授课类型
T
词汇回顾及短语速记
C
7BU10查缺补漏
T
阅读能力提升
教学内容
Unit
10
◆
词汇回顾:
英文词性中文补充拓展icedadj.冰镇的;
加冰块的ice
n.
冰punchn.潘趣酒;
宾治酒formn.
v.形态;
形式
形成;
养成formal
adj.
正式的
informal
adj.
非正式的freezev.
(使)冻结;
结冰frozen
adj.
冰冻的；冷冻的
freezing
adj.
极冷的；严寒的
lidn.(容器的)盖;
盖子secondn.
序数词秒
第二hour
n.
小时
minute
n.
分钟strawn.吸管strawberry
adj.
草莓toothpickn.牙签toothbrush
n.
牙刷
toothpaste
n.
牙膏holen.洞;
孔;
坑siden.边connectv.(使)连接connection
n.
联系;
连接allowv.允许;
准许safetyn.安全safe
adj.
安全的
safely
adv.
安全地
save
v.
挽救；节省
【反义词】
danger
n.
危险
ice
cuben.小冰块
短语速记：
英文中文different
kinds
of不同种类的add
to添加pour
into倒入wait
for等待at
the
bottom
of在....底部discuss
with与......讨论stay
with
sb.与......待在一起play
with与......玩耍cool
down变凉;
冷却下来turn
into转变成;
将......变成think
about思考;
考虑
词汇积累与练习
I.
词汇整理
词汇Words
1.
iced
adj.
冰冻的
例句：Would
you
like
some
iced
black
tea?
【扩展】ice
n.
2.
form
n.
形态；形式
It
is
in
the
form
of
a
crescent.
它是新月形的。
After
six
months'
training,
the
whole
team
is
in
great
form.
经过六个月的训练；全队进入极佳的竞技状态。
【拓展】
form
v.
形成，构成
He
forms
the
habit
of
getting
up
early.
他养成了早起的习惯。
The
boys
formed
a
line.
男孩们排成了一行。
3.
freeze
v.（使）冻结，结冰(froze,
frozen)
It
froze
hard
last
night.
昨夜有严重冰冻。
Water
freezes
at
0℃.
0℃时水会结冰。
【拓展】frozen
adj.
冰冻的；冷冻的
These
frozen
foods
are
the
most
convenient
of
all.
这些冷冻食品最为方便。
freezing
adj.
极冷的；严寒的：
It's
very
cold
today;
the
temperature
has
dropped
to
the
freezing
point.今天很冷，温度降到了冰点。
4.
lid
n.（容器的）盖；盖子
He
banged
the
lid
down.
砰的一声，他把盖子盖上了。
She
lifted
the
lid
of
the
pot
to
add
some
salt.
她掀起锅盖加了点儿盐。
5.
second
n.
秒
She
can
run
100
metres
in
just
over
11
seconds.
她跑完100米只需11秒多一点点。
【拓展】
second作名词表示“秒”时，常见用法如下：
(1)for
several
seconds一连几秒钟：For
several
seconds,
he
did
not
reply.
一连几秒钟，他都没有回答。
(2)every...
seconds每……秒钟：The
light
flashes
every
5
seconds.
灯光每5秒钟闪烁一次。
(3)
per
second每秒：The
water
flows
at
about
1.5
metres
per
second.
水的流速约为每秒1.5米。
second
num.
第二的；第二次的
adv.第二；其次
6.
straw.
n
稻草，吸管
例句：Children
enjoy
drinking
juice
through
a
straw.
7.
toothpick
n.
牙签
例句：I
had
to
use
a
toothpick
to
remove
the
food
that
was
stuck
between
the
teeth.
8.
hole.
n.
洞，孔
例句：There
is
a
hole
in
my
sock.
9.
side
n.
面，边
例句：Everything
has
its
two
sides.
10.
connect
v.（使）连接
Will
you
connect
this
wire
to
the
television?
你把这根电线和电视机连上好吗？
【拓展】
connection
n.
连接；结合：
The
connection
of
our
telephones
took
several
hours.
我们用了好几个小时才接通了电话。
11.
allow
v.允许；准许
She
allowed
us
to
watch
TV
for
a
while.
她允许我们看一会儿电视。
Their
teacher
allowed
them
three
days
for
the
assignment.
老师给他们三天时间完成作业。
Swimming
is
not
allowed
at
this
beach.
这片海滩禁止游泳。(相当于You
mustn't
swim
at
this
beach.)
12.
safety
n.
安全
The
police
are
concerned
for
the
safety
of
the
12-year-old
boy
who
has
been
missing
for
three
day.
那个12岁的男孩失踪3天了，警察对他的安全感到担忧。
【拓展】
safe
adj.
安全的
safely
adv.安全地
save
v.挽救；节省
【反义词】
danger
n.
危险
批注：在讲解词汇和短语时可以采用挖空的形式。同时给学生例句，引导其思考该单词还存在哪些常见派生词。
Ⅱ.
Daily
expressions.
日常表达
1.
ice
cube
n.
小冰块
Please
bring
me
some
ice
cubes
and
water.
请给我带一些冰块和水，
【拓展】
cube是名词，意为“立方体；正六面体”，也可表示“立方；三次幂”的意思。
A
square
has
four
corners;
a
cube
has
eight.
正方形有四个角；立方体有八个角。
The
cube
of
2
is
8.
二的三次幂是八。
2.
think
about意为“思考；考虑”。
Now
we
should
think
about
buying
a
new
house.
现在我们应该想一想买新房的事了。
3.
cool
down意为“变凉；冷却下来”。
We
cooled
down
with
a
swim
in
the
lake.
在湖里游泳后，我们感到凉快了。
Drink
plenty
of
cold
water
to
cool
yourself
down.
多喝点凉水，凉快凉快。
【拓展】
cool
down还有“冷静；平静”的意思。
I
won’t
talk
to
you
until
you
cool
down
first.
我等你先冷静下来才会跟你谈。
It
took
her
a
long
time
to
cool
down
after
the
argument.
争论过后好久，她才得以平静下来。
4.
turn
into意为“转变成”。
Caterpillars
turn
into
butterflies.
毛毛虫可以变成蝴蝶。
A
small
campfire
may
turn
into
a
terrible
forest
fire.
小小的营火可能会变成一场可怕的森林火灾。
5.
play
with是‘‘玩耍’’的意思，后接玩耍的对象。
Does
it
make
sense
to
let
children
play
with
matches?
让小孩玩火柴有道理吗？
The
little
boy
did
not
dare
to
play
with
dogs.
这个小男孩不敢和狗玩。
【随堂小练】
I.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
words
in
their
proper
forms.
1.
of
all,
pour
the
water
into
the
cup.
(one)
2.
fruit
punch
is
great
in
summer.
(ice)
3.
I
can
clean
the
room
by
.
(I)
This
morning
I
found
a
card
the
door
of
my
flat.
(
out)
I'm
sure
our
Water
Festival
will
be
very
.
(interest)
We
can
see
this
sign
in
a
pool.
(
swim)
We
can
use
lemonade
to
make
kinds
of
fruit
juice.
(difference)
Please
put
the
into
the
glass
and
drink
it.
(lemon)
9.
,
they
arrive
at
the
airport
on
time.
(final)
10.
The
for
the
Water
Festival
lasts
for
three
days.
(prepare)
II.
Choose
the
right
word
to
complete
the
sentence.
1.
is
one
of
the
three
forms
of
water.
(Iced/Ice)
2.
To
make
a
chocolate
cake,
we
need
a
packet
of
power,
some
flour,
some
sugar
and
some
chocolate.
(icing/iced)
3.
My
parents
are
a
trip
to
Xiamen.
(preparing/preparing
for)
4.
Please
add
the
ice
cubes
the
lemonade.
(into/to)
5.
do
you
make
the
noodles
well?
(What/How)
【keys】
I
.
1.
First
2.
Iced
3.
myself
4.
outside
5.
interesting
6.
swimming
7.
different
8.
lemonade
9.
Finally
10.
preparation
Ⅱ.
1.Ice
2.
icing
3.
preparing
for
4.
to
5.
How
III.
Important
Sentences
structures.
1.
Next,
make
ice
cubes
out
of
the
different
kinds
of
fruit
juice.
接着，把不同的果汁做成冰块。
make…out
of意为‘‘用……来制作……”。
Many
things
are
made
out
of
bamboo.
很多东西是由竹子制作的。
Some
children
make
lanterns
out
of
pumpkins
at
Halloween.
万圣节时，一些孩子用南瓜做灯笼。
different
kinds
of意为“不同种类的”。
She
offered
us
five
different
kinds
of
cakes.
她给我们提供了五种不同的蛋糕。
2.
Then
pour
the
lemonade
into
a
glass.
然后，把柠檬水倒入一个玻璃杯中。
pour…into…
意为“将……倒人……中”。
I've
poured
coffee
into
your
cup
by
mistake.
我错把咖啡倒在你的杯子里了。
3.
Finally,
add
the
ice
cubes
to
the
lemonade.
最后，把冰块加入柠檬水中。
add…to…意为“将……加入……中”。
Many
words
have
been
added
to
this
edition
of
the
dictionary.
这本词典的这一版新增了很多词。
4.
The
iced
fruit
punch
is
ready.
冰镇水果宾治就做好了。
ready为形容词，意为“准备好的”。ready有如下用法：
(1)
be
ready表示“准备好了”。
Dinner
is
ready.
晚饭准备好了。
Are
you
ready?
你（们）准备好了吗？
(2)
be
ready
for…=get
ready
for…=prepare
for…意为“为....做准备”。
They
are
getting
ready
for
the
exam.
他们正在为考试做准备。
(3)
be
ready
to
do
something=get
ready
to
do
something意为“准备做某事；乐意做某事”。
Are
you
getting
ready
to
run?你们准备好跑步了吗？
Lei
Feng
was
always
ready
to
help
others.
雷锋总是乐于助人。
5.
I've
got
some
questions
for
you
to
think
about.
我有一些问题要让你们思考。
get
something
for
somebody是“为……准备好……”的意思，不能改写为get
somebody
something的形式。
Have
you
got
invitations
for
all
the
guests?
你为所有的客人都准备好请帖了吗？
get
something
for
somebody意为“为……买……’’时，相当于：get
somebody
something。
Let
me
get
you
a
new
pair
of
jeans!
=Let
me
get
a
new
pair
of
jeans
for
you.
让我给你买条新牛仔裤吧！
6.
Look
at
the
outside
of
the
glass.
看看玻璃杯的外面。
本例中的outside是名词，意为“外头；外部；外面；外侧；外表”，其反义词为inside(意为“内侧；内道；内部；里面”)。the
outside
of意为“……的外部；……的表面”。
The
outside
of
the
house
is
painted
white.
房子外部漆成白色了。
7.
Make
a
hole
at
the
bottom
of
the
paper
cup
and
on
one
side
of
the
lunch
box
lid.
在纸杯的底部和快餐盒盖子的一边各戳一个小洞。
at
the
bottom
of意为“在……的底部：在……尽头”。
The
fisherman
found
a
jar
at
the
bottom
of
the
lake.
这个渔夫在湖底发现了一个罐子。
其反义词组为on
top
of(在……顶端)。
There's
a
pub
at
the
bottom
of
the
road.
路的尽头有一家酒馆。
on
one
side
of意为“在……一面；在……的一边”。
Write
on
one
side
of
the
paper
only.
只在纸的一面写字。
On
one
side
of
the
window
was
a
mirror,
and
on
the
other
was
a
painting.
窗户的一边是一面镜子，另一边挂着一幅画。
8.
Connect
the
holes
in
the
lid
and
the
cup
with
the
straw.
用吸管将盖子和纸杯的小洞连起来。
connect…with...是“用……将……连起来”的意思。
They
connected
the
two
cars
together
with
a
chain.
他们用一根链子将两辆车连了起来。
connect…with还有“把……联系起来”的意思。
There
was
nothing
to
connect
him
with
the
crime.
他与那起犯罪毫无关联。
9.
Fishing
is
not
allowed.
禁止钓鱼。
fish在这里是动词，意为“钓鱼”。由于fish在这里作主语，而主语一般由名词或代词充当，因此，须使用动名词（即动词ing形式）。
Running
is
my
favourite
sport.
跑步是我最喜欢的运动。
Learning
English
becomes
more
and
more
important
in
our
daily
life.
在我们的日常生活中，学习英语变得越来越重要。
be
allowed意为“被允许”，是被动语态结构。很多规则可以用be(
not)
allowed的结构来表达。
Ball
games
are
not
allowed
here.
此处不允许进行球类游戏。
Cycling
is
allowed
here.
此处可以骑车。
要表达“被允许做某事”或“不允许做某事”的意思，则使用be(not)allowed
to
do
something的结构。
You
are
allowed
to
cycle
here.
你可以在此处骑车。
You
are
not
allowed
to
park
here.
你不可以在此处停车。
【随堂练习】
Ⅰ.
Read
and
choose
the
best
answer.
（
）1.
The
children
are
preparing
their
Mid-term
Examination.
A.
for
B.
at
C.
with
D.
on
（
）2.
Would
you
please
add
some
sugar
my
coffee?
A.
on
B.
of
C.
with
D.
to
（
）3.
Put
apple
juice,
orange
juice
and
milk
together
to
make
.
A.
a
meal
B.
a
pizza
C.
a
cake
D.
a
punch
（
）4.
I've
got
books
in
my
bookshelf.
A.
many
kinds
of
B.
a
kind
of
C.
all
kinds
D.
some
kinds
（
）
5.
She
would
not
let
the
child
it.
A.
does
B.
do
C.
to
do
D.
doing
（
）6.
—
can
we
make
the
iced
fruit
punch?
—First,
we
need
some
soft
drinks
and
fruit
juice.
A.
What
B.
How
C.
When
D.
Where
（
）7.
—Let's
have
a
festival
about
water.
—
.
A.
I
agree
B.
You
are
quite
right
C.
Of
course
we
do
D.
That's
a
good
idea
（
）8.
Have
you
all
?
A.
got
ready
everything
B.
got
ready
everything
for
C.
got
everything
ready
D.
got
ready
for
（
）9.
The
cup
glass
and
there
is
a
flower
in
it.
A.
is
made
from
B.
is
made
of
C.
is
made
into
D.
is
made
by
（
）10.
The
punch
you
made
tasted
quite
.
A.
well
B.
good
C.
nicely
D.
terribly
Ⅱ.
Rewrite
the
sentences
as
required.
1.
Pour
in
the
milk.
(改为否定句)
in
the
milk.
2.
I
need
a
can
of
lemonade.
(
改为一般疑问句)
a
can
of
lemonade?
3.
Let's
clean
our
classroom.
(改为反意疑问句)
Let's
clean
our
classroom,
?
4.
I
can
make
iced
fruit
punch
for
my
classmates.
(保持原意不变)
I
can
make
iced
fruit
punch.
5.
I
can
make
fruit
juicefor
my
sister.
(
就划线部分提问)
can
you
?
【keys】
Ⅰ.
1.A
2.D
3.D
4.
A
5.B
6.
B
7.
D
8.
C
9.B
10.B
Ⅱ.
1.
Don't
pour
2.
Do
you
need
3.
shall
we
4.
my
classmates
5.
What;
do
一、情态动词
1.
must
的用法
1）表义务，“必须”
例如：You
must
talk
to
them
about
their
study. 你必须同他们谈谈关于他们学习的事。
2）在否定结构中表不许、禁止
例如：You
mustn't
leave
here. 你不能离开这儿。
3）表坚定的建议
例如：You
must
come
and
see
us
as
soon
as
you
get
to
Shanghai. 一到上海你就得马上来见我们。
4）表推测，暗含有很大的可能性
例如：He
must
be
ill.
He
looks
so
pale. 他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。
5）关于must的简短回答：
例如：Must
I
clean
the
dining
room
at
once?
我必须马上打扫餐厅吗？
---Yes,
you
must.
---No,
you
needn't.
---No,
you
don't
have
to.
2.
have
to的用法：have
to
虽属于情态动词，但它有人称、数的变化，它的疑问句否定句的构成也和其他情态动词有所不同。
1）have
to表客观的需要和义务，must表主观认识
例如：I
missed
the
train,
so
I
had
to
take
a
taxi. 我没搭上火车，所以我只得打的。
2）在疑问句和否定句中，have
to多用助动词do构成，must则直接提前或加not。
例如：Did
he
have
to
do
it? 他得做那件事吗？
――He
didn't
have
to
do
it. 他不需要做那件事。
3）在否定句中，have
to表示不需要，must表不允许。
例如：You
don't
have
to
go
there. 你不需要去那儿。
You
mustn't
go
there? 你不可去那儿。
4）虽然must可以用在过去时态中，但是have
to更能直接了当的表达过去时间概念。
例如：She
must
see
Hubert
that
very
night. 她必须在那个晚上见到休伯特。
I
had
to
leave
at
six
yesterday. 我得在昨天6点离开。
二、时间状语从句when
1、主句和从句都用一般现在时，表示事实或真理。
When
water
freezes,
it
turns
into
ice.
2、主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。有时主句中也可以使用情态动词。
I
will
give
you
a
present
when
we
meet.
When
you
are
in
London
again,
you
must
come
and
see
us.
3、主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。主句和从句的动作可以是同时发生的，也可以是有先后的；when引导的从句中，所发生的动作可以是短暂性的也可以是持续性的。
What
were
you
doing
when
your
teacher
came
into
the
classroom?
4、从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时，表示一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生了。
When?Kate?was?flying?a?kite，she?found?a?wallet?lying?on?the?ground．凯特正在放风筝时，她发现地上有个钱包。?
?
三、被动语态
1、语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如：Many
people
speak
Chinese.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many
people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese
is
spoken
by
many
people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
?
2、被动语态的构成：以speak为例
一般过去时：was／were＋spoken
一般将来时：will／shall
be＋spoken
现在进行时：am／is／are
being＋spoken
过去进行时：were／was
being＋spoken
现在完成时：have／has
been＋spoken
过去完成时：had
been
+
spoken
3、被动语态的用法
?(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some
new
computers
were
stolen
last
night.
This
bridge
was
founded
in
1981.
?
(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
?
例如：The
glass
was
broken
by
Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
?
This
book
was
written
by
him.这本书是他写的。
Your
homework
must
be
finished
on
time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
4、主动语态变被动语态的方法
?(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
?(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
?(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：
All
the
people
laughed
at
him.
--------He
was
laughed
at
by
all
people.
They
make
the
bikes
in
the
factory.-------The
bikes
are
made
by
them
in
the
factory.
典型题目
1.
They
first______
when
they
______at
school.
A.
meet,
are
B.
met,
were
C.
are
meeting,
are
D.
were
meeting,
were
2.
When
there______
a
gentle
breeze,
we
can
______people
flying
kites
in
the
countryside.
A.
is,
see
B.
is,
saw
C.
was,
see
D.
was,
saw
3.
This
sign
means:
No______!
A.
fish
B.
to
fish
C.
fishing
D.
fishes
That
restaurant______
very
good.
It’s
always
full
of
people.
A.
can
be
B.
must
be
C.
can't
be
D.
mustn't
be
5.
Bill
and
Sue
go
to
Paris
on
holiday,
so
they
______be
at
home.
A.
can
be
B.
must
be
C.
can’t
be
D.
mustn’t
be
6.
Don’t
make
so
much
noise.
We
______wake
the
baby.
A.
must
B.
mustn’t
C.
don’t
have
to
D.
have
to
7.
This
is
a
valuable
book.
You
______look
after
if
carefully
and
you
______lose
it.
A.
must,
must
B.
must,
mustn’t
C.
mustn’t,
must
D.
mustn’t,
mustn’t
8.
______let
the
children
have
a
barbecue
without
adults.
A.
Do
B.
Don’t
C.
Not
D.
No
9.
There’s
something
wrong
with
the
car.
We’d
better
stop
______the
next
garage.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
at
D.
near
10.
The
leaves
______that
tree
have
a
beautiful
colour.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
at
D.
above
11.
He
spends
most
of
the
day
sitting______
the
window
and
looking
outside.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
at
D.
behind
12.
There
was
an
accident
______the
crossroads
this
morning.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
at
D.
onto
13.
My
teacher
told
me
that
the
sun
______in
the
east.
A.
rises
B.
rose
C.
is
rising
D.
has
risen
14.
Nurses______
after
patients
in
hospital.
A.
look
B.
looks
C.
looked
D.
are
looking
15.
John
isn’t
lazy.
He
______very
hard
most
of
the
time.
A.
works
B.
worked
C.
is
working
D.
has
worked
16.
He
usually
______vegetables
in
his
garden.
A.
grow
B.
grows
C.
is
growing
D.
has
grown
17.
Peter
and
his
girlfriend
______films
on
Sundays.
A.
see
B.
sees
C.
are
seeing
D.
have
seen
18.
Most
of
the
Earth’s
surface______
by
water.
A.
covers
B.
is
covered
C.
are
covered
D.
cover
19.
While
I
was
on
holiday,
my
camera
______from
my
hotel
room.
A.
stole
B.
steals
C.
was
stolen
D.
has
been
stolen
20.
When
the
work
______,
the
workers
will
have
lunch.
A.
will
do
B.
will
be
done
C.
does
D.
is
done
参考答案与解析：
1.
B
2．A
3.
C
4.
B
5.
A
6.
B
7.
B
8.
B
9.
C
10.
B
11.
C
12.
C
13.
A
14.
A
15.
A
16.
B
17.
A
18.
B
19.
C
20.
D
B.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
Snow
fell
on
the
mountain.
It
snowed
and
snowed.
The
snow
did
not
melt.
It
became
deep
and
heavy.
The
snow
on
the
bottom
pressed
together,
then
it
became
ice.
????
The
ice
was
very
wide
and
thick.
It
began
to
move
down
the
mountain.
It
was
like
a
river
of
ice.
It
was
a
glacier(冰河)
.
???
Sometimes
the
glacier
moved
only
a
few
inches(英寸)each
day.
As
it
moved,??it
took
rocks
and
dirt
with
it
.It
changed
the
land.
In
some
places,
it
left
hills.
In
some
places,
when
the
glacier
melted,
it
made
rivers
and
lakes.
??????
A
million
years
ago,
there
were
many
big
glaciers
.Glaciers
covered
many
parts
of
the
world.
The
glaciers
changed??the
land.
??????
Glaciers
are
still
working
today.
A
glacier
in
the
north
of
Canada
is
cutting
a
new
path
(路)
down
the
side
of
a
mountain.
This
glacier
will
change
the
land,
too.
(
)54.
The
snow
that
fell
on
the
mountain
.
A.
became
snowman
B.
melted
C.
became
ice
D.
turned
to
rain
(
)55.
The
word
in
the
story
that
means
a
river
of
ice
is
__________.
A.
current
B.
tide
C.
flood
D.
glacier
(
)56.
Which
of
the
following
does
this
story
lead
you
to
believe?
A.
There
are
not
as
many
glaciers
as
there
used
to
be
B.
Glaciers
do
not
change
the
land
as
they
move
over
it.
C.
Glaciers
are
found
only
in
warm
places.
D.
Glaciers
always
move
slowly.
(
)57.
How
fast
did
the
glacier
move?
A.
Sometimes
the
glacier
moved
only
once
a
year.
B.
Sometimes
the
glacier
moved
over
ten
miles
each
day.
C.
Sometimes
the
glacier
moved
only
a
few
inches
each
day.
D.
Sometimes
the
glacier
didn’t
move.
(
)58.
The
main
idea
of
the
whole
story
is
that
_______.
A.
snow
changed
the
land
B.
the
high
land
never
changes
C.
glaciers
changed
the
land
D.
a
glacier
in
Canada
is
cutting
a
new
path
CDACC
C.
Choose
the
words
or
expressions
and
complete
the
passage.
(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)
In
Britain
winter
is
not
very
cold
and
summer
is
not
very
hot.
59
is
not
a
great
difference
between
summer
and
winter.
Why
is
this？
???
Britain
has
a
mild（暖和的）
winter
and
a
cool
summer
because
it
is
60
country.
In
winter
the
sea
is
warmer
than
the
land.
The
winds
from
the
sea
bring
warm
air
to
Britain.
In
summer
the
sea
is
cooler
than
the
land.
The
winds
from
the
sea
bring
cool
air
to
Britain.
The
61
winds
blow
above
Britain
all
the
year.
They
are
62
winds.
They
bring
rain
to
Britain
all
the
year.
The
west
of
Britain
is
wetter
than
the
east.
The
winds
blow
over
the
highland
in
the
west.?They
62
more
rain
there.
The
east
of
Britain
is
drier
than
the
west.
The
four
seasons
are
all
three
months
long.
Winter
is
in
December，
January
and
February.
Spring
is
in
March，
April
and
May.
Summer
is
in
June，
July
and
August.
Autumn
is
in
September，
October
and
November.
（
）59.
A.
There
B.
That
C.
It
D.
Here
（
）60.
A.
an
island
B.
an
inland
C.
a
highland
D.
a
large
（
）61.
A.
easterly
B.
southerly
C.
westerly
D.
northerly
（
）62.
A.
dry
B.
wet
C.
cold
D.
strong
（
）63.
A.
fall
B.stop
C.
have
no
D.
drop
AACBD
Homework
Unit10
Water
Festival
综合测试
V．
Choose
the
best
answer.
(选择最恰当的答案)
（
）21.The
story
happened
in
European
village.
A.
a
B.
an
C.
the
D.
/
（
）22.
Would
you
like
ice
in
your
lemonade?
A.
a
bar
of
B.
a
spoonful
of
C.
a
tube
of
D.
a
cube
of
（
）23.When
she
was
making
a
kite,
she
cut
carelessly
.
A.
her
B.
hers
C.
herself
D.
she
（
）24.The
cup
a
lid
in
the
shop
window
costs
3
euros.
A.
of
B.
with
C.
on
D.
for
（
）25.
I
think
she
lives
at
No.
23
West
Street,
but
I’m
not
quite
sure
the
number.
A.
about
B.
on
C.
at
D.
for
（
）26.
Life
is
full
ups
and
downs,
my
friend.
A.
with
B.
on
C.
of
D.
off
（
）27.Punch
is
a
drink
made
fruit
juice,
sugar,
water,
ect..
A.
of
B.
into
C.
in
D.
from
（
）28.The
punch
you
made
tastes
quite
.
A.
well
B.
good
C.
nicely
D.
terribly
（
）29.
You
must
sound
your
words
more
.
A.
clearly
B.
correct
C.
sweet
D.
soft
（
）30.
Don’t
drink
the
well
water.
Haven’t
you
seen
the
sign?
It
“Not
suitable
for
drinking.”
A.
speaks
B.
tells
C.
talks
D.
says
（
）31.
What
will
happen
if
you
a
bowl
of
water
outside
in
freezing
weather?
A.
leave
B.
will
leave
C.
are
leaving
D.
left
（
）32.When
ice
,
it
turns
into
water.
A.
boils
B.
cools
down
C.
melts
D.
freezes
（
）33.We
are
looking
forward
to
Daddy’s
back
before
the
Spring
Festival.
A.
come
B.
to
come
C.
coming
D.
comes
（
）34.You
must
practice
English
more
and
more
.
A.
speak
B.
to
speak
C.
speaking
D.
spoken
（
）35.
Which
of
the
following
is
RIGHT?
A.
It
is
impossible
whether
he
comes.
B.
He
is
impossible
to
come.
C.
He
is
impossible
for
coming.
D.
It
is
impossible
for
him
to
come.
21-25
ADCBA
26-30
CDBAD
31-35
ACCCD
VI.
Complete
the
sentences
with
the
given
words
in
their
proper
forms.(用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子):
36.
He
did
too
little
for
his
exam.
(prepare)
37.
With
the
help
of
James
Watt,
Robert
Fulton
invented
the
in
1807.
(steam)
38.
It
is
to
fill
in
the
form
at
the
door.
(need)
39.
You’d
better
not
go
out
in
such
weather.
(freeze)
40.I’m
afraid
you
cannot
get
points
because
your
answer
is
.
(correct)
41.Wolfgang
Mozart
was
a
man
of
music
gifts.
(usually)
42.The
sitting
room
is
much
because
there
is
a
heater
in
it
.
(warmth)
43.
What
is
the
between
the
two
ideas?(connect)
36.
preparation
37.
steamer
38.
necessary
39.freezing
40.incorrcet
41.unusual
42.
warmer
43.
connection
VII.
Rewrite
the
following
sentences
as
required.
(根据所给要求，改写下列句子)：
44.
Adam
has
sailed
for
New
York
(对划线部分提问)
has
Adam
sailed
for
?
45.
Aunt
Lucy
made
us
stay
for
supper
yesterday.
(保持句意基本不变)
Aunt
Lucy
us
stay
for
supper
yesterday.
46.You
should
not
shout
in
the
hospital.
(保持句意基本不变)
You
are
to
shout
in
the
hospital.
47.
Use
sticky
tape
to
get
the
two
cards
together!
(保持句意基本不变)
the
two
cards
together
the
tape
48.Make
the
water
cold,
and
it
will
become
ice.
(保持句意基本不变)
water
is
cold,
it
will
become
ice.
What
city
45.
asked,
to
46.
not
allowed
47.
Stick,
with
48.
If,
made
阅读理解
True
or
False.
(判断下列句子是否符合短文内容)
Water
is
very
important
to
our
lives.
We
drink
water
when
we
are
thirsty.
We
clean
ourselves
and
wash
our
clothes
with
water.
Plants
and
animals
need
water
every
day.
In
the
old
days,
people
fetched
water
from
lakes
and
rivers.
Some
dug
wells
in
the
ground
to
get
water.
Nowadays,
we
build
reservoirs
to
store
water
which
comes
from
rain.
In
Hong
Kong
the
winter
months
are
usually
dry
and
the
summer
months
are
rainy.
When
the
rainfall
is
low,
the
water
in
the
reservoirs
will
be
used
up
quickly.
We
must,
therefore,
save
water
and
use
it
carefully.
Although
we
can
change
sea
water
into
fresh
water
with
machines,
it
takes
a
long
time
and
costs
a
lot
of
money.
In
Hong
Kong,
people
who
wastes
water
will
be
punished
by
law.
（
）
49.
We
shouldn’t
waste
water
because
water
is
very
important
for
our
daily
life.
（
）50.
A
reservoir
is
a
place
where
water
is
stored.
（
）51.
Punish
here
means
to
make
a
person
suffer
for
the
wrong
things
he
has
done.
（
）52.
In
Hong
Kong
winter
days
are
wet
and
summer
days
are
dry.
（
）53.
People
in
Hong
Kong
can
use
lots
of
water
all
year
round
because
they
can
change
sea
water
into
fresh
water
with
machines.
TTTFF
D.
Read
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks
with
proper
words.
(在短文的空格内填入合适的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：
Water
is
the
"life
blood"
of
our
earth.
It
is
in
every
living
thing.
It
is
in
the
air.
It
runs
through
mountains
and
valleys.
It
f
64
lakes
and
oceans(海洋).
Water
is
everywhere.
Nature
has
a
great
water
system
(体系).
Rain
water
finds
its
w
65
to
streams
(小溪)
and
rivers.
Rivers
lead
to
the
ocean.
At
the
mouths
of
the
rivers,
fresh
water
joins
the
s
66
water
of
the
ocean.
Here
at
the
mouth
of
a
river
there
is
much
important
plant
and
a
66
life.
P
67
destroys
this
life,
however.
We
have
to
clean
our
streams
and
rivers.
Man
has
to
work
with
nature
--
not
against
it.
forms,
way,
salt,
animal,
Pollution授课类型
T
词汇回顾及短语速记
C
7BU10查缺补漏
T
阅读能力提升
教学内容
Unit
10
◆
词汇回顾:
英文词性中文补充拓展icedadj.冰镇的;
加冰块的ice
n.
冰punchn.潘趣酒;
宾治酒formn.
v.形态;
形式
形成;
养成formal
adj.
正式的
informal
adj.
非正式的freezev.
(使)冻结;
结冰frozen
adj.
冰冻的；冷冻的
freezing
adj.
极冷的；严寒的
lidn.(容器的)盖;
盖子secondn.
序数词秒
第二hour
n.
小时
minute
n.
分钟strawn.吸管strawberry
adj.
草莓toothpickn.牙签toothbrush
n.
牙刷
toothpaste
n.
牙膏holen.洞;
孔;
坑siden.边connectv.(使)连接connection
n.
联系;
连接allowv.允许;
准许safetyn.安全safe
adj.
安全的
safely
adv.
安全地
save
v.
挽救；节省
【反义词】
danger
n.
危险
ice
cuben.小冰块
短语速记：
英文中文different
kinds
of不同种类的add
to添加pour
into倒入wait
for等待at
the
bottom
of在....底部discuss
with与......讨论stay
with
sb.与......待在一起play
with与......玩耍cool
down变凉;
冷却下来turn
into转变成;
将......变成think
about思考;
考虑
词汇积累与练习
I.
词汇整理
词汇Words
1.
iced
adj.
冰冻的
例句：Would
you
like
some
iced
black
tea?
【扩展】ice
n.
2.
form
n.
形态；形式
It
is
in
the
form
of
a
crescent.
它是新月形的。
After
six
months'
training,
the
whole
team
is
in
great
form.
经过六个月的训练；全队进入极佳的竞技状态。
【拓展】
form
v.
形成，构成
He
forms
the
habit
of
getting
up
early.
他养成了早起的习惯。
The
boys
formed
a
line.
男孩们排成了一行。
3.
freeze
v.（使）冻结，结冰(froze,
frozen)
It
froze
hard
last
night.
昨夜有严重冰冻。
Water
freezes
at
0℃.
0℃时水会结冰。
【拓展】frozen
adj.
冰冻的；冷冻的
These
frozen
foods
are
the
most
convenient
of
all.
这些冷冻食品最为方便。
freezing
adj.
极冷的；严寒的：
It's
very
cold
today;
the
temperature
has
dropped
to
the
freezing
point.今天很冷，温度降到了冰点。
4.
lid
n.（容器的）盖；盖子
He
banged
the
lid
down.
砰的一声，他把盖子盖上了。
She
lifted
the
lid
of
the
pot
to
add
some
salt.
她掀起锅盖加了点儿盐。
5.
second
n.
秒
She
can
run
100
metres
in
just
over
11
seconds.
她跑完100米只需11秒多一点点。
【拓展】
second作名词表示“秒”时，常见用法如下：
(1)for
several
seconds一连几秒钟：For
several
seconds,
he
did
not
reply.
一连几秒钟，他都没有回答。
(2)every...
seconds每……秒钟：The
light
flashes
every
5
seconds.
灯光每5秒钟闪烁一次。
(3)
per
second每秒：The
water
flows
at
about
1.5
metres
per
second.
水的流速约为每秒1.5米。
second
num.
第二的；第二次的
adv.第二；其次
6.
straw.
n
稻草，吸管
例句：Children
enjoy
drinking
juice
through
a
straw.
7.
toothpick
n.
牙签
例句：I
had
to
use
a
toothpick
to
remove
the
food
that
was
stuck
between
the
teeth.
8.
hole.
n.
洞，孔
例句：There
is
a
hole
in
my
sock.
9.
side
n.
面，边
例句：Everything
has
its
two
sides.
10.
connect
v.（使）连接
Will
you
connect
this
wire
to
the
television?
你把这根电线和电视机连上好吗？
【拓展】
connection
n.
连接；结合：
The
connection
of
our
telephones
took
several
hours.
我们用了好几个小时才接通了电话。
11.
allow
v.允许；准许
She
allowed
us
to
watch
TV
for
a
while.
她允许我们看一会儿电视。
Their
teacher
allowed
them
three
days
for
the
assignment.
老师给他们三天时间完成作业。
Swimming
is
not
allowed
at
this
beach.
这片海滩禁止游泳。(相当于You
mustn't
swim
at
this
beach.)
12.
safety
n.
安全
The
police
are
concerned
for
the
safety
of
the
12-year-old
boy
who
has
been
missing
for
three
day.
那个12岁的男孩失踪3天了，警察对他的安全感到担忧。
【拓展】
safe
adj.
安全的
safely
adv.安全地
save
v.挽救；节省
【反义词】
danger
n.
危险
Ⅱ.
Daily
expressions.
日常表达
1.
ice
cube
n.
小冰块
Please
bring
me
some
ice
cubes
and
water.
请给我带一些冰块和水，
【拓展】
cube是名词，意为“立方体；正六面体”，也可表示“立方；三次幂”的意思。
A
square
has
four
corners;
a
cube
has
eight.
正方形有四个角；立方体有八个角。
The
cube
of
2
is
8.
二的三次幂是八。
2.
think
about意为“思考；考虑”。
Now
we
should
think
about
buying
a
new
house.
现在我们应该想一想买新房的事了。
3.
cool
down意为“变凉；冷却下来”。
We
cooled
down
with
a
swim
in
the
lake.
在湖里游泳后，我们感到凉快了。
Drink
plenty
of
cold
water
to
cool
yourself
down.
多喝点凉水，凉快凉快。
【拓展】
cool
down还有“冷静；平静”的意思。
I
won’t
talk
to
you
until
you
cool
down
first.
我等你先冷静下来才会跟你谈。
It
took
her
a
long
time
to
cool
down
after
the
argument.
争论过后好久，她才得以平静下来。
4.
turn
into意为“转变成”。
Caterpillars
turn
into
butterflies.
毛毛虫可以变成蝴蝶。
A
small
campfire
may
turn
into
a
terrible
forest
fire.
小小的营火可能会变成一场可怕的森林火灾。
5.
play
with是‘‘玩耍’’的意思，后接玩耍的对象。
Does
it
make
sense
to
let
children
play
with
matches?
让小孩玩火柴有道理吗？
The
little
boy
did
not
dare
to
play
with
dogs.
这个小男孩不敢和狗玩。
【随堂小练】
I.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
words
in
their
proper
forms.
1.
of
all,
pour
the
water
into
the
cup.
(one)
2.
fruit
punch
is
great
in
summer.
(ice)
3.
I
can
clean
the
room
by
.
(I)
This
morning
I
found
a
card
the
door
of
my
flat.
(
out)
I'm
sure
our
Water
Festival
will
be
very
.
(interest)
We
can
see
this
sign
in
a
pool.
(
swim)
We
can
use
lemonade
to
make
kinds
of
fruit
juice.
(difference)
Please
put
the
into
the
glass
and
drink
it.
(lemon)
9.
,
they
arrive
at
the
airport
on
time.
(final)
10.
The
for
the
Water
Festival
lasts
for
three
days.
(prepare)
II.
Choose
the
right
word
to
complete
the
sentence.
1.
is
one
of
the
three
forms
of
water.
(Iced/Ice)
2.
To
make
a
chocolate
cake,
we
need
a
packet
of
power,
some
flour,
some
sugar
and
some
chocolate.
(icing/iced)
3.
My
parents
are
a
trip
to
Xiamen.
(preparing/preparing
for)
4.
Please
add
the
ice
cubes
the
lemonade.
(into/to)
5.
do
you
make
the
noodles
well?
(What/How)
III.
Important
Sentences
structures.
1.
Next,
make
ice
cubes
out
of
the
different
kinds
of
fruit
juice.
接着，把不同的果汁做成冰块。
make…out
of意为‘‘用……来制作……”。
Many
things
are
made
out
of
bamboo.
很多东西是由竹子制作的。
Some
children
make
lanterns
out
of
pumpkins
at
Halloween.
万圣节时，一些孩子用南瓜做灯笼。
different
kinds
of意为“不同种类的”。
She
offered
us
five
different
kinds
of
cakes.
她给我们提供了五种不同的蛋糕。
2.
Then
pour
the
lemonade
into
a
glass.
然后，把柠檬水倒入一个玻璃杯中。
pour…into…
意为“将……倒人……中”。
I've
poured
coffee
into
your
cup
by
mistake.
我错把咖啡倒在你的杯子里了。
3.
Finally,
add
the
ice
cubes
to
the
lemonade.
最后，把冰块加入柠檬水中。
add…to…意为“将……加入……中”。
Many
words
have
been
added
to
this
edition
of
the
dictionary.
这本词典的这一版新增了很多词。
4.
The
iced
fruit
punch
is
ready.
冰镇水果宾治就做好了。
ready为形容词，意为“准备好的”。ready有如下用法：
(1)
be
ready表示“准备好了”。
Dinner
is
ready.
晚饭准备好了。
Are
you
ready?
你（们）准备好了吗？
(2)
be
ready
for…=get
ready
for…=prepare
for…意为“为....做准备”。
They
are
getting
ready
for
the
exam.
他们正在为考试做准备。
(3)
be
ready
to
do
something=get
ready
to
do
something意为“准备做某事；乐意做某事”。
Are
you
getting
ready
to
run?你们准备好跑步了吗？
Lei
Feng
was
always
ready
to
help
others.
雷锋总是乐于助人。
5.
I've
got
some
questions
for
you
to
think
about.
我有一些问题要让你们思考。
get
something
for
somebody是“为……准备好……”的意思，不能改写为get
somebody
something的形式。
Have
you
got
invitations
for
all
the
guests?
你为所有的客人都准备好请帖了吗？
get
something
for
somebody意为“为……买……’’时，相当于：get
somebody
something。
Let
me
get
you
a
new
pair
of
jeans!
=Let
me
get
a
new
pair
of
jeans
for
you.
让我给你买条新牛仔裤吧！
6.
Look
at
the
outside
of
the
glass.
看看玻璃杯的外面。
本例中的outside是名词，意为“外头；外部；外面；外侧；外表”，其反义词为inside(意为“内侧；内道；内部；里面”)。the
outside
of意为“……的外部；……的表面”。
The
outside
of
the
house
is
painted
white.
房子外部漆成白色了。
7.
Make
a
hole
at
the
bottom
of
the
paper
cup
and
on
one
side
of
the
lunch
box
lid.
在纸杯的底部和快餐盒盖子的一边各戳一个小洞。
at
the
bottom
of意为“在……的底部：在……尽头”。
The
fisherman
found
a
jar
at
the
bottom
of
the
lake.
这个渔夫在湖底发现了一个罐子。
其反义词组为on
top
of(在……顶端)。
There's
a
pub
at
the
bottom
of
the
road.
路的尽头有一家酒馆。
on
one
side
of意为“在……一面；在……的一边”。
Write
on
one
side
of
the
paper
only.
只在纸的一面写字。
On
one
side
of
the
window
was
a
mirror,
and
on
the
other
was
a
painting.
窗户的一边是一面镜子，另一边挂着一幅画。
8.
Connect
the
holes
in
the
lid
and
the
cup
with
the
straw.
用吸管将盖子和纸杯的小洞连起来。
connect…with...是“用……将……连起来”的意思。
They
connected
the
two
cars
together
with
a
chain.
他们用一根链子将两辆车连了起来。
connect…with还有“把……联系起来”的意思。
There
was
nothing
to
connect
him
with
the
crime.
他与那起犯罪毫无关联。
9.
Fishing
is
not
allowed.
禁止钓鱼。
fish在这里是动词，意为“钓鱼”。由于fish在这里作主语，而主语一般由名词或代词充当，因此，须使用动名词（即动词ing形式）。
Running
is
my
favourite
sport.
跑步是我最喜欢的运动。
Learning
English
becomes
more
and
more
important
in
our
daily
life.
在我们的日常生活中，学习英语变得越来越重要。
be
allowed意为“被允许”，是被动语态结构。很多规则可以用be(
not)
allowed的结构来表达。
Ball
games
are
not
allowed
here.
此处不允许进行球类游戏。
Cycling
is
allowed
here.
此处可以骑车。
要表达“被允许做某事”或“不允许做某事”的意思，则使用be(not)allowed
to
do
something的结构。
You
are
allowed
to
cycle
here.
你可以在此处骑车。
You
are
not
allowed
to
park
here.
你不可以在此处停车。
【随堂练习】
Ⅰ.
Read
and
choose
the
best
answer.
（
）1.
The
children
are
preparing
their
Mid-term
Examination.
A.
for
B.
at
C.
with
D.
on
（
）2.
Would
you
please
add
some
sugar
my
coffee?
A.
on
B.
of
C.
with
D.
to
（
）3.
Put
apple
juice,
orange
juice
and
milk
together
to
make
.
A.
a
meal
B.
a
pizza
C.
a
cake
D.
a
punch
（
）4.
I've
got
books
in
my
bookshelf.
A.
many
kinds
of
B.
a
kind
of
C.
all
kinds
D.
some
kinds
（
）
5.
She
would
not
let
the
child
it.
A.
does
B.
do
C.
to
do
D.
doing
（
）6.
—
can
we
make
the
iced
fruit
punch?
—First,
we
need
some
soft
drinks
and
fruit
juice.
A.
What
B.
How
C.
When
D.
Where
（
）7.
—Let's
have
a
festival
about
water.
—
.
A.
I
agree
B.
You
are
quite
right
C.
Of
course
we
do
D.
That's
a
good
idea
（
）8.
Have
you
all
?
A.
got
ready
everything
B.
got
ready
everything
for
C.
got
everything
ready
D.
got
ready
for
（
）9.
The
cup
glass
and
there
is
a
flower
in
it.
A.
is
made
from
B.
is
made
of
C.
is
made
into
D.
is
made
by
（
）10.
The
punch
you
made
tasted
quite
.
A.
well
B.
good
C.
nicely
D.
terribly
Ⅱ.
Rewrite
the
sentences
as
required.
1.
Pour
in
the
milk.
(改为否定句)
in
the
milk.
2.
I
need
a
can
of
lemonade.
(
改为一般疑问句)
a
can
of
lemonade?
3.
Let's
clean
our
classroom.
(改为反意疑问句)
Let's
clean
our
classroom,
?
4.
I
can
make
iced
fruit
punch
for
my
classmates.
(保持原意不变)
I
can
make
iced
fruit
punch.
5.
I
can
make
fruit
juicefor
my
sister.
(
就划线部分提问)
can
you
?
一、情态动词
1.
must
的用法
1）表义务，“必须”
例如：You
must
talk
to
them
about
their
study. 你必须同他们谈谈关于他们学习的事。
2）在否定结构中表不许、禁止
例如：You
mustn't
leave
here. 你不能离开这儿。
3）表坚定的建议
例如：You
must
come
and
see
us
as
soon
as
you
get
to
Shanghai. 一到上海你就得马上来见我们。
4）表推测，暗含有很大的可能性
例如：He
must
be
ill.
He
looks
so
pale. 他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。
5）关于must的简短回答：
例如：Must
I
clean
the
dining
room
at
once?
我必须马上打扫餐厅吗？
---Yes,
you
must.
---No,
you
needn't.
---No,
you
don't
have
to.
2.
have
to的用法：have
to
虽属于情态动词，但它有人称、数的变化，它的疑问句否定句的构成也和其他情态动词有所不同。
1）have
to表客观的需要和义务，must表主观认识
例如：I
missed
the
train,
so
I
had
to
take
a
taxi. 我没搭上火车，所以我只得打的。
2）在疑问句和否定句中，have
to多用助动词do构成，must则直接提前或加not。
例如：Did
he
have
to
do
it? 他得做那件事吗？
――He
didn't
have
to
do
it. 他不需要做那件事。
3）在否定句中，have
to表示不需要，must表不允许。
例如：You
don't
have
to
go
there. 你不需要去那儿。
You
mustn't
go
there? 你不可去那儿。
4）虽然must可以用在过去时态中，但是have
to更能直接了当的表达过去时间概念。
例如：She
must
see
Hubert
that
very
night. 她必须在那个晚上见到休伯特。
I
had
to
leave
at
six
yesterday. 我得在昨天6点离开。
二、时间状语从句when
1、主句和从句都用一般现在时，表示事实或真理。
When
water
freezes,
it
turns
into
ice.
2、主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。有时主句中也可以使用情态动词。
I
will
give
you
a
present
when
we
meet.
When
you
are
in
London
again,
you
must
come
and
see
us.
3、主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。主句和从句的动作可以是同时发生的，也可以是有先后的；when引导的从句中，所发生的动作可以是短暂性的也可以是持续性的。
What
were
you
doing
when
your
teacher
came
into
the
classroom?
4、从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时，表示一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生了。
When?Kate?was?flying?a?kite，she?found?a?wallet?lying?on?the?ground．凯特正在放风筝时，她发现地上有个钱包。?
?
三、被动语态
1、语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如：Many
people
speak
Chinese.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many
people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese
is
spoken
by
many
people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
?
2、被动语态的构成：以speak为例
一般过去时：was／were＋spoken
一般将来时：will／shall
be＋spoken
现在进行时：am／is／are
being＋spoken
过去进行时：were／was
being＋spoken
现在完成时：have／has
been＋spoken
过去完成时：had
been
+
spoken
3、被动语态的用法
?(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some
new
computers
were
stolen
last
night.
This
bridge
was
founded
in
1981.
?
(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
?
例如：The
glass
was
broken
by
Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
?
This
book
was
written
by
him.这本书是他写的。
Your
homework
must
be
finished
on
time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
4、主动语态变被动语态的方法
?(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
?(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
?(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：
All
the
people
laughed
at
him.
--------He
was
laughed
at
by
all
people.
They
make
the
bikes
in
the
factory.-------The
bikes
are
made
by
them
in
the
factory.
典型题目
1.
They
first______
when
they
______at
school.
A.
meet,
are
B.
met,
were
C.
are
meeting,
are
D.
were
meeting,
were
2.
When
there______
a
gentle
breeze,
we
can
______people
flying
kites
in
the
countryside.
A.
is,
see
B.
is,
saw
C.
was,
see
D.
was,
saw
3.
This
sign
means:
No______!
A.
fish
B.
to
fish
C.
fishing
D.
fishes
That
restaurant______
very
good.
It’s
always
full
of
people.
A.
can
be
B.
must
be
C.
can't
be
D.
mustn't
be
5.
Bill
and
Sue
go
to
Paris
on
holiday,
so
they
______be
at
home.
A.
can
be
B.
must
be
C.
can’t
be
D.
mustn’t
be
6.
Don’t
make
so
much
noise.
We
______wake
the
baby.
A.
must
B.
mustn’t
C.
don’t
have
to
D.
have
to
7.
This
is
a
valuable
book.
You
______look
after
if
carefully
and
you
______lose
it.
A.
must,
must
B.
must,
mustn’t
C.
mustn’t,
must
D.
mustn’t,
mustn’t
8.
______let
the
children
have
a
barbecue
without
adults.
A.
Do
B.
Don’t
C.
Not
D.
No
9.
There’s
something
wrong
with
the
car.
We’d
better
stop
______the
next
garage.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
at
D.
near
10.
The
leaves
______that
tree
have
a
beautiful
colour.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
at
D.
above
11.
He
spends
most
of
the
day
sitting______
the
window
and
looking
outside.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
at
D.
behind
12.
There
was
an
accident
______the
crossroads
this
morning.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
at
D.
onto
13.
My
teacher
told
me
that
the
sun
______in
the
east.
A.
rises
B.
rose
C.
is
rising
D.
has
risen
14.
Nurses______
after
patients
in
hospital.
A.
look
B.
looks
C.
looked
D.
are
looking
15.
John
isn’t
lazy.
He
______very
hard
most
of
the
time.
A.
works
B.
worked
C.
is
working
D.
has
worked
16.
He
usually
______vegetables
in
his
garden.
A.
grow
B.
grows
C.
is
growing
D.
has
grown
17.
Peter
and
his
girlfriend
______films
on
Sundays.
A.
see
B.
sees
C.
are
seeing
D.
have
seen
18.
Most
of
the
Earth’s
surface______
by
water.
A.
covers
B.
is
covered
C.
are
covered
D.
cover
19.
While
I
was
on
holiday,
my
camera
______from
my
hotel
room.
A.
stole
B.
steals
C.
was
stolen
D.
has
been
stolen
20.
When
the
work
______,
the
workers
will
have
lunch.
A.
will
do
B.
will
be
done
C.
does
D.
is
done
B.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
Snow
fell
on
the
mountain.
It
snowed
and
snowed.
The
snow
did
not
melt.
It
became
deep
and
heavy.
The
snow
on
the
bottom
pressed
together,
then
it
became
ice.
????
The
ice
was
very
wide
and
thick.
It
began
to
move
down
the
mountain.
It
was
like
a
river
of
ice.
It
was
a
glacier(冰河)
.
???
Sometimes
the
glacier
moved
only
a
few
inches(英寸)each
day.
As
it
moved,??it
took
rocks
and
dirt
with
it
.It
changed
the
land.
In
some
places,
it
left
hills.
In
some
places,
when
the
glacier
melted,
it
made
rivers
and
lakes.
??????
A
million
years
ago,
there
were
many
big
glaciers
.Glaciers
covered
many
parts
of
the
world.
The
glaciers
changed??the
land.
??????
Glaciers
are
still
working
today.
A
glacier
in
the
north
of
Canada
is
cutting
a
new
path
(路)
down
the
side
of
a
mountain.
This
glacier
will
change
the
land,
too.
(
)54.
The
snow
that
fell
on
the
mountain
.
A.
became
snowman
B.
melted
C.
became
ice
D.
turned
to
rain
(
)55.
The
word
in
the
story
that
means
a
river
of
ice
is
__________.
A.
current
B.
tide
C.
flood
D.
glacier
(
)56.
Which
of
the
following
does
this
story
lead
you
to
believe?
A.
There
are
not
as
many
glaciers
as
there
used
to
be
B.
Glaciers
do
not
change
the
land
as
they
move
over
it.
C.
Glaciers
are
found
only
in
warm
places.
D.
Glaciers
always
move
slowly.
(
)57.
How
fast
did
the
glacier
move?
A.
Sometimes
the
glacier
moved
only
once
a
year.
B.
Sometimes
the
glacier
moved
over
ten
miles
each
day.
C.
Sometimes
the
glacier
moved
only
a
few
inches
each
day.
D.
Sometimes
the
glacier
didn’t
move.
(
)58.
The
main
idea
of
the
whole
story
is
that
_______.
A.
snow
changed
the
land
B.
the
high
land
never
changes
C.
glaciers
changed
the
land
D.
a
glacier
in
Canada
is
cutting
a
new
path
C.
Choose
the
words
or
expressions
and
complete
the
passage.
(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)
In
Britain
winter
is
not
very
cold
and
summer
is
not
very
hot.
59
is
not
a
great
difference
between
summer
and
winter.
Why
is
this？
???
Britain
has
a
mild（暖和的）
winter
and
a
cool
summer
because
it
is
60
country.
In
winter
the
sea
is
warmer
than
the
land.
The
winds
from
the
sea
bring
warm
air
to
Britain.
In
summer
the
sea
is
cooler
than
the
land.
The
winds
from
the
sea
bring
cool
air
to
Britain.
The
61
winds
blow
above
Britain
all
the
year.
They
are
62
winds.
They
bring
rain
to
Britain
all
the
year.
The
west
of
Britain
is
wetter
than
the
east.
The
winds
blow
over
the
highland
in
the
west.?They
62
more
rain
there.
The
east
of
Britain
is
drier
than
the
west.
The
four
seasons
are
all
three
months
long.
Winter
is
in
December，
January
and
February.
Spring
is
in
March，
April
and
May.
Summer
is
in
June，
July
and
August.
Autumn
is
in
September，
October
and
November.
（
）59.
A.
There
B.
That
C.
It
D.
Here
（
）60.
A.
an
island
B.
an
inland
C.
a
highland
D.
a
large
（
）61.
A.
easterly
B.
southerly
C.
westerly
D.
northerly
（
）62.
A.
dry
B.
wet
C.
cold
D.
strong
（
）63.
A.
fall
B.stop
C.
have
no
D.
drop
Homework
Unit10
Water
Festival
综合测试
V．
Choose
the
best
answer.
(选择最恰当的答案)
（
）21.The
story
happened
in
European
village.
A.
a
B.
an
C.
the
D.
/
（
）22.
Would
you
like
ice
in
your
lemonade?
A.
a
bar
of
B.
a
spoonful
of
C.
a
tube
of
D.
a
cube
of
（
）23.When
she
was
making
a
kite,
she
cut
carelessly
.
A.
her
B.
hers
C.
herself
D.
she
（
）24.The
cup
a
lid
in
the
shop
window
costs
3
euros.
A.
of
B.
with
C.
on
D.
for
（
）25.
I
think
she
lives
at
No.
23
West
Street,
but
I’m
not
quite
sure
the
number.
A.
about
B.
on
C.
at
D.
for
（
）26.
Life
is
full
ups
and
downs,
my
friend.
A.
with
B.
on
C.
of
D.
off
（
）27.Punch
is
a
drink
made
fruit
juice,
sugar,
water,
ect..
A.
of
B.
into
C.
in
D.
from
（
）28.The
punch
you
made
tastes
quite
.
A.
well
B.
good
C.
nicely
D.
terribly
（
）29.
You
must
sound
your
words
more
.
A.
clearly
B.
correct
C.
sweet
D.
soft
（
）30.
Don’t
drink
the
well
water.
Haven’t
you
seen
the
sign?
It
“Not
suitable
for
drinking.”
A.
speaks
B.
tells
C.
talks
D.
says
（
）31.
What
will
happen
if
you
a
bowl
of
water
outside
in
freezing
weather?
A.
leave
B.
will
leave
C.
are
leaving
D.
left
（
）32.When
ice
,
it
turns
into
water.
A.
boils
B.
cools
down
C.
melts
D.
freezes
（
）33.We
are
looking
forward
to
Daddy’s
back
before
the
Spring
Festival.
A.
come
B.
to
come
C.
coming
D.
comes
（
）34.You
must
practice
English
more
and
more
.
A.
speak
B.
to
speak
C.
speaking
D.
spoken
（
）35.
Which
of
the
following
is
RIGHT?
A.
It
is
impossible
whether
he
comes.
B.
He
is
impossible
to
come.
C.
He
is
impossible
for
coming.
D.
It
is
impossible
for
him
to
come.
VI.
Complete
the
sentences
with
the
given
words
in
their
proper
forms.(用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子):
36.
He
did
too
little
for
his
exam.
(prepare)
37.
With
the
help
of
James
Watt,
Robert
Fulton
invented
the
in
1807.
(steam)
38.
It
is
to
fill
in
the
form
at
the
door.
(need)
39.
You’d
better
not
go
out
in
such
weather.
(freeze)
40.I’m
afraid
you
cannot
get
points
because
your
answer
is
.
(correct)
41.Wolfgang
Mozart
was
a
man
of
music
gifts.
(usually)
42.The
sitting
room
is
much
because
there
is
a
heater
in
it
.
(warmth)
43.
What
is
the
between
the
two
ideas?(connect)
VII.
Rewrite
the
following
sentences
as
required.
(根据所给要求，改写下列句子)：
44.
Adam
has
sailed
for
New
York
(对划线部分提问)
has
Adam
sailed
for
?
45.
Aunt
Lucy
made
us
stay
for
supper
yesterday.
(保持句意基本不变)
Aunt
Lucy
us
stay
for
supper
yesterday.
46.You
should
not
shout
in
the
hospital.
(保持句意基本不变)
You
are
to
shout
in
the
hospital.
47.
Use
sticky
tape
to
get
the
two
cards
together!
(保持句意基本不变)
the
two
cards
together
the
tape
48.Make
the
water
cold,
and
it
will
become
ice.
(保持句意基本不变)
water
is
cold,
it
will
become
ice.
阅读理解
True
or
False.
(判断下列句子是否符合短文内容)
Water
is
very
important
to
our
lives.
We
drink
water
when
we
are
thirsty.
We
clean
ourselves
and
wash
our
clothes
with
water.
Plants
and
animals
need
water
every
day.
In
the
old
days,
people
fetched
water
from
lakes
and
rivers.
Some
dug
wells
in
the
ground
to
get
water.
Nowadays,
we
build
reservoirs
to
store
water
which
comes
from
rain.
In
Hong
Kong
the
winter
months
are
usually
dry
and
the
summer
months
are
rainy.
When
the
rainfall
is
low,
the
water
in
the
reservoirs
will
be
used
up
quickly.
We
must,
therefore,
save
water
and
use
it
carefully.
Although
we
can
change
sea
water
into
fresh
water
with
machines,
it
takes
a
long
time
and
costs
a
lot
of
money.
In
Hong
Kong,
people
who
wastes
water
will
be
punished
by
law.
（
）
49.
We
shouldn’t
waste
water
because
water
is
very
important
for
our
daily
life.
（
）50.
A
reservoir
is
a
place
where
water
is
stored.
（
）51.
Punish
here
means
to
make
a
person
suffer
for
the
wrong
things
he
has
done.
（
）52.
In
Hong
Kong
winter
days
are
wet
and
summer
days
are
dry.
（
）53.
People
in
Hong
Kong
can
use
lots
of
water
all
year
round
because
they
can
change
sea
water
into
fresh
water
with
machines.
D.
Read
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks
with
proper
words.
(在短文的空格内填入合适的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：
Water
is
the
"life
blood"
of
our
earth.
It
is
in
every
living
thing.
It
is
in
the
air.
It
runs
through
mountains
and
valleys.
It
f
64
lakes
and
oceans(海洋).
Water
is
everywhere.
Nature
has
a
great
water
system
(体系).
Rain
water
finds
its
w
65
to
streams
(小溪)
and
rivers.
Rivers
lead
to
the
ocean.
At
the
mouths
of
the
rivers,
fresh
water
joins
the
s
66
water
of
the
ocean.
Here
at
the
mouth
of
a
river
there
is
much
important
plant
and
a
66
life.
P
67
destroys
this
life,
however.
We
have
to
clean
our
streams
and
rivers.
Man
has
to
work
with
nature
--
not
against
it.
