名词、代词、冠词专项练习（4）
对名词的考查主要集中在：可数名词单数变复数、词性转换（动词变名词、形容词变名词）；
对代词的考查主要集中在：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、it的特殊用法及替代词的用法；
对冠词的考查主要集中在：冠词的泛指和特指、特殊用法（如比较等级和序数词前冠词的使用）、固定搭配或习惯用法等。
第一组
1. I remembered catching snowflakes on my tongue, building snowmen, making snow angels, sledding down hills, and always losing the snowball fights with my brothers and then my own three _________（child).
答案：children；
解析：child 为可数名词，其前有three修饰，应用复数形式。故填children.
2.Gurdon always went to the lab earlier and left later than everyone else. He experienced thousands of________（fail).
答案：failures
解析：句意为：相比其他人，格登总是第一个到实验室，最后一个离开。他经历了成千上万次失败。设空处作动词 experienced的宾语，意为“失败的人（或事物）”，应用名词形式failure.failure 此时为可数名词，
且根据设空处前的 thousands of 可知，应用复数形式，故填failures.
3.You are going to be happier than before on condition that you have ________education that enables you to do what you have to do in life.
答案：the
解析：句意为：只要你接受了能让你做好生活中必须要做的事情的教育，你将会比以前更快乐。根据education后面的内容可知，此处的“教育”表示特指，故填the.
4.After years of studying caffeine(咖啡因）, he doesn't see any evidence that shows tea improves mental __________（perform).
答案：performance
解析：句意为：研究咖啡因多年，他没有看到任何证据表明茶可以提高精神表现。设空处作动词improves的宾语，且空前有形容词修饰，故应用名词形式，填performance.
5.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race, the crowded _________（condition)on Earth will make it necessary to look for somewhere else.
答案：conditions
解析：句意为：即使科学家们研发出供养人类的新方法，但地球上拥挤的生活环境让寻找其他（可以生存的）地方变得有必要。condition 意为“状况；状态”时，为不可数名词，而意为“（居住、生活或做事的）环境，条件”时，为可数名词，常用复数。根据句意可知，设空处指环境，故填 conditions.
6.I would appreciate _________if you could teach me how to use the computer.
答案：it
解析：句意为：如果你教我怎么用电脑的话，我将不胜感激。I'd appreciate it if...意为“如果。。··我将不胜感激”，为固定句式，故填it.
7.You wouldn't think that a few _________（month)of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of
your life.
答案：months
解析：句意为：你不会觉得在你少年时期几个月的锻炼对你的余生来说就已足够。month为可数名词，根据空前的a few 可知，此处应用复数形式，故填 months
8.Many people who live along the coast make ________living in fishing industry.
答案：a
解析：句意为：很多住在海边的人们靠渔业为生。make a living 是固定搭配，意为“谋生”，故填a.
9.Qu Yuan was one of the emperor's most loyal _________（servant).
答案：servants
解析：句意为：屈原是皇上最忠心的臣子之一。“one of+可数名词复数”为固定结构，意为“。·····之一”，此处应用复数形式，故填servants.
10.Life does not throw us away just because we are disabled, or because we have problems or _________（challenge).
答案：challenges
解析：句意为：生活不会因为我们残疾或者我们有问题和挑战就遗弃我们。challenge 为可数名词，且根据or连接并列成分以及前面的名词 problems 可知，此处应用复数形式，故填challenges.
11. We received ___________（congratulate) from our teachers on Children's Day.
答案：congratulations
解析：句意为：在儿童节这一天，我们收到了老师的祝贺。设空处作动词received的宾语，应用名词形式，且 congratulation作名词时常用复数，故填congratulations.
12.Before drinking from his cup, he held _________with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bar tenders, saying "qing (please)". This is the custom of China.
答案：it
解析：句意为：在喝茶之前，他双手举起茶杯，跟我、酒吧老板和服务员说“请”。这是中国的风俗习惯。设空处指代上文中的cup,为同一物。故填it.
13.The little problems that we meet in__________（we) daily life may be inspirations for great inventions.
答案：our
解析：句意为：我们日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感来源。后有名词life,此处应用形容词性物主代词，故填our.
14.At first _________seemed that his career might even be over, but he fought back to make it.
答案：it
解析：句意为：起初，看起来他的职业生涯甚至要结束了，但他努力争取，后来成功了。It seems that...为固定句式，意为“看起来…”，故填it
15. Eating organic food will not make you healthier, according to researchers at Stanford University, although it could cut your ____________（expose)to pesticides(农药）。
答案：exposure
解析：句意为：斯坦福大学的研究人员称，食用有机食品不会让你更健康，尽管它可以减少你对农药的接触。根据空前的形容词性物主代词 your 可知，此处应填名词，故填 exposure.
第二组
1.China is an amazing country and __________（it)culture is so unique. This is an opportunity to bridge a gap between two countries.
答案：its
解析：句意为：中国是一个了不起的国家，它的文化是如此独特。设空处修饰名词culture,因此，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its.
2.Mr. Smith said that their first trip to the seaside town was ________most interesting trip but their second one was even more interesting.
答案：a
解析：句意为：史密斯先生说，他们第一次去这个海边小镇的旅行非常有趣，但是第二次旅行更有趣。根据句意可知，此处表示非常有趣，不表示最高级；most前有不定冠词时，意为“非常”，故填a.
3.Making mistakes is ________essential part of the process of understanding.
答案：an
解析：句意为：犯错误是理解过程中必不可少的一部分。此处表示泛指，且此空后的形容词 essential 以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词 an
4.While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the ________（change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.
答案：changes
解析：句意为：虽然存在一些迅速转变的惊人事例，但是对我们大部分人来说，改变是逐步的，需要很多的努力，比如清理一条被污染的河流。change 意为“变化，改变”时可作可数名词。此处作主语，且根据谓语动词are可知，应用复数，故填changes.
5.Visitors can also enjoy _________（they)here by appreciating the famous Disneyland parade(游行）and fireworks.
答案：themselves
解析：句意为：游客们可以在这儿尽情地享乐，欣赏著名的迪士尼乐园游行和烟火。enjoy oneself 为固定搭配，意为“过得快乐”，且设空处和主语指相同的人，故填 themselves.
6. The hutong today is fading into the shade for _________tourists and local people.
答案：both
解析：句意为：如今胡同正逐渐消失在游客和当地人的身影中。both...and...为固定搭配，意为“两者都”，故填both.
7.It is an appealing book that includes what he went through during ________（he)childhood.
答案：his
解析：句意为：这是一本很吸引人的书，书中包含了他童年时期的经历。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词性物主代词，且代指“他的”，故填his.
8.As ___________matter of fact, there isn't much difference between organic and conventional(传统的）food, if you're an adult and make decisions based simply on your health.
答案：a
解析：句意为：事实上，如果你是个成年人，而且你会基于你的健康状况作决定的话，那么有机食物和传统食物并没有很大的差别。as a matter of fact 为固定搭配，意为“事实上；实际上”，故填a.
9. In ________1980s, Fountain traveled through time once again to glance how tea drinking had changed in China.
答案：the
解析：句意为：在20世纪80年代，方丹再次进行了他的穿越之旅，来窥探中国饮茶文化的变迁。年代名词前常用定冠词，故填the.
10.Actually with my __________（confident)built up, I now turn out to be a great speaker.
答案：confidence
解析：句意为：事实上，随着我自信心的增强，我现在已经成为一个了不起的演说家。形容词性物主代词后接名词，故填形容词 confident 的名词形式 confidence.
11.I've finished off two pizzas! But the second is a little bit small, so may I have _________third one
答案：a
解析：句意为：我已经吃完了两块比萨，但是第二块有点小，我能再吃一块吗？“a+序数词”表示“又一；再一”，故填a.
12.People living in colder regions are generally larger than ________living in hotter ones.
答案：those
解析：句意为：生活在寒冷地区的人通常比生活在炎热地区的人体型更大。设空处指代炎热地区的人们，应用复数形式，故填those.
13.If you make ________most of forty-five minutes' classes day after day, there will be a switch in grades.
答案：the
解析：句意为：如果你每天充分利用45分钟的课堂时间，你的成绩将会有所转变。make the most of 为固定搭配，意为“充分利用”，故填the.
14.In a week or so, I will be among _________unemployed, I am afraid.
答案：the
解析：句意为：周左右，恐怕我会失业。“the +形容词／过去分词”表示一类人，此处指“失业者”，故填the.
15.The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys a growing _________（popular)in the international world of high fashion.
答案：popularity
解析：句意为：旗袍是具有鲜明的中国特色的女性服饰，在国际范围内的高级时装界中越来越流行。设空前有a growing修饰，应用名词。故填 popularity.名词、代词、冠词专项练习（3）
对名词的考查主要集中在：可数名词单数变复数、词性转换（动词变名词、形容词变名词）；
对代词的考查主要集中在：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、it的特殊用法及替代词的用法；
对冠词的考查主要集中在：冠词的泛指和特指、特殊用法（如比较等级和序数词前冠词的使用）、固定搭配或习惯用法等。
第一组
1.This is a chance to make _________difference to our life.
答案：a
解析：句意为：这是一个改变我们生活的机会。make a difference为固定搭配，意为“有影响；起作用”。故填a.
2.At that time he devoted __________（he)to writing and many of his works were written or published then.
答案：himself
解析：句意为：那时他致力于写作，他的许多作品都是在那时写的或出版的。devote oneself to...为固定搭配，意为“致力于…”。
3.So I went from one bookstore to __________, hoping to find something suitable for him.
答案：another
解析：句意为：所以我从一家书店走到另一家，希望能找到适合他的书。根据句意可知，设空处表示“另一家”，表示不确定范围的另一家，应用another.
4.Beijing Opera, also called "Eastern Opera", which originated in the late 18th century, is a ___________（combine)of music, dance, art and acrobatics(杂技）。
答案：combination
解析：句意为：京剧，也被称为“东方歌剧”，起源于18世纪末，整合了音乐、舞蹈、艺术和杂技。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，设空处应用名词。故填 combination.
5.For the benefit of our health, we should have a sense of __________（responsible)for our health and form the habit of having breakfast every day.
答案：responsibility
解析：句意为：为了我们的健康，我们应该对我们的健康负责，养成每天吃早餐的习惯。设空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词。故填 responsibility.
6.When you have high self-respect and self-confidence, you feel secure and have ________open heart and calm mind.
答案：an
解析：句意为：当你有高度的自尊和自信时，你就会有安全感，并且心胸开阔、头脑冷静。heart为可数名词，此处泛指“开阔的心胸”，其前应使用不定冠词，且open是以元音音素开头的单词，故填an.
7.When writing, many calligraphers will forget all worries and even _________（they),combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art.
答案：themselves
解析：句意为：许多书法家在写字时，会忘记一切烦恼，甚至忘我，他们把所有的心思汇聚在书法作品的美感上。此处主语与宾语同指一人，应用反身代词，故填 themselves.
8.To take success to the next level, you must analyze your _________（value)and how you make decisions.
答案：values
解析：句意为：要取得下一个阶段的成功，你必须分析你的价值观和你作决定的方式。value意为“价值观”时，常用复数。
9.It took me quite a while to find a parking place for my car, and in _________end I had to leave it in a narrow street, some way away from the dentist's.
答案：the
解析：句意为：我花了很长一段时间寻找停车位，最后我不得不把它停在离牙科诊所有点距离的一条狭窄的街道上。in the end 为固定搭配，意为“最终；最后”。故填the.
10.If I wanted to be __________more responsible person, I needed to make daily decisions that a responsible person would make.
答案：a
解析：句意为：如果我想成为一个更有责任心的人，我需要每天像有责任心的人那样作决定。此处泛指“一个更有责任心的人”，设空处应用不定冠词。故填a.
11.Cheng Li started using bike-sharing services about six ____________（month)ago.
答案：months
解析：句意为：程莉大约六个月前开始使用共享单车服务。month 为可数名词，根据设空处前的six 可知，此处应用复数形式。
12. ___________is suggested that English learners try to read as much as possible in English.
答案：1t
解析：句意为：建议英语学习者尽量多读用英语写的东西。lt is suggested that....为固定句型，设空处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语为 that English learners try to rend as much as possible in English.
13.Another friend of __________（I)realized that two off- duty lifeguards, Liz and Alison Manley, were nearby.
答案：mine
解析：句意为：我的另一个朋友意识到附近有两个不当班的救生员，利兹和艾莉森·曼利。a friend of mine 为固定搭配，意为“我的一个朋友”，故填mine.
14.The research team tested their results on many people and they reached ___________same conclusion, verifying their results.
答案：the
解析：句意为：研究小组在许多人身上对结果进行测试，得出了同样的结论，从而验证了他们的结果。the same 意为“相同的”，故填the.
15.When keeping a diary in English, we certainly run up against many ____________（difficulty).
答案：difficulties
解析：句意为：用英语写日记时，我们确实会遇到许多困难。difficulty 意为“难题；难事”时为可数名词，根据设空处前的many可知，应用复数形式。故填 difficulties.
第二组
1.The list of Chinese zodiac(生肖）animals repeats _________（it)every twelve years, which is a main feature of the Chinese lunar calendar.
答案： itself
解析：句意为：中国生肖年每十二年会自动轮一次，这是中国阴历的主要特点。设空处作repeats的宾语，与主语同指一物，应用反身代词。故填 itself.
2.Throughout the 10-day Festival, Kona coffee farms offer _________firsthand look at growing this world-famous crop.
答案：a
解析：句意为：在这个为期10天的节日期间，科纳咖啡农场提供了让人们亲眼见到种植这种世界闻名的作物的机会。look作名词表示“看时，和动词搭配时中间常用不定冠词，如 have/take a look at,且firsthand 发音以辅音音素开头，故填a.
3.The first underground passenger railway ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __________（crowd)on the roads above as they traveled to and from work.
答案：crowds
解析：句意为：第一条地下客运铁路全长不到7千米，方便人们上下班时避开路上极度拥挤的人群。crowd作“人群”讲时，为可数名词，此处泛指拥挤的人群，应用复数形式，故填crowds.
4.To me, the debating community is a great place where people help each other because they care about how people from different ___________（background)can lead better lives.
答案：backgrounds
解析：句意为：对我来说辩论社是个很好的地方，在那儿，人们相互帮助，因为他们都关心怎么让来自不同背景的人们都过上更好的生活。from 为介词，后接名词；background 表示“个人背景”时为可数名词，根据设空处前的different 可知，应用复数形式，故填backgrounds.
5.One thing that really annoys me is that I see _________（tourist)who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches.
答案：tourists
解析：句意为：让我很气愤的是，我看到在夏威夷旅游的游客把垃圾扔在海滩上。设空处作动词see的宾语，根据空后的their可知，设空处指不止一名游客，应用复数形式。
6.One study shows that petting living creatures can help people relieve _________（anxious),while animal toys have no such effect at all.
答案：anxiety
解析：句意为：一项研究表明，抚摸动物可以帮助人们缓解焦虑，而动物玩具则完全没有这种效果。设空处作relieve的宾语，应用名词，anxiety 意为“焦虑”时为不可数名词。
7.In fact, they seem to be indifferent to both__________（type)of music.
答案：types
解析：句意为：实际上，它们似乎对于两种类型的音乐都不感兴趣。type 作“类型；种类”讲时，为可数名词，前有both修饰，应用复数。
8.Many famous people also write micro-blogs to express their __________（think)and share their lives with people.
答案：thoughts
解析：句意为：许多名人也写微博来表达他们的想法，与人们分享他们的生活。thought意为“想法；看法”时为可数名词，且根据空前的their可知，应用名词复数。
9.There is ____________wrong with being positive about an idea at first and then rejecting it later, when you see that it won't work.
答案：nothing
解析：句意为：一开始对一个想法持积极态度，然后当你发现它行不通时，就拒绝它，这没有什么错。根据句意可知，此处表示“没什么错”，故填 nothing
10.Self-confidence can be learned, practiced and mastered—just like any skills.
答案：other
解析：句意为：自信是可以学习、练习和掌握的－就像其他任何技能一样。根据句意可知，设空处意为“另外的；其他的”，故填other.
11.Indeed, China is on a high-speed train, ___________that moves toward the full development of human potential.
答案：one
解析：句意为：事实上，中国正在搭乘一列高速列车，一列正朝着充分开发人类潜能的方向前进的列车。设空处后的内容为同位语，设空处指代上文的a high-speed train,故填 one.
12.As a pioneer of animation industry, he introduced several ___________（develop)in the production of cartoons.
答案：developments
解析：句意为：作为动画制作产业的先驱，他介绍了动画制作的几个发展阶段。分析句子结构可知，设空处作introduced的宾语，应填名词形式。development 意为“发展阶段”时，为可数名词，且根据空前的several 可知，应用复数。故填 developments.
13.Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, while _________for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture.
答案：others
解析：句意为：一些公园以拥有最大或最长的过山车而闻名，而另一些则以展示一种文化的著名景色和声音而闻名。根据句意及设空处前的while可知，此处表示对比关系，指“其他的（公园）”，且some与others 常一起搭配。
14.The Belt and Road Initiative has drawn public attention to __________oldest and longest trade route-Silk Road.
答案：the
解析：句意为：“一带一路”倡议引发了公众对历史最悠久、最长的贸易通道－丝绸之路的关注。设空处修饰形容词最高级，应用定冠词。故填the.
15.Huangshan Mountain is famous for _________（it)four unique scenes: amazing pines, strangely-shaped rocks,
seas of clouds, and hot springs.
答案：its
解析：句意为：黄山以其独特的四景而闻名：奇松、怪石、云海和温泉。设空处指代 Huangshan Mountain's,修饰名词scenes,应用形容词性物主代词。故填its.
