2020-2021学年牛津译林版七年级下册英语（语法教案）一般过去时精讲

(01)七年级下册Unit5一般过去时精讲精练
先导篇
时间在英语中的划分。
七年级掌握的时态：一般过去时，过去进行时，一般现在时，现在进行时和一般将来时。（详细见4种时态的专题教案）
(
将来
)
(
现在
)
(
时间
划分
)
(
过去
)
(
时间线
)
(
动作和动作的关系
)
表示动作1
表示动作2
动作1和动作2在同一个时间点上，两个动作同时发生；
表示动作3
动作1/2和动作3不在同一时间点上，两个动作有先后。
谁能表示时间？
时间本身表示时间
例如：yesterday(昨天)
谓语动词通过不同的形式表示时间。
I
went
to
school
by
bus.其中went表示的就是过去。
时间和谓语动词是相互的关系。
时间决定了谓语动词的形式，谓语动词同样能够反映时间。
例1：I
_______
(go)
to
school
by
bus
when
I
was
young.
其中was是过去式，告诉我们一个过去的时间，因此go也用过去式，went。
例2：I
________
(go)
to
school
on
foot
yesterday.
其中yesterday是具体的时间，go用went.
定义
过去某个时间发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性或经常性的动作或行为；主语过去所具备的能力或性格。
基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其它
过去的时间：
具体的时间
yesterday(昨天),
two
days
ago
(两天前),
last
year
(去年),
the
other
day
(几天前),
once
upon
a
time
(很久以前),
just
now(刚刚),
in
the
old
days(在过去的日子里),
long
long
ago(很久以前).
句意中隐藏的时间
--Look
at
the
sign.
Reading
aloud
is
not
allowed
(允许)
in
the
reading
room.
--Oh,
I’m
sorry.
I
___________.
A.
don’t
notice
B.
didn’t
notice
C.
will
notice
D.
am
not
noticing
【答案
】B
【解析
】根据句意，“请看指示牌，阅览室不允许大声朗读。”“对不起，我没注意。”
说话者回答的时候已经注意到了，所以应该是之前没有注意。故选B。
主从复合句
He
_______
the
room
with
me
when
he
stayed
there.
shared
B.
shares
C.
is
going
to
share
D.
share
【答案
】A
【解析
】when引导时间状语从句，从句中went为过去式，主句也用过去式。故选A。
一般过去时的基本用法
基本用法
例句
表示在过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态
My
mother
felt
ill
last
week.
我妈妈上周觉得身体不适。
Simon
was
unhappy
yesterday.
昨天西蒙不开心。
表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作
He
often
helped
me
with
my
English
last
term.
上学期他经常帮我学习英语。
I
wrote
to
my
parents
once
a
week
at
college.
上大学时我每周给父母写一次信。
动词过去式的构成规律
规则变化
一般情况下在动词末尾直接加-ed
Work—worked
Look—looked
Play--played
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d
Live—lived
Hope—hoped
Use--used
以“辅音字母加y“结尾的动词，变y为i加-ed
Study—studied
Carry—carried
Worry--worried
以重读闭音节结尾并且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后的辅音字母加-ed
Stop—stopped
Plan--planned
不规则变化
背诵不规则变化表。
练习
填空题
You
__________
(promise)
to
take
our
boy
to
Disneyland
last
year.
Don’t
let
him
down
again.
The
old
computer
_________
(break)
down
easily,
so
I
had
to
restart
it
again
and
again
yesterday.
Dad
_________
(bring)
them
to
our
house
and
Mum
soon
had
a
lunch
ready
for
them.
I
________
(forget)
to
turn
off
the
light
when
I
left
my
room
yesterday.
Last
month
Prince
William’s
wife
Kate
________
(give)
birth
a
girl
at
a
London
hospital.
She
________
(grow)
up
in
a
small
town,
although
she
lives
in
a
big
city
now.
II.
选择题
–Jerry,
have
you
ever
been
to
the
Great
Wall?
--Yes.
I
_______
there
with
my
parents
last
year.
go
went
C.
will
go
D.
have
gone
2.
–Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
our
hometown
over
the
past
years.
--Yeah.
Things
_________
different
when
we
were
young.
A.
have
been
B.
are
C.
will
be
D.
were
There
won’t
live
here
any
longer.
They
______
to
Chengdu
last
month.
A.
move
B.
moved
C.
will
move
D.
are
moving
–Did
you
do
anything
interesting
last
Sunday?
--Not
really.
I
just
________
at
home.
A.
stay
B.
stayed
C.
will
stay
D.
am
staying
–Have
you
ever
been
to
Singapore?
--Yes.
I
________
there
last
year
with
my
parents.
A.
go
B.
went
C.
have
been
D.
was
going