2021中考英语重要题型解析任务型阅读之还原句子含答案和解析

任务型阅读之还原句子
Fires
do
happen.
If
there
is
a
fire,
you
might
not
have
much
time
to
decide
what
to
do.
Being
prepared
and
knowing
what
to
do
early
can
save
your
life.
____1____Your
family
should
practice
this
getting-out
plan.
____2____
If
you
have
such
a
meeting
place
outside,
you
can
quickly
make
sure
that
everyone
is
out
of
the
house.
You
should
also
remember
that
smoke
is
usually
far
more
dangerous
than
the
fire.
A
person
can
die
after
just
a
few
minutes
in
a
smoke
filled
room.
___3____
Finally,
before
you
open
any
doors,
always
feel
the
door
lock
first.
If
the
door
lock
is
hot,
fire
must
be
on
the
other
side
of
the
door.
___4___
You
will
have
to
find
another
way
out.
These
are
simple
suggestions.
____5____
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述如何在火灾中自救的方法。
1.
B
【解析】根据Your
family
should
practice
this
getting-out
plan“你的家人应该练习这个逃走的计划”中的this可知，上文中必须要出现getting-out
plan，“最重要的事情就是要有一个逃走计划”，故选B。
2.
A
【解析】根据If
you
have
such
a
meeting
place
outside,
you
can
quickly
make
sure
that
everyone
is
out
of
the
house“如果你在外面有一个这样的集合地点，你就能确认每个人都出了房子”中的“such
a
meeting
place”可知，空处应填“你的家人应该在外面有一个集合地点”，故选A。
3.
C
【解析】根据You
should
also
remember
that
smoke
is
usually
far
more
dangerous
than
the
fire.
A
person
can
die
after
just
a
few
minutes
in
a
smoke
filled
room“你应该记得烟通常比火更加危险，在一个充满烟的房间一个人几分钟后就会死去”可知，本段主要讲述烟的危害，并讲述如何避免烟造成的危害，即“因为烟是上升的，所以要保持低到地面”，故选C。
4.
F
【解析】根据If
the
door
lock
is
hot,
fire
must
be
on
the
other
side
of
the
door“如果门锁是热的，火一定在们的另一边”以及You
will
have
to
find
another
way
out“你将不得不找另一个路出去”可知，空处表示“不准开门”，故选F。
5.
E
【解析】根据These
are
simple
suggestions“这些都是简单的建议”中的these可知，空处表达“如果你能记住他们，在火灾中你就会更安全”，故选E。
How
much
physical
activity
do
you
do
in
a
week?
Are
you
getting
enough
exercise?___1___For
example,
people
who
exercise
regularly
are
less
likely
to
suffer
from
many
diseases.
Regular
exercise
reduces
the
risk
of
early
death
by
30%.It
also
improves
your
sleep
quality.
Today,
most
adults
are
much
less
active
than
in
the
past
because
our
jobs
are
far
less
physical
than
the
work
our
grandparents
used
to
do.___2___
This
lack
of
regular
physical
activity
means
people
burn
fewer
calories
than
in
the
past,
so
we
need
to
do
something
to
consume
(消耗)our
energy.
Experts
think
adults
need
to
do
2.5
hours
of
moderate
exercise
per
week.____3____
Exercise
can
be
expensive,
but
it
doesn't
have
to
be.
Team
sports
such
as
football
can
be
cheap
because
all
the
players
share
the
cost
of
the
field.___4___
It
can
also
be
very
social.
If
you
don't
want
to
spend
any
money,
try
one
of
the
following
activities.
Go
for
a
run.
The
only
equipment
you
need
is
a
pair
of
running
shoes.
If
you
take
the
bus,
try
getting
off
one
stop
early
and
walking
the
extra
distance.
Go
to
the
park.____5____You
can
play
different
kinds
of
games
there.
This
is
a
great
way
to
involve
family
members
and
friends.
In
short,
there
are
many
easy
ways
of
keeping
fit.
If
we
all
recognize
the
value
of
doing
this,
we
will
live
longer
and
be
healthier.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这篇短文主要是鼓励人们运动并对如何运动提出了建议。
1.
C
【解析】根据下文For
example,
people
who
exercise
regularly
are
less
likely
to
suffer
from
many
diseases.
Regular
exercise
reduces
the
risk
of
early
death
by
30%.It
also
improves
your
sleep
quality.可知上文是有规律的活动在许多方面对你的健康有益。故选C。
2.
F
【解析】根据下文This
lack
of
regular
physical
activity
means
people
burn
fewer
calories
than
in
the
past,
so
we
need
to
do
something
to
consume
(消耗)our
energy.可知上文是每天我们许多人花费7个小时或更多仅仅坐在一个椅子上。故选F。
3.
B
【解析】根据上文Experts
think
adults
need
to
do
2.5
hours
of
moderate
exercise
per
week.可知下文这能快走或在平地上骑自行车。故选B。
4.
E
【解析】根据上文Team
sports
such
as
football
can
be
cheap
because
all
the
players
share
the
cost
of
the
field可知下文是加入一个足球俱乐部是锻炼的一个便宜的方式。故选E。
5.
A
【解析】根据下文You
can
play
different
kinds
of
games
there.
This
is
a
great
way
to
involve
family
members
and
friends.可知上文是尝试和家人或朋友一起去。故选A。
A
proverb
is
a
short,
well-known
saying
that
expresses
a
common
truth
or
belief.
Proverbs
are
found
in
most
cultures
and
are
often
very
old.
In
American
history,
Benjamin
Franklin
was
a
scientist,
inventor
and
writer
as
well
as
a
leader
of
the
American
Revolution.
_____1_____
Franklin
wrote
a
book
called
“Poor
Richard’s
Almanac”.___2___
Some
of
them
are
still
used
today,
like
this
one:
“Early
to
bed
and
early
to
rise
makes
a
man
healthy,
wealthy
and
wise.”
Franklin
is
also
remembered
for
other
proverbs
like,
“A
penny
saved
is
a
penny
earned.”___3___
Here
are
other
examples
of
proverbs
that
Americans
use.
The
first
ones
are
about
love.
Some
people
say,
“All
is
fair
in
love
and
war.”
They
mean
that
anything
you
do
in
a
relationship
or
in
battle
is
acceptable.
___4___In
other
words,
when
you
are
in
love
with
someone,
you
may
refuse
to
see
anything
bad
about
that
person.
Here
is
another
popular
saying
about
love:
“The
way
to
a
man’s
heart
is
through
his
stomach.”
Some
people
believe
that
a
woman
can
win
a
man’s
love
if
she
prepares
his
favorite
foods.
“_____5_____”
This
proverb
is
true
in
love
and
war
or
other
situations.
It
means
that
what
you
do
is
more
important
than
what
you
say.
We
have
to
stop
here
so
we
must
say,
“All
good
things
must
come
to
an
end.”
:
Word
Bankpenny
便士
earn
赚
囊
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思
通顺、内容完整。
A.
Actions
speak
louder
than
words.
B.
Another
proverb
says
“Love
is
blind.”
C.
He
was
also
famous
for
his
proverbs.
D.
This
means
that
money
should
not
be
wasted.
E.
He
included
many
proverbs
that
he
had
heard
or
created.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】该阅读材料属于说明文，本文向大家介绍了一些美国的谚语和格言。
1.
C
【解析】细节理解题。根据上文的句子In
American
history,
Benjamin
Franklin
was
a
scientist,
inventor
and
writer
as
well
as
a
leader
of
the
American
Revolution.
在美国历史上，本杰明富兰克林是一位科学家、发明家和作家，同时也是美国革命的领导者。可知，下文应该是对Franklin的进一步介绍。结合所给的选项可知，选择He
was
also
famous
for
his
proverbs.
他也因他的谚语而出名。符合语境。故选C。
2.
E
【解析】细节理解题。由后一句中"Some
of
them
are
still
used
today…"可知，此处应连接上下文，对《可怜的理查德年历》中所出现的谚语格言进行描述。结合所给的选项可知，选择He
included
many
proverbs
that
he
had
heard
or
created.
他包括许多他听到或创造的谚语。符合语境。故选E。
3.
D
【解析】细节理解题。由前文中“A
penny
saved
is
a
penny
earned.
”可知，此处应是对谚语的进一步解释。结合所给的选项可知，选择This
means
that
money
should
not
be
wasted.
这意味着钱不应该浪费。符合语境。故选D。
4.
B
【解析】细节理解题。根据下文的句子In
other
words,
when
you
are
in
love
with
someone,
you
may
refuse
to
see
anything
bad
about
that
person.
换句话说，当你爱上某人时，你可能会拒绝看到他有什么不好的一面。可知，下文应该提到有关“爱”的谚语。结合所给的选项可知，选择Another
proverb
says
“Love
is
blind.”
另一句谚语说“爱是盲目的”。符合语境。故选B。
5.
A
【解析】细节理解题。根据下文的句子This
proverb
is
true
in
love
and
war
or
other
situations.
It
means
that
what
you
do
is
more
important
than
what
you
say.
这句谚语在爱情、战争或其他情况下是正确的。这意味着你所做的比你所说的更重要。可知，上文应该提到有关“行动”方面的谚语。结合所给的选项可知，选择Actions
speak
louder
than
words.
行动胜于雄辩。符合语境。故选A。
It's
easy
to
tell
someone
good
news,
but
what
about
bad
news?
Are
there
any
good
ways
to
give
bad
news
without
making
people
too
upset?
_____1_____
★
Say
something
good
Try
to
start
the
conversation
with
something
good
so
that
what
you
say
is
not
all
bad.
For
example,
"I
know
you
play
soccer
very
well,
but
we
only
need
one
teammate."
Or
you
may
end
the
conversation
with
a
promise."
____2____
"
★Prepare
your
listener
for
the
news
Use
words
to
introduce
what
you'
re
going
to
say,
like"I'm
really
sorry,
but..."or
"I'm
afraid
I've
got
some
bad
news."
_____3_____
★Try
to
give
a
reason.
____4____Try
to
explain
the
decision:
if
you
have
to
cancel
a
trip
with
friends,
can
you
explain
why?
★_____5_____If
you'
re
giving
someone
bad
news,
try
to
use
a
soft
friendly
voice
to
make
you
sound
kind.
Say
things
to
show
you
understand,
like
"I'm
really
sorry.
I
know
this
must
be
disappointing."
根据短文内容，将下面方框内的句子还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺（每个选项只能用一次）。
A.
I'm
sure
you
will
join
us
in
the
next
game
B.
The
following
ways
might
help
C.
Use
a
soft
friendly
voice
D.
This
gives
the
listener
time
to
prepare
for
what
you
will
say
E.
People
like
to
know
why
things
go
wrong
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述如何将不好的消息告诉对方的方法。
1.
B
【解析】根据It's
easy
to
tell
someone
good
news,
but
what
about
bad
news?
Are
there
any
good
ways
to
give
bad
news
without
making
people
too
upset“告诉其他人好消息容易，但是坏消息呢？有没有好的方法可以在不让人太沮丧的情况下告诉别人坏消息呢？”可知，空处表示“下面的方法可能会帮助你”，故选B。
2.
A
【解析】根据Or
you
may
end
the
conversation
with
a
promise“或者你可以用一个承诺结束对话”可知，可以说“我相信你会参加下一场比赛”。故选A。
3.
D
【解析】根据Use
words
to
introduce
what
you'
re
going
to
say,
like"I'm
really
sorry,
but..."or
"I'm
afraid
I'
ve
got
some
bad
news“用词来介绍你要说的话，比如"我真的很抱歉，但是…"或者"我恐怕我有一些坏消息”可知,这会给听众准备你将要说的话，故选D。
4.
E
【解析】根据Try
to
give
a
reason“尝试给一个理由”可知，人们喜欢知道
什么会出错，故填E。
5.
C
【解析】根据If
you'
re
giving
someone
bad
news,
try
to
use
a
soft
friendly
voice
to
make
you
sound
kind“如果你给某个人坏消息，尝试着用柔和的、友好的声音来让你听起来很友好”可知，要使用柔和的友好的声音，故选C。
阅读短文及文后A~E选项,选出可以填入46~50各题空白处的最佳选项。
Smoke
alarms(报警器)
House
fires
cause
many
deaths
each
year
and
a
large
number
of
these
fires
are
unfortunately
set
by
children.___1___Kids
must
understand
that
they’d
better
not
play
with
fire.
You
should
keep
matches
and
lighters
out
of
their
reach.
___2___
The
main
job
of
such
an
alarm
is
to
protect
you
while
you're
asleep.
You
should
have
a
smoke
alarm
outside
each
bedroom
and
on
each
floor
of
your
home.
You
ought
to
have
two
plans
for
getting
out
of
your
house
if
there
is
a
fire
and
practise
these
plans
in
the
dark
with
your
family.
A
smoke
alarm
warns
you
of
the
danger.
___3___Take
action
immediately.
When
you
come
to
a
closed
door,
check
it
with
the
back
of
your
hand.
If
it
feels
hot,
there
may
be
smoke
or
fire
behind
the
door,
so
take
care.
Once
you
are
out
of
your
house,
call
the
fire
department
from
a
neighbor's
house.
If
a
family
member
or
a
pet
is
caught
inside,
you
shouldn’t
go
back
in.
Firemen
know
how
to
perform
rescues
safely.
___4___
Change
the
batteries
at
least
once
a
year.
You
should
use
the
test
button
each
month
to
see
if
the
alarm
and
batteries
are
still
working.
A
smoke
alarm
lasts
about
ten
years.
You
ought
to
change
it
even
if
it
seems
to
be
working.
About
two
out
of
three
fire
deaths
happen
in
homes
with
no
working
smoke
alarms.___5___
A.
Most
of
these
deaths
can
be
avoided
B.
But
when
you
hear
it,
you
don
t
have
much
time
C.
A
smoke
alarm
is
only
good
if
it's
working
properly
D.
So,
it's
important
to
teach
them
that
fire
is
a
tool,
not
a
toy
E.
A
smoke
alarm
greatly
reduces
your
chances
of
being
hurt
in
a
fire
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】房屋火灾每年都造成很多人死亡，并且很多火灾都是有儿童引起的，因此有必要教给孩子们不要玩火。为了以防万一，家里可以安装烟雾报警器，它能大大减少火灾中受伤的可能性。这篇短文对使用烟雾报警器给了我们一些建议。
1.
D空前这句话House
fires
cause
many
deaths
each
year
and
a
large
number
of
these
fires
are
unfortunately
set
by
children.提到“很多火灾都是由孩子们引起的”；空格后Kids
must
understand
that
they’d
better
not
play
with
fire提到“孩子们最好不要玩火”，前后为因果关系，因此这里应起到承接上文，并引出文章主题的作用，故应选D，意为“因此教给他们火是工具，而不是玩具是很重要的”。
2.
E下句话The
main
job
of
such
an
alarm
is
to
protect
you
while
you're
asleep提到了烟雾报警器的作用，这个空位于该段的第一句话，应该是对整段内容的概括，故应选E，意为“烟雾报警器大大降低了你在火灾中受伤的可能性”。
3.
B根据空格前A
smoke
alarm
warns
you
of
the
danger.可知，烟雾报警器可以警告我们有危险；空格后的这句话Take
action
immediately.要我们马上采取行动，因此当你听到烟雾报警器响的时候，逃离的时间就不多了，故应选B，与空后形成因果关系。
4.
C根据这一段的内容Change
the
batteries
at
least
once
a
year.
You
should
use
the
test
button
each
month
to
see
if
the
alarm
and
batteries
are
still
working.可知，这一段中告诉我们要注意更换烟雾报警器的电池，每个月应使用测试按钮，看看报警器和电池是否还在工作。故这一段是想告诉我们烟雾报警器只有在正常工作时才是管用的。故应选C。
5.
A空格前About
two
out
of
three
fire
deaths
happen
in
homes
with
no
working
smoke
alarms提到，大约有三分之二的火灾死亡事件都是由于没有烟雾报警器，A选项中的these
deaths呼应了上句话的内容，故应选A，意为“大多数死亡案例是可以避免的”。
The
Internet
is
shaping
our
Lives.
We
already
have
online
shopping
services
and
mobile
payment.
However,
this
is
just
a
start.
The
world’s
leading
tech
companies
are
planning
to
build
smarter
online
communities.
___1___It
was
held
in
Wuzhen,
Zhejiang
last
year.
The
development
of
artificial
intelligence（AI，人工智能）was
a
hot
topic
at
the
conference（会议）．If
a
machine
can
learn
and
solve
problems
as
humans
do,
it
can
be
called
AI.
The
company
Alibaha
uses
AI
technology
in
its
unmanned
supermarket
inWuzhen.
Here
is
no
salesperson
in
the
supermarket,
just
a
tablet
on
a
desk
that
says
“please
smile”.___2___The
bigger
your
smile
is,
the
more
discounts
(折扣)
you
will
get.
Payment
is
done
automatically（自动地）through
your
Alipay（支付宝）account.
When
you
first
enter
the
supermarket,
the
supermarket's
AI
recognizes
your
face
and
your
account.
There
is
also
AI
that
can
read
lips.
___3___It
recognizes
your
mouth's
movements
and
turns
them
into
voices
or
text
messages.
This
could
be
very
useful
when
you
are
trying
to
talk
to
someone
on
your
phone
in
a
noisy
place.
Police
could
also
use
the
technology
to
help
them
find
criminal
suspects
by
lip-reading
recordings
from
video
cameras.
___4___Microsoft's
chatbot
XiaoIce
can
not
only
provide
useful
information,
but
also
chat
with
people
like
a
real
friend.
XiaoIce
has
a
WeChat
account.
After
following
the
account,
users
can
start
talking
with
her.___5___She
keeps
improving
herself
by
talking
with
users.
These
technologies
are
being
put
into
wider
use.
We
may
see
a
smarter
world
and
better
lives
in
the
near
future.
A.
She
knows
when
to
comfort
you
or
tell
jokes.B.
They
discussed
this
at
the
World
Internet
Conference.C.
Sougou
brought
its
lip-reading
system
to
the
conference.D.
If
you
smile,
it
will
give
you
a
special
discount
for
your
goods.E.
Another
type
of
AI
focuses
on
understanding
human
emotions.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】互联网正在塑造我们的生活，我们已经有了网上购物服务和手机支付。然而这只是一个开始。世界领先的科技公司正计划建立更智能的在线社区。短文介绍了人工智能给我们的生活带来的便利和好处。
1.
B句意：他们在世界互联网会议上讨论了这个问题。
【解析】根据下文中的句子“It
was
held
in
Wuzhen,
Zhejiang
last
year.
The
development
of
artificial
intelligence（AI，人工智能）was
a
hot
topic
at
the
conference（会议）.”它去年在浙江乌镇举行。人工智能的发展是会议上的一个热门话题。因此本句提到世界互联网会议，答案为B。
2.
D句意：如果你微笑，它会给你的商品一个特别的折扣。
【解析】根据下文中的句子“The
bigger
your
smile
is,
the
more
discounts
(折扣)
you
will
get.”你的笑容越大，折扣就越多。因此本句说微笑会使你购买的商品得到优惠，故答案为D。
3.
C句意：搜狗把它的唇读系统带到了会议上。
【解析】根据后面的句子It
recognizes
your
mouth's
movements
and
turns
them
into
voices
or
text
messages.
This
could
be
very
useful
when
you
are
trying
to
talk
to
someone
on
your
phone
in
a
noisy
place.
它能识别你的嘴的运动，并把它们变成声音或短信。当你试图在嘈杂的地方用手机和某人交谈时，这可能非常有用。因此本句提到“唇读系统”，后面是解释它的功能。故答案为C。
4.
E句意：另一种人工智能专注于理解人类情感。
【解析】结合下面的句子“Microsoft's
chatbot
XiaoIce
can
not
only
provide
useful
information,
but
also
chat
with
people
like
a
real
friend.”微软的聊天机器人“XiaoIce”不仅能提供有用的信息，还能像真正的朋友一样与人聊天。说明这类智能机器人能理解人类的情感，与人沟通。故此句说“另一种人工智能专注于理解人类情感”。答案为E。
5.
A句意：她知道什么时候安慰你或讲笑话。
【解析】结合上下文中的句子“After
following
the
account,
users
can
start
talking
with
her.
She
keeps
improving
herself
by
talking
with
users.”可知，聊天机器人“XiaoIce”也有微信账号，能与用户聊天，知道何时安慰用户或讲笑话，通过与用户交谈不断提高自己。故答案为A。