2021年中考英语复习语法梳理-定语从句 课件36张

the Attributive Clause
定语从句
1.定语从句：
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句
定语从句的相关概念
Mary is a beautiful girl.
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
形容词作定语
句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句
先行词
关系词
定语从句
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
关系代词
2.先行词：
被修饰的名词或代词
关系副词
定语从句
The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.
先行词
修饰名词
放置于名词之_____
关系词
1.连接作用
2.指代作用
3.在定语从句中担当成分
后
The man
who lives next to us
who
定语从句公式
定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人和事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语、定语
e.g. Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗?
(who/that在从句中作主语，指代的先行词是人)
e.g. He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语，指代的先行词是人)
关系代词所代替的先行词是人和事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语、定语
e.g. The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
你拿的包快散了。
(which / that 在从句中作宾语，指代的先行词是物)
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
whose 作定语修饰cover,两者一起构成从句中的主语。
关系代词的用法
关系代词在从句中可以：
指人
指物
subject (主语)
object (宾语)
定语
whose
whom
who
which
that
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
that做宾语时可以省略
√
√
√
引导词
先行词
成分
关
系
代
词
who
人
主，宾
whom
人
宾
which
物
主，宾
that
人或物
主，宾
Summary:
填入适当的关系词
1.The eggs _________ were in the basket were not fresh.
2.The friend_________ came to supper last night wasn’t hungry.
3.He saw a house ________ windows were all broken.
4.He is the man ___________________you have been waiting for.
Fill in the blanks with who, whom, whose, which and that.
小 结：
主语
宾语
定语
who\which\that
whom\which\that
whose
1. I have a sister. +
She works in Shanghai.
= I have a sister ___________
works in Shanghai.
2. He wants to see the man. +
The man is in Shanghai.
= The man _______________ he wants to see is in Shanghai.
who/ that
(who/ that/ whom)
合并句子
作主语
作宾语
4. Have you found the pen?+
You lost it yesterday.
= Have you found the pen ___________ you lost yesterday?
(which / that)
=The woman ________________they wanted to visit is a teacher.
3. The woman is a teacher. +
They wanted to visit the woman.
(who/that/ whom)
作宾语
作宾语
定语从句
Ren Sir
1.Ren Sir is a hard-working man. 2.He was born on Jan.24 , 1992.
Ren Sir is a hard-working man who was born on Jan.24 , 1992.
Use the attributive clause to join the two simple sentences.
定语从句
Zootopia is an interesting movie.
I have ever seen it .
Zootopia is an interesting movie （that/which/） I have ever seen.
定语从句
Obama is an African-American.
His skin is black.
Obama is an African-American whose skin is black.
Use the attributive clause to join the two simple sentences.
注：下列情况只能用that
序数词或最高级修饰先行词时
all,everything,nobody等不定代词作 先行词时
当先行词有the only, the same修饰时：
This is the first book _____ he has read.
It is the most beautiful city _____ I’ve ever seen.
I am sure she has something _____ you can borrow.
He is the only person _____ was present at the time.
that
that
that
that
当先行词即指人又指物时
They talked about the person and the book ______
interested them.
that
1. Is there anything ________ you want
to buy in the town.
2.All ______ we can do is to study hard.
3. The first one _____ stands up is a
little boy.
that
that
that
要注意的问题一：
填入适当的关系词
1.The first text ______we are to learn is very difficult.
2.I’m interested in everything _____I don’t know。
3.There’s no difficulty _____ we can’t overcome.
4.We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals _____ you are thinking about.
5.Which is the book ______ you told me about?
Fill in the blanks with which or that.
小结:只用that的情况
1）先行词本身就是或前被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。2）当先行词是不定代词时。如 all、little、something、nothing等。3）先行词被all、every、no、little、one of、the only、the very、the right等所修饰时。
4）如果先行词既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。5）当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时。
要注意的问题二：
This is the house ____________ I lived in two years ago.
This is the house in ______ I lived two years ago.
I want a piece of paper on ______ I can write.
I lost the ring for ______ I paid $2000.
which
which
which/that
which
前面有介词只用which
live in
write on
pay for
定语从句
Fill in the blanks with which or that.
1.The quake hit wenchuan,_____ used to be a beautiful village .
2.He came late again, _______ made me angry.
3.This is the room in _____Chairman once lived.
4.Let me show you the book that I borrowed from the library ______ was newly open to us.
小结:只用which ,不用that的情况
1）非限制性定语从句中指物
2）指代前面整个句子
3）关系词前有介词
4）一个句子中含有两个定从，已使用一个关系代词that,另一个则用which
要注意的问题三：
I have some pictures which ______(be) painted by Mr Qi Baishi.
I have a picture which ______(be) painted by Mr Qi Baishi.
She is one of the studnets who _____(be) invited to the party.
are
is
are
定语从句谓语的单复数要跟先行词的单复数保持一致！
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语作地点状语(where)，时间状语(when)，原因状语(why)。
e.g. Beijing is the place where I was born.
e.g. Is this the reason why he refused our offer?
e.g. His grandfather died the year when he was born.

关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用.
e.g. Beijing is the place where I was born.
e.g. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.
e.g. Is this the reason why he refused our offer?
e.g. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
e.g. His grandfather died the year when he was born.
e.g. His grandfather died the year when ( in which) he was born.
填入适当的关系词
用关系副词when,where,why或介词+关系代词填空。
1.I will never forget the day __________we were in the country.
2. This is the park _________you took photos last Sunday.
3. That was the reason________he was late for school.
小结: 时间 when = in/at/on/during /…+ which
地点 where = at/in/on/…+ which
原因 Why= for+ which
a period of time
This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
判断关系代词与关系副词
方法: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、定、状)，才能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.
先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，应选择关系代词;
先行词在从句中作状语时，应选 择关系副词。
例如:
Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?
Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
Exercises:
1. All ______ is useful to us is good.
A.which B.what C.that D.whether
2. She will never forget the days ______ she spent in Beijing.
A.when B.what C.which D.why
3. The man ______ you are talking is in the next room.
A. to whom B. about whom
C. who D. whom
4. This is the school _______ my father worked thirty years ago.
A.that B.when C.which D.where
5. The text is one of the most interesting stories ______ learned in the past three years.
A.that have B.that have been
C.which has D.which has been
6. Here is the bicycle ______ in the shop.
A.that you saw it B.that saw it
C.you saw D.you saw it
7. Those ______ to take part in the game write down your names, please.
A.who B.who want
C.that wants D want
8. I, _____ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A.who is B.what is
C.what am D.who am
9. The family _____ I stayed with in New York are coming to Beijing.
A.which B.whom C.what D.whose
10. This is the only thing _____ I can do now.
A.what B.which C.that D.all

Testing 测一测
1、He told us about the countries where he had visited.
2、Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.
3、China is the country where he spent the best part of his life.
4、The days when we spent together cannot be easily forgotten.
5、The house stands at the place that the two roads meet.
Testing 测一测
6、We shall visit the college where his father teaches there.
7、I know the reason that she looks so worried.
8、He left me the book, that is very useful for me.
9、This is the room which food is kept.
10、April 15, 1976 is the day when we’ll never forget.
Testing 测一测
11、The man came yesterday is our English teacher.
12、The students are playing football on the playground are of Class Two .
13、This is all which I can do for you.
14、Can you think of anyone who’s house was here?
15、The watch that Mother bought it for me works very well.
Testing 测一测
16、This is the only book that were borrowed from the library.
17、The day which she had to leave arrived at last.
18、The doctor whom they want to see have come.
19、Do you know the young man whom has been chosen chairman?
20、The park stands at the place that the two rivers meet.
关系代词
关系副词
which, that, who,
whom, whose等
where, why, when
在定语从句中作主语、
宾语、定语
在定语从句中作状语
Relative pronouns
Relative adverbs
定语从句
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系代词\关系副词：引导定语从句的词。
定义：又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修饰名词或代词，起定语作用。
定语从句中的关系词及其意义
关系词
指代人或物
定语从句中充当的成分
关系
代词
that
which
who
whom
whose
as
关系
副词
when
where
why
人或物
物或句子
主语 、宾语
宾语
人或物（所属关系）
人或物或句子
人
人
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
时间
地点
原因
主语、宾语、
主语、宾语
定语
主语或宾语