最新高中英语高考二轮语法复习：高考强调句课件(58张ppt)

(共58张PPT)
高考英语复习专题
在高考试卷中强调句已经成为高考热点。命题者加大了对句子结构复杂程度和知识面的考查，同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。这就要求我们在平时的复习和备考中注意总结，全面把握，深入研究。强调句主要有以下四大考点：
（1）考查强调句式的基本结构
（2）考查含有“not…until…”句型的强调句式
（3）考查强调句式的疑问句
（4）考查强调句式的正确判断
It
is
(was)
+被强调部分+
that
(who)+
句子其他部分。
此结构强调的成分仅限于主语、宾语、表语和状语。
一、强调句型的强调部分必须是对
that
/
who
之后句子的某一成分表示强调，如果把“It
is
(was)...that
”去掉，该句应该意思完整，不缺任何句子成分.
强调句型的判断
把“It,
be，that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构
仍然完整（被强调部分要还原到原位置），那么
这个句子就是强调句；如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。
如：
（1）①It
is
he
who
/
that
often
helps
me
with
my
English.
②It
is
on
the
hillside
that
we
plant
trees
every
year.
③It
was
because
of
bad
weather
that
the
football
match
had
to
be
put
off.(Shanghai
2003,
spring)
分析：去掉It
is
/
was...
that
/
who
句子后结构仍然完整，句意仍明确，都是强调句。
④
It
was
9
o'clock
when
we
came
back．
我们回来时是九点钟。
⑤
It
was
3
hours
since
we
had
come
back．
我们回来已三个小时了。
分析：
在上面例句中若去掉It
was...
when
/
before
/
since等后，句子结构就不完整，所以不是强调句。
2）
①
It
was
at
the
theatre
_________
Lincoln
was
murdered.
It
was
the
theatre
_________
Lincoln
was
murdered.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
the
one
C
B
②
It
was
our
teacher
________did
the
experiment
in
the
lab
last
night.
A.
whom
B.
that
C.
which
D.
where
③
It
was
ten
years
ago________
Miss
Gao
returned
to
China.
A.
that
B.
when
C.
since
D.
as
④
It
was
________
he
said
______disappointed
me.(Shanghai'99)
A.
what;
that
B.
that;
that
C.
what;
what
D.
that;
what
⑤
It
was
for
this
reason
________
her
uncle
moved
out
of
New
York
and
settled
down
in
a
small
village.
(Shanghai
2001,
spring)
A.
which
B.
why
C.
that
D.
how
B
A
A
C
Is
it
_____
who
wants
to
see
you?
A.
him
B.
he
C.
his
D.
himself
It
was
_____
who
respected
all
their
teachers.
A.
them
B.
their
C.
they
D.
themselves
C
---
What
is
Mary
?
---
Was
it
____that
you
were
referred
to
?
A.
he
B.
she
C.
her
D.
they
C
B
强调部分如果是人称代词，应根据句子需要选择它的主格或宾格形式
It
_____
Mike
and
Mary
who
helped
the
old
man
several
days
ago
.
A.
was
B.
are
C.
were
D.
had
been
A
It
_____
at
Christmas
that
John
Smith
gave
Mary
a
handbag.
A.
must
have
B.
will
be
C.
might
have
been
D.
may
have
had
C
注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性
强调句型中的be动词和情态动词的结合
It
may
be
+
被强调部分+
that......
It
must
have
been
+
被强调部分+
that....
Could
it
be
+
被强调部分+
that....
It
might
have
been
John
_____bought
a
new
book
for
Mary
yesterday.
A.
what
B.
since
C.
that
D.
then
It
may
be
next
week
_____she
leaves
for
Tokyo.
C
C
被强调的主语要和
that后面的谓语动词在数上保持一致。
（1）It
is
Mary
who
often_____(
help)
me
with
my
English.
（2）It
is
I
that
____(be)against
you.
（3）It
is
the
boy
students
of
Class
Two
who
___(be)playing
football
on
the
playground.
（4）It
is
Mr.
Green
,together
with
his
wife
and
children
,that
____in
China
now.
A
are
B
is
C
was
D
were
helps
am
are
B
强调部分为疑问词时：
_____
electricity
plays
an
important
part
in
our
daily
life
?
A.
Why
was
it
that
B.
Why
is
it
that
C.
Why
is
it
D.
Why
it
is
that
B
Who
was
it
_____
wanted
to
see
me
just
now
?
A.
that
B.
who
C.
when
D.
when
A
_____
you
met
the
foreigner
from
Canada
?
A.
Where
it
was
that
B.
Who
it
was
that
C.
Where
was
it
that
D.
Where
was
that
C
强调部分为疑问代词或疑问副词时，该强调句句型结构与特殊疑问句句型相
同，即：“疑问词
+
一般疑问句”
Eg:
Where
did
you
see
her
cellphone
yesterday
?
?Where
was
it
that
you
saw
her
cellphone
yesterday?（强调特殊疑问词where）
??
特殊疑问词+
is
/
was
+
it
+
that
+句子的其他部分（陈述语序）。
How
will
you
go
to
visit
her
tomorrow?
?How
is
it
that
you
will
go
to
visit
her
tomorrow?
（强调特殊疑问词how）
(22)
I
really
don’t
know
_____I
had
my
money
stolen.
A
where
is
it
that
B
when
it
is
that
C
where
it
was
that
D
it
was
where
that
C
_______
is
it
_______has
made
Peter
_______he
is
today?
A.
What;
that;
that
B.
That;
that;
what
C.
What;
what;
that
D.
What;
that;
what
[简析]：本题结构复杂，乍看难以理清，请看下面两句：
It
is
determination
that
has
made
Peter
what
he
is
today.
对划线部分提问→What
is
it
that
has
made
Peter
what
he
is
today?
结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式。
依此为据扩展开来可为：(背过）
1．How
is
it
that
she
turned
down
our
help?
什么原因使得…？
2．Where
was
it
that
you
met
Tom
yesterday?
究竟在哪…？
3．When
was
it
that
you
met
him
in
the
park?
究竟何时…？
4．When
and
where
was
it
that
you
got
to
know
Mary?
究竟在何时何地…？
5．Who
was
it
that
that
came
up
with
the
bright
idea?
究竟是谁…？
6．Which
book
is
it
that
you
want
to
buy?
究竟是哪一本书…？
7．Whose
umbrella
was
it
that
you
took
away?
到底是谁的伞…？
强调句型和（not）……until句型的结合。
句式特征为:
It
is/
was
until
+被强调部分+that
+延续动词
It
is/
was
not
until+被强调部分+that+短暂动词
如：用强调句型对I
didn’t
leave
until
it
got
dark.中的划线部分进行强调，则变成：
It
was
not
until
he
came
back
that
I
knew
the
result.
[简析]：注意此种情况下否定词not要从原题的主句上转移到被强调的从句上，这也是否定转移的一种形式。
It
was
until
last
year
that
he
________________________.
A.
left
school
for
a
new
start
B.
came
to
realize
the
importance
of
learning
English
C.
worked
as
an
English
teacher
at
a
middle
school
D.
set
out
to
build
a
new
house
of
his
own
[简析]：本题不含否定词not，四个选项中只有C项中的动词work为延续性动词，答案C。
It
was
not
until
late
in
the
evening
_____
her
husband
arrived
home
.
A.
which
B.
when
C.
that
D.
how
C
It
was
not
until
1920
_____
regular
radio
broadcasts
began.
A.
which
B.
when
C.
that
D.
since
C
It
was
not
_____
she
took
off
her
dark
glasses
_____I
realized
she
was
a
famous
film
star.
A.
when
;
that
B.
until
;
that
C.
until
;
when
D.
when
;
then
B
注意
"
not
...
until
"
句型的变化。比较下列三个句子：
She
didn't
remember
her
appointment
with
the
doctor
until
she
had
arrived
home.
It
was
not
until
she
had
arrived
home
that
she
remembered
her
appointment
with
the
doctor.
Not
until
she
had
arrived
home
did
she
remember
her
appointment
with
the
doctor.
强调部分为介词短语：
It
was
through
Jack
_____
Mary
got
to
know
Bob
.
A.
who
B.
whom
C.
how
D.
that
D
It
was
on
October
1st
1949
_____
new
China
was
founded
.
A.
which
B.
when
C.
as
D.
that
D
Was
it
in
this
palace
_____
the
last
emperor
died
?
A.
that
B.
in
which
C.
in
where
D.
which
A
It
was
the
school
gate
______
I
met
an
old
friend
of
mine
after
class
.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
where
D.
why
C
强调部分为介词短语时，表示时间或地点时，应注意与定语从句的区别
强调句中含有名词性从句
I‘ve
already
forgotten_____you
put
the
dictionary.
A.
that
it
was
there
B.
where
was
it
that
C.
that
where
it
was
D.
where
it
was
that
D
强调句中含有同位语从句
It
was
at
the
very
beginning
_____Mr.
Fox
made
the
decision_____we
should
send
more
firefighters
there.
A.
when,
which
B.
where
,
what
C.
then,
so
D.
that,
that
D
强调句中含有定语从句
It
was
in
the
small
house
______was
built
with
stones
by
his
father
_____he
spent
his
childhood.
A.
which,
that
B.
that,
where
C.
which
,
which
D.
that,
which
A
Could
it
be
in
the
restaurant
in
____
you
had
dinner
with
me
yesterday
____
you
lost
your
handbag?
A.
that;
which???
B.
which;
that???
C.
where;
that???
D.
that;
where
It
was
playing
computer
games
that
cost
the
boy
plenty
of
time
that
he
ought
to
have
spent
doing
his
lessons.
[简析]：划线部分作定语从句修饰先行词time。本题中有两个that，最大的误会就是把二者弄混，第一个that是强调句型中的；第二个that是关系代词引导定语从句的。因其作spent的宾语，可以省去。
Is
_____three
hours
______the
boy
_______family
is
poor
to
come
to
school
on
foot?
A.
it;
that;
whose
B.
it;
that
it
takes;
whose
C.
it
for;
that
it
takes;
whose
D.
it;
when;
that;
[简析]：本题结构复杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般问句形式和句式It
takes
sb
some
time
to
do
sth.的糅合。我们也分几步来看这个句子：
第一步：基本句式It
takes
the
boy
three
hours
to
come
to
school
on
foot.
第二步：以the
boy为先行词，后面附上定语从句，则变为：
It
takes
the
boy
whose
family
is
poor
three
hours
to
come
to
school
on
foot.
第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线部分进行强调，则变为：
It
is
three
hours
that
it
takes
the
boy
whose
family
is
poor
to
come
to
school
on
foot.
第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句即是该题，
经对比可知答案应为B。
强调句中含有状语从句
It
was
because
he
was
ill
that
he
didn't
come.
It
was
since
she
came
here
that
she
began
to
cry.
It
is
when
he
found
a
mouse
that
he
realized
it
was
a
dirty
room.
强调句型的形近句型。
(1)
It+
be+
adj.
/
n.
/
过去分词+that从句句型。该句型中的It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语从句。如：
It
is
important
that
he
(should)
learn
English
well.
It
is
a
fact
that
he
can
speak
both
English
and
Japanese.
It
is
suggested
that
he
leave
his
office
right
now.
(2)
“It
be
+时间段+since……”句型。如果since和延续性动词连用，则意为“某人不做某事已有多久了”；如和短暂动词连用，则为“某人做某事已有多久了”。如：
It
is
two
months
since
he
fell
ill.
他病了两个月了。
It
is
two
months
since
he
was
ill.
他病好已经两个月了。
（3）It
be+时间段+before……句型
表示“……多久后某事发生”。
It
was
a
long
time
before
they
met
again.
很长时间后他们才见面。
It
was
not
long
before
he
came
back.
时间过不久他们就回来了。
（4）“It
be…when……”句型
表示“某事发生时正是……时候”
It
was
1949
when
the
PRC
was
founded.
试比较强调句型句：
It
was
in
1949
that
the
PRC
was
founded.
(去掉it，was，that后仍是一个完整的句子)
用that.
beofre,
since,
when
完成下列各句
1.
It
was
three
hours
ago
____________
he
left
here.
2.
It
was
three
o'clock
_____________he
left
here.
3.
It
is
three
hours
______he
left
here.
4.
It
will
be
three
hours
________
he
leaves
here
5.
It
wasn't
long
_________he
left
here.
that
when
since
before
before
强调句型的省略形式
句式特征为:
在一定的上下文中，强调句型的某个部分可以省略。作题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。
1.
——Who
is
making
so
much
noise
in
the
garden?
——_________
the
children.
A.
It
is
B.
They
are
C.
That
is
D.
There
are
[简析]：强调句型在具体的语境中省略，其完整形式应是：It
is
the
children
who
are
making
so
much
noise
in
the
garden.。答案为A。
2．——He
was
nearly
drowned
once.
——When
was
_______?
——____
was
in
1998
when
he
was
in
middle
school.
(NMET
2002北京春季，30)
A.
that;
It
B.
this;
This
C.
this;
It
D.
that;
This
[简析]：在第三句话中when
he
was
in
middle
school.为定语从句，修饰1998，
其后省去了that
he
was
nearly
drowned
once.
此题如把关系副词when
也挖空，则很容易误选that。
答案为A
在强调句型中考察主谓一致与比较结构。
在强调句型中，有时也考察用rather
than，not
…but…等连接的平行对比结构，此时既要注重比较结构，又要注意主谓一致，属于较复杂的句式。
句式特征为：
It
is/was
not…but…that…
;
不是…而是…（that后的动词与but后的名词或代词保持一致）
It
is
/was
…
not
…
that…
;
或者：It
is/was…that…
not
…;
是…而不是…（that后的动词应与not前的名词或代词保持一致）
It
is/was
…
rather
than…
that…
;　
是…而不是…
(
that后的动词应与rather
than前的名词或代词保持一致)
1．It
is
not
help
but
obstacles
that
make
a
man.
[简析]：本句译为“使人成才的，不是助力，而是阻力”。注意obstacles和make形成主谓一致关系。
2．Personally
I
think
it
is
the
sales
manager,
rather
than
the
sales
girls,
______
to
blame.
A.
is
B.
that
is
C.
are
D.
who
are
[简析]：此句被强调部分中的the
sales
manager，通过rather
than与the
sales
girls形成比较结构，再考虑到主谓一致的原则，应选B。
3．(NMET
2000,
24)
It
is
the
ability
to
do
the
job
_____
matters
not
where
you
come
from
or
what
you
are.
A.
one
B.
that
C.
what
D.
it
[简析]：本题答案选B。在本题中被强调部分the
ability
to
do
the
job
与
not
where
you
come
from
or
what
you
are形成比较结构，the
ability
to
do
the
job与matters形成主谓一致关系。当然本题还可说成：It
is
the
ability
to
do
the
job
not
where
you
come
from
or
what
you
are
that
matters.
但这样就显得句子重心不稳，结构不合理。
强调句型的“让步含义”。
句式特征为：含有“让步含义”的强调句型在翻译成汉语时要注意“反译”。
1．It
is
a
wise
father
that
knows
his
own
child.
再英明的父亲也不会理解他自己的子女。（莎士比亚名言）
2．It
is
a
wise
man
that
never
makes
mistakes.
再聪明的人也会犯错误。
强调句型的反意疑问句形式
句式特征为：It
is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t
/
wasn’t
it？
11．It
was
Alice
and
her
boyfriend
who
sent
the
old
man
to
the
hospital,
______?
A.
do
they
B.
didn’t
they
C.
wasn’t
it
D.
was
it
[简析]：答案C.
此种情况下疑问句中的主语应与强调句型中的主语it保持一致，不能和被强调部分中的名词或代词保持一致，并要遵守“前肯定后否定”的原则。
考点诠释
考点1、强调部分从短语向句子过渡。
It
is
what
you
do
rather
than
what
you
say________matters.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
which
D.
this
在例子中强调了主语从句what
you
do
rather
than
what
you
say难点还在于每个句子都包含着两个分句，并且由rather
than引出　
答案：A　
还原为：What
you
do
matters,
not
what
you
say
matters
考点2、
强调句从肯定句向否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句过渡。
强调句的否定句形式为：It
is
/
was
not
+
被强调部分+
that
/
who
...
强调句的一般疑问句形式为：Is
/
Was
it
+被强调部分+
that
/
who
...?
强调句的特殊疑问句形式为：疑问词
+
is
/
was
it
+
that
/
who
...?
（1）.
Was
it
in
1969________the
American
astronaut
succeeded________landing
on
the
moon?
A.
when;
on
B.
that;
on
C.
when;
in
D.
that;
in
答案：D　
（2).
—________
that
he
managed
to
get
the
information?
—Oh,
a
friend
of
his
helped
him.
A.
Where
was
it
B.
What
was
it
C.
How
was
it
D.
Why
was
it
答案：C
考点3、从考查单一的强调句到把强调句置于从
句中，增加判断句子的难度。
David
said
that
it
was
because
of
his
strong
interest
in
literature
________he
chose
the
course.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
why
D.
how
例：强调句型却出现在宾语从句中，考生须熟
练掌握句子结构才能分辨出强调句型来。
答案：
A
考点4、干扰因素增多，增加了与其它相似句型的
辨析,
尤其是it开头的句子。
考查强调句与非强调句的辨别
1.
设置陷阱，使考生将强调句误判为非强调句。如：
It
might
have
been
John
______
bought
a
present
for
Mary
yesterday.
A.
that
B.
when
C.
what
D.
which
【解析】答案选A，为强调句型，由于句中动词be采用
了might
have
been这一复杂结构，所以许多同学们可能
会看不出它是一个强调句型。
2.
设置陷阱，使考生将非强调句误判为强调句。如：
It
was
evening
_______
we
reached
the
little
town
of
Winchester.
A.
that
B.
until
C.
since
D.
before
【解析】答案选D。有的考生一看到句首的it
was，再
联系到选项中的that，就以为这是考查强调句。其实错
了。此题是考查连词before的用法。因为去掉It
was…
that这一结构后，原句不能成为一个完整的句子，所以这
不是强调结构。句意是：我们还没有到达
Winchester这个小镇，天就夜了。
高考题回放
1.It
is
the
ability
to
do
the
job
__matters,
not
where
you
come
from
or
what
you
are.
A.
one
B.
that
C.
what
D.
it
2.It
was
only
when
I
reread
his
poems
recently_
I
began
to
appreciate
their
beauty.
A.until
B.
that
C.
then
D.
so
3.It
was
about
600
years
ago
__
the
first
clock
with
a
face
and
an
hour
hand
was
made.
A.
that
B.until
C.before
D.when
4.It
was
because
of
bad
weather___the
football
match
had
to
be
put
off.(2003)
A.so
B.so
that
C.why
D.that
课堂练
习
1.___in
1943___the
harmful
smog
made
its
appearance
in
Los
Angeles.
A.Only/that
B.It
was/then
C.That
it
was/when
D.It
was/that
2.It
was
on
the
National
Day___she
met
with
her
separated
sister.
A.that
B.when
C.where
D.which
√
√
3.Was
it
during
the
Second
War
__he
died?
A.
that
B.while
C.
in
which
D.
then
4.Who
__
helped
you
work
out
the
math
problem?
was
he
B.it
was
who
C.
Was
it
that
D.
it
was
5.It
is
near
the
place
___there
is
a
bomb____
we
found
the
dead
man.
A.where/where
B.
where/that
C.that/where
D.that/that
6.
It
was
Mike
and
Peter
who____the
reading
room
this
time
yesterday.
A.are
cleaning
B.were
cleaning
C.cleaned
D.cleans
√
√
7.It
is
the
room____
we
will
have
the
meeting.
A.that
B.which
C.where
D.there
8.It___
the
Chinese
people
that
___hardworking.
A.was/was
B.is/are
C.is/is
D.are/are
√
√
9.It
was
not
until
she
had
arrived
home
___
her
appointment
with
the
doctor.
A.did
she
remember
B.that
she
remembered
C.when
she
remembered
D.had
she
remembered
10.Where
was
it
___
the
road
accident
happened
yesterday?
when
B.
that
C.
Which
D.
how
11.It
was
for
this
reason
___
her
uncle
moved
out
of
London
and
settled
down
in
a
small
village.
which
B.
why
C.
that
D.
how
12.Was
it
at
the
school
___
was
named
HERO
___
he
spent
his
childhood.
that;that
B.
which;
that
C.
where;that
D.
that
;
which
It
was____he
said_____disappointed
me.
what…that
B.
that…that
C.
What…what
D.
that…what
It_____Mary
and
Mike
who
helped
the
old
man
yesterday.
was
B.
were
C.
are
D.
had
been
A
A
It
was
for
this
reason
______
her
uncle
moved
out
of
New
York
and
settled
down
in
a
small
village．
A．which
B．why
C．that
D．how
C
It
is
because
he
is
too
young
_____he
does
not
understand
it.
as
B.
so
C.
that
D.
what
C
_____
in
this
room
that
our
first
meeting
was
held.
Just
when
B.
When
C.
Where
D
.It
was
D
It
was
on
the
National
Day______
she
met
with
her
separated
sister.
A.
that
B.
where
C.
when
D.
which
A
It
was
not
until
1936_____baseball
became
a
regular
part
of
Olympic
Games.
A.
then
B.
which
C
that
D.
when
C
_______
computers
play
such
an
important
part
in
our
daily
life?
A．Why
it
is
that　　
B．Why
is
it
that
C．Why
was
it
that
D．Why
is
it
B
It
was
not
____she
took
off
her
glasses_____I
realized
she
was
a
famous
film
star.
A
.when
,
that
B
.until
,
that
C
.until
,
then
D.
when
,
then
B
Was
it
during
the
Second
World
War_____
he
died?
that
B
.while
C.
in
which
D
.then
A
_____
he
came
back
home
that
we
knew
what
had
happened
.
A.
When
it
was
B.
It
was
when
C.
Was
it
when
D.
When
was
it
B
It
was
the
training
____
he
had
as
a
young
man
_____made
him
such
a
good
engineer.
A.
what
;
that
B.
that
;
what
C.
that
;
which
D.
which
:
that
D