考法2 句法错误
语篇出处：2020年全国卷Ⅲ 语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：家庭生活
My
mom
is
really
concerning
with
the
health
of
everyone
in
our
families.
In
order
to
make
surely
all
of
us
are
in
good
health,
and
she
makes
specific
plans
for
us.
For
example,
every
morning,
my
dad
has
to
have
the
bowl
of
egg
soup
while
I
had
to
eat
an
apple.
My
dad
don't
like
the
soup
and
I
don't
enjoy
apples.
I
tell
my
mom
that
if
we're
forced
eat
things,
we
may
become
ill.
But
he
insists
on
us
eating
healthy
food.
Understanding
her
good
intentions,
I
eat
all
the
food
what
is
provided
by
Mom
with
appreciation.
My
mom
is
really
with
the
health
of
everyone
in
our
.
In
order
to
make
all
of
us
are
in
good
health
eq
\o(,\s\do16(④（简单句，不用连词and）))
she
makes
specific
plans
for
us.
For
example,
every
morning,
my
dad
has
to
have
bowl
of
egg
soup
while
I
to
eat
an
apple.
My
dad
like
the
soup
and
I
don't
enjoy
apples.
I
tell
my
mom
that
if
we're
forced
eat
things,
we
may
become
ill.
But
insists
on
us
eating
healthy
food.
Understanding
her
good
intentions,
I
eat
all
the
food
is
provided
by
Mom
with
appreciation.
1.I'll
remember
those
unforgettable
days
when
we
spent
together.
答案：when→that/which或去掉when 考查定语从句的引导词。在定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词，作宾语也可以省略。
2．There
is
a
large
shopping
centre
in
Wangfujing,
which
you
can
buy
traditional
hand?made
crafts
like
paper?cuts.
答案：which→where 考查定语从句的引导词。从句中不缺少主语或宾语，用关系副词引导定语从句。先行词表示地点，故用where引导该定语从句。
3．To
those
which
are
devoted
to
the
cause
of
education,
happiness
means
the
achievements
their
students
made.
答案：which→who 考查定语从句的引导词。先行词是指人的代词those，用who引导定语从句。
4.
September
1st
is
the
day
where
students
go
back
to
school
after
a
summer
vacation.
答案：where→when 考查定语从句的引导词。从句中不缺少主语或宾语，用关系副词引导定语从句。先行词是day，指时间，故用when引导该定语从句。
5．Whether
we
fear
when
traveling
in
summer
is
the
sudden
change
of
weather.
答案：Whether→What 考查主语从句的连接词。在从句中作fear的宾语，表示“所……的事物”，用what引导该主语从句。
6．What
impresses
me
most
is
he
wears
a
sincere
and
charming
smile.
答案：he前加that 考查表语从句的连接词。引导表语从句，在从句中不作任何成分，没有词义，但不能省略，故用that。
7．People
began
looking
across
to
see
when
the
noise
was
coming
from.
答案：when→where 考查宾语从句的连接词。此处表示“噪音来自哪里”。
8．He
was
about
to
leave
while
someone
knocked
on
the
door.
答案：while→when 考查状语从句的连接词。be
about
to
do
...
when
...
“正要做某事，突然……”。
9．She
had
finished
her
homework
after
her
mother
returned.
答案：after→before 考查状语从句的连接词。before表示“在……以前”符合语境。
10．Unless
three
of
us
are
walking
together,
at
least
one
of
the
other
two
is
bound
to
be
good
enough
to
be
my
teacher.
答案：Unless→If 考查状语从句的连接词。根据句意，这里的条件状语从句应用if引导。
11．Two
thirds
of
the
surface
of
the
earth
are
covered
with
water.
答案：are→is 考查主谓一致。当主语被分数或百分数修饰时，谓语动词与相关名词在人称和数上保持一致。句中主语是不可数名词surface。
12．I
am
busy
recently.
If
I
have
time,
I
would
visit
my
friends
more
often.
答案：have→had 考查虚拟语气。与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去时，主句用would
do形式。三、短文改错
考情分析
考法1 词法错误
语篇出处：2020年全国卷Ⅰ 语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：家庭生活
Today
I
tried
cooking
a
simply
dish
myself.
I
like
eating
frying
tomatoes
with
eggs,
and
I
thought
it
must
to
be
easy
to
cook.
My
mom
told
me
how
to
preparing
it.
First
I
cut
the
tomatoes
into
pieces
but
put
them
aside.
Next
I
broke
the
eggs
into
a
bowl
and
beat
them
quickly
with
chopstick.
After
that
I
poured
oil
into
a
pan
and
turned
off
the
stove.
I
waited
patiently
unless
the
oil
was
hot.
Then
I
put
the
tomatoes
and
the
beaten
eggs
into
pan
together.
“Not
that
way，”
my
mom
tried
to
stop
us
but
failed.
She
was
right.
It
didn't
turn
out
as
I
had
wished.
Today
I
tried
cooking
a
dish
myself.
I
like
eating
tomatoes
with
eggs,
and
I
thought
it
must
eq
\o(,\s\do16(③（情态动词后跟原型))
be
easy
to
cook.
My
mom
told
me
how
to
it.
First
I
cut
the
tomatoes
into
pieces
put
them
aside.
Next
I
broke
the
eggs
into
a
bowl
and
beat
them
quickly
with
.
After
that
I
poured
oil
into
a
pan
and
turned
the
stove.
I
waited
patiently
the
oil
was
hot.
Then
I
put
the
tomatoes
and
the
beaten
eggs
into
pan
together.
“Not
that
way，”
my
mom
tried
to
stop
but
failed.
She
was
right.
It
didn't
turn
out
as
I
had
wished.
1.We
thought
that
it
is
a
good
idea.
It
does
not
cost
much,
but
we
can
still
learn
a
lot.
答案：thought→think 考查动词的时态。后面句中用的都是一般现在时。
2．When
summer
came,
we
will
invite
the
students
to
pick
the
watermelons.
答案：came→comes 考查动词的时态。主句用一般将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时。
3．When
I
was
young,
I
would
went
to
the
bridge,
waiting
for
my
father
from
work.
答案：went→go 考查动词的时态。情态动词后用动词原形。
4．I
will
go
to
pick
vegetables
with
them
if
I
am
inviting.
答案：inviting→invited 考查动词的语态。表示被动用“be＋过去分词”。
5．Jim
asked,
“Do
you
know
what
is
happened
to
Jerry,
Lily?
He
didn't
come.”
答案：去掉is 考查动词的语态。动词happen是不及物动词，不用被动语态。
6．It
was
surprised
to
see
my
good
friends
when
I
went
on
business
in
another
city.
答案：surprised→surprising 考查形容词。修饰人时，常用?ed结尾的形容词，修饰物时常用?ing结尾的形容词。
7．He
often
spends
a
lot
of
time
do
some
reading.
答案：do→doing 考查非谓语动词。spend
time
doing
sth
“花时间做某事”。
8．He
spoke
clearly
so
that
he
could
make
himself
understand.
答案：understand→understood 考查非谓语动词。make
oneself
understood表示“使自己被别人理解”。
9．The
position
of
the
classroom
with
its
view
made
me
felt
like
I
was
dreaming.
答案：felt→feel 考查非谓语动词。make
sb
do
sth
“使某人做某事”。
10．Every
morning
I
listen
to
English
programs
to
improves
my
English.
答案：improves→improve 考查非谓语动词。不定式符号to后接动词原形。
11．The
key
to
learn
Chinese
well
is
to
do
more
reading.
答案：learn→learning 考查介词。key后面的to是介词，后面接名词或者动词?ing形式。
12．He
said
he
was
afraid
to
speak
in
front
of
a
largely
group
of
people.
答案：largely→large 考查形容词。修饰名词group用形容词形式。
13．They
often
get
up
earlier
and
water
the
vegetables
together.
答案：earlier→early 考查形容词。不表示比较，用原级。
14．To
catch
up
with
others,
he
worked
hardly
at
his
lessons.
答案：hardly→hard 考查副词。hardly
“几乎不”；hard
“努力地”。work
hard
at
...
“致力于……”。
15．It's
one
of
the
most
beautiful
view
that
I've
ever
seen
in
China.
答案：view→views 考查名词。在“one
of
the
...”句型中名词用复数。
16．It
is
great
honor
for
me
to
take
part
in
the
volunteer
work.
答案：great前加a 考查冠词。a
great
honor
“一件荣幸的事情”，这里属于抽象名词具体化。
17．Playing
piano
was
what
interested
me
most
when
I
was
young.
答案：piano前加the 考查冠词。play
the
piano
“弹钢琴”。
18．After
a
hour's
drive,
they
finally
arrived
at
their
destination.
答案：a→an 考查冠词。hour是以元音音素开头的名词，用不定冠词an。
19．Still
I
was
unwilling
to
play
the
game
for
them
sometimes.
答案：for→with 考查介词。play
the
game
with
them
“与他们一起玩游戏”。
20．As
scheduled,
the
activity
is
supposed
to
take
place
on
next
Friday.
答案：去掉on 考查介词。last,
next,
this,
that等修饰时间名词时，前面不用介词。考法3 行文逻辑错误
语篇出处：2020年全国卷Ⅱ 语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：国际交流
Thank
you
for
your
letter,
what
really
made
me
happy.
I'm
glad
to
know
that
you've
come
China
to
learn
kung
fu
in
a
school
in
my
hometown.
I'm
surely
you'll
have
a
good
time.
Actually,
I
start
to
learn
kung
fu
when
I
was
seven
years
old,
for
I
have
long
been
out
of
practice.
Luckily,
I
will
go
home
in
two
weeks
for
summer
vacations.
Then
I
can
spare
some
time
to
learn
it
again,
such
that
we
can
practice
together
on
every
day.
Best
of
luck
with
yours
learning
kung
fu
in
China.
See
you
sooner.
Thank
you
for
your
letter,
really
made
me
happy.
I'm
glad
to
know
that
you've
come
China
to
learn
kung
fu
in
a
school
in
my
hometown.
I'm
you'll
have
a
good
time.
Actually,
I
to
learn
kung
fu
when
I
was
seven
years
old,
I
have
long
been
out
of
practice.
Luckily,
I
will
go
home
in
two
weeks
for
summer
.
Then
I
can
spare
some
time
to
learn
it
again,
that
we
can
practice
together
eq
\o(,\s\do16(⑧))
every
day.
Best
of
luck
with
learning
kung
fu
in
China.
See
you
.
1.Mr
and
Mrs
Zhang
all
teach
in
our
school.
答案：all→both 考查代词。上文提到两个人，用both作同位语。all指代三者或者三者以上。
2．My
first
one
job
was
to
help
others
take
care
of
little
children.
答案：去掉one 考查代词。my
first
job
“我的第一份工作”，one多余。
3．My
parents
have
done
a
lot
for
me,
and
I
think
I
should
do
something
special
to
express
my
thanks
to
him.
答案：him→them 考查代词。此处指代上文提到的My
parents，用them代替。
4．He
spoke
in
such
a
loud
voice
that
he
wanted
to
make
him
heard
clearly.
答案：him→himself 考查代词。当主语和宾语指代同一个人时，用反身代词作宾语。
5．I'm
writing
to
tell
you
something
about
your
opinion
on
water
saving.
答案：your→my 考查代词。根据句意，应该是分享“我”自己的看法。
6．I
have
grown
not
only
physically,
and
also
mentally
in
the
past
few
years.
答案：and→but 考查连词。not
only
...
but
also
...
“不但……而且……”。
7．I
like
English,
but
I
have
learned
it
for
more
than
ten
years.
答案：but→and/so 考查连词。前后分句之间是并列关系，不是转折关系。
8．I
have
a
good
command
of
English,
it
is
an
advantage
when
applying
for
a
job
like
this.
答案：it前加and 考查连词。两个分句之间是逗号时，要有连词连接。
9．Though
I
didn't
like
maths,
but
I
still
worked
hard
at
it.
答案：去掉but 考查连词。though与but不能同时在一起连用。
10．I
didn't
give
up
when
I
was
in
trouble.
However,
I
kept
on
trying
until
I
succeeded.
答案：However→Instead 考查副词。句意：“我”遇到困难没有放弃，而是(instead)继续努力直到成功。
(2020·河南省九师联盟高三核心模拟卷(中))I
was
in
a
strange
city
that
was
knowing
only
by
GPS.
My
phone
died.
I
couldn't
figure
out
how
to
reach
which
my
former
classmate
lived.
I
stopped
at
McDonald's
and
walked
up
to
two
person
who
appeared
to
be
a
mother
or
her
teen
daughter.
“I'm
sorry,
but
did
you
mind
my
using
your
telephone？”
She
handed
me
her
phone
but
it
was
getting
ready
be
turned
off
because
she
didn't
have
enough
money
to
pay
a
bill.
I
made
for
my
phone
call.
Reaching
into
her
wallet.
I
pulled
out
all
I
had,
a
$20
bill.
I
pressed
it
into
the
mother's
hand
and
then
turned
to
leave
hurried.
答案：
I
was
in
a
strange
city
that
was
only
by
GPS.
My
phone
died.
I
couldn't
figure
out
how
to
reach
my
former
classmate
lived.
I
stopped
at
McDonald's
and
walked
up
to
two
who
appeared
to
be
a
mother
her
teen
daughter.
“I'm
sorry,
but
you
mind
my
using
your
telephone？”
She
handed
me
her
phone
but
it
was
getting
ready
be
turned
off
because
she
didn't
have
enough
money
to
pay
bill.
I
made
eq
\o(,\s\do16(⑧))
my
phone
call.
Reaching
into
wallet.
I
pulled
out
all
I
had,
a
$20
bill.
I
pressed
it
into
the
mother's
hand
and
then
turned
to
leave
.
1．knowing→known 考查过去分词。分析句子可知，I和know之间是被动关系，因此需要使用过去分词表被动，故将knowing改为known。
2．which→where 考查宾语从句的连接词。此处宾语从句作reach的宾语，连接词表示地点用where，故将which改为where。
3．person→persons 考查名词。数词two修饰可数名词person，故将person改为persons。
4．or→and 考查连词。此处为并列关系。句意：两人可能是妈妈和女儿的关系。故将or改为and。
5．did→do 考查固定搭配。短语do
you
mind
“你介意吗？”为固定搭配，故将did改为do。
6．ready后加to 考查固定用法。get
ready
to
do
“准备做……”，故在ready后加to。
7．a→her/the 考查代词/冠词。此处bill指这位女士的账单，表示特指，故将a改为her/the。
8．去掉for 考查固定用法。make在这里为及物动词，意为“打(电话)”，其后不加介词，故去掉for。
9．her→my 考查代词。根据后文“I
pulled
out
all
I
had”可知，是作者自己的钱包。故将her改为my。
10．hurried→hurriedly 考查副词。修饰动词leave应用副词hurriedly，故将hurried改为hurriedly。
