(共22张PPT)
Unit
13
We’re
trying
to
save
the
earth.
Section
B
3a-
Self
check
Revision
1.
停止乘小汽车
2.
回收纸
3.
用纸巾
4.
好好利用
5.
用垃圾建造房子
6.
倒置
7.
经营小生意
stop
riding
in
cars
recycle
paper
use
paper
napkins
put
to
good
use
build
a
house
out
of
rubbish
turn
upside
down
set
up
a
small
business
8.
回复，归还
9.
旧玻璃瓶
10.
拆下
11.
一个有创意的大脑
12.
开一个小店
13.
更受欢迎的作品
14.
给他人带来欢乐
bring
back
old
glass
bottles
pull
down
a
creative
mind
open
a
small
shop
more
popular
works
bring
happiness
to
others
Talk
about
2b
with
your
partner.
Have
you
heard
of
Amy
Hayes?
She
is
a
most
unusual
woman
who
lives
in
the
UK.
Why
is
she
unusual?
Because
she
built
her
house
out
of
rubbish.
What
is
her
gate
made
of?
It’s
made
of
rocks
and
old
glass
bottles.
Where
is
Jessica
Wong
from?
She
is
from
Hong
Kong.
What
does
she
do?
She
uses
old
clothes
that
people
don’t
wear
anymore
to
make
bags.
How
does
she
sell
her
bags?
She
opens
a
small
shop
and
set
up
a
website
to
sell
them.
And
what
is
Wang
Tao
known
for?
He
is
known
for
using
iron
and
other
materials
from
old
cars
to
make
beautiful
art
pieces.
What
does
he
hope
to
do?
He
hopes
to
set
up
a
“metal
art”
theme
park
to
show
people
the
importance
of
environmental
protection.
Warming
up
What
should
we
do
to
save
the
earth?
Turn
off
the
lights
when
we
leave
a
room.
Take
our
own
bags
when
shopping.
Ride
a
bike.
Recycle
paper.
Don’t
use
paper
napkins.
What
should
governments
do
to
save
the
earth?
They
should
close
down
the
factories
that
put
waste
into
the
river.
Set
up
a
lot
of
dustbins
on
the
street.
Stop
people
from
using
wooden
chopsticks,
plastic
bowls
and
bags.
Organize
people
to
clean
up
the
streets
and
rivers.
Think
about
the
environment
in
your
town/
city
and
complete
the
chart
below.
Which
parts
of
the
town/
city
have
a
nice
environment?
Why
are
they
nice?
Which
parts
need
to
be
improved?
Why?
3a
Good
environment
Why
Bad
environment
Why
park
the
air
is
clean
streets
so
many
trees
restaurants
clean
and
tidy
river
a
lot
of
rubbish
so
many
cars
air
too
many
factories
streets
Write
a
letter
to
the
city
mayor
about
the
problems
and
your
suggestions.
In
your
letter,
describe
the
environmental
problems
in
your
town/city.
1.
What
are
the
problems?
2.
Where
are
they?
3.
What
or
who
is
causing
these
problems?
3b
Then,
give
suggestions
or
possible
ways
to
solve
the
problems.
I
think
that…
We
should/
could…
I
suggest…
本次写作内容是一封书信，信中首先要介绍你所在城市存在有哪些环境问题，是谁造成的这些问题，然后提出解决这些环境问题的方法和措施，可以结合3a中列举的问题和前面学过的解决办法来完成这封信。
写作指导
One
possible
version
Dear
Sir/
Madam,
Environmental
problems
are
becoming
more
and
more
serious
all
over
the
world.
With
the
development
of
the
society,
there
are
too
many
cars
on
the
streets
in
our
city.
Cars
have
made
the
air
unhealthy
for
people
to
breathe.
Black
smoke
and
poisonous
gas
are
given
off
by
factories.
Factories
also
put
waste
into
the
river.
And
wherever
we
go,
we
can
find
rubbish.
Now
more
and
more
people
have
realized
these
problems.
I
think
that
governments
should
close
down
the
factories
and
develop
laws
to
stop
people
from
driving
cars
every
day.
I
suggest
everyone
in
this
town
should
help
to
clean
up
the
river
and
the
streets.
We
should
call
on
everyone
in
the
town
to
throw
rubbish
in
the
dustbins.
I
hope
the
problem
will
be
solved
in
the
near
future
and
our
home
will
become
better
and
better.
1.
Write
different
forms
of
the
words.
Then
add
more
to
each
group.
v.—
n.
pollute
---
act
---
protect---
inspire
---
build
---
create
---
farm
---
sing
---
travel---
drive
---
run
---
write
---
pollution
action
protection
inspiration
building
creation
farmer
singer
traveler
driver
runner
writer
Self
Check
n.
—
adj.
fame
---
wood
---
science---
health
---
south
---
care
---
rain
---
cloud---
luck
---
help
---
color
---
day
---
famous
wooden
scientific
healthy
southern
careful
rainy
cloudy
lucky
helpful
colorful
daily
adj.—
n.
sunny
---
noisy
---
harmful
---
beautiful
---
different
---
important---
woolen
---
sun
noise
harm
beauty
difference
importance
wool
adj.
—
adv.
slow
---
wide
---
sudden
---
real
---
quick
---
true
---
possible---
happy
---
loud
---
quiet
---
heavy
---
easy
---
angry
---
good
---
slowly
widely
suddenly
really
quickly
truly
possibly
happily
loudly
quietly
heavily
easily
angrily
well
2.
Match
each
statement
with
the
grammar
structure.
Statement
Grammar
The
river
used
to
be
so
clean.
Present
progressive
We
have
seen
many
changes
in
the
environment.
Modal
verbs
People
should
take
public
transportation
more.
Passive
voice
The
river
is
polluted
by
factories.
used
to
The
air
pollution
is
getting
worse
and
worse.
Present
perfect
3.
Write
ways
to
cut
down
on
these
kinds
of
pollution.
Kinds
of
pollution
Ways
to
cut
down
water
pollution
land
pollution
noise
pollution
air
pollution
stop
factories
from
throwing
waste
into
rivers.
Try
not
to
use
plastic
bags
when
shopping
Cut
down
the
number
of
cars.
Reduce
the
number
of
factories
that
burn
coal.(共50张PPT)
Unit
13
We’re
trying
to
save
the
earth.
Section
B
1a-2e
新课导入
The
earth
is
badly
polluted.
What
should
we
do
to
save
the
earth?
Let’s
take
action
(采取行动)
Turn
off
the
lights
when
you
leave
a
room.
Take
buses
instead
of
driving
cars.
Recycle
books
and
paper.
v.
回收利用；再利用
Don’t
use
paper
napkins.
n.
餐巾纸
You
can
help
reduce
pollution
by
putting
that
soda
can
in
a
different
bin.
Turn
off
the
shower
while
you
are
washing
your
hair.
What
can
we
do
to
help
save
the
earth?
Rank
these
items
from
the
easiest(1)
to
the
most
difficult(5).
___
stop
riding
in
cars
___
recycle
books
and
paper
___
turn
off
the
lights
when
you
leave
a
room
___
turn
off
the
shower
while
you
are
washing
your
hair
___
don’t
use
paper
napkins
5
4
1
3
2
1a
Recycling
paper
is
really
easy.
I
agree.
But
it’s
hard
to
stop
riding
in
cars.
Compare
your
answers
in
1a
with
your
partner.
1b
Listen
and
check
(√
)
the
things
that
Julia
and
Jack
talk
about.
Things
Julia
and
Jack
talk
about
___
turning
off
the
lights
___
turning
off
the
shower
___
not
using
paper
napkins
1c
Things
Julia
and
Jack
talk
about
___
taking
your
own
bags
when
shopping
___
not
riding
in
cars
___
riding
a
bike
___
recycling
paper
Listen
again.
Check
(√
)
the
things
that
Julia
is
doing
now,
the
things
she
will
do
in
the
future
and
the
things
she
would
never
do.
1d
Listen
again
and
answer
the
questions.
Who
read
a
book?
Would
Julia
turn
off
the
shower
when
she
is
washing
the
hair?
3.
Does
Jack
live
close
to
school?
Jack.
No,
she
would
never
do
that.
Yes,
he
does.
We
really
shouldn’t
use
paper
napkins,
you
know.
I
know.
I
stopped
using
them
last
year.
Make
a
conversation
using
the
information
from
the
chart
above.
Say
what
is
true
for
you.
1e
You
should
turn
off
the
shower
when
you’re
washing
your
hair.
Oh,
I
would
never
do
that.
I
have
very
short
hair,
it
only
takes
a
few
minutes
to
wash.
We
should
take
our
own
bags
when
we
go
shopping.
Oh,
that’s
easy.
I’ll
do
that
from
now
on.
Look
at
the
title
and
the
pictures
in
2b.
Can
you
guess
what
the
passage
is
about?
It's
about
how
people
can
think
of
creative
ways
to
use
things
that
are
no
longer
wanted.
2a
Read
the
passage
and
complete
the
chart
below.
2b
Rethink,
Reuse,
Recycle!
Do
you
often
throw
away
things
you
don’t
need
anymore?
Have
you
ever
thought
about
how
these
things
can
actually
be
put
to
good
use?
Nothing
is
a
waste
if
you
have
a
creative
mind.
You
have
probably
never
heard
of
Amy
Hayes,
but
she
is
a
most
unusual
woman.
She
lives
in
a
house
in
the
UK
that
she
built
herself
out
of
rubbish.
The
windows
and
doors
come
from
old
buildings
around
her
town
that
were
pulled
down.The
top
of
the
house
is
an
old
boat
turned
upside
down.
And
the
gate
infront
of
her
house
is
made
of
rocks
and
old
glass
bottles.
Amy
recently
won
a
prize
from
the
Help
Save
Our
Planet
Society.
The
president
said,
“Amy
is
an
inspiration
to
us
all.”
Amy
isn’t
the
only
one
who
is
good
at
recycling.
Jessica
Wong
from
Hong
Kong
uses
old
clothes
that
people
don’t
wear
anymore
to
make
bags.
She
has
been
doing
this
for
a
few
years
now.
She
opened
a
small
shop
where
she
sells
her
bags,
and
she
has
also
set
up
a
website
to
sell
them
online.
She
especially
likes
to
use
old
jeans
to
make
handbags.
Her
bags
are
cute
and
useful.
“I
plan
to
write
a
book
about
new
ways
to
use
old
clothes,”
she
said.
“I
hope
people
can
read
my
book
and
enjoy
it!”
Wang
Tao
set
up
a
small
business
in
Shanghai
four
years
ago.
He
is
known
for
using
iron
and
other
materials
from
old
cars
to
make
beautiful
art
pieces.
Some
are
large
pieces
that
look
like
animals
or
humans,
and
some
are
smaller
pieces
you
can
put
at
home.
The
more
popular
works
can
even
been
seen
in
art
shops
around
the
city.
Wang
Tao
hopes
to
set
up
a
“metal
art”
theme
park
to
show
people
the
importance
of
environmental
protection.
Not
only
can
the
art
bring
happiness
to
others,
but
it
also
shows
that
even
cold,
hard
iron
can
be
brought
back
to
life
with
a
little
creativity.
Names
What
materials
did
they
use?
What
did
they
make?
Amy
Hayes
windows
and
doors
of
old
buildings
that
have
been
pulled
down
an
old
boat
rocks
old
glass
bottles（n.瓶子）
a
house
Names
What
materials
did
they
use?
What
did
they
make?
Jessica
Wong
Wang
Tao
old
clothes;
especially
old
jeans
bags
iron
(n.
铁)
and
other
materials
from
old
cars
beautiful
art
pieces
1.
Did
she
win
an
award?
What
was
it
from?
2.
Where
did
her
windows
and
doors
come
from?
Read
paragraph
2
and
answer
the
questions.
Yes,
she
did.
It
was
from
the
Help
Save
Our
Planet
Society.
They
came
from
old
buildings
around
her
town
that
were
pulled
down.
她住在英国，房子是她自己用废弃物建造而成。
3.
What
does
the
sentence
“she
lives
in
a
house
in
the
UK
that
she
built
herself
out
of
rubbish”
mean?
Read
paragraph
3
and
answer
the
questions.
1.
Is
Jessica
Wong
good
at
recycling?
What
does
she
do?
2.
Where
does
she
sell
her
bags?
3.
What
will
she
write
in
her
book?
Yes,
she
is.
She
uses
old
clothes
that
people
don’t
wear
anymore
to
make
bags.
Her
shop
and
website.
New
ways
to
use
old
clothes.
Read
paragraph
4
and
answer
the
questions.
What
does
Wang
Tao
hope
to
set
up?
Why?
A
“metal
art”
theme
park.
Because
he
wants
to
show
people
the
importance
of
environmental
protection.
2.
Translate
the
sentence
“Not
only
can
the
art
bring
happiness
to
others,
but
it
also
shows
that
even
cold,
hard
iron
can
be
brought
back
to
life
with
a
little
creativity.”
into
Chinese.
艺术不但可以给人们带来快乐，而且也说明只需要一点创造力，即使是冰冷、坚硬的铁也可产生活力。
1)
throw
away扔掉，丢弃浪费
(机会、
优势或好处)
e.g.
I
never
throw
anything
away.
我从来不扔任何东西。
Language
Points
Do
you
often
throw
away
things
you
don’t
need
anymore?
1
e.g.
Don’t
throw
away
this
opportunity.
不要错过这个机会。
3)
浪费(时间、金钱等)乱花(钱等)
e.g.
It
will
be
time
and
money
thrown
away.
这将是浪费时间和金钱。
2)
错过(机会等)，放过；未能很好利用
(机会等)
e.g.
Your
creative
talents
can
also
be
put
to
good
use,
if
you
can
work
up
the
energy.
如果你能让自己精力充沛起来，你
的创作才能也能得到很好的发挥。
Have
you
ever
thought
about
how
these
things
can
actually
be
put
to
good
use?
put
sth.
to
good
use
好好利用
2
She
lives
in
a
house
in
the
UK
that
she
built
herself
out
of
rubbish.
build/make
...
out
of?用……建造/制造
e.g.
He
built
a
model
ship
out
of
wood.
他用木头造了个模型船。
Some
birds?build?nests?out?of?twigs.
一些鸟用小枝筑巢。
3
e.g.
Tony
had
an
upside-down
map
of
Britain
on
his
wall.
托尼的墙上倒挂了一张英国地图。
The
lid,
turned
upside
down,
served
as
a
coffee
table.
那个盖子被翻过来当作咖啡桌。
The
top
of
the
house
is
an
old
boat
turned
upside
down.
4
turned
upside
down
意为“被翻转过来的；
被颠倒过来的”，做后置定语修饰boat。
And
the
gate
in
front
of
her
house
is
made
of
rocks
and
old
glass
bottles.
be
made
of和be
made
from都表示“由……制成”，但二者的用法有区别。
be
made
of常常表示原材料未发生化学变化，从成品中仍可看出原材料；
be
made
from常常表示原材料经过化学变化，从成品中看不出原材料。
5
The
desks
and
chairs
are
made
of
wood.
这些课桌椅是木材制成的。
This
kind
of
wine
is
made
from
wheat.
这种酒是用小麦制成的。
He
is
known
for
using
iron.
be
known
for
因……而著名
be
known
as
作为……而著名
be
known
to
对于某人来说是著名的
6
e.g.
He
was
known
for
his
friendly.
他以友好而著称。
He
is
known
to
the
police
as
a
thief.
对警察来说是一个小偷。
Zhou
Jielun
is
known
as
a
rap
singer.
周杰伦是作为一个说唱歌手而出名。
Not
only
can
the
art
bring
happiness
to
others,
but
it
also
shows
that
even
cold,
hard
iron
can
be
brought
back
to
life
with
a
little
creativity
(n.
创造力).
bring
back
恢复；使想起；归还
7
not
only
...
but
(also)
...
表示“不但……而且……”。本句中的not
only位于句首，其后的主谓要部分倒装，即根据主语的人称和数以及时态的变化，将不同的助动词提到主语前，需要注意的是but
(also)后面的主谓不用倒装。例如：
Not
only
did
my
aunt
teach
at
school,
but
(also)
she
wrote
articles
for
newspapers.
我阿姨不仅在学校教书而且还给报纸写稿。
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
correct
forms
of
the
phrases
in
the
box.
put
to
good
use
build
...
out
of
pull
down
set
up
known
for
not
only
...
but
also
Amy
Hayes
lives
in
the
UK.
Many
of
the
old
buildings
in
her
neighborhood
were
_________
.
2.
All
the
rubbish
and
old
things
in
Amy’s
neighborhood
were
then
_____________when
Amy
built
her
house.
pull
down
put
to
good
use
2c
3.
Amy
is
very
creative
and
she
_____
her
front
gate
_____
rocks
and
old
glass
bottles.
She
put
an
old
boat
on
top
of
her
house.
4.
Jessica
Wong
sells
her
bags
in
a
small
shop,
but
she
has
also
_____an
online
business
to
sell
them.
5.
Though
Jessica’s
bags
are
made
from
old
clothes,her
bags
are
_________being
cute
and
useful.
6.
Wang
Tao
_______
makes
large
pieces
of
metal
art
that
look
like
animals
or
humans,
_______
makes
smaller
pieces
for
the
home.
built
out
of
set
up
known
for
not
only
but
also
Underline
the
words
in
the
passage
based
onthe
words
below.
What
are
the
differences?
think
use
usual
actual
build
create
special
recent
environment
important
protect
inspire
2d
Make
a
list
of
things
that
need
to
be
done
to
save
the
environment.
Which
things
can
be
done
by
regular
people
every
day?
Which
things
have
to
be
done
by
governments
and
organizations?
Discuss
these
with
your
group.
2e
Things
which
can
be
done
by
people
every
day:
take
your
own
bags
when
you
go
shopping.spend
less
time
in
the
showerturn
off
the
lights
when
you
leave
a
roomtake
public
transport
rather
than
driveavoid
using
air
conditioners
Things
which
have
to
be
done
by
governments
and
organizations:
educate
the
public
ensure
that
factories
get
rid
of
waste
in
a
responsible
way
preserve
the
forests
preserve
endangered
species
not
allow
activities
that
seriously
endanger
the
environment
用方框中词的适当形式完成下面的句子。
1.
Mr.
Wang
is
the
_________
of
the
company.
2.
The
young
man
likes
Lu
Xun’s
______.
3.
Could
you
please
give
me
a
______
of
water?
4.
Tom!
Someone
is
waiting
for
you
at
the
school
_____.
5.
We
should
______
garbage,
not
burn
it
recycle,
gate,
bottle,
president,
work
president
works
bottle
gate
recycle
1.?I?will?take?my?______?examination?next?week,?and?then?I?will?leave?university.?
2.?He?got?up?early?this?morning?so?that?he?could?______the?early?bus.?
3.?There?is?too?much?_____?in?this?class.?I?can’t?hear?you?clearly.?
4.?The?box?is?so?heavy?that?he?can’t______?it.?
5.?The?little?boy?likes?to?see?tigers?and?________?
in?the?zoo.
catch
noise
monkeys
final
left
final
catch
noise
left
monkeys
II.
单项选择。
1.
—Your
coat
looks
nice.
—It’s
made
____
cotton.
And
it
was
made
____
Shanghai.
A.
in;
by
B.
from;
by
C.
by;
in
D.
of;
in
2.
—____
he
____
I
have
been
to
Beijing.
—Really?
When
did
you
do
there?
A.
Not
only;
but
also
B.
Neither;
nor
C.
Either;
or
D.
Too;
to
3.
The
old
city
walls
are
dangerous.
So
they
will
be
_____
soon.
A.
pulled
down
B.
pulled
out
C.
pulled
over
D.
pulled
off
4.
The
old
man
built
himself
a
house
____
wood.
A.
out
of
B.
in
to
C.
to
use
D.
in
for
5.
They
decided
to
____
a
small
business
to
make
some
money.
A.
set
up
B.
put
up
C.
take
up
D.
go
up
Homework
Survey
the
students
in
our
class.
Then
take
a
class
vote.
Do
you…
Names
recycle
paper?
turn
off
lights
in
the
house?
…(共61张PPT)
Unit
13
We’re
trying
to
save
the
earth.
Section
A
(3a-4c)
新课导入
There
are
some
animals
are
endangered.
We
should
do
something
to
protect
the
animals
and
the
environment!
Save
the
earth!
Save
the
animals!
The
zoos
provide
homes
for
many
endangered
animals.
1.
Have
you
ever
seen
a
shark（鲨鱼）?
2.
What
do
you
know
about
sharks?
Discuss
with
your
partner:
Where
shark
fin
soup
is
popular
Number
of
sharks
caught
and
traded
every
year
How
government
can
help
Two
environmental
groups
against
“finning”
southern
China
70
million
develop
laws
to
stop
the
sale
of
shark
fins
WildAid
and
the
WWF
Read
the
passage
about
sharks
and
complete
the
fact
sheet
below.
3a
Many
have
heard
of
shark’s
fin
soup.
This
famous
and
expensive
dish
is
especially
popular
in
southern
China.
But
do
you
realize
that
you’re
killing
a
whole
shark
each
time
you
enjoy
a
bowl
of
shark’s
fin
soup?
When
people
catch
sharks,
they
cut
off
their
fins
and
throw
the
shark
back
into
the
ocean.
Without
a
fin,
a
shark
can
no
longer
swim
and
slowly
dies.
This
method
is
not
only
cruel,
but
also
harmful
to
the
environment.
Sharks
are
at
the
top
of
the
food
chain
in
the
ocean’s
ecosystem.
If
their
numbers
drop
too
low,
it
will
bring
danger
to
all
ocean
life.
Many
believe
that
sharks
can
never
be
endangered
because
they
are
the
strongest
in
their
food
chain.
But
in
fact,
around
70
million
sharks
are
caught
and
traded
in
this
industry
every
year.
The
numbers
of
some
kinds
of
sharks
have
fallen
by
over
90
percent
in
the
last
20
to
30
years.
Environmental
protection
groups
around
the
world,such
as
WildAid
and
the
WWF,
are
teaching
the
public
about
“finning”.They
have
even
asked
governments
to
develop
laws
to
stop
the
sale
of
shark’s
fins.
So
far,
no
scientific
studies
have
shown
that
shark’s
fins
are
good
for
health,
so
why
eat
them?
Help
save
the
sharks！
Read
the
passage
again
and
fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
words
in
the
box.
so
although
if
but
when
Many
people
do
not
realize
they
are
killing
a
whole
shark
______
they
enjoy
a
bowl
of
shark
fin
soup.
2.
Sharks
are
at
the
top
of
the
food
chain,
____
if
their
numbers
drop,
the
ocean’s
ecosystem
will
be
in
danger.
when
so
3b
3.
Many
think
that
sharks
are
too
strong
to
be
endangered,
_____
they
are
wrong.
4.
_________
there
are
no
scientific
studies
to
support
this,
a
lot
of
people
believe
that
shark
fins
are
good
for
health.
5.
Sharks
may
disappear
one
day
___
we
do
not
do
something
to
stop
the
sale
of
shark
fins.
but
Although
if
Retell
the
passage
according
to
the
words
below.
shark
fin
soup
in
southern
China
each
time
cut
off
no
longer
not
only…but
also…
at
the
top
drop
be
endangered
the
strongest
around
70
million
fallen
by
over
90
percent
WildAid
and
the
WWF
develop
laws
scientific
studies
A
shark
can
no
longer
swim
and
slowly
dies.
鲨鱼不能再游泳然后慢慢死掉。
no
longer意思是“不再”
e.g.
I’m
no
longer
a
student.
我不再是个学生了。
有两个短语和no
longer同义，即not…any
longer和not…any
more，但他们侧重的方面不同。
1
no
longer和not…any
longer侧重时间。
e.g.
He
no
longer
lives
here.
=
He
doesn’t
live
here
any
longer.
他不在这儿居住了。(一个时间以前他住
在这儿，过了这个时间，他就离开了。)
not…any
more侧重程度和数量
e.g.
You
can
drink
no
more.
=
You
can’t
drink
any
more.
你不能再喝了。(喝酒的量到了一定程
度，不能再继续下去了。)
This
method
is
not
only
cruel,
but
also
harmful
to
the
environment.
这种方法不但残忍而且对环境有害。
not
only…but
also…
用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅……而且……”;
其中的also有时可以省略。
2
e.g.
She
not
only
plays
well,
but
also
writes
music.
她不但很会演奏，而且还会作曲。
Not
only
men
but
also
women
were
chosen.
不仅仅是男的，女的也有被选中的。
若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。
e.g.
Not
only
you
but
also
he
has
to
leave.
不只是你，他也得离开。
not
only放在句首，后接句子时要用倒装结构。
e.g.
Not
only
had
the
poor
man
been
fined,
but
also
he
had
been
sent
to
prison.
这个可怜的人不仅被罚款，而且还被
送进了监狱。
be
harmful
to
对……有害
e.g.
Smoking
is
harmful
to
the
health.
吸烟有害健康。
Playing
computer
games
much
is
harmful
to
students.
电脑游戏玩太多对学生有害。
Sharks
are
at
the
top
of
the
food
chain
in
the
ocean’s
ecosystem.
鲨鱼位于海洋生物系统食物链的顶部。
at
the
top
of
在……最高地位;
用最高[最大]的(速度,
声音等)
e.g.
I
looked
at
the
top
of
his
head,
his
hair
shiny
and
parted
smoothly.
我看他的头顶,
头发闪亮且平滑的分
开。
3
He
shouted
at
the
top
of
his
voice
in
order
that
he
might
be
heard.
他尽力大声叫喊,
以便别人能听见。
If
their
numbers
drop
too
low,
it
will
bring
danger
to
all
ocean
life.
如果它们的数目降至过低，会给所有
海洋生物带来危险。
此句复数形式的numbers表达全海洋中鲨
鱼的总量。当表示数值的高或低时，number要用high或low修饰。
4
e.g.
In
that
country,
the
number
of
children
going
to
school
is
higher
in
cities
than
in
towns
and
village.
在那个国家，城市儿童入学人数比乡镇
及农村要高。
常与number搭配的动词有grow,
fall等。
e.g.
The
number
of
families
that
own
cars
has
been
growing
quickly
recently.
近来拥有轿车的家庭数量增长很快。
Environment
protection
groups
around
the
world,
such
as
WildAid
and
the
WWF,
are
teaching
the
public
about
“finning”.
世界各地的环境保护组织，如野生救援协
会和世界自然基金会，都在教育公众有关
“猎翅”的行为。
1)
句中fin本为名词，指
“鱼鳍”。此句中的
finning由动词化的fin（割鲨鱼鳍以获取
鱼翅）的-ing形式转化而成，指课文中所
陈述的
“猎翅”这一行为。
5
2)
WildAid和WWF组织
WildAid（美国野生救援协会）是保护野生动物及栖息地环境的一个非盈利性的机构，1999年注册成立，其宗旨是保护及救助世界范围内的野生动物；WWF（世界自然基金会）英文全称为World
Wide
Fund
for
Nature，成立于1961年，是享有国际盛誉，全球最大的独立性非政府环境保护组织之一。
Pay
attention
to
the
sentences.
1.
We’re
trying
to
save
the
earth.
2.
The
river
used
to
be
so
clean.
3.
The
air
is
badly
polluted.
4.
No
scientific
studies
have
shown
that
shark
fins
are
good
for
health.
5.
We
should
help
save
the
sharks.
Present
progressive
used
to
Passive
voice
Present
perfect
Grammar
Focus
Modal
verbs
现在进行时:
Present
Progressive
结构:
be
(am/is/are)
+
v.-ing
标志词：Look,
Listen,
now,
right
now…
e.g.
Look!
The
boy
is
crying.
定义：表示说话时(瞬间)正在进行的动作,
也表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作。
What
a
fine
day
today!
Look!
What
are
they
doing?
Exercise
used
to
do与be
used
to
doing
used
to
do
sth.
表示过去常常做某事,
而现
在往往不做了,
后接动词原形。
e.g.
I
used
to
get
up
at
six
o’clock.
be
used
to
doing
sth.
表示习惯于做某事
e.g.Joe
is
used
to
drinking
a
cup
of
coffee
every
morning.
Translation.
1.
她过去常常周末和朋友闲逛。
She
used
to
hang
out
with
friends
on
weekends.
2.
他习惯于每天晚上睡得很晚。
He
is
used
to
staying
up.
Exercise
被动语态：Passive
voice
定义：表示主语是动作的承受者，即行
为动作的对象的一种语态。
结构：be
+
过去分词
e.g.
A
new
school
was
built
last
year.
Our
classroom
is
cleaned
every
day.
Translate
the
sentences
by
using
Passive
voice.
1.
刚才一些老年人参观了博物馆。
2.
工人们使用不同种类的机器工作。
The
museum
was
visited
by
some
old
people
just
now.
Different
kinds
of
machines
are
used
to
work
by
the
workers.
Exercise
结构:
has/have
+
过去分词
标志词：already,
yet,
ever,
never,
since,
for…
e.g.
I
haven’t
finished
my
homework
yet.
定义：表示动作已经完成,
但对现在造成影
响;
或者表示从过去某一时间开始一
直延续到现在并还可能持续下去的
动作。
现在完成时:
Present
Perfect
Complete
the
following
sentences.
I
_________
(be)
in
Beijing
for
two
years.
2.
I
_____
never
_____
(hear)
of
that
man
before.
3.
Tom
__________
(work)
there
since
two
years
ago.
have
been
have
heard
has
worked
Exercise
4.
The
twins
___________
(wash)
the
clothes
for
an
hour.
5.
He
_________
(play)
basketball
since
three
years
ago.
6.
How
long
____
Sally
_____
(sing)
yet?
have
washed
has
played
has
sung
1.
情态动词本身有一定的词义,
表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气,
但不能单独作谓语,
只能与其他动词构成谓语。
常见的有:
can
(could),
may
(might),
must,
need,
shall
(should),
will
(would)等。
情态动词
2.
情态动词无人称和数的变化,
后接动词原形。否定式是在情态动词后面加not。个别情态动词有过去式形式,
可用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。
e.g.
Ken
can
climb
up
the
tress
like
a
koala.
Tracy
could
ride
a
bicycle
when
she
was
five
years
old.
You
mustn’t
play
with
fire.
It
is
dangerous.
Translation.
1.
我们不能在教室里吃东西。
2.
首先你必须完成作业。
3.
他现在不可能在家。
4.
她一定知道这个问题的答案。
Exercise
We
can’t
eat
in
the
classroom.?
You
must
finish
your
homework
first.
He
can’t
be
at
home
now.?
She
must
know
the
answer
to
this
question.
Joe:
_____you
ever
_____
(take)
part
in
an
environmental
project?
Ken:
Yes,
I
have.
I
_____
(help)
with
a
Clean-Up
Day
last
year.
It
was_________(consider)
the
biggest
clean-up
project
this
city
ever
________(have).
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
correct
forms
of
the
verbs
in
brackets.
Have
taken
helped
considered
had
had
4a
Joe:
How
many
people
______
(take)
part?
Ken:
I
_____
(think)
more
than
1,000
people
_____(come)
to
help
out.
Joe:
That’s
fantastic!
I
guess
everyone
in
this
city
is
_____
(try)
to
improve
the
environment.
Ken:
Yes,
we
can't
affort
to
_____
(wait)
any
longer
to
take
action!
took
think
came
trying
wait
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
appropriate
modal
verbs
from
the
box.
can
could
would
have
to
should
must
may/might
4b
People
_____
think
that
big
things
_____
be
done.
However,
many
forget
that
saving
the
earth
begins
with
small
things.
For
example,
you
_____
save
electricity
by
turning
off
the
lights
when
you
leave
a
room.
You
_____
also
use
paper
or
reusable
bags
instead
of
plastic
bags.
may
should
could
would
Make
a
list
fo
thingsthat
people
can
do
to
help
the
environment
and
discuss
your
list
with
your
partner.
A:
I
think
that
everyone
should
use
public
transportation.
B:
I
disagree.
it's
diffcult
for
parents
with
young
children
to
use
public
transportation...
use
public
transportation
...
4c
Discussing...
use
public
transportation
take
your
own
shopping
bags
when
go
shopping
reduce
the
use
of
air
conditioners
in
summer
turn
off
the
lights
when
you
leave
the
room
grow
more
plants...
A:
I
think
that
everyone
should
reduce
the
use
of
air
conditioners
in
summer.
B:
I
disagree.
the
summer
is
so
hot,
especially
in
sourth
China.
Without
air-conditioners,
people
may
not
have
the
patience
to
work.
现在进行时
（1）含义：表示正在发生或进行的动作。
（2）基本结构：
主语
+
be
+
现在分词（be
的形式随主语的变化而变化）
（3）基本用法：
①表示现在正在进行的动作。特征：常常与now或具体的时间连用，有时句中会有感官动词来提示，或通过上下文来暗示。
本单元复习现在进行时、used
to句型、被动语态、现在完成时和情态动词。
②表示现阶段一直进行的动作。这类动词常常是延续性动词。常于at
present,
this
week,
these
days等连用。
③表示主语的特征、性格、能力等
现在完成时
（1）含义：表示过去发生的动作对现在还有影响。
（2）基本结构：主语
+
have
/
has
+
过去分词
（3）基本用法：
①表示过去发生的动作，但强调对现在产生影响。特征：不能与表示具体的时间状语连用。
②表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直延续到现在，还可能继续下去。常常与since,
for,
in
the
past
+
时间名词，in
the
last
+时间名词等时间状语连用，而且谓语动词要求是延续性动词。
③表示一种“经历或体验”，即可以表示经历过也可以是从来都没有经历过。
被动语态
初中阶段我们学习了七种被动结构，归纳如下：
（1）一般现在时是被动语态：am
/
is
/
are
+
过去分词
（2）现在完成时的被动式：
have
/
has
+
been
+
过去分词
（3）现在进行时的被动式：
am/
is/
are
+
being
+
过去分词
（4）一般过去时的被动式：was
/
were
+
过去分词
（5）过去进行时的被动式：
was
/
were
+
being
+
过去分词
（6）过去完成时的被动式：
had
+
been
+
过去分词
（7）一般将来时的被动式：
will
/
be
going
to
be+
过去分词
（8）含有情态动词的被动式：
情态动词+be
+动词的过去分词。
情态动词
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，如认为“可能”、“应当”、“必要”等。情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能单独作谓语，也没有人称和数的变化。后面一般跟动词原形。
used
to
结构
used
to意为“过去常常做某事”，指的是过去的习惯性动作，目的在于与现在形成对照。used
to是个情态动词，其中的to是不定式符号，后面跟动词原形。在美式英语中。它的疑问式是：Did
＋主语＋use
to
do
sth．？否定式是：主语＋didn't
use．．。在英式英语中，它的疑问式应当是：Used
＋主语＋to
sth．？否定式应当是used
not
to或use（d）n't
to。
He
used
to
stay
up
late.
他过去常熬到很晚
used
to
结构
used
to意为“过去常常做某事”，指的是过去的习惯性动作，目的在于与现在形成对照。used
to是个情态动词，其中的to是不定式符号，后面跟动词原形。
在美式英语中：
它的疑问式是：Did
＋主语＋use
to
do
sth．
否定式是：主语＋didn't
use．
在英式英语中：
它的疑问式应当是：Used
＋主语＋to
sth．
否定式应当是used
not
to.
I.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
The
old
man
used
_____
(be)
a
teacher.
2.
We
should
_____
(clean)
the
room
every
day.
3.
Look!
Tom
_________
(sleep)
in
his
room.
4.
Lots
of
trees
__________
(plant)
on
the
hill
every
year.
5.
He
_________
(live)
here
for
20
years.
to
be
clean
is
sleeping
are
planted
has
lived
情态动词练习
1.--
____
you
pass
me
a
pen?
I'd
like
to
write
down
the
phone
number.
--
Sure.
Here
it
is.
A.Can
B.Need
C.Might
D.Must
2.
--
May
I
go
to
the
cinema,
Mum?
--
Certainly,
but
you
___
be
back
by
11
o'clock.
A.can
B.may
C.must
D.
need
3.
you
___
worry
about
me.
It's
nothing
serious.
A.can't
B.mustn't
C.
needn't
D.
won't
4.
--
Excause
me.
Is
this
the
right
way
to
the
Summer
Palace?
--
Sorry,
I'm
not
sure.
but
it
____
be.
A.mught
B.mustn't
C.can't
D.must
5.
The
man
in
the
office
____
be
Mr.Black,
because
he
went
home
just
now.
A.musn't
B.may
not
C.can't
D.needn't
A
她过去常常周末和朋友闲逛。
She
_______________
with
friends
on
weekds.
B
他习惯于每晚睡得很晚。
He
____________________________
at
night.
C.
Ken
used
to
be
afraid
of
dogs.(改为一般疑问句)
______________________________?
is
used
to
hang
out
is
used
to
sleeping
late/
staying
up
Did
Ken
used
to
be
afraid
od
dogs
use
to
练习
1.
He
promised
to
pick
me
up
at
the
school
gate.
However,
he
_____
yet.
A.
didn’t
arrive
B.
doesn’t
arrive
C.
isn’t
arriving
D.
hasn’t
arrived
2.
Ba
Jin,
one
of
the
greatest
writers
in
China,
___
as
“People’s
Writer”.
?
A.
is
regarded??
B.
has
regarded
??
C.
is
regarding??
D.
regards
Choose
the
best
answer.
3.
—Where
is
Tom?
—He
______
in
his
room.
A.
is
reading
B.
reads
C.
read
D.
was
reading
4.
—May
I
go
out
now,
Dad?
—
No.
You
_____
let
your
mother
know
first.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
need
D.
must
5.
Her
son
_______
Coke,
but
now
he
________
milk.
A.
used
to
drink
;
is
used
to
drinking
B.
used
to
drinking
;
drinks
C.
is
used
to
drinking
;
used
to
drink
D.
is
used
to
drink
;
is
drinking
Homework
1.write
an
article
to
show
in
what
way
we
students
can
protect
the
environment.(共36张PPT)
Unit
13
We’re
trying
to
save
the
earth.
Section
A
1a-2d
新课导入
The
earth
is
polluted.
air
pollution
n.
煤炭
The
factories
that
burn
coal
pollute
the
air
with
a
lot
of
black
smoke.
Factories
put
waste
into
the
river.
water
pollution
mobile
phone
pollution
litter
v.
乱扔
n.
垃圾
rubbish
waste
垃圾，废弃物
People
should
throw
away
litter
in
the
bin.
n.
垃圾箱
noise
pollution
There
are
more
cars
on
the
road.
Language
Goal
Talk
about
pollution
and
envirnmental
protection
Factories
produce
too
much
dangerous
smoke.
The
traffic
produces
too
many
fumes.
Some
people
smoke
in
public
places.
Dad,
what’s
the
acid
rain?
Natural
resources
are
disappearing
at
a
dangerous
rate.
industry
harmful
cost
wooden
plastic
affort
n.
工业
adj.
有害的
v.
花费
adj.
木制的
adj.
塑料的
v.
支付的起
Words
and
expressions
make
a
difference
take
part
in
turn
off
pay
for
cut
down
lead
to
起作用；有影响
参加
关掉
付费；付出代价
减少
导致
Words
and
expressions
We’re
trying
to
save
the
earth.
我们在努力拯救地球。
The
rive
used
to
be
so
clean.
这河流过去是如此的清澈。
The
air
is
badly
polluted.
空气被严重污染。
The
method
is
not
only
cruel,
but
also
harmful
to
the
environment.
这种方法不仅残酷，而且对环境也有害。
Sentences
Here
are
some
words
related
to
different
kinds
of
pollution.
Write
them
in
the
box
below.
Then
add
more
words.
loud
music
cars
rubbish
planes
littering
ships
factories
smoking
bulding
houses
mobile
phones
1a
noise
pullotion
air
pollution
water
pollution
cars,
factories,
smoking,
building
houses(burning,
power
plants,
nuclear
waste
disposal)
Loud
music,
planes,
building
houses,
mobile
phones(machines,
crowds,
vihicles)
rubbish,
littering,
ships,
factories(sewage,
industrial
waste,
pesticides)
Listen
and
complete
the
sentences.
what
was
the
problem?
The
river
was
_________.
even
the
bottom
of
the
river
was
full
of
________.
there
were
no
more
_____
for
fishmen
to
catch.
really
dirty
rubbish
fish
1b
what
caused
the
problem?
people
are
throwing
_____into
the
river.
Factories
are
putting
_______
into
the
river.
How
should
the
problem
be
solved?
We
should
write
to
the
________
and
ask
them
to
___________
the
factories.
everyone
should
help
________to
the
river.
litter
waste
government
close
down
clean
up
Mark:
The
river
was
dirty.
Even
the
bottom
of
the
river
was
full
of
rubbish.
Tony:
But
it
used
to
be
so
clean!
Mark:
Yes,
but
people
are
littering
in
the
river.
Tony:
Everyone
in
this
town
should
play
a
part
in
cleaning
it
up!
Role-play
the
conversation.
Then
make
your
own
conversations
about
the
kinds
of
pollution
in
1a.
1c
Listen
to
the
interview.
Circle
the
kinds
of
pollution
that
Jason
and
Susan
talk
about.
A.
land
pollution
B.
air
pollution
C.
noise
pollution
D.
water
pollution
2a
1.
The
air
is
badly
polluted
because
there
are
________on
the
road
these
days.
2.
Factories
that
burn
coal
also
______
the
air
with
a
lot
of
black
smoke.
3.
There
is
also
too
much
rubbish
and
waste.
People
___________________things
away
every
day.
4.
People
are
also
littering
in____________
like
parks.
Th
is
turns
beautiful
parks
into
ugly
places.
more
car
pollute
are
throwing
away
public
places
Listen
again
and
complete
the
sentences.
2b
Jason:
The
air
has
become
really
polluted
around
here.
I’m
really
getting
worried.
Susan:
Yes,
I
used
to
be
able
to
see
stars
in
the
sky.
Jason:
The
problem
is
that
...
Use
the
information
in
2a
and
2b
to
role-play
conversations
between
Jason
and
Susan.
2c
Interviewer:
Jason
and
Susan,
what
are
your
ideas
for
solving
these
problems?
Jason:
Well,
to
cut
down
air
pollution,
we
should
take
the
bus
or
subway
instead
of
driving.
Susan:
Yeah,
or
ride
a
bike.
Other
advantages
of
bike
riding
are
that
it’s
good
for
health
and
it
doesn’t
cost
anything!
Role-play
the
conversation.
2d
Interviewer:
Great
ideas!
What
about
waste
pollution?
Susan:
Mmm,
I
think
simple
things
like
、
bringing
a
bag
to
go
shopping
can
help.
I
started
doing
that
a
year
ago.
Jason:
Me,
too.
Also,
I
never
take
wooden
chopsticks
or
plastic
forks
when
I
buy
takeaway
food.
I
use
the
ones
at
home.
Susan:
And
remember
to
throw
rubbish
in
the
cans
and
keep
public
places
clean
and
beautiful
for
everyone.
Interviewer:
So
together,
our
actions
can
make
a
difference
and
lead
to
a
better
future!
(1)
become
多指身份，职位等的变化，
它强调变化过程已经完成，后面可以接名词
或者形容词。
He
becomes
a
teacher.
(2)
get多用于口语，表示一种变化过程，
强调的是“渐渐变化”后常接形容词的比较级形式。
Language
Points
辨析：
turn,
get与become
In
winter
the
days
get
shorter.
冬天白天渐渐变短。
(3)
turn
指的是在颜色和性质等方面与以前的完全不同，强调变化的结果。
leaves
turned
brown
in
the
mountains.
山里的树叶已经变成了棕色。
练习
Her
mother
______
angry
when
she
heard
the
news.
It's
_____
darker
and
darker
outside.
The
milk
has
______bad.
became
getting
turned
cut
down,
意为"减少"；
是“动词+副词”结构的短语，后面所带的宾语为名词时，宾语可以位于down的前面或后面；为代词时只能位于down前面。
You'd
better
cut
the
article
down
to
about
2000
words.
cut
后接off,
into,up,
in
的不同：
拓展
cut
off
切断；切除
cut
into
把...切成...
cut
up
切碎
cut
in
插队
花费
主语
表示内容
spend
人
宾语可以是钱，精力，时间等。
cost
物或事
后接life，money，health，time等，侧重与花费的代价
take
事或人
说明事情完成花费了...
pay
人
"支付"
作为及物动词，可以是
pay
sb
或pay
some
money；作为不及物动词，形式为pay
for。for表支付的原因。
辨析：spend,
cost,
take,
pay
1.
Do
you
take
exercise
everyday?
Yes,
I
always
___
thirty
minutes
after
supper.
A
spend
B
cost
C
take
D
pay
2.
I
____
300
yuan
for
the
bike.
A
took
B
spend
C
cost
D
paid
用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
Don't
throw
_______(垃圾)
everywhere.
2.
In
winter,
many
people
burn
______(煤)
to
keep
warm.
3.
The
police
found
a
body
at
the
________(底部)
of
the
lake.
4.
The
______(花费)
of
living
in
big
cities
is
very
high.
5.
He
keeps
a
rabbit
in
a
big
_______(木制的)
box.
cost
wooden,
coal
,
bottom,
litter
cost
wooden
coal
bottom
litter
1.
He
___
go
out
with
his
parents,
but
now
he
_____
stay
at
home
alone.
A.
use
to;
is
used
to
B.
is
used
to;
used
to
C.use
to;
used
to
D.
is
used
to;
is
used
to
2.
The
interesting
book
___
me
10
yuan.
A.
took
B.
paid
C.
spend
D.
cost
Choose
the
best
answer.
3.
We
must
do
something
useful
to
___
pollution.
A.
cut
off
B.
cut
up
C.
cut
down
D.
cut
in
4.
Smoking
can
___
lung
cancer.
you'd
bettter
give
it
up.
A．work
on
B．lead
to
C．take
away
D．put
out
5.
What
are
the
___
of
bike
riding?
--
It
can
help
cut
down
air
pollution.
A．advantage
B．reasons
C．results
D．ideas
1.
多一个人少一个人无所谓。
One
person
wouldn’t
____
____
__________.
2.
这个木箱时装满了书。
The
_______
box
____
____
____
books.
3.
不健康的饮食对这种疾病的传播起一定的作用。
Unhealthy
foods
___
___
___
___
the
spread
of
the
disease.
4.
这条小路通向公园。
The
path
____
____
the
park.
5.
我错拿了你的包。
I
took
your
bag
______
___
mine
by
mistake.
wooden
is
full
of
make
a
difference
lead
to
paly
a
part
of
instead
of
