Unit 4 Earthquakes

Unit 4 words and expressions
earthquake n. 地震
A terrible earthquake hit/struck Sichuan on May 12.
right away 立刻，马上
He didn’t answer my question right away.
well
adv. Everything is going well. 好
adj. I don’t feel very well. 健康，身体好
n. The water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. 井
smelly adj. 发臭的，有臭味的 n.& v. ______
dirt n.污垢，泥土 adj. _________
wind(n.)—(adj.)_______ rain(n.)--(adj.)_______
sun(n.)-- (adj.)_________ cloud(n.)--(adj.)_________
health(n.) -- (adj.)_________ dust(n.) -- (adj.)_________
5. burst vi. ( burst, burst)
burst into + n.
burst out + doing 突然…起来
他突然笑起来。
He burst into laughter.
………….. out laughing.
他突然哭起来。
6. million n. 百万 billion n. 十亿
1) million, billion前有具体数字，不能用复数。
2) millions of/ billions of 大量，许多
He earned ten million dollars last year.
Every year millions of cars are sold.
7. event n. 事件；大事
event/incident/accident
1) event 指具有很大影响力的国内的、国际的或历史上的事件，也可指运动会的比赛项目。
The founding of the People’s Republic of China is a great event in the history of mankind.
How many events will be held in this sports meeting
2) incident 指不重要的小事件、插曲、争端，有时指引起战争的事变。
There was a shooting incident near here last night.
3) accident 指偶然发生的事件或意外事故。
He was seriously injured in the car accident.
8 . as if 似乎,好像
1）引导方式状语从句, 相当于 as though
2）常接从句或to do 形式
It looks as if Tom is not coming today.
He talks as if he knew everything.
He opened his mouth as if to say something.
The man suddenly stopped and looked as if _____ whether he was going in the right direction.
A. seeing B. to see
C. to have seen D. having seen
9. at an end 结束，终结 The war was at an end.
come to an end 结束 The war finally came to an end.
bring…to an end 结束 The agreement brought the war to an end.
put an end to …结束The agreement put an end to the war.
end up 最终成为；最后处于
If you go on like this, you’ll end up in prison.
10. nation n.民族；国家；国民
national adj. 民族的；国家的；国民的 a national flag
international adj. 国际的 an international airport
nationality n. 国籍；少数民族
11. ruin > destroy> damage
1) ruin v. 破坏严重以致不能修复，强调使该物的使用价值发生了变化。
The bad weather ruined our trip.
n. in ruins 成为废墟， 破败不堪
The earthquake left the city in ruins.
2) destroy v. 破坏以致不能修复,可指希望,计划
The earthquake destroyed the city on May 12th.
n. destruction
3) damage v.&n. 部分破坏，损害，可修复
Smoking seriously damages your health.
12. injure/harm/wound/hurt 伤害
1) injure vt. 多指在意外事故中的伤害。
He was slightly/badly/seriously injured in the accident.
Soldiers carried an injured man to safety. 受伤的
n. injury
2) harm vt. & n. 可指精神或肉体上的伤害
As we know, smoking harms our health.
As we know, smoking do harm to our health.
3) wound vt.& n . 多指在暴力事件或战争中的伤害；伤，伤口
He was wounded in the arm in the war.
The nurse cleaned the wound.
the wounded 伤员，伤兵
4) hurt v. & n. 一般用语，用法广泛，主要指肉体上、心灵上和感情上的伤害。
He didn’t want to hurt her feelings.
13. useless adj. 无用的；无效的；无益的
homeless; careless; endless; helpless; hopeless; selfless; harmless
14. shock vt. 震惊；震动 n. 打击；震惊
I was shocked at the news of her death.
The news of her death was a shock to me.
15. rescue vt.& n. 营救；援救
They are rescuers, who do their best to search and rescue survivors , though the rescue work is hard.
16. trap vt. 使陷入困境 _________, ________ n. 陷阱；困境
The boy was trapped in ruins for many hours.
17. dig out 掘出；发现 dig ________, _________ , ________
The rescuers dug out those who were buried underground.
18. bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
She buried her face in her hands and wept.
be buried in sth.= bury oneself in sth. 埋头于，专心于
She buried herself in her books. = ______________________________ .
19. mine n. 矿；矿山；矿井 miner n. 矿工
reporter; officer; teenager; waiter; rescuer; commander; foreigner.
20. 1）只修饰可数名词复数的短语
a great/large number of
a great/good many (of)
a few
2）只修饰不可数名词的短语
a great deal of
a large amount of/ large amounts of
a little
3）既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词的短语
a lot of /lots of
a large quantity of /large quantities of
plenty of
注意：large amounts of/large quantities of+ un.作主语时谓语用复数
21. frighten vt. 使惊吓；吓唬
frightened adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的 frightening adj. 令人恐惧的
interested/ interesting; shocked / shocking; excited /exciting
relaxed / relaxing; bored / boring; tired / tiring.
22. congratulation n. 祝贺；贺词 （常用复数）
congratulate sb on sth.
celebrate sth
Congratulations on your exam results!
I congratulated them on their achievements.
celebrate Christmas/one’s birthday/ National Day
23. sincere --- sincerely adv. 真诚地；真挚地
gradually; frequently; fluently; actually; carefully; entirely; finally; officially; comfortably; possibly; truly
24. headline n. 报刊的大字标题
suitcase; overcoat; outdoors; highway; classroom; notebook; sunshine; playground; football.
25. cycle v.--- cyclist n.骑自行车的人
scientist; artist; violinist; pianist; tourist; dentist; biologist
1. The houses and buildings are ________(破败不堪，废墟) after the terrible earthquake.
2. The road and the bridge are _________ (损坏，损毁) badly in the earthquake.
3. The boy _______ (损害，伤害) in the earthquake.
4. Soldiers carried an ________ (受伤的) man to safety.
5. The boy was _________ (使陷入困境) in ruins for many hours.
6. The soldiers are searching for the people who are ______ (埋葬，掩藏) underground.
7. The rescuers _______ (挖出，挖掘) those who are buried underground.
8. They are ________(救援者), who do their best to search and ______ (救援，营救) survivors ,though the ________ (救援，营救) work is hard.
9. The boy, a _______ (幸存者, 生还者), showed honor to the soldiers who saved his life.
10. The boy _______ (幸存) the earthquake.
11. The survivors need _________ (遮蔽物，避身处), such as tents, to protect themselves.
Typhoon Morakot hit Taiwan on Aug,8. Immediately, it ________hundreds of roads, bridges and dams, leaving thousands of people_______ and more than 600 people killed. A great number of houses and buildings were_______. Typhoon was so strong that people were shocked and before they realized what had happened, they were ______ in the flood. The government sent out rescue workers to _______those who ________ Typhoon. Unfortunately, when the rescuers ______ the bodies, most of them had died and they had to _____them. Lots of tents were set up for______. It is said that it is the worst _________in the past 100 years.Unit 4 vocabulary
一．教学目标
1．学着按照一定的音节、字母组合读单词
2．重点词汇的用法
二、教学重点和难点
1．重点：burst, as if, ruin> destroy > damage, a great number of
2. 有词形变化的词
三、教学步骤
Step1. Ss’ speech (3’)
One sentence, some new words
目的：积累词汇， 锻炼口语
Step 2. New words (15’)
学着按照一定的音节、字母组合读单词
目的：养成按照字母组合识记单词的习惯
Step 3. Important words (18’)
目的：掌握基础知识，为练习作准备。
burst/ as if/ ruin, destroy, damage/a number of
Step 4. Revision
目的：强化巩固已学知识
反思：______________________________________________________________________________________________________________(共35张PPT)
The Attributive Clause
（non-restrictive)
1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
限制性定语从句(restrictive
非限制性定语从句（ non-　　　　　restrictive ）
The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。
His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。
｛
定语从句
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句都是修饰名词和代词的一种从句，两者虽然性质相同，但在意义上和用法上有许多不同。
　　1.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种定语从句和主句的关系十分密切，书写时不用逗号分开。例如：
　　I was the only person in my office who was invited. 我是办公室里唯一受到邀请的人。
　　He has found the hammer that he was looking for.他找到了他正在寻找的那把锤子。
2.非限制性定语从句同主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作附加或补充的说明，不起限制的作用，如果省去，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。
例如说“He has two brothers.”时，句意已经很明确了，但若要进一步说明“two brothers”的情况，可以在其后面加上 who live in Guilin 或 who can speak English 等非限制性定语从句。故非限制性定语从句仅仅是对意思已经相当明确的先行词加以补充说明，不起限制的作用。这类定语从句在书写时大多用逗号与主句分开。例如：
　　Last week I met John, who seemed to be very excited.上星期我见到了约翰，他好像很兴奋。
　　The project, which lasted two years, cost five million dollars. 这项工程历时两年，耗资五百万美元。
3.非限制性定语从句对所谈及的人或事物只提供进一步的说明或解释，它形式上是一个从句，但在功能上相当于一个分句，在意义上相当于一个状语，故可根据其句意改为并列句或状语从句。例如：
　　The meeting, which was held in the park, was attended by 1000 people.
→The meeting was attended by 1000 people, and it was held in the park. 那次会议有一千人参加，它是在公园里举行的。
　　I don't like the boy, who is very lazy.
→I don't like the boy, since he is very lazy. 我不喜欢这个男孩, (因为)他太懒惰了。
4.关系代词 who，whom，which 在限制性定语从句中作动词的宾语时往往可以省略，但在非限制性定语从句中不能省略。值得注意的是，关系代词 that 可引导限制性定语从句，但一般不可引导非限制性定语从句。例如：
　　I know the man (whom) you mean. 我认识你指的那个人。
　　I happened to meet Li Hong, whom I didn't recognize at once. 我碰巧遇到李红，但并没有马上认出她来。
　　These are the pictures (that / which) I took in Guilin.这些是我在桂林拍的照片。
　　These apple trees, which I planted three years ago, have not borne any fruit.这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。(不可将 which 改为 that)
5.限制性定语从句对先行词起限制的作用，非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明的作用，故两者的意义往往有别。例如：
　　His brother, who is eighteen years old, is a PLA man.
他的哥哥是个解放军战士，现今十八岁。
(说明他只有一个哥哥)
　　His brother who is eighteen years old is a PLA man.
他那个十八岁的哥哥是位解放军。
(说明他还有别的哥哥)
　　
All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.
那里所有的书都是他写的, 书里附有漂亮的插图。
(说明那里没有除他以外的人写的书)
　　All the books there which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.
那里所有附插图的书都是他写的。
(暗示没有附插图的书不是他写的)
选择最佳答案。
1. Can you think of anyone _______ could look after him a bit for the next few days
　　A. that B. which C. whom D. /
2. In Britain he had come across a painter _______ nobody else had heard of.
　　A. which B. where C. with whom D. /
3. Sunday is a holiday, _______ people do not go to work.
　A. on which B. on when C. in which D. where
4. Yesterday was one of the coldest days _______ I have ever known.
　A. which B. when C. who D. that
5. I am off to St. James Park,_______ I have to give a lecture on the Theatre.
　A. when B. there C. where D. which
6. I did this at nine o'clock, and _______ I sat sometimes reading the paper.
　　A. after doing it B. after which
C. after while D. when
7. She was very fond of speaking French, _______ indeed she spoke very well.
　A. that 　B. where 　C. which　　 D. /
8. She had two new cars, _______ was made in Japan.
A. one B. which
C. and one of which D. and one of them
9. My new car, _______ I paid several thousand pounds _______ , is not running well.
A. which; for B. that; for C. which; / D. what; with
10. His son, _______ he was devoted, was living abroad.
　A. whom B. to whom C. to which D. that
非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：
一、 非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。如： 1. I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我喜欢这本书，这是昨天买的。 2. I like the book which / that was bought yesterday. 我喜欢昨天买的那本书。
二、 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导。要用for which代替why。
如： 1. I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting. 我已经把理由告诉了他们，为此我没有去开会。 2. I had told them the reason why I didn't attend the meeting. 我告诉了他们我不去开会的理由。(限制性定语从句“the reason why...”是常见搭配。)
三、 非限制性定语从句置于句首时，不能用which引导。关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活，可以放主句前，也可以放主句后。
如： 1. As I expected, he didn't believe me. 正如我所预料的，他不相信我。 2. She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth. 她听到一个可怕的声音，这让她把心都提到嗓子眼了。
四、 非限制性定语从句由“介词+关系代词”引导时，其中的关系代词不能用as。
如： 1. He bought the car for more than $20,000, with which his father was angry. 他花两万多美元买了这辆车，他父亲对此很生气。 2. I finished my work ahead of time, after which I sat some time reading the newspaper. 我提前干完了我的活，随后我坐着看了一会儿报纸。
五、 在非限制性定语从句中，指人的关系代词作宾语时，只能用宾格whom; 不能用who替换，也不能省略。
如： 1. Do you know Tom, whom we talked about 你认识汤姆吗 我们谈到过他。 　　2. This book, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you all the information you need. 这本书会给你提供所有你需要的资料，它在任何一家书店都能买到。(非限制性定语从句中引导词在从句中作宾语，无论指人还是指物都不能省略。)
六． Which可指前面整个句子。
The sun sends out light and heat, which makes it possible for living things to exist on the earth. 　　太阳发出光和热，这使得生物能够在地球上生存。
His father is an engineer, ____ makes him very proud.
　　　Ａ．for what 　　　Ｂ. which 　　
　　　Ｃ. that 　　　　　　　Ｄ. what
2.The weather turned out to be very good, ___was more than we could expect. A. when　 B. which　
C. that　 D. it
which可代替句子, 用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可。that 不能用于非限定性定语从句, it不为连词,使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。
B
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式上 不用逗号“ ，”与主句隔开 用逗号“ ，”与主句隔开
意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。
译法上 译成先行词的定语：“…的 ” 通常译成主句的并列句
关系词的使用上 1. 作宾语时可省略 1. 不可省略
2. 可用that 2. 不用that
3. 可用who 代替whom 3. 不可用who 代替whom
“介词+关系代词”型定语从句考点
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。
注意：１． 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介 词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。 ２．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。 ３．“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。
This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for.
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life. 迄今为止，他写了１０部小说，其中３部是关于农村生活的。
简单介词+关系代词 用于此结构的关系代词指人时只能用whom, 指物时只能用which；介词选择的依据主要是根据从句中的动词、形容词、名词与介词的固定搭配而定；或者以先行词与从句中的动词关系及所表达的含义而定；或者以先行词在定语从句中的作用和含义而定，并且含有介词的短语动词不能拆开，介词仍然放在动词之后。
(2004全国卷) The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _______ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which
C. from which D. for which
解析：关系代词which指代the journey, 定语从句恢复为独立的句子是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days.故答案选A。
2. (2004全国卷) The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which
解析：本句主句部分应是The English play at the New Year's party was a great success.从句补全为独立的句子是:My students acted in the play. 故答案选C。
3. (2004上海卷) American women usually identify their best friend as someone _______ they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom
解析：先行词为someone,被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talk with 的宾语，介词with 可以放在关系代词之前，identify...as...意为“把……当作……”，故答案选D。
the+ 名词+of+关系代词 知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词只有which。该结构表示所有关系, 口语中常用“whose + 名词”代替。非正式文体中可以用“of which the +名词”。
高考考例： (2000上海) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which
C. its price D. the price of whose
表示部分的词语＋of＋关系代词 　　知识归纳：此时，指人的关系代词只能是whom, 指物的关系代词只能是which。表示部分的词语常见的有：不定代词all, both, none, neither, either, some, any, 数词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数)；数词+名词；the +最高级/比较级，以及表示数目或数量的词语many, most, few, several, enough, half a, a quarter。
(2004湖北卷) There are two buildings, ________
stands nearly a hundred feet high.
A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which
解析：答案为D。the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings; B选项缺少一个连词。
2. (2004辽宁卷) The factory produces half a million
pairs of shoes every year, 80% _______ are sold
abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that
解析：答案为A。80% of which指代的是80% of the shoes。本题意为：这家工厂每年生产的50万双鞋子有80%都是销往国外的。
Yesterday Mr. Li finally bought his own
house, _______ is a hospital. A. in where B. to the east of which C. to the east of it D. in the east of that
2. My brother's purse, _______ he put ￥1,000,
was missing on the bus. A. there B. which C. in which D. that
3. The football match _______ the students competed yesterday was very wonderful. A. in which B. which C. in that D. that
4. The reason _______ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour. A. which B. in which
C. for which D. of which
5. His glasses, _______ he could see nothing, was taken away by a naughty boy. A. which B. without which
C. with which D. without those
6. The computer, _______ he paid ￥3,000, was once owned by his uncle. A. which B. for which C. that D. to that
7. In the past we lost many chances, _______ we paid little attention. A. which B. that C. in which D. to which
8. The pen, _______ I had been writing for ten years, was broken. A. with which B. with that C. as D. with it
9. Mary has two brothers, ________ are doctors. A. both of they B. both of whom
C. both of them D. whom of both
10. The problem _______ you argued about yesterday has been solved. A. that B. what C. why D. for which
11. My aunt bought me a book, the name _______ I have forgotten. A. of it B. which C. whose D. of which
12. On the way home I met my friend John, from _______ home the thief had stolen a computer. A. whom B. which C. that D. whose
13. I hate the way _______ you talk to your mother. A. by which B. on which C. in which D. which
14. At last we found the hole in the wall _______ the mouse got into the house last night. A. in which B. which
C. through which D. by which
15. Last night we saw two movies, _______ was interesting. A. both of which B. neither of which C. both of them D. neither of them
16. I used to live in a house, ____ grew a tall tree.
A. in front of it B. in front of which
C. in the front of which D. in front of that
17. The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. when B. during that C. in which D. whichUnit 4 reading
教学目的
帮助学生找到主题句及其出现的位置
帮助学生学习文章的细节
教学重点、难点
The details of the text
The main idea of each paragraph
教学步骤
Step 1. Ss’ speech
Step 2. Revision and lead in
Recite some sentences about signs before an earthquake
The meaning of the title “A night the earth didn’t sleep”
目的：锻炼口语表达能力；为reading作准备。
Step 3. Pre-reading
Give some pictures about natural disasters to lead in earthquakes.
(mudslide, tsunami, typhoon, volcanoes, hurricanes, earthquakes…)
目的：激活学生思维，为reading作准备。
Step 4. Reading
Skimming: What does the passage mainly talk about
Summary: the main idea of each paragraph (use one word to describe)
signs, damage, rescue
目的：帮助学生提高总结段落大意的能力，注意文章中topic sentences 出现的位置。
Paragraph 1. Signs
Read the first passage
Give Ss five pictures, and then fill in the blanks.
A lesson get from the first paragraph: Small incidents foretell big events.
Paragraph 2&3. Damage
Read the second passage
Fill in the two charts: the damage to many things and some data
Summary: After the earthquake, nearly everything was destroyed.
Paragraph 4. Rescue/survive
Read the fourth paragraph
According to some pictures, retell the rescue work
Summary: There is still hope, and life is strong
Step 5. Post-reading
Give another title for the passage
Step 6. Homework
Find out attributive clause sentences.
Find out phrases
反思：
________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________(共14张PPT)
burst
as if
ruin, destroy, damage
a great number of
revision
earthquakes
1
2
3
4
earthquake
2 ground
1 building
lay in ruins
was destroyed
had deep cracks
4 dam
dams fell
3 railway track
became useless pieces
of steel
animals
people
water pipes
sky
others
place
time
scale
the injured
the dead
Tangshan
Wenchuan
July 28, 1976
May 12, 2008
7.8
about 242,000
about 360,000
8.0
about 370,000
about 87,000
Tangshan before the earthquake
抗震纪念碑广场
new Tangshan
Wenchuan before the earthquake
new Wenchuan
San Francisco
San Francisco
San Francisco lies in northern California and is surrounded on three sides by water. At 5:13 on the morning of April 18th, 1906, the city was shaken by a terrible earthquake. A great part of the city was destroyed and a large number of buildings were burnt. The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250,000. About 700 people died in the earthquake and the fires.
Signs before an earthquake
sky
2. the well ; the water
3. chickens; dogs; pigs；cows
4. fish; mice
1) Bright light flash in the sky.
2) The well has deep cracks in it, and the water in it rises and falls.
3) Chickens are flying and dogs are barking, and pigs and cows are too nervous to eat.
4) Fish jump out of the pond, and mice run wildly out of the fields.Unit 4 vocabulary
一．教学目标
1．学着按照一定的音节、字母组合读单词
2．重点词汇的用法
二、教学重点和难点
1．重点：burst, as if, ruin> destroy > damage, a great number of
2. 有词形变化的词
三、教学步骤
Step1. Ss’ speech (3’)
One sentence, some new words
目的：积累词汇， 锻炼口语
Step 2. New words (15’)
学着按照一定的音节、字母组合读单词
目的：养成按照字母组合识记单词的习惯
Step 3. Important words (18’)
目的：掌握基础知识，为练习作准备。
burst/ as if/ ruin, destroy, damage/a number of
Step 4. Revision
目的：强化巩固已学知识
反思：______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 4 warming up
教学目的
Learn some signs before an earthquke
Improve Ss’ speaking ability
教学重点和难点
Some signs before an earthquake
三、教学步骤
Step 1. Ss’ speech (3’)
Step 2. Revision (5’)
Step 3. Warming up (25’)
When we mention an earthquake, what words can you think of
目的: 通过brainstorm, 锻炼学生的发散思维能力,学生会有五花八门的答案,如 terrible, Tangshan, Wenchuan, loss…
Some details about earthquake in Tangshan and Wenchuan.
Fill in a form.
Introduction to the earthquake in San Francisco
目的：通过了解地震的毁灭性破坏，帮助我们认识这个道理：如能认识地震前的预兆，就能减少或避免不必要的损失。为下一环节作铺垫。
Learn some signs before an earthquake.
Sky--bright light flash
The well—cracks, The water---falls and rises
Chickens---flying, dogs---barking
Pigs and cows---too nervous to eat
Fish---jump mice---run
目的: 锻炼学生的观察能力, 口语表达能力. 在内容上为reading作准备.
反思：
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Unit 4 reading
教学目的
帮助学生找到主题句及其出现的位置
帮助学生学习文章的细节
教学重点、难点
The details of the text
The main idea of each paragraph
教学步骤
Step 1. Ss’ speech
Step 2. Revision and lead in
Recite some sentences about signs before an earthquake
The meaning of the title “A night the earth didn’t sleep”
目的：锻炼口语表达能力；为reading作准备。
Step 3. Pre-reading
Give some pictures about natural disasters to lead in earthquakes.
(mudslide, tsunami, typhoon, volcanoes, hurricanes, earthquakes…)
目的：激活学生思维，为reading作准备。
Step 4. Reading
Skimming: What does the passage mainly talk about
Summary: the main idea of each paragraph (use one word to describe)
signs, damage, rescue
目的：帮助学生提高总结段落大意的能力，注意文章中topic sentences 出现的位置。
Paragraph 1. Signs
Read the first passage
Give Ss five pictures, and then fill in the blanks.
A lesson get from the first paragraph: Small incidents foretell big events.
Paragraph 2&3. Damage
Read the second passage
Fill in the two charts: the damage to many things and some data
Summary: After the earthquake, nearly everything was destroyed.
Paragraph 4. Rescue/survive
Read the fourth paragraph
According to some pictures, retell the rescue work
Summary: There is still hope, and life is strong
Step 5. Post-reading
Give another title for the passage
Step 6. Homework
Find out attributive clause sentences.
Find out phrases
反思：
________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Unit 4 careful reading
教学目的
掌握文章中出现的定语从句的用法
熟记固定短语
教学重点、难点
The attributive clause sentences
rise/raise, leave, smell, 主谓一致和部分否定
教学步骤
Step 1. Ss’ speech
Step 2. Reading
Important phrases
According to Chinese find out the phrases
不把…当回事 think little/nothing of
像往常一样 as usual
结束，终结 at an end
似乎，好像 as if
破败不堪，成为废墟in ruins
受伤be injured
消失be gone
像…一样强壮/强烈as strong as
数十万的…hundreds of thousands of
发现,掘出dig out
死者the dead
Read the phrases together
Language points
Find out the attributive clauses and analysis them
Ask one after another student to read the paragraphs
Show important sentences and analysis them
Paragraph 1:
1. rise vi. rose, risen
1) As we know, the sun rises in the east.
2) Prices have risen quickly.
3) The injured man couldn’t rise by himself.
4) He always rises early.
raise vt. raised, raised
1) raise one’s hand
2) raise one’s voice
3) raise money
4) raise questions
5) raise a family
2. smell
1) 实义动词
smell the gas/the flowers
I can smell something burning.
2) 系动词
The dinner smells good. （不用被动）
分词作状语
Mice ran out of the fields ________ (look) for places to hide.
______ (give) a chance, I can surprise the world.
_______ (hear)the news, they got excited.
Not ________ (know) much English, I find it hard to understand him.
Paragraph 2:
leave
1) 使役动词
leave +宾语+ 宾补 (n./adj./prep./doing)
leave the door open
leave the children orphans / without parents
leave her waiting outside
2) 实义动词: 忘带，留下，离开
3) n. 假期，假 ask for leave a six-day leave
Paragraph 3:
主谓一致：分数/百分数/ half of/part of/ the rest of /a lot of/ plenty of + n.作主语
About three-fourths of the earth’s surface ____ (be)covered with water.
The rest of the books ______ (be) missing.
75% of the population in China ____ (be) farmers.
Paragraph 4:
部分否定：all, both, every, everyone, everything … not
目的：1. 进一步熟悉课文内容
2.熟悉并掌握定语从句的用法
3. 学习并练习某些知识点
Step 3. Consolidation (5’)
Show the sentences and read them together
目的：强化内容知识点，熟悉homework的内容
Step 4. Homework (2’)
Recite the important sentences
反思：
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Unit 4 grammar – the attributive clause
教学目的
学习定语从句中关系代词的功能作用
教学重点、难点
定语从句中关系代词的功能作用
教学步骤
Step 1．Ss’ speech (3’)
Step 2. Check the homework (5’)
Step 3. Lead—in (5’)
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy who is smiling is Tom.
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who has a round face is Tom.
The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me. The man who sits in front of me is Tom.
目的：通过例句，直观感受定语从句。
Step 4. The attributive clause ( 15’)
知道定语从句的基本内容及其分类
1） 定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2） 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3） 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
4）关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一成分。
2. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
3.that, which, who, whom在定从中所起的作用
熟记定语从句的特殊情况
that和which在指物时一般可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 用that而不用which ：
先行词是不定代词，如：all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much
I think she has something (that) you can read.
先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much，the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
先行词被序数词或最高级修饰或本身是序数词或最高级
This is the first book (that) he has read.
先行词既有人又有物时
I can remember the things and people (that) I visited in the village.
主句是以who /which开始的问句 Who is the girl that drove the car
关系代词在定语从句中作be表语时 She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago.
用which不用that :
关系代词前有介词时，(介词提前) This is the room in which we lived last year.
在非限制性定语从句中
Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.
先行词本身就是that What’s that which flashed in the sky just now
Step 5. Practice (10’)
Some exercises on ppt.
Step 6. Homework (3’)
Some exercises on page 29 2 and 3.
反思：
__________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Unit 4 Revision
教学目的: 重温单词、短语、句子和语法
教学重点、难点: 定语从句
三、教学步骤
Step 1. Ss’ speech (3’)
Step 2. Dictation (10’)
Words （20）
n. 地震 vi. 爆裂; 爆发 n.民族; 国家 adj. 极度的 vt.损害; 伤害
vt. 破坏; 毁坏(-ed) adj. 无用的; 无益的 vt.& vi. (使)震惊; 震动
n.& vt. 营救; 援救 (-ing) vt.使陷入困境(-ed); n.陷阱 n. 灾难; 灾祸
vt. 埋葬 n.矿山; 矿井 n. 避身处 n. 标题 n. 裁判员; 法官
vt. 表示; 表达n. 大纲; 要点n.骑自行车的人
Phrases （13）
立刻马上/ 许多大量的/ 不把…当回事/ 像往常一样/ 似乎，好像/破败不堪，成为废墟/
受伤/消失/像…一样强壮强烈/成百上千的,数十万的/发现,掘出/死者
3. Sentences
1. It is always calm before a storm.
2. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
3. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.
4. The one million people of the city, who thought little of the events, were asleep as usual that night.
5. It seemed as if the world was at an end.
6. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.
7. Water, food and electricity were hard to get.
8. All hope was not lost.
Step 3. Fill in the blanks (10’)
1. We were ________ (震惊)at their terrible working conditions.
2. The school was completely _________(毁坏)by the fire.
3. Thousands of people were _______ (受困) under the ruins after the terrible earthquake.
4. When the earthquake happened, some of the ________ (援救)workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
5. –-- I’ve just passed my driving test!
---- ______________ (祝贺).
Step 4. Choose the right answers (15’)
Review the attributive clause
But the one million people of the city, _____ thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
It was felt in Beijing, ____ is more than two hundred kilometers away.
A huge crack ______ was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
The number of people ____ were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
Later that afternoon, another big quake ______ was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.
The army organized teams to dig out those _____ were trapped and to bury the dead.
Workers built shelters for survivors _____ homes had been destroyed.
Step 5. Homework (2’)
Preview the words of unit 5.
反思：
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit 4 grammar – the attributive clause
教学目的
学习定语从句中关系代词的功能作用
教学重点、难点
定语从句中关系代词的功能作用
教学步骤
Step 1．Ss’ speech (3’)
Step 2. Check the homework (5’)
Step 3. Lead—in (5’)
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy who is smiling is Tom.
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who has a round face is Tom.
The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me. The man who sits in front of me is Tom.
目的：通过例句，直观感受定语从句。
Step 4. The attributive clause ( 15’)
知道定语从句的基本内容及其分类
1） 定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2） 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3） 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
4）关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一成分。
2. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
3.that, which, who, whom在定从中所起的作用
熟记定语从句的特殊情况
that和which在指物时一般可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 用that而不用which ：
先行词是不定代词，如：all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much
I think she has something (that) you can read.
先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much，the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
先行词被序数词或最高级修饰或本身是序数词或最高级
This is the first book (that) he has read.
先行词既有人又有物时
I can remember the things and people (that) I visited in the village.
主句是以who /which开始的问句 Who is the girl that drove the car
关系代词在定语从句中作be表语时 She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago.
用which不用that :
关系代词前有介词时，(介词提前) This is the room in which we lived last year.
在非限制性定语从句中
Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.
先行词本身就是that What’s that which flashed in the sky just now
Step 5. Practice (10’)
Some exercises on ppt.
Step 6. Homework (3’)
Some exercises on page 29 2 and 3.
反思：
__________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________(共15张PPT)
Comprehensive learning
Warming up
Tangshan
1. Where does the city of Tangshan lie
2. Have you ever heard of the earthquake in
Tangshan
3. Do you know when the earthquake
happened
4. The Tangshan earthquake is really a great
disaster to the human being and it almost
destroyed the whole city. Do you know
how many people were injured and how
many died in this accident
Warming up
San Francisco
San Francisco
San Francisco lies in northern California and is surrounded on three sides by water. At 5:13 on the morning of April 18th, 1906, the city was shaken by a terrible earthquake. A great part of the city was destroyed and a large number of buildings were burnt. The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250,000. About 700 people died in the earthquake and the fires.
Tang Shan San Francisco
Location
When did the earthquake happen
How much was the city destroyed
How many people were injured
How many people died
What’s the reason for the earthquake
Listening: Part one
Make some notes about the listening:
Why earthquakes happen
Moving plates
Move and push
stop
earthquakes in some
countries
Moving plate
Moving plate
Push against each other
Plates movement
Answer key to Ex.1
1 T 2 T 3 F 4 F 5 F 6 T
Answer key to part 1 in Ex.2
1. Earthquakes happen when two moving plates
jump and push against each other.
2. California, Japan and China have a lot of
earthquakes because they are placed in
areas where different plates meet.
Listening prediction:
1. Do not build houses _________________ where ______________.
2. Make sure you build houses on ___________ rather than on ___________.
3. You must make the houses _____________. ______buildings will fall down and ________ ones may ____________.
A snake
A turtle
elephant
elephant
elephant
elephant
The earth
What shall we do when we don’t know how to express
Um, well, you know, let’s see and so on.
2. Body language
eye contact, smile, nod and so on.
Summary and homework
Use the mind map to list the words you have learned about the earthquakes, then preview the new words and enrich the mind map.
2. Read some articles and increase your knowledge about earthquakes.(共35张PPT)
The Attributive Clause
Oct. 2003
Made by Edward Liu
XiangYang No.1 High School
Learn the following
words and phrases:
the attributive clause
the restrictive clause
the non-restrictive clause
relative pronouns
relative adverbs
Li Hua is a student.
She is a girl.
She is 16.
Her dad is a teacher.
Her mother is a teacher,too.
She is our monitor.
She is very strict with us.
This makes us angry.
We all like her.
Combine the following sentences, using
attributive clause and some conjunctions.
Li Hua, a girl student of 16,
whose parents are both teachers ,
is our monitor. She is very strict
with us, which makes us angry,
but we all like her.
Zhang Manyu is a Chinese.
She is an actress.
She is famous.
She is from HongKong.
She acted many films.
HERO is one of the films.
Zhang Manyu , who is a famous Chinese
actress from HongKong, acted many films,
one of which is HERO.
apple
the red
the green
the small
the big
The apple which is red is mine.
The apple which is green is yours.
The apple which is red is small
The apple which is green is big.
the handsome
the tall
the strong
the clever
the naughty
boy
The boy is Tom.
The boy who is handsome is Tom.
The boy who is tall is Tom.
The boy who is strong is Tom
The boy who is clever is Tom
The boy who is naughty is Tom.
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.
The boy who is smiling is Tom.
(主语)
The boy who has a round face is Tom.
The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.
The man who sits in front of me is Tom.
The man is kind. Everyone likes him.
The man (who) everyone likes is kind.
(宾语)
The woman got the job.
We saw her on the street.
The woman (whom) we saw on the street
got the job.
The teacher will give us a talk.
We met the teacher yesterday.
The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will
give us a talk.
The boy is in the lab.
You want to talk to him.
The boy (whom) you want to talk to
is in the lab.
The boy to whom you want to talk
is in the lab.
This is the boy. I sit behind him.
This is the boy (whom) I sit behind.
This is the boy behind whom I sit.
The lady stepped on his foot.
He was dancing with the lady.
The lady (whom) he was dancing with
stepped on his foot.
Do you know the man
You will visit him today.
Do you know the man whom you will
visit today
关系代词:
1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,
如介词提前则不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
3.當先行詞是those, she ,he ,they等代詞時,關係代詞用who.
Those who were late for class raise your hands.
Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat.
The goat is eating her flowers.
Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which
is eating her flowers.
Can you lend me the book
You talked about it last night.
Can you lend me the book (which) you
talked about last night.
Can you lend me the book about which
you talked last night
Do you find the pen
I wrote with it just now.
Do you find the pen with which I wrote
just now
Do you find the pen (which) I wrote
with just now
3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略,
如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which were planted
last year.
This recorder （which） he is using is
made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from
Is this the library from which you borrow
books
that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly.
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, little, much 等不定代词时。
(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等
修饰时。
(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
(5) 先行词是who或who引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car Who that broke the window will be punished.
(6) 主句以There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didn’t know the thing.
(7) 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系代词用that.
She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago.
(8)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that.
Which is the book that you bought last week
He is the man (that) I told you about.
注意：介词提前时只能用which 而不能用that 。
4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine that can fly.
Is this the library from which you borrow books
from that
(1) The scientist is very famous in the world.
We met her yesterday.
The scientist we met yesterday is very famous
who in the world.
whom
that
(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.
The dress that she is wearing is new.
which

(3) He is the kind person.
I have ever worked with him.
(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom

This is the best film that I have ever seen.

that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用which而不用that。
(1) 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前） Those are many trees under which they can have a rest.
(2) 在非限制性定语从句中 Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：
My sister, who is twenty, works in
a bank.
The man who came here yesterday has
come again.
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，
如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从
句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先
行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。
这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。
whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词
与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。 whose
多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which
互换使用。
This is the book whose cover is blue.
This is the book of which the cover is blue.
Do you know the girl whose hair is
very short in our class
Do you know the girl
Her hair is very short in our class.
He is the student.
I broke his pencil yesterday.
He is the student whose pencil I
broke yesterday.
Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt,
was quickly taken to hospital.
Mr King was quickly taken to hospital.
Her legs were badly hurt.
Her
We shall make a decision about Ms King,
whose story I have told you.
We shall make a decision about Ms King.
I have told you her story.
her
This teacher, with whose son I work,
is liked by all the students.
This teacher is liked by all the students.
I work with her son.
The chair is being repaired now.
The legs of the chair are broken.
The chair whose legs are broken is
being repaired now.
The chair, the legs of which are broken, is
being repaired now.
The boss of the company, whose name
was Mr Little, told the story about Ms King.
The boss of the company told the story about… .
His name was Mr Little.
His
The boss in whose department Mr King
worked had heard about the accident.
The boss had heard about the accident.
Mr King worked in his department.
his
复习定语从句中的关系副词：
when, where, why
when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+
关系代词（which）”。
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the league.
on which
where在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+
关系代词（which）”。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
in which
why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当
于“介词for+ 关系代词（which）”。
Do you know the reason why she was late.
It rained heavily, for which he was late for
the class.
* As 和which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别：
Which引导的从句与主句关系较密切，常放在主句之后；而as引导从句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。
Which既可代指先行词，又可代指整个主句的内容。相当于“and this” or “ and that”. 译为“这一点”。
　　而as 则只能代指整个主句的内容。译为“正如…..那样”，且已形成固定结构。　如：as is known, as is said, as is reported, as is often the case, as is expected. Etc.
eg. Einstein, as is known, is a famous scientist.
As is reported, China has become an important country in the world.
He didn’t come to attend the meeting, as is expected.
Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light.
My son now goes to the school, which I used go to when I was a child.
He is the man___ house the pictures are taken.
A. whose B.which C.from whose D.that
2.He lives in the flat,___he can see___ is happen-
ing in the street. A.there/what
B.where/something C.from whose window/all that
3.That was the most interesting film___I have seen.
A. whose B.that C. which D.what
4.Ahead of me I saw a woman___I thought was
my aunt.
A. who B. whom C. from whom D. of whom
5.Watch the girl and her dog___are crossing
the street.
A. who B. which C. that D. they
6. He is the very one of the students____ good at
English.
A. who does B.that is C.whom do D.which are
7.The second book___I want to read is Traveis in
China by Rewi Alley.
A. which B. that C. what D.as
8.He is the same teacher___spoke at the meeting
on the opening ceremony.
A. as B. whom C. that D. who
9.The days___I spent in the countryside in my
childhood was the happiest time___I had ever
had in my life. D. that/that
A. when/when B. when/that C. that /whichUnit 4 Revision
教学目的: 重温单词、短语、句子和语法
教学重点、难点: 定语从句
三、教学步骤
Step 1. Ss’ speech (3’)
Step 2. Dictation (10’)
Words （20）
n. 地震 vi. 爆裂; 爆发 n.民族; 国家 adj. 极度的 vt.损害; 伤害
vt. 破坏; 毁坏(-ed) adj. 无用的; 无益的 vt.& vi. (使)震惊; 震动
n.& vt. 营救; 援救 (-ing) vt.使陷入困境(-ed); n.陷阱 n. 灾难; 灾祸
vt. 埋葬 n.矿山; 矿井 n. 避身处 n. 标题 n. 裁判员; 法官
vt. 表示; 表达n. 大纲; 要点n.骑自行车的人
Phrases （13）
立刻马上/ 许多大量的/ 不把…当回事/ 像往常一样/ 似乎，好像/破败不堪，成为废墟/
受伤/消失/像…一样强壮强烈/成百上千的,数十万的/发现,掘出/死者
3. Sentences
1. It is always calm before a storm.
2. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
3. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.
4. The one million people of the city, who thought little of the events, were asleep as usual that night.
5. It seemed as if the world was at an end.
6. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.
7. Water, food and electricity were hard to get.
8. All hope was not lost.
Step 3. Fill in the blanks (10’)
1. We were ________ (震惊)at their terrible working conditions.
2. The school was completely _________(毁坏)by the fire.
3. Thousands of people were _______ (受困) under the ruins after the terrible earthquake.
4. When the earthquake happened, some of the ________ (援救)workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
5. –-- I’ve just passed my driving test!
---- ______________ (祝贺).
Step 4. Choose the right answers (15’)
Review the attributive clause
But the one million people of the city, _____ thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
It was felt in Beijing, ____ is more than two hundred kilometers away.
A huge crack ______ was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
The number of people ____ were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
Later that afternoon, another big quake ______ was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.
The army organized teams to dig out those _____ were trapped and to bury the dead.
Workers built shelters for survivors _____ homes had been destroyed.
Step 5. Homework (2’)
Preview the words of unit 5.
反思：
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit 4 Earthquakes
阅读课
一、教学内容：Pre-reading; Reading and comprehending
二、教学目标：
1. 能力目标
1) 能够用思维导图形式罗列出地震发生时的各种现象，并对这些现象进行分类。
2）通过快速阅读能够迅速查找到文章段落中的主要信息，并能对这些主要信息进行复述，进而总结归纳出文章的大意。
3）通过仔细阅读能够运用图示来说明段落中支撑句和主题句之间的关系，并能根据自己所画出的图示来复述文章的主要内容。
4）运用英汉语言之间的对比了解定语从句在英语和汉语中不同的表达方式。
2. 语言目标
词汇和短语目标
well, pipe, burst, million, event, as if, at an end, nation, canal, stream, dirt, in ruins, suffering, extreme, brick, dam, track, useless, shock, quake, rescue, trap, electricity, dig out, bury, mine, miner, shelter
重点句子
It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away.
A huge crack that was eight kilometers longs and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
Later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.
The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead..
Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
三、教学步骤：
步骤一 阅读前导入
教师展示四幅关于地震发生时的图片，教师首先使用课文中涉及到的词汇或者短语来描述这些画面，并在描述的过程当中对生词要加重语气，这样学生可以通过画面和教师言语之间建立联系，从而可以加深对词汇的掌握，如果学生没有听懂，教师可以重复描述一次。
2．教师利用思维导图把对四幅图的描述和地震这个中心话题联系起来，然后展示给学生。
3．教师引导学生思考地震发生时还有哪些现象发生，并把学生分成小组进行讨论，小组内部有人负责记录，然后教师让小组进行汇报，各个小组之间互相做记录，并填写到教师刚才提供的思维导图中。
4．教师让学生看教材上读前部分的图片，并让学生试着描述这些图片。
5．教师给出参考性示例，并把主要词汇补充到思维导图中。
设计意图：根据图片让学生在有具体语境的情况下利用思维导图把本课要学的词汇联系起来，从而为下一步的阅读扫清了部分障碍。
步骤二 快速阅读
1．让学生看P.27 的第一个练习题，并尝试着把这些句子连接起来，从而对文章的内容进行猜测。
2．布置学生快速阅读文章，在阅读段落的时候，让学生划出每个段落中的主题句，这样能够加速学生对整段的理解。
3．学生分小组讨论，并互对答案，然后教师让小组汇报结果。
设计意图：P.27 的第一题连接句子, 本来是阅读完课文再做的，可以在阅读前来做从而可以训练他们根据逻辑预测的能力，然后在阅读的过程中得到验证。快速阅读让他们找出每个段落的主题句，并根据这些主题句总结出文章的大意。快速阅读来查找信息是一种非常重要的学习策略，可以根据文章的实际指导学生经常使用。
步骤三 仔细阅读
让学生仔细阅读每一个段落，找出段落中除了主题句之外的支撑句。并找出一些关键词来说明。
2． 教师让学生不要看课本，只看上面四个段落的图示，然后把学生分成四人小组，小组内部每个人主要负责一个段落的回顾和复述，并参考相应段落的图示，然后小组内部互相交流，完成之后教师可以随意选出一个小组的四个学生到讲台上汇报，以检查学生对课文的掌握程度。
3．在学生汇报过程当中，教师注意学生使用定语从句的情况。考虑到大多数学生刚刚接触定语从句，教师可以从汉语里的相关说法入手，从而对汉语和英语的相关表达说法进行对比。
设计意图：这部分通过一些活动的设置使学生在完成任务的过程当中运用关键词阅读策略来体会阅读的过程，并通过小组活动来检验学生阅读过程是否进展得顺利。最后一个活动则是前两个活动的继续，解决学生的语言表达问题，增加学生对定语从句的认识。
步骤四 阅读后活动拓展
1．让学生根据课文内容进行短文填空并归纳文章大意，并把学生分成两人小组互相校对答案。
2．唐山地震给唐山带来了巨大的灾难。教师让学生分组讨论唐山大地震给人们带来的教训，并出示PPT中的问题进行讨论。
设计意图：通过阅读后的活动拓展，一方面加深学生对课文的理解程度，另一方面可以引导学生进行更深的思考，也就是地震给我们带来的教训，从而为下节课做准备。
步骤五 作业
日本是一个多地震的国家，让学生通过图书馆、网络或者其他资源来寻找日本地震的一些资料，找出日本发生地震的原因，并列出日本政府为了预防地震采取了哪些防震的措施。
列出更多有关地震的词汇来丰富学生对地震的认识。
设计意图：让学生查找日本地震的原因和日本政府采取的防震措施，从而让学生对日本和中国进行比较，一方面丰富了对地震的认识，另一方面也增加了对地震词汇的利用机会。
0(共7张PPT)
Unit 4
vocabulary
burst
as if
ruin, destroy, damage
a great number of
burst vi.
( burst, burst)
burst into + n.
burst out + doing
突然…起来
他突然笑起来。
He burst into laughter.
out laughing.
tears
crying
他突然读起书来。
He burst into reading.
out books.
as if 似乎,好像
相当于 as though
常接从句或to do 形式
看起来Tom今天不回来了。
It looks as if Tom is not coming today.
他张了张嘴好像要说什么。
He opened his mouth as if to say something.
The man suddenly stopped and looked as if _____ whether he was going in the right direction.
A. seeing B. to see
C. to have seen D. having seen
ruin > destroy> damage
ruin v. 破坏严重以致不能修复， 强调使该物的使用价值发生了变化。
The bad weather ruined our trip.
n. in ruins 成为废墟， 破败不堪
The earthquake left the city in ruins.
destroy v. 破坏以致不能修复,可指希望,计划
The earthquake destroyed the city on May 12th.
damage v.&n. 部分破坏，损害，可修复
Smoking seriously damages your health.
n. destruction
a great/large number of
a great/good many
+ cn. (pl.)
a lot of /lots of
a large quantity of
large quantities of
plenty of
+ cn.(pl.)/ un.
a great deal of
a large amount of
large amounts of
+ un.
large amounts of
large quantities of
+ un.
复数谓语
Unit 4
vocabulary
burst
as if
ruin, destroy, damage
a great number ofUnit 4 warming up
教学目的
Learn some signs before an earthquke
Improve Ss’ speaking ability
教学重点和难点
Some signs before an earthquake
三、教学步骤
Step 1. Ss’ speech (3’)
Step 2. Revision (5’)
Step 3. Warming up (25’)
When we mention an earthquake, what words can you think of
目的: 通过brainstorm, 锻炼学生的发散思维能力,学生会有五花八门的答案,如 terrible, Tangshan, Wenchuan, loss…
Some details about earthquake in Tangshan and Wenchuan.
Fill in a form.
Introduction to the earthquake in San Francisco
目的：通过了解地震的毁灭性破坏，帮助我们认识这个道理：如能认识地震前的预兆，就能减少或避免不必要的损失。为下一环节作铺垫。
Learn some signs before an earthquake.
Sky--bright light flash
The well—cracks,
The water---falls and rises
Chickens---flying, dogs---barking
Pigs and cows---too nervous to eat
Fish---jump mice---run
目的: 锻炼学生的观察能力, 口语表达能力. 在内容上为reading作准备.
反思：
____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________定语从句练习
1. He is the professor _____ was named Jackson.
________ Jackson met.
________ name was Jackson.
the name ______ was Jackson.
_______ the name
who; B. whom; C. that;
D. of which; E. of whom F. whose
2. The novel ______ was read by you is mine.
______ you read
, ______ you read
________ cover was broken was mine.
the cover ______
_______ the cover
who; B. which; C. that;
D. of which; E. of whom F. whose
3. I have many friends, _______ some are businessmen.
some _____
and some _____
of whom B. of them C. who of D. from which
4. Your friend, _____ doesn’ t work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the exam.
5. Do you want a friend ______ you could tell everything
A. whom B. to whom C. with whom D. who
6. It was based more on German than the English ___________ we speak now.
7. The river flows through low valleys to the plains ______________ rice grows.
8. Workers built shelters for survivors _______ homes had been destroyed.
9. This was the reason ______ he gave for his being late this morning.
______ he was late for school this morning.
that B. which C. why D. where
10. The way ____ he explained the sentence to us
____ he explained to us was easy to understand.
that B. in which C. which D. /
11. He is such a clever boy _____ everyone likes.
_____ everyone likes him.
as B. that C. who D. whom
12. Was it the village _______ we used to live in
______ we used to live
Was it in the village _____ we used to live
that B. which C. where D. /
13. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised us most.
and _____
A . which B. it C. when D. where
14. I walked in our garden, _____ there were colorful flowers.
______ was full of colorful flowers.
which B. that C. where D. in which
15. I miss the old days ______ I played with my old friends.
______ I spent with my old friends.
that B. which C. when D. /
16. This is Mr White, _____ I think has something secret to tell you.
17. He was educated at Beijing University, ______ he went abroad.
A. where B. after which C. after where D. after it
18. They talked about the teachers and schools _______ they had visited.
19. The road conditions there turned out to be very terrible, _______ was more than we could expect.
20. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _______ was true.
21. This is the very room ______ I slept in that evening.
22. _______ we all know, China has a large population.
_______ is known to us all,
23. She brought with her three friends, none of ______ I had met before.
24. The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of ______ were made of small diamonds.
25. Have you seen the film, ________ leading actress is very famous
26. Is this the school ______ we visited last month
Is this school _________
A. that B. which C. where D. the one
27. We are living in an age _____ many things are done on computer.
28. They will fly to Beijing, _______ they plan to stay for two or three days.
29. ---Is that the small town you often visit
--- Yes, just the one ______ you know I used to work for years.
A. that B. which C. where D. what
30. The place _____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _____ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which
31. (改错) The woman who umbrella you took is very angry.
32. (改错) Some boys I invited them didn’t come .
33. (改错)Children eat lots of sugar have bad teeth.
Sayings
1. All that glitters is not gold.
2. He who laughs last laughs best.
3. He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
4. He who loves others is constantly loved, and he who respects others is constantly respected.
5. God helps those who help themselves.
6. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.(共11张PPT)
revision
n. 地震
vi. 爆裂; 爆发
n.民族; 国家
adj. 极度的
vt.损害; 伤害
vt. 破坏; 毁坏(-ed)
adj. 无用的; 无益的
vt.& vi. (使)震惊; 震动
n.& vt. 营救; 援救 (-ing)
vt.使陷入困境(-ed); n.陷阱
n. 灾难; 灾祸
vt. 埋葬
n.矿山; 矿井
n. 避身处
n. 标题
n. 裁判员; 法官
vt. 表示; 表达
n. 大纲; 要点
n.骑自行车的人
words (20)
phrases (13)
立刻马上
许多大量的
不把…当回事
像往常一样
似乎，好像
破败不堪，成为废墟
受伤
消失
像…一样强壮/强烈
成百上千的,数十万的
发现,掘出
死者
sentences (8)
1. 暴风雨之前总是风平浪静。
2. 在农家院里，鸡甚至还有猪都太紧张而不吃食。
3. 老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。
4. 没有把这些情况当一回事的市内一百万居民，当天晚上照常睡了。
5. 世界末日似乎到了。
6. 残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地。
7. 水、食物和电都很难弄到。
8. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。
earthquake
burst (burst, burst)
nation
extreme
injure
destroyed
useless
shock
rescue (rescuing)
trap (trapped)
disaster
bury (buried)
mine
shelter
title
judge
express
outline
cyclist
right away
a (great) number of
think little/nothing of
as usual
as if
in ruins
be injured
be gone
as strong as
hundreds of thousands of
dig out
the dead
1. It is always calm before a storm.
2. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
3. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.
4. The one million people of the city, who thought little of the events, were asleep as usual that night.
5. It seemed as if the world was at an end.
6. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.
7. Water, food and electricity were hard to get.
8. All hope was not lost.
1. We were ________ (震惊)at their terrible working conditions.
2. The school was completely _________(毁坏)by the fire.
3. Thousands of people were _______ (受困) under the ruins after the terrible earthquake.
4. When the earthquake happened, some of the ________ (援救)workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
5. –-- I’ve just passed my driving test!
---- ______________ (祝贺).
shocked
destroyed
trapped
rescue
Congratulations
6. Your speech was heard by a group of five _________(裁判).
7. Little children often have difficulty __________ (表达) themselves.
8. Tom and Tim are very keen _______ (骑自行车的人).
9. Next month the city will open a new park to ________ (纪念) the dead in the disaster.
10. I ________ (邀请) him to dinner last night.
judges
expressing
cyclists
honor
invited
1. The wounded soldier lost ____ blood.
A. a great many B. a great number of
C. a great amount D. a great deal of
2. ____ number of visitors came but I don’t know ____ number.
A. a; the B. The; a C. A; a D. The; the
3. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ____ roof is under repair.
A. whose B. which C. of which D. that
4. Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _____ don’t.
A. who; / B. /; who C. who; who D. /; /
5. Hai Yan is a famous Chinese novelist, ____ writings are thought highly of.
A. whose B. who C. which D. whom
6. Mr Smith is the teacher ___ house caught fire last week.
A. his B. which C. whose D. whom
7. I lost the books _____ I borrowed from the library.
A. what B. that C. whom D. them
8. The foreigner ____ visited our school is from Canada.
A. he B. she C. who D. whom
9. Did you see the film ____ was shown last night
A. who B. what C. who D. which
10. I don’t like people ____ speak with their mouths full of food.
A. who B. whose C. they D. whom
11. Instead of bursting into ____ , she burst out ____ at the news.
A. tears; singing B. crying; singing
C. crying; songs D. tears; songs
12. We had a boring meeting last night, which _____ for 4 hours.
A. was lasted B. had lasted C. lasted(共5张PPT)
writing
先行词
主语
宾语
定语
状语
人
物
时间
地点
原因
that/ who
that/whom who/省略
whose
that/which
that/which/省略
whose
that/which
that/which/省略
when
that/which
that/which/省略
where
that/which
that/which/省略
why
revision
writing
How to protect yourself in an earthquake
Outline:
stay calm in an earthquake
hide in a safe place
where is safe at home or in school
How to save strength to save yourself
When an earthquake is coming, people are usually too nervous to save themselves. In fact, we can protect ourselves in the emergency.
First of all, we should stay calm. Only the calm mind can make wise choices. You should hide in a safe place in a hurry. If you are at home, the toilet and kitchen may be the best place to hide in. But if you are at school, run as fast as you can to the playground. Besides, if you are unlucky lying under the ruins, remember to save strength to save yourself and try to shout and ask for help at the right time.(共114张PPT)
在希望的田野上
　　　　－我们的课改之路
一、开学前的理论学习——为我们今后的课改实践撑起一片天空
二、一个月的实践工作——让我们痛并快乐着
三、教学总结与反思
1. 团结就是力量
2. 研讨推动教研
3. 困惑与不足
四、今后的计划与打算—fail to plan, plan to fail
Unit4
earthquakes
汶川大地震---导入
唐山大地震---授课主体
旧金山大地震---补充材料
通过这些材料和方式，达到以下目标：
知识目标：地震的成因，前兆，震中的自救，地震造成的损失以及震后救援等关于地震的知识。
能力目标：培养学生从多种渠道搜集信息的能力。
情感目标：如何在灾难时将损失降低到最小；学会保护自己并帮助别人；培养学生勇敢面对灾难的乐观生活态度。
课型：
※词汇课
※阅读课
※听说课
※复习课
※语法课
高一英语备课组 邬海燕
※ 让学生通过词汇学习能够正 确灵活地运用词语表达思想。
※ 强调词汇学习要结合表达需求、话题范围和语境。将单词放在句子、语段、情境中，才能准确的表达思想，实现其交际功能。
《课标》对词汇教学要求的新特点:
mudslide
泥石流
Tsunami
海啸
Typhoon
台风
volcanoes
火山喷发
hurricanes
飓风
disaster
Earthquake
Tsunami
Typhoon Morakot
disaster area
Wenchuan
Indonesia
Taiwan
受灾地区
灾难，灾祸
hit
struck
The houses and buildings are in ruins after the terrible earthquake.
破败不堪，废墟
The road and the bridge are destroyed badly in the earthquake.
destroy 损坏，损毁，消灭
The boy was injured in the earthquake.
Soldiers carried an injured man to safety.
injure 损害，伤害
受伤的
The nurse was helping the man who was trapped under rubble (碎石，碎砖).
The boy was trapped in ruins for many hours.
trap 使陷入困境
The soldiers are searching for the people who are buried under rubble.
埋葬,掩埋
The army organized teams to bury the dead.
The rescuers dig out those who are buried in the debris（残骸，碎片）of a school.
挖出，挖掘
They are rescuers, who do their best to search and rescue survivors ,though the rescue work is hard.
救援者
救援，营救
救援工作
The boy, a survivor, showed honor to the soldiers who saved his life.
The boy survived the earthquake.
幸存者, 生还者
survive 幸存
The survivors need shelters, such as tents, to protect themselves.
遮蔽物，避身处
※The houses and buildings are in ruins after the terrible earthquake.
※ The road and the bridge are destroyed badly in the earthquake.
※ The boy was injured in the earthquake.
※ The boy was trapped in ruins for many hours.
※ The soldiers are searching for the people who are buried under rubble.
※ The rescuers dig out those who are buried in the debris（残骸，碎片）of a school.
※ They are rescuers, who do their best to search and rescue survivors ,though the rescue work is hard.
※ The boy, a survivor, showed honor to the soldiers who saved his life.
※ The survivors need shelters, such as tents, to protect themselves.
Typhoon Morakot hit Taiwan on Aug,8. Immediately, it ________hundreds of roads, bridges and dams, leaving thousands of people_______ and more than 600 people killed. A great number of houses and buildings were_______. Typhoon was so strong that people were shocked and before they realized what had happened, they were ______ in the flood. The government sent out rescue workers to _______those who ________ Typhoon. Unfortunately, when the rescuers ______ the bodies, most of them had died and they had to _____them. Lots of tents were set up for______. It is said that it is the worst _________in the past 100 years.
destroyed
injured
in ruins
trapped
rescue
survived
dug out
shelter
disaster
bury
Part II
survive
survival; survivor
surveyor; conqueror; visitor; translator; actor; sailor; educator.
mine--- miner
reporter; officer; teenager; sufferer; waiter; rescuer; commander; foreigner.
cycle--- cyclist
scientist; artist; violinist; pianist; tourist; dentist; biologist.
sincere --- sincerely(adv.)
gradually; frequently; fluently; actually; carefully; entirely; finally; officially; comfortably; possibly; truly.
use --- useless
homeless; careless; jobless; endless; helpless; hopeless; selfless; harmless.
frighten --- frightened / frightening
interested/ interesting; shocked / shocking;
relaxed / relaxing; bored / boring; tired / tiring.
dirt --- dirty smell --- smelly (adj.)
windy; rainy; sunny; cloudy; healthy; grassy; dusty.
nation ---national
traditional; additional; personal; educational; cultural; natural; musical.
farm + yard = farmyard
suitcase; overcoat; outdoors; highway; classroom; notebook; sunshine; playground; football.
Collect the information about Tangshan Earthquake and describe it with the new words and expressions we have learned today.
阅读理解分两个层次：
§表层理解（通过多种练习方式)：概括大意，细节填空，判断正误，选择，连线等。
§深层理解：理解作者的写作意图，抓住文本中人文性的主题进行挖掘，培养学生的多种情感。
1. What kinds of disaster do you know
2. What disasters hit China
A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep
Reading
First Reading
Second Reading
Third Reading
What does the passage mainly talk about
An earthquake happened
in Tangshan in 1976.
Sum up the main idea of each part of the passage.
(use one word to describe)
Part 1: para 1
Part 2: para 2&3
Part 3: para 4
signs
damage
rescue&
recovery
What signs may appear before an earthquake
Read part I:
What signs may appear before an earthquake
The water in the wells
____and____. And some
deep ______could be seen
in the well walls. A ______
gas came out of the cracks.
rose
fell
cracks
smelly
Mice ran out of the
fields___________
places to hide.
Fish _________out
of bowls and______.
looking for
jumped
ponds
What signs may appear before an earthquake
The chickens and
even pigs were______
nervous _____eat.
too
to
What signs may appear before an earthquake
People could see _______lights in the sky.
bright
What signs may appear before an earthquake
Water ______ in some buildings cracked and________.
pipes
burst
因小见大；见微知著
Read part II and fill in the chart.
Tangshan Earthquake
a huge crack
steam
hills of rock
2/3 people
children
the number of the dead
/injured
died or were injured
were left without parents
reached more than 400,000
cut across houses, roads …
burst from holes in the ground
became rivers of dirt
75%
90%
two
tens of thousands of
half a million
millions of
Chickens were dead.
The factories and buildings were gone.
The homes were gone.
Dams fell.
Pigs died.
The cows would never give milk again.
Data(数据)
After the earthquake, nearly everything was destroyed.
How were the people in the disaster area helped after this big earthquake
People offered to help the trapped.
The army came to help.
dig out the trapped people
http
bury the dead
offer food and water for the survivors
Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
The writer compares the
city to a person who suffered a lot in the disaster. When people came to help her, the city will not die. She can recover from the pain.
There is still hope……
Life is strong…
Tang Shan’s New Look
If you are requested to give another title for the text, what would it be
Tangshan Earthquake
An Unforgettable Earthquake
An Unforgettable Memory
An Unexpected Disaster , An Unlimited Love
Man Must Conquer Nature
Earthquakes are terrible.
But we must help ourselves!
Nothing in the world is impossible for a united human society!
What shall we do to protect ourselves if an earthquake happens
hide under some strong furniture or by the furniture
drop onto the ground
hold onto the furniture
hide in the corner of the house
keep away from the signs
keep away from the buildings
keep away from the power lines
不把…当回事
像往常一样
结束，终结
似乎，好像
破败不堪，成为废墟
受伤
消失
像…一样强壮/强烈
数十万的…
发现,掘出
死者
think little/nothing of
as usual
at an end
as if
in ruins
be injured
be gone
as strong as
hundreds of thousands of
dig out
the dead
高一英语备课组 石晴
听：
1.能抓住所听语段中的关键词，理解话语之间的逻辑关系
2.能听懂日常的要求和指令，并能根据指令进行操作
3.能听懂故事或记叙文，理解其中主要人物和时间以及他们之间的关系
4.能从听力材料、简单演讲或讨论中提取信息和观点
说：
1.能传递信息并就熟悉的话题表达看法
2.能通过重复、举例和解释等方式澄清意思
3.能有条理地描述个人体验和表达个人的见解和意愿
4.能用恰当方式在特定场合中表达态度和一样
5.能用英语进行简单的语言实践活动，如访谈
听说技能“六级”目标描述：
§ What happened on this day
§ What were your feelings at that moment
Lead-in:
§ How much do you know about the damage of a terrible earthquake
Hints:
buildings, roads, railway tracks, bridge, people…
Roads will_________
crack
Some pipes will___________
crack and burst.
The railway tracks will
____________________________
become useless pieces of steel.
The bridge will____________________
fall and be not safe for travelling.
There might be____ all over the city.
The electricity was ______for several days too.
fires
cut off
The houses and buildings are _______ and Many people will become______________. Lots of children will become___________.
in ruins
homeless or disabled
orphans
1.Do we always get a warning(警告）that an earthquake is coming
2.Do all earthquakes happen at night
3.How would you feel if your home was suddenly destroyed without warning
Shocked,frightened,upset,worried,nervous,
helpless, hopeless,confused, surprised…
A reporter is asking a man to describe his experience in the San Francisco earthquake in 1906.
April 18,1906, at 5:13 am, San Francisco
8.3 magnitude(震级）
Big fire lasted for 3 days
Go to Page 31
be thrown out of
pick one’s way
rush up
drop into
care for
被抛出，被扔出
择路而行
冲上前
掉入，坠入
关心，照顾
Smoothing the way:
1.It was about 5 o’clock in the morning.
2.He rushed downstairs.
3.He heard the people crying and shouting and saw them running everywhere.
Answers to Ex3:
4.Some bricks fell on him and he was killed.
5.He met a man who knew the way to the boat.
6. Shocked, frightened, nervous…
I woke up when I was thrown out of the bed.
It seemed as if the end of the world came.
Lots of people were getting buried under bricks.
As we were carefully picking our way, some frightened cows rushed up…and dropped into…
I felt safer because we were being cared for. The soldiers saved us….Many of us are still alive.
Checking-up:
What shall we do to protect ourselves if an earthquake happens
Part II:
drop onto the ground and cover your head
hide under some strong furniture or by the furniture
drop onto the ground
hold onto the furniture
hide in the corner of the house
keep away from the signs
keep away from the buildings
keep away from the power lines
Go to Page 66
You are going to listen to a dialogue between a teacher and her students. Write down the three key words that they mentioned.
1.__________2._________3._________
drop
cover
hold
Listen again. Write down the three things to keep safe if there is an earthquake.
1.The first thing I must do is ________.
I must drop to the floor and cover my head
with hands.
2.The second thing I must do is__________.
I must cover myself by hiding under some furniture.
3.The third thing I must do is__________.
I must hold onto the furniture so it doesn’t move away from me during the earthquake.
you should go to ____________ away from buildings, trees or ___________.
If you are outside,
you should ____ the television ___ a table so it can’t move and _________ the bookcases are already tied to the wall.
If you are in the living room,
If you are alone,
you should ____ a family friend to tell them where you are and collect your _____________________.
an open space
power lines
tie
to
make sure
ring
personal earthquake bag
If you are in the classroom，what should you do when an earthquake happens
Don’t be nervous and keep calm.
Don’t try to run out of the classroom.
Protect your head by putting your bag on your head.
Sit down under your desk.
Leave the classroom after the earthquake.
Have you ever thought of the causes of earthquakes
Part III: Complements
Key words:
move towards, push against, jump, meet
plate tectonics
板块运动
Read the material in the paper and underline the sentences which explain the causes of earthquakes.
高一英语备课组 杨会清
三维目标
Knowledge aims ：
Go over useful new words and expressions.
Review the grammar: the Attributive Clause.
Ability aims:
Develop the students’ ability to use the important language points.
Enable the students to learn to use which,that,who,whom and whose correctly.
Emotional aims：
1. Encourage the students to protect themselves and help others.
2. Strengthen the students’ sense of duty and loving one’s country.
I. Words and expressions
1. The balloon suddenly b________.
2. The 9.11 Event s_________ the whole world.
3. Hundreds of people are still in danger, waiting to be r_________.
4. The s__________ was lucky to s_________ the big fire.
5.She _________(埋头) herself in her book.
6. We took s______ from the heavy rain in a farmhouse.
7. The _________(痛苦) of the disaster – hit people was extreme.
8. I offered my c_____________ on her success.
urst
hocked
escued
urvivor
urvive
buried
helter
suffering
ongratulations
II . Phrases
好像
结束 / 终结
成为废墟
马上，立刻
挖出
轻视，评价不高
一阵笑声
成千上万
as if / as though
at an end
in ruins
right away
dig out
think little / badly of
a burst of laughter
tens of thousands of
III .Sentence structures in the text.
In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
2. It seemed as if the world was at an end.
3.All hope was not lost / destroyed.
4.Everywhere they looked, nearly everything was destroyed.
5.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
Practice
1.你太年轻不能理解这种事情。
You are _____ ______ ______ _______ such things.
2. 无论我们到哪个地方，都会遇到热心肠的人。
______ _____ _____, we’ll meet warm-hearted people.
3. 似乎已经有人告诉他此事了。
＿＿　＿＿＿　＿＿　＿he had been told about it.
4. 并非所有的人都吃肉。
______ ______ _____ eat meat.
5. 支持这件事的人请举手。
______ ____ ___ for it raise your hands.
too young to understand
Everywhere we go
It 　seemed 　as 　if
All people don’t
Those who are
IV Grammar
Definition
定语从句 2)先行词 3)关系词:______、_______
4) 关系词的三重作用：
连接________
指代________
在________作成份
5) 限制性定语从句 / 非限制性定语从句
She has a son who / that is a doctor.
She has a son, who is a doctor.
He said nothing that made her angry.
He said nothing, which made her angry.
关系代词 关系副词
主从句
先行词
从句中
1. He is the professor
_____ was named Jackson.
_____ Jackson met.
_____ name was Jackson.
the name _____
______ the name
was Jackson.
who; B. whom; C. that;
D. of which; E. of whom F. whose
A / C
(A/ B/ C)
F
E
E
2. The novel
_____ was read by you
_____ you read
, _____ you read
the cover_____
______ the cover
was broken is mine.
who; B. which; C. that;
D. of which; E. of whom F. whose
B / C
(B/ C)
B
F
D
_____ cover
is mine
D
Translation:
All that glitters is not gold.
He who laughs last laughs best.
He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
He who loves others is constantly loved, and he who respects others is constantly respected.
God helps those who help themselves.
Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.
Correction:
The woman who umbrella you took is very angry.
Some boys I invited them didn’t come .
Children eat lots of sugar have bad teeth.
4. Is this school you visited last year
whose
who
the
Multiple choice：
1. _______ of the land in that area _____covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth , is B. Two fifth, are
C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are
2. The soliders was badly ____in the head.
A. hurt B. injured C. wounded D. damaged
3. His film is sure to win the award because it
___by most people.
A.thinks well of B. is thought well
C. is well thought D. is well thought of
4. There are ______ words in English that
came from other languages.
A. a good many of B. a great deal of
C. a great many D. a large number
5. I keep medicine on the top shelf, out of the
children’s ______.
A. reach B. hand C. hold D. place
Checking yourself
Discussion: What have you learned about earthquakes
What signs
What to take
What losses
What lessons
Why do so
How to protect oneself
How to help the survivors
How to honor the dead
How to honor the rescue workers
Write a short passage about Wenchuan earthquake according to the clues we have talked about.
A big earthquake shake Wenchuan on May,12. At 14:28, the earth began to shake, which destroyed almost all the city in a few seconds. Immediately, a great number of houses and buildings were in ruins, leaving thousands of people injured and killed. The earthquake was so strong that people were shocked and before they realized what had happened, they were buried in the rubble. Many people, including workers and doctors, came to rescue those who trapped under the ruins. Very soon the army sent a lot soldiers to help dig out the survivors and buried the dead. Lots of tents were set up for shelter. Gradually things improved and the city began to breathe again.
高一英语备课组 罗晓华
《课标》明确提出语法教学的目的是语用,是为了提高学生的交际能力。它明确了语法的三个维度：形式、意义和运用，明确了语法教学要使三者有效地结合，使学生能既了解语言形式，又知道它的表意功能，并且能够在交际中恰当地、有效地加以运用。新课标要求我们引导学生从观察语言形式入手，从学生的实际表达需要出发，尽力创设语言情境，让学生通过实践，既练习巩固了语言形式，也领悟了语言结构的语用功能。
*
《新课标》对语法教学的要求：
*
The Present Continuous Tense for Future Actions
Grammar
*
A: Are you working this evening
B: No.We are having an English Party,
don’t you know
A: Yes,I do. And we’re giving some
performances at the party. What are you
going to do
B: I’m singing songs with my classmates.
*
1) Are you working this evening
2) We are having an English Party.
3) We’re giving some performances at the party.
4) I’m singing songs with my classmates.
*
现在进行时表将来时，表示近期安排或打算，这类动词通常是瞬间动作，常见的有：go, come, leave, sleep, stay, play, do, have, take, get to, see off, etc.
小结：
*
①.They are getting married next month.
②. He is leaving for London next week.
③. What are you having for supper tonight
④. When I grow up, I’m flying to the moon.
⑤. They are moving to the new house next month.
⑥. I’m not going out tonight. I’m staying at home.
*
我星期五动身去北京。
我的朋友今晚过来。
我明天去参观长城。
下课后我们打算在操场踢足球。
下周五我们乘飞机去上海。
I am leaving for Beijing on Friday.
My friend is coming (over) tonight.
I am visiting the Great Wall tomorrow.
We are playing football on the playground after class.
We are flying to Shanghai next Friday.
*
1. ---I’m going to the States
---How long ___ you___ in the States
A. are; stayed　　 B. are; staying　　　 C. have; stayed　 D. did; stay
2. I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I ____ my mum.
A. am taking B. have taken
C. take D. will have taken　　　
*
3. Because the shop ____, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.
has closed down
closed down
is closing down
had closed down
Jane and Betty are going on separate holidays in a few days’ time.
JANE: Hello, Betty. When are you off to Guangzhou
BETTY: Next Thursday evening.
JANE: How are you getting to the airport Is anybody seeing you off
BETTY: Yes, my brother Bob is going with me to the airport. My plane leaves at seven, so I think we’ll take a taxi. Are you going anywhere for the holiday
JANE: Yes, I’m going to Xi’an with my parents on Friday.
BETTY: How are you getting there By train
JANE: No, by air. Well, I must be off. See you when I get back. Have a nice time in Guangzhou. And say “Hi” to Bob for me.
BETTY: Of course. Have a good trip.
JANE: Thanks. The same to you. Bye.
Suppose you are planning a holiday trip. Make a dialogue with your classmate. You must pay great attention to the tense. The following questions can help you.
Where are you going for your holiday
Who are you going with
How are you getting there
What are you doing there
Where are you staying
How long are you staying there
What are taking with you
When are you returning
Can you make another dialogue
*
The three kinds of sentences that express future.
1. My brother bob is flying to American with me.
2. My plane leaves at seven.
3. I think we will take a taxi.
Some others:
He was about to go out when the telephone rang.
You are to meet at the school gate at 6 tomorrow
morning.
4. Look at these black clouds. It’s going to rain.Unit 4 reading 2
教学目的
掌握文章中出现的定语从句的用法
熟记固定短语
教学重点、难点
The attributive clause sentences
rise/raise, leave, smell, 主谓一致和部分否定
教学步骤
Step 1. Ss’ speech
Step 2. Reading
Important phrases
According to Chinese find out the phrases
不把…当回事 think little/nothing of
像往常一样 as usual
结束，终结 at an end
似乎，好像 as if
破败不堪，成为废墟in ruins
受伤be injured
消失be gone
像…一样强壮/强烈as strong as
数十万的…hundreds of thousands of
发现,掘出dig out
死者the dead
Read the phrases together
Language points
Find out the attributive clauses and analysis them
Ask one after another student to read the paragraphs
Show important sentences and analysis them
Paragraph 1:
1. rise vi. rose, risen
1) As we know, the sun rises in the east.
2) Prices have risen quickly.
3) The injured man couldn’t rise by himself.
4) He always rises early.
raise vt. raised, raised
1) raise one’s hand
2) raise one’s voice
3) raise money
4) raise questions
5) raise a family
2. smell
1) 实义动词
smell the gas/the flowers
I can smell something burning.
2) 系动词
The dinner smells good. （不用被动）
分词作状语
Mice ran out of the fields ________ (look) for places to hide.
______ (give) a chance, I can surprise the world.
_______ (hear)the news, they got excited.
Not ________ (know) much English, I find it hard to understand him.
Paragraph 2:
leave
1) 使役动词
leave +宾语+ 宾补 (n./adj./prep./doing)
leave the door open
leave the children orphans / without parents
leave her waiting outside
2) 实义动词: 忘带，留下，离开
3) n. 假期，假 ask for leave a six-day leave
Paragraph 3:
主谓一致：分数/百分数/ half of/part of/ the rest of /a lot of/ plenty of + n.作主语
About three-fourths of the earth’s surface ____ (be)covered with water.
The rest of the books ______ (be) missing.
75% of the population in China ____ (be) farmers.
Paragraph 4:
部分否定：all, both, every, everyone, everything … not
目的：1. 进一步熟悉课文内容
2.熟悉并掌握定语从句的用法
3. 学习并练习某些知识点
Step 3. Consolidation (5’)
Show the sentences and read them together
目的：强化内容知识点，熟悉homework的内容
Step 4. Homework (2’)
Recite the important sentences
反思：
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________(共12张PPT)
1) Bright light flash in the sky.
2) The well has deep cracks in it, and the water in it rises and falls.
3) Chickens are flying and dogs are barking, and pigs and cows are too nervous to eat.
4) Fish jump out of the pond, and mice run wildly out of the fields.
Revision
sky
2. the well ; the water
3. chickens; dogs; pigs；cows
4. fish; mice
A night the earth didn’t sleep
goals of this class
Main idea of each paragraph
Learn the content (内容) of the text
1. The chickens didn’t eat because
2. The people didn’t worry because
3. Such a great number of people died because
4. Water was needed because
5. The people did not lose hope because
A. the army came to help them.
B. the quake happened while they were sleeping.
C. they were nervous.
D. dams and wells were useless.
E. they didn’t know what the strange events meant.
passage
Topic sentence
Position
1
2
3
4
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.
beginning
Everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end.
beginning
Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.
beginning
All hope was not lost.
beginning
True or False
Para.1
1. Strange things were happening in the countryside of northwest Hebei.
2. Farmers noticed the well walls had deep cracks, so they paid much attention to them.
3. In the farmyards, the chickens and the pigs were too nervous to eat.
4. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city when planes were in the sky.
F
northeast
but they paid no attention to them.
F
T
F
even when no planes were in the sky
Signs before the earthquake
Para 2&3
At 3: 42 am on July 28, 1976
Everything ____________________________
_____________ cut across houses, roads and canals.
____________ from holes in the ground.
Hard hills of rock became ________________
______________________ were killed or injured
75% buildings and 90% of homes __________
____________ the ground like red autumn leaves
________________ fell or were not safe for travelling.
________________ were useless pieces of steel.
______________________ would never give milk
Many pigs and chickens __________
_______ filled the wells instead of water.
began to shake
A huge crack
Steam burst
rivers of dirt
More than 400,000 people
were gone
Bricks covered
Dams and bridges
The railway tracks
Tens of thousands of cows
were dead
Sand
Para 2&3
Later that afternoon
_____________________ as strong as the first one shook the city.
Some rescuers were ________ under the ruins.
More buildings ____________.
Water, food and __________ were hard to get.
Another big earthquake
trapped
fell down
electricity
Para 4
What help did survivors receive
What’s the meaning of the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again”
The army were sent there to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
Fresh water was taken there by train, truck and plane.
destruction
一方有难
八方支援
homework
attributive clause sentences
phrases(共15张PPT)
Reading
1
2
3
4
earthquake
2 ground
1 building
lay in ruins
was destroyed
had deep cracks
3 dam
dams fell
4 railway track
became useless pieces
of steel
earthquake
2 ground
1 building
lay in ruins
was destroyed
had deep cracks
3 dam
dams fell
4 railway track
became useless pieces
of steel
animals
people
water pipes
sky
others
Discussion:
What do you think will happen before an earthquake
1) Bright light flash in the sky.
2) The well has deep cracks in it, and the water in it rises and falls.
3) Chickens are flying and dogs are barking, and pigs and cows are too nervous to eat.
4) Fish jump out of the pond, and mice run wildly out of the fields.
Signs before an earthquake:
1. The chickens didn’t eat because
2. The people didn’t worry because
3. Such a great number of people died because
4. Water was needed because
5. The people did not lose hope because
A. the army came to help them.
B. the quake happened while they were sleeping.
C. they were nervous.
D. dams and wells were useless.
E. they didn’t know what the strange events meant.
Scanning:
Scan the passage and find out the topic sentence of each paragraph.
Paragraph Topic sentence Position in the paragraph
1 Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.
beginning
2 Everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end.
beginning
3 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. beginning
4 All hope was not lost. beginning
Careful reading
Find the key words to support the topic sentences.
water, well walls, smelly
gas, chickens and pigs,
mice, fish, bright lights,
the sound of planes, water
pipes
seem strange
Signs before an earthquake
the earthquake began, a huge
crack, steam, hard hills, people
died or injured
began to shake
What happened in the earthquake
Careful reading
Find the key words to support the topic sentences.
hospitals, factories, buildings,
bricks, dams, bridges,
railway tracks, cows,
pigs and chickens
destroyed
After the earthquake
the army helps, dig out, bury the
dead, miners rescued, built shelter
rescue
the city began to breathe
again
表达方式 充当成分
英
语 1）It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. 定
语
从
句
2）A huge crack that was eight kilometers longs and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
3）The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.
4）Later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.
5）Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
汉
语 1）二百多公里外的北京都能感觉到这场地震。 定
语
2）一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。
3）死伤的人数达到40多万。
4）在下午晚些的时候，又一次和第一次一样的强烈的地震震撼着唐山。
5）救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。
Consolidation:
Sum up the main idea of the passage:
____________ happened in Tangshan. For a few days, water in the wells _____________. From the ______ of wells __________came out. Mice, chicken, pigs and even fish became ________. At 3:00 am, everything began to ______.It seemed that the world was _________. _________ of the nation ____ it. ___________ cut across the city. The city lay _______.
Strange things
rose and fell
cracks
smelly gas
nervous
shake
at an end
One-third
felt
A huge crack
in ruins
Two-thirds of the people died or ___________. Then later that afternoon, another big quake ______ Tangshan. People began to wonder _____________________________. But all hope ____________. Soldiers came to help those ________. Slowly, the city began to _________________.
were injured
shook
how long the disaster would last
was not lost
survivors
breathe again
1) How do you prevent yourself during
the earthquake
2) What measures should the government
take to prevent the earthquake
Homework
Look for some earthquake information about Japan through the library, internet or other resources. Find out why Japan often has earthquakes. What measures are taken by the Japanese government to prevent them
List more words or expressions to enrich the mind map of earthquake and increase the knowledge of this phenomenon.Unit 4 Earthquakes
综合语言运用课
一、教学内容：Warming up; (W.B.)Listening（P.62）and talking（P.62）
二、教学目标：
1．能力目标
1）通过对比唐山和旧金山这两座城市的基本信息推断和归纳出地震发生的科学原因。
2）能够在听的过程当中利用记笔记的形式记录关键信息，并能根据这些关键信息利用相关知识对听力材料中对地震原因的解释进行回顾。
3）能够运用一些交际策略转述一些国家关于地震原因的迷信说法，总结出他们之间的不同，并和地震的科学原因对比，从而对地震原因有一个正确地认识和判断。
2．词汇目标
earthquake, disaster, destroy, shake, burn, injure, plate
三、教学步骤：
步骤一 话题讨论
教师向学生展示教材中唐山的图片，并用问题的形式引导学生对这座城市的特殊历史进行回顾，注意红体字为本文的生词，教师可以在提问这些问题的时候让学生猜测这些单词的词义从而能够理解这些问题。
2．教师把学生分成三人一组对这些问题进行讨论，然后让每个小组汇报自己的讨论结果。最后教师给出参考性答案。
3．教师向学生展示另外一张与地震有关的城市——旧金山的图片，鉴于很多学生对这个城市了解不是很多，教师可以给学生提供一些关于这座城市地震历史的文字资料，让学生阅读，从而使学生通过地震这个共同话题把唐山和旧金山这两座城市联系起来。
4． 三人小组对唐山和旧金山两座城市进行下列方面的比较，并根据自己学过的地理知识讨论地震的原因，并在小组内讨论出一个结果。
5．教师让各个小组汇报本组关于地震原因讨论的结果，如果遇到学生不会表达的单词，教师给予一定的提示，比如板块的英文为plate。
设计意图：教师展示图片和提问问题来激活学生头脑中对唐山的印象，并通过地震作为任务链引出旧金山曾经发生的地震历史，通过比较建立起两座城市之间的联系。学生 以小组活动的形式来比较两座城市，从而对地震发生的原因进行推断。在这连续的几个活动中，兼顾了内容和语言知识上的连续性，使一些生词在整个过程当中得到了重复呈现和运用，从而为下面的听力活动做内容和语言上的准备。
步骤二 听力
教师布置刚才的讨论小组接着听课本上P.62录音材料的第一部分, 在听之前，教师让学生带着刚才讨论的问题去听，从而检查自己刚才的推论和猜测是否正确。在听的过程当中，让学生试着做一些笔记，并教给他们记笔记的方法，比如可以运用思维导图的形式记录关键词，在听力完成之后利用所记录的内容把听力材料进行回顾。
小组内部之间首先交换自己的听力笔记，并互相补充遗失的信息。
教师可以提供PPT中的笔记样本供同学们参考，并让学生检查自己的听力笔记中漏听了哪些内容。
4． 教师做总结，并向学生展示板块之间互相碰撞的模拟图片，使学生更加直观地认识地震的原因。
5． 布置学生做听后练习1和练习2 中的Part 1。对于没有回答出来的问题，布置学生重新听一次，之后教师提供答案。
6． 教师简要告诉学生第二部分所要听的主要内容为中国作为一个多地震的国家如何减少地震带来的损失。教师可以首先布置学生提前看书本上练习2 Part 2的关键词填空，试着猜测横线上的内容。如果学生感觉有难度，可以提供比课本上更多的辅助词汇。
7．布置学生进行听，然后补全上面填空中的答案。
设计意图：此部分涉及到两个听力活动，第一个听力活动内容继续了步骤一中的讨论话题，
从而使学生在听的过程当中对自己关于地震的原因的推论进行验证。第二个听力
活动内容则是第一个听力活动话题的继续。
步骤三 说
教师总结在上面听的过程当中得出的地震发生的科学原因。然后话题转到地震发生原因的种种传说，并以课本P. 62 Talking部分的印度为例，讲述印度关于地震原因的传说。并一边解释一边向学生呈现图片。
2．把学生重新分成四人一组，然后教师布置每个小组阅读四个国家的关于地震原因的传说。小组内部让每个学生只阅读其中的一个国家的传说。
3．小组内部交流，每个学生把自己了解到的故事转述给组内其他的同学。在此活动进行之前，教师提醒学生在转述的过程应该使用一些交际的策略。
4．小组继续讨论自己所知道的关于地震的传说，小组也可以编各种有趣的小故事来解释地震发生的原因。
5．让小组选派同学出来讲述他们编的小故事。
6．教师引导学生比较地震原因的科学说法和迷信说法，并让学生发表自己对此的观点。
设计意图：教师使用抛锚式教学方式，让学生阅读更多国家关于地震原因的传说。在第二个活动中利用类似信息差的方式，让学生既锻炼了口语和听力，又培养了学生的学习兴趣。
步骤四 小结和作业
1．运用思维导图的形式列出刚学过的有关地震的词汇，并预习本单元要学习的单词和词组（参照单词表），并添加到相应的思维导图中。
2. 让学生阅读一些关于地震的文章，了解地震的相关知识。
设计意图：让学生提前复习和预习有关地震的词汇，为下一节课的阅读理解扫清词汇上的障碍。要求学生课后利用互联网、图书馆等渠道搜集地震的信息一方面可以帮助理解即将学习的课文，也可以在这些文章当中发现我们即将要学的一些关于地震的词汇。Unit 4 writing
教学目的
To be familiar with the attributive clause
Write an article
教学重点、难点
The same as the above
教学步骤
Step 1. Ss’ speech (3’)
Step 2. Revision (5’)
Review the attributive clause
用提问的方式复习关系代词that, which, who, whose 的功能作用。
Step 3. Using language (10’)
Read the passage and find out the attributive clause sentences.
目的：1) 再次熟悉定语从句
2) 本段落出现了介词+关系代词引导定语从句，还出现了非限制性定语从句 as you know, 需要帮助学生理解。
2．Two phrases
1) be proud of sb: take pride in sb
2) have sb do sth: make/let sb do sth
get sb to do sth
Step 4. Writing (20’)
How to protect yourself from being injured
Make an outline
Stay calm in an emergency
Hide in a safe place
Where is safe if you are at home or in school
How to save strength to save life？
Write the article
Step 5. Homework (2’)
Review the content of unit 4.(共14张PPT)
A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep
Reading
不把…当回事
像往常一样
结束，终结
似乎，好像
破败不堪，成为废墟
受伤
消失
像…一样强壮/强烈
数十万的…
发现,掘出
死者
think little/nothing of
as usual
at an end
as if
in ruins
be injured
be gone
as strong as
hundreds of thousands of
dig out
the dead
Para.1
1. rise vi.
rose, risen
1) As we know, the sun rises in the east.
2) Prices have risen quickly.
3) The injured man couldn’t rise by himself.
4) He always rises early.
raise vt.
raised, raised
1) raise one’s hand
2) raise one’s voice
3) raise money
4) raise questions
5) raise a family
Para.1
2. smell
1) 实义动词
smell the gas/the flowers
I can smell something burning.
2) 系动词
The dinner smells good. （不用被动）
3. too…to…
not …enough to…
so…that…
too +表示心情的adj.+ to…
can not/never + do + too…
越…越好，再…也不过分
Para.1
分词作状语
Mice ran out of the fields ________ (look) for places to hide.
______ (give) a chance, I can surprise the world.
_______ (hear)the news, they got excited.
Not ________ (know) much English, I find it hard to understand him.
looking
Given
Hearing
knowing
seem (to be) +n./ adj. / prep.
It seems like …
It seems as if/ as though
It seems (to sb) that…
seem to do/ to have done/ to be doing
There seems to be …
Para.2
1. seem
Para.2
2. leave
1) 使役动词
leave +宾语+ 宾补 (n./adj./prep./doing)
leave the door open
leave the children orphans
without parents
leave her waiting outside
2) 实义动词: 忘带，留下，离开
3) n. 假期，假
ask for leave a six-day leave
1) vt. 达到； 到达，抵达；实现
2) vi. 延伸 The park reached as far as the river.
3) n. 伸手可及的距离
within one’s reach = __________________
out of one’s reach = __________________
Para.2
3. reach
within the reach of sb
out of the reach of sb
Para.2
1) more than
He is more than forty years old.
I am more than glad to help you.
He is more than a teacher, and he is …
2) more A than B
She is more sad than angry.
3) more than sb can do 非某人所能
4) no more than : only
5) not more than: at most
6) more than a little : very (much)
Para.3
1. 分数/百分数/ half of/part of/ the rest of
/a lot of/ plenty of + n.作主语
About three-fourths of the earth’s surface ____ (be)covered with water.
The rest of the books ______ (be) missing.
75% of the population in China ____ (be) farmers.
is
are
are
Para.3
2. cover
被…覆盖
包括，涉及
占
行走(一段路程)
采访，报道
足以支付，支付费用
be covered by/with
cover an area of
cover the cost of…
3. shock
be shocked at sth
be shocked to do sth
be a shock to sb
Para.3
rescue sb from…
come to one’s rescue
4. rescue
5. last
vi. 持续
The war last (for) four years.
How long will the weather last
vt. 够某人维持多久 last sb st.
The food will last us (for) two days.
Para.4
all, both, every, everyone, everything … not
All birds can not fly.
1. 部分否定
全部否定
Not all birds can fly.
none, neither, no, no one, nothing, nobody
2. in /on /to the east of…
方位名词位于句首：
East of …+动词+主语
North of our school lies a village.
A village lies (on the) north of our school.
lie 处于某种状态；
积雪厚厚的覆盖着大地。
Snow is lying thick on the ground.
躺；位于
意思
原形
过去时
过去分词
现在分词
躺;位于
放置;产卵
撒谎
lie
lay
lain
lying
lay
laid
laid
laying
lie
lied
lied
lying(共12张PPT)
The Attributive Clause
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.
The boy who is smiling is Tom.
The boy who has a round face is Tom.
The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.
The man who sits in front of me is Tom.
1. 定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3. 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一成分。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式上 不用逗号“ ，”与主句隔开 用逗号“ ，”与主句隔开
意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。
译法上 译成先行词的定语：“…的 ” 通常译成主句的并列句或从句
关系词的使用上 1. 作宾语时可省略 1. 不可省略
2. 可用that 2. 不用that
3. 可用who 代替whom 3. 不可用who 代替whom
The one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
先行词
主语
宾语
定语
状语
人
物
时间
地点
原因
that/ who
that/whom who/省略
whose
that/which
that/which/省略
whose
that/which
that/which/省略
when
that/which
that/which/省略
where
that/which
that/which/省略
why
注：关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，在非限制性定语从句中不能省略。
that和which在指物时一般可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 用that而不用which ：
I think she has something (that) you can read.
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
1) 先行词是不定代词，如：all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much
2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much，the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。
3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰或本身是序数词或最高级
This is the first book (that) he has read.
4) 先行词既有人又有物时
I can remember the things and people (that) I visited in the village.
5) 主句是以who /which开始的问句
Who is the girl that drove the car
6)关系代词在定语从句中作be表语时
She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago.
用which不用that :
1) 关系代词前有介词时，(介词提前) This is the room in which we lived last year.
2) 在非限制性定语从句中 Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.
3) 先行词本身就是that
What’s that which flashed in the sky just now
1. Can you think of anyone _______ could look after him a bit for the next few days
　　A. that B. which C. whom D. /
2. In Britain he had come across a painter _______ nobody else had heard of.
　　A. which B. where C. with whom D. /
3.That was the most interesting film ___ I have seen.
A. whose B. that C. which D. what
4.Watch the girl and her dog ___ are crossing
the street.
A. who B. which C. that D. they
5. The novel _____ cover was broken belongs to me.
A. who B. that C. whose D. whom
6. George Orwell, _____ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels.
A. the real name B. what his real name
C. his real name D. whose real name
7. He told us all _____ he knew about the matter.
A. that B. what C. which D. who