授课类型
T
U1-U3知识梳理
C
U4-U5查缺补漏
T
综合检测
教学内容
初一（牛津版）知识梳理
Unit
1
一、核心词汇
1.
guide
n.＆v.
(1)
guide作名词时，可以表示：
①导游：
②导游手册(相当于guidebook)
③指南：
(2)
guide作动词时，可以表示“为……领路，带领”的意思。如：
2.
tour
n.
旅行，旅游
【拓展】
tourist
n.
游客，旅游者
tour
v.
旅游，旅行，参观。
3.
reason
n.
原因，理由
【近义词】
cause
n.
原因，起因，缘故；理由
【拓展】
reasonable
adj.
合理的，明智的
4.
grand
adj.
（用于大建筑物等的名称）大的，宏伟的，宏大的
the
Grand
Canyon大峡谷
【拓展】
grand还有很多其他的含义，如：
(1)壮丽的，富丽堂皇的，重大的。
(2)宏大的，宏伟的，有气派的
5.
theatre
n.
剧院
【记忆链接】
go
to
the
theatre去看戏
6.
oriental
adj.
东方的
oriental一词常常用来表示“东方的”或“亚洲的”文明或事物。
【拓展】Orient
n.
东方
7.
century
n.
世纪
【拓展】
century
n.
百年
8.
technology
n.
科技；工艺；工程技术
【拓展】
technologist
n.
技术员；工艺师，（工程技术）专家
9.
sightseeing
n.
观光，游览
a
sightseeing
bus旅游车
a
sightseeing
tour观光旅游
【记忆链接】
go
sightseeing去观光
10.
view
n.
景色，风景
【拓展】
view作动词时，有如下含义。
(1)认为，以……看待
(2)看，望：。
view还可作名词时，有如下含义：
(1)(可数名词)
意见；观点
(2)(不可数名词)视野：
【拓展】
viewer
n.
电视观众
11.
therefore
adv.
因此，所以
指点迷津：therefore
与
so
两词同义，但词性不同：前者是副词，而后者是连词。在用法上举例如下：
It
rained.
Therefore,
we
didn't
have
the
match.
下雨了。因此我们没有举行比赛。
=It
rained,
so
we
didn't
have
the
match.
12.
surprising
adj.
令人惊奇的
【拓展】
surprise
v.使吃惊；使感到意外
surprise
n.
吃惊
surprised
adj.
感到惊讶的
二、语言点梳理
1.
take
part
in参加（活动）
指点迷津:
take
part
in
与join
两者都有“参加”的意思。take
part
in表示参加某项活动，而join表示参加或加入某种组织或团体。
Sally
will
take
part
in
the
100-metre-race
at
the
school
sports
meet.
莎莉将参加校运会上的100米赛跑。
He
joined
the
Party
ten
years
ago.
他10年前入党。
2.
get
on
with进展
此外，get
on
with还可以表示“与……相处”的意思。
How
are
you
getting
on
with
your
new
classmates?你和新同学相处得怎样？
常用get
on
well
with表示“与……相处融洽”。
Do
you
get
on
well
with
your
colleagues?你和同事们相处得好吗？
3.
be
famous
for以……而著名
4.
be
known
as以……而出名
5.
think
of想出
【拓展】
think
of还有“考虑”的意思。如：
1.
Kitty
and
her
classmates
have
just
been
to
Shanghai.
基蒂和她的同学刚去过上海。
have
been
to这个结构，表示“去过（某地）；到过（某地）”。
Simon
has
been
to
the
Beijing
Zoo
once.
西蒙曾去过一次北京动物园。
指点迷津：have
been
to,
have
been
in
与have
gone
to
have
been
to是指被谈论对象曾经去过某个地方，但现在已经回来了；have
been
in是指被谈论对象已经在某地待了一段时间，目前仍待在那里，还没有回来；have
gone
to是指被谈论对象去了某地，现在还没有回来。
I
have
been
to
Beijing.
我去过北京。（说明：我现在已不在北京了。）
I
have
been
in
Dalian
for
5
years.
我已经在大连待了五年了。（说明：我现在还在大连。）
-Where
is
he?
他在哪儿？
-He
has
gone
to
Beijing.
他去北京了。（说明：他的北京之行还未结束，人还没回来。）
2.
They
have
decided
to
take
part
in
a
competition.
他们决定要参加一个竞赛。
decide
to
do
something意为“决定做某事”，其否定形式为decide
not
to
do
something“决定不做某事”。
He
decided
to
attend
her
birthday
party.
他决定去参加她的生日派对。
I
decide
not
to
leave
Shanghai.
我决定不离开上海。
3.
Design
a
travel
guide设计一份旅游指南
design作动词时，意为“设计；画图样”。如：
He
designs
for
our
dress
department.
他在我们的服装部做设计。
Architects
design
buildings.
建筑师设计楼房。
design作名词时，意为‘‘设计；图样”。
She
attended
a
school
of
dress
design.
她就读于一所服装设计学校。
The
architect
showed
us
her
design
for
the
new
theatre.
那位建筑师给我们看她设计的新剧院的图样。
4.
It's
in
the
centre
of
Shanghai.
它位于上海中部。
in
the
centre
of意为“位于……的中部”。
in
the
centre
of强调与四周距离相等的中心位置，常用来指空间；in
the
middle
of强调两端之间的位置，并不强调中心，既可用于指空间，也可用于指时间。
There
is
a
square
in
the
centre
of
the
city.
城市中央有一个广场。（指中心位置）
There
is
a
big
hole
in
the
middle
of
the
road.
马路中间有个大洞。（指空间）
We
usually
have
lunch
in
the
middle
of
the
day.
我们通常在中午吃午饭。（指时间）
5.
It's
in
the
south
of
Shanghai.
它位于上海的南部。
in
the
south
of意为“位于……的南部”，强调在某一个范围之内。
指点迷津：in
the
south
of,
on
the
south
of与
(to
the)
south
of
A包含B
A与B接壤
A与B不相邻
B
is
in
the
south
of
A.
B
is
on
the
south
of
A.
B
is
(to
the)
south
of
A.
6.
Therefore,
it
is
not
surprising
that
many
tourists
come
to
visit
Shanghai
every
year
to
shop!因此，每年会有许多游客来上海购物也就不足为奇了！
这个句型中，主语it不是该句真正的主语而是“形式主语”，该句真正的主语是that引导的从句部分。我们把这类句子称为“主语从句”。我们经常会使用“It
is+形容词十that从句”的结构来表达对某事的看法。
It
is
wonderful
that
we
can
have
dinner
on
the
91st
floor
in
Shanghai
World
Financial
Centre.
能在上海世界金融中心第91层上用餐真是太棒了！
7.
If
you
go
there,
you
will
see
a
huge
open
area
with
green
grass,
trees,
fountains
and
pigeons.
如果你去那儿，你会看到一个大型的开放式绿草坪，还有树木、喷泉和鸽子。
(1)
连词if引导的条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句要遵循主、从句时态呼应规律，即主句用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时表将来。如：
I
won’t
go
there
with
you
if
he
goes,
too,
tomorrow.
如果明天他去的话，我就不和你一起去那儿了。
Firemen
will
have
no
water
to
put
out
fires
if
there
is
no
rain.
如果天不下雨，消防队员将会没有水灭火。
此外，主句也可以使用祈使句或含有情态动词（can，may，must等）的句子。如：
Have
a
good
rest
if
you
are
tired.
如果累了，你就好好休息一下吧。
You
must
see
the
doctor
if
you
are
ill.
如果你生病了，就必须去看医生。
大多数情况下，从句可以位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。不过从句在前时，主、从句之间必须用逗号隔开。
Please
tell
me
if
he
comes
back.
如果他回来了，请告诉我一声。
=If
he
comes
back,
please
tell
me.
(2)
a
huge
open
area意为“一个大型的开放式区域”。
8.
The
Maglev
takes
you
to
the
International
airport
in
about
eight
minutes.
磁悬浮列车可以在大约八分钟之内将你带到国际机场。
(1)
take
somebody
to
some
place是“将某人带到某地”的意思。
The
father
takes
his
son
to
the
park
nearly
every
weekend.
这个父亲几乎每个周末都带儿子去公园。
(2)
“in十一段时间”的结构有两种含义：
①
表示“在一段时间之内”，句子常用一般现在时或一般过去时。如：
There
was
once
an
artist.
He
could
draw
a
beautiful
horse
in
five
minutes.
从前有一个画家。他可以在五分钟之内画出一匹骏马。
②
表示“在一段时间之后”，句子常用一般将来时。如：
What
will
you
be
like
in
10
years'
time?
10年后你将会是什么样子?
【随堂小练】
I.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
words
in
their
proper
forms.
Shanghai
is
an
city.
(interest)
We
can
read
books
in
the
library.(difference)
She
has
to
live
in
Canada.
(decision)
He
will
take
part
in
a
maths
next
week.
(compete)
Look,
so
many
(visit)from
other
countries
are
at
the
People's
Square.
Unit
2
一、核心词汇
1.
stupid
adj.
愚蠢的，笨的
【近义词】
foolish
adj.
愚蠢的，鲁莽的
silly
adj.
傻的，愚蠢的
2.
action
n.
动作
【拓展】
act
v.行动
3.
robber
n.
盗贼
【拓展】
rob
v.
抢劫
robbery
n.
抢劫案
【近义词】
thief
n.
贼，小偷
4.
hate
v.
讨厌，不喜欢
【拓展】
hate
to
do
something=hate
doing
something讨厌做某事
【近义词】
dislike
v.
不喜欢
【反义词】
like
v.喜欢
love
v.
爱，喜欢
5.
adventure
n.
冒险，奇遇
【链接】
What
an
adventure!啊呀，真险！
6.
princess
n.
公主
7.
prince
n.
王子
8.
duration
n.
持续时间
9.
laughter
n.
笑，笑声
【拓展】
laugh
v.大笑，发笑
10.
cowboy
n.
牛仔
11.
diary
n.（工作日程）记事簿
12.
pay
v.付费
【拓展】
pay
n.
工资，报酬：The
workers
ask
for
higher
pay.
工人们要求提高工资。
13.
altogether
adv.总共，一共
【近义词】
in
all总共，全部
14.
price
n.
价格
What
is
the
price
of
this
pair
of
trousers?
这条裤子多少钱？
=
How
much
is
this
pair
of
trousers?或How
much
does
this
pair
of
trousers
cost?
【拓展】
precious
adj.
高价的，昂贵的，贵重的，宝贵的
15.
avenue
n.
大街
指点迷津:
avenue,
street,
road,
lane
和way
avenue指“宽敞的大路或街道，通常是城镇两边有树的、通往较大建筑的大街”，street指“城镇里较窄、短的重要的街道，两旁多有建筑物”；road指“较长、宽的路，通常是行驶车辆，且穿过城镇或连接其他城镇的道路”；lane指“乡间的小路或城镇里狭窄的胡同、街道”；way指“通向某一处的道路”。
16.
bookshop
n.
书店
【近义词】
bookstore
n.
书店
17.
route
n.
路线
与route搭配的形容词多用long或short，而不用far或close。
二、语言点梳理
1.
take
a
look意为“看一看”。
与have
a
look意思相同，可以互换。take/have
a
look比look
at更口语化。
2.
(be)full
of意为“充满；挤满”。
【近义词】
be
filled
with
The
bottle
is
full
of
water.
瓶子里装满了水。
The
bottle
is
filled
with
water.
瓶子里装满了水。
3.
pay
for意为“为……付钱”。
指点迷津:
spend,
cost,
take,
pay
和pay
for
(1)
spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱、精力、时间等，其后用on+名词或用in(可省略)+动名词形式，不可接不定式。如：
He
spends
much
money
on
DVDs.
他将很多钱花在买光盘上。
Every
morning
he
spends
half
an
hour
on
English.
每天早晨，他花半小时读英语。句中on
English可与(in)
reading
English互换。
(2)
cost的主语必须是“物”
或“事”，表示“费用，耗费”，后接life，money，health，time等，侧重于花费的代价。如：
The
key
ring
cost
him
one
dollar.这个钥匙环花了他一美元。
The
experiment
cost
him
two
years
of
work.
这个实验花了他两年的功夫。
(3)
take表示“花费”时，其主语一般是“一件事”，有时主语也可以是“人”，它说明完成某事“花费了……”。如：
It
took
me
ten
minutes
to
walk
to
the
post
office.
步行到邮局花了我十分钟时间。
The
producer
took
two
years
to
make
the
film.
制片商花了两年时间完成这部影片。
【友情提示】
“take…to
do
something"句型侧重完成该动作花费的时间，而“spend…doing
something”句型有时并不说明动作的完成。如：
It
took
him
an
hour
to
read
the
book．他用一小时读完了这本书。
He
spent
an
hour
(in)
reading
the
book．他花了一小时读这本书。（并未说明他是否读完了）
(4)
pay的基本意思是“支付”，作为及物动词，宾语可以是“人”或“钱”。如：
He
paid
the
taxi
and
hurried
home.
他付了出租车的钱，就急忙进了家门。
They
had
to
pay
two
hundred
yuan
before
leaving
the
place.
离开这个地方之前他们不得不付了两百元。
We'll
pay
you
in
a
few
days.
过几天我们会付钱给你。
(5)
pay
for的宾语为“物”或“事”，for常常表示支付的原因。如：
You'll
have
to
pay
me
70
yuan
a
week
for
your
meals.
你每周得付给我70元餐费。
【注意】
下面两句中pay
for的意义不同。
Of
course
we
have
to
pay
for
what
we
buy.
我们买东西当然得付钱。
Don't
worry
about
money;
I'll
pay
for
you.
别担心钱的问题，我会替你付的。
1.
I
like
funny
films
very
much.
我很喜欢喜剧片。
very
much是“很；非常”的意思，常放在句末用来修饰句中的动词，本例中very
much用于修饰动词like。
指点迷津：very,
much
和very
much
(1)
very主要修饰形容词或副词。
The
lady
is
very
elegant.
那位女士很优雅。
He
did
it
very
carefully.
这事他做得很仔细。
【友情提示】
修饰副词too(表示“大……”的意思时)，要用much，不能用very。
He
is
much
too
busy
to
see
you.
他大忙而不能见你。
(2)
much主要修饰动词，而且除非其前有very,
too,
so等修饰语，它只用于否定句和疑问句。
She
doesn't
like
him
much.
她不太喜欢他。
Does
she
like
him
much?
她很喜欢他吗？
另外，much除修饰动词外，还可修饰形容词比较级。
It
is
much
colder
today.
今天冷多了。
2.
It's
an
action
film
and
it's
very
exciting.
它是一部动作片，非常紧张刺激。
action
film是指“动作片；武打片”。常见的电影类别还有：love
story(爱情电影)，cartoon(卡通片)，exciting
film(惊险片)，cowboy
story(西部片，特指牛仔电影)，horror
story(恐怖片)，police
story(警匪片)，documentary(纪录片)等。
3.
It's
about
the
adventures
of
some
astronauts
in
space.
这是一部有关太空中宇航员冒险经历的电影。
in
space表示“在太空中”的意思。
指点迷津:
in
space
和in
the
space
(1)
in
space指“在宇宙中；在太空中”。
There
are
many
different
kinds
of
stars
in
space.
宇宙中有许多不同种类的星体。
(2)
in
the
space表示“在……空间里”。
We
can
put
nothing
in
the
space
between
these
two
desks.
这两个课桌之间的空间已经不允许我们放任何东西了。
4.
Don't
miss
this
cartoon.
不要错过这部卡通片。
miss是个多义词，在本句中作动词，是“错过”的意思。
Hurry
up,
or
you
will
miss
the
early
bus.
快点！否则你会误了早班车。
此外，miss还有“想念，思念”的意思。
I
miss
my
family
every
night.
我每天晚上都想念我的家人。
5.
A
film
about
cowboys
in
a
small
town
far
away.
一部关于一群生活在偏远小镇上的牛仔的电影。
far
away在这里是一个副词短语，意为“遥远”，常置于句末作地点状语。
Christmas
is
a
time
for
friends
and
family
members
to
see
each
other
again
and
to
send
Christmas
cards
to
those
who
live
far
away.
圣诞节时，朋友家人会聚会，还会寄圣诞卡给远方的人。
6.
How
can
I
get
there
from
my
home?从我家怎么去那里呢？
这是问路的常用语。用于问路的句子还有：
Where
is
the
post
office?邮局在哪儿？
How
can
I
get
to
the
post
office?到邮局怎么走？
Could/Can
you
tell
me
the
way
to
the
post
office?你可以告诉我去邮局的路吗？
【随堂小练】
I.
Choose
the
right
word
to
complete
the
sentence.
Peter
and
Jill
want
to
a
film.
(watch/see)
They
would
like
the
love
story.
(to
read/read)
Lily
hates
the
piano
for
a
long
time.
(to
play/playing)
It
is
a
film
the
police.
(
about/of)
What
about
(have/having)a
picnic
with
Class
Two
this
afternoon?
Unit
3
一、核心词汇
1.
since
prep.
从……以来；自从
I
haven’t
seen
him
since
August,
19th,
2007.
自从2007年8月19日我就没有再见过他。
指点迷津:
since
与
for
(1)
since用来指时间点，意指“从那时起到所指的时刻”。它常常和现在完成时连用。
He
has
been
here
since
Monday.
从星期一开始，他一直在这里。（从星期一到现在）
since也可以是时间连词，后接一个表示时间点的时间状语从句。
He
has
worked
for
us
ever
since
he
left
school.
他离开学校以后就一直为我们工作。
It
has
been
two
years
since
I
last
saw
Tom.
从我最后一次见汤姆到现在，已经有两年了。
相当于：I
last
saw
Tom
two
years
ago.
我最后一次见汤姆是在两年前。
I
haven't
seen
Tom
for
two
years.
我已经有两年没见过汤姆了。
(2)
for用来表示一段时间。如：for
six
years六年之久，for
two
months有两个月。
for十一段时间也可以与现在完成时连用，表示动作延续到说话的那一时刻。
He
has
worked
here
for
a
year.
他在这里工作已经有一年了。（一年前他就开始在这里工作并仍在这里工作。）
此时的“for十一段时间”也可以用“since+行动开始的那一刻”来代替。
He
has
worked
here
since
this
time
last
year.他从去年的这个时候起就在这里工作了。
2.
quite
adv.
相当；十分
Ann
is
quite
pretty.安长得很漂亮。
I
quite
like
watching
volleyball
games.
我很喜欢看排球比赛。
指点迷津:
fairly,
quite,
rather,
pretty
与very
(1)这几个副词都可表示程度，fairly语气最轻，尽管经常与褒义词连用，但由于语气较弱，往往不带明显的恭维或赞赏，通常译为“还算；相当”。比如说某部电影fairly
good，指的可能是勉强过得去。
(2)
quite语气稍重，意为“颇；相当”。比如说某部电影quite
good，指的是这部电影相当不错，虽不是最好，但至少值得看。
(3)
rather或pretty在语气上又稍重一点，意为“十分，相当”，但pretty不如rather正式。比如说某部电影rather/pretty
good，指的是这部电影相当不错，语气比较重，意指要高出一般水平或出乎意料的好。两者均可与褒义或贬义形容词连用。与褒义词连用，表示一种愉快的心情；与贬义或中性词连用，表示一种不赞成或不满意的心情。
(4)
very语气最强，意为“很；非常”。比如说某部电影very
good，指的是这部电影很不错，算得上是精品之作。
以上几个副词按语气的轻重排序是：fairly→quite→rather/pretty→very。
She
looked
rather/quite
nervous.
她显得相当紧张。
It's
a
very
interesting
book.
它是一本很有趣的书。
She
looked
rather/quite
disappointed
about
it.
她对此显得相当失望。
3.
machine
n.
机器；机器装置
【拓展】
machinery
n.（集合名词）机器：机械：机件
mechanic
n.
机工，技工，机械师
4.
waiter
n.
服务员；侍者
【拓展】
wait
v.
等待：等候
waitress
n.
女侍者；女服务员
5.
coach
n.（体育运动的）教练
【拓展】
coach
v.
训练；指导
6.
train
v.
训练，培训
【拓展】
trainer
n.
训练员；教员，教练员
trainee
n.
受训练的人
7.
charge
n.
主管，掌管
8.
field
n.
田地
【友情提示】
field还有“场地”的意思。如：sports
field运动场。
9.
key
n.
钥匙
【拓展】
key是一个多义词，作名词时还有如下含义：
(1)关键；要诀：
(2)答案：
(3)（计算机或打字机的）键：
key还可作形容词，意为“主要的；关键的”。
10.
ring
n.
小环；小圈
【拓展】
wedding
ring结婚戒指
ear
ring耳环
11.
cable
n.
缆绳
【拓展】
cable
n.
电报
12.
fantastic
adj.
极好的
二、语言点梳理
1.
quite
a
few相当多；不少
I
have
been
in
Shanghai
for
quite
a
few
years.
我在上海已经待了很多年了。
quite
a
few是“相当多，不少”，与many意思相近，用于修饰可数名词的复数形式。
Quite
a
few
people
came
to
the
lecture.
有相当多的人来听演讲。
He
has
quite
a
few
friends.
他有不少朋友。
修饰不可数名词时，应用quite
a
little(相当多；不少)。
There
is
quite
a
little
rice
left
in
the
bag.
米袋里还剩下不少大米。
quite
a
little与much意思相近。
2.
in
charge
of负责掌管
【拓展】
take
charge
of负责；照管；监理，担任
3.
tell
the
time报时
4.
have
a
good
time过得愉快
have
a
good
time与enjoy
oneself(greatly)“过得愉快，玩得高兴”意思相近。
也常用have
a
great/nice
time等表示“玩得很高兴，过得很愉快”的意思。
1.
Kitty's
cousins,
Lucy
and
Simon,
have
come
to
Garden
City
to
visit
the
Li
family.
基蒂的堂妹露西和堂弟西蒙到花园城市去拜访李先生一家人。
在这个句子中，现在完成时用于表示动作已经发生（但并不追究动作发生的具体时间），并对现在产生一定的影响（即目前露西和西蒙已经在Garden
City了）。
I’ve
lost
my
passport.
我把护照丢了。（其含义是：I
can't
find
my
passport
now.）
-Where's
Linda?琳达在哪儿呢？
-She’s
gone
to
bed.
她去睡觉了。（其含义是：She
is
in
bed
now.）
We've
bought
a
new
car.
我们买了一辆新车。（其含义是：We
have
a
new
car
and
can
use
it
now.）
2.
How
long
has
she
been
a
teacher?她当老师多久了？
She
has
been
a
teacher
since
1997.
她从1997年开始当老师的。
上述两个句子也使用了现在完成时。本例中的现在完成时用于表示某个动作发生的起点在过去，这个动作一直持续到现在，并还有可能持续下去。这样的句子通常会加上for或since引导的时间状语。如：
He
has
been
a
teacher
here
since
1981.
他自1981年起就在这儿当老师了。（可能还要继续在这儿教很多年）
I
have't
seen
her
for
four
years.
我有四年没见到她了。
【友情提示】
如果句子中的谓语表示持续的动作含义，现在完成时结构中的动词需使用持续性动词，而不可使用短暂性动词。试比较：
【正】
I
have
been
in
the
club
for
three
years.
我加入这个俱乐部已经有三年了。
【误】
I
have
joined
the
club
for
three
years.
(join是短暂性动词)
for和since是现在完成时中常见的两个引导时间状语的词。表示时间的for不能用于以all开头的短语前。如：
They've
worked
all
day.
他们已干了整整一天。
总之，我们应当记住：for后接“时间段”，since后接“时间点”。
3.
He
catches
thieves
and
helps
keep
the
city
safe.
他抓捕小偷、保卫城市的安全。
"keep+名词+形容词”的结构常用来表示‘使……保持某种状态”的意思。
We
should
try
to
keep
the
environment
clean.
我们应当尽力保持环境卫生。
Would
you
please
keep
your
room
tidy,
Ben?本，你能不能让自己的房间保持整洁？
4.
Aunt
Betty
works
in
a
company
in
Beijing,
doesn't
she?贝蒂婶婶在北京的一家公司工作，不是吗？
这是一个反意疑问句。反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一，它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句构成。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是：陈述句+逗号+助动词/be动词/情态动词（肯定或否定形式）+主语。
She
often
has
lunch
at
school,
doesn't
she?她经常在学校吃午饭，不是吗？
You
don't
like
sports,
do
you?你不喜欢体育运动，是吗？
5.
A
watch
is
used
for
telling
the
time.
手表是用来报时的。
We
use
a
watch
for
telling
the
time.
我们用手表来报时。①
A
watch
is
used
for
telling
the
time.
手表是用来报时的。②
(1)我们把句子①的结构称为“主动语态”，把句子②的结构称为“被动语态”。主动语态句的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态句的主语是动作的承受者。被动语态的基本结构是“be+动词的过去分词”。be
used
for的结构表达“被用来……”的意思，后接动词的-ing形式。
Chopsticks
are
used
for
eating
food.
筷子是用来吃饭的。
类似的用法还有be
used
by“被……使用”，be
used
as“被……用作”。
A
knife
is
used
for
cutting
things.
刀是用来切东西的。
The
building
was
used
as
a
shelter
for
homeless
people.那座楼房用来收容无家可归的人。
(2)
tell
the
time意为“报时”。
Little
Mary
can
now
tell
the
time.
小玛丽现在会认时间了。
6.
A
key
ring
is
used
for
holding
the
keys.
钥匙圈是用来挂钥匙的。
hold有“拿着；抓住；夹着”的意思。hold在句中作及物动词时，有以下意义和用法：
(1)
握；抓住；拿住。如：She
is
holding
up
an
umbrella.
她正打着伞。
He
held
me
by
the
sleeve.
他抓着我的袖子。
Hold
the
line.
（打电话用语）稍等／别挂断。
(2)容纳；装着。如：The
hall
can
hold
1,000
people.
这个大厅能容纳1000人。
(3)拥有；占有。如：I
held
the
job
for
two
years.
这工作我干了两年。
(4)举行（会议等）。如：The
Olympic
Games
are
held
every
four
years.
奥运会每四年举办一次。
(5)与hold相关的词组：
hold
back意为“阻碍，阻止”。
hold
on意为“等待，不要挂断电话”等。
hold
up意为“举起；抬起，耽搁”。
7.
Yesterday,
we
took
the
cable
car
to
the
top
of
a
hill.
昨天，我们乘缆车去了山顶。
the
top
of意为“……的顶部”，常用于at
the
top
of(在……的顶部)等短语中。
We
can
have
a
nice
view
from
the
top
of
the
mountain.
从山顶上往下看，我们可以欣赏到不错的景色。
She
is
screaming
at
the
top
of
her
voice.
她正在声嘶力竭地尖叫。
【随堂小练】
I.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
words
in
their
proper
forms.
My
mother
is
a
in
No.
1
Middle
School.
(teach)
There
are
a
lot
of
top
coming
to
Shanghai
this
year.
(design)
Look,
two
are
walking
in
the
street.
(policeman)
The
police
caught
the
two
at
last.
(thief)
The
teacher
tells
us
something
about
road
.
(
safe)
My
father
has
been
an
for
ten
years.
(engine)
Tourists
can
go
to
Beijing
to
see
many
old
(build).
They
have
moved
on
the
floor
in
that
high
rise.
(twelve)
We
have
many
different
in
our
housing
estate.
(job)
10.
Thousands
of
come
to
London
for
sightseeing
and
shopping
every
year.
(visit)
Unit
4
一、核心词汇
1.
anything
pron.
任何东西
【友情提示】
anything表示“某事；某物”，修饰anything的形容词应置于其后。anything多用于否定句、疑问句；也可表示“任何事；任何东西”，主要用于肯定句（有时也可用于其他句型）。
2.
jeans
n.
牛仔裤
【友情提示】
在英语中，表示“裤子”的词通常都使用复数。如：trousers（长裤），pants（裤子），shorts（短裤）等。
3.
myself
pron.
我自己
4.
kid
n.
小孩
【友情提示】
kid为口语，书面语中应使用child。
【拓展】
kid
v.
开玩笑；欺骗：I'm
not
kidding.
我没开玩笑。
5.
fashion
n.
时尚；流行
【拓展】
fashion
n.
时装
fashionable
adj.
时髦的；流行的；时兴的
She
often
wears
a
fashionable
hat.
她常戴一顶时髦的帽子。
6.
super
adj.
超级的
【拓展】
supermarket
n.
超级市场
superman
n.
超人
【友情提示】
super没有比较级和最高级。
7.
spot
n.
斑点；点
【拓展】
spotless
adj.
纯洁的；没有污点的；无瑕疵的
8.
neck
n.
衣领；领子
指点迷津:
neck
与
collar
这两个词在中文中虽然都有“衣领”的意思，但collar指的是有领服装的衣领，而neck指的是无领服装的领圈。此外，neck还可以指“脖子”，但collar无此意。
9.
check
n.
方格图案；格子；方格
【拓展】
check
v.
核对，检查
check
n.
支票
10.
excuse
v.原谅
【拓展】
excuse
n.
理由；借口
11.
certainly
adv.当然；行
【近义词】
surely
adv.
无疑；必定
【反义词】
doubtfully
adv.
怀疑地；含糊地
【拓展】
certain
adj.
确定的；无疑的；必然的
12.
loose
adj.
宽松的
【反义词】
tight
adj.
紧身的；紧的
【拓展】
loosen
v.
放松；使松弛
13.
tight
adj.
紧身的；紧的
【拓展】
tighten
v.
收紧；拉紧
14.
medium
adj.
中等的；中号的
【友情提示】
服装的尺寸大小依次是：extra-small(特小号，XS)，small(小号，S)，medium(中号，M)，large(大号，L)，extra-large(特大号，XL)。
二、语言点梳理
1.
all
right意为“好的”，与OK意思相近。
指点迷津：all
right,
that’s
all
right,
I’m
all
right
与that’s
right
(1)
all
right表示“好；没有问题”，相当于OK，sure或“course，用于表示赞同别人的建议或者回应别人的问题。
-Shall
we
watch
TV
now?我们现在看电视好吗？
-All
right.
好啊！
当all
right用于问句中则表示“可以吗？”的意思。
Let's
begin
our
class.
All
right?我们开始上课，可以吗？
(2)
that’s
all
right表示“没关系；别客气”，当别人对你表示“感谢”或“抱歉”时都可以使用。
-Thank
you
for
helping
me
solve
that
problem.
谢谢你帮我解决那个问题。
-That's
all
right.
别客气。
-I’m
sorry
to
keep
you
waiting
for
so
long.
对不起，让你久等了。
-That's
all
right.
没关系。
(3)
I'm
all
right表示I'm
fine/well的意思，指“本人身体好”。
-How
are
you
doing
these
days?
你最近好吗？
-I’m
all
right.
我很好啊。
(4)
that's
right表示“那是对的；那是正确的”。
-Miss
Lin,
is
the
answer
5?
林老师，答案是5吗？
-Yes,
that's
right.
是的，答案正确。
2.
excuse
me是常用短语，意为“劳驾；请原谅”。
Excuse
me,
what
time
is
it?
劳驾，现在几点了？
Excuse
me
for
being
late.
原谅我迟到了。
指点迷津:
excuse
me
和I’m
sorry
excuse
me和I'm
sorry(可省略为sorry)虽然都可译为“请原谅；对不起”，但它们的使用场合并不完全相同。
(1)
excuse
me的适用场合：
a)向人问路时。
Excuse
me,
which
is
the
way
to
Rose
Garden
School?请问，到玫瑰花园学校怎么走？
b)因失礼而请求别人原谅时。如：
Excuse
me,
I'm
late.请原谅，我来迟了。
c)请求许可时。
Excuse
me,
may
I
look
at
that
book?对不起，我可以看看那本书吗？
d)客气地纠正别人的话时。
Excuse
me,
but
I
don't
think
you
are
right.
对不起，但我认为你是不对的。
e)在席间或聚会场合中需离开片刻时。
Excuse
me,
a
while/just
a
moment.
对不起，我离开一会儿。/对不起，我失陪一下。
回答别人说的excuse
me时，可用That's
all
right.
/Certainly.
/Never
mind.
等。
(2)
I'm
sorry(sorry)的使用场合：
a)当自己要说的话或要做的事可能引起对方不快时。
I'm
sorry,
but
I
don't
think
I
know
you.
对不起，我想我不认识你。
b)当自己无法帮对方的忙时。
Sorry,
I
don’t
know.
对不起，我不知道。
c)当自己无法做某事时。
Sorry,
I
can't
be
there
so
early.
对不起，我不能这么早到那儿。
d)当自己说错了话或做错了事以后。
I'm
very
sorry,
Tom.
I
take
back
what
I
said.
很对不起，汤姆，我收回说过的话。
e)当自己听到别人的不幸消息时。
I’m
sorry
to
hear
that.
听到那个消息我很难过。
I’m
sorry后可跟“介词for+动名词”结构、动词不定式或宾语从句。
I’m
sorry
for
having
kept
you
waiting
so
long.
真对不起，让你久等了。
相当于：I’
m
sorry
to
have
kept
you
waiting
so
long.
回答别人说的I’m
sorry时，常用：It’s
all
right.
/That’
s
all
right.
/That's
OK.
/
It
doesn't
matter.
1.
Do
you
need
anything
from
the
shops?你们需要买些什么吗？
本句中的need是实义动词，作及物动词使用，后直接接名词或代词，表示“需要某物”。
Do
you
need
any
help?你需要什么帮助吗？
2.
All
right.
Alice,
let
me
buy
you
a
pair
of
jeans.
好的。艾丽斯，我给你买一条牛仔裤。
let
somebody
do
something是“让某人做某事”的意思。let后接动词不定式时省略to。
She
lets
her
children
play
in
the
garden.
她让孩子们在花园里玩。
3.
We
don't
need
to
buy
anything
there.
我们不需要在那儿买任何东西。
not
need
to是“不用；不必”的意思，后接动词原形。这里的need是实义动词，该结构是need
to的否定形式。
You
don't
need
to
put
it
on
top
of
the
shelf.
你不用把它放在架子顶上。
4.
I
like
the
ones
with
the
blue
belt.
我喜欢配蓝色腰带的牛仔裤。
I
like
the
one
with
the
short
sleeves.
我喜欢短袖衬衫。
one和ones是不定代词，由于其经常用来替代前文中已经提到过的事物，因此又常常被称为替代词。替代词one和ones的主要用法和注意事项：
(1)
one只能替代单数名词，ones只能替代复数名词。
The
child
doesn't
like
this
book.
Show
her
a
more
interesting
one.
这孩子不喜欢这本书，给她看一本更有趣的吧。(one指代单数名词book)
I
don't
want
these
green
peppers.
Have
you
got
any
red
ones?
我不要这些青椒。你有红椒吗？(ones指代复数名词peppers)
(2)
one或ones必须带有一个限定或修饰词，它们和所替代的名词中心词不一定是指同一对象，这是替代词one或ones在用法上的一个重要特征。
I
don’t
like
this
skirt.
I’d
like
a
more
beautiful
one.
我不喜欢这条短裙，我想要一条更好看的。(more
beautiful是one的修饰词，但并不是指先前的那条短裙)
(3)
当one或ones带有后置修饰语时，它们前面一定有定冠词the。
Our
new
CD
player
is
more
expensive
than
the
one
we
had
before.
我们的新CD播放机比以前的那个更贵。
(we
had
before是one的后置修饰语，one前的定冠词the不能缺失)
(4)
当one或ones在形容词比较级、最高级以及某些限定词如this,
that,
which和序数词等之后，可以省略。
This
book
is
much
better
than
that(one).
这本书比那本书要好得多。
(5)
one或ones通常不用在形容词性物主代词和名词所有格之后。如不可说my
one(s),
your
one(s),
Peter's
one(s)等。one或ones也不能用在形容词own(自己的)之后。但是，如果有了形容词，one(s)可以和形容词性物主代词及名词所有格连用。
My
cheap
camera
seems
to
be
just
as
good
as
John's
expensive
one.
我那部便宜的照相机似乎和约翰那部昂贵的相机一样好用。(John’
s后有形容词expensive，所以需加上替代词one)
(6)
one作替代词时，在of前面不能用the
one来表示所属关系。如：
他放下自己的枪，把亨利的拿了起来。
【误】
He
put
down
his
gun
and
picked
up
the
one
of
Henry.
【正】
He
put
down
his
gun
and
picked
up
Henry's.
(7)
如果one不带任何前置修饰语，即它的前面既没有限定词，又没有形容词时，它便不是替代名词词组的中心词，而是替代整个名词词组。这时，one=a+单数名词。
A
cake
made
of
wheat
costs
less
than
one
made
of
rice.
面粉蛋糕要比米粉蛋糕便宜。(one=a
cake)
one的这种用法是泛指同类事物中的任何一个，因此它没有复数形式。要泛指复数事物时，只能用some。
Here
are
a
few
apples.
Would
you
like
some?
这儿有一些苹果。你要来几个吗？(some=some
of
the
apples)
5.
The
changing
rooms
are
over
there.
试衣间在那边。
over
there意为“在那边”，是常见的地点状语。
I
put
the
computer
over
there
at
your
suggestion.
根据你的建议，我把电脑放在那边了。
6.
Are
they
OK?这条裤子合身吗？
这个句子是典型的口语说法，意为Do
they
fit
you
well?（它们合身吗？）。
这里的代词they指代上文所提到的the
jeans。
如要说“这件衬衫合身吗？”，我们可以说：Is
this
shirt
OK?(=Does
this
shirt
fit
you
well?)
7.
These
jeans
are
too
long
and
loose.
这条牛仔裤太长、太宽松了。
these
jeans在本句中指“一条牛仔裤”。口语中很少说this
pair
of
jeans。又如，口语中常说I
wear
glasses（我戴眼镜），而很少说I
wear
a
pair
of
glasses。
使用时要注意谓语动词的单复数形式。
These
jeans
are
too
long.
这条牛仔裤太长了。（主语是jeans，谓语动词用复数形式）
This
pair
of
jeans
is
too
long.
这条牛仔裤太长了。
（主语是this
pair
of
jeans,
pair为单数，故把整个句子的主语视作单数）
This
pair
of
gloves
costs
50
yuan.
这副手套花了50元。
These
gloves
cost
50
yuan.
这副手套花了50元。
8.
Do
you
have
them
in
my
size?你们这里有我穿的尺寸吗？
in
one's
size意为“某人穿的尺寸”。
【友情提示】
对尺寸提问时，要用疑问词what。
What
size
do
you
want?你想要什么尺寸的？
【随堂小练】
I.
Choose
the
right
word
to
complete
the
sentence.
1.
Would
you
like
(come/to
come)my
home
this
afternoon?
2.
shop
are
you
going
to,
Mum?
(Where/Which)
3.
Do
you
need
from
the
shops?
(something/anything)
4.
I
need
to
buy
a
computer
book
(to/for)my
dad.
5.
My
mother
needs
to
buy
some
food
for
dinner
tonight.
(also/too)
Unit
5
一、核心词汇
1.
wife
n.
妻子
复数形式为wives
【对应词】
husband
n.
丈夫
【拓展】
housewife
n.
家庭主妇(pl.
housewives)
2.
hut
n.
小屋
【拓展】
Pizza
Hut必胜客
3.
fairy
n.
仙子；小精灵
【拓展】
fairy
adj.
幻想中的；虚构的
fairy
tale童话故事
4.
hard-working
adj.
工作努力的；辛勤的
5.
although
conj.
虽然；尽管；即使
【拓展】
though
conj.
虽然；尽管；即使
指点迷津：although
与though
是一个“关联词”，相当于汉语中的“虽然……，但是……”，用来引导让步状语从句。although比though更为正式。如：
Although/Though
the
sun
was
shining,
I
took
an
umbrella
in
case.
虽然太阳普照大地，我还是带了把雨伞以防万一。
We
lost
the
game
although/though
we
tried
our
best.
尽管已经尽了最大的努力，但我们还是输了比赛。
Although与though所引导的从句均可使用省略句。
Though
very
intelligent,
she
is
still
rather
modest.
尽管天资聪慧，她还是很谦虚。(though后省略了she
is)
Although
in
pain,
she
didn't
cry.
虽然被疼痛折磨，她却没有哭。(although后省略了she
was)
【友情提示】
although和though均不能与连词but出现于同一个句子中。如：虽然下着雨，但我们还是去了那儿。
Though/Although
it
was
raining,
we
went
there.(√)
It
was
raining,
but
we
went
there.(√)
Though/Although
it
was
raining,.but
we
went
there.(X)
但有时为了强调,
although和though均可与still,
yet等副词连用。
Though
she
said
she
would
be
late,
yet
she
arrived
on
time.
她说她会迟到，但后来却准时到了。
Although
he
was
very
tired,
he
still
kept
on
working.
虽然很疲倦了，但他仍在继续工作。
6.
earn
v.挣得；挣钱
7.
comfortable
adj.
舒服的
【拓展】
comfortably
adv.
舒服地
【反义词】
uncomfortable
adj.
不舒服的；不安的；不自在的
8.
reply
v.
回答
【拓展】
reply
n.
回答；答复：I
had
no
reply
to
my
letter.
我没收到回信。
指点迷津：answer
与reply
answer和reply都表示“回答”，均可作名词和动词。answer为一般用语；reply的用法较正式，多用于对问题作出解释、辩论或陈述性回答。两者作名词时都可与to连用，指“……的答案或答复”。
Answer
this
question.
回答这个问题。
I
asked
her
the
reason,
but
she
didn't
reply.
我问她原因，她却没有回答。
I
received
no
reply/answer
to
my
request.
我的要求没有得到任何答复。
answer后面可直接跟宾语，而reply后跟宾语时须与to连用；answer可表示对电话、敲门等作出应答，而reply则没有这个用法。
You
must
reply
to/answer
this
letter
right
away.
你必须马上回复这封信。
Who
answered
the
telephone?
谁接的电话？
如果是指练习题的“答案”，一般用answer。
The
answer
to
6×10
is
60.
6乘以10的答案是60。
9.
greedy
adj.
贪婪的
【拓展】
greed
n.
贪婪；贪欲
greedily
adv.贪食地；贪婪地
10.
happiness
n.
幸福
【拓展】
happy
adj.
快乐的，幸福的
happily
adv.
快乐地，愉快地
【反义词】
unhappiness
n.
忧愁；苦恼
11.
forever
adv.
永远
12.
disappear
v.
消失
【反义词】appear
v.
出现：The
famous
singer
is
appearing
at
the
Music
Festival.
这位著名的歌手将在音乐节上亮相。
13.
vote
v.
投票，表决；选举
【拓展】
voter
n.
投票人；选举人
14.
pocket
n.
口袋
【拓展】
pocket
adj.
微型的；袖珍的
二、语言点梳理
1.
learn
from向……学习
2.
vote
for表决（支持）；投票（赞成）
3.
give
up放弃
“放弃某事”可以说give
up
something，但如果something的地方用代词it或them时，则须用give
it/them
up。
1.
Long
ago,
there
was
a
poor
farmer
called
Fred.
很久以前，有一个名叫弗莱德的农夫。
long
ago意为“很久以前”。
Long
ago,
very
huge
animals
lived
on
the
Earth.
很久以前，地球上生活着巨型动物。
我们还常常用long,
long
ago(很久很久以前),
once
upon
a
time(从前)等短语开始讲述很久以前发生的事情。
Long,
long
ago,
there
lived
a
king.
很久很久以前，有一个国王。
Once
upon
a
time,
there
was
a
farmer
living
in
a
large
forest.
从前，有个农夫住在大森林里。
2.
One
winter
night,
the
Luck
Fairy
visited
them.
一个冬天的晚上，幸运女神来到了他们家。
one
winter
night意为“一个冬天的晚上”。在类似的短语前，不可用介词。
One
summer
morning,
a
thief
broke
into
a
small
house.
一个夏日的早晨，有个小偷闯入了一幢小屋。
3.
I
wish
you
happiness
and
health
forever.
我祝你们永远幸福安康。
“wish+somebody+名词”用来表达自己对别人的祝愿。
I
wish
you
good
luck
forever.
我祝你永远好运。
wish也可以作名词，意为“愿望；希望”，如课本第32页的故事中有如下句子：
I’d
like
to
give
you
three
wishes.
我想帮你们实现三个愿望。
4.
Who
do
you
think
is
a
model
student?你们认为谁是模范学生呢？
这个句子可以用来就如下画线部分提问：
I
think
Mary
is
a
model
student.
【友情提示】
如上例所示，若画线部分的内容位于I
think后的宾语从句中，在提问时要注意将疑问词置于句首，并将I
think改为do
you
think，宾语从句的其他部分照抄，顺序不变。
-Where
do
you
think
Mary
lives?你认为玛丽住在哪里？
-I
think
Mary
lives
in
the
suburbs.
我认为玛丽住在郊区。
-How
do
you
think
Sandy
comes
to
school?你认为桑迪是怎么来学校的？
-I
think
Sandy
comes
to
school
by
underground.
我想桑迪是乘地铁来学校的。
5.
Although
Maths
is
difficult
for
Kitty,
she
never
gives
it
up.
尽管数学对基蒂而言很难，但她从未放弃过。
be
difficult
for意为“对……有难处；对……而言是困难的”。
I
think
it’s
difficult
for
me
to
solve
this
problem.
我认为要我解决这个问题很难。
Is
it
difficult
for
you
to
find
the
post
office?要你找到邮局是不是有困难？
6.
Although
Jill
lives
far
away
from
school,
she
is
never
late
for
class.
尽管吉尔家离学校很远，但她上课从不迟到。
be
late
for意为“……迟到”。
She
hates
to
be
late
for
work.
她不喜欢上班迟到。
Don't
be
late
for
school.
上学别迟到。
【随堂小练】
I.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
words
in
their
proper
forms.
1.
I
think
the
(three)
lesson
is
the
easiest
in
this
book.
Your
calculator
is
much
more
expensive
than
(I).
There
are
quite
a
few
(farm)under
the
tree.
Clowns
usually
bring
us
a
lot
of
fun
and
(happy).
5.
(lucky)
,
he
passed
the
maths
exam
in
the
end.
6.
I
eat
more
and
more
(
health)
food,
for
it's
good
for
me.
7.
At
the
party
children
were
singing
(happy)together.
8.
I
like
staying
at
home
because
it
is
.
(comfort)
9.
My
computer
is
(
difference)
from
Mary's.
10.
How
(beauty)the
flowers
in
our
garden
look!
II.
Choose
the
right
word
to
complete
the
sentence.
Mary
acts
as
the
Luck
at
the
party.
(Fair/Fairy)
Long
ago,
there
was
a
poor
farmer
Fred.
(called/calls)
3.
she
is
young,
she
knows
quite
a
lot.
(When/Although)
4.
Jack
is
not
very
clever,
but
he
is
.
(hard/hard-working)
5.
Finally,
the
plane
in
the
sky.
(disappear/disappeared)
阅读理解
B.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
When
you
want
to
go
shopping,
decide
how
much
money
you
can
spend
on
new
clothes.
Think
about
the
kind
of
new
clothes.
Think
about
the
kind
of
clothes
you
really
need.
Then
look
for
those
clothes
on
sale
There
are
labels
inside
all
new
clothes.
The
labels
tell
you
how
to
take
care
of
your
clothes.
The
label
for
a
shirt
may
tell
you
to
wash
it
in
warm
water.
A
sweater
label
may
tell
you
to
wash
it
in
cold
water.
The
label
on
a
coat
may
say
“Dry
Clean
Only”.
Washing
may
destroy
the
coat.
If
you
do
as
the
directions
say
on
the
label,
you
can
keep
your
clothes
looking
their
best.
Many
clothes
today
must
be
dry
cleaned.
Dry
cleaning
is
expensive.
When
buying
new
clothes,
check
to
see
if
they
need
to
be
dry
-cleaned.
You
will
save
money
if
you
buy
clothes
that
can
wash
easily.
You
can
save
money
if
you
buy
clothes
that
are
well
made.
Well-made
clothes
last
longer.
They
look
good
even
after
they
have
been
washed
many
times.
Clothes
that
cost
more
money
are
not
always
better
made.
They
don’t
always
fit
better.
Sometimes
less
expensive
clothes
look
and
fit
better
than
more
expensive
clothes.
（
）66.If?you?want?to?save?money?you?can?buy?clothes?that?_____.
A.?don’t?fit?you?
B.?don’t?last?long
C.?need?to?be?dry?cleaned
D.?can?be?washed
（
）67.The?label?inside?the?clothes?tell?you______.
A.?how?to?keep?them?looking?their?best
B.?how?to?save?money
C.?whether?they?fit?you?or?not
D.?where?to?get?them?dry?cleaned
（
）68.
From
this
passage
we
can
learn
that
direction
underlined
means______
in
Chinese.
A.方向
B.说明
C.生产商
D.
专家
（
）69.
If
you
want
to
save
money,
the
first
thing
for
you
to
do
is
.
A.?to?look?for?well-made?clothes
B.?to?see
the
price
C.?to?know?how?to?wash?them
D.?to?read?the?labels?inside?them
（
）70.We?learn?from?the?reading?that?cheaper?clothes?______.
A.?are?always?worse?made
B.?must?be?dry?cleaned
C?can?sometimes?fit?you?better
D.?can?not?be?washed
C.
Choose
the
words
or
expressions
and
complete
the
passage.
(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)
Do
you
think
it
is
polite
to
listen
quietly
to
other
people
without
72
change
of
expression
（表情）on
your
face?
73
，
you
need
to
watch
two
Americans
talk.
Notice
how
74
will
have
many
changes
of
expression.
The
listener
may
also
say
something
75
the
other
is
speaking.
These
little
remarks
(话语)may
be
one
word
like
“Really?”
or
it
may
just
be
a
small
76
like
“uh-huh”
or
“mmm”.
This
is
the
77
American
listeners
show
that
they
are
listening
in
a
friendly
way.
A
no-change
expression
often
means
to
them
that
the
listener
is
being
78
.
72.
A.
some
B.
a
little
C.
no
D.
any
73.
A.
Therefore
B.
For
example
C.
If
so
D.
However
74.
A.
he
B.
one
C.
the
man
D.
someone
75.
A.
while
B.
although
C.
as
soon
as
D.
until
76.
A.
speech
B.
word
C.
sentence
D.
sound
77.
A
example
B.
story
C.
way
D.
meaning
78.
A
lovely
B.
polite
C.
understanding
D.
unfriendly
HOMEWORK
西南模范第二学期初一期末考试
Part
2
Phonetics,
Vocabulary
and
Grammar
(第二部分
语音、词汇和语法)
II.
Choose
the
best
answer
(选择最恰当的答案)
（
）1.Which
of
the
following
underlined
parts
is
different
in
pronunciation
from
others?
A.May
I
take
your
order?
B.
Monitors
were
used
in
the
exam.
C.
Luckily,
I
can
afford
the
trip.
D.
Please
wait
for
me
in
the
corner.
（
）2.Which
of
the
following
is
right?
A.
What’s
your
name?↑
B.
My
name
is
Bob.↑
C.
How
old
are
you?↓
D.
I
am
twelve
years
old.↑
（
）3.It
ten
years
since
he
came
here.
A.is
B.have
been
C.will
be
D.were
（
）4.Bob
is
seen
in
the
park
every
morning.
A.walk
B.to
walk
C.walked
D.walks
（
）5.My
son
thought
that
films
should
be
full
of
funny
acts
to
keep
people
.
A.amused
B.amusing
C.amuse
D.amusement
（
）6.A:
Does
this
pair
of
new
Nike
belong
to?
B:It
must
be
Jeff’s.
It’s
his
birthday
present
from
his
dad.
A.
What
B.
Who
C.
Which
D.
Whose
（
）7.
Helpless
the
poor
girl
is
after
she
lost
both
her
parents
in
the
car
accident!
A.
How
B.
What
C.
What
a
D.
What
an
（
）8.Almost
of
the
young
graduates
faces
the
difficulty
of
finding
a
fine
job.
A.every
one
B.everyone
C.everybody
D.every
body
（
）9.The
police
found
about
the
displays
in
the
museums
had
been
stolen.
A.hundreds
of
B.two
hundreds
of
C.hundred
of
D.two
hundred
of
（
）10.Many
people
of
Ebola
virus
in
the
past
few
month.
A.die
B.died
C.have
died
D.will
die
（
）11.To
remember
things
accurately
,we
don’t
allow
other
thoughts
______our
mind.
A.
enter
B.to
enter
C.entered
D.entering
（
）12.
A:_____
will
he
finish
reading
the
comic
strips?
B:In
three
minutes.
A.How
far
B.How
long
C.How
fast
D.How
soon
（
）13.Millie
suggested
I
______
a
teacher
in
the
future.
A.to
be
B.will
be
C.am
D.be
（
）14.Could
you
give
Jack
this
magazine
_______?
A.when
he
will
be
back
B.when
will
he
be
back
C.when
he
is
back
D.when
is
he
back
（
）15.In
the
USA,
parents______
public
school
education.
A.needn’t
pay
for
B.
don’t
need
pay
for
C.needn’t
to
pay
D.don’t
need
to
pay
（
）16._______people
speak
Chinese
in
the
world.
A.A
lot
B.
A
large
number
of
C.An
amount
of
D.Huge
amounts
of
（
）17.Neither
my
brother
nor
I
______
a
teacher.
A.am
not
B.am
C.are
D.
is
（
）18.The
plane
is
taking
off.
All
the
passengers
should
_______in
ten
minutes.
A.get
abroad
B.got
abroad
C.get
aboard
D.
got
aboard
（
）19.Everyone
went
to
the
picnic
________John
because
he
was
ill.
A.except
B.except
for
C.beside
D.
Besides
（
）20.A:Would
you
like
me
to
bring
you
a
cup
of
coffee?
B:
__________________.
A.Yes,
I’d
like
to.
B.It’s
a
pleasure.
C.Yes,please.
D.
It
doesn’t
matter.
III.
Complete
the
following
passage
with
the
words
or
phrases
in
the
box.
Each
one
can
only
be
used
once
(将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次)
A.
seem
like
B.
sweet
C.
work
D.
week
Perhaps
you
don’t
think
you
need
much
sleep.
Sleep
isn’t
always
the
opposite
of
br
awake.
In
fact,
while
you’re
in
___1___slumber
(睡眠状态），your
brain
is
still
active.
As
you
sleep,
your
brain
passes
through
stages
that
are
necessary
for
you
to
stay
healthy.
Sleep
is
actually
food
for
your
brain.
And
like
food,
sleep
is
not
an
option
(选择）.
It’s
a
need.
Many
people
both
teens
and
adults
believe
that
if
they
don’t
get
enough
sleep
during
the
_____2___
they
can
catch
up
on
that
lost
sleep
over
the
weekend
and
it
will
all
even
out.
Although
this
___3____
a
simple
trade-off
(交换）,
trying
to
pay
back
your
sleep
“debt”on
weekends
doesn’t
always
work.
Therefore
you
need
much
sleep.
A.
move
B.
once
C.
no
longer
D.
blood
It
is
not
always
bad
news
when
brain
cells
die.
The
brain
is
like
a
sculptor
(雕刻家）making
a
statue.
It
cuts
away
material
that
it
___4___need.
Sometimes,
however,
something
goes
wrong.
When
people
suffer
from
stroke
(中风），
for
example,
brain
cells
die
because
they
don’t
get
enough
____5___
for
a
short
time.
The
stroke
victim
sometimes
cannot
speak
and
sometimes
is
unable
to
move
an
arm
or
a
leg.
Recently,
scientists
found
a
way
to
put
new
brain
cells,
grown
in
a
laboratory,
into
a
brain
with
dead
cells.
The
new
cells
move
to
the
damages
area
and
start
to
grow,
replacing
the
cells
that
died.
A
stroke
victim,for
example,
may
recover
speech
and
movement
in
the
arm
or
leg
___6___
the
new
cells
start
to
grow.
IV.
Complete
the
sentences
wife
the
givers
words
in
their
proper
forms
(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)
What
first
______me
to
her
was
her
sense
of
humour.
(attraction)
He
works
hardest,
but
gets
the
______money
of
all.
(little)
The
______kettle
on
the
table
cost
me
300
yuan.
(electricity)
Henry
_______the
meaning
of
the
words
to
his
son.
(explanation)
I’m
sure
you
will
_____working
out
the
problem
unless
you
give
up.
(success)
Eleven
_______girls
formed
a
football
team
and
won
the
woman
football
game
last
summer.(Germany)
We
had
an
________
quarrel
last
week
so
that
we
haven’t
talked
to
each
other
since
then.(pleasure)
Whenever
Mike
drives
out,
his
parents
always
remind
him
“_______
first”.
(safe)
V.
Rewrite
the
following
sentences
as
required
(根据所给要求，改写下列句子。)
“Could
you
please
pass
me
the
book
on
the
table”Jenny
asked
David.
(改为宾语从句）
Jenny
asked
David
_______
_______could
pass
her
the
book
on
the
table.
We
will
stay
here
after
you
come
back.
(保持愿意）
We
won't
_______
here_______
you
come
back.
Jenny
is
good
at
not
only
maths
but
also
physics.
(保持句意）
Jenny
is
good
at
maths
and
physics
________
_________.
He
is
a
man
of
few
words.
(改为反义疑问句）
He
is
a
man
of
few
words,_______
_______?
told,
my,
was,
not
to,
stay,
they,
me,there,
allowed,dog.
(连词
成句）
____________________________________________________________________________
VI.
Reading
Comprehension
(
阅读理解)
A.
Choose
the
best
answer(
根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
If
you
have
to
miss
a
meal
a
day,
which
meal
will
cause
you
fewest
health
problems
if
you
don't
eat
it?
If
you
have
to
make
a
decision
of
this
type,
most
people
(especially
very
busy
people)
will
choose
to
skip
breakfast.
However,
many
experts
in
the
field
of
health
consider
breakfast
(
the
meal
which
"break"
you
"fast"
)
to
be
the
most
important
t
meal
of
the
day.
If
we
eat
a
good
breakfast,
they
say,
we
will
have
the
energy
and
nutrients
(营养)
we
need
to
begin
our
working
day
with
vigor(活力)
and
stay
hopeful
with
good
honor.
However,
many
people
skip
breakfast
or
substitute
a
cup
of
coffee
for
a
well
balanced
meal.
What
happens
if
we
ignore
the
importance
of
breakfast?
One
recent
study
conducted
in
the
United
States
tested
a
large
number
of
people.
Participants
included
both
males
and
females
who
ranged
in
age
from
12
to
83.
The
results
showed
that
if
a
person
eats
an
adequate
breakfast,
he
or
she
will
work
more
efficiently
and
more
productively
than
if
he
or
she
skips
breakfast
or
eats
a
very
poor
breakfast.
This
fact
appears
to
be
especially
true
if
a
person's
work
involves
mental(脑力的)
activities.
The
study
showed
that
if
school-children
eat
fruit,
eggs,
bread
and
milk
before
going
to
school,
they
will
learn
more
quickly
and
will
be
able
to
concentrate
(集中)on
their
lessons
for
a
longer
period
of
time
than
if
their
breakfast
is
inadequate.
The
study
also
showed
that
contrary
to
what
people
believe,
if
you
skip
breakfast,
you
will
not
lose
weight.
This
is
because
people
become
so
hungry
if
they
skip
breakfast
that
they
eat
too
much
for
lunch
and
end
up
gaining
weight
instead
of
losing.
So
remember,
if
you
want
to
lose
weight,
skipping
breakfast
will
not
help
you.
You
will
likely
lose
more
weight
if
you
decrease
your
other
meals.
1.
According
to
experts,
breakfast
is
the
most
important
meal
of
the
day
because
_____.
A.
a
good
breakfast
breaks
you
down
fast
B.
you'll
lose
weight
quickly
if
you
skip
breakfast
C.
breakfast
provides
what
a
person
needs
to
work
D.
after
a
long
night,
you'll
feel
very
hungry
2.
The
underlined
part
"substitute
a
cup
of
coffee
for
a
well
balanced
meal"(Para.
2)
probably
means
_______.
A.
to
exchange
a
cup
of
coffee
for
a
well
balanced
meal.
B.
To
drink
a
cup
of
coffee
instead
of
a
well
balanced
meal.
C.
To
change
a
cup
of
coffee
into
a
well
balanced
meal.
D.
To
regard
a
cup
of
coffee
as
a
well
balanced
meal.
3.
The
example
of
school-children
in
para.3
shows
that
_______.
A.school-children
will
be
quick
and
attentive
all
day
if
they
eat
breakfast
B.a
proper
breakfast
will
make
mental
workers
more
efficient
C.fruit,
eggs,
bread
and
milk
are
the
best
breakfast
for
mental
workers
D.school-children
who
have
breakfast
are
much
brighter
than
those
who
don't
4.
Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
true
according
to
Para.
4?
A.Some
people
skip
breakfast
because
they
want
to
be
slimmer.
B.Most
people
who
skip
breakfast
actually
eat
more
for
lunch.
C.People
put
on
weight
because
they
eat
too
much
breakfast.
D.Skipping
breakfast
won't
help
people
who
want
to
lose
weight.
5.
The
best
title
of
the
passage
is
_______
A.How
to
Lose
Weight
B.
What's
a
Healthy
Diet
C.
Surprising
Results
of
a
Study
D.
Breakfast
-
A
Meal
That
Breaks
You
Fast
B.
Choose
the
words
or
expressions
to
complete
the
passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语,完成短文):
(12分)
Grandma
was
the
only
mother
Thomas
had
ever
known.
She
appeared
to
be
a
loving
lady
but
often
angered
easily.
When
Thomas
one
day
discovered
that
other
children
had
someone
they
called
Mum
and
asked
why
he
must
call
her
grandma
instead
of
Mum.
She
told
him
gently
about
his
mother’s
death
before
he
was
three
months
old.
There
was
not
the
same
reaction(反应)
when
he
asked
why
he
had
75
to
call
Dad.
Then
his
grandmother
glared
at
(瞪着)
him
and
got
angrier
than
he
had
76
seen
and
the
sharp
reply
was,”
He
was
a
bad
man.
He
didn’t
want
your
mother,
and
he
didn’t
want
you
when
you
were
born.
Thomas
never
asked
about
his
father
any
more.
Shortly
after
his
fifth
birthday
and
two
days
before
Christmas
Day,
Thomas
was
woken
up
by
his
grandma’s
calling
to
him
from
her
bedroom.
Running
into
the
old
lady’s
room,
he
found
her
77
for
breathlessness,
and
between
gasps
(喘气)，trying
to
tell
him
to
fetch
the
next-door
neighbour.
As
soon
as
the
neighbour
arrived,
she
sent
Thomas
to
call
another
neighbour.
Next
Thomas
was
told
he
must
stay
downstairs,
so
he
sat
in
the
kitchen,
trying
to
give
all
his
78
to
his
toys.
He
was
there
to
see
the
doctors
arrive,
and
to
see
him
leave
a
few
minutes
later.
This
eased(减轻)
Thomas
worry.
A
doctor
would
stay
a
long
time
with
someone
who
was
seriously
ill.
The
fact
that
the
doctor
left
so
79
after
his
arrival
meant
that.
Grandma
was
going
to
be
all
right
again.
He
expected
to
be
told
he
could
go
upstairs
and
see
her.
But
the
first
neighbour
came
down
and
explained
that
Grandma
was
80
and
the
doctor
had
said
that
she
couldn’t
be
disturbed
(打扰).
Shortly
afterwards
the
second
neighbour
came
down,
helped
Thomas
put
his
toys
in
a
box,
and
then
took
him
to
have
lunch
with
her
and
her
two
children.
75.A.none
B.someoneC.no
one
D.
anyone76.A.
neverB.
notC.hardlyD.
ever77.A.
keepingB.
fightingC.
appearingD.
starting78.A.
noteB.attentionC.
interestD.
attraction79.A.
quicklyB.
fastC.
hurriedlyD.
soon80.A.
lying
in
the
bedB.
laying
in
bed
C.
sleepingD.
gone
C.
Read
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks
with
proper
words
(在短文内填入恰当的词，使文章通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给出）
Have
you
ever
seen
an
exhibition
of
rare
Mexican
grey
wolves?
There
are
five
male
wolves
in
Brookfield
Zoo
now.
The
exhibition
is
d___81____into
two
areas,
an
indoor
room
and
a
peaceful
outdoor
viewing
or
playing
area.
In
the
indoor
area
of
the
exhibition,
which
is
small
and
can
e___82____become
crowded,
you
can
see
the
wolves
t____83____one-way
glass
and
also
enjoy
a
few
different
activities.
One
of
these
activities
is
very
interesting.
You
stand
in
a
dark
room,
listening
to
recorded
wolf
howls(长嚎).
You
can
really
get
an
idea
of
what
it
feels
like
to
be
in
a
dark
and
d___84___forest.
After
about
a
minute
and
a
half,
some
wolves
in
the
woods
a
___85___on
the
wall
in
front
of
you.
It
is
a
great
experience
for
n____86____lovers.
In
the
outdoor
area
of
the
exhibition,
there
is
a
small
river,
ponds,
fallen
trees
and
a
wetland.
Visitors
can
walk
among
lifelike
models
of
wolf
prey(猎物),
learning
about
different
hunting
s___87___the
wolves
use,
how
they
store
their
food
and
how
they
communicate,
while
watching
the
wolves
from
behind
an
electric
fence.
After
a
tour
of
the
exhibition,
you
can
read
Wolf
Brother
written
by
Paver.
It
was
made
into
a
movie
by
director
Ridley
Scott.
Welcome
to
our
exhibition
of
rare
Mexican
grey
wolves.
D.
Answer
the
questions
(阅读回答问题)
Have
you
ever
heard
the
story
of
the
four-minute
miles?
Many
years
ago,
people
believed
that
it
was
impossible
for
a
human
Being
to
run
a
mile
in
less
than
four
minutes
until
Roger
Banister
proved
it
wrong
in
1954.
What
happens
if
you
put
an
animal
in
a
pond?
Any
animal,
big
or
small,
will
swim
its
way
through.
What
happens
when
someone,
who
doesn't
know
how
to
swim,
falls
in
deep
waters?
They
drown.
If
an
animal
who
has
not
learnt
swimming
could
escape
by
swimming,
why
not
you?
Because
you
believe
you
will
drown
while
the
animal
doesn't.
Have
you
ever
wondered
why
the
letters
are
organized
in
a
particular
order
on
your
keyboard?
You
might
have
thought
it
is
to
increase
the
typing
speed.
Most
people
never
question
it.
But
the
fact
is
that
this
system
was
developed
to
reduce
the
typing
speed
at
a
time
when
typewriter
parts
would
jam（堵塞）
if
the
operator
typed
too
fast.
These
three
cases
show
the
power
of
our
beliefs.
There
is
no
other
more
powerful
directing
force
in
human
behavior
than
belief.
Your
beliefs
have
the
power
to
create
and
to
destroy.
A
belief
delivers
command
to
your
nervous
system.
I
used
a
snake
in
my
workshops
for
children
to
show
them
how
unrealistic
some
of
their
beliefs
are.
Students
of
a
school
in
India,
said
snakes
are
slippery
and
slimy
and
poisonous.
After
doing
an
exercise
for
changing
beliefs,
they
handled
my
snake
and
found
it
to
be
dry
and
clean.
They
also
remembered
that
only
three
types
of
poisonous
snakes
exist
in
India.
Did
this
story
end
the
way
you
thought?
Review
your
beliefs
now
and
find
out
which
ones
you
need
to
change?
Who
first
run
a
mile
in
less
than
four
minutes?
_________________________________________________________________
If
we
put
an
animal
in
a
pound,
what
will
happen?
_________________________________________________________________
Why
are
the
letters
organized
in
such
a
particular
order
on
your
keyboard?
They
are
organized
in
such
a
particular
order______________________________.
What
does
the
writer’s
experiment
show?
It
shows_______________________________________.
What
does
the
writer
think
of
beliefs?
They
________________________________________.授课类型
T
U1-U3知识梳理
C
U4-U5查缺补漏
T
综合检测
教学内容
初一（牛津版）知识梳理
Unit
1
一、核心词汇
1.
guide
n.＆v.
(1)
guide作名词时，可以表示：
①导游：
②导游手册(相当于guidebook)
③指南：
(2)
guide作动词时，可以表示“为……领路，带领”的意思。如：
2.
tour
n.
旅行，旅游
【拓展】
tourist
n.
游客，旅游者
tour
v.
旅游，旅行，参观。
3.
reason
n.
原因，理由
【近义词】
cause
n.
原因，起因，缘故；理由
【拓展】
reasonable
adj.
合理的，明智的
4.
grand
adj.
（用于大建筑物等的名称）大的，宏伟的，宏大的
the
Grand
Canyon大峡谷
【拓展】
grand还有很多其他的含义，如：
(1)壮丽的，富丽堂皇的，重大的。
(2)宏大的，宏伟的，有气派的
5.
theatre
n.
剧院
【记忆链接】
go
to
the
theatre去看戏
6.
oriental
adj.
东方的
oriental一词常常用来表示“东方的”或“亚洲的”文明或事物。
【拓展】Orient
n.
东方
7.
century
n.
世纪
【拓展】
century
n.
百年
8.
technology
n.
科技；工艺；工程技术
【拓展】
technologist
n.
技术员；工艺师，（工程技术）专家
9.
sightseeing
n.
观光，游览
a
sightseeing
bus旅游车
a
sightseeing
tour观光旅游
【记忆链接】
go
sightseeing去观光
10.
view
n.
景色，风景
【拓展】
view作动词时，有如下含义。
(1)认为，以……看待
(2)看，望：。
view还可作名词时，有如下含义：
(1)(可数名词)
意见；观点
(2)(不可数名词)视野：
【拓展】
viewer
n.
电视观众
11.
therefore
adv.
因此，所以
指点迷津：therefore
与
so
两词同义，但词性不同：前者是副词，而后者是连词。在用法上举例如下：
It
rained.
Therefore,
we
didn't
have
the
match.
下雨了。因此我们没有举行比赛。
=It
rained,
so
we
didn't
have
the
match.
12.
surprising
adj.
令人惊奇的
【拓展】
surprise
v.使吃惊；使感到意外
surprise
n.
吃惊
surprised
adj.
感到惊讶的
二、语言点梳理
1.
take
part
in参加（活动）
指点迷津:
take
part
in
与join
两者都有“参加”的意思。take
part
in表示参加某项活动，而join表示参加或加入某种组织或团体。
Sally
will
take
part
in
the
100-metre-race
at
the
school
sports
meet.
莎莉将参加校运会上的100米赛跑。
He
joined
the
Party
ten
years
ago.
他10年前入党。
2.
get
on
with进展
此外，get
on
with还可以表示“与……相处”的意思。
How
are
you
getting
on
with
your
new
classmates?你和新同学相处得怎样？
常用get
on
well
with表示“与……相处融洽”。
Do
you
get
on
well
with
your
colleagues?你和同事们相处得好吗？
3.
be
famous
for以……而著名
4.
be
known
as以……而出名
5.
think
of想出
【拓展】
think
of还有“考虑”的意思。如：
1.
Kitty
and
her
classmates
have
just
been
to
Shanghai.
基蒂和她的同学刚去过上海。
have
been
to这个结构，表示“去过（某地）；到过（某地）”。
Simon
has
been
to
the
Beijing
Zoo
once.
西蒙曾去过一次北京动物园。
指点迷津：have
been
to,
have
been
in
与have
gone
to
have
been
to是指被谈论对象曾经去过某个地方，但现在已经回来了；have
been
in是指被谈论对象已经在某地待了一段时间，目前仍待在那里，还没有回来；have
gone
to是指被谈论对象去了某地，现在还没有回来。
I
have
been
to
Beijing.
我去过北京。（说明：我现在已不在北京了。）
I
have
been
in
Dalian
for
5
years.
我已经在大连待了五年了。（说明：我现在还在大连。）
-Where
is
he?
他在哪儿？
-He
has
gone
to
Beijing.
他去北京了。（说明：他的北京之行还未结束，人还没回来。）
2.
They
have
decided
to
take
part
in
a
competition.
他们决定要参加一个竞赛。
decide
to
do
something意为“决定做某事”，其否定形式为decide
not
to
do
something“决定不做某事”。
He
decided
to
attend
her
birthday
party.
他决定去参加她的生日派对。
I
decide
not
to
leave
Shanghai.
我决定不离开上海。
3.
Design
a
travel
guide设计一份旅游指南
design作动词时，意为“设计；画图样”。如：
He
designs
for
our
dress
department.
他在我们的服装部做设计。
Architects
design
buildings.
建筑师设计楼房。
design作名词时，意为‘‘设计；图样”。
She
attended
a
school
of
dress
design.
她就读于一所服装设计学校。
The
architect
showed
us
her
design
for
the
new
theatre.
那位建筑师给我们看她设计的新剧院的图样。
4.
It's
in
the
centre
of
Shanghai.
它位于上海中部。
in
the
centre
of意为“位于……的中部”。
in
the
centre
of强调与四周距离相等的中心位置，常用来指空间；in
the
middle
of强调两端之间的位置，并不强调中心，既可用于指空间，也可用于指时间。
There
is
a
square
in
the
centre
of
the
city.
城市中央有一个广场。（指中心位置）
There
is
a
big
hole
in
the
middle
of
the
road.
马路中间有个大洞。（指空间）
We
usually
have
lunch
in
the
middle
of
the
day.
我们通常在中午吃午饭。（指时间）
5.
It's
in
the
south
of
Shanghai.
它位于上海的南部。
in
the
south
of意为“位于……的南部”，强调在某一个范围之内。
指点迷津：in
the
south
of,
on
the
south
of与
(to
the)
south
of
A包含B
A与B接壤
A与B不相邻
B
is
in
the
south
of
A.
B
is
on
the
south
of
A.
B
is
(to
the)
south
of
A.
6.
Therefore,
it
is
not
surprising
that
many
tourists
come
to
visit
Shanghai
every
year
to
shop!因此，每年会有许多游客来上海购物也就不足为奇了！
这个句型中，主语it不是该句真正的主语而是“形式主语”，该句真正的主语是that引导的从句部分。我们把这类句子称为“主语从句”。我们经常会使用“It
is+形容词十that从句”的结构来表达对某事的看法。
It
is
wonderful
that
we
can
have
dinner
on
the
91st
floor
in
Shanghai
World
Financial
Centre.
能在上海世界金融中心第91层上用餐真是太棒了！
7.
If
you
go
there,
you
will
see
a
huge
open
area
with
green
grass,
trees,
fountains
and
pigeons.
如果你去那儿，你会看到一个大型的开放式绿草坪，还有树木、喷泉和鸽子。
(1)
连词if引导的条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句要遵循主、从句时态呼应规律，即主句用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时表将来。如：
I
won’t
go
there
with
you
if
he
goes,
too,
tomorrow.
如果明天他去的话，我就不和你一起去那儿了。
Firemen
will
have
no
water
to
put
out
fires
if
there
is
no
rain.
如果天不下雨，消防队员将会没有水灭火。
此外，主句也可以使用祈使句或含有情态动词（can，may，must等）的句子。如：
Have
a
good
rest
if
you
are
tired.
如果累了，你就好好休息一下吧。
You
must
see
the
doctor
if
you
are
ill.
如果你生病了，就必须去看医生。
大多数情况下，从句可以位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。不过从句在前时，主、从句之间必须用逗号隔开。
Please
tell
me
if
he
comes
back.
如果他回来了，请告诉我一声。
=If
he
comes
back,
please
tell
me.
(2)
a
huge
open
area意为“一个大型的开放式区域”。
8.
The
Maglev
takes
you
to
the
International
airport
in
about
eight
minutes.
磁悬浮列车可以在大约八分钟之内将你带到国际机场。
(1)
take
somebody
to
some
place是“将某人带到某地”的意思。
The
father
takes
his
son
to
the
park
nearly
every
weekend.
这个父亲几乎每个周末都带儿子去公园。
(2)
“in十一段时间”的结构有两种含义：
①
表示“在一段时间之内”，句子常用一般现在时或一般过去时。如：
There
was
once
an
artist.
He
could
draw
a
beautiful
horse
in
five
minutes.
从前有一个画家。他可以在五分钟之内画出一匹骏马。
②
表示“在一段时间之后”，句子常用一般将来时。如：
What
will
you
be
like
in
10
years'
time?
10年后你将会是什么样子?
【随堂小练】
I.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
words
in
their
proper
forms.
Shanghai
is
an
city.
(interest)
We
can
read
books
in
the
library.(difference)
She
has
to
live
in
Canada.
(decision)
He
will
take
part
in
a
maths
next
week.
(compete)
Look,
so
many
(visit)from
other
countries
are
at
the
People's
Square.
【Keys】
1.
interesting
2.
different
3.
decided
4.
competition
5.
visitors
Unit
2
一、核心词汇
1.
stupid
adj.
愚蠢的，笨的
【近义词】
foolish
adj.
愚蠢的，鲁莽的
silly
adj.
傻的，愚蠢的
2.
action
n.
动作
【拓展】
act
v.行动
3.
robber
n.
盗贼
【拓展】
rob
v.
抢劫
robbery
n.
抢劫案
【近义词】
thief
n.
贼，小偷
4.
hate
v.
讨厌，不喜欢
【拓展】
hate
to
do
something=hate
doing
something讨厌做某事
【近义词】
dislike
v.
不喜欢
【反义词】
like
v.喜欢
love
v.
爱，喜欢
5.
adventure
n.
冒险，奇遇
【链接】
What
an
adventure!啊呀，真险！
6.
princess
n.
公主
7.
prince
n.
王子
8.
duration
n.
持续时间
9.
laughter
n.
笑，笑声
【拓展】
laugh
v.大笑，发笑
10.
cowboy
n.
牛仔
11.
diary
n.（工作日程）记事簿
12.
pay
v.付费
【拓展】
pay
n.
工资，报酬：The
workers
ask
for
higher
pay.
工人们要求提高工资。
13.
altogether
adv.总共，一共
【近义词】
in
all总共，全部
14.
price
n.
价格
What
is
the
price
of
this
pair
of
trousers?
这条裤子多少钱？
=
How
much
is
this
pair
of
trousers?或How
much
does
this
pair
of
trousers
cost?
【拓展】
precious
adj.
高价的，昂贵的，贵重的，宝贵的
15.
avenue
n.
大街
指点迷津:
avenue,
street,
road,
lane
和way
avenue指“宽敞的大路或街道，通常是城镇两边有树的、通往较大建筑的大街”，street指“城镇里较窄、短的重要的街道，两旁多有建筑物”；road指“较长、宽的路，通常是行驶车辆，且穿过城镇或连接其他城镇的道路”；lane指“乡间的小路或城镇里狭窄的胡同、街道”；way指“通向某一处的道路”。
16.
bookshop
n.
书店
【近义词】
bookstore
n.
书店
17.
route
n.
路线
与route搭配的形容词多用long或short，而不用far或close。
二、语言点梳理
1.
take
a
look意为“看一看”。
与have
a
look意思相同，可以互换。take/have
a
look比look
at更口语化。
2.
(be)full
of意为“充满；挤满”。
【近义词】
be
filled
with
The
bottle
is
full
of
water.
瓶子里装满了水。
The
bottle
is
filled
with
water.
瓶子里装满了水。
3.
pay
for意为“为……付钱”。
指点迷津:
spend,
cost,
take,
pay
和pay
for
(1)
spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱、精力、时间等，其后用on+名词或用in(可省略)+动名词形式，不可接不定式。如：
He
spends
much
money
on
DVDs.
他将很多钱花在买光盘上。
Every
morning
he
spends
half
an
hour
on
English.
每天早晨，他花半小时读英语。句中on
English可与(in)
reading
English互换。
(2)
cost的主语必须是“物”
或“事”，表示“费用，耗费”，后接life，money，health，time等，侧重于花费的代价。如：
The
key
ring
cost
him
one
dollar.这个钥匙环花了他一美元。
The
experiment
cost
him
two
years
of
work.
这个实验花了他两年的功夫。
(3)
take表示“花费”时，其主语一般是“一件事”，有时主语也可以是“人”，它说明完成某事“花费了……”。如：
It
took
me
ten
minutes
to
walk
to
the
post
office.
步行到邮局花了我十分钟时间。
The
producer
took
two
years
to
make
the
film.
制片商花了两年时间完成这部影片。
【友情提示】
“take…to
do
something"句型侧重完成该动作花费的时间，而“spend…doing
something”句型有时并不说明动作的完成。如：
It
took
him
an
hour
to
read
the
book．他用一小时读完了这本书。
He
spent
an
hour
(in)
reading
the
book．他花了一小时读这本书。（并未说明他是否读完了）
(4)
pay的基本意思是“支付”，作为及物动词，宾语可以是“人”或“钱”。如：
He
paid
the
taxi
and
hurried
home.
他付了出租车的钱，就急忙进了家门。
They
had
to
pay
two
hundred
yuan
before
leaving
the
place.
离开这个地方之前他们不得不付了两百元。
We'll
pay
you
in
a
few
days.
过几天我们会付钱给你。
(5)
pay
for的宾语为“物”或“事”，for常常表示支付的原因。如：
You'll
have
to
pay
me
70
yuan
a
week
for
your
meals.
你每周得付给我70元餐费。
【注意】
下面两句中pay
for的意义不同。
Of
course
we
have
to
pay
for
what
we
buy.
我们买东西当然得付钱。
Don't
worry
about
money;
I'll
pay
for
you.
别担心钱的问题，我会替你付的。
1.
I
like
funny
films
very
much.
我很喜欢喜剧片。
very
much是“很；非常”的意思，常放在句末用来修饰句中的动词，本例中very
much用于修饰动词like。
指点迷津：very,
much
和very
much
(1)
very主要修饰形容词或副词。
The
lady
is
very
elegant.
那位女士很优雅。
He
did
it
very
carefully.
这事他做得很仔细。
【友情提示】
修饰副词too(表示“大……”的意思时)，要用much，不能用very。
He
is
much
too
busy
to
see
you.
他大忙而不能见你。
(2)
much主要修饰动词，而且除非其前有very,
too,
so等修饰语，它只用于否定句和疑问句。
She
doesn't
like
him
much.
她不太喜欢他。
Does
she
like
him
much?
她很喜欢他吗？
另外，much除修饰动词外，还可修饰形容词比较级。
It
is
much
colder
today.
今天冷多了。
2.
It's
an
action
film
and
it's
very
exciting.
它是一部动作片，非常紧张刺激。
action
film是指“动作片；武打片”。常见的电影类别还有：love
story(爱情电影)，cartoon(卡通片)，exciting
film(惊险片)，cowboy
story(西部片，特指牛仔电影)，horror
story(恐怖片)，police
story(警匪片)，documentary(纪录片)等。
3.
It's
about
the
adventures
of
some
astronauts
in
space.
这是一部有关太空中宇航员冒险经历的电影。
in
space表示“在太空中”的意思。
指点迷津:
in
space
和in
the
space
(1)
in
space指“在宇宙中；在太空中”。
There
are
many
different
kinds
of
stars
in
space.
宇宙中有许多不同种类的星体。
(2)
in
the
space表示“在……空间里”。
We
can
put
nothing
in
the
space
between
these
two
desks.
这两个课桌之间的空间已经不允许我们放任何东西了。
4.
Don't
miss
this
cartoon.
不要错过这部卡通片。
miss是个多义词，在本句中作动词，是“错过”的意思。
Hurry
up,
or
you
will
miss
the
early
bus.
快点！否则你会误了早班车。
此外，miss还有“想念，思念”的意思。
I
miss
my
family
every
night.
我每天晚上都想念我的家人。
5.
A
film
about
cowboys
in
a
small
town
far
away.
一部关于一群生活在偏远小镇上的牛仔的电影。
far
away在这里是一个副词短语，意为“遥远”，常置于句末作地点状语。
Christmas
is
a
time
for
friends
and
family
members
to
see
each
other
again
and
to
send
Christmas
cards
to
those
who
live
far
away.
圣诞节时，朋友家人会聚会，还会寄圣诞卡给远方的人。
6.
How
can
I
get
there
from
my
home?从我家怎么去那里呢？
这是问路的常用语。用于问路的句子还有：
Where
is
the
post
office?邮局在哪儿？
How
can
I
get
to
the
post
office?到邮局怎么走？
Could/Can
you
tell
me
the
way
to
the
post
office?你可以告诉我去邮局的路吗？
【随堂小练】
I.
Choose
the
right
word
to
complete
the
sentence.
Peter
and
Jill
want
to
a
film.
(watch/see)
They
would
like
the
love
story.
(to
read/read)
Lily
hates
the
piano
for
a
long
time.
(to
play/playing)
It
is
a
film
the
police.
(
about/of)
What
about
(have/having)a
picnic
with
Class
Two
this
afternoon?
【Keys】II.
1.see
2.
to
read
3.
playing
4.
about
5.
having
Unit
3
一、核心词汇
1.
since
prep.
从……以来；自从
I
haven’t
seen
him
since
August,
19th,
2007.
自从2007年8月19日我就没有再见过他。
指点迷津:
since
与
for
(1)
since用来指时间点，意指“从那时起到所指的时刻”。它常常和现在完成时连用。
He
has
been
here
since
Monday.
从星期一开始，他一直在这里。（从星期一到现在）
since也可以是时间连词，后接一个表示时间点的时间状语从句。
He
has
worked
for
us
ever
since
he
left
school.
他离开学校以后就一直为我们工作。
It
has
been
two
years
since
I
last
saw
Tom.
从我最后一次见汤姆到现在，已经有两年了。
相当于：I
last
saw
Tom
two
years
ago.
我最后一次见汤姆是在两年前。
I
haven't
seen
Tom
for
two
years.
我已经有两年没见过汤姆了。
(2)
for用来表示一段时间。如：for
six
years六年之久，for
two
months有两个月。
for十一段时间也可以与现在完成时连用，表示动作延续到说话的那一时刻。
He
has
worked
here
for
a
year.
他在这里工作已经有一年了。（一年前他就开始在这里工作并仍在这里工作。）
此时的“for十一段时间”也可以用“since+行动开始的那一刻”来代替。
He
has
worked
here
since
this
time
last
year.他从去年的这个时候起就在这里工作了。
2.
quite
adv.
相当；十分
Ann
is
quite
pretty.安长得很漂亮。
I
quite
like
watching
volleyball
games.
我很喜欢看排球比赛。
指点迷津:
fairly,
quite,
rather,
pretty
与very
(1)这几个副词都可表示程度，fairly语气最轻，尽管经常与褒义词连用，但由于语气较弱，往往不带明显的恭维或赞赏，通常译为“还算；相当”。比如说某部电影fairly
good，指的可能是勉强过得去。
(2)
quite语气稍重，意为“颇；相当”。比如说某部电影quite
good，指的是这部电影相当不错，虽不是最好，但至少值得看。
(3)
rather或pretty在语气上又稍重一点，意为“十分，相当”，但pretty不如rather正式。比如说某部电影rather/pretty
good，指的是这部电影相当不错，语气比较重，意指要高出一般水平或出乎意料的好。两者均可与褒义或贬义形容词连用。与褒义词连用，表示一种愉快的心情；与贬义或中性词连用，表示一种不赞成或不满意的心情。
(4)
very语气最强，意为“很；非常”。比如说某部电影very
good，指的是这部电影很不错，算得上是精品之作。
以上几个副词按语气的轻重排序是：fairly→quite→rather/pretty→very。
She
looked
rather/quite
nervous.
她显得相当紧张。
It's
a
very
interesting
book.
它是一本很有趣的书。
She
looked
rather/quite
disappointed
about
it.
她对此显得相当失望。
3.
machine
n.
机器；机器装置
【拓展】
machinery
n.（集合名词）机器：机械：机件
mechanic
n.
机工，技工，机械师
4.
waiter
n.
服务员；侍者
【拓展】
wait
v.
等待：等候
waitress
n.
女侍者；女服务员
5.
coach
n.（体育运动的）教练
【拓展】
coach
v.
训练；指导
6.
train
v.
训练，培训
【拓展】
trainer
n.
训练员；教员，教练员
trainee
n.
受训练的人
7.
charge
n.
主管，掌管
8.
field
n.
田地
【友情提示】
field还有“场地”的意思。如：sports
field运动场。
9.
key
n.
钥匙
【拓展】
key是一个多义词，作名词时还有如下含义：
(1)关键；要诀：
(2)答案：
(3)（计算机或打字机的）键：
key还可作形容词，意为“主要的；关键的”。
10.
ring
n.
小环；小圈
【拓展】
wedding
ring结婚戒指
ear
ring耳环
11.
cable
n.
缆绳
【拓展】
cable
n.
电报
12.
fantastic
adj.
极好的
二、语言点梳理
1.
quite
a
few相当多；不少
I
have
been
in
Shanghai
for
quite
a
few
years.
我在上海已经待了很多年了。
quite
a
few是“相当多，不少”，与many意思相近，用于修饰可数名词的复数形式。
Quite
a
few
people
came
to
the
lecture.
有相当多的人来听演讲。
He
has
quite
a
few
friends.
他有不少朋友。
修饰不可数名词时，应用quite
a
little(相当多；不少)。
There
is
quite
a
little
rice
left
in
the
bag.
米袋里还剩下不少大米。
quite
a
little与much意思相近。
2.
in
charge
of负责掌管
【拓展】
take
charge
of负责；照管；监理，担任
3.
tell
the
time报时
4.
have
a
good
time过得愉快
have
a
good
time与enjoy
oneself(greatly)“过得愉快，玩得高兴”意思相近。
也常用have
a
great/nice
time等表示“玩得很高兴，过得很愉快”的意思。
1.
Kitty's
cousins,
Lucy
and
Simon,
have
come
to
Garden
City
to
visit
the
Li
family.
基蒂的堂妹露西和堂弟西蒙到花园城市去拜访李先生一家人。
在这个句子中，现在完成时用于表示动作已经发生（但并不追究动作发生的具体时间），并对现在产生一定的影响（即目前露西和西蒙已经在Garden
City了）。
I’ve
lost
my
passport.
我把护照丢了。（其含义是：I
can't
find
my
passport
now.）
-Where's
Linda?琳达在哪儿呢？
-She’s
gone
to
bed.
她去睡觉了。（其含义是：She
is
in
bed
now.）
We've
bought
a
new
car.
我们买了一辆新车。（其含义是：We
have
a
new
car
and
can
use
it
now.）
2.
How
long
has
she
been
a
teacher?她当老师多久了？
She
has
been
a
teacher
since
1997.
她从1997年开始当老师的。
上述两个句子也使用了现在完成时。本例中的现在完成时用于表示某个动作发生的起点在过去，这个动作一直持续到现在，并还有可能持续下去。这样的句子通常会加上for或since引导的时间状语。如：
He
has
been
a
teacher
here
since
1981.
他自1981年起就在这儿当老师了。（可能还要继续在这儿教很多年）
I
have't
seen
her
for
four
years.
我有四年没见到她了。
【友情提示】
如果句子中的谓语表示持续的动作含义，现在完成时结构中的动词需使用持续性动词，而不可使用短暂性动词。试比较：
【正】
I
have
been
in
the
club
for
three
years.
我加入这个俱乐部已经有三年了。
【误】
I
have
joined
the
club
for
three
years.
(join是短暂性动词)
for和since是现在完成时中常见的两个引导时间状语的词。表示时间的for不能用于以all开头的短语前。如：
They've
worked
all
day.
他们已干了整整一天。
总之，我们应当记住：for后接“时间段”，since后接“时间点”。
3.
He
catches
thieves
and
helps
keep
the
city
safe.
他抓捕小偷、保卫城市的安全。
"keep+名词+形容词”的结构常用来表示‘使……保持某种状态”的意思。
We
should
try
to
keep
the
environment
clean.
我们应当尽力保持环境卫生。
Would
you
please
keep
your
room
tidy,
Ben?本，你能不能让自己的房间保持整洁？
4.
Aunt
Betty
works
in
a
company
in
Beijing,
doesn't
she?贝蒂婶婶在北京的一家公司工作，不是吗？
这是一个反意疑问句。反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一，它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句构成。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是：陈述句+逗号+助动词/be动词/情态动词（肯定或否定形式）+主语。
She
often
has
lunch
at
school,
doesn't
she?她经常在学校吃午饭，不是吗？
You
don't
like
sports,
do
you?你不喜欢体育运动，是吗？
5.
A
watch
is
used
for
telling
the
time.
手表是用来报时的。
We
use
a
watch
for
telling
the
time.
我们用手表来报时。①
A
watch
is
used
for
telling
the
time.
手表是用来报时的。②
(1)我们把句子①的结构称为“主动语态”，把句子②的结构称为“被动语态”。主动语态句的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态句的主语是动作的承受者。被动语态的基本结构是“be+动词的过去分词”。be
used
for的结构表达“被用来……”的意思，后接动词的-ing形式。
Chopsticks
are
used
for
eating
food.
筷子是用来吃饭的。
类似的用法还有be
used
by“被……使用”，be
used
as“被……用作”。
A
knife
is
used
for
cutting
things.
刀是用来切东西的。
The
building
was
used
as
a
shelter
for
homeless
people.那座楼房用来收容无家可归的人。
(2)
tell
the
time意为“报时”。
Little
Mary
can
now
tell
the
time.
小玛丽现在会认时间了。
6.
A
key
ring
is
used
for
holding
the
keys.
钥匙圈是用来挂钥匙的。
hold有“拿着；抓住；夹着”的意思。hold在句中作及物动词时，有以下意义和用法：
(1)
握；抓住；拿住。如：She
is
holding
up
an
umbrella.
她正打着伞。
He
held
me
by
the
sleeve.
他抓着我的袖子。
Hold
the
line.
（打电话用语）稍等／别挂断。
(2)容纳；装着。如：The
hall
can
hold
1,000
people.
这个大厅能容纳1000人。
(3)拥有；占有。如：I
held
the
job
for
two
years.
这工作我干了两年。
(4)举行（会议等）。如：The
Olympic
Games
are
held
every
four
years.
奥运会每四年举办一次。
(5)与hold相关的词组：
hold
back意为“阻碍，阻止”。
hold
on意为“等待，不要挂断电话”等。
hold
up意为“举起；抬起，耽搁”。
7.
Yesterday,
we
took
the
cable
car
to
the
top
of
a
hill.
昨天，我们乘缆车去了山顶。
the
top
of意为“……的顶部”，常用于at
the
top
of(在……的顶部)等短语中。
We
can
have
a
nice
view
from
the
top
of
the
mountain.
从山顶上往下看，我们可以欣赏到不错的景色。
She
is
screaming
at
the
top
of
her
voice.
她正在声嘶力竭地尖叫。
【随堂小练】
I.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
words
in
their
proper
forms.
My
mother
is
a
in
No.
1
Middle
School.
(teach)
There
are
a
lot
of
top
coming
to
Shanghai
this
year.
(design)
Look,
two
are
walking
in
the
street.
(policeman)
The
police
caught
the
two
at
last.
(thief)
The
teacher
tells
us
something
about
road
.
(
safe)
My
father
has
been
an
for
ten
years.
(engine)
Tourists
can
go
to
Beijing
to
see
many
old
(build).
They
have
moved
on
the
floor
in
that
high
rise.
(twelve)
We
have
many
different
in
our
housing
estate.
(job)
10.
Thousands
of
come
to
London
for
sightseeing
and
shopping
every
year.
(visit)
【Keys】I
.
1.
teacher
2.
designers
3.
policemen
4.
thieves
5.
safety
6.
engineer
7.
buildings
8.
twelfth
9.
jobs
10.
visitors
Unit
4
一、核心词汇
1.
anything
pron.
任何东西
【友情提示】
anything表示“某事；某物”，修饰anything的形容词应置于其后。anything多用于否定句、疑问句；也可表示“任何事；任何东西”，主要用于肯定句（有时也可用于其他句型）。
2.
jeans
n.
牛仔裤
【友情提示】
在英语中，表示“裤子”的词通常都使用复数。如：trousers（长裤），pants（裤子），shorts（短裤）等。
3.
myself
pron.
我自己
4.
kid
n.
小孩
【友情提示】
kid为口语，书面语中应使用child。
【拓展】
kid
v.
开玩笑；欺骗：I'm
not
kidding.
我没开玩笑。
5.
fashion
n.
时尚；流行
【拓展】
fashion
n.
时装
fashionable
adj.
时髦的；流行的；时兴的
She
often
wears
a
fashionable
hat.
她常戴一顶时髦的帽子。
6.
super
adj.
超级的
【拓展】
supermarket
n.
超级市场
superman
n.
超人
【友情提示】
super没有比较级和最高级。
7.
spot
n.
斑点；点
【拓展】
spotless
adj.
纯洁的；没有污点的；无瑕疵的
8.
neck
n.
衣领；领子
指点迷津:
neck
与
collar
这两个词在中文中虽然都有“衣领”的意思，但collar指的是有领服装的衣领，而neck指的是无领服装的领圈。此外，neck还可以指“脖子”，但collar无此意。
9.
check
n.
方格图案；格子；方格
【拓展】
check
v.
核对，检查
check
n.
支票
10.
excuse
v.原谅
【拓展】
excuse
n.
理由；借口
11.
certainly
adv.当然；行
【近义词】
surely
adv.
无疑；必定
【反义词】
doubtfully
adv.
怀疑地；含糊地
【拓展】
certain
adj.
确定的；无疑的；必然的
12.
loose
adj.
宽松的
【反义词】
tight
adj.
紧身的；紧的
【拓展】
loosen
v.
放松；使松弛
13.
tight
adj.
紧身的；紧的
【拓展】
tighten
v.
收紧；拉紧
14.
medium
adj.
中等的；中号的
【友情提示】
服装的尺寸大小依次是：extra-small(特小号，XS)，small(小号，S)，medium(中号，M)，large(大号，L)，extra-large(特大号，XL)。
二、语言点梳理
1.
all
right意为“好的”，与OK意思相近。
指点迷津：all
right,
that’s
all
right,
I’m
all
right
与that’s
right
(1)
all
right表示“好；没有问题”，相当于OK，sure或“course，用于表示赞同别人的建议或者回应别人的问题。
-Shall
we
watch
TV
now?我们现在看电视好吗？
-All
right.
好啊！
当all
right用于问句中则表示“可以吗？”的意思。
Let's
begin
our
class.
All
right?我们开始上课，可以吗？
(2)
that’s
all
right表示“没关系；别客气”，当别人对你表示“感谢”或“抱歉”时都可以使用。
-Thank
you
for
helping
me
solve
that
problem.
谢谢你帮我解决那个问题。
-That's
all
right.
别客气。
-I’m
sorry
to
keep
you
waiting
for
so
long.
对不起，让你久等了。
-That's
all
right.
没关系。
(3)
I'm
all
right表示I'm
fine/well的意思，指“本人身体好”。
-How
are
you
doing
these
days?
你最近好吗？
-I’m
all
right.
我很好啊。
(4)
that's
right表示“那是对的；那是正确的”。
-Miss
Lin,
is
the
answer
5?
林老师，答案是5吗？
-Yes,
that's
right.
是的，答案正确。
2.
excuse
me是常用短语，意为“劳驾；请原谅”。
Excuse
me,
what
time
is
it?
劳驾，现在几点了？
Excuse
me
for
being
late.
原谅我迟到了。
指点迷津:
excuse
me
和I’m
sorry
excuse
me和I'm
sorry(可省略为sorry)虽然都可译为“请原谅；对不起”，但它们的使用场合并不完全相同。
(1)
excuse
me的适用场合：
a)向人问路时。
Excuse
me,
which
is
the
way
to
Rose
Garden
School?请问，到玫瑰花园学校怎么走？
b)因失礼而请求别人原谅时。如：
Excuse
me,
I'm
late.请原谅，我来迟了。
c)请求许可时。
Excuse
me,
may
I
look
at
that
book?对不起，我可以看看那本书吗？
d)客气地纠正别人的话时。
Excuse
me,
but
I
don't
think
you
are
right.
对不起，但我认为你是不对的。
e)在席间或聚会场合中需离开片刻时。
Excuse
me,
a
while/just
a
moment.
对不起，我离开一会儿。/对不起，我失陪一下。
回答别人说的excuse
me时，可用That's
all
right.
/Certainly.
/Never
mind.
等。
(2)
I'm
sorry(sorry)的使用场合：
a)当自己要说的话或要做的事可能引起对方不快时。
I'm
sorry,
but
I
don't
think
I
know
you.
对不起，我想我不认识你。
b)当自己无法帮对方的忙时。
Sorry,
I
don’t
know.
对不起，我不知道。
c)当自己无法做某事时。
Sorry,
I
can't
be
there
so
early.
对不起，我不能这么早到那儿。
d)当自己说错了话或做错了事以后。
I'm
very
sorry,
Tom.
I
take
back
what
I
said.
很对不起，汤姆，我收回说过的话。
e)当自己听到别人的不幸消息时。
I’m
sorry
to
hear
that.
听到那个消息我很难过。
I’m
sorry后可跟“介词for+动名词”结构、动词不定式或宾语从句。
I’m
sorry
for
having
kept
you
waiting
so
long.
真对不起，让你久等了。
相当于：I’
m
sorry
to
have
kept
you
waiting
so
long.
回答别人说的I’m
sorry时，常用：It’s
all
right.
/That’
s
all
right.
/That's
OK.
/
It
doesn't
matter.
1.
Do
you
need
anything
from
the
shops?你们需要买些什么吗？
本句中的need是实义动词，作及物动词使用，后直接接名词或代词，表示“需要某物”。
Do
you
need
any
help?你需要什么帮助吗？
2.
All
right.
Alice,
let
me
buy
you
a
pair
of
jeans.
好的。艾丽斯，我给你买一条牛仔裤。
let
somebody
do
something是“让某人做某事”的意思。let后接动词不定式时省略to。
She
lets
her
children
play
in
the
garden.
她让孩子们在花园里玩。
3.
We
don't
need
to
buy
anything
there.
我们不需要在那儿买任何东西。
not
need
to是“不用；不必”的意思，后接动词原形。这里的need是实义动词，该结构是need
to的否定形式。
You
don't
need
to
put
it
on
top
of
the
shelf.
你不用把它放在架子顶上。
4.
I
like
the
ones
with
the
blue
belt.
我喜欢配蓝色腰带的牛仔裤。
I
like
the
one
with
the
short
sleeves.
我喜欢短袖衬衫。
one和ones是不定代词，由于其经常用来替代前文中已经提到过的事物，因此又常常被称为替代词。替代词one和ones的主要用法和注意事项：
(1)
one只能替代单数名词，ones只能替代复数名词。
The
child
doesn't
like
this
book.
Show
her
a
more
interesting
one.
这孩子不喜欢这本书，给她看一本更有趣的吧。(one指代单数名词book)
I
don't
want
these
green
peppers.
Have
you
got
any
red
ones?
我不要这些青椒。你有红椒吗？(ones指代复数名词peppers)
(2)
one或ones必须带有一个限定或修饰词，它们和所替代的名词中心词不一定是指同一对象，这是替代词one或ones在用法上的一个重要特征。
I
don’t
like
this
skirt.
I’d
like
a
more
beautiful
one.
我不喜欢这条短裙，我想要一条更好看的。(more
beautiful是one的修饰词，但并不是指先前的那条短裙)
(3)
当one或ones带有后置修饰语时，它们前面一定有定冠词the。
Our
new
CD
player
is
more
expensive
than
the
one
we
had
before.
我们的新CD播放机比以前的那个更贵。
(we
had
before是one的后置修饰语，one前的定冠词the不能缺失)
(4)
当one或ones在形容词比较级、最高级以及某些限定词如this,
that,
which和序数词等之后，可以省略。
This
book
is
much
better
than
that(one).
这本书比那本书要好得多。
(5)
one或ones通常不用在形容词性物主代词和名词所有格之后。如不可说my
one(s),
your
one(s),
Peter's
one(s)等。one或ones也不能用在形容词own(自己的)之后。但是，如果有了形容词，one(s)可以和形容词性物主代词及名词所有格连用。
My
cheap
camera
seems
to
be
just
as
good
as
John's
expensive
one.
我那部便宜的照相机似乎和约翰那部昂贵的相机一样好用。(John’
s后有形容词expensive，所以需加上替代词one)
(6)
one作替代词时，在of前面不能用the
one来表示所属关系。如：
他放下自己的枪，把亨利的拿了起来。
【误】
He
put
down
his
gun
and
picked
up
the
one
of
Henry.
【正】
He
put
down
his
gun
and
picked
up
Henry's.
(7)
如果one不带任何前置修饰语，即它的前面既没有限定词，又没有形容词时，它便不是替代名词词组的中心词，而是替代整个名词词组。这时，one=a+单数名词。
A
cake
made
of
wheat
costs
less
than
one
made
of
rice.
面粉蛋糕要比米粉蛋糕便宜。(one=a
cake)
one的这种用法是泛指同类事物中的任何一个，因此它没有复数形式。要泛指复数事物时，只能用some。
Here
are
a
few
apples.
Would
you
like
some?
这儿有一些苹果。你要来几个吗？(some=some
of
the
apples)
5.
The
changing
rooms
are
over
there.
试衣间在那边。
over
there意为“在那边”，是常见的地点状语。
I
put
the
computer
over
there
at
your
suggestion.
根据你的建议，我把电脑放在那边了。
6.
Are
they
OK?这条裤子合身吗？
这个句子是典型的口语说法，意为Do
they
fit
you
well?（它们合身吗？）。
这里的代词they指代上文所提到的the
jeans。
如要说“这件衬衫合身吗？”，我们可以说：Is
this
shirt
OK?(=Does
this
shirt
fit
you
well?)
7.
These
jeans
are
too
long
and
loose.
这条牛仔裤太长、太宽松了。
these
jeans在本句中指“一条牛仔裤”。口语中很少说this
pair
of
jeans。又如，口语中常说I
wear
glasses（我戴眼镜），而很少说I
wear
a
pair
of
glasses。
使用时要注意谓语动词的单复数形式。
These
jeans
are
too
long.
这条牛仔裤太长了。（主语是jeans，谓语动词用复数形式）
This
pair
of
jeans
is
too
long.
这条牛仔裤太长了。
（主语是this
pair
of
jeans,
pair为单数，故把整个句子的主语视作单数）
This
pair
of
gloves
costs
50
yuan.
这副手套花了50元。
These
gloves
cost
50
yuan.
这副手套花了50元。
8.
Do
you
have
them
in
my
size?你们这里有我穿的尺寸吗？
in
one's
size意为“某人穿的尺寸”。
【友情提示】
对尺寸提问时，要用疑问词what。
What
size
do
you
want?你想要什么尺寸的？
【随堂小练】
I.
Choose
the
right
word
to
complete
the
sentence.
1.
Would
you
like
(come/to
come)my
home
this
afternoon?
2.
shop
are
you
going
to,
Mum?
(Where/Which)
3.
Do
you
need
from
the
shops?
(something/anything)
4.
I
need
to
buy
a
computer
book
(to/for)my
dad.
5.
My
mother
needs
to
buy
some
food
for
dinner
tonight.
(also/too)
【Keys】1.
to
come
2.
Which
3.
anything
4.
for
5.
also
Unit
5
一、核心词汇
1.
wife
n.
妻子
复数形式为wives
【对应词】
husband
n.
丈夫
【拓展】
housewife
n.
家庭主妇(pl.
housewives)
2.
hut
n.
小屋
【拓展】
Pizza
Hut必胜客
3.
fairy
n.
仙子；小精灵
【拓展】
fairy
adj.
幻想中的；虚构的
fairy
tale童话故事
4.
hard-working
adj.
工作努力的；辛勤的
5.
although
conj.
虽然；尽管；即使
【拓展】
though
conj.
虽然；尽管；即使
指点迷津：although
与though
是一个“关联词”，相当于汉语中的“虽然……，但是……”，用来引导让步状语从句。although比though更为正式。如：
Although/Though
the
sun
was
shining,
I
took
an
umbrella
in
case.
虽然太阳普照大地，我还是带了把雨伞以防万一。
We
lost
the
game
although/though
we
tried
our
best.
尽管已经尽了最大的努力，但我们还是输了比赛。
Although与though所引导的从句均可使用省略句。
Though
very
intelligent,
she
is
still
rather
modest.
尽管天资聪慧，她还是很谦虚。(though后省略了she
is)
Although
in
pain,
she
didn't
cry.
虽然被疼痛折磨，她却没有哭。(although后省略了she
was)
【友情提示】
although和though均不能与连词but出现于同一个句子中。如：虽然下着雨，但我们还是去了那儿。
Though/Although
it
was
raining,
we
went
there.(√)
It
was
raining,
but
we
went
there.(√)
Though/Although
it
was
raining,.but
we
went
there.(X)
但有时为了强调,
although和though均可与still,
yet等副词连用。
Though
she
said
she
would
be
late,
yet
she
arrived
on
time.
她说她会迟到，但后来却准时到了。
Although
he
was
very
tired,
he
still
kept
on
working.
虽然很疲倦了，但他仍在继续工作。
6.
earn
v.挣得；挣钱
7.
comfortable
adj.
舒服的
【拓展】
comfortably
adv.
舒服地
【反义词】
uncomfortable
adj.
不舒服的；不安的；不自在的
8.
reply
v.
回答
【拓展】
reply
n.
回答；答复：I
had
no
reply
to
my
letter.
我没收到回信。
指点迷津：answer
与reply
answer和reply都表示“回答”，均可作名词和动词。answer为一般用语；reply的用法较正式，多用于对问题作出解释、辩论或陈述性回答。两者作名词时都可与to连用，指“……的答案或答复”。
Answer
this
question.
回答这个问题。
I
asked
her
the
reason,
but
she
didn't
reply.
我问她原因，她却没有回答。
I
received
no
reply/answer
to
my
request.
我的要求没有得到任何答复。
answer后面可直接跟宾语，而reply后跟宾语时须与to连用；answer可表示对电话、敲门等作出应答，而reply则没有这个用法。
You
must
reply
to/answer
this
letter
right
away.
你必须马上回复这封信。
Who
answered
the
telephone?
谁接的电话？
如果是指练习题的“答案”，一般用answer。
The
answer
to
6×10
is
60.
6乘以10的答案是60。
9.
greedy
adj.
贪婪的
【拓展】
greed
n.
贪婪；贪欲
greedily
adv.贪食地；贪婪地
10.
happiness
n.
幸福
【拓展】
happy
adj.
快乐的，幸福的
happily
adv.
快乐地，愉快地
【反义词】
unhappiness
n.
忧愁；苦恼
11.
forever
adv.
永远
12.
disappear
v.
消失
【反义词】appear
v.
出现：The
famous
singer
is
appearing
at
the
Music
Festival.
这位著名的歌手将在音乐节上亮相。
13.
vote
v.
投票，表决；选举
【拓展】
voter
n.
投票人；选举人
14.
pocket
n.
口袋
【拓展】
pocket
adj.
微型的；袖珍的
二、语言点梳理
1.
learn
from向……学习
2.
vote
for表决（支持）；投票（赞成）
3.
give
up放弃
“放弃某事”可以说give
up
something，但如果something的地方用代词it或them时，则须用give
it/them
up。
1.
Long
ago,
there
was
a
poor
farmer
called
Fred.
很久以前，有一个名叫弗莱德的农夫。
long
ago意为“很久以前”。
Long
ago,
very
huge
animals
lived
on
the
Earth.
很久以前，地球上生活着巨型动物。
我们还常常用long,
long
ago(很久很久以前),
once
upon
a
time(从前)等短语开始讲述很久以前发生的事情。
Long,
long
ago,
there
lived
a
king.
很久很久以前，有一个国王。
Once
upon
a
time,
there
was
a
farmer
living
in
a
large
forest.
从前，有个农夫住在大森林里。
2.
One
winter
night,
the
Luck
Fairy
visited
them.
一个冬天的晚上，幸运女神来到了他们家。
one
winter
night意为“一个冬天的晚上”。在类似的短语前，不可用介词。
One
summer
morning,
a
thief
broke
into
a
small
house.
一个夏日的早晨，有个小偷闯入了一幢小屋。
3.
I
wish
you
happiness
and
health
forever.
我祝你们永远幸福安康。
“wish+somebody+名词”用来表达自己对别人的祝愿。
I
wish
you
good
luck
forever.
我祝你永远好运。
wish也可以作名词，意为“愿望；希望”，如课本第32页的故事中有如下句子：
I’d
like
to
give
you
three
wishes.
我想帮你们实现三个愿望。
4.
Who
do
you
think
is
a
model
student?你们认为谁是模范学生呢？
这个句子可以用来就如下画线部分提问：
I
think
Mary
is
a
model
student.
【友情提示】
如上例所示，若画线部分的内容位于I
think后的宾语从句中，在提问时要注意将疑问词置于句首，并将I
think改为do
you
think，宾语从句的其他部分照抄，顺序不变。
-Where
do
you
think
Mary
lives?你认为玛丽住在哪里？
-I
think
Mary
lives
in
the
suburbs.
我认为玛丽住在郊区。
-How
do
you
think
Sandy
comes
to
school?你认为桑迪是怎么来学校的？
-I
think
Sandy
comes
to
school
by
underground.
我想桑迪是乘地铁来学校的。
5.
Although
Maths
is
difficult
for
Kitty,
she
never
gives
it
up.
尽管数学对基蒂而言很难，但她从未放弃过。
be
difficult
for意为“对……有难处；对……而言是困难的”。
I
think
it’s
difficult
for
me
to
solve
this
problem.
我认为要我解决这个问题很难。
Is
it
difficult
for
you
to
find
the
post
office?要你找到邮局是不是有困难？
6.
Although
Jill
lives
far
away
from
school,
she
is
never
late
for
class.
尽管吉尔家离学校很远，但她上课从不迟到。
be
late
for意为“……迟到”。
She
hates
to
be
late
for
work.
她不喜欢上班迟到。
Don't
be
late
for
school.
上学别迟到。
【随堂小练】
I.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
words
in
their
proper
forms.
1.
I
think
the
(three)
lesson
is
the
easiest
in
this
book.
Your
calculator
is
much
more
expensive
than
(I).
There
are
quite
a
few
(farm)under
the
tree.
Clowns
usually
bring
us
a
lot
of
fun
and
(happy).
5.
(lucky)
,
he
passed
the
maths
exam
in
the
end.
6.
I
eat
more
and
more
(
health)
food,
for
it's
good
for
me.
7.
At
the
party
children
were
singing
(happy)together.
8.
I
like
staying
at
home
because
it
is
.
(comfort)
9.
My
computer
is
(
difference)
from
Mary's.
10.
How
(beauty)the
flowers
in
our
garden
look!
II.
Choose
the
right
word
to
complete
the
sentence.
Mary
acts
as
the
Luck
at
the
party.
(Fair/Fairy)
Long
ago,
there
was
a
poor
farmer
Fred.
(called/calls)
3.
she
is
young,
she
knows
quite
a
lot.
(When/Although)
4.
Jack
is
not
very
clever,
but
he
is
.
(hard/hard-working)
5.
Finally,
the
plane
in
the
sky.
(disappear/disappeared)
【Keys】
I
.
1.
third
2.
mine
3.
farmers
4.
happiness
5.
Luckily
6.
healthy
7.
happily
8.
comfortable
9.
different
10.
beautiful
II.
1.
Fairy
2.
called
3.
Although
4.
hard-working
5.
disappeared
阅读理解
B.
Choose
the
best
answer.
(根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
When
you
want
to
go
shopping,
decide
how
much
money
you
can
spend
on
new
clothes.
Think
about
the
kind
of
new
clothes.
Think
about
the
kind
of
clothes
you
really
need.
Then
look
for
those
clothes
on
sale
There
are
labels
inside
all
new
clothes.
The
labels
tell
you
how
to
take
care
of
your
clothes.
The
label
for
a
shirt
may
tell
you
to
wash
it
in
warm
water.
A
sweater
label
may
tell
you
to
wash
it
in
cold
water.
The
label
on
a
coat
may
say
“Dry
Clean
Only”.
Washing
may
destroy
the
coat.
If
you
do
as
the
directions
say
on
the
label,
you
can
keep
your
clothes
looking
their
best.
Many
clothes
today
must
be
dry
cleaned.
Dry
cleaning
is
expensive.
When
buying
new
clothes,
check
to
see
if
they
need
to
be
dry
-cleaned.
You
will
save
money
if
you
buy
clothes
that
can
wash
easily.
You
can
save
money
if
you
buy
clothes
that
are
well
made.
Well-made
clothes
last
longer.
They
look
good
even
after
they
have
been
washed
many
times.
Clothes
that
cost
more
money
are
not
always
better
made.
They
don’t
always
fit
better.
Sometimes
less
expensive
clothes
look
and
fit
better
than
more
expensive
clothes.
（
）66.If?you?want?to?save?money?you?can?buy?clothes?that?_____.
A.?don’t?fit?you?
B.?don’t?last?long
C.?need?to?be?dry?cleaned
D.?can?be?washed
（
）67.The?label?inside?the?clothes?tell?you______.
A.?how?to?keep?them?looking?their?best
B.?how?to?save?money
C.?whether?they?fit?you?or?not
D.?where?to?get?them?dry?cleaned
（
）68.
From
this
passage
we
can
learn
that
direction
underlined
means______
in
Chinese.
A.方向
B.说明
C.生产商
D.
专家
（
）69.
If
you
want
to
save
money,
the
first
thing
for
you
to
do
is
.
A.?to?look?for?well-made?clothes
B.?to?see
the
price
C.?to?know?how?to?wash?them
D.?to?read?the?labels?inside?them
（
）70.We?learn?from?the?reading?that?cheaper?clothes?______.
A.?are?always?worse?made
B.?must?be?dry?cleaned
C?can?sometimes?fit?you?better
D.?can?not?be?washed
DABBC
C.
Choose
the
words
or
expressions
and
complete
the
passage.
(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)
Do
you
think
it
is
polite
to
listen
quietly
to
other
people
without
72
change
of
expression
（表情）on
your
face?
73
，
you
need
to
watch
two
Americans
talk.
Notice
how
74
will
have
many
changes
of
expression.
The
listener
may
also
say
something
75
the
other
is
speaking.
These
little
remarks
(话语)may
be
one
word
like
“Really?”
or
it
may
just
be
a
small
76
like
“uh-huh”
or
“mmm”.
This
is
the
77
American
listeners
show
that
they
are
listening
in
a
friendly
way.
A
no-change
expression
often
means
to
them
that
the
listener
is
being
78
.
72.
A.
some
B.
a
little
C.
no
D.
any
73.
A.
Therefore
B.
For
example
C.
If
so
D.
However
74.
A.
he
B.
one
C.
the
man
D.
someone
75.
A.
while
B.
although
C.
as
soon
as
D.
until
76.
A.
speech
B.
word
C.
sentence
D.
sound
77.
A
example
B.
story
C.
way
D.
meaning
78.
A
lovely
B.
polite
C.
understanding
D.
unfriendly
DCBADCD
HOMEWORK
西南模范第二学期初一期末考试
Part
2
Phonetics,
Vocabulary
and
Grammar
(第二部分
语音、词汇和语法)
II.
Choose
the
best
answer
(选择最恰当的答案)
（
）1.Which
of
the
following
underlined
parts
is
different
in
pronunciation
from
others?
A.May
I
take
your
order?
B.
Monitors
were
used
in
the
exam.
C.
Luckily,
I
can
afford
the
trip.
D.
Please
wait
for
me
in
the
corner.
（
）2.Which
of
the
following
is
right?
A.
What’s
your
name?↑
B.
My
name
is
Bob.↑
C.
How
old
are
you?↓
D.
I
am
twelve
years
old.↑
（
）3.It
ten
years
since
he
came
here.
A.is
B.have
been
C.will
be
D.were
（
）4.Bob
is
seen
in
the
park
every
morning.
A.walk
B.to
walk
C.walked
D.walks
（
）5.My
son
thought
that
films
should
be
full
of
funny
acts
to
keep
people
.
A.amused
B.amusing
C.amuse
D.amusement
（
）6.A:
Does
this
pair
of
new
Nike
belong
to?
B:It
must
be
Jeff’s.
It’s
his
birthday
present
from
his
dad.
A.
What
B.
Who
C.
Which
D.
Whose
（
）7.
Helpless
the
poor
girl
is
after
she
lost
both
her
parents
in
the
car
accident!
A.
How
B.
What
C.
What
a
D.
What
an
（
）8.Almost
of
the
young
graduates
faces
the
difficulty
of
finding
a
fine
job.
A.every
one
B.everyone
C.everybody
D.every
body
（
）9.The
police
found
about
the
displays
in
the
museums
had
been
stolen.
A.hundreds
of
B.two
hundreds
of
C.hundred
of
D.two
hundred
of
（
）10.Many
people
of
Ebola
virus
in
the
past
few
month.
A.die
B.died
C.have
died
D.will
die
（
）11.To
remember
things
accurately
,we
don’t
allow
other
thoughts
______our
mind.
A.
enter
B.to
enter
C.entered
D.entering
（
）12.
A:_____
will
he
finish
reading
the
comic
strips?
B:In
three
minutes.
A.How
far
B.How
long
C.How
fast
D.How
soon
（
）13.Millie
suggested
I
______
a
teacher
in
the
future.
A.to
be
B.will
be
C.am
D.be
（
）14.Could
you
give
Jack
this
magazine
_______?
A.when
he
will
be
back
B.when
will
he
be
back
C.when
he
is
back
D.when
is
he
back
（
）15.In
the
USA,
parents______
public
school
education.
A.needn’t
pay
for
B.
don’t
need
pay
for
C.needn’t
to
pay
D.don’t
need
to
pay
（
）16._______people
speak
Chinese
in
the
world.
A.A
lot
B.
A
large
number
of
C.An
amount
of
D.Huge
amounts
of
（
）17.Neither
my
brother
nor
I
______
a
teacher.
A.am
not
B.am
C.are
D.
is
（
）18.The
plane
is
taking
off.
All
the
passengers
should
_______in
ten
minutes.
A.get
abroad
B.got
abroad
C.get
aboard
D.
got
aboard
（
）19.Everyone
went
to
the
picnic
________John
because
he
was
ill.
A.except
B.except
for
C.beside
D.
Besides
（
）20.A:Would
you
like
me
to
bring
you
a
cup
of
coffee?
B:
__________________.
A.Yes,
I’d
like
to.
B.It’s
a
pleasure.
C.Yes,please.
D.
It
doesn’t
matter.
答案：1-5：BCBBA
6-10:BABAC
11—15
BDDCA
16—20
BBAAC
III.
Complete
the
following
passage
with
the
words
or
phrases
in
the
box.
Each
one
can
only
be
used
once
(将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次)
A.
seem
like
B.
sweet
C.
work
D.
week
Perhaps
you
don’t
think
you
need
much
sleep.
Sleep
isn’t
always
the
opposite
of
br
awake.
In
fact,
while
you’re
in
___1___slumber
(睡眠状态），your
brain
is
still
active.
As
you
sleep,
your
brain
passes
through
stages
that
are
necessary
for
you
to
stay
healthy.
Sleep
is
actually
food
for
your
brain.
And
like
food,
sleep
is
not
an
option
(选择）.
It’s
a
need.
Many
people
both
teens
and
adults
believe
that
if
they
don’t
get
enough
sleep
during
the
_____2___
they
can
catch
up
on
that
lost
sleep
over
the
weekend
and
it
will
all
even
out.
Although
this
___3____
a
simple
trade-off
(交换）,
trying
to
pay
back
your
sleep
“debt”on
weekends
doesn’t
always
work.
Therefore
you
need
much
sleep.
A.
move
B.
once
C.
no
longer
D.
blood
It
is
not
always
bad
news
when
brain
cells
die.
The
brain
is
like
a
sculptor
(雕刻家）making
a
statue.
It
cuts
away
material
that
it
___4___need.
Sometimes,
however,
something
goes
wrong.
When
people
suffer
from
stroke
(中风），
for
example,
brain
cells
die
because
they
don’t
get
enough
____5___
for
a
short
time.
The
stroke
victim
sometimes
cannot
speak
and
sometimes
is
unable
to
move
an
arm
or
a
leg.
Recently,
scientists
found
a
way
to
put
new
brain
cells,
grown
in
a
laboratory,
into
a
brain
with
dead
cells.
The
new
cells
move
to
the
damages
area
and
start
to
grow,
replacing
the
cells
that
died.
A
stroke
victim,for
example,
may
recover
speech
and
movement
in
the
arm
or
leg
___6___
the
new
cells
start
to
grow.
Keys:
BDA
CDB
IV.
Complete
the
sentences
wife
the
givers
words
in
their
proper
forms
(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)
What
first
______me
to
her
was
her
sense
of
humour.
(attraction)
He
works
hardest,
but
gets
the
______money
of
all.
(little)
The
______kettle
on
the
table
cost
me
300
yuan.
(electricity)
Henry
_______the
meaning
of
the
words
to
his
son.
(explanation)
I’m
sure
you
will
_____working
out
the
problem
unless
you
give
up.
(success)
Eleven
_______girls
formed
a
football
team
and
won
the
woman
football
game
last
summer.(Germany)
We
had
an
________
quarrel
last
week
so
that
we
haven’t
talked
to
each
other
since
then.(pleasure)
Whenever
Mike
drives
out,
his
parents
always
remind
him
“_______
first”.
(safe)
Keys:1.
attracted
2.
least
3.
electric
4.
explained
5.
succeed
6.Germans
7.
unplesant
8.
Safety
V.
Rewrite
the
following
sentences
as
required
(根据所给要求，改写下列句子。)
“Could
you
please
pass
me
the
book
on
the
table”Jenny
asked
David.
(改为宾语从句）
Jenny
asked
David
_______
_______could
pass
her
the
book
on
the
table.
We
will
stay
here
after
you
come
back.
(保持愿意）
We
won't
_______
here_______
you
come
back.
Jenny
is
good
at
not
only
maths
but
also
physics.
(保持句意）
Jenny
is
good
at
maths
and
physics
________
_________.
He
is
a
man
of
few
words.
(改为反义疑问句）
He
is
a
man
of
few
words,_______
_______?
told,
my,
was,
not
to,
stay,
they,
me,there,
allowed,dog.
(连词
成句）
____________________________________________________________________________
VI.
Reading
Comprehension
(
阅读理解)
A.
Choose
the
best
answer(
根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
If
you
have
to
miss
a
meal
a
day,
which
meal
will
cause
you
fewest
health
problems
if
you
don't
eat
it?
If
you
have
to
make
a
decision
of
this
type,
most
people
(especially
very
busy
people)
will
choose
to
skip
breakfast.
However,
many
experts
in
the
field
of
health
consider
breakfast
(
the
meal
which
"break"
you
"fast"
)
to
be
the
most
important
t
meal
of
the
day.
If
we
eat
a
good
breakfast,
they
say,
we
will
have
the
energy
and
nutrients
(营养)
we
need
to
begin
our
working
day
with
vigor(活力)
and
stay
hopeful
with
good
honor.
However,
many
people
skip
breakfast
or
substitute
a
cup
of
coffee
for
a
well
balanced
meal.
What
happens
if
we
ignore
the
importance
of
breakfast?
One
recent
study
conducted
in
the
United
States
tested
a
large
number
of
people.
Participants
included
both
males
and
females
who
ranged
in
age
from
12
to
83.
The
results
showed
that
if
a
person
eats
an
adequate
breakfast,
he
or
she
will
work
more
efficiently
and
more
productively
than
if
he
or
she
skips
breakfast
or
eats
a
very
poor
breakfast.
This
fact
appears
to
be
especially
true
if
a
person's
work
involves
mental(脑力的)
activities.
The
study
showed
that
if
school-children
eat
fruit,
eggs,
bread
and
milk
before
going
to
school,
they
will
learn
more
quickly
and
will
be
able
to
concentrate
(集中)on
their
lessons
for
a
longer
period
of
time
than
if
their
breakfast
is
inadequate.
The
study
also
showed
that
contrary
to
what
people
believe,
if
you
skip
breakfast,
you
will
not
lose
weight.
This
is
because
people
become
so
hungry
if
they
skip
breakfast
that
they
eat
too
much
for
lunch
and
end
up
gaining
weight
instead
of
losing.
So
remember,
if
you
want
to
lose
weight,
skipping
breakfast
will
not
help
you.
You
will
likely
lose
more
weight
if
you
decrease
your
other
meals.
1.
According
to
experts,
breakfast
is
the
most
important
meal
of
the
day
because
_____.
A.
a
good
breakfast
breaks
you
down
fast
B.
you'll
lose
weight
quickly
if
you
skip
breakfast
C.
breakfast
provides
what
a
person
needs
to
work
D.
after
a
long
night,
you'll
feel
very
hungry
2.
The
underlined
part
"substitute
a
cup
of
coffee
for
a
well
balanced
meal"(Para.
2)
probably
means
_______.
A.
to
exchange
a
cup
of
coffee
for
a
well
balanced
meal.
B.
To
drink
a
cup
of
coffee
instead
of
a
well
balanced
meal.
C.
To
change
a
cup
of
coffee
into
a
well
balanced
meal.
D.
To
regard
a
cup
of
coffee
as
a
well
balanced
meal.
3.
The
example
of
school-children
in
para.3
shows
that
_______.
A.school-children
will
be
quick
and
attentive
all
day
if
they
eat
breakfast
B.a
proper
breakfast
will
make
mental
workers
more
efficient
C.fruit,
eggs,
bread
and
milk
are
the
best
breakfast
for
mental
workers
D.school-children
who
have
breakfast
are
much
brighter
than
those
who
don't
4.
Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
true
according
to
Para.
4?
A.Some
people
skip
breakfast
because
they
want
to
be
slimmer.
B.Most
people
who
skip
breakfast
actually
eat
more
for
lunch.
C.People
put
on
weight
because
they
eat
too
much
breakfast.
D.Skipping
breakfast
won't
help
people
who
want
to
lose
weight.
5.
The
best
title
of
the
passage
is
_______
A.How
to
Lose
Weight
B.
What's
a
Healthy
Diet
C.
Surprising
Results
of
a
Study
D.
Breakfast
-
A
Meal
That
Breaks
You
Fast
Keys:CBBCD
B.
Choose
the
words
or
expressions
to
complete
the
passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语,完成短文):
(12分)
Grandma
was
the
only
mother
Thomas
had
ever
known.
She
appeared
to
be
a
loving
lady
but
often
angered
easily.
When
Thomas
one
day
discovered
that
other
children
had
someone
they
called
Mum
and
asked
why
he
must
call
her
grandma
instead
of
Mum.
She
told
him
gently
about
his
mother’s
death
before
he
was
three
months
old.
There
was
not
the
same
reaction(反应)
when
he
asked
why
he
had
75
to
call
Dad.
Then
his
grandmother
glared
at
(瞪着)
him
and
got
angrier
than
he
had
76
seen
and
the
sharp
reply
was,”
He
was
a
bad
man.
He
didn’t
want
your
mother,
and
he
didn’t
want
you
when
you
were
born.
Thomas
never
asked
about
his
father
any
more.
Shortly
after
his
fifth
birthday
and
two
days
before
Christmas
Day,
Thomas
was
woken
up
by
his
grandma’s
calling
to
him
from
her
bedroom.
Running
into
the
old
lady’s
room,
he
found
her
77
for
breathlessness,
and
between
gasps
(喘气)，trying
to
tell
him
to
fetch
the
next-door
neighbour.
As
soon
as
the
neighbour
arrived,
she
sent
Thomas
to
call
another
neighbour.
Next
Thomas
was
told
he
must
stay
downstairs,
so
he
sat
in
the
kitchen,
trying
to
give
all
his
78
to
his
toys.
He
was
there
to
see
the
doctors
arrive,
and
to
see
him
leave
a
few
minutes
later.
This
eased(减轻)
Thomas
worry.
A
doctor
would
stay
a
long
time
with
someone
who
was
seriously
ill.
The
fact
that
the
doctor
left
so
79
after
his
arrival
meant
that.
Grandma
was
going
to
be
all
right
again.
He
expected
to
be
told
he
could
go
upstairs
and
see
her.
But
the
first
neighbour
came
down
and
explained
that
Grandma
was
80
and
the
doctor
had
said
that
she
couldn’t
be
disturbed
(打扰).
Shortly
afterwards
the
second
neighbour
came
down,
helped
Thomas
put
his
toys
in
a
box,
and
then
took
him
to
have
lunch
with
her
and
her
two
children.
75.A.none
B.someoneC.no
one
D.
anyone76.A.
neverB.
notC.hardlyD.
ever77.A.
keepingB.
fightingC.
appearingD.
starting78.A.
noteB.attentionC.
interestD.
attraction79.A.
quicklyB.
fastC.
hurriedlyD.
soon80.A.
lying
in
the
bedB.
laying
in
bed
C.
sleepingD.
gone
Keys：CDBBDCC
C.
Read
the
passage
and
fill
in
the
blanks
with
proper
words
(在短文内填入恰当的词，使文章通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给出）
Have
you
ever
seen
an
exhibition
of
rare
Mexican
grey
wolves?
There
are
five
male
wolves
in
Brookfield
Zoo
now.
The
exhibition
is
d___81____into
two
areas,
an
indoor
room
and
a
peaceful
outdoor
viewing
or
playing
area.
In
the
indoor
area
of
the
exhibition,
which
is
small
and
can
e___82____become
crowded,
you
can
see
the
wolves
t____83____one-way
glass
and
also
enjoy
a
few
different
activities.
One
of
these
activities
is
very
interesting.
You
stand
in
a
dark
room,
listening
to
recorded
wolf
howls(长嚎).
You
can
really
get
an
idea
of
what
it
feels
like
to
be
in
a
dark
and
d___84___forest.
After
about
a
minute
and
a
half,
some
wolves
in
the
woods
a
___85___on
the
wall
in
front
of
you.
It
is
a
great
experience
for
n____86____lovers.
In
the
outdoor
area
of
the
exhibition,
there
is
a
small
river,
ponds,
fallen
trees
and
a
wetland.
Visitors
can
walk
among
lifelike
models
of
wolf
prey(猎物),
learning
about
different
hunting
s___87___the
wolves
use,
how
they
store
their
food
and
how
they
communicate,
while
watching
the
wolves
from
behind
an
electric
fence.
After
a
tour
of
the
exhibition,
you
can
read
Wolf
Brother
written
by
Paver.
It
was
made
into
a
movie
by
director
Ridley
Scott.
Welcome
to
our
exhibition
of
rare
Mexican
grey
wolves.
81
divided
82
easily
83
through
84
deep
85
appear
86
nature
87
skills
D.
Answer
the
questions
(阅读回答问题)
Have
you
ever
heard
the
story
of
the
four-minute
miles?
Many
years
ago,
people
believed
that
it
was
impossible
for
a
human
Being
to
run
a
mile
in
less
than
four
minutes
until
Roger
Banister
proved
it
wrong
in
1954.
What
happens
if
you
put
an
animal
in
a
pond?
Any
animal,
big
or
small,
will
swim
its
way
through.
What
happens
when
someone,
who
doesn't
know
how
to
swim,
falls
in
deep
waters?
They
drown.
If
an
animal
who
has
not
learnt
swimming
could
escape
by
swimming,
why
not
you?
Because
you
believe
you
will
drown
while
the
animal
doesn't.
Have
you
ever
wondered
why
the
letters
are
organized
in
a
particular
order
on
your
keyboard?
You
might
have
thought
it
is
to
increase
the
typing
speed.
Most
people
never
question
it.
But
the
fact
is
that
this
system
was
developed
to
reduce
the
typing
speed
at
a
time
when
typewriter
parts
would
jam（堵塞）
if
the
operator
typed
too
fast.
These
three
cases
show
the
power
of
our
beliefs.
There
is
no
other
more
powerful
directing
force
in
human
behavior
than
belief.
Your
beliefs
have
the
power
to
create
and
to
destroy.
A
belief
delivers
command
to
your
nervous
system.
I
used
a
snake
in
my
workshops
for
children
to
show
them
how
unrealistic
some
of
their
beliefs
are.
Students
of
a
school
in
India,
said
snakes
are
slippery
and
slimy
and
poisonous.
After
doing
an
exercise
for
changing
beliefs,
they
handled
my
snake
and
found
it
to
be
dry
and
clean.
They
also
remembered
that
only
three
types
of
poisonous
snakes
exist
in
India.
Did
this
story
end
the
way
you
thought?
Review
your
beliefs
now
and
find
out
which
ones
you
need
to
change?
Who
first
run
a
mile
in
less
than
four
minutes?
_________________________________________________________________
If
we
put
an
animal
in
a
pound,
what
will
happen?
_________________________________________________________________
Why
are
the
letters
organized
in
such
a
particular
order
on
your
keyboard?
They
are
organized
in
such
a
particular
order______________________________.
What
does
the
writer’s
experiment
show?
It
shows_______________________________________.
What
does
the
writer
think
of
beliefs?
They
________________________________________.
Keys:1.
Roger
Banister
2.
It
will
swim
its
way
through
3.to
reduce
the
typing
speed
at
a
time
4.Yes,
it
does
5.
They
are
powerful.
