2012高考研讨会精品课件：高效复习人文备考高中英语新课程与2012高考备考
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| 名称 | 2012高考研讨会精品课件：高效复习人文备考高中英语新课程与2012高考备考 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2012-02-15 08:43:50 | ||
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(共142张PPT)
高效复习 人文备考
高中英语新课程与2012高考备考
主讲教师 王禄荣
研讨内容
一、从高中英语新课程与大纲和新课标卷的对比审视我们的教学现状——因材施教，理性定位
二、新课程背景下的高中英语教学与高考备考
——注重基础，突出语境，强调应用
三、科学有效备课，民主高效教学
★教师形成个性化教学风格
（摒弃追求捷径心里）
★关注学生学习方式的转变
四、展望2012年高考—— 高效教学，人文备考
因材施教 理性定位
一、从高中英语新课程与大纲和新课标卷的对比审视我们的教学现状
2010高考英语新课标版与全国大纲版试卷(1)比较
对比与比较
（满分150分） 听力
（30分） 单项填空
（15分） 完形填空
（30分） 阅读理解
40分（30分同） 短文改错（10分） 书面表达（25分）
大纲版（I卷）
内蒙
河南
广西
山西 同
安徽
江西
福建
江苏
山东
同
同 A、B、C、E篇与新课标卷A、B、、C、D篇同；都是四选一。 内容体例不同
同
新课标版（全国卷）
黑龙江；吉林
海南
宁夏
同
同
同 A、B、C篇同；D篇 与I卷E篇同；第二节七选五 内容体例不同
同
2011高考英语新课标版与全国大纲版试卷(1)比较
对比与比较
（满分150分） 听力
（30分） 单项填空
（15分） 完形填空
（30分） 阅读理解
40分（30分同） 短文改错（10分） 书面表达（25分）
大纲版（I卷）
内蒙
广西
山西 同
安徽
江西
福建
江苏
山东
同
同 A、C、D、E篇与新课标卷A、B、C、D篇同；都是四选一。 内容体例不同
同
新课标版（全国卷）
黑龙江；吉林
海南/宁夏
河南
同
同
同 A、B、C、D篇 与大纲I卷A、C、D、E同；第二节七选五 内容体例不同
同
新课程与课时的矛盾
新课程与高考
模块评价与学分认定
选修课的开设与管理
教师角色转换与课堂控制
学生学习方式的转换
改变人才培养模式，实现学生学习方式的根本变革，使现在的学生成为未来社会具有国际竞争力的公民。
各国课程改革的主要趋势
高考英语命题趋势
凸显新课程理念
*
新课改高考——英语课程标准精神:
以考查学生综合语言运用能力为目标；
笔试应避免单纯语音知识题和单纯语法知识题；增加具有语境的应用型试题的比例；适当减少客观题，增加有助于学生思维表达的主观题；阅读表达，填空，简答题，信息匹配，语法填空，基础写作，读写任务，情景作文，开放作文等等。（各实验区高考英语命题形式）
考试性质
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是合格的高中毕业生和具有同等学力的考生参加的选拔性考试。高等学校根据考生成绩，按已确定的招生计划，德、智、体全面衡量，择优录取。因此，高考应具有较高的信度、效度，适当的难度和必要的区分度。
2011年全国新课标高考考试大纲：英语
考核目标与要求
语言知识
要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附录1-附录5)，要求词汇量为3500左右。(注：各省区可以根据本地实际情况在《考试说明》中对词汇量进行适当调整，但不得低于2000个单词;同时，应制订计划，在一定时间内分期、分批增加至3500个单词。)
语言运用
1.听力
要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能：
(1)理解主旨和要义;
(2)获取具体的、事实性信息;
(3)对所听内容作出推断;
(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。
2.阅读
要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能：
(1)理解主旨和要义;
(2)理解文中具体信息;
(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义;
(4)作出判断和推理;
(5)理解文章的基本结构;
(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
(1)理解主旨和要义（全国1卷B篇）
59.What is the text mainly about
A. A best selling coffee.
B. A special educational program.
C. Government support for schools.
D. A new type of teacher- student relationship.
(2)理解文中具体信息;（全国2卷D篇，均考查细节或具体信息）
55. For two persons spending a night in one of these hotels, they have to pay at least________.
A. $111
B. $182
C. $600
D. $636
(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义
Beijing’s skiing craze is partly a result of the recent increase in private(私有的)cars. This has led to the growth of a leisure industry in the capital’s suburbs(郊区), which until the late-1990s were unreachable to ordinary people. According to Mr. Wei, about 40％of the visitors to his resort come in their own cars. The rest are bused in by schools, businesses or government offices.
（2010全国2卷 C篇）
52. The underlined words “leisure industry” in Paragraph 3
refer to .
A．transport to ski resorts
B．production of family cars
C. business of providing spare time enjoyments
D．part-time work for people living in the suburbs
（2010全国1卷 E篇）
I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time I was on a train. I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar face. I sighed and sat down to read my Economics.
73. Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph
A. choose B. enjoy C. prepare for D. carry on
(4)作出判断和推理（2010全国1卷C篇）
65.What can we infer about primitive birds from the text
A. They had claws to help them climb.
B. They could fly long distances.
C. They had four wings like hoatzins.
D. They had a head with long feathers on the top.
(5)理解文章的基本结构（细节）（2010全国1卷D篇）
68. We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if __________.
A. he has a pet companion
69. According to Allen, why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks
C. They are less nervous.
70. The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that_________.
A. people with dogs did more exercise
(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度（2010全国2卷A篇）
43. Why does the author say that Brownie was more than just a family pet
A. She was treated as a member of the family.
B. She played games with anyone she liked.
C. She was loved by everybody she met.
D. She went everywhere with the family.
2010新课标版试卷 阅读理解
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Q&A
Question: I have recently got a serious position within my company. One of my new tasks is to make monthly progress reports on my department in front of other senior officials. During my first meeting, I presented and then opened the floor to questions. 71 . My first reaction was to answer defensively. Later, I realized that I shouldn’t have felt that way. But how can I keep cool and effectively answer questions in this type of settings
Answer: Congratulations on your new position! Presenting in front of your peers（同事）is a hard task in itself, and it comes much more difficult when a question-and-answer period is required. Question-and-answer periods are a great way to clarify the message and strengthen key points, 72
2010新课标版试卷 阅读理解
● 73
When a person is asking a question, show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.
● Buy time.
When facing a hard question, most people can’t give an answer immediately. Buy time by repeating the question in your own words. 74 . These techniques allow you to quickly organize your thoughts as well as to make sure you will be correctly answering the question.
● Suggest a private meeting.
A one-on-one meeting is a calmer setting than speaking in front of your peers. 75
2010新课标版试卷 阅读理解
A. Show your true interest.
B. Restate the question with respect.
C. Some ideas can be quite concrete.
D. There were many difficult questions.
E. It can also be more effective in exchanging ideas.
F. You may also ask for clarification on the question.
G. Here are some ideas that can help you prepare for your next meeting.
3.写作
要求考生根据题示进行书面表达。考生应能：
(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思;
(2)有效运用所学语言知识。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满份10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线（ ），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
第四部分 第一节：短文改错（2010全国新课标卷）
My friend Nick told me ^ story about his experience back in the US, which was
a
very interested. One day be was having a yard sale and the old man living next door
interesting
come by to help. As the old man looked over the thing on the yard that were to be
came in 或ground
sold, he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees. On the box was a card
balls
say: “25 cents each.” “ You will never sell these for that much.” he told Nick.
saying
Convinced , Nick has brought the price up to 10 cents a piece. Without a moment’s
down
delay, my neighhor picked up the box but announced:”I’ll take them.”
his and
2010年 短文改错 （辽宁卷）
2010浙江卷 短文改错
附录1 语音项目表
附录2 语法项目表
附录3 功能意念项目表
附录4 话题项目表
附录5 词汇表(略)
附录4 话题项目表
1.个人情况(Personal information)
2.家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family, friends and people around)
3.周围的环境(Personal environments)
4.日常活动(Daily routines)
5.学校生活(School life)
6.兴趣与爱好(Interests and hobbies)
7.个人感情(Emotions)
8.人际关系(Interpersonal relationships)
9.计划与愿望(Plans and intentions)
10.节假日活动(Festivals, holidays and celebrations)
11.购物(Shopping)
12.饮食(Food and drink)
13.健康(Health)
14.天气(Weather)
15.文娱与体育(Entertainment and sports)
16.旅游和交通(Travel and transport)
17.语言学习(Language learning)
18.自然(Nature)
19.世界与环境(The world and the environment)
20.科普知识与现代技术(Popular science and modern technology)
21.热点话题(Topical issues)
22.历史与地理(History and geography)
23.社会(Society)
24.文学与艺术(Literature and art)
2010全国1卷和全国新课标卷
假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛（speech contest），希望附近某大学的外籍教师Smith女士来做评委。请参照以下比赛通知给她写一封信。
英语演讲比赛
主题：人与自然
时间：6月15日下午2：00－5：00
地点：501教室
参赛选手：10名学生
联系人：李华（电话44876655）
欢迎大家光临
注意：词数100左右。
One possible version 2010全国1卷和新课标卷
Dear Ms. Smith,
I'm Li Hua, a chairman of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university. I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15. It will start at 2:00 pm in Room 501 and last for about three hours. Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”. We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you. Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions.
I am looking forward to your reply.
With best wishes,
Li Hua
二、新课程背景下的高中英语教学与高考备考
注重基础
突出语境
强调应用
"Will you buy my hair ;' asked Della. "I buy hair," said Madame. "Take off your hat and let's have a look at it." Down flowed the brown cascade. "Twenty dollars," said Madame, lifting the mass with a practised hand.
…
So now Della's long, beautiful hair fell about her shoulders like a cascade of brown waters. It reached below her knee and made itself almost a garment for her.
近三年高考试卷
考点归纳及分析
单项填空
着重考查考生对英语语言知识的记忆、理解、掌握和运用能力。要求考生根据题干所给的语境条件进行分析、对比，灵活地运用各项英语基础知识。考查的主要语言知识有语法知识、词汇知识、习惯用语、交际用语和各种常见表达法等。
单项填空 09--11年英语高考单项填空分类
一、名词
1. China has got a good for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization. （09安徽）
A. reputation B. influence C. impression D. knowledge
2. James took the magazines off the little table to make ______for the television. (10 天津）
A. room B. area C. field D. position
3. Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s ______ . （2011·四川卷）
A. touch B. sight C. reach D. distance
09--11年英语高考单项填空分类
二、冠词
1. In order to find _______ better job, he decided to study _________ second foreign language. （09四川）
A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the
2．If we sit near ______ front of the bus, we’ll have _____ better view. （10 山东）
A.不填; the B. 不填; a C. the; a D. the; the
3. As is know to all, _____ People’s Republic of China is _____ biggest developing country in the world. （2011·陕西卷）
A. the ;不填 B. 不填 ；the C. the ；the D. 不填；不填
09--11年英语高考单项填空分类
三、代词
1. Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ___extra stress. （09北京）
A. it B. them C. one D. him
2. I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldn’t face ________ day like that.
（09山东）
A. other B. another C. the other D. others
3. We feel _____ our duty to make our country a better place. （2011天津卷）
A. it B. this C. that D. one
四、介词
1. （2010北京）Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden They are ______ everyone’s enjoyment.
A. in B. at C. for D. to
2. (2011山东）I’m sorry I didn’t phone you, but I’ve been very busy_______ the past couple of weeks.
A. beyond B. with C. among D. over
3. （2011四川）Nick, it’s good for you to read some books _______China before you start your trip there.
A. in B. for C. of D. on
4. （2011浙江）I always wanted to do the job which I’d been trained ______.
A. on B. for C. by D. of
五、介词及短语辨析
1.（2010浙江）I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just _______.
A. by nature B. in return C. in case D. by chance
2. （2010江苏）So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ______ ideal. We have to work still harder.
A. next to B. far from C. out of D. due to
3. （2010福建）More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities _______ space.
A. in search of B. in place of C. for lack of D. for fear of 4.（2011江苏）We d better discuss everything ________ before we work out the plan. A. in detail B. in general C. on purpose D. on time
5．(2011新课标/全国I卷)The form cannot be signed by anyone _________ yourself.
A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. better than
09--11年英语高考单项填空分类
六、形容词与副词
1. The questionnaire takes ______ ten to fifteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment interview. （09湖北）
A. mainly B. punctually C. approximately D. precisely
2．Drunk driving, which was once a _______ occurrence, is now under control.（10 福建）
A. general B. frequent C. normal D. particular
3. The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _____ the present one。 （2011 陕西卷）
A. as three times big as B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times D. as big three times as
六、形容词与副词
4. (2010辽宁)Jim went to answer the phone._________, Harry started to prepare lunch.
A. However B. Nevertheless C. Besides D. Meanwhile
5. (2011浙江)The professor could tell by the _______ look in Maris's eyes that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture.
A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. fresh
6. (2011江苏)In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russia are ________.
A. special B. regional C. optional D. original
7. (2011浙江) I’ve been writing this report ______ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.
A. finally B. immediately C. occasionally D. certainly
8. (2011浙江)My schedule is very _____ right now, but I’ll try to fit you in.
A. tight B. short C. regular D. flexible
9. （2010新课标/全国I卷） I’ll spend half of my holiday practicing
English and _________ half learning drawing.
A. another B. the other C. other’s D. other
10. （2010湖北）In this lecture, I can only give you a purely view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
A. private B. personal C. unique D. different
11. （2010湖北）If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my ________ reaction will be to tell the police.
A. physical B. immediate C. sensitive D. sudden
12. （2011江西）—The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.
—Why It’s ______ than the films I have ever seen.
A. far more interesting B. much less interesting
C. no more interesting D. any less interesting
13. (2010安徽) ______, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.
A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtful
C. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic
七、动词及动词短语
1. Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything, the teacher will ______ the main points at the end. （09天津）
A. recover B. review C. require D. remember
2．Practisig Chinese kung fu can not only ________ one’s strength, but also develop one’s character. （09浙江）
A. bring up B. take up C. build up D. pull up
3. （2010新课标/全国I卷）The workers ______ the glasses and marked on each box “This Side Up” .
A. carried B. delivered C. pressed D. packed
4. I _______ a bank account after I made﹩1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation. （2011·天津卷）
A. borrowed B. opened C. entered D. ordered
5. （2011山东）They are broadening the bridge to ______the flow of traffic. A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out
6. （2011江苏）—You look upset. What’s the matter — I had my proposal ________ again. A. turned over B. turned on C. turned off D. turned down
7. （2011安徽）As the story______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins B. happens C .ends D. develops
8. （2011江苏） — Are you still mad at her — Not really, but I can t________ that her remarks hurt me. A. deny B. refuse C. reject D. decline
9. （2011新课标/全国I卷）William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to________.
A. disappear B. fall C. fail D. damage
10. (2011浙江)He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______ at a hotel for the night.
A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up
11．（2011新课标/全国I卷）I can the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with B. put up with C. turn to D. stick to
09--11年英语高考单项填空分类
八、非谓语动词
1. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____all four people on board. （09上海）
A. killed B. killing C. kills D. to kill
2. His first book _____ next month is based on a true story.（10陕西）
A. published B. to be published
C. to publish D. being published
3. Passengers are permitted _______ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. （2011·天津卷）
A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried
4．The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.（2011全国课标卷27）
A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen
九、动词时态
1. Planning so far ahead no sense—so many things will have changed by next year. （2011全国课标卷 23）
A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made
2. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he polite.
（2011课标卷24）
A. was just being B. will just be
C. had just been D. would just be
3. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ______ there.
（2011全国课标卷29）
A. had been lying B. has been lying
C. was lying D. has lain
十、状语从句
1. You can’t borrow books from the school library ______ you get your student card. （09上海）
A. before B. if C. while D. as
2. _______ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. （09江苏）
A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until
3. _______regular exercise is very important. It’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. （2011·天津卷）
A. It B. As C. Although D. Unless
4. Try she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.（2011全国课标卷22）
A. if B. when C. since D. as
十一、情态动词
1．They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.（2011全国课标卷32）
A. will B. can C. must D. should
2. If you smoke, please go outside. （2011全国II卷8）
A. can B. should C. must D. may
十二、定语从句
1. It’s helpful to put children in a situation _______ they can see themselves differently. （09福建）
A. that B. when C. which D. where
2．I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _______name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. （09湖南）
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
3. The days are gone _______ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. （2011天津卷）
A. when B. that C. where D. which
4. The prize will go to the writer________ story shows the most imagination.（2011全国新课标卷31）
A. that B. which C. whose D. what
十三、名词性从句
1. a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project. （09安徽）
A. It has B. They have C. It remains D. There remains
2．She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do ______ it takes to save her life. （09湖南）
A. Whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever
3. Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases. （2011·天津卷）
A. what B. which C. that D. where
09--11年英语高考单项填空分类
十四、情景交际
1. — Could you be so kind as to close the window
— . （09安徽）
A. With pleasure B. Go ahead C. Yes, please D. That's OK
2. —Thank you for your MP4 player. I’ll get Mary to take it to you soon.
—___________. I’ve bought a new one. （09江西）
A. No sense B. No hurry C. No way D. No use
3. —We can give you a ride into town.
— _________Thank you. （2011·陕西卷）
A. Yes, why not B. Oh, it would be my pleasure.
C. Yes, please. D. Oh, that would be great.
十四、情景交际
4. —We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party.
—Yes, I’ll give them a call right now.
（2011全国课标卷21）
A. why not B. What for C. why D. what
5. —Someone wants you on the phone.
— nobody knows I am here. （2011全国课标卷25）
A. Although B. And C. But D. So 6. —Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.
—Well, you married one. . （2011全国课标卷35）
A. You name it B. I’ve got it
C. I can’t agree more D. You should know
词汇教学的重任
Wilkins(1972)指出：“没有语法不能很好地表达，而没有词汇则什么也不能表达。”
Without grammar little can be conveyed; without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.
我国20世纪30-90年代中学英语词汇量设置
时间 中学词汇量
1936年 8000
1941年 7000
1948年 6000
1951年 5000
1963年 3500-4000
1978年 2800
1996年 1800-2300（创历史新低）
20世纪末世界部分国家中学英语词汇量设置
国 家 中学词汇量
俄罗斯 9000
西班牙 6000
日本 5000
南朝鲜 5000
中国（旧大纲） 1800-2300
高中课程标准词汇总量 3600-4100
2009全国II卷
What I need is a book that contains the ABC of oil painting.
A to Z
Mr. Smith knows the subject from A to Z.
A friend is A to Z.
*
2010湖南卷 Section C (12 marks)
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
Parents are busy people. If they are working, they are usually not at home 48 their children return from school. Sometimes it is necessary for a parent to write 49 after-school note for their children. They sometimes put the note on the kitchen table, the refrigerator, 50 another place where their children are sure to find it. A note is often a 51 way to "talk" with a child than using the telephone. For one thing, parents have time to think about 52 they want to say before they write. 53 another, the note lists all the information in one place. It is easy to read again and again People often forget all the details that 54 hear in a telephone call. Finally, cell phones can be turned 55 or telephone calls not answered. For these reasons, after-school notes are very popular with parents.
07-11广东卷用“语法填空”取代了“单项填空”
（2008）第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31～40的相应位置上。
Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. 31 these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow”, is based on the following story.
It is said that a short—tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help 33 rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 34 day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.
One day, he came up with an idea 35 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day.
He was very tired 36 doing this for a whole day, 37 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 38 (high).
His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither.
This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 39 (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often 40 (result) in the contrary to our intention.
31. Behind / In 32. to help 33. his 34. this / it 35. that
36. after / from 37. but / yet 38. higher 39. natural 40. results
*
2011新课标C篇/全国I卷D篇
Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband’s income. So this year she did something more than a hobby: She planted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The family’s old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month.
64. What does the word “residents” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to
A. chickens B. tomatoes C. gardens D. people
2011安徽卷E篇
George Prochnik would like the world to put a
sock in it. He makes his case in a new book,
listening for Meaning in a World of Noise, Here
he explains himself (using his indoor voice):
72. What does the phrase “to put a sock in it” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. to be quiet B. to be colorful
C. to be full of love D. to be attentive to someone
（2011北京卷C篇）
The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas . I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the course the material and the class discussion .
64.The underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means ______.
A. explore B. accept C. change D. reject
（2011全国I卷B篇）
By the end of the seventeenth century, when newspapers were beginning to be read by more people, printed materials became an important way to promote products and services .The London Gazette was the first newspaper to set aside a place just for advertising. This was so successful that by the end of the century several companies started businesses for the purpose of making newspaper ads for merchants.
61. What does the word “This” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Advertising in newspapers. B. Including pictures in ads.
C. Selling goods in markets. D. Working with ad agencies.
（2011福建卷A篇）
Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain. Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice. To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.
57. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “________”.
A. alcohol B. absorption C. blood D. process
（2011广东卷B篇）
Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.
31. The underlined word swimmingly in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. early B. sweetly C. quickly D. smoothly
（2011湖南卷C篇）
The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.
67. The underlined word “divergence” in Paragraph 4 means “________.”
A. evolution B. exhibition
C. separation D. examination
(2011江西卷C篇)
The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850 – 1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed "the Garden City", almost certainly the source of Howard's name for his later building plan of towns． Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs
67．The underlined phrase "drawing on "in Paragraph 1 probably means______．
A．making use of B．making comments on
C．giving an explanation of D．giving a description of
（2011辽宁卷D篇）
The Coalition for the Homeless is an organization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States. It is a network of offices, some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population. and some of which fight for the passing of laws that would give every American the right to a place to call home.
67. The word “address” in the first line probably means________.
A. talk about B. deal with
C. fight for D. write to
（2011陕西卷D篇）
Something else, however, has been on the rise, While GM seeds are expensive, GM companies tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides（杀虫剂）. On the contrary, US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops. “The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. But neither is true,” said Bill Christison, President of the US National Farm Coalition.
58. What does the underlined word “boost ” in the third paragraph probably mean
A. Control. B. Evaluate. C. Obtain. D. Increase.
（2011四川卷A篇）
So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5:00 a.m. What gives me the reason to just say to ice cream Commitment. A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety, increases self –confidence and energy, extends life and above all improves my body shape. This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right. It’s through commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and out.
43.What does the underlined word “commitment” in the last paragraph mean
A. Good health B. Firm belief
C. A strong power D. A regular habit
（2011四川卷C篇）
As digital media（媒介）is important to its idea, the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies. 49.The underline part “its idea” in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of________.
A. the equipment B. the project
C. the digital media D. the physical library
（2011四川卷E篇）
In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines ,averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-years period.
57 . What does the underlined part “gain an edge ” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Increase the speed. B. Get an advantage.
C. Reach the limit. D. Set a goal
（2011四川卷E篇）
2
How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better They thought differently about what “slower “and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly ) and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example , may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference . But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.
58. The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ___________.
A. spending more time and performing worse.
B. spending more time and performing better
C. spending less time and performing worse
D. spending less time and performing better
（2011天津卷C篇）
Ultimately, as Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process, or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.
49. The underlined words “shared a word” in Paragraph 5 probably mean______.
A. exchanged ideas with each other
B. discussed the meaning of a word
C. gamed life experience
D. used the same language
（2011浙江卷A篇）
Ceely's near miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS device(导航仪). She had never driven the route before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS. But it made no mention of the crossing. "I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train," she told the BBC.
42. The phrase “near miss” (paragraph 2 ) can best be
replaced by _________.
A. close bit B. heavy loss
C. narrow escape D. big mistake
（2011浙江卷C篇）
New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Internet. For example, many companies now have to invest (投资) a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone rage”— caused by delays in answering calls, being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.
51. The writer mentions “phone rage” (Paragraph 3) to show that .
A. customers often use phones to express their anger
B. people still prefer to buy goods online
C. customer care becomes more attention
D. customers rely on their phones to obtain services
（2011重庆卷A篇）
There was a gardener who looked after his garden with great care. To water his flowers, he used two buckets .One was a shiny and new bucket. The other was a very old and dilapidated one, which had seen many years of service, but was now past its best.
56. What does the underlined word “ dilapidated” probably mean
A. Dirty B. Dark C. Worn-out D. Plain-looking.
（2011上海卷A篇）
My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her. 66. What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to
A. A book of great fun. B. A writer of high fame.
C. A serious masterpiece. D. A heartbreaking play.
（2011全国II卷）
So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don't just mean the words people speak. It is body language, dress, manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures（文化）．
53．The word "highlights" in Paragraph 2 probably means_____.
A. encourages B. helps to narrow
C. increases D. draws attention to
(2011全国II卷Ｅ篇)
It was four days after that life changing moment for the seventeen-year-old high school student from Destrehan, Louisiana----she was still on cloud nine．
56. What do the words “on cloud nine” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. frightened B. troubled
C. very happy D. very angry
五种基本句型
1、主语 + 系动词 + 表语
2、主语 + 不及物动词
3、主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
4、主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语
+ 直接宾语
5、主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
+ 宾语补足语
主语 + 系动词 + 表语
1. Jack is a good boy.
2. The park looks beautiful in spring.
3. His leg got hurt just now.
4. The speech is very exciting.
5. His hobby is playing football.
6. He is against our plan.
7. The truth is that he has never been
abroad.
主语 + 不及物动词
1. My grandma is sleeping now.
2. I will stay in Shanghai for a week.
3. Jack is leaving for New York.
4. It rained hard last night.
5. Lucy arrived in Beijing
yesterday.
6. We have lived here for ten years.
主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
1. My sister is writing a letter at this
moment.
2. We should learn from him.
3. Jack enjoys collecting stamps.
4. Our teacher promised to see the
movie with us.
5. I don’t know which school he is in.
主语 + 及物动词 +
间接宾语 + 直接宾语
1. His father bought him a computer.
2. I sent a birthday gift to her
yesterday.
3. My mother taught me how to
do it.
4. She asked Lucy whose pen it was.
主语 + 及物动词 +
宾语 + 宾语补足语
1. We must keep the classroom clean.
2. They consider Jack a brave boy.
3. Let the fresh air in.
4. What he said made me very angry.
4. Lucy will make herself known.
5. I saw the little girl dancing.
句子种类
简单句(Simple Sentences)
并列句(Compound Sentences)
复合句(Complex Sentences)
Simple Sentences
1. He can speak German.
2. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country
music.
3. We sang and danced yesterday
evening.
4. My brother and I go to school at 7:00 in the morning and come back home at 4:00 in the afternoon.
Compound Sentences
1. Work hard, and you will make
progress.
2. I was tired, but I felt happy.
3. It was cold outside, so we stayed at
home.
4. Hurry up, or you’ll be late for class.
Complex Sentences
1. It began to rain when we got home.
2. Jack didn’t go to school because he
caught a cold.
3. All of us know that we must study
hard.
4. When we are leaving has not been decided yet.
5. The lady whom you talked to is our
teacher.
Practice
Join each pair of sentences
into one sentence.
e.g. Tom often arrives late.
His boss gets angry.
Tom often arrives late, so his boss gets angry.
Because Tom often arrives late, his boss gets angry.
A passage without connectors
I had a bad cold last week. I had a running nose. I did not take it seriously. I began to cough. I had a fever and felt weak. I was sent to hospital and had to lie in bed for three days.
(可以运用手头课本进行练习）
A passage with connectors
I had a bad cold last week. At first, I had a running nose, but I did not take it seriously. Then I began to cough. After that, I had a fever and felt weak. Finally, I was sent to hospital and had to lie in bed for three days.
三、科学有效备课 民主高效教学
开展校本教研
教师形成个性化教学风格
促进学生学习方式的转变
1. 科学有效备课
When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers.
三人行，必有我师。
对备课的认识：
苏霍姆林斯基在《给教师的一百条建议中》提到一位老师对于备课的认识：“一般地，每堂课我都准备了一辈子…….”
科学处理和整合教材
什么是教材处理？简言之，教材处理就是“教什么”，“选什么教”，“教什么最好”。所以教材处理的艺术就是科学地、动态、机智地组织教学内容的艺术，就是提炼和组合的教学艺术（余映潮2009）。
在尊重教材的基础上，巧妙、科学地加工运用教材，适当地拓展教材，多角度挖掘教材的潜在价值，优化教材内容。（陈秀芳2009）
选修9 Module One
Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion
P 162-163 考纲词汇5个 bite, bitter, confirmed, impressed, subjective
课本词表给出词汇
62个 与考纲有关的词汇9个 charming, complexion, desperation, impatiently, insensitive, likeable, respectable, submission, superior
选修9 Module Two
DNA – the Secret of Life
P 163 考纲词汇8个 approve, bare, consequence, dawn, fancy, issue, oppose, question
课本词表给出词汇
43个 与考纲有关的6个词汇 alter, evolve，insure, regulatory,resistance, resistant
选修9 Module Three
The Qin Tomb and the Terracotta Warriors
P 163-165 考纲词汇12个 authority battle construct declare entrance expression feature invade scholar section treasure uniform wonder
课本词表给出词汇
73个 与考纲有关的10个词汇 centralized collapse column construct express magnificent reproduction rival underground unsurprisingly
选修9 Module Four
Languages of the World
P 165 考纲词汇15个 delight digest diverse document enthusiastic establish expand file generation origin root scholar swallow trend virus
课本词表给出词汇
44个 与考纲有关的8个词汇 argument ceremonial definition endangered furthermore infect outlook overtake
选修9 Module Five The First Americans
P 166-167 考纲
词汇
6个 atmosphere, chief, consist of, credit , in particular, recover
课本词表给出词汇
70个 与考纲有关的词汇
19个 acquaint, Christianity, dependent, fearless, immigrant, in turn, invader ,lead to, livestock, make peace (with sb), needless to say, primarily, profitable, removal, reservation, set foot on, starvation, tension, transcontinental
选修9 Module Six
Why Do We Need Dictionaries
P 167-168 考纲
词汇
9个 contract, assist, sort, fault, slip, entry, abstract, relevant, alternative
课本词表给出词汇
70个 与考纲有关的词汇
21个 accessibility，arguable，broadband, complexity, computerise, coachman, comprehensive, criminally, enlarge, electronic, embarrassment, forbidding, make sb’s acquaintance, massive, mercenary, momentary, motive, multimedia, organically, publication, see the light of day
选修9 Module one
Complete the following sentences with the words given, using proper forms when necessary.
1. She seemed ____________ enough when he said he wanted to help.
2. She felt ____________ about leaving the children with them when they were on holiday.
3. We tried to discuss the matter calmly and ___________ even though we don’t always agreed with each other.
4. Fletcher’s fitness and ___________ technique brought him victory.
5. We couldn’t leave the harbor until the storm _______.
superior, uneasy, moderate, reasonably, sincere, impressed, bite, morality, charming, irritation
强化高中英语教师在集体备课中的六种意识
（一）责任意识。
（二）忧患意识。
（三）合作意识。
（四）整体意识。
（五）超前意识。
（六）反思意识。
备课当中做到有效设计很关键
学生有无进步或发展
是教学有没有效益的唯一标准。
2. 以学生的发展为本，
关注学生学习方式的转变
教什么和怎么教，决不是凌空可以规定的，他们都包含
“人”的问题，人不同，则教的东西、教的方法、教的分量、教的次序都跟着不同了。
——陶行知
学习方式又称学习风格，是人
们在学习时所具有或偏爱的方式 。
学习方式是学习者持续一贯表
现出来的学习策略和学习倾向的总和。
学习方式与学习方法
3. 领会新课程的实质，改进教师的教学方式
教师工作的最终目的，无非是培养学生具有各种良好的习惯。
教师工作者的全部工作就是为人师表。
教师并非教书，而是教育学生。 ——叶圣陶
教师的心态要转变——从“牵”着学生走到学生自主学习，有一个适应过程；教师教学的重点在于学生的需要而不是自己的需要，以学论教；重新诠释“权威”。
教师的行为要转变——多听、多问、少告诉；平等交流；妙用激励与批评。
教师的素质要提高——教师的专业发展与校本教研的实践形式（教学型教研、研究型教研和学习型教研） 。
多元智能 -- Multiple Intelligences
多元智能理论是由美国哈佛大学教育研究院的心理发展学家加德纳(Howard Gardner)在1983年提出。加德纳从研究脑部受创伤的病人发觉到他们在学习能力上的差异，从而提出本理论。
根据加德纳的理论，学校在发展学生各方面智能的同时，必须留意每一个学生只会在某一、两方面的智能特别突出；而当学生未能在其他方面追上进度时，不要让学生因此而受到责罚。
1.语文 (Verbal/Linguistic)
2.逻辑 (Logical/Mathematical)
3.空间 (Visual/Spatial)
4.肢体运作 (Bodily/Kinesthetic)
5.音乐 (Musical/Rhythmic)
6.人际 (Inter-personal/Social)
7.内省 （Intra-personal/Introspective)
8.自然探索 (Naturalist，加德纳在1995年补充)
另外，有其它学者从内省智能分拆出“灵性智能”(spiritual intelligence)。
《心智的架构》(Frames of Mind, Howard Gardner, 1983)这本书里提出，人类的智能至少可以分成七个范畴(后来增加至八个)
加德勒的多元智力理论
多元智能理论有助老师从学生的智能分布去更了解学生：
1.可以利用多元智能理论来发掘资优学生，并进而为他们提供合适的发展机会，使他们茁壮成长；
2.可以利用多元智能理论来扶助有问题的学生，并采取对他们更合适的方法去学习。香港现时有几家中学，允许部分语文能力较低的学生利用录像来交功课。
四、展望2012年
高效教学 人文备考
Still water runs deep.
关注全国新课标卷和目前的大纲1卷
参照海南、宁夏、河南、黑龙江等省的操作办法
养成习惯，换个说法，就是教育。
教育是什么？往简单方面说，只须一句话， 就是养成良好的习惯。
——叶圣陶
孔子教育思想对世界的伟大贡献
有教无类
因材施教
诲人不倦
孔子的教育思想
教育指导方针：“有教无类”
教育基本方法：“因材施教”
教育基本内容：“诗、书、礼 、
乐、易、春秋”
（教育培养对象：“学而优则仕”）？
子曰：
“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”
“学而不思则罔，思而不学则怠。”
“知之者不如好之者，
好之者不如乐知者。”
“默而识之，学而不厌，
诲人不倦，何有与我哉？”
吕叔湘 先生
叶圣陶 先生
叶圣陶先生指出：最近吕叔湘先生说 了个比喻，他说，教育的性质类似农业， 而绝对不像工业。工业是把原料按照规定 的工序，制造成为符合设计的产品。农业可不是这样。农业是把种子种到地里，给它充分合适的条件，如水、阳光、空气、肥料等，让他自
己发芽生长，自己开花结果来满足人们的需
要。吕先生这个比喻说得好极了，办教育的
确跟种庄稼相仿。……最主要的就是给受教
育者提供充分的合适条件。
— 摘自叶圣陶《教育与人生》
教育的性质是 “农业”
反思：
“诲人不倦”与
“毁人不倦”
阅读教学是高中英语教学的重中之中（读写结合）
题型只是有微调，“完形填空”和“阅读理解”仍是试卷的重中之重。要注意：
1、对不同文体、不同题材的文章的基本特征如篇章结构、行文方法等加以研究；
2、有意识地训练自己对文章的主旨、作者写作意图等方面的宏观思维能力；
●英语作为一门语言，到高考之前都应该保持源源不断的输入。
3、注意对长句等复杂语言结构的解析（课本中的难长句处理）；
4、考生应该适当注意完形填空及阅读理解训练，适当注意一些交际英语的用法；
5、在泛读中扩大词汇量，培养根据上下文推断词义的能力。
To study and not think is a waste. To think and not study is dangerous.
学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
●要做题，更要“悟题”
第一轮复习过后，考生很容易陷入题海中任意沉浮、迷失方向。有必要提醒大家，做题不在多，贵在“悟”。要有意识地“参悟”试卷的命题规律，包括整体风格、选材特征、各大题型的考点（知识点和能力点），从而归纳解题思路和技巧。可以选择历年高考真题专项训练和总结。对自己的考试卷则要充分分析得失，做到知己知彼。
如何做好高考阅读理解推理判断题 （一）简单推理
When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years from now, how could they even begin to picture modern life Yet to men of 50,000 years from now, we may seem as primitive (原始的) in our ideas as the Stone-Age hunters do to us. Perhaps they will spend their days golllocing to make new spunders, or struggling with their ballalators through the cribe. These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can't think of.
1. The text discusses men and women 50,000 years ago and 50,000 years from now in order to show that________. A. human history is extremely long
B. life has not changed a great deal C. it is useless to plan for the next 50,000 years D. it is difficult to tell what will happen in the future
（二）复杂推理
1. 如何推测作者的写作目的和意图推测作者写作目的
A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa, a nearby village. They lived with the man's big family-his parents, his brothers, their wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the young woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar. Three months later the woman went back to her parents' home, having quarrelled with her husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat or work. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house. It went to the woman's home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal that she returned to her husband's home.
The writer wrote the story in order to________. A. show that elephants are very clever B. tell how a woman trained a wild animal C. show that women care more for animals than men do D. tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife
2. 如何推测文章的观点或结论
Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine Do you know what is meant by "Take only as directed " Read the following directions and see if you understand them. "To reduce pain, take two tablets(药片) with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief (缓解疼痛) take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours. For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount (量). For children under six years old, ask your doctor's advice. Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.“
It can be inferred from the directions that this medicine________.
A. helps you to fall asleep quickly B. may be dangerous to small children
C. cannot be taken if one feels sleepy D. shouldn't be taken by children under six
3. 如何推断文章的出处
This text is most probably taken from a________.
A. textbook
B. newsreel
C. doctor's notebook
D. bottle of medicine
4．如何推断人物性格
A well-known old man was being interviewed and was asked if it was correct that he had just celebrated his ninety-ninth birthday. "That's right," said the old man. "Ninety-nine years old, and I haven't an enemy in the world. They're all dead." "Well, sir," said the interviewer, "I hope very much to have the honour of interviewing you on your hundredth birthday." The old man looked at the young man closely, and said, "I can't see why you shouldn't. You look fit and healthy to me!"
What kind of man would you say the old man was
A. He was ill. B. He was unconscious.
C. He was very proud and sure of his health.
D. He was very polite to young people.
5．如何借助文章结构进行推测
Another way is energy conservation(节能),which means using energy more efficiently (有效的). In some very cold countries people build special houses to save energy. They place materials between the inside and the outside of the walls of the house to keep the cold out and the warmth in. The house is heated by the lights, the body heat of the people and the other equipment in it.
The writer tells about the "special house" because they _________. A. show the excellent skills of the builders
B. serve as an example of energy conservation C. are heated by different sources of energy
D. are warmer than other types of houses
Famous Quotes
Education is not the filling of a pail but the lighting of a fire.
—William Butler Yeats, Irish poet 教育不是注满一桶水，而是点燃一把火。 （爱尔兰诗人 叶芝）
*
Isn’t it a delight to have friends coming from afar
有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。
Thank you for your attention!
天津 王禄荣
*
高效复习 人文备考
高中英语新课程与2012高考备考
主讲教师 王禄荣
研讨内容
一、从高中英语新课程与大纲和新课标卷的对比审视我们的教学现状——因材施教，理性定位
二、新课程背景下的高中英语教学与高考备考
——注重基础，突出语境，强调应用
三、科学有效备课，民主高效教学
★教师形成个性化教学风格
（摒弃追求捷径心里）
★关注学生学习方式的转变
四、展望2012年高考—— 高效教学，人文备考
因材施教 理性定位
一、从高中英语新课程与大纲和新课标卷的对比审视我们的教学现状
2010高考英语新课标版与全国大纲版试卷(1)比较
对比与比较
（满分150分） 听力
（30分） 单项填空
（15分） 完形填空
（30分） 阅读理解
40分（30分同） 短文改错（10分） 书面表达（25分）
大纲版（I卷）
内蒙
河南
广西
山西 同
安徽
江西
福建
江苏
山东
同
同 A、B、C、E篇与新课标卷A、B、、C、D篇同；都是四选一。 内容体例不同
同
新课标版（全国卷）
黑龙江；吉林
海南
宁夏
同
同
同 A、B、C篇同；D篇 与I卷E篇同；第二节七选五 内容体例不同
同
2011高考英语新课标版与全国大纲版试卷(1)比较
对比与比较
（满分150分） 听力
（30分） 单项填空
（15分） 完形填空
（30分） 阅读理解
40分（30分同） 短文改错（10分） 书面表达（25分）
大纲版（I卷）
内蒙
广西
山西 同
安徽
江西
福建
江苏
山东
同
同 A、C、D、E篇与新课标卷A、B、C、D篇同；都是四选一。 内容体例不同
同
新课标版（全国卷）
黑龙江；吉林
海南/宁夏
河南
同
同
同 A、B、C、D篇 与大纲I卷A、C、D、E同；第二节七选五 内容体例不同
同
新课程与课时的矛盾
新课程与高考
模块评价与学分认定
选修课的开设与管理
教师角色转换与课堂控制
学生学习方式的转换
改变人才培养模式，实现学生学习方式的根本变革，使现在的学生成为未来社会具有国际竞争力的公民。
各国课程改革的主要趋势
高考英语命题趋势
凸显新课程理念
*
新课改高考——英语课程标准精神:
以考查学生综合语言运用能力为目标；
笔试应避免单纯语音知识题和单纯语法知识题；增加具有语境的应用型试题的比例；适当减少客观题，增加有助于学生思维表达的主观题；阅读表达，填空，简答题，信息匹配，语法填空，基础写作，读写任务，情景作文，开放作文等等。（各实验区高考英语命题形式）
考试性质
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是合格的高中毕业生和具有同等学力的考生参加的选拔性考试。高等学校根据考生成绩，按已确定的招生计划，德、智、体全面衡量，择优录取。因此，高考应具有较高的信度、效度，适当的难度和必要的区分度。
2011年全国新课标高考考试大纲：英语
考核目标与要求
语言知识
要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附录1-附录5)，要求词汇量为3500左右。(注：各省区可以根据本地实际情况在《考试说明》中对词汇量进行适当调整，但不得低于2000个单词;同时，应制订计划，在一定时间内分期、分批增加至3500个单词。)
语言运用
1.听力
要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能：
(1)理解主旨和要义;
(2)获取具体的、事实性信息;
(3)对所听内容作出推断;
(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。
2.阅读
要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能：
(1)理解主旨和要义;
(2)理解文中具体信息;
(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义;
(4)作出判断和推理;
(5)理解文章的基本结构;
(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
(1)理解主旨和要义（全国1卷B篇）
59.What is the text mainly about
A. A best selling coffee.
B. A special educational program.
C. Government support for schools.
D. A new type of teacher- student relationship.
(2)理解文中具体信息;（全国2卷D篇，均考查细节或具体信息）
55. For two persons spending a night in one of these hotels, they have to pay at least________.
A. $111
B. $182
C. $600
D. $636
(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义
Beijing’s skiing craze is partly a result of the recent increase in private(私有的)cars. This has led to the growth of a leisure industry in the capital’s suburbs(郊区), which until the late-1990s were unreachable to ordinary people. According to Mr. Wei, about 40％of the visitors to his resort come in their own cars. The rest are bused in by schools, businesses or government offices.
（2010全国2卷 C篇）
52. The underlined words “leisure industry” in Paragraph 3
refer to .
A．transport to ski resorts
B．production of family cars
C. business of providing spare time enjoyments
D．part-time work for people living in the suburbs
（2010全国1卷 E篇）
I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time I was on a train. I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar face. I sighed and sat down to read my Economics.
73. Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph
A. choose B. enjoy C. prepare for D. carry on
(4)作出判断和推理（2010全国1卷C篇）
65.What can we infer about primitive birds from the text
A. They had claws to help them climb.
B. They could fly long distances.
C. They had four wings like hoatzins.
D. They had a head with long feathers on the top.
(5)理解文章的基本结构（细节）（2010全国1卷D篇）
68. We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if __________.
A. he has a pet companion
69. According to Allen, why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks
C. They are less nervous.
70. The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that_________.
A. people with dogs did more exercise
(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度（2010全国2卷A篇）
43. Why does the author say that Brownie was more than just a family pet
A. She was treated as a member of the family.
B. She played games with anyone she liked.
C. She was loved by everybody she met.
D. She went everywhere with the family.
2010新课标版试卷 阅读理解
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Q&A
Question: I have recently got a serious position within my company. One of my new tasks is to make monthly progress reports on my department in front of other senior officials. During my first meeting, I presented and then opened the floor to questions. 71 . My first reaction was to answer defensively. Later, I realized that I shouldn’t have felt that way. But how can I keep cool and effectively answer questions in this type of settings
Answer: Congratulations on your new position! Presenting in front of your peers（同事）is a hard task in itself, and it comes much more difficult when a question-and-answer period is required. Question-and-answer periods are a great way to clarify the message and strengthen key points, 72
2010新课标版试卷 阅读理解
● 73
When a person is asking a question, show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.
● Buy time.
When facing a hard question, most people can’t give an answer immediately. Buy time by repeating the question in your own words. 74 . These techniques allow you to quickly organize your thoughts as well as to make sure you will be correctly answering the question.
● Suggest a private meeting.
A one-on-one meeting is a calmer setting than speaking in front of your peers. 75
2010新课标版试卷 阅读理解
A. Show your true interest.
B. Restate the question with respect.
C. Some ideas can be quite concrete.
D. There were many difficult questions.
E. It can also be more effective in exchanging ideas.
F. You may also ask for clarification on the question.
G. Here are some ideas that can help you prepare for your next meeting.
3.写作
要求考生根据题示进行书面表达。考生应能：
(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思;
(2)有效运用所学语言知识。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满份10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线（ ），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
第四部分 第一节：短文改错（2010全国新课标卷）
My friend Nick told me ^ story about his experience back in the US, which was
a
very interested. One day be was having a yard sale and the old man living next door
interesting
come by to help. As the old man looked over the thing on the yard that were to be
came in 或ground
sold, he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees. On the box was a card
balls
say: “25 cents each.” “ You will never sell these for that much.” he told Nick.
saying
Convinced , Nick has brought the price up to 10 cents a piece. Without a moment’s
down
delay, my neighhor picked up the box but announced:”I’ll take them.”
his and
2010年 短文改错 （辽宁卷）
2010浙江卷 短文改错
附录1 语音项目表
附录2 语法项目表
附录3 功能意念项目表
附录4 话题项目表
附录5 词汇表(略)
附录4 话题项目表
1.个人情况(Personal information)
2.家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family, friends and people around)
3.周围的环境(Personal environments)
4.日常活动(Daily routines)
5.学校生活(School life)
6.兴趣与爱好(Interests and hobbies)
7.个人感情(Emotions)
8.人际关系(Interpersonal relationships)
9.计划与愿望(Plans and intentions)
10.节假日活动(Festivals, holidays and celebrations)
11.购物(Shopping)
12.饮食(Food and drink)
13.健康(Health)
14.天气(Weather)
15.文娱与体育(Entertainment and sports)
16.旅游和交通(Travel and transport)
17.语言学习(Language learning)
18.自然(Nature)
19.世界与环境(The world and the environment)
20.科普知识与现代技术(Popular science and modern technology)
21.热点话题(Topical issues)
22.历史与地理(History and geography)
23.社会(Society)
24.文学与艺术(Literature and art)
2010全国1卷和全国新课标卷
假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛（speech contest），希望附近某大学的外籍教师Smith女士来做评委。请参照以下比赛通知给她写一封信。
英语演讲比赛
主题：人与自然
时间：6月15日下午2：00－5：00
地点：501教室
参赛选手：10名学生
联系人：李华（电话44876655）
欢迎大家光临
注意：词数100左右。
One possible version 2010全国1卷和新课标卷
Dear Ms. Smith,
I'm Li Hua, a chairman of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university. I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15. It will start at 2:00 pm in Room 501 and last for about three hours. Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”. We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you. Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions.
I am looking forward to your reply.
With best wishes,
Li Hua
二、新课程背景下的高中英语教学与高考备考
注重基础
突出语境
强调应用
"Will you buy my hair ;' asked Della. "I buy hair," said Madame. "Take off your hat and let's have a look at it." Down flowed the brown cascade. "Twenty dollars," said Madame, lifting the mass with a practised hand.
…
So now Della's long, beautiful hair fell about her shoulders like a cascade of brown waters. It reached below her knee and made itself almost a garment for her.
近三年高考试卷
考点归纳及分析
单项填空
着重考查考生对英语语言知识的记忆、理解、掌握和运用能力。要求考生根据题干所给的语境条件进行分析、对比，灵活地运用各项英语基础知识。考查的主要语言知识有语法知识、词汇知识、习惯用语、交际用语和各种常见表达法等。
单项填空 09--11年英语高考单项填空分类
一、名词
1. China has got a good for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization. （09安徽）
A. reputation B. influence C. impression D. knowledge
2. James took the magazines off the little table to make ______for the television. (10 天津）
A. room B. area C. field D. position
3. Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s ______ . （2011·四川卷）
A. touch B. sight C. reach D. distance
09--11年英语高考单项填空分类
二、冠词
1. In order to find _______ better job, he decided to study _________ second foreign language. （09四川）
A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the
2．If we sit near ______ front of the bus, we’ll have _____ better view. （10 山东）
A.不填; the B. 不填; a C. the; a D. the; the
3. As is know to all, _____ People’s Republic of China is _____ biggest developing country in the world. （2011·陕西卷）
A. the ;不填 B. 不填 ；the C. the ；the D. 不填；不填
09--11年英语高考单项填空分类
三、代词
1. Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ___extra stress. （09北京）
A. it B. them C. one D. him
2. I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldn’t face ________ day like that.
（09山东）
A. other B. another C. the other D. others
3. We feel _____ our duty to make our country a better place. （2011天津卷）
A. it B. this C. that D. one
四、介词
1. （2010北京）Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden They are ______ everyone’s enjoyment.
A. in B. at C. for D. to
2. (2011山东）I’m sorry I didn’t phone you, but I’ve been very busy_______ the past couple of weeks.
A. beyond B. with C. among D. over
3. （2011四川）Nick, it’s good for you to read some books _______China before you start your trip there.
A. in B. for C. of D. on
4. （2011浙江）I always wanted to do the job which I’d been trained ______.
A. on B. for C. by D. of
五、介词及短语辨析
1.（2010浙江）I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just _______.
A. by nature B. in return C. in case D. by chance
2. （2010江苏）So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ______ ideal. We have to work still harder.
A. next to B. far from C. out of D. due to
3. （2010福建）More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities _______ space.
A. in search of B. in place of C. for lack of D. for fear of 4.（2011江苏）We d better discuss everything ________ before we work out the plan. A. in detail B. in general C. on purpose D. on time
5．(2011新课标/全国I卷)The form cannot be signed by anyone _________ yourself.
A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. better than
09--11年英语高考单项填空分类
六、形容词与副词
1. The questionnaire takes ______ ten to fifteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment interview. （09湖北）
A. mainly B. punctually C. approximately D. precisely
2．Drunk driving, which was once a _______ occurrence, is now under control.（10 福建）
A. general B. frequent C. normal D. particular
3. The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _____ the present one。 （2011 陕西卷）
A. as three times big as B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times D. as big three times as
六、形容词与副词
4. (2010辽宁)Jim went to answer the phone._________, Harry started to prepare lunch.
A. However B. Nevertheless C. Besides D. Meanwhile
5. (2011浙江)The professor could tell by the _______ look in Maris's eyes that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture.
A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. fresh
6. (2011江苏)In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russia are ________.
A. special B. regional C. optional D. original
7. (2011浙江) I’ve been writing this report ______ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.
A. finally B. immediately C. occasionally D. certainly
8. (2011浙江)My schedule is very _____ right now, but I’ll try to fit you in.
A. tight B. short C. regular D. flexible
9. （2010新课标/全国I卷） I’ll spend half of my holiday practicing
English and _________ half learning drawing.
A. another B. the other C. other’s D. other
10. （2010湖北）In this lecture, I can only give you a purely view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
A. private B. personal C. unique D. different
11. （2010湖北）If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my ________ reaction will be to tell the police.
A. physical B. immediate C. sensitive D. sudden
12. （2011江西）—The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.
—Why It’s ______ than the films I have ever seen.
A. far more interesting B. much less interesting
C. no more interesting D. any less interesting
13. (2010安徽) ______, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.
A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtful
C. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic
七、动词及动词短语
1. Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything, the teacher will ______ the main points at the end. （09天津）
A. recover B. review C. require D. remember
2．Practisig Chinese kung fu can not only ________ one’s strength, but also develop one’s character. （09浙江）
A. bring up B. take up C. build up D. pull up
3. （2010新课标/全国I卷）The workers ______ the glasses and marked on each box “This Side Up” .
A. carried B. delivered C. pressed D. packed
4. I _______ a bank account after I made﹩1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation. （2011·天津卷）
A. borrowed B. opened C. entered D. ordered
5. （2011山东）They are broadening the bridge to ______the flow of traffic. A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out
6. （2011江苏）—You look upset. What’s the matter — I had my proposal ________ again. A. turned over B. turned on C. turned off D. turned down
7. （2011安徽）As the story______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins B. happens C .ends D. develops
8. （2011江苏） — Are you still mad at her — Not really, but I can t________ that her remarks hurt me. A. deny B. refuse C. reject D. decline
9. （2011新课标/全国I卷）William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to________.
A. disappear B. fall C. fail D. damage
10. (2011浙江)He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______ at a hotel for the night.
A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up
11．（2011新课标/全国I卷）I can the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with B. put up with C. turn to D. stick to
09--11年英语高考单项填空分类
八、非谓语动词
1. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____all four people on board. （09上海）
A. killed B. killing C. kills D. to kill
2. His first book _____ next month is based on a true story.（10陕西）
A. published B. to be published
C. to publish D. being published
3. Passengers are permitted _______ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. （2011·天津卷）
A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried
4．The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.（2011全国课标卷27）
A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen
九、动词时态
1. Planning so far ahead no sense—so many things will have changed by next year. （2011全国课标卷 23）
A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made
2. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he polite.
（2011课标卷24）
A. was just being B. will just be
C. had just been D. would just be
3. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ______ there.
（2011全国课标卷29）
A. had been lying B. has been lying
C. was lying D. has lain
十、状语从句
1. You can’t borrow books from the school library ______ you get your student card. （09上海）
A. before B. if C. while D. as
2. _______ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. （09江苏）
A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until
3. _______regular exercise is very important. It’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. （2011·天津卷）
A. It B. As C. Although D. Unless
4. Try she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.（2011全国课标卷22）
A. if B. when C. since D. as
十一、情态动词
1．They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.（2011全国课标卷32）
A. will B. can C. must D. should
2. If you smoke, please go outside. （2011全国II卷8）
A. can B. should C. must D. may
十二、定语从句
1. It’s helpful to put children in a situation _______ they can see themselves differently. （09福建）
A. that B. when C. which D. where
2．I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _______name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. （09湖南）
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
3. The days are gone _______ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. （2011天津卷）
A. when B. that C. where D. which
4. The prize will go to the writer________ story shows the most imagination.（2011全国新课标卷31）
A. that B. which C. whose D. what
十三、名词性从句
1. a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project. （09安徽）
A. It has B. They have C. It remains D. There remains
2．She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do ______ it takes to save her life. （09湖南）
A. Whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever
3. Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases. （2011·天津卷）
A. what B. which C. that D. where
09--11年英语高考单项填空分类
十四、情景交际
1. — Could you be so kind as to close the window
— . （09安徽）
A. With pleasure B. Go ahead C. Yes, please D. That's OK
2. —Thank you for your MP4 player. I’ll get Mary to take it to you soon.
—___________. I’ve bought a new one. （09江西）
A. No sense B. No hurry C. No way D. No use
3. —We can give you a ride into town.
— _________Thank you. （2011·陕西卷）
A. Yes, why not B. Oh, it would be my pleasure.
C. Yes, please. D. Oh, that would be great.
十四、情景交际
4. —We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party.
—Yes, I’ll give them a call right now.
（2011全国课标卷21）
A. why not B. What for C. why D. what
5. —Someone wants you on the phone.
— nobody knows I am here. （2011全国课标卷25）
A. Although B. And C. But D. So 6. —Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.
—Well, you married one. . （2011全国课标卷35）
A. You name it B. I’ve got it
C. I can’t agree more D. You should know
词汇教学的重任
Wilkins(1972)指出：“没有语法不能很好地表达，而没有词汇则什么也不能表达。”
Without grammar little can be conveyed; without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.
我国20世纪30-90年代中学英语词汇量设置
时间 中学词汇量
1936年 8000
1941年 7000
1948年 6000
1951年 5000
1963年 3500-4000
1978年 2800
1996年 1800-2300（创历史新低）
20世纪末世界部分国家中学英语词汇量设置
国 家 中学词汇量
俄罗斯 9000
西班牙 6000
日本 5000
南朝鲜 5000
中国（旧大纲） 1800-2300
高中课程标准词汇总量 3600-4100
2009全国II卷
What I need is a book that contains the ABC of oil painting.
A to Z
Mr. Smith knows the subject from A to Z.
A friend is A to Z.
*
2010湖南卷 Section C (12 marks)
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
Parents are busy people. If they are working, they are usually not at home 48 their children return from school. Sometimes it is necessary for a parent to write 49 after-school note for their children. They sometimes put the note on the kitchen table, the refrigerator, 50 another place where their children are sure to find it. A note is often a 51 way to "talk" with a child than using the telephone. For one thing, parents have time to think about 52 they want to say before they write. 53 another, the note lists all the information in one place. It is easy to read again and again People often forget all the details that 54 hear in a telephone call. Finally, cell phones can be turned 55 or telephone calls not answered. For these reasons, after-school notes are very popular with parents.
07-11广东卷用“语法填空”取代了“单项填空”
（2008）第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31～40的相应位置上。
Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. 31 these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow”, is based on the following story.
It is said that a short—tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help 33 rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 34 day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.
One day, he came up with an idea 35 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day.
He was very tired 36 doing this for a whole day, 37 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 38 (high).
His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither.
This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 39 (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often 40 (result) in the contrary to our intention.
31. Behind / In 32. to help 33. his 34. this / it 35. that
36. after / from 37. but / yet 38. higher 39. natural 40. results
*
2011新课标C篇/全国I卷D篇
Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband’s income. So this year she did something more than a hobby: She planted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The family’s old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month.
64. What does the word “residents” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to
A. chickens B. tomatoes C. gardens D. people
2011安徽卷E篇
George Prochnik would like the world to put a
sock in it. He makes his case in a new book,
listening for Meaning in a World of Noise, Here
he explains himself (using his indoor voice):
72. What does the phrase “to put a sock in it” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. to be quiet B. to be colorful
C. to be full of love D. to be attentive to someone
（2011北京卷C篇）
The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas . I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the course the material and the class discussion .
64.The underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means ______.
A. explore B. accept C. change D. reject
（2011全国I卷B篇）
By the end of the seventeenth century, when newspapers were beginning to be read by more people, printed materials became an important way to promote products and services .The London Gazette was the first newspaper to set aside a place just for advertising. This was so successful that by the end of the century several companies started businesses for the purpose of making newspaper ads for merchants.
61. What does the word “This” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Advertising in newspapers. B. Including pictures in ads.
C. Selling goods in markets. D. Working with ad agencies.
（2011福建卷A篇）
Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain. Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice. To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.
57. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “________”.
A. alcohol B. absorption C. blood D. process
（2011广东卷B篇）
Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.
31. The underlined word swimmingly in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. early B. sweetly C. quickly D. smoothly
（2011湖南卷C篇）
The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.
67. The underlined word “divergence” in Paragraph 4 means “________.”
A. evolution B. exhibition
C. separation D. examination
(2011江西卷C篇)
The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850 – 1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed "the Garden City", almost certainly the source of Howard's name for his later building plan of towns． Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs
67．The underlined phrase "drawing on "in Paragraph 1 probably means______．
A．making use of B．making comments on
C．giving an explanation of D．giving a description of
（2011辽宁卷D篇）
The Coalition for the Homeless is an organization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States. It is a network of offices, some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population. and some of which fight for the passing of laws that would give every American the right to a place to call home.
67. The word “address” in the first line probably means________.
A. talk about B. deal with
C. fight for D. write to
（2011陕西卷D篇）
Something else, however, has been on the rise, While GM seeds are expensive, GM companies tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides（杀虫剂）. On the contrary, US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops. “The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. But neither is true,” said Bill Christison, President of the US National Farm Coalition.
58. What does the underlined word “boost ” in the third paragraph probably mean
A. Control. B. Evaluate. C. Obtain. D. Increase.
（2011四川卷A篇）
So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5:00 a.m. What gives me the reason to just say to ice cream Commitment. A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety, increases self –confidence and energy, extends life and above all improves my body shape. This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right. It’s through commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and out.
43.What does the underlined word “commitment” in the last paragraph mean
A. Good health B. Firm belief
C. A strong power D. A regular habit
（2011四川卷C篇）
As digital media（媒介）is important to its idea, the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies. 49.The underline part “its idea” in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of________.
A. the equipment B. the project
C. the digital media D. the physical library
（2011四川卷E篇）
In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines ,averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-years period.
57 . What does the underlined part “gain an edge ” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Increase the speed. B. Get an advantage.
C. Reach the limit. D. Set a goal
（2011四川卷E篇）
2
How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better They thought differently about what “slower “and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly ) and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example , may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference . But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.
58. The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ___________.
A. spending more time and performing worse.
B. spending more time and performing better
C. spending less time and performing worse
D. spending less time and performing better
（2011天津卷C篇）
Ultimately, as Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process, or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.
49. The underlined words “shared a word” in Paragraph 5 probably mean______.
A. exchanged ideas with each other
B. discussed the meaning of a word
C. gamed life experience
D. used the same language
（2011浙江卷A篇）
Ceely's near miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS device(导航仪). She had never driven the route before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS. But it made no mention of the crossing. "I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train," she told the BBC.
42. The phrase “near miss” (paragraph 2 ) can best be
replaced by _________.
A. close bit B. heavy loss
C. narrow escape D. big mistake
（2011浙江卷C篇）
New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Internet. For example, many companies now have to invest (投资) a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone rage”— caused by delays in answering calls, being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.
51. The writer mentions “phone rage” (Paragraph 3) to show that .
A. customers often use phones to express their anger
B. people still prefer to buy goods online
C. customer care becomes more attention
D. customers rely on their phones to obtain services
（2011重庆卷A篇）
There was a gardener who looked after his garden with great care. To water his flowers, he used two buckets .One was a shiny and new bucket. The other was a very old and dilapidated one, which had seen many years of service, but was now past its best.
56. What does the underlined word “ dilapidated” probably mean
A. Dirty B. Dark C. Worn-out D. Plain-looking.
（2011上海卷A篇）
My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her. 66. What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to
A. A book of great fun. B. A writer of high fame.
C. A serious masterpiece. D. A heartbreaking play.
（2011全国II卷）
So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don't just mean the words people speak. It is body language, dress, manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures（文化）．
53．The word "highlights" in Paragraph 2 probably means_____.
A. encourages B. helps to narrow
C. increases D. draws attention to
(2011全国II卷Ｅ篇)
It was four days after that life changing moment for the seventeen-year-old high school student from Destrehan, Louisiana----she was still on cloud nine．
56. What do the words “on cloud nine” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. frightened B. troubled
C. very happy D. very angry
五种基本句型
1、主语 + 系动词 + 表语
2、主语 + 不及物动词
3、主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
4、主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语
+ 直接宾语
5、主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
+ 宾语补足语
主语 + 系动词 + 表语
1. Jack is a good boy.
2. The park looks beautiful in spring.
3. His leg got hurt just now.
4. The speech is very exciting.
5. His hobby is playing football.
6. He is against our plan.
7. The truth is that he has never been
abroad.
主语 + 不及物动词
1. My grandma is sleeping now.
2. I will stay in Shanghai for a week.
3. Jack is leaving for New York.
4. It rained hard last night.
5. Lucy arrived in Beijing
yesterday.
6. We have lived here for ten years.
主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
1. My sister is writing a letter at this
moment.
2. We should learn from him.
3. Jack enjoys collecting stamps.
4. Our teacher promised to see the
movie with us.
5. I don’t know which school he is in.
主语 + 及物动词 +
间接宾语 + 直接宾语
1. His father bought him a computer.
2. I sent a birthday gift to her
yesterday.
3. My mother taught me how to
do it.
4. She asked Lucy whose pen it was.
主语 + 及物动词 +
宾语 + 宾语补足语
1. We must keep the classroom clean.
2. They consider Jack a brave boy.
3. Let the fresh air in.
4. What he said made me very angry.
4. Lucy will make herself known.
5. I saw the little girl dancing.
句子种类
简单句(Simple Sentences)
并列句(Compound Sentences)
复合句(Complex Sentences)
Simple Sentences
1. He can speak German.
2. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country
music.
3. We sang and danced yesterday
evening.
4. My brother and I go to school at 7:00 in the morning and come back home at 4:00 in the afternoon.
Compound Sentences
1. Work hard, and you will make
progress.
2. I was tired, but I felt happy.
3. It was cold outside, so we stayed at
home.
4. Hurry up, or you’ll be late for class.
Complex Sentences
1. It began to rain when we got home.
2. Jack didn’t go to school because he
caught a cold.
3. All of us know that we must study
hard.
4. When we are leaving has not been decided yet.
5. The lady whom you talked to is our
teacher.
Practice
Join each pair of sentences
into one sentence.
e.g. Tom often arrives late.
His boss gets angry.
Tom often arrives late, so his boss gets angry.
Because Tom often arrives late, his boss gets angry.
A passage without connectors
I had a bad cold last week. I had a running nose. I did not take it seriously. I began to cough. I had a fever and felt weak. I was sent to hospital and had to lie in bed for three days.
(可以运用手头课本进行练习）
A passage with connectors
I had a bad cold last week. At first, I had a running nose, but I did not take it seriously. Then I began to cough. After that, I had a fever and felt weak. Finally, I was sent to hospital and had to lie in bed for three days.
三、科学有效备课 民主高效教学
开展校本教研
教师形成个性化教学风格
促进学生学习方式的转变
1. 科学有效备课
When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers.
三人行，必有我师。
对备课的认识：
苏霍姆林斯基在《给教师的一百条建议中》提到一位老师对于备课的认识：“一般地，每堂课我都准备了一辈子…….”
科学处理和整合教材
什么是教材处理？简言之，教材处理就是“教什么”，“选什么教”，“教什么最好”。所以教材处理的艺术就是科学地、动态、机智地组织教学内容的艺术，就是提炼和组合的教学艺术（余映潮2009）。
在尊重教材的基础上，巧妙、科学地加工运用教材，适当地拓展教材，多角度挖掘教材的潜在价值，优化教材内容。（陈秀芳2009）
选修9 Module One
Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion
P 162-163 考纲词汇5个 bite, bitter, confirmed, impressed, subjective
课本词表给出词汇
62个 与考纲有关的词汇9个 charming, complexion, desperation, impatiently, insensitive, likeable, respectable, submission, superior
选修9 Module Two
DNA – the Secret of Life
P 163 考纲词汇8个 approve, bare, consequence, dawn, fancy, issue, oppose, question
课本词表给出词汇
43个 与考纲有关的6个词汇 alter, evolve，insure, regulatory,resistance, resistant
选修9 Module Three
The Qin Tomb and the Terracotta Warriors
P 163-165 考纲词汇12个 authority battle construct declare entrance expression feature invade scholar section treasure uniform wonder
课本词表给出词汇
73个 与考纲有关的10个词汇 centralized collapse column construct express magnificent reproduction rival underground unsurprisingly
选修9 Module Four
Languages of the World
P 165 考纲词汇15个 delight digest diverse document enthusiastic establish expand file generation origin root scholar swallow trend virus
课本词表给出词汇
44个 与考纲有关的8个词汇 argument ceremonial definition endangered furthermore infect outlook overtake
选修9 Module Five The First Americans
P 166-167 考纲
词汇
6个 atmosphere, chief, consist of, credit , in particular, recover
课本词表给出词汇
70个 与考纲有关的词汇
19个 acquaint, Christianity, dependent, fearless, immigrant, in turn, invader ,lead to, livestock, make peace (with sb), needless to say, primarily, profitable, removal, reservation, set foot on, starvation, tension, transcontinental
选修9 Module Six
Why Do We Need Dictionaries
P 167-168 考纲
词汇
9个 contract, assist, sort, fault, slip, entry, abstract, relevant, alternative
课本词表给出词汇
70个 与考纲有关的词汇
21个 accessibility，arguable，broadband, complexity, computerise, coachman, comprehensive, criminally, enlarge, electronic, embarrassment, forbidding, make sb’s acquaintance, massive, mercenary, momentary, motive, multimedia, organically, publication, see the light of day
选修9 Module one
Complete the following sentences with the words given, using proper forms when necessary.
1. She seemed ____________ enough when he said he wanted to help.
2. She felt ____________ about leaving the children with them when they were on holiday.
3. We tried to discuss the matter calmly and ___________ even though we don’t always agreed with each other.
4. Fletcher’s fitness and ___________ technique brought him victory.
5. We couldn’t leave the harbor until the storm _______.
superior, uneasy, moderate, reasonably, sincere, impressed, bite, morality, charming, irritation
强化高中英语教师在集体备课中的六种意识
（一）责任意识。
（二）忧患意识。
（三）合作意识。
（四）整体意识。
（五）超前意识。
（六）反思意识。
备课当中做到有效设计很关键
学生有无进步或发展
是教学有没有效益的唯一标准。
2. 以学生的发展为本，
关注学生学习方式的转变
教什么和怎么教，决不是凌空可以规定的，他们都包含
“人”的问题，人不同，则教的东西、教的方法、教的分量、教的次序都跟着不同了。
——陶行知
学习方式又称学习风格，是人
们在学习时所具有或偏爱的方式 。
学习方式是学习者持续一贯表
现出来的学习策略和学习倾向的总和。
学习方式与学习方法
3. 领会新课程的实质，改进教师的教学方式
教师工作的最终目的，无非是培养学生具有各种良好的习惯。
教师工作者的全部工作就是为人师表。
教师并非教书，而是教育学生。 ——叶圣陶
教师的心态要转变——从“牵”着学生走到学生自主学习，有一个适应过程；教师教学的重点在于学生的需要而不是自己的需要，以学论教；重新诠释“权威”。
教师的行为要转变——多听、多问、少告诉；平等交流；妙用激励与批评。
教师的素质要提高——教师的专业发展与校本教研的实践形式（教学型教研、研究型教研和学习型教研） 。
多元智能 -- Multiple Intelligences
多元智能理论是由美国哈佛大学教育研究院的心理发展学家加德纳(Howard Gardner)在1983年提出。加德纳从研究脑部受创伤的病人发觉到他们在学习能力上的差异，从而提出本理论。
根据加德纳的理论，学校在发展学生各方面智能的同时，必须留意每一个学生只会在某一、两方面的智能特别突出；而当学生未能在其他方面追上进度时，不要让学生因此而受到责罚。
1.语文 (Verbal/Linguistic)
2.逻辑 (Logical/Mathematical)
3.空间 (Visual/Spatial)
4.肢体运作 (Bodily/Kinesthetic)
5.音乐 (Musical/Rhythmic)
6.人际 (Inter-personal/Social)
7.内省 （Intra-personal/Introspective)
8.自然探索 (Naturalist，加德纳在1995年补充)
另外，有其它学者从内省智能分拆出“灵性智能”(spiritual intelligence)。
《心智的架构》(Frames of Mind, Howard Gardner, 1983)这本书里提出，人类的智能至少可以分成七个范畴(后来增加至八个)
加德勒的多元智力理论
多元智能理论有助老师从学生的智能分布去更了解学生：
1.可以利用多元智能理论来发掘资优学生，并进而为他们提供合适的发展机会，使他们茁壮成长；
2.可以利用多元智能理论来扶助有问题的学生，并采取对他们更合适的方法去学习。香港现时有几家中学，允许部分语文能力较低的学生利用录像来交功课。
四、展望2012年
高效教学 人文备考
Still water runs deep.
关注全国新课标卷和目前的大纲1卷
参照海南、宁夏、河南、黑龙江等省的操作办法
养成习惯，换个说法，就是教育。
教育是什么？往简单方面说，只须一句话， 就是养成良好的习惯。
——叶圣陶
孔子教育思想对世界的伟大贡献
有教无类
因材施教
诲人不倦
孔子的教育思想
教育指导方针：“有教无类”
教育基本方法：“因材施教”
教育基本内容：“诗、书、礼 、
乐、易、春秋”
（教育培养对象：“学而优则仕”）？
子曰：
“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”
“学而不思则罔，思而不学则怠。”
“知之者不如好之者，
好之者不如乐知者。”
“默而识之，学而不厌，
诲人不倦，何有与我哉？”
吕叔湘 先生
叶圣陶 先生
叶圣陶先生指出：最近吕叔湘先生说 了个比喻，他说，教育的性质类似农业， 而绝对不像工业。工业是把原料按照规定 的工序，制造成为符合设计的产品。农业可不是这样。农业是把种子种到地里，给它充分合适的条件，如水、阳光、空气、肥料等，让他自
己发芽生长，自己开花结果来满足人们的需
要。吕先生这个比喻说得好极了，办教育的
确跟种庄稼相仿。……最主要的就是给受教
育者提供充分的合适条件。
— 摘自叶圣陶《教育与人生》
教育的性质是 “农业”
反思：
“诲人不倦”与
“毁人不倦”
阅读教学是高中英语教学的重中之中（读写结合）
题型只是有微调，“完形填空”和“阅读理解”仍是试卷的重中之重。要注意：
1、对不同文体、不同题材的文章的基本特征如篇章结构、行文方法等加以研究；
2、有意识地训练自己对文章的主旨、作者写作意图等方面的宏观思维能力；
●英语作为一门语言，到高考之前都应该保持源源不断的输入。
3、注意对长句等复杂语言结构的解析（课本中的难长句处理）；
4、考生应该适当注意完形填空及阅读理解训练，适当注意一些交际英语的用法；
5、在泛读中扩大词汇量，培养根据上下文推断词义的能力。
To study and not think is a waste. To think and not study is dangerous.
学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
●要做题，更要“悟题”
第一轮复习过后，考生很容易陷入题海中任意沉浮、迷失方向。有必要提醒大家，做题不在多，贵在“悟”。要有意识地“参悟”试卷的命题规律，包括整体风格、选材特征、各大题型的考点（知识点和能力点），从而归纳解题思路和技巧。可以选择历年高考真题专项训练和总结。对自己的考试卷则要充分分析得失，做到知己知彼。
如何做好高考阅读理解推理判断题 （一）简单推理
When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years from now, how could they even begin to picture modern life Yet to men of 50,000 years from now, we may seem as primitive (原始的) in our ideas as the Stone-Age hunters do to us. Perhaps they will spend their days golllocing to make new spunders, or struggling with their ballalators through the cribe. These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can't think of.
1. The text discusses men and women 50,000 years ago and 50,000 years from now in order to show that________. A. human history is extremely long
B. life has not changed a great deal C. it is useless to plan for the next 50,000 years D. it is difficult to tell what will happen in the future
（二）复杂推理
1. 如何推测作者的写作目的和意图推测作者写作目的
A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa, a nearby village. They lived with the man's big family-his parents, his brothers, their wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the young woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar. Three months later the woman went back to her parents' home, having quarrelled with her husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat or work. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house. It went to the woman's home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal that she returned to her husband's home.
The writer wrote the story in order to________. A. show that elephants are very clever B. tell how a woman trained a wild animal C. show that women care more for animals than men do D. tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife
2. 如何推测文章的观点或结论
Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine Do you know what is meant by "Take only as directed " Read the following directions and see if you understand them. "To reduce pain, take two tablets(药片) with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief (缓解疼痛) take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours. For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount (量). For children under six years old, ask your doctor's advice. Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.“
It can be inferred from the directions that this medicine________.
A. helps you to fall asleep quickly B. may be dangerous to small children
C. cannot be taken if one feels sleepy D. shouldn't be taken by children under six
3. 如何推断文章的出处
This text is most probably taken from a________.
A. textbook
B. newsreel
C. doctor's notebook
D. bottle of medicine
4．如何推断人物性格
A well-known old man was being interviewed and was asked if it was correct that he had just celebrated his ninety-ninth birthday. "That's right," said the old man. "Ninety-nine years old, and I haven't an enemy in the world. They're all dead." "Well, sir," said the interviewer, "I hope very much to have the honour of interviewing you on your hundredth birthday." The old man looked at the young man closely, and said, "I can't see why you shouldn't. You look fit and healthy to me!"
What kind of man would you say the old man was
A. He was ill. B. He was unconscious.
C. He was very proud and sure of his health.
D. He was very polite to young people.
5．如何借助文章结构进行推测
Another way is energy conservation(节能),which means using energy more efficiently (有效的). In some very cold countries people build special houses to save energy. They place materials between the inside and the outside of the walls of the house to keep the cold out and the warmth in. The house is heated by the lights, the body heat of the people and the other equipment in it.
The writer tells about the "special house" because they _________. A. show the excellent skills of the builders
B. serve as an example of energy conservation C. are heated by different sources of energy
D. are warmer than other types of houses
Famous Quotes
Education is not the filling of a pail but the lighting of a fire.
—William Butler Yeats, Irish poet 教育不是注满一桶水，而是点燃一把火。 （爱尔兰诗人 叶芝）
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Isn’t it a delight to have friends coming from afar
有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。
Thank you for your attention!
天津 王禄荣
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