(共44张PPT)
外研小学起点
初二(下)
Module 1
Unit 3
Language in use
1. 组成句子的成分叫句子成分。
2. 在句子中, 词与词之间有一定的组合关系, 按照不同的关系, 可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。
3. 句子成分由词或词组充当。
句子成分
4. 英语的基本成分有六种: 主语(subject), 谓语(predicate), 表语(predicative), 宾语(object), 定语(attribute)和状语(adverbial)。
主 语
1. 主语是一个句子的主题, 也是句子的主体, 表示句子主要说明的人或事物。
2. 它的位置一般在句首。
一般由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词、短语或句子等充当。
e.g. The meeting will begin at 9:00. (名词)
We study in No. 1 Middle School.(代词)
Smoking is bad for you. (动名词)
谓 语
谓语是说明主语的动作或状态。 一般放在主语之后。
2. 谓语一般是由动词或连系动词+表 语担当。
3. 谓语必须和主语在“人称”和“数”上 保持一致。
e.g. We work hard. (动词）
Mike likes his new book.
His parents are teachers.
(连系动词+表语)
She is reading.
表 语
1. 表语是表述主语的特征、状态或身份等。
2. 表语位于连系动词之后, 二者构成系表结构, 即合成谓语。
3. 表语由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词、短语或句子等充当。
e.g. Her brother is a driver.(名词)
Are you ready (形容词)
We were at home last night.
(介词短语)
This book is mine, not yours. (代词)
The film is exciting. (现在分词)
宾 语
1. 宾语表示动作、行为的对象。
2. 只有及物动词可带宾语, 有些不及物动词加上介词或副词也可带宾语。
3. 由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、 短语或句子担当。
e.g. He often helps me. (代词)
We study English at school. (名词)
If you add 5 to 5, you get 10. (数词)
Remember to buy some stamps.
(动词不定式)
He likes making you laugh. (动名词)
He said, “You are wrong.” (句子)
Do you understand what I mean (从句)
宾语补足语
位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系, 它们一起构成复合宾语。
1. 名词/代词宾格 + 名词：
The war made him a soldier.
2. 名词/代词宾格 + 形容词：
Please keep the room clean.
3. 名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语：
I often find him at work.
4. 名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式：
The teacher ask the students to close the windows.
5. 名词/代词宾格 + 分词：
I saw a cat running across the road.
状 语
状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句, 说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。用作状语的通常是副词。
1) 副词 (短语) 作状语：
The boy needs a pen very much.
(程度状语)
The boy needs a pen now. (时间状语)
2) 介词短语作状语：
In the classroom, the boy needs a pen. (地点状语)
Before his mother, Tom is always a boy. (条件状语)
On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom. (时间状语)
3) 不定式作状语:
The boy needs a pen to do his homework. (目的状语)
4) 名词作状语:
Come this way! (方向状语)
定 语
1. 定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子的句子成分。
2. 定语有前置定语和后置定语。
3. 充当定语的词有:
形容词、名词、代词、数词、名词所 有格、方位副词、不定式、动词的-ing形式、过去分词和从句等。
e.g. Tom is a handsome boy.
(形容词作定语 )
His name is Tom. (代词作定语)
The boy in blue is Tom.
(介词短语作定语)
There is nothing to do today.
(不定式作定语)
英语五种基本句型列式如下:
基本句型一: S V (主＋谓）
基本句型二: S V P (主＋系＋表)
基本句型三: S V O (主＋谓＋宾)
基本句型四: S V O O (主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾)
基本句型五: S V O C (主＋谓＋宾＋宾补)
Complete Sentence b with the same meaning as a.
e.g. a) I saw him. He was playing
the violin.
b) I saw him playing the violin.
1. a) When I hear that song, I feel happy.
b) That song always makes ________ .
2. a) He found a wallet. The wallet was lying on the road.
b) He found ______________________.
me happy
a wallet lying on the road
3. a) When my mother has too much housework, I often help her.
b) I often help _____________________.
4. a) Parents often say: “Children should be polite.”
b) Parents often ask ________________
my mother do housework
children to be polite.
Put the words and phrases in the correct order to make sentences. (Activity 1)
Answers:
1. ________________________________
________________________________
2. ________________________________
3. ________________________________
I bought my mother a new book for
her birthday.
She showed me her stamp collection.
I often watch sport on TV.
4. _______________________________
5. _______________________________
6. _______________________________
7. _______________________________
8. _______________________________
9. _______________________________
I’m a writer.
I read a lot.
My father wanted me to be a musician.
I heard her sing.
There are lots of fans in the museum.
I’m playing the piano.
Complete the sentences with the words
and expressions in Activity 3.
Answers:
1. _____________ 2. ______________
3. _____________ 4. ______________
5. _____________ 6. ______________
7. _____________ 8. ______________
because
as a result
as well as
such as
tidy up
look after
spend; in
come out
Complete the passage with the words
and expressions in Activity 5.
Answers:
1. ________ 2. _________ 3. _______
4. ________ 5. _________ 6. ________
7. ________ 8. _________ 9. ________
tidying up
hobbies
As a result
stamps
such as
fan
model
tickets
collection
Look at the picture in Activity 4. What activities does it show
Activities: cycling; painting; making model; looking after animals; reading
Discuss with your partner.
1. Which are the most creative
2. Which of them do you think you have
the skills for
3. Which is the most useful skill to learn
4. Which do you think would be the most
interesting for teenagers to do
Read the words and expressions in Activity 6. Fill them in the table.
Sports
Collection
Others
climbing
swimming
tennis
volleyball
dolls
fans
models
stamps
tickets
camping
growing vegetables
looking after animals
painting
taking photos
Activity 7
Listen and choose the best answer.
Answers:
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. _____
4. ______ 5. ______
b
a
c
c
a
Read the passage about “ Historical
hobbies” and complete the sentences.
1. English people have a hobby and
they like to live in the way that
__________________.
people lived long ago
2. Some people in England ___________
_______ people wore in the past.
3. At the ________, they live in the way that people did in the past.
4. From this hobby, English people can __________________ in the past.
dress in the
clothes
learn a lot about life
weekend
Why do you think people do this
Would they like to do it
Is there anything like this in China
Imagine a person, or tell about a real person if you know. Describe how strange and how special his hobby is.
Now if you want to make a survey about others’ hobbies, what questions do you want to ask Discuss in groups and try to make a questionnaire.
Make a hobby questionnaire!
Topic Question Answer 1 Answer 2
Sport
Book
Country
Food
Technology
Transport
Do the survey and make notes.
Think about what kind of information
might be interesting to find out. e.g.
Which hobbies teenagers really don’t
like or which hobbies you all like.
Write up your results and present them
with charts and tables to us.
1. You can’t work all the time. You need a h_____ to relax, for example, listening to music.
2. After you have finished cooking, you must t___ everything up.
请根据句意及所给首字母提示补全所缺单词。
idy
obby
3. I like this book. It is full of u_____ information.
4. Which a ______do you like better, playing volleyball or swimming
5. I saw many ships s_____ in the sea.
ailing
seful
ctivity
Translate the phrases.
1) 将来 _____________
2) 结果 _____________
3) 山地自行车运动 _______________
4) 出版 ______________
5) 例如 ______________
in the future
as a result
mountain biking
come out
such as
6) 试图做某事____________
7) 整理 _______
8) 同......一样__________
9) 空闲时间 ________
10) 照顾 ___________
try to do sth.
tidy up
as well as
free time
look after
1. 主语+系动词+表语
2. 主语+谓语+状语
请根据所给句子结构分别写出一个英文例句。
The film is fantastic.
She gets up early every morning.
3. 主语+谓语+宾语
4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
5. 主语+谓语+宾语+补语
Miss Wang teaches Chinese.
My father bought me a new bike.
I often help my father wash his car.
Thank you for listening!
