it的用法 -讲解
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(共32张PPT)
It’s 10:08
It’s lovely
It weighs only 3 kilos
It’s a large sum of money
2.2.指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back. 2.3.指环境: It was very quiet in the café. 2.4.指距离：
It is half an hour’s walk to the city centre. 3.it的其他用法
3.1.表示谁在做某事的句子： Who is it ---It’s me. Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 3.2.用来泛泛的指某件事： So you are going to be married this time？
When is it？
It doesn’t matter. /It is a shame, isn’t it
it可用来指代前文提到的人,物或事情,也可以用来指时间,金钱,距离,天气等自然现象
基本用法:
____ was a sunny day. Peter decided to go for a walk to the park, though _____ was two miles away. ___ was so comfortable to walk on the street.
it
It
It
Suddenly ___began to rain. He found __ hard to walk there. Then he took a bus home. Unfortunately ___ went wrong. When he got home, he was wet through. Thus ___ was a day that he would never forget.
it
it
it
it
Eg: It was a sunny day. Peter decided
to go for a walk to the park, though
it was two miles away.
Summary 2
It can be used as impersonal
pronouns to talk about time, date, distance or weather and so on.
S+ think + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to
do sth.
The chairman thought ___ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.(05全国)
A. that B. it C. this D. him
Sentence patterns:
B
…
find
possible
feel
…
important
/clause
形式宾语
2. S+ V + it + one’s duty +
( for sb. ) to do sth. /clause
3. S + V + it + no good + doing sth.
no use
形式宾语
I think it his duty to clean the
blackboard.
Sentence patterns:
…
a rule
an honour
… …
find possible
S+ think + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to do sth. /clause
feel important
… …
Sentence patterns:
形式宾语
…
a rule
2. S+ V + it + one’s duty + ( for sb. ) to do sth. /clause
an honour
…
3. S + V + it + no good + doing sth.
no use
I like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(04全国)
A. this B. that C. it D. one
点拨:这是it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词(如like, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, appreciate等)或包含介词的动词短语(如see to, depend on等)后接宾语从句,必须先由it担任形式宾语,再接从句.
I like (enjoy, hate…) it when
I would appreciate it if…
…see to (depend on…) it that
Sentence patterns:
C
形式宾语
It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview. Having the answers ready will be of great help.
2. The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”
3. It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
形式主语
高考真题
It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
4. It is important ( necessary， strange， natural...) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气. It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
5. It is said (reported， learned....) that ... It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
6. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded... ) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令．．．）
It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.
7. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ... 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
8. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that ... 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是① 常用过去时态表示虚拟．② 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省，常译为＂是（正是）．．．的时侯．．．＂ It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed.
9. It is the first ( second ... ) time that sb has/have done sth It was the first time that sb had done sth
It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here.
10. It is .... since ...。 该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题，主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died.
11. It is ... when ...。 该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为＂当．．．的时候，是．．．＂ It was 5 o’clock when he came here.
12. It be ... before ... 该句型主句中的 it 指时间， 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态．主句中的表语多是long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为“．．．之后．．．”。
It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job.
13. It happens (seems， appears) that... 该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen ， seem等词是不及物动词。 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．．
14. It takes sb. ... to do sth. It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
15. It is no good (use ) doing sth. 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good ， ( not any good ) ， no use ， ( not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English.
16. It doesn’t matter whether ( if ) ... 该句型中whether(if) 引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为 ＂不论（是否）．．．没关系．．．。 It doesn’t matter if they are old.
17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.
18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 该句型与上一个同属一个句型，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。 常见的形容词有：① important， necessary， natural ② easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant等。 =在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如： It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party.
…
possible
It is / was + adj. necessary + ( for sb. ) to do sth. / clause
important
…
…
one’s duty
It +is /was + n. one’s hope + clause /( for sb. ) to do sth.
an honour
…
…
said
It is / was p.p. known + that-clause
believed
…
形式主语
It is the ability to do the job__ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
It is / was + 被强调的部分 +that / who+句子其他成分
强调句型
高考真题
㈡.it的重要句型 1. It is + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father.
2. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
It was ___ back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go
B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went
D. until midnight when he didn’t go
In which play is ___ your brother appears
A. that where B. this when C. it that D. it where
It was in the lab ___ was taken charge of by Professor Zhang ___ they did the experiment.
A. where; that B. which ; where
C. that ; where D. which; that
强调句型
被强调的部分是not until引导的时间 状语
强调句型用于疑问句, 被强调的部分是特殊疑问词或从句引导词
In which play is it that…
It is …that…
Is it …that…
I don’t know in which play it is that…
强调句型和各种从句
高考热点
The Parkers bought a new house but ___ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
2. We’ve been looking at houses but haven’t found ___ we like yet.
A. one B. ones C. it D. them
3. I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than ___ in the city.
A. ones B. one C. that D. those
易误辨析:
it / one / that
B
A
C
the house that the Parkers bought
a house
the air
1.It’s years ___(since, before, after, that) I painted this beautiful picture.
2.It will be years ___(since, before, after, that) I paint this beautiful picture.
3.It was years ___(since, before, after,that) I painted this beautiful picture.
4.It’s for years ___(since, before, after, that) I have painted this beautiful picture.
易误辨析:
表示从since 从句谓语动作发生以后到现在所经过的一段时间，译为“自从......以来已多久了”
It is +时间段+since(过去时)...
表示从过去某一时间到before从句谓语动作发生所经过的一段时间,译为“多长时间后才/就做了…”
It + was + 时间段 + before(过去时)…
表示从现在起到before从句谓语动作发生所经过的一段时间,译为“多长时间后才会/就会做…”
It + will be +时间段 +before(一般现在时)…
_______
_____
______
____
Translate the following:
过了很久他才回来.
2. 我们很久后才会见面的.
3. 我离开这所学校已经很久了.
It was long before he came back.
It will be long before we meet again.
It is long since I left this school.
It is +时间段+since(过去时)...
It + will be +时间段 +before(一般现在时)…
It + was + 时间段 + before(过去时)…
易误辨析:
在一些固定用法中考查
常见的固定用法有:
make it 成功，安排在或定在某时间
forget it 别提了，忘了它吧
Don’t mention it 别提了，表示不用谢
It doesn’t matter 没关系
It(That) depends 视情况而定
You guessed it 你猜着了
It’s hard to say 很难说
It’s up to you to do sth.由你来决定做某事
Do you want to live another 100 years or more Some experts say that scientific advances will one day enable humans to last tens of years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life span… There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years,” he said. “Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years.” However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it.(04全国D)
The underlined “it”refers to ____
A. a great push
B. the idea of living beyond the present life span
C. the idea of living from 200 to 300 years
D. the conservative estimate
Reading comprehension
It’s 10:08
It’s lovely
It weighs only 3 kilos
It’s a large sum of money
2.2.指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back. 2.3.指环境: It was very quiet in the café. 2.4.指距离：
It is half an hour’s walk to the city centre. 3.it的其他用法
3.1.表示谁在做某事的句子： Who is it ---It’s me. Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 3.2.用来泛泛的指某件事： So you are going to be married this time？
When is it？
It doesn’t matter. /It is a shame, isn’t it
it可用来指代前文提到的人,物或事情,也可以用来指时间,金钱,距离,天气等自然现象
基本用法:
____ was a sunny day. Peter decided to go for a walk to the park, though _____ was two miles away. ___ was so comfortable to walk on the street.
it
It
It
Suddenly ___began to rain. He found __ hard to walk there. Then he took a bus home. Unfortunately ___ went wrong. When he got home, he was wet through. Thus ___ was a day that he would never forget.
it
it
it
it
Eg: It was a sunny day. Peter decided
to go for a walk to the park, though
it was two miles away.
Summary 2
It can be used as impersonal
pronouns to talk about time, date, distance or weather and so on.
S+ think + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to
do sth.
The chairman thought ___ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.(05全国)
A. that B. it C. this D. him
Sentence patterns:
B
…
find
possible
feel
…
important
/clause
形式宾语
2. S+ V + it + one’s duty +
( for sb. ) to do sth. /clause
3. S + V + it + no good + doing sth.
no use
形式宾语
I think it his duty to clean the
blackboard.
Sentence patterns:
…
a rule
an honour
… …
find possible
S+ think + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to do sth. /clause
feel important
… …
Sentence patterns:
形式宾语
…
a rule
2. S+ V + it + one’s duty + ( for sb. ) to do sth. /clause
an honour
…
3. S + V + it + no good + doing sth.
no use
I like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(04全国)
A. this B. that C. it D. one
点拨:这是it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词(如like, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, appreciate等)或包含介词的动词短语(如see to, depend on等)后接宾语从句,必须先由it担任形式宾语,再接从句.
I like (enjoy, hate…) it when
I would appreciate it if…
…see to (depend on…) it that
Sentence patterns:
C
形式宾语
It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview. Having the answers ready will be of great help.
2. The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”
3. It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
形式主语
高考真题
It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
4. It is important ( necessary， strange， natural...) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气. It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
5. It is said (reported， learned....) that ... It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
6. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded... ) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令．．．）
It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.
7. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ... 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
8. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that ... 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是① 常用过去时态表示虚拟．② 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省，常译为＂是（正是）．．．的时侯．．．＂ It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed.
9. It is the first ( second ... ) time that sb has/have done sth It was the first time that sb had done sth
It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here.
10. It is .... since ...。 该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题，主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died.
11. It is ... when ...。 该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为＂当．．．的时候，是．．．＂ It was 5 o’clock when he came here.
12. It be ... before ... 该句型主句中的 it 指时间， 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态．主句中的表语多是long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为“．．．之后．．．”。
It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job.
13. It happens (seems， appears) that... 该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen ， seem等词是不及物动词。 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．．
14. It takes sb. ... to do sth. It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
15. It is no good (use ) doing sth. 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good ， ( not any good ) ， no use ， ( not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English.
16. It doesn’t matter whether ( if ) ... 该句型中whether(if) 引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为 ＂不论（是否）．．．没关系．．．。 It doesn’t matter if they are old.
17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.
18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 该句型与上一个同属一个句型，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。 常见的形容词有：① important， necessary， natural ② easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant等。 =在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如： It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party.
…
possible
It is / was + adj. necessary + ( for sb. ) to do sth. / clause
important
…
…
one’s duty
It +is /was + n. one’s hope + clause /( for sb. ) to do sth.
an honour
…
…
said
It is / was p.p. known + that-clause
believed
…
形式主语
It is the ability to do the job__ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
It is / was + 被强调的部分 +that / who+句子其他成分
强调句型
高考真题
㈡.it的重要句型 1. It is + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father.
2. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
It was ___ back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go
B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went
D. until midnight when he didn’t go
In which play is ___ your brother appears
A. that where B. this when C. it that D. it where
It was in the lab ___ was taken charge of by Professor Zhang ___ they did the experiment.
A. where; that B. which ; where
C. that ; where D. which; that
强调句型
被强调的部分是not until引导的时间 状语
强调句型用于疑问句, 被强调的部分是特殊疑问词或从句引导词
In which play is it that…
It is …that…
Is it …that…
I don’t know in which play it is that…
强调句型和各种从句
高考热点
The Parkers bought a new house but ___ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
2. We’ve been looking at houses but haven’t found ___ we like yet.
A. one B. ones C. it D. them
3. I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than ___ in the city.
A. ones B. one C. that D. those
易误辨析:
it / one / that
B
A
C
the house that the Parkers bought
a house
the air
1.It’s years ___(since, before, after, that) I painted this beautiful picture.
2.It will be years ___(since, before, after, that) I paint this beautiful picture.
3.It was years ___(since, before, after,that) I painted this beautiful picture.
4.It’s for years ___(since, before, after, that) I have painted this beautiful picture.
易误辨析:
表示从since 从句谓语动作发生以后到现在所经过的一段时间，译为“自从......以来已多久了”
It is +时间段+since(过去时)...
表示从过去某一时间到before从句谓语动作发生所经过的一段时间,译为“多长时间后才/就做了…”
It + was + 时间段 + before(过去时)…
表示从现在起到before从句谓语动作发生所经过的一段时间,译为“多长时间后才会/就会做…”
It + will be +时间段 +before(一般现在时)…
_______
_____
______
____
Translate the following:
过了很久他才回来.
2. 我们很久后才会见面的.
3. 我离开这所学校已经很久了.
It was long before he came back.
It will be long before we meet again.
It is long since I left this school.
It is +时间段+since(过去时)...
It + will be +时间段 +before(一般现在时)…
It + was + 时间段 + before(过去时)…
易误辨析:
在一些固定用法中考查
常见的固定用法有:
make it 成功，安排在或定在某时间
forget it 别提了，忘了它吧
Don’t mention it 别提了，表示不用谢
It doesn’t matter 没关系
It(That) depends 视情况而定
You guessed it 你猜着了
It’s hard to say 很难说
It’s up to you to do sth.由你来决定做某事
Do you want to live another 100 years or more Some experts say that scientific advances will one day enable humans to last tens of years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life span… There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years,” he said. “Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years.” However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it.(04全国D)
The underlined “it”refers to ____
A. a great push
B. the idea of living beyond the present life span
C. the idea of living from 200 to 300 years
D. the conservative estimate
Reading comprehension