结合上下文语境进行推断
(2020全国Ⅱ卷)
His
son,
age
15,
who
had__49__an
art
appreciation
class,
thought
that
there
was
something
unusual
about
the
painting
with
a
young
girl
sitting
on
a
garden
chair.
49.
A.
missed
B.
failed
C.
taken
D.
led
解析：由设空处后的“an
art
appreciation
class”
可知，此处是指尼科洛的儿子修了一门艺术鉴赏课。take常见含义为“拿走；花费”；此处语境意为“学习；读；修”。
C
因果
转折
对比
递进
让步
基本方法
根据上文信息
根据下文信息
根据上下文信息
微技能
背景常识
词语复现
原词复现
同/近义复现
同源词复现
上下义复现
词语同现(语义相关联的词)
习惯搭配(动介、动宾、句式)
逻辑关系
解题思路
略读跳读抓大意，围绕主旨去做题。
上下求索找信息，复现同现和逻辑。
若有个别是难题，就用均等这规律。
THANK
YOU!(共40张PPT)
点
破
解
考
除
“一个基本方法”
外,
上述
“八个
微技能”
对解答完形填空非常管用。请
用这些方法和微技能解答以下高考真题。
一个基本方法
1.
(2020全国Ⅱ卷·56)
Nicolo
and
another
bidder
battled
until
Nicolo
finally
won
the
paintings
for
＄32…
“That’s
the
garden
in
our
picture,”
Nicolo’s
son
told
his
father.
They
eventually
learned
that
the
painting
they
______
was
called
“The
Girl
with
Two
Chairs.”
A.
owned
B.
borrowed
C.
sold
D.
stole
A
A
上文信息。由上文的“Nicolo
finally
won
the
paintings
for
＄32”可知，这幅画是尼科洛竞拍获得的，故此处指他们“拥有(owned)”的这幅画。故选A项。
2.
(2020新高考Ⅰ卷·33)
Molai
built
at
the
_____
of
each
sapling
(幼树)
a
bamboo
platform,
where
he
placed
earthen
pots
with
small
holes
to
collect
rainwater.
The
water
would
then
drip
(滴落)
on
the
plants
below.
A.
back
B.
top
C.
foot
D.
side
B
下文信息。根据后文“The
water
would
then
drip
on
the
plants
below.”可推断，莫莱是在每棵幼树的“顶部(top)”建了一个竹子的平台，在那里放一些有小孔的陶罐收集雨水，雨水会顺着陶罐上的小孔滴落到树苗上，故选B。
B
3.
(2020全国Ⅱ卷·47)
When
Nicolo
retired
and
went
to
live
in
Sicily,
he
______
the
paintings
with
him.
He
hung
them
above
the
same
table
he
had
moved
from
Turin.
A.
held
B.
left
C.
registered
D.
brought
D
由空处前的
“When
Nicolo
retired
and
went
to
live
in
Sicily”及下文的“he
had
moved
from
Turin”可知，尼科洛之前住在都灵，他把在都灵居住时拍卖获得的画“带到(brought)”了西西里岛。
D
4.
(2019全国Ⅱ卷·45)
Back
home,
Ehlers
was
troubled
by
that
______
dog.
So,
four
days
later,
he
called
his
friend
Greg,
and
the
two
drove
back…
A
local
farmer
told
them
the
dog
sounded
like
one
advertised
as
lost
in
the
local
paper.
A.
injured
B.
stolen
C.
lost
D.
rescued
C
本题不但根据本句选不出答案，即使根据上下句，甚至整段也无法解题，直到相隔6句话之后的下一段中的“…like
one
advertised
as
lost
in
the
local
paper”才知道，这是一只走失的(lost)狗，故选C项。
C
八个微技能
1.
背景常识
5.
(2020新高考Ⅱ卷·41)
When
Jim
Grant
spotted
black
smoke
coming
out
of
a
building
on
his
way
to
work,
he
______
his
car
to
call
911.
A.
drove
B.
stopped
C.
reached
D.
abandoned
B
结合常识可知，看到黑烟从建筑物中冒出来时，应是先把车“停下(stopped)”再拨打911。
C
6.
(2020全国Ⅰ卷·52)
I
wonder
if
parents
should
always
tell
the
truth
no
matter
the
consequences.
I
have
a
very
strong
fear
that
the
lie
we’re
telling
is
doing
______
damage
to
our
children.
A.
physical
B.
biological
C.
spiritual
D.
behavioral
C
结合常识可知，父母撒谎会给孩子带来
“精
神上的(spiritual)”伤害。physical意为“身体的”;
biological意为“生物的”;
behavioral意为“行为的”。
C
7.
(2019全国Ⅰ卷·43)
The
crowds
might
damage
the
beauty
of
the
place.
The
glaciers
(冰川)
are
disappearing,
changing
the
______
of
Kilimanjaro.
A.
position
B.
age
C.
face
D.
name
C
由前文的“The
glaciers
(冰川)
are
disappearing”可知，冰川正在消失；结合常识可知，冰川是乞力马扎罗山地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变乞力马扎罗山的地貌(face)，故选C项。
C
8.
(2018年全国Ⅲ卷·41)
When
most
of
us
get
a
text
message
on
our
cell
phone
from
an
unknown
person,
we
usually
say
“Sorry,
______
number!”
and
move
on.
A.
unlucky
B.
secret
C.
new
D.
wrong
D
根据常识，收到不认识的人的手机短信时，我们通常都会说“抱歉，发错了”。unlucky不
幸的;
secret秘密的;
new新的；wrong错误的。
D
2.
词语复现
9.
(2020全国Ⅱ卷·54)
His
son,
age
15,
who
had
taken
an
art
appreciation
class,
thought
that
there
was
something
unusual
about
the
painting
with
a
young
girl
siting
on
a
garden
chair…He
bought
a
book
and
was
surprised
to
find
a
picture
of
the
artist
Pierre
Bonnard
siting
on
the
same
chair
in
the
same
______
as
his
father’s
painting.
A.
room
B.
kitchen
C.
hall
D.
garden
D
原词复现。由前文中的“with
a
young
girl
sitting
on
a
garden
chair”可知，此处指儿子发现这幅画中的勃纳尔和父亲的画中的女孩是坐在同一个花园里的同一把椅子上。
D
10.
(2020全国Ⅲ卷·41)As
a
businesswoman,
I
care
deeply
about
my
customers.
But
like
anyone
for
whom
you
feel
affection,
______
can
also
drive
you
mad.
A.
shopkeepers
B.
customers
C.
salespersons
D.
receptionists
B
原词复现。由前文
“I
care
deeply
about
my
customers”可知“我”很关心顾客，但是
也有些顾客会让自己抓狂。故选B。
B
11.
(2018年全国Ⅲ卷·56)
Teresa
______
a
photo
of
the
chance
meeting
on
a
social
networking
website…The
post
has
since
gained
the
attention
of
social
media
users
all
over
the
world…
A.
found
B.
selected
C.
developed
D.
posted
D
原词复现。根据下文“The
post
has
since
gained
the
attention…”可知答案选D项。句意：特雷莎上
传了一张意外碰面的照片到社交网站上。
D
12.
(2018年全国Ⅲ卷·54)
Much
to
the
family’s
surprise,
Dennis
stuck
to
his
promise!
…
Lindsey’s
husband
was
totally
______
by
the
unexpected
visit.
A.
discouraged
B.
relaxed
C.
astonished
D.
defeated
C
同义复现。句意：Lindsey的丈夫对这突然的拜访感到非常“惊讶”。根据上文的“Much
to
the
family’s
surprise”可知，此空所填词应是surprise
的近义词，选C
(astonished
“吃惊的”)，符合语境。discouraged泄气的；relaxed放松的；
defeated被打败了的。
C
13.
(2017全国Ⅰ卷·55)
After
that,
feeling
the
need
to
explore
further,
I
decided
to
drop
in
on
one
of
ASL
club’s
meetings.
I
only
learned
how
to
sign
the
alphabet
that
day.
Yet
instead
of
being
discouraged
by
my
slow
progress,
I
was
excited.
I
then
made
it
a
point
to
______
those
meetings
and
learn
all
I
could.
A.chair
B.sponsor
C.attend
D.organize
C
近义复现。句意:
然后我决定去参加
(attend)美式手语俱乐部的会议,
尽可能多地学习手语技能。根据上文的
“drop
in
on
one
of
ASL
club's
meetings”
可知,
此空所填词应该是drop
in
on的近义词,
选C(attend)。注：make
it
a
point把……作为努力的目标。
C
14.
(2016全国Ⅱ卷·39)
Sitting
back
in
the
car
on
the
way
to
the
airport,
I
figured
it
all
out.
Rani’s
______—her
warm
smile,
her
nods,
her
“I’m
here
for
you”
attitude…
A.
forgiveness
B.
eagerness
C.
friendliness
D.
skillfulness
C
“她温暖的微笑、她的点头、她的‘我在这里为你服务’的态度”等表明瑞妮很“友好(friendliness)”，故选C项。其中smile、nod等是下义词(具体行为)，friendliness是上义词(概括)。forgiveness(宽恕)、eagerness
(急切)、skillfulness(熟练)不合语境。
C
15.
(2015全国Ⅱ卷·44)
I
had
the
chance
of
seeing
this
first
hand
on
a
______.
This
led
to
some
painful
experiences
on
Saturday…
A.
trip
B.
holiday
C.
weekend
D.
square
C
上下义复现。由下文的Saturday可知，此处
指“weekend(周末)”。其中weekend是上义词,
而Saturday是下义词。
C
3.
词语同现
16.
(2020全国Ⅱ卷·52)
His
son
thought
that
there
was
something
unusual
about
the
painting.
It
was
signed
(签名)
“Bonnato”
or
so
he
thought,
but
when
he
researched
it,
he
only
found
“Bonnard,”
a
French
______
he
had
never
heard
of.
He
bought
a
book
and
was
surprised
to
find
a
picture
of
the
artist
Pierre
Bonnard
sitting
on
the
same
chair
in
the
same
garden
as
his
father’s
painting.
A.
painter
B.
designer
C.
author
D.
actor
A
A
最有可能与“painting”及“a
picture
of
the
artist”同现的应当是“画家”，而不是“设计师”“作家”“演员”。此处是指儿子在研究这幅画，在这幅画上找到了一位他从未听说过的法国画家“Bonnard”的签名。
17.
(2020全国Ⅲ卷·45)
But
like
anyone
for
whom
you
feel
affection,
customers
can
also
drive
you
mad…
They’ll
have
out
half
the
______
in
the
shop,
and
want
the
only
style
you
don’t
have
left
in
a
particular
colour.
A.
foods
B.
catalogues
C.
belongings
D.
goods
D
最有可能与“customers”
“shop”
“style”
“colour”同现的应当是“商品(goods)”，而不是
“食物(foods)”
“目录(catalogues)”“财产(belongings)”。此处是指顾客们让店员拿出店里一半的商品给他们看,
但是却只想要店里没有剩余的那一款特定颜色的商品。
D
18.
(2019全国Ⅰ卷·53)
Mountains
are
regarded
as
spiritual
places
by
many
cultures.
This
view
is
especially
evident
on
Kilimanjaro
as
______
go
through
five
ecosystems
(生态系统)
in
the
space
of
a
few
kilometers.
A.
scientists
B.
climbers
C.
locals
D.
officials
B
最有可能与mountains同现的应当是
“登山者(climbers)”，而不是
“科学家(scientists)”
“当地
人(locals)”“官员(officials)”。故选B项。句意:
在乞力马扎罗,
登山者(climbers)在几公里的空间里穿越五种生态系统。
B
19.
(2018年全国Ⅰ卷·54)
I
managed
to
get
an
A
in
that
course
and
learned
life
lessons
that
have
served
me
well
beyond
the
______.
A.
criterion
B.
classroom
C.
department
D.
situation
B
与course最有可能同现的应是“教室(classroom)”，而不是“标准，尺度(criterion)”“部门(department)”
“位置,
地点(situation)”。此处是指作者学到了超越“课堂(classroom)”本身的生活经验。
B
20.
(2011全国Ⅰ卷·40)
After
listening
to
shouts
of
wildly
wrong
guesses
the
professor
smiled
a
thin,
dry
smile,
announced
the
______
answer…
A.
ready
B.
possible
C.
correct
D.
difficult
C
反义同现。和“wrong
(错误的)”对应的是“correct(正确的)”。
C
4.
逻辑关系
21.
(2017全国Ⅱ卷·43)
In
1973,
I
was
teaching
elementary
school.
Each
day,
27
kids
entered
“The
Thinking
Laboratory”.
That
was
the
name
students
voted
for
after
deciding
that
“Room
104”
was
too
______.
A.
small
B.
dark
C.
strange
D.
dull
D
因果关系。学生认为“Room
104”教室太dull
(无聊，没有乐趣)，所以把教室的名字叫做“思想实验室”。前后为因果关系，故选D项。
D
22.
(2020全国Ⅲ卷·47)
As
a
businesswoman,
I
care
deeply
about
my
customers.
But
like
anyone
for
whom
you
feel
affection,
customers
can
also
drive
you
mad…
I
do
know
how
upset
the
shop
staff
can
get,
but
I
try
to
persuade
them
to
keep
______.
A.
fighting
B.
smiling
C.
waiting
D.
changing
B
转折关系。由空前的“how
upset
the
shop
staff”
和表转折的连词but可知，此处应指作者知道店员
们遇到这种情况会有多沮丧,
但是作者努力说服店员们保持“微笑(smiling)”。
B
23.
(2017全国Ⅲ卷·51)
…and
received
thousands
of
e-mails,
including
thirty
from
actual
Elizabeth
Gallaghers
with
the
right
passports.
“More
______,
there
are
hundreds
of
Canadians
who
are
interested
in
writing
their
name
to
Elizabeth
Gallagher,”
Axani
said…
A.
interesting
B.
annoying
C.
satisfying
D.
convincing
A
递进关系。空格后的内容提到,
很多加拿大人为
了拿到机票,
竟然想把名字改为Elizabeth
Gallagher，Axani觉得这更“有意思(interesting)”。与上文的内容构成递进关系。故选A项。
A
24.
(2016全国Ⅲ卷·55)
That
season,
I
broke
all
of
Miller’s
records…We
went
10-1
and
I
was
named
most
valuable
player…
…he
said
to
me,
“You
know,
I
didn’t
tell
you
this
during
the
season,
but
you
did
______.
Thank
you
for
filling
in
for…
A.
fine
B.
wrong
C.
quickly
D.
normally
A
因果关系。因为“做得好(did
fine)”所以才“thank
you”，
故选A。wrong(错误地)、quickly(迅速地)和normally(平常地)与语境不符。
A
25.
(2018年全国Ⅰ卷·43)
And,
even
if
I
weren’t
______
enough
about
free
credits,
news
about
our
instructor
was
appealing
enough
to
me.
A.
excited
B.
worried
C.
moved
D.
tired
A
让步关系。根据was
appealing可知，即便“我”对免费学分没那么“兴奋
(excited)”，但关于指导老师的消息也足够吸引“我”。
前后为让步关系，故选A项。worried担心的，焦虑的；moved感动的；tired疲惫的，累的。
A
26.
(2012大纲Ⅰ卷·40)Indeed,
what
is
called
body
language
is
so
______
a
part
of
us
that
it’s
actually
often
unnoticed.
A.
well
B.
far
C.
much
D.
long
C
程度与结果关系。由so…that…句型可知,
肢
体语言占据我们生活交流中的
“很大(much)”
一
部分，以至于我们都经常不会去注意它。
C
27.
(2012
大
纲Ⅰ卷
·
44)
Northern
Europeans
usually
do
not
like
having
bodily
contact
(接
触)
even
with
friends,
certainly
not
with
______.
A.
strangers
B.
relatives
C.
neighbours
D.
enemies
C
解释关系。冒号表示解释说明,
由
“arguments
and
quarrels(争吵)”
可知，我们的见面是不“愉快
的(pleasant)”。
C
28.
(2010大纲Ⅱ卷
·
26)
Our
meetings
were
not
______:
our
conversation
was
filled
with
arguments
and
quarrels.
A.
normal
B.
necessary
C.
pleasant
D.
possible
C
从句连词。叫她不要动,
“以防万一(in
case)”
弄伤颈部。
C
5.
语法知识
29.
(2016全国Ⅰ卷·55)
Larry
told
her
that
he
had
already
put
out
the
fire
and
she
should
not
move
______
she
injured
her
neck.
A.
as
if
B.
unless
C.
in
case
D.
after
C
并列连词。因
“被命名为最有价值的运动
员”与“常常做噩梦,
在梦中被责备”是转折关
系，应填“but
(但是)”，故选C项。
C
30.
(2016全国Ⅲ卷·48)We
went
10-1
and
I
was
named
most
valuable
player,
______
I
often
had
crazy
dreams
in
which
I
was
to
blame…
A.
and
B.
then
C.
but
D.
thus
C
并列连词。因“被命名为最有价值的运动员”与“常常做噩梦，在梦中被责备”是转折关系，应填“but
(但是)”，故选C项。
C
6.
习惯搭配
31.
(2018年全国Ⅱ卷·52)
He
was
unconscious
and
as
I
looked
at
his
face,
something
______
to
me.
Those
brown
eyes
were
very
familiar.
“What’s
his
name?”
I
asked
the
instructor.
A.
happened
B.
occurred
C.
applied
D.
appealed
B
作者看了看这个年轻人的面孔，接着问起了他
的名字,
因此可推测此时作者应是想起了什么。sth
occurred
to
sb
意为“某人突然想起某事”，故选B项。happen
to碰巧;
apply
to适用于;
appeal
to吸引;
呼吁。
B
32.
(2016年全国Ⅱ卷·44)
Everything
they
know
about
you
______
through
this
device
sometimes
from
hundreds
of
miles
away.
A.
came
B.
moved
C.
ran
D.
developed
A
他们对你的了解全部通过这台装置,
有时是来自数百英里之外。表示
“来自”是come
from。move(移动)、run(跑)、develop(发展)与语境不符。故选A项。
A
33.
(2010大纲Ⅰ卷·54)
The
happiest
people
don’t
necessarily
have
the
best
of
everything;
they
just
______
the
best
of
everything
they
have.
A.
learn
B.
make
C.
favor
D.
try
B
因“make
the
best
of
(充分利用)”是固定短语。
B
7.
情感态度
34.
(2020全国Ⅲ卷·50)
She
was
displeased
with
absolutely
everything,
nothing
was
right
and
I
was
rather
______
that
she
became
a
“regular”.
A.
relaxed
B.
delighted
C.
surprised
D.
embarrassed
C
由空前的
“She
was
displeased
with
absolutely
everything,
nothing
was
right”可知，这位顾客对
一切都不满意,
觉得什么都不对;
结合空后的
“she
became
a
‘regular’
”可知，她后来居然成了一位常
客。这样一位难打交道的顾客能成为常客,
作者应
是对此“感到吃惊(surprised)”。
C
8.
上下语境
35.
(2020全国Ⅲ卷·48)
I
remember
the
first
really
______
customer
we
had
at
Covent
Garden.
She
was
displeased
with
absolutely
everything,
nothing
was
right…
A.
generous
B.
polite
C.
careless
D.
difficult
D
由后文的“displeased
with
absolutely
everything,
nothing
was
right”可知，这位顾客很难打交道，故此处描述的应是作者记得自己遇到的第一位难打交道的顾客。difficult常见含义是“困难的”，此处语境的含义为“难以讨好的；难以取悦的”。
D
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