考点四
|
动词的时态和语态
[时态]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)When
he
asked
the
villagers
on
the
banks
of
the
river
where
he
could
find
the
legendary
(传奇的)
artist,
they
smiled
and
________
(point)
down
the
river.
答案：pointed 句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指向河的下游。根据上文they
smiled
and可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The
unmanned
Chang'e?4
probe
(探测器)—the
name
was
inspired
by
an
ancient
Chinese
moon
goddess
________
(touch)
down
last
week
in
the
South
Pole?Aitken
basin.
答案：touched 句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。根据时间状语last
week可知，应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)“This
really
excites
scientists，”
Carle
Pieters,
a
scientist
at
Brown
University,
says,
“because
it
________
(mean)
we
have
the
chance
to
obtain
information
about
how
the
moon
is
constructed.”
答案：means 句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家卡尔·佩特斯说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息”。根据上文“This
really
excites
scientists”
可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以设空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
4．(2020·浙江高考)Something
significant
________
(happen)
to
the
world
population—it
is
aging.
答案：is
happening 句意：世界人口正在发生一些重大的事情——老龄化。强调正在发生的事情，因此填is
happening。
5．(2020·浙江高考)I
never
knew
anyone
who
________
(grow)
up
in
Jackson
without
being
afraid
of
Mrs
Calloway,
our
librarian.
答案：had
grown 根据主句中的knew，以及grow发生在knew之前可知，从句使用过去完成时，故填had
grown。
6．(2020·天津高考)I
am
a
great
swimmer.
It's
because
I
________
(practice)
a
lot
these
days.
答案：have
been
practising 根据时间状语these
days可知，该句应用现在完成进行时。故填have
been
practising。
7．(2020·浙江高考)By
about
6,000
BC,
people
________
(discover)
the
best
crops
to
grow
and
animals
to
raise.
答案：had
discovered 句意：大约在公元前6,000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。by＋过去时间，意为“到……为止”，可知设空处用过去完成时。故填had
discovered。
8．(2020·浙江高考)And,
as
more
children
were
born，more
food
________
(need)．
答案：was
needed 句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。逻辑主语和need之间表示被动关系；同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。且food为不可数名词。故填was
needed。
9．(2020·山东高考)The
80,000
objects
collected
by
Sir
Hans
Sloane,
for
example,
________
(form)
the
core
collection
of
the
British
Museum
which
opened
in
1759.
答案：formed 句意：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in
1759可知，应用一般过去时。故填formed。
10．(2020·浙江高考)New
methods
________
(mean)
that
fewer
people
worked
in
farming.
答案：meant 句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。根据从句中的worked可知，此处也应为过去时，逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。故填meant。
11．(2020·苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查)More
attention
on
digital
books
________
(reflect)
a
rising
trend
in
the
industry
towards
what
many
are
calling
“digital
first”．
答案：reflects 句意：对电子书的更多关注反映出该行业正朝着许多人所说的“数字优先”的方向发展。本句反应的是一个事实，结合后面的are
calling可知，用一般现在时，故填reflects。
12．(2020·江苏省南京市南京师大附中第二学期检测)Mr
Smith
let
off
upon
me
the
speech
he
________
(die)
to
make
all
along.
答案：had
been
dying 句意：史密斯先生向我不断练习一个他一直就渴望做的演讲。结合主句中的let
off(过去时态)，而die
to这个动作是发生在let
off之前，应用过去完成进行时。be
dying
to
do
sth
“非常渴望做某事”。故填had
been
dying。
13．(天津市滨海新区高三居家专题讲座学习反馈检测试题)I
took
notes
during
the
meeting,
but
I
________
(have)
a
chance
to
write
them
into
a
report
so
far.
答案：haven't
had 句意：会议期间我做了笔记，但到目前为止我还没有机会把它们写进报告里。根据句中时间状语so
far可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故填haven't
had。
14．(2020·江苏省淮安市高三5月调研)I
was
about
to
give
up
halfway
when
my
teacher
________
(come)
to
encourage
me
to
carry
on.
答案：came 句意：正当我打算半途而废时，我的老师来到了我的身边给我鼓励，鼓励我继续前行，永不放弃。前半句was
about
to表示过去将来时，when后面从句也需要用一般过去时，故填came。
15．(2020·天津市部分区高三质量调查试卷)According
to
the
Ministry
of
Education,
college
________
(strengthen)
measures
to
control
the
quality
of
higher
education.
答案：will
strengthen 句意：根据教育部的安排，大学将采取更强有力的措施，来控制好高等教育的质量。根据句意可知，这是将来的计划，目的尚未达到，故填will
strengthen。
16．(2019·江苏省无锡市普通高中期终教学质量抽测)Taiwanese
actor
Godfrey
Gao
________
(film)
an
evening
variety
show
when
he
suddenly
collapsed,
which
saddened
thousands
of
his
fans.
答案：was
filming 句意：台湾演员Godfrey
Gao(高以翔)在拍摄晚间综艺节目时突然倒下，这让他的粉丝们很伤心。此处为sb
be
doing
sth
when结构，
由从句中使用一般过去时可知，主句用过去进行时，故填was
filming。
17．(2020·苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查)She
and
her
best
friend
felt
sad
when
they
heard
I
________
(leave)
for
New
York
the
next
day.
答案：was
leaving 根据时间状语the
next
day可知，此处用过去将来时。用于come,
go,
leave,
start,
arrive等表示位置转移的动词时，一般用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。故填was
leaving。
18．(2020·湖南省炎德·英才大联考
长沙市一中高考模拟卷)Routinely,
sleeping
less
than
six
or
seven
hours
a
night
________
(destroy)
your
immune
system,
more
than
doubling
your
risk
of
cancer.
答案：destroys 根据Routinely可知，此处表示经常性的行为，
使用一般现在时，故填destroys。
19．(2020·天津市河北区高三年级总复习质量检测(一))Look,
what
a
mess
in
the
room!
You
________
always
________
(throw)
things
about.
答案：are;
throwing 句意：看看，你的房间一团糟！你总是在到处乱扔东西。根据always和句意可知，此处用现在进行时表示感情的好恶，符合句子的感彩。
20．(2020·江苏省南通市通州中学高三第二学期4月检测试题)I
should
very
much
like
to
have
gone
to
Susan's
birthday
party,
but
I
________
(have)
to
give
a
lecture.
答案：had 句意：我本来很想去参加Susan的生日聚会，但我不得不去做报告。but连接两个并列分句，前面分句对过去的虚拟，后面分句是过去的事实，应用一般过去时。故填had。
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)With
the
young
unable
to
afford
to
leave
home
and
the
old
at
risk
of
isolation
(孤独),
more
families
________
(choose,
are
choosing)
to
live
together.
答案：are
choosing 根据句意，由于年轻人无能力离开家生活，老年人也面临孤独的危险，更多的家庭选择住在一起。强调正在发生的事情，使用现在进行时。故填are
choosing。
2．(2020·江苏高考)Athletes
and
scientists
have
long
known
that
meal
timing
________
(affected,
affects)
performance.
答案：affects 句意：运动员和科学家早就知道吃饭时间会影响表现。强调一个事实现象，结合前面的have
known可知，此处使用一般现在时，故填affects。
3．Mr
White
________
(teaches,
had
taught)
in
our
school
for
nearly
forty
years
before
he
retired
last
month.
答案：had
taught 根据for
nearly
forty
years可知应用完成时，再根据before从句中的retired可知，从句中用的为过去时，主句动作发生在其前，故应用过去完成时，即had
taught。
4．(2020·江苏高考)The
outbreak
of
COVID?19
________
(meant,
has
meant)
an
abrupt
change
in
our
life
and
work.
答案：has
meant 根据常识可知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了急剧的变化，
表示已经发生，故填has
meant。
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)In
recent
years
some
Inuit
people
in
Nunayut
________
(report,
have
reported)
increases
in
bear
sightings
around
human
settlements,
leading
to
a
belief
that
populations
are
increasing.
答案：have
reported 根据时间状语In
recent
years可知，此处要用现在完成时，且主语为some
Inuit
people，故填have
reported。
6．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Of
the
nineteen
recognized
polar
bear
subpopulations,
three
are
declining,
six
________
(is,
are)
stable,
one
is
increasing,
and
nine
lack
enough
data.
答案：are 句意：在已知的19个北极熊亚群中，3个正在下降，6个稳定不变，1个正在增长，9个数据不足。此处描述的是客观事实，且主语为six，故填are。
7．(2019·天津高考)If
a
child
________
(approached,
approaches)
him,
he
will
pause
to
give
that
child
his
undivided
attention.
答案：approaches 主句是一般将来时，条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时，故填approaches。
8．(2020·安徽省“江淮十校”高三第三次联考)China
has
welcomed
western
fashion
and
futuristic
technology
during
the
last
decades,
but
a
growing
number
of
young
people
________
(are
looking,
have
looked)
to
the
past
for
their
dressing
choices.
答案：are
looking 根据句意，在过去的几十年里，中国一直欢迎西方的时尚和未来科技，但是越来越多的年轻人开始从过去的角度来选择他们的着装。此处强调正在进行的事情，故填are
looking。
9．(2020·天津一中高三年级第四次月考)We
________
(have
been
telling,
have
told)
him
that
he
ought
to
make
the
bar
more
attractive
with
various
methods.
He
finally
sees
the
light.
答案：have
been
telling 句意：我们一直在告诉他，他应该用各种方法使酒吧更有吸引力。他终于看到了曙光。此处指“过去发生的动作一直持续到了现在”，所以句子用现在完成进行时态，故填have
been
telling。
10．(2020·安徽省淮北市高三第二次模拟考试)They
________
(had
arranged,
had
been
arranging)
jewellery
since
eight
o'clock
and
had
only
just
finished
when
two
robbers
broke
in.
答案：had
been
arranging 句意：他们从八点钟开始就在布置珠宝，刚布置完，两个强盗就破门而入了。根据后文的并列谓语had
only
just
finished可知，本空也应用过去完成时，且根据后文since
eight
o'clock可知，表示持续不间断发生的动作，应用过去完成进行时。故填had
been
arranging。
11．(2020·安徽省“江淮十校”高三第三次联考)Empathy,
the
ability
to
understand
other
people,
________
(has
dropped,
dropped)
sharply
among
college
students
over
the
past
10
years.
答案：has
dropped 根据后面的时间状语over
the
past
10
years可知，使用现在完成时，故填has
dropped。
12．(2020·北京市海淀区高三年级第二学期期末练习)Too
many
of
us
________
(were
visiting,
are
visiting)
must?see
sights
at
the
same
time
now,
putting
pressure
on
these
delicate
and
ancient
places.
答案：are
visiting 句意：但问题是我们太多人同时参观它们，给这些脆弱而古老的地方带来了压力。结合句意以及时间状语now可知，本句为现在进行时。故填are
visiting。
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．(2020·江苏高考)Instead
of
getting
down
to
a
new
task
__________________
(像我预料的那样),
he
examined
the
previous
work
again.
答案：as
I
had
expected
2．(2020·天津高考)The
number
of
medical
schools
reached
18
in
the
early
1990s
and
____________________________
(此后一直保持在这个水平)．
答案：has
remained
around
that
level
since
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)For
the
past
two
years,
Gordon's
students
________________
(一直在研究如何杀死细菌)
in
zero
gravity.
答案：have
been
studying
ways
to
kill
bacteria
4．(2019·天津高考)Yet,
now
that
I'm
growing
and
the
world
I
once
knew
as
being
so
simple
____________________
(正变得更复杂),
I
find
myself
needing
a
way
to
escape.
答案：is
becoming
more
complex
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In
addition,
most
newspapers
had
little
in
them
that
________________________________
(吸引大量观众).
答案：would
appeal
to
a
mass
audience
6．(2020·广东省江门市高三一模高考模拟考试)In
the
past
decade,
with
the
help
of
experiments
on
mice
and
monkeys,
____________________
(科学家们证实)
that
the
human
brain
remains
plastic
throughout
life.
答案：scientists
have
confirmed
7．(2020·山西省太原五中第二学期3月摸底考试)We
have
a
variety
of
emotions
like
sadness,
anger,
fear,
enthusiasm
and
happiness,
and
_______________________
(这些情绪都会很自然地表现出来)
when
something
affects
our
feelings.
答案：they
all
appear
naturally
8．(2020·普通高等学校招生全国统一考试广东省英语模拟试题)
________________________________
(然而，研究人员已经表明)
that
your
brain
is
constantly
working
to
create
the
impression
of
an
uninterrupted
and
continuous
world.
答案：Researchers,
however,
have
shown
9．(2020·山西省太原五中第二学期3月摸底考试)Nowadays
the
growth
of
food
delivery
apps
in
China
____________________________________________
(让整个国家被外卖盒和塑料淹没)．
答案：is
drowning
the
country
with
takeout
containers
and
plastic
10．(2020·天津市十二区县重点学校高三毕业班联考)In
addition
to
filling
stomachs
of
his
family,
____________________________
(他一直致力于)
improving
the
quality
of
the
homeless
people's
life
for
years.
答案：he
has
been
devoting
himself
to
11．(2020·河北省石家庄二中高三下学期第三次月考)By
500
BC,
metal
coins
______________________
(开始出现在)
in
countries
like
Persia
and
Greece,
and
later
in
the
Roman
Empire.
答案：had
begun
to
appear
12．(2020·西藏拉萨市高三第二次模拟考试)______
______________________
(我们生活的许多方面都发生了变化)
so
far
by
computers
and
one
tech
field
that
shows
unbelievable
promise
for
the
future
is
that
of
Artificial
Intelligence
(AI)．
答案：Many
parts
of
our
lives
have
changed
13．If
you
look
at
all
sides
of
the
situation,
______________________________
(你会找到一个解决方案)
that
suits
everyone.
答案：you'll
find
probably
a
solution
14．(2020
·南京市六校联合体高三第二学期5月联考)The
Williams
moved
to
a
safer
area
and
since
then
__________________________________________
(他们再没有回首过去的生活)．
答案：they
haven't
looked
back
to
their
past
life
15．(2020·江苏省清江中学高三下学期第二次模拟考试)I
have
so
many
clients
who
believe
that
cutting
their
hair
helps
it
grow.
Actually,
for
every
few
inches
you're
cutting,
_______________________________
(你就是在增加几个月的生长时间)．
答案：you
are
adding
months
to
the
growing
time
[语态]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2020·山东高考)The
parts
of
a
museum
open
to
the
public
________
(call)
galleries
or
rooms.
答案：are
called 句意：博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观情况，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are
called。
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)The
artist
was
sure
he
would
________
(choose),
but
when
he
presented
his
masterpiece
to
the
emperor's
chief
minister,
the
old
man
laughed.
答案：be
chosen 句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be
chosen。
3．(2020·江苏高考)Zhang
Zhongjing
________
(honor)
as
a
master
doctor
since
the
Eastern
Han
Dynasty.
答案：has
been
honored 句意：自东汉以来，张仲景被尊为医学大师。根据时间状语“since
the
Eastern
Han
Dynasty”可知，应用现在完成时，且表示“被尊为”，故填has
been
honored。
4．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)When
“Rise
of
the
Planet
of
the
Apes”
________
first
________
(show)
to
the
public
last
month,
a
group
of
excited
animal
activists
gathered
on
Hollywood
Boulevard.
答案：was;
shown 设空前的主语“Rise
of
the
Planet
of
the
Apes”和动词show之间是被动关系，同时结合last
month可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，故用was
first
shown。
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The
polar
bear
________
(find)
in
the
Arctic
Circle
and
some
big
land
masses
as
far
south
as
Newfoundland.
答案：is
found 北极熊在北极圈内被发现，这是一个客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is
found。
6．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Before
the
1830s,
most
newspapers
________
(sell)
through
annual
subscriptions
in
America,
usually
$8
to
$10
a
year.
答案：were
sold 句意：在1830年代之前，
在美国大多数报纸通过年度订阅销售，
通常一年8到10美元。根据时间状语Before
the
1830s和句意可知，此处用一般过去时；且newspapers与sell之间为被动关系，故填were
sold。
7．(2020·广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试)Collection
boxes
have
been
placed
in
local
offices
and
telecom
stores
and
they
will
remain
there
until
the
metal
required
________
(collect)．
答案：is
collected/has
been
collected 句意：收集箱已经被放置在当地的办公室和电信商店，它们将一直在那里，直到所需的金属被收集。此处为until引导时间状语从句，根据“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时或现在完成时。且the
metal和collect之间是被动关系，metal不可数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is
collected/has
been
collected。
8.
(2020·吉林省延边州高三教学质量检测)When
you
are
laughing
the
level
of
stress
hormones
________
(reduce)
in
your
body.
答案：will
be
reduced/is
reduced 句意：当你大笑时，压力荷尔蒙水平会降低。描述了一个将来的情况或是理解为描述的是一个客观事实。且stress
hormones与reduce之间是被动关系，故填will
be
reduced/is
reduced。
9．(2019·浙江“七彩阳光”新高考研究联盟第二学期阶段性评估)Doing
something
productive
is
exactly
what
students
________
(encourage)
to
do
because
doing
more
purposeful
things
helps
them
acquire
skills
to
use
when
competing
for
a
place
at
university.
答案：are
being
encouraged 句意：做一些有意义的事情正是鼓励学生去做的事情，因为做更有意义的事情有助于他们获得在大学里竞争的技能。结合句意可知，此处应用现在进行时的被动语态，故填are
being
encouraged。
10．(2020
·北京市密云区第二学期第二次阶段性测试)The
father
was
determined
that
none
of
his
children
________
(deny)
an
education.
Thus,
he
insisted
that
they
learn
at
least
one
new
thing
each
day.
答案：would
be
denied 根据设空前的was
determined
可知，应用过去时，而deny这里表示过去的将来，并且表示被动，故填would
be
denied。
11．(2020·江苏省苏州市实验中学第二学期五月测试)In
time
of
anger,
do
yourself
a
favor
by
releasing
it
in
a
quiet
place
so
that
you
________
(hurt)
by
its
flames.
答案：won't
be
hurt 句意：在愤怒的时候，帮助自己通过在一个安静的地方释放一下，这样你就不会被它的“火焰”伤害到。根据句意，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填won't
be
hurt。
12．(2020·陕西省高三教学质量检测卷(二))Whenever
you
visit
a
website,
a
small
file
________
(mark)
in
your
browser
(浏览器),
which
is
called
a
“cookie”．
答案：is
marked 根据前面的visit和后面的is
called可知，此处应用一般现在时，且file和mark之间为被动关系，故填is
marked。
13．(2020·安徽省黄山市高中毕业班第二次质量检测)The
novel
coronavirus
pneumonia
(新型冠状病毒肺炎)
outbreak
in
China
________
(cause)
by
a
new
coronavirus
that
we
have
never
seen
before.
答案：was
caused 句意：中国新一轮冠状病毒肺炎暴发是由一种我们从未见过的新型冠状病毒引起的。结合句意可知，此处为过去发生的事情；且由设空后by可知，此处为被动语态，故填was
caused。
14．(2020·江苏省盐城市高三年级第三次模拟考试)There's
a
consensus
between
Japan
and
IOC
that
2020
Tokyo
Olympic
Games
________
(postpone)
by
one
year.
答案：will
be
postponed 句意：日本和国际奥委会达成一个共识，即2020东京奥运会会被推迟一年。结合句意可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will
be
postponed。
15．(2020·山东省济南市三模6月高三针对性训练)When
Anne
Glancey,
a
retired
school
teacher,
received
notice
that
she
________
(fine)
up
to
$3,000
per
day
for
code
violations,
she
didn't
know
what
to
do.
答案：would
be
fined 句意：当安妮·格兰西，一名退休教师，接到通知她将因违反规定每天罚款三千美元，她不知该怎么办。she与fine之间为被动关系，结合句意，此处用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would
be
fined。
16．(2020·北京市房山区高三衔接诊断试卷)Learning
isn't
simply
about
earning
degrees
or
attending
storied
institutions
and
every
day,
each
of
us
________
(offer)
the
opportunity
to
pursue.
答案：is
offered 此处意为“我们每个人都有追求发展的机会”，且offer与主语之间是被动关系；主语是each
of
us，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填is
offered。
17．(2020·四川省成都市高中毕业班第三次诊断性检测)Children
from
an
early
age
________
(teach)
how
to
react
in
case
of
a
tsunami
and
then
go
with
their
classmates
to
higher
ground
away
from
coastal
areas
to
avoid
the
walls
of
water
the
tsunami
triggers.
答案：are
taught 根据and连接后一分句中的go
with可知，应用一般现在时；children与teach之间为被动关系，故填are
taught。
18．The
machine
is
working
again
because
though
it
broke
down
yesterday,
it
________
(fix)．
答案：has
been
fixed 句意：机器又开始工作了，虽然昨天坏了，但已经修好了。指现在已经被修好了，动作对现在的影响用现在完成时的被动语态，故填has
been
fixed。
19．(2020·江苏省淮安市高三五月调研卷)According
to
a
plan,
Hainan
________(build)
into
a
tourism
and
consumption
destination
with
global
influence
by
2035.
答案：will
have
been
built 根据时间状语by
2035可知，用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用将来完成时的被动语态。故填will
have
been
built。
20．(2020·天津市和平区高三年级第二次质量检测)I
was
sitting
in
my
room
and
my
cat
Smartie
was
on
my
lap
when
the
roof
of
my
room
________
(blow)
away.
答案：was
blown 此处考查固定句型was/were
doing
sth
...
when
...
“过去正在做某事，(突然)就……”，且主语the
roof
of
my
room和blow
away之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，又主语是单数，故填was
blown。
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．(2020·山东高考)Chasing
the
Sea:
Lost
Among
the
Ghosts
of
Empire
in
Central
Asia
talks
about
a
road
trip
from
Tashkent
to
Karakalpakstan,
where
millions
of
lives
________
(have
been
destroyed,
was
destroyed)
by
the
slow
drying
up
of
the
sea.
答案：have
been
destroyed 《追逐大海：迷失在中亚帝国的鬼魂中》谈论从塔什干到卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦的公路旅行，那里数百万人的生命因海水的缓慢干涸而被毁。结合句意，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have
been
destroyed。
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The
landing
of
a
spacecraft
on
the
far
side
of
the
moon
excites
scientists,
because
it
means
we
have
the
chance
to
obtain
information
about
how
the
moon
________
(constructed,
is
constructed)．
答案：is
constructed 此处是宾语从句，谓语construct与主语the
moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知，此处应使用一般现在时，主语the
moon是单数，故填is
constructed。
3．(2019·江苏高考)It
________
(had
been
known,
knows)
for
a
long
time
that
Yellowstone
was
volcanic
in
nature—that's
what
accounted
for
all
its
hot
springs
and
other
steamy
features.
答案：had
been
known 根据后面的was，且know发生在过去之前的动作，用过去完成时；且此处意为“这件事被人们知道”，故填had
been
known。
4．He
________
(had
been
tortured,
had
tortured)
by
the
illness
for
many
years
before
he
died.
答案：had
been
tortured 句意：他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。根据句意和时间状语可知，时态是过去完成时，此处应用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had
been
tortured。
5．(2020·北京市密云区第二学期第二次阶段性测试)The
title
is
very
important
because
it
tells
you
the
main
idea
of
the
graph
by
stating
what
kind
of
information
________
(is
being
shown,
is
shown)．
答案：is
being
shown 此处意为“这种信息正在被展示”，同时information不可数，故填is
being
shown。
6．(2020
·天津市和平区高三年级第二次质量检测)Alzheimer's
disease
________
(is
recognized,
recognized)
as
the
most
common
mental
disease
among
older
people,
and
the
number
of
sufferers
is
growing.
答案：is
recognized 句意：阿尔茨海默症被认为是老年人中最常见的精神疾病，而且患者的数量还在不断增加。be
recognized
as
“被认为”，固定搭配。故填is
recognized。
7．(2020·陕西甘肃高三年级3月联合考试)Choosing
a
career
is
important
because
most
of
the
time
in
our
lives
________
(is
spent,
spent)
at
work.
答案：is
spent 句意：选择职业很重要，因为我们一生中的大部分时间都花在工作上。此句是在表达一种一般性的看法，应使用一般现在时。most
of
the
time作主语，与spend之间是被动关系，因此谓语动词应使用单数形式及被动语态。故填is
spent。
8．(2020·天津一中高三年级第四次月考)Delete
the
short
message
at
once!
Many
a
man
________
(have
been
cheated,
has
been
cheated)
by
such
tricks
up
to
now.
答案：has
been
cheated 句意：立即删除短消息！到目前为止，许多人都被这种把戏欺骗了。句子中Many
a
man作主语，后面的谓语动词用单数形式，且和谓语动词cheat之间构成被动关系，再根据时间状语up
to
now，应用现在完成时态的被动语态。故填has
been
cheated。
9．(2020·天津市滨海新区高三居家专题讲座学习反馈检测试题)No
decision
________
(will
be
made,
will
make)
about
any
future
appointment
until
all
the
candidates
have
been
interviewed.
答案：will
be
made 主语是decision和动词make是动宾关系，所以用被动式，根据后面的about
any
future
appointment可知，动作未发生，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will
be
made。
10．(2020·山东省淄博市高三第二次线上检测试题)If
you're
not
a
good
listener,
it's
going
to
be
hard
to
comprehend
what
you
________
(are
asked,
are
being
asked)
to
do.
答案：are
being
asked 句意：如果你不是一个好的倾听者，你将很难理解你被要求做什么。根据句意，此处表示“你正在被要求做的事情”，用现在进行时的被动语态，故填are
being
asked。
11．(2020·重庆市巴蜀中学高考适应性月考卷(八))Facebook
used
the
facial
recognition
feature
to
alert
a
user
if
a
picture
of
them
________
(had
been
uploaded,
had
uploaded)
on
to
the
site.
答案：had
been
uploaded 根据设空前的used，且uploaded发生在used之前可知，应用过去完成时；这些照片是被上传的，故填had
been
uploaded。
12．(2020·四川省成都市高中毕业班第三次诊断性检测)Changes
to
privacy
laws
________
(are
being
fuelled,
are
fuelled)
by
growing
public
concerns
with
the
idea
of
unrestricted
data
accumulation
and
use.
答案：are
being
fuelled 句意：公众越来越关注不受限制的数据积累和使用的想法，推动了隐私法的修改。根据句意可知，此处表示正在被推动，应用现在进行时的被动语态，故填are
being
fuelled。
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．(2020·江苏高考)They
decide
to
have
more
workers
for
the
project
______________________
(这样就不会耽搁)．
答案：so
that
it
won't
be
delayed
2．(2020·山东高考)In
the
study
before
the
film
began,
______________________________
(每个妇女都被要求)
to
help
herself
to
a
snack.
答案：each
woman
was
asked
3．(2020·浙江省普通高校招生考试)A
song
called
Don't
Laugh
at
Me
described
____________________________________
(各种被欺负的人)
and
how
much
it
hurt.
答案：a
variety
of
people
who
had
been
bullied
4．It
is
reported
that
his
new
book
________________________________
(将被那家公司出版)
next
year.
答案：will
be
published
by
that
company
5．(2020·河东区高考模拟考试)Regardless
of
the
weather,
__________________________________
(新闻发布会仍将按时举行)．
答案：the
press
conference
will
be
held
on
time
6．(2020·湖南省怀化市中小学课程改革教育质量监测试卷)Held
every
year
on
April
22,
______________________
(地球日被创立)
US
politician
Gaylord
Nelson,
aiming
to
give
a
voice
to
people
who
wanted
environmental
protection.
答案：Earth
Day
was
created
by
7．(2020·北京市东城区高三二模)At
university,
__________________________
(你将由讲师和教授进行授课)
who
may
be
leading
experts
in
their
fields.
答案：you
will
be
taught
by
lecturers
and
professors
8．(2020·浙江省温州市普通高中高考适应性测试)Pursuing
a
patent
would
have
meant
______________________________________________________
(这项技术将被保密)
for
a
long
period
of
time.
答案：the
technique
would
be
kept
secret
9．(2020·河南省濮阳市高三毕业班第二次模拟考试)
____________________________________________
(将会建立一个特别的科学家委员会)
to
study
AI's
effects
on
economy
in
the
years
ahead.
答案：A
special
committee
of
scientists
will
be
established
10．(2020·黑龙江省大庆实验中学高三综合训练(二))It's
not
a
new
phenomenon,
__________________________________________________________
(但是你注意到有多少名词被用作动词了吗)?
答案：but
have
you
noticed
how
many
nouns
are
being
used
as
verbs
11．(2020·北大附中高三第二学期英语阶段性检测)On
the
first
school
day,
____________________________
(校长告诉我们)
that
the
best
way
to
earn
respect
was
to
work
hard
and
achieve
high
grades.
答案：we
were
told
by
the
headmaster
12．(2020·重庆育才中学高三下学期入学考试)Her
friends
had
been
fired
from
the
school.
____________________________
(我们受雇于他们的位置)
and
that
was
enough
for
her
to
have
nothing
to
do
with
us.
答案：We
had
been
employed
in
their
places
13．(2020·成都市高中毕业班第三次诊断性检测)At
the
same
time
that
we
share
our
personal
information,
there
is
a
growing
concern
with
_______________________
(这些信息如何被收集、存储、使用和共享)．
答案：how
that
information
is
being
gathered,
stored,
used
and
shared
14．(2020·天津市部分区高三质量调查试卷)____________________________
(当脂肪和肉从食物中去除时),
the
food
tastes
as
if
it's
missing
something.
答案：When
fat
and
meat
are
removed
from
food
15．(2020·河北省石家庄二中高三下学期第三次月考)China
Harbin's
winter
is
for
the
brave
ones—the
average
temperature
is1．8°
F—_________________________
(但那些勇敢地面对寒冷的人们将被奖励)
by
experiencing
one
of
the
world's
largest
winter
festivals.
答案：but
those
who
brave
the
cold
will
be
rewarded(共34张PPT)
动词的时态、语态
综合复习
[时态]
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)When
he
asked
the
villagers
on
the
banks
of
the
river
where
he
could
find
the
legendary
(传奇的)
artist,
they
smiled
and
________
(point)
down
the
river.
答案：pointed 句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指向河的下游。根据上文they
smiled
and可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The
unmanned
Chang'e?4
probe
(探测器)—the
name
was
inspired
by
an
ancient
Chinese
moon
goddess
________
(touch)
down
last
week
in
the
South
Pole?Aitken
basin.
答案：touched 句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。根据时间状语last
week可知，应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)“This
really
excites
scientists，”
Carle
Pieters,
a
scientist
at
Brown
University,
says,
“because
it
________
(mean)
we
have
the
chance
to
obtain
information
about
how
the
moon
is
constructed.”
答案：means 句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家卡尔·佩特斯说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息”。根据上文“This
really
excites
scientists”
可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以设空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
4．(2020·浙江高考)Something
significant
________
(happen)
to
the
world
population—it
is
aging.
答案：is
happening 句意：世界人口正在发生一些重大的事情——老龄化。强调正在发生的事情，因此填is
happening。
5．(2020·浙江高考)I
never
knew
anyone
who
________
(grow)
up
in
Jackson
without
being
afraid
of
Mrs
Calloway,
our
librarian.
答案：had
grown 根据主句中的knew，以及grow发生在knew之前可知，从句使用过去完成时，故填had
grown。
6．(2020·天津高考)I
am
a
great
swimmer.
It's
because
I
________
(practice)
a
lot
these
days.
答案：have
been
practising 根据时间状语these
days可知，该句应用现在完成进行时。故填have
been
practising。
7．(2020·浙江高考)By
about
6,000
BC,
people
______
(discover)
the
best
crops
to
grow
and
animals
to
raise.
答案：had
discovered 句意：大约在公元前6,000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。by＋过去时间，意为“到……为止”，可知设空处用过去完成时。故填had
discovered。
8．(2020·浙江高考)And,
as
more
children
were
born，more
food
________
(need)．
答案：was
needed 句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。逻辑主语和need之间表示被动关系；同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。且food为不可数名词。故填was
needed。
9．(2020·山东高考)The
80,000
objects
collected
by
Sir
Hans
Sloane,
for
example,
___
(form)
the
core
collection
of
the
British
Museum
which
opened
in
1759.
答案：formed 句意：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in
1759可知，应用一般过去时。故填formed。
10．(2020·浙江高考)New
methods
________
(mean)
that
fewer
people
worked
in
farming.
答案：meant 句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。根据从句中的worked可知，此处也应为过去时，逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。故填meant。
11．More
attention
on
digital
books
________
(reflect)
a
rising
trend
in
the
industry
towards
what
many
are
calling
“digital
first”．
答案：reflects 句意：对电子书的更多关注反映出该行业正朝着许多人所说的“数字优先”的方向发展。本句反应的是一个事实，结合后面的are
calling可知，用一般现在时，故填reflects。
12．Mr
Smith
let
off
upon
me
the
speech
he
________
(die)
to
make
all
along.
答案：had
been
dying 句意：史密斯先生向我不断练习一个他一直就渴望做的演讲。结合主句中的let
off(过去时态)，而die
to这个动作是发生在let
off之前，应用过去完成进行时。be
dying
to
do
sth
“非常渴望做某事”。故填had
been
dying。
13．I
took
notes
during
the
meeting,
but
I
________
(have)
a
chance
to
write
them
into
a
report
so
far.
答案：haven't
had 句意：会议期间我做了笔记，但到目前为止我还没有机会把它们写进报告里。根据句中时间状语so
far可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故填haven't
had。
14．I
was
about
to
give
up
halfway
when
my
teacher
________
(come)
to
encourage
me
to
carry
on.
答案：came 句意：正当我打算半途而废时，我的老师来到了我的身边给我鼓励，鼓励我继续前行，永不放弃。前半句was
about
to表示过去将来时，when后面从句也需要用一般过去时，故填came
15．According
to
the
Ministry
of
Education,
college
________
(strengthen)
measures
to
control
the
quality
of
higher
education.
答案：will
strengthen 句意：根据教育部的安排，大学将采取更强有力的措施，来控制好高等教育的质量。根据句意可知，这是将来的计划，目的尚未达到，故填will
strengthen。
16．Taiwanese
actor
Godfrey
Gao
________
(film)
an
evening
variety
show
when
he
suddenly
collapsed,
which
saddened
thousands
of
his
fans.
答案：was
filming 句意：台湾演员Godfrey
Gao(高以翔)在拍摄晚间综艺节目时突然倒下，这让他的粉丝们很伤心。此处为sb
be
doing
sth
when结构，
由从句中使用一般过去时可知，主句用过去进行时，故填was
filming。
17．She
and
her
best
friend
felt
sad
when
they
heard
I
________
(leave)
for
New
York
the
next
day.
答案：was
leaving 根据时间状语the
next
day可知，此处用过去将来时。用于come,
go,
leave,
start,
arrive等表示位置转移的动词时，一般用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。故填was
leaving。
18．Routinely,
sleeping
less
than
six
or
seven
hours
a
night
________
(destroy)
your
immune
system,
more
than
doubling
your
risk
of
cancer.
答案：destroys 根据Routinely可知，此处表示经常性的行为，
使用一般现在时，故填destroys。
19．Look,
what
a
mess
in
the
room!
You
________
always
________
(throw)
things
about.
答案：are;
throwing 句意：看看，你的房间一团糟！你总是在到处乱扔东西。根据always和句意可知，此处用现在进行时表示感情的好恶，符合句子的感彩。
20．I
should
very
much
like
to
have
gone
to
Susan's
birthday
party,
but
I
________
(have)
to
give
a
lecture.
答案：had 句意：我本来很想去参加Susan的生日聚会，但我不得不去做报告。but连接两个并列分句，前面分句对过去的虚拟，后面分句是过去的事实，应用一般过去时。故填had。
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)With
the
young
unable
to
afford
to
leave
home
and
the
old
at
risk
of
isolation
(孤独),
more
families
________
(choose,
are
choosing)
to
live
together.
答案：are
choosing 根据句意，由于年轻人无能力离开家生活，老年人也面临孤独的危险，更多的家庭选择住在一起。强调正在发生的事情，使用现在进行时。故填are
choosing。
2．Athletes
and
scientists
have
long
known
that
meal
timing
________
(affected,
affects)
performance.
答案：affects 句意：运动员和科学家早就知道吃饭时间会影响表现。强调一个事实现象，结合前面的have
known可知，此处使用一般现在时，故填affects。
3．Mr
White
________
(teaches,
had
taught)
in
our
school
for
nearly
forty
years
before
he
retired
last
month.
答案：had
taught 根据for
nearly
forty
years可知应用完成时，再根据before从句中的retired可知，从句中用的为过去时，主句动作发生在其前，故应用过去完成时，即had
taught。
4．(2020·江苏高考)The
outbreak
of
COVID?19
________
(meant,
has
meant)
an
abrupt
change
in
our
life
and
work.
答案：has
meant 根据常识可知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了急剧的变化，
表示已经发生，故填has
meant。
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)In
recent
years
some
Inuit
people
in
Nunayut
________
(report,
have
reported)
increases
in
bear
sightings
around
human
settlements,
leading
to
a
belief
that
populations
are
increasing.
答案：have
reported 根据时间状语In
recent
years可知，此处要用现在完成时，且主语为some
Inuit
people，故填have
reported。
6．Of
the
nineteen
recognized
polar
bear
subpopulations,
three
are
declining,
six
________
(is,
are)
stable,
one
is
increasing,
and
nine
lack
enough
data.
答案：are 句意：在已知的19个北极熊亚群中，3个正在下降，6个稳定不变，1个正在增长，9个数据不足。此处描述的是客观事实，且主语为six，故填are。
7．If
a
child
________
(approached,
approaches)
him,
he
will
pause
to
give
that
child
his
undivided
attention.
答案：approaches 主句是一般将来时，条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时，故填approaches。
8．China
has
welcomed
western
fashion
and
futuristic
technology
during
the
last
decades,
but
a
growing
number
of
young
people
________
(are
looking,
have
looked)
to
the
past
for
their
dressing
choices.
答案：are
looking 根据句意，在过去的几十年里，中国一直欢迎西方的时尚和未来科技，但是越来越多的年轻人开始从过去的角度来选择他们的着装。此处强调正在进行的事情，故填are
looking。
9．(2020·天津一中高三年级第四次月考)We
________
(have
been
telling,
have
told)
him
that
he
ought
to
make
the
bar
more
attractive
with
various
methods.
He
finally
sees
the
light.
答案：have
been
telling 句意：我们一直在告诉他，他应该用各种方法使酒吧更有吸引力。他终于看到了曙光。此处指“过去发生的动作一直持续到了现在”，所以句子用现在完成进行时态，故填have
been
telling。
10．(2020·安徽省淮北市高三第二次模拟考试)They
________
(had
arranged,
had
been
arranging)
jewellery
since
eight
o'clock
and
had
only
just
finished
when
two
robbers
broke
in.
答案：had
been
arranging 句意：他们从八点钟开始就在布置珠宝，刚布置完，两个强盗就破门而入了。根据后文的并列谓语had
only
just
finished可知，本空也应用过去完成时，且根据后文since
eight
o'clock可知，表示持续不间断发生的动作，应用过去完成进行时。故填had
been
arranging。
11．(2020·安徽省“江淮十校”高三第三次联考)Empathy,
the
ability
to
understand
other
people,
________
(has
dropped,
dropped)
sharply
among
college
students
over
the
past
10
years.
答案：has
dropped 根据后面的时间状语over
the
past
10
years可知，使用现在完成时，故填has
dropped。
12．(2020·北京市海淀区高三年级第二学期期末练习)Too
many
of
us
________
(were
visiting,
are
visiting)
must?see
sights
at
the
same
time
now,
putting
pressure
on
these
delicate
and
ancient
places.
答案：are
visiting 句意：但问题是我们太多人同时参观它们，给这些脆弱而古老的地方带来了压力。结合句意以及时间状语now可知，本句为现在进行时。故填are
visiting。
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．(2020·江苏高考)Instead
of
getting
down
to
a
new
task
__________________
(像我预料的那样),
he
examined
the
previous
work
again.
答案：as
I
had
expected
2．(2020·天津高考)The
number
of
medical
schools
reached
18
in
the
early
1990s
and
____________________________
(此后一直保持在这个水平)．
答案：has
remained
around
that
level
since
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)For
the
past
two
years,
Gordon's
students
________________
(一直在研究如何杀死细菌)
in
zero
gravity.
答案：have
been
studying
ways
to
kill
bacteria
4．(2019·天津高考)Yet,
now
that
I'm
growing
and
the
world
I
once
knew
as
being
so
simple
____________________
(正变得更复杂),
I
find
myself
needing
a
way
to
escape.
答案：is
becoming
more
complex
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In
addition,
most
newspapers
had
little
in
them
that
_____________(吸引大量观众).
答案：would
appeal
to
a
mass
audience
6．(2020·广东省江门市高三一模高考模拟考试)In
the
past
decade,
with
the
help
of
experiments
on
mice
and
monkeys,
____________________
(科学家们证实)
that
the
human
brain
remains
plastic
throughout
life
答案：scientists
have
confirmed
7．We
have
a
variety
of
emotions
like
sadness,
anger,
fear,
enthusiasm
and
happiness,
and
_______________________
(这些情绪都会很自然地表现出来)
when
something
affects
our
feelings.
答案：they
all
appear
naturally
8．
________________
(然而，研究人员已经表明)
that
your
brain
is
constantly
working
to
create
the
impression
of
an
uninterrupted
and
continuous
world.
答案：Researchers,
however,
have
shown
9．Nowadays
the
growth
of
food
delivery
apps
in
China
_______________________
(让整个国家被外卖盒和塑料没)．
答案：is
drowning
the
country
with
takeout
containers
and
plastic
10．In
addition
to
filling
stomachs
of
his
family,
__________
(他一直致力于)
improving
the
quality
of
the
homeless
people's
life
for
years.
答案：he
has
been
devoting
himself
to
11．By
500
BC,
metal
coins
_______
(开始出现在)
in
countries
like
Persia
and
Greece,
and
later
in
the
Roman
Empire.
答案：had
begun
to
appear
12．)______
______________________
(我们生活的许多方面都发生了变化)
so
far
by
computers
and
one
tech
field
that
shows
unbelievable
promise
for
the
future
is
that
of
Artificial
Intelligence
(AI)．
答案：Many
parts
of
our
lives
have
changed
13．If
you
look
at
all
sides
of
the
situation,
________________
(你会找到一个解决方案)
that
suits
everyone.
答案：you'll
find
probably
a
solution
14．The
Williams
moved
to
a
safer
area
and
since
then
____________________
(他们再没有回首过去的生活
答案：they
haven't
looked
back
to
their
past
life
15．I
have
so
many
clients
who
believe
that
cutting
their
hair
helps
it
grow.
Actually,
for
every
few
inches
you're
cutting,
_______________________________
(你就是在增加几个月的生长时间)．
答案：you
are
adding
months
to
the
growing
time
[语态]
1．The
parts
of
a
museum
open
to
the
public
________
(call)
galleries
or
rooms.
答案：are
called 句意：博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观情况，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are
called。
2．The
artist
was
sure
he
would
________
(choose),
but
when
he
presented
his
masterpiece
to
the
emperor's
chief
minister,
the
old
man
laughed.
答案：be
chosen 句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be
chosen。
3．Zhang
Zhongjing
________
(honor)
as
a
master
doctor
since
the
Eastern
Han
Dynasty.
答案：has
been
honored 句意：自东汉以来，张仲景被尊为医学大师。根据时间状语“since
the
Eastern
Han
Dynasty”可知，应用现在完成时，且表示“被尊为”，故填has
been
honored。
4．When
“Rise
of
the
Planet
of
the
Apes”
________
first
________
(show)
to
the
public
last
month,
a
group
of
excited
animal
activists
gathered
on
Hollywood
Boulevard.
答案：was;
shown 设空前的主语“Rise
of
the
Planet
of
the
Apes”和动词show之间是被动关系，同时结合last
month可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，故用was
first
shown。
5．The
polar
bear
________
(find)
in
the
Arctic
Circle
and
some
big
land
masses
as
far
south
as
Newfoundland.
答案：is
found 北极熊在北极圈内被发现，这是一个客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is
found。
6．Before
the
1830s,
most
newspapers
________
(sell)
through
annual
subscriptions
in
America,
usually
$8
to
$10
a
year.
答案：were
sold 句意：在1830年代之前，
在美国大多数报纸通过年度订阅销售，
通常一年8到10美元。根据时间状语Before
the
1830s和句意可知，此处用一般过去时；且newspapers与sell之间为被动关系，故填were
sold。
7．Collection
boxes
have
been
placed
in
local
offices
and
telecom
stores
and
they
will
remain
there
until
the
metal
required
________
(collect)．
答案：is
collected/has
been
collected 句意：收集箱已经被放置在当地的办公室和电信商店，它们将一直在那里，直到所需的金属被收集。此处为until引导时间状语从句，根据“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时或现在完成时。且the
metal和collect之间是被动关系，metal不可数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is
collected/has
been
collected。
8.
When
you
are
laughing
the
level
of
stress
hormones
________
(reduce)
in
your
body.
答案：will
be
reduced/is
reduced 句意：当你大笑时，压力荷尔蒙水平会降低。描述了一个将来的情况或是理解为描述的是一个客观事实。且stress
hormones与reduce之间是被动关系，故填will
be
reduced/is
reduced。
9．Doing
something
productive
is
exactly
what
students
_____
(encourage)
to
do
because
doing
more
purposeful
things
helps
them
acquire
skills
to
use
when
competing
for
a
place
at
university.
答案：are
being
encouraged 句意：做一些有意义的事情正是鼓励学生去做的事情，因为做更有意义的事情有助于他们获得在大学里竞争的技能。结合句意可知，此处应用现在进行时的被动语态，故填are
being
encouraged。
10．The
father
was
determined
that
none
of
his
children
__(deny)
an
education.
Thus,
he
insisted
that
they
learn
at
least
one
new
thing
each
day.
答案：would
be
denied 根据设空前的was
determined
可知，应用过去时，而deny这里表示过去的将来，并且表示被动，故填would
be
denied。
11．In
time
of
anger,
do
yourself
a
favor
by
releasing
it
in
a
quiet
place
so
that
you
________
(hurt)
by
its
flames.
答案：won't
be
hurt 句意：在愤怒的时候，帮助自己通过在一个安静的地方释放一下，这样你就不会被它的“火焰”伤害到。根据句意，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填won't
be
hurt。
12．)Whenever
you
visit
a
website,
a
small
file
________
(mark)
in
your
browser
(浏览器),
which
is
called
a
“cookie”．
答案：is
marked 根据前面的visit和后面的is
called可知，此处应用一般现在时，且file和mark之间为被动关系，故填is
marked。
13．The
novel
coronavirus
pneumonia
(新型冠状病毒肺炎)
outbreak
in
China
________
(cause)
by
a
new
coronavirus
that
we
have
never
seen
before.
答案：was
caused 句意：中国新一轮冠状病毒肺炎暴发是由一种我们从未见过的新型冠状病毒引起的。结合句意可知，此处为过去发生的事情；且由设空后by可知，此处为被动语态，故填was
caused。
14．There's
a
consensus
between
Japan
and
IOC
that
2020
Tokyo
Olympic
Games
________
(postpone)
by
one
year.
答案：will
be
postponed 句意：日本和国际奥委会达成一个共识，即2020东京奥运会会被推迟一年。结合句意可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will
be
postponed。
15．When
Anne
Glancey,
a
retired
school
teacher,
received
notice
that
she
________
(fine)
up
to
$3,000
per
day
for
code
violations,
she
didn't
know
what
to
do.
答案：would
be
fined 句意：当安妮·格兰西，一名退休教师，接到通知她将因违反规定每天罚款三千美元，她不知该怎么办。she与fine之间为被动关系，结合句意，此处用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would
be
fined。
16．(Learning
isn't
simply
about
earning
degrees
or
attending
storied
institutions
and
every
day,
each
of
us
________
(offer)
the
opportunity
to
pursue.
答案：is
offered 此处意为“我们每个人都有追求发展的机会”，且offer与主语之间是被动关系；主语是each
of
us，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填is
offered。
17．Children
from
an
early
age
________
(teach)
how
to
react
in
case
of
a
tsunami
and
then
go
with
their
classmates
to
higher
ground
away
from
coastal
areas
to
avoid
the
walls
of
water
the
tsunami
triggers.
答案：are
taught 根据and连接后一分句中的go
with可知，应用一般现在时；children与teach之间为被动关系，故填are
taught。
18．The
machine
is
working
again
because
though
it
broke
down
yesterday,
it
________
(fix)
答案：has
been
fixed 句意：机器又开始工作了，虽然昨天坏了，但已经修好了。指现在已经被修好了，动作对现在的影响用现在完成时的被动语态，故填has
been
fixed。
19．According
to
a
plan,
Hainan
________(build)
into
a
tourism
and
consumption
destination
with
global
influence
by
2035.
答案：will
have
been
built 根据时间状语by
2035可知，用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用将来完成时的被动语态。故填will
have
been
built。
20．I
was
sitting
in
my
room
and
my
cat
Smartie
was
on
my
lap
when
the
roof
of
my
room
________
(blow)
away.
答案：was
blown 此处考查固定句型was/were
doing
sth
...
when
...
“过去正在做某事，(突然)就……”，且主语the
roof
of
my
room和blow
away之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，又主语是单数，故填was
blown。
1．Chasing
the
Sea:
Lost
Among
the
Ghosts
of
Empire
in
Central
Asia
talks
about
a
road
trip
from
Tashkent
to
Karakalpakstan,
where
millions
of
lives
________
(have
been
destroyed,
was
destroyed)
by
the
slow
drying
up
of
the
sea.
答案：have
been
destroyed 《追逐大海：迷失在中亚帝国的鬼魂中》谈论从塔什干到卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦的公路旅行，那里数百万人的生命因海水的缓慢干涸而被毁。结合句意，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have
been
destroyed。
2．The
landing
of
a
spacecraft
on
the
far
side
of
the
moon
excites
scientists,
because
it
means
we
have
the
chance
to
obtain
information
about
how
the
moon
________
(constructed,
is
constructed)．
答案：is
constructed 此处是宾语从句，谓语construct与主语the
moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知，此处应使用一般现在时，主语the
moon是单数，故填is
constructed。
3．It
________
(had
been
known,
knows)
for
a
long
time
that
Yellowstone
was
volcanic
in
nature—that's
what
accounted
for
all
its
hot
springs
and
other
steamy
features.
答案：had
been
known 根据后面的was，且know发生在过去之前的动作，用过去完成时；且此处意为“这件事被人们知道”，故填had
been
known。
4．He
________
(had
been
tortured,
had
tortured)
by
the
illness
for
many
years
before
he
died.
答案：had
been
tortured 句意：他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。根据句意和时间状语可知，时态是过去完成时，此处应用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had
been
tortured。
5．The
title
is
very
important
because
it
tells
you
the
main
idea
of
the
graph
by
stating
what
kind
of
information
________
(is
being
shown,
is
shown)．
答案：is
being
shown 此处意为“这种信息正在被展示”，同时information不可数，故填is
being
shown。
6．Alzheimer's
disease
________
(is
recognized,
recognized)
as
the
most
common
mental
disease
among
older
people,
and
the
number
of
sufferers
is
growing.
答案：is
recognized 句意：阿尔茨海默症被认为是老年人中最常见的精神疾病，而且患者的数量还在不断增加。be
recognized
as
“被认为”，固定搭配。故填is
recognized。
7．Choosing
a
career
is
important
because
most
of
the
time
in
our
lives
________
(is
spent,
spent)
at
work.
答案：is
spent 句意：选择职业很重要，因为我们一生中的大部分时间都花在工作上。此句是在表达一种一般性的看法，应使用一般现在时。most
of
the
time作主语，与spend之间是被动关系，因此谓语动词应使用单数形式及被动语态。故填is
spent。
8．Delete
the
short
message
at
once!
Many
a
man
________
(have
been
cheated,
has
been
cheated)
by
such
tricks
up
to
now.
答案：has
been
cheated 句意：立即删除短消息！到目前为止，许多人都被这种把戏欺骗了。句子中Many
a
man作主语，后面的谓语动词用单数形式，且和谓语动词cheat之间构成被动关系，再根据时间状语up
to
now，应用现在完成时态的被动语态。故填has
been
cheated。
9．No
decision
________
(will
be
made,
will
make)
about
any
future
appointment
until
all
the
candidates
have
been
interviewed.
答案：will
be
made 主语是decision和动词make是动宾关系，所以用被动式，根据后面的about
any
future
appointment可知，动作未发生，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will
be
made。
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．They
decide
to
have
more
workers
for
the
project
______________________
(这样就不会耽搁)．
答案：so
that
it
won't
be
delayed
2．In
the
study
before
the
film
began,
______________________________
(每个妇女都被要求)
to
help
herself
to
a
snack.
答案：each
woman
was
asked
3．A
song
called
Don't
Laugh
at
Me
described
____________________________________
(各种被欺负的人)
and
how
much
it
hurt.
答案：a
variety
of
people
who
had
been
bullied
4．It
is
reported
that
his
new
book
_____________
(将被那家公司出版)
next
year.
答案：will
be
published
by
that
company
5．Regardless
of
the
weather,
____________
(新闻发布会仍将按时举行)．
答案：the
press
conference
will
be
held
on
time
6．Held
every
year
on
April
22,
______________________
(地球日被创立)
US
politician
Gaylord
Nelson,
aiming
to
give
a
voice
to
people
who
wanted
environmental
protection.
答案：Earth
Day
was
created
by
7．At
university,
__________________________
(你将由讲师和教授进行授课)
who
may
be
leading
experts
in
their
fields.
答案：you
will
be
taught
by
lecturers
and
professors
8．Pursuing
a
patent
would
have
meant
______________
(这项技术将被保密)
for
a
long
period
of
time.
答案：the
technique
would
be
kept
secret
9．___________________________
(将会建立一个特别的科学家委员会)
to
study
AI's
effects
on
economy
in
the
years
ahead.
答案：A
special
committee
of
scientists
will
be
established
10．It's
not
a
new
phenomenon,
__________________________(但是你注意到有多少名词被用作动词了吗)?
答案：but
have
you
noticed
how
many
nouns
are
being
used
as
verbs
11．On
the
first
school
day,
________________
(校长告诉我们)
that
the
best
way
to
earn
respect
was
to
work
hard
and
achieve
high
grades.
答案：we
were
told
by
the
headmaster
12．Her
friends
had
been
fired
from
the
school.
_________
(我们受雇于他们的位置)
and
that
was
enough
for
her
to
have
nothing
to
do
with
us.
答案：We
had
been
employed
in
their
places
13．At
the
same
time
that
we
share
our
personal
information,
there
is
a
growing
concern
with
_______________________
(这些信息如何被收集、存储、使用和共享)．
答案：how
that
information
is
being
gathered,
stored,
used
and
shared
14．)____________________________
(当脂肪和肉从食物中去除时),
the
food
tastes
as
if
it's
missing
something.
答案：When
fat
and
meat
are
removed
from
food
15．China
Harbin's
winter
is
for
the
brave
ones—the
average
temperature
is1．8°
F—_________________________
(但那些勇敢地面对寒冷的人们将被奖励)
by
experiencing
one
of
the
world's
largest
winter
festivals.
答案：but
those
who
brave
the
cold
will
be
rewarded
