2020-2021学年人教版(2019)高中英语必修3单元检测卷：Unit 1 Festivals and celebrations【真题训练】Word版含答案
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人教版2019必修第三册
Unit 1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
真题训练
一、单项选择
1. （2021·天津卷）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A. to extend B. extended C. extending D. being extended
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is known as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。故选C。
2. （2012·江西卷）John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter ______ him it.
A. offered B. offering C. to offer D. to be offered
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：约翰真的获得了那份工作因为他给我们展示了给他提供那份工作的信件。offer作定语修饰letter，letter与offer him it构成主动关系，故使用现在分词形式,。故选B。
3. （2018·天津卷）There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money ______ for medical research has been well spent.
A. used B. using C. to use D. to be used
【答案】A
【解析】考查过去分词。句意：近年来医学取得了许多进展。这意味着用于医学研究的钱花得很值。分析句子可知，money与use在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选A项。
4. （2015·福建卷）(2015·福建) In recent years an English word ＂infosphere＂ has appeared, __________the sense of ＂information＂ and ＂ atmosphere＂.
A. combine B. combined
C. combining D. being combined
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近几年，一个叫做infosphere的英语单词出现了，结合了“信息”和“气氛”这两个单词。这里的结合与前面新出现的单词的关系是主动的，用现在分词。所以故选C。
5. （2012·上海卷）"Genius" is a complicated concept, ________ many different factors.
A. involved B. involving C. to involve D. being involved
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：本题考查非谓语，是这个概念的内容本身包含，用现在分词做定语，所以排除 A 和 D，而这个概念现在本身就包含，所以排除表示将来的C，所以答案为B。
6. （2014·山东卷）(2014·山东) There is a note pinned to the door ___________ when the shop will open again.
A. saying B. says
C. said D. having said
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：门上钉着一张纸条，写着这家商店什么时候再营业。在这个句子中note和say是主动关系，所以要用现在分词的一般式做伴随状语，表主动、进行。故选A。
7. （2012·湖南卷）The lecture, _______at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.
A. starting B. being started
C. to start D. to be started
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨晚7点开始的讲座之后是用望远镜观察月球。 start与逻辑主语the lecture之间为主动关系，故排除B、D两项。不定式作定语时，常表示动作尚未发生，故排除C项，此处用现在分词作后置定语，表示主动。故选A。
8. （2014·广西卷）Today there are more airplanes____ more people than ever before in the skies.
A. carry B. carrying
C. carried D. to be carrying
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在比以前有有更多的飞机运送乘客。此处airplane和carry之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语，表主动。故选B。
9. （2013·江苏卷）Lionel Messi, ______ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.
A. set B. setting C. to set D. having set
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：Lionel Messi在一年里创了几个记录，被认为是欧洲最具潜力的足球运动员。创纪录已经是过去，现在被认为是欧洲最具潜力的足球运动员，所以分词动作发生在谓语动词之前，所以用完成时。
10. （2013·上海卷）Sophia got an e-mail ________ her credit card account number.
A. asking for B. ask for C. asked for D. having asked for
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意: 索菲亚收到了一封索要她的信用卡账户号码的电子邮件。此处ask for是非谓语，与逻辑主语e-mail之间是主动关系,故选A项。
11. （2013·辽宁卷）Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail _______ for her.
A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waiting
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:考查非谓语动词。在There be 句型中，名词mail 和 wait 是主动关系，所以用现在分词做定语，表示正在进行。句意：劳拉去巴黎待了一周多。当她回到家的时候，家里有一大摞邮件在等着她。选C。
12. （2013·山东卷）The room is empty except for a bookshelf _____ in one corner.
A. standing B. to stand C. stands D. stood
【答案】A
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：除了角落里有一个书架外，房间里空荡荡的。_____ in one corner作定语修饰前面的名词a bookshelf ，“书架”和“站立”之间是主动关系，用现在分词短语作定语。故选A。
13. （2011·江苏卷）Recently a survey _______ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.
A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，一项对两家不同超市的同种商品价格进行比较的调查在市民中引起了激烈的争论。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语是a survey，谓语动词是has caused，宾语是heated debate。可见，句子结构是完整的，因此我们要选择的只能是非谓语动词形式。survey与compare之间存在主动关系，因此用现在分词短语作后置定语。故选B。
14. （2010·上海卷）The report indicated that 45% of students were in jobs not_______specific qualifications.
A. requiring B. to be required C. being required D. to have required
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究显示百分之四十五的学生在参加工作时不需要特定资质。not requiring specific qualifications做后置定语修饰jobs, jobs与非谓语动词require是主谓关系，表示主动关系用现在分词。故选A。
二、阅读选择
1
（2016·全国卷If you are a fruit grower — or would like to become one — take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around. It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.
Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.
There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you’ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.
Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园). If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.
15. What can people do at the apple events?
A. Attend experts’ lectures.
B. Visit fruit-loving families.
C. Plant fruit trees in an orchard.
D. Taste many kinds of apples.
16. What can we learn about Decio?
A. It is a new variety.
B. It has a strange look.
C. It is rarely seen now.
D. It has a special taste.
17. What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. A practical idea.
B. A vain hope.
C. A brilliant plan.
D. A selfish desire.
18. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show how to grow apples.
B. To introduce an apple festival.
C. To help people select apples.
D. To promote apple research.
【答案】15. D 16. C 17. B 18. B
【解析】本文为说明文。文章讲述了英国的苹果节的活动。
15. 细节理解题。根据第二段中Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples.可知，参加相关庆祝活动的人们可以品尝各种各样的苹果，故选D。
16. 推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.可知，由于其奇特的外形，使人们更多地感到好奇，可推断出这种苹果是非常少见的，故选C。
17. 词义猜测题。根据第三段中One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it可知，Orleans Reinette是最好吃的苹果品种之一，但它的种植条件非常苛刻，所以喜爱它的人想经常吃到它是徒劳的愿望，故选B。
18. 推理判断题。综合全文可知，作者向读者介绍了一个节日－－苹果节，并推荐人们参加这个节日，故选B。
2
（2017·全国卷）Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.
Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”
Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran.
Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,” says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”
19. Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A. To remember the birth of jazz.
B. To protect cultural diversity.
C. To encourage people to study music.
D. To recognize the value of jazz.
20. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Jazz becoming more accessible.
B. The production of jazz growing faster.
C. Jazz being less popular with the young.
D. The jazz audience becoming larger.
21. What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz?
A. It will disappear gradually.
B. It remains black and white.
C. It should keep up with the times.
D. It changes every 50 years.
22. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Exploring the Future of Jazz.
B. The Rise and Fall of Jazz.
C. The Story of a Jazz Musician.
D. Celebrating the Jazz Day.
【答案】19. D 20. C 21. C 22. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述UNESCO把4月30号定为国际爵士乐日，希望意识到爵士乐的价值，但实际收效甚微。
19. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.可知，UNESCO把4月30号定为国际爵士乐日是为了让人们重视爵士乐，意识到它的重要性以及它作为连接各文化的纽带之声的潜在功能，也就是为了让人们意识到爵士乐的价值。故选D。
20. 代词指代题。根据前文Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations可知，尽管UNESCO为爵士乐设了纪念日，但美国的爵士乐听众依然在减少，并且年龄在老化，爵士乐没能将年轻一代人连接起来。再结合It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that(是Jason Moran的工作是帮助改变那一情况)可推测，that指代的是前文中爵士乐在年轻一代人中失去吸引力的现象。故选C。
21. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same可知，Moran认为现在爵士乐不能 以1908或1958年的方式来呈现，因为世界已经不同了，所以爵士乐必须不断进步，说明随着时代的 发展，爵士乐也要跟上时代才不会被年轻一代所抛弃。故选C。
22. 标题选择题。通读全文可知本文主要讲UNESCO为提高人们对爵士乐的重视而设立爵士日， 但实际收效甚微。有人认为爵士乐应随着时代的进步而进步，否则将失去对人们的吸引力，因此本文主要是探索爵士乐的未来，故选A。
3
（2015·福建卷）Food festivals around the world
Stilton Cheese Rolling
May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors' lane（赛道）. Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). All the competitors arc served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment for Stilton cheese.
Fiery Foods Festival—The Hottest Festival on Earth
Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addiction—food that is not just spicy（辛辣）,but hot enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water. Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three clays every March. You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepper—officially the hottest pepper in the world—or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing's for sure—if you don't like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn't for you!
La Tomatina—The World's Biggest Food Fight
On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts Ea Tomatina—the world's largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week's events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes—official fight-starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd.
The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back. Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends again—and for a much-needed wash!
23. In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, competitors on each team must .
A. wear various formal clothes
B. roll a wooden cheese in their own lane
C. kick or throw their cheese
D. use a real cheese weighing about four kilos
24. Where is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival held?
A. In New Mexico.
B. In the Caribbean.
C. In Australia.
D. In China.
25. The celebration of La Tomatina lasts .
A. three days
B. seven days
C. less than three days
D. more than seven days
26. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.
B. More than 10,000 Chinese take pail in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
C. Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
D. An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina.
【答案】23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，分别讲述了英国、新墨西哥以及巴西的几个关于食物的传统节日。
23. 细节理解题。根据短文第一段Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes , roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course.四个队伍，穿着滑稽搞笑的衣服，在50米的路程中卷一个完整的奶酪，以及后面but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones这个奶酪是木头的，所以在斯蒂尔顿奶酪滚动比赛中，每个队的参赛者必须在自己的跑道上滚动一个木制的奶酪。故选B。
24. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico.可以知道这是在新墨西哥发生的事情，从段落中第三句Their destination is the Fiery Eood and BBQ Festival可以知道人们到新墨西哥是为了参加Fiery food festival.所以Fiery Food and BBQ在新墨西哥州举行。故选A。
25. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week's events.可知，为期一周的庆祝活动将引发一场激动人心的番茄大战，这是本周活动的亮点。所以西红柿大战这个西班牙的节日的持续时间是一周，故选B。
26. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二个破折号后面的文字or any one of the thousands of products that are on show.可以知道你可以任意品尝展出的上千种的食物，所以成千上万的辛辣食物在Fiery Eood and BBQ节上展出。故选C。
4
（2011·福建卷）For five days, Edmonton's Downtown Park is transformed into one huge stage where artists are able to share their talents, and where people are able to celebrate and enjoy themselves. Since its beginning in 1980, the Edmonton Folk Music Festival has been commemorating (纪念) the true feeling of what folk music is all about and that's the traditional togetherness (友爱) that is felt when people gather to share stories and feelings through song.
This year will be the sixth year when volunteer Riedel will be offering up her time to the festival. “People coming off a busy spring and summer have a moment of relaxation，” Riedel said. “It's really easy to relax, and it's great seeing family and friends have fun together.” These families and friends come from all different kinds of musical tastes. People who take pleasure in Blues are there, so are people who love Bluegrass. This festival does its best to develop everyone's musical interests.
With so many years of experience, the festival has become a well?oiled machine, and does whatever it can to make attendees feel as comfortable as possible. There are free water stations throughout the venue (举办地) for people to fill up their travel cups. When people buy food, reusable dishes are given a $2 plate fee, but that is returned when the plate is brought back.
The festival has completely sold out of tickets, and in record time. But with big names such as Van Morrison and Jakob Dylan，it's easy to see how that was going to happen. There is no parking area during the festival, so using the Park & Ride system or Edmonton Transit is highly recommended. A bike lock?up area is provided and will be available Thursday until Sunday one hour before the gates open until 45 minutes after the gates close.
The Edmonton Folk Music Festival begins on Wednesday, Aug. 4 with Van Morrison playing the special donation fund (基金) concert，and will finish up on Sunday，Aug. 8.
27. The Edmonton Folk Music Festival is held mainly to ________.
A. gather people with different musical tastes
B. remind people of the real sense of folk music
C. exhibit the good voices of great talents in folk music
D. collect old stories of folk music
28. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Riedel has volunteered for the festival for at least 5 years.
B. It's hard for people to appreciate Blues.
C. It costs people a little to fill up their cups from water stations.
D. People have to pay $2 for a plate of food.
29. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. people can get tickets easily for the festival
B. the Edmonton Folk Music Festival is well organized
C. driving one's own car to the festival is highly recommended
D. bikes are available at the festival from Wednesday to Sunday
30. What would be the best title for this passage?
A. Folk Music of Blues
B. One Festival for All
C. Festival for Family Gathering
D. Edmonton's Downtown Park
【答案】27. B 28. A 29. B 30. B
【解析】
27. B 细节题。根据第一段the Edmonton Folk Music Festival has been commemorating (纪念) the true feeling of what folk music is all about and that's the traditional togetherness that is felt when people gather to share stories and feelings through song.说明B正确。
28. A 推理题。根据第二段第一句This year will be the sixth year when volunteer Riedel will be offering up her time to the festival.说明这是他第六年做志愿者，故他最起码做了5年的志愿者，故A正确。
29. B 推理题。根据文章第三段第一行With so many years of experience, the festival has become a well-oiled machine, and does whatever it can to make attendees feel as comfortable as possible.说明这个活动已经举办多年，经验丰富，有很好的组织。故B正确。
30. B 主旨大意题。文章介绍了著名的The Edmonton Folk Music Festival，故B正确。
考点：考查新闻类阅读
点评：文章介绍了著名的The Edmonton Folk Music Festival的各种情况和信息。本文考查全面，细节题，推理题，主旨大意题都有所涉及，注重综合语言能力的运用的考查。
Unit 1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
真题训练
一、单项选择
1. （2021·天津卷）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A. to extend B. extended C. extending D. being extended
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is known as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。故选C。
2. （2012·江西卷）John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter ______ him it.
A. offered B. offering C. to offer D. to be offered
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：约翰真的获得了那份工作因为他给我们展示了给他提供那份工作的信件。offer作定语修饰letter，letter与offer him it构成主动关系，故使用现在分词形式,。故选B。
3. （2018·天津卷）There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money ______ for medical research has been well spent.
A. used B. using C. to use D. to be used
【答案】A
【解析】考查过去分词。句意：近年来医学取得了许多进展。这意味着用于医学研究的钱花得很值。分析句子可知，money与use在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选A项。
4. （2015·福建卷）(2015·福建) In recent years an English word ＂infosphere＂ has appeared, __________the sense of ＂information＂ and ＂ atmosphere＂.
A. combine B. combined
C. combining D. being combined
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近几年，一个叫做infosphere的英语单词出现了，结合了“信息”和“气氛”这两个单词。这里的结合与前面新出现的单词的关系是主动的，用现在分词。所以故选C。
5. （2012·上海卷）"Genius" is a complicated concept, ________ many different factors.
A. involved B. involving C. to involve D. being involved
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：本题考查非谓语，是这个概念的内容本身包含，用现在分词做定语，所以排除 A 和 D，而这个概念现在本身就包含，所以排除表示将来的C，所以答案为B。
6. （2014·山东卷）(2014·山东) There is a note pinned to the door ___________ when the shop will open again.
A. saying B. says
C. said D. having said
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：门上钉着一张纸条，写着这家商店什么时候再营业。在这个句子中note和say是主动关系，所以要用现在分词的一般式做伴随状语，表主动、进行。故选A。
7. （2012·湖南卷）The lecture, _______at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.
A. starting B. being started
C. to start D. to be started
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨晚7点开始的讲座之后是用望远镜观察月球。 start与逻辑主语the lecture之间为主动关系，故排除B、D两项。不定式作定语时，常表示动作尚未发生，故排除C项，此处用现在分词作后置定语，表示主动。故选A。
8. （2014·广西卷）Today there are more airplanes____ more people than ever before in the skies.
A. carry B. carrying
C. carried D. to be carrying
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在比以前有有更多的飞机运送乘客。此处airplane和carry之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语，表主动。故选B。
9. （2013·江苏卷）Lionel Messi, ______ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.
A. set B. setting C. to set D. having set
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：Lionel Messi在一年里创了几个记录，被认为是欧洲最具潜力的足球运动员。创纪录已经是过去，现在被认为是欧洲最具潜力的足球运动员，所以分词动作发生在谓语动词之前，所以用完成时。
10. （2013·上海卷）Sophia got an e-mail ________ her credit card account number.
A. asking for B. ask for C. asked for D. having asked for
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意: 索菲亚收到了一封索要她的信用卡账户号码的电子邮件。此处ask for是非谓语，与逻辑主语e-mail之间是主动关系,故选A项。
11. （2013·辽宁卷）Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail _______ for her.
A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waiting
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:考查非谓语动词。在There be 句型中，名词mail 和 wait 是主动关系，所以用现在分词做定语，表示正在进行。句意：劳拉去巴黎待了一周多。当她回到家的时候，家里有一大摞邮件在等着她。选C。
12. （2013·山东卷）The room is empty except for a bookshelf _____ in one corner.
A. standing B. to stand C. stands D. stood
【答案】A
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：除了角落里有一个书架外，房间里空荡荡的。_____ in one corner作定语修饰前面的名词a bookshelf ，“书架”和“站立”之间是主动关系，用现在分词短语作定语。故选A。
13. （2011·江苏卷）Recently a survey _______ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.
A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，一项对两家不同超市的同种商品价格进行比较的调查在市民中引起了激烈的争论。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语是a survey，谓语动词是has caused，宾语是heated debate。可见，句子结构是完整的，因此我们要选择的只能是非谓语动词形式。survey与compare之间存在主动关系，因此用现在分词短语作后置定语。故选B。
14. （2010·上海卷）The report indicated that 45% of students were in jobs not_______specific qualifications.
A. requiring B. to be required C. being required D. to have required
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究显示百分之四十五的学生在参加工作时不需要特定资质。not requiring specific qualifications做后置定语修饰jobs, jobs与非谓语动词require是主谓关系，表示主动关系用现在分词。故选A。
二、阅读选择
1
（2016·全国卷If you are a fruit grower — or would like to become one — take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around. It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.
Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.
There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you’ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.
Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园). If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.
15. What can people do at the apple events?
A. Attend experts’ lectures.
B. Visit fruit-loving families.
C. Plant fruit trees in an orchard.
D. Taste many kinds of apples.
16. What can we learn about Decio?
A. It is a new variety.
B. It has a strange look.
C. It is rarely seen now.
D. It has a special taste.
17. What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. A practical idea.
B. A vain hope.
C. A brilliant plan.
D. A selfish desire.
18. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show how to grow apples.
B. To introduce an apple festival.
C. To help people select apples.
D. To promote apple research.
【答案】15. D 16. C 17. B 18. B
【解析】本文为说明文。文章讲述了英国的苹果节的活动。
15. 细节理解题。根据第二段中Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples.可知，参加相关庆祝活动的人们可以品尝各种各样的苹果，故选D。
16. 推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.可知，由于其奇特的外形，使人们更多地感到好奇，可推断出这种苹果是非常少见的，故选C。
17. 词义猜测题。根据第三段中One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it可知，Orleans Reinette是最好吃的苹果品种之一，但它的种植条件非常苛刻，所以喜爱它的人想经常吃到它是徒劳的愿望，故选B。
18. 推理判断题。综合全文可知，作者向读者介绍了一个节日－－苹果节，并推荐人们参加这个节日，故选B。
2
（2017·全国卷）Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.
Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”
Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran.
Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,” says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”
19. Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A. To remember the birth of jazz.
B. To protect cultural diversity.
C. To encourage people to study music.
D. To recognize the value of jazz.
20. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Jazz becoming more accessible.
B. The production of jazz growing faster.
C. Jazz being less popular with the young.
D. The jazz audience becoming larger.
21. What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz?
A. It will disappear gradually.
B. It remains black and white.
C. It should keep up with the times.
D. It changes every 50 years.
22. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Exploring the Future of Jazz.
B. The Rise and Fall of Jazz.
C. The Story of a Jazz Musician.
D. Celebrating the Jazz Day.
【答案】19. D 20. C 21. C 22. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述UNESCO把4月30号定为国际爵士乐日，希望意识到爵士乐的价值，但实际收效甚微。
19. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.可知，UNESCO把4月30号定为国际爵士乐日是为了让人们重视爵士乐，意识到它的重要性以及它作为连接各文化的纽带之声的潜在功能，也就是为了让人们意识到爵士乐的价值。故选D。
20. 代词指代题。根据前文Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations可知，尽管UNESCO为爵士乐设了纪念日，但美国的爵士乐听众依然在减少，并且年龄在老化，爵士乐没能将年轻一代人连接起来。再结合It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that(是Jason Moran的工作是帮助改变那一情况)可推测，that指代的是前文中爵士乐在年轻一代人中失去吸引力的现象。故选C。
21. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same可知，Moran认为现在爵士乐不能 以1908或1958年的方式来呈现，因为世界已经不同了，所以爵士乐必须不断进步，说明随着时代的 发展，爵士乐也要跟上时代才不会被年轻一代所抛弃。故选C。
22. 标题选择题。通读全文可知本文主要讲UNESCO为提高人们对爵士乐的重视而设立爵士日， 但实际收效甚微。有人认为爵士乐应随着时代的进步而进步，否则将失去对人们的吸引力，因此本文主要是探索爵士乐的未来，故选A。
3
（2015·福建卷）Food festivals around the world
Stilton Cheese Rolling
May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors' lane（赛道）. Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). All the competitors arc served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment for Stilton cheese.
Fiery Foods Festival—The Hottest Festival on Earth
Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addiction—food that is not just spicy（辛辣）,but hot enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water. Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three clays every March. You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepper—officially the hottest pepper in the world—or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing's for sure—if you don't like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn't for you!
La Tomatina—The World's Biggest Food Fight
On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts Ea Tomatina—the world's largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week's events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes—official fight-starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd.
The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back. Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends again—and for a much-needed wash!
23. In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, competitors on each team must .
A. wear various formal clothes
B. roll a wooden cheese in their own lane
C. kick or throw their cheese
D. use a real cheese weighing about four kilos
24. Where is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival held?
A. In New Mexico.
B. In the Caribbean.
C. In Australia.
D. In China.
25. The celebration of La Tomatina lasts .
A. three days
B. seven days
C. less than three days
D. more than seven days
26. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.
B. More than 10,000 Chinese take pail in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
C. Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
D. An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina.
【答案】23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，分别讲述了英国、新墨西哥以及巴西的几个关于食物的传统节日。
23. 细节理解题。根据短文第一段Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes , roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course.四个队伍，穿着滑稽搞笑的衣服，在50米的路程中卷一个完整的奶酪，以及后面but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones这个奶酪是木头的，所以在斯蒂尔顿奶酪滚动比赛中，每个队的参赛者必须在自己的跑道上滚动一个木制的奶酪。故选B。
24. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico.可以知道这是在新墨西哥发生的事情，从段落中第三句Their destination is the Fiery Eood and BBQ Festival可以知道人们到新墨西哥是为了参加Fiery food festival.所以Fiery Food and BBQ在新墨西哥州举行。故选A。
25. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week's events.可知，为期一周的庆祝活动将引发一场激动人心的番茄大战，这是本周活动的亮点。所以西红柿大战这个西班牙的节日的持续时间是一周，故选B。
26. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二个破折号后面的文字or any one of the thousands of products that are on show.可以知道你可以任意品尝展出的上千种的食物，所以成千上万的辛辣食物在Fiery Eood and BBQ节上展出。故选C。
4
（2011·福建卷）For five days, Edmonton's Downtown Park is transformed into one huge stage where artists are able to share their talents, and where people are able to celebrate and enjoy themselves. Since its beginning in 1980, the Edmonton Folk Music Festival has been commemorating (纪念) the true feeling of what folk music is all about and that's the traditional togetherness (友爱) that is felt when people gather to share stories and feelings through song.
This year will be the sixth year when volunteer Riedel will be offering up her time to the festival. “People coming off a busy spring and summer have a moment of relaxation，” Riedel said. “It's really easy to relax, and it's great seeing family and friends have fun together.” These families and friends come from all different kinds of musical tastes. People who take pleasure in Blues are there, so are people who love Bluegrass. This festival does its best to develop everyone's musical interests.
With so many years of experience, the festival has become a well?oiled machine, and does whatever it can to make attendees feel as comfortable as possible. There are free water stations throughout the venue (举办地) for people to fill up their travel cups. When people buy food, reusable dishes are given a $2 plate fee, but that is returned when the plate is brought back.
The festival has completely sold out of tickets, and in record time. But with big names such as Van Morrison and Jakob Dylan，it's easy to see how that was going to happen. There is no parking area during the festival, so using the Park & Ride system or Edmonton Transit is highly recommended. A bike lock?up area is provided and will be available Thursday until Sunday one hour before the gates open until 45 minutes after the gates close.
The Edmonton Folk Music Festival begins on Wednesday, Aug. 4 with Van Morrison playing the special donation fund (基金) concert，and will finish up on Sunday，Aug. 8.
27. The Edmonton Folk Music Festival is held mainly to ________.
A. gather people with different musical tastes
B. remind people of the real sense of folk music
C. exhibit the good voices of great talents in folk music
D. collect old stories of folk music
28. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Riedel has volunteered for the festival for at least 5 years.
B. It's hard for people to appreciate Blues.
C. It costs people a little to fill up their cups from water stations.
D. People have to pay $2 for a plate of food.
29. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. people can get tickets easily for the festival
B. the Edmonton Folk Music Festival is well organized
C. driving one's own car to the festival is highly recommended
D. bikes are available at the festival from Wednesday to Sunday
30. What would be the best title for this passage?
A. Folk Music of Blues
B. One Festival for All
C. Festival for Family Gathering
D. Edmonton's Downtown Park
【答案】27. B 28. A 29. B 30. B
【解析】
27. B 细节题。根据第一段the Edmonton Folk Music Festival has been commemorating (纪念) the true feeling of what folk music is all about and that's the traditional togetherness that is felt when people gather to share stories and feelings through song.说明B正确。
28. A 推理题。根据第二段第一句This year will be the sixth year when volunteer Riedel will be offering up her time to the festival.说明这是他第六年做志愿者，故他最起码做了5年的志愿者，故A正确。
29. B 推理题。根据文章第三段第一行With so many years of experience, the festival has become a well-oiled machine, and does whatever it can to make attendees feel as comfortable as possible.说明这个活动已经举办多年，经验丰富，有很好的组织。故B正确。
30. B 主旨大意题。文章介绍了著名的The Edmonton Folk Music Festival，故B正确。
考点：考查新闻类阅读
点评：文章介绍了著名的The Edmonton Folk Music Festival的各种情况和信息。本文考查全面，细节题，推理题，主旨大意题都有所涉及，注重综合语言能力的运用的考查。