2021中考英语二轮复习语法专题精讲精练9.情态动词（34张PPT）

专题九　情态动词
2021中考英语二轮复习 语法专题突破 精讲精练
考点1 情态动词的基本用法
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}词汇
含义及用法
示例
can
表示能力,“能,会”,其否定式是cannot＝can't
I can play the guitar,but I can't play the violin.
表示允许,“可以”,Can I…？意为“我可以……吗？”较口语化
Can I go home now？
could
是can的过去式,表示过去的能力
Lucy could swim at the age of five.
could也可表示较can更为委婉的语气
Could you help me？
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}词汇
含义及用法
示例
may(might)
表示“请求许可”,意思是“可以,可能”,其一般疑问句的否定回答为mustn't/can't,might是may的过去式,语气比may更委婉
—May I go out and play football?—No,you mustn't.
should
意为“应该”,表示按情理应该如何,也可以表示一种责任和义务
You should go to see the doctor.
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}词汇
含义及用法
示例
must
表示义务、命令或要求,意思是“必须,应该”,否定形式为mustn't,意思是“不准，不允许”,表示警告
You must be careful next time.You mustn't take photos here.
表示说话人的主观看法
I must go home now.
must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答时用must,have to；否定回答时用needn't或don't have to
—Must I finish the homework today?—No，you needn't/you don't have to.
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}词汇
含义及用法
示例
have to
have to表示客观需要,意为“不得不,必须”,有人称、时态和数的变化,后跟动词原形
He had to stay at home because of the heavy rain.
need
作情态动词时意为“需要”,常用于疑问句和否定句中
He needn't come here.
以need引导的疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't
—Need I go there tomorrow?—Yes，you must./No,you needn't.
作行为动词时,有人称和数的变化,后常跟不定式作宾语,只用于肯定句中
He needs to see a doctor.
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}词汇
含义及用法
示例
had better
意为“最好”,没有人称和数的变化,后跟动词原形
You'd better have a good rest.
will(would)
表示请求、建议等,would比will委婉客气
Would you please pass me the book？
表示意志、愿望和决心等
I will never do that again.They asked if we would come to see him.
【辨析】must与have to
must意为“必须”，表示说话人的主观意志和看法；have to意为“不得不”，表示有客观原因所以不得已而为之。
【典例剖析】
(2020·新疆)My classmate is jumping so far! I________ believe my eyes.
A.shouldn't　　　　 　B.needn't
C.mustn't D.can't
剖析：句意：我的同学跳得这么远。我________相信自己的眼睛。shouldn't不应该；can't不能；mustn't禁止；needn't不需要。根据句意“我的同学跳得这么远”可知应该是“我不能相信自己的眼睛”。故选D。
【对点演练】
(　　)1.(2020·黔南)Polluted air and water ________ kill plants，animals，and even people.
A.can B.can't C.should D.shouldn't
(　　)2.(2020·龙东)—Mum，________I do my homework tonight?
—No，you ________.But you must finish it before Sunday.
A.need；mustn't B.must；needn't
C.must；mustn't
A
B
(　　)3.(2020·临沂)Only plants and animals that need very little water ________ live in a desert.
A.can 　　 B.need 　　　 　C.must
(　　)4.(2020·自贡)—Must we wear school uniforms everywhere?
—No，we ________.
A.needn't B.mustn't
C.can't
A
A
考点2 情态动词表推测的用法
1.表示肯定推测的情态动词
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}词汇
含义及用法
示例
may
意为“也许”,语气一般
Mr.Li may be at home.
might
意为“或许”,语气最弱
She might have gone to the reading room.
could
意为“很可能”,语气强于may
The story book could be Li Ping's.He likes reading stories.
must
意为“必定，一定”,语气最强烈
The book must be Lucy's.Her name is on the cover.
can
表可能性,时常用在疑问句中
—Where can my pen be?—It may be in your desk.
2.表示否定推测的情态动词
(1)can't 表示否定推测，语气强烈，意为“一定不；不可能”。如：
That can't be Miss Gao.She has gone to Shanghai.那不可能是高老师。她去上海了。
(2)may not 也表示否定推测，语气不确定，意为“可能不是”。如：
It may not be my pen.这可能不是我的钢笔。
【典例剖析】
(2020·滨州)—On my way to the bookstore，I saw Mary hanging out with her friends.
—It________be her.She has gone to Beijing.
A.can't　 B.mustn't 　C.might 　D.could
剖析：句意：——在我去书店的路上，我看见玛丽和她的朋友们在一起。——________是她。她去北京了。can't不可能；mustn't禁止；might可能，表推测；could可能。分析语意可知，此处表示可能性，根据“She has gone to Beijing.”可知，不可能是玛丽，表否定推测。故选A。
【对点演练】
(　　)5.(2020·铜仁)—How delicious the meal is! Did Kangkang's mother cook it?
—It________ be her.These days she has been in a poor village to help the people there.
A.can't B.won't C.mustn't D.needn't
(　　)6.(2020·福建)—Is this book Linda's?
—It ________ be hers.Sandy's name is on the cover.
A.can't B.mustn't C.needn't
A
A
(　　)7.(2020·怀化)—Where's Jane?
—I'm not sure.She ________ in the library.
A.might be B.must be C.can't be
(　　)8.(2020·武威)You haven't eaten all day.You ________ be very hungry.
A.couldn't B.can't C.might D.must
A
D
(　　)1.(2020·黄石)—Mom，________ I watch TV tonight?
—Sure，but you ________ finish your homework first.
A.can；mustn't B.may；could
C.may；can't D.can；must
(　　)2.(2020·黄石十四中教育集团九年级6月月考)—Is that man your English teacher，Jack?
—It ________ be him.He has gone to Beijing for a meeting.
A.must B.might C.can't D.could
D
C
(　　)3.(2020·大冶市九年级6月调研)—Where are you going for your summer holiday，Tina?
—I haven't decided yet.I ________ go to Russia.My uncle is there.
A.must B.should C.may D.can
(　　)4.(2020·黄石九年级5月调研)—Must I be back before 8 o'clock?
—No，you ________.
A.mustn't B.can't C.needn't D.may not
C
C
(　　)5.(2019·大冶九年级素质检测)—Let's go climbing，shall we?
—You ________ be joking！Don't you know I have a fear of heights?
A.can B.must C.need D.could
(　　)6.(2020·黄石九年级4月调研)—Where is Mom now?
—I'm not sure.She ________ be in the kitchen.
A.shall B.may C.must D.need
B
B
(　　)7.(2020·黄石九年级6月模拟)—Difficulties always go with me!
—Cheer up！If a door is closed in front of you，there ________ be a window opened for you.
A.would B.must C.could D.can
B
专题精练
单项选择
(　　)1.(2020·咸宁)—Mum，it's too hot.________ I swim in the lake with my friends?
—No，you ________.That's too dangerous!
A.Could；mustn't B.Need；couldn't
C.Must；needn't D.Should；can't
(　　)2.(2020·益阳)—Must we clean the classroom at once?
—No，you ________.You may clean it after school.
A.mustn't　　 B.needn't　　 C.can't
A
B
(　　)3.(2020·遂宁)Mr.Smith________ be in the office.Because he has gone to Chengdu on business.
A.mustn't B.shouldn't
C.can't D.needn't
(　　)4.(2020·乐山)—________ we leave the library before 5 o'clock?
—No，you needn't.You can stay here until 5：30.
A.Must 　　 B.May 　　　 C.Can
C
A
(　　)5.(2020·青岛)—Allen，shall we go to the bookstore this afternoon?
—I'm sorry，David，but I ________ meet my cousin at the train station.
A.have to B.can
C.may D.could
(　　)6.(2020·成都)—Look！People outside are wearing thick coats.
—The weather ________ be very cold.
A.might 　　 B.must 　　　 C.can't
A
B
(　　)7.(2020·凉山)—Is that Mary over there?
—It ________ be her.She has gone to Kunming.
A.may B.must
C.can't D.mustn't
(　　)8.(2020·广元)There ________ something wrong with my mobile phone.It can't work these days.
A.must be 　　 B.can't be 　　　C.may be
C
A
(　　)9.(2020·菏泽)—Look！This restaurant is always crowded.
—The food here ________ be very delicious.Let's go and have a taste.
A.need 　　 B.can't 　　　 C.must
(　　)10.(2020·鄂州)—Whose textbook is it？Is it Jenny's?
—No，it ________ be Jenny's.Look，Helen's name is on the cover.I think it ________ be Helen's.
A.can't；must B.mustn't；must
C.can't；may D.mustn't；may
C
A
(　　)11.(2020·连云港)If we don't protect nature，some wildlife ________ die out in the future.
A.need B.may
C.can't D.shouldn't
(　　)12.(2020·无锡)You ________ be able to control all the things that happen to you，but you can decide not to be reduced by them.
A.need not B.may not
C.must not D.should not
B
B
(　　)13.(2020·昆明)You are not allowed to play with fire in the forest.It ________ kill plants，animals and even people.
A.might B.might not
C.should D.should not
(　　)14.(2019·贵阳)—Dad，my bike is broken.________ I use yours?
—Sure！It's in the backyard.
A.Must B.Should
C.May D.Need
A
C
(　　)15.(2019·龙东)—Mom，may I go to the party with my friends tonight?
—Yes，you ________.But you ________ be back by 10：00 p.m.
A.can；may B.must；have to
C.may；must D.mustn't；must
(　　)16.(2019·广东)Dirty air and water are harmful.They ________ kill plants，and even people.
A.can B.can't
C.should D.shouldn't
C
A
(　　)17.(2019·青岛)As middle school students，we ________ follow the public rules wherever we go.
A.would B.should
C.might D.could
(　　)18.(2019·安徽)The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light，so you ________ worry about its weight.
A.must B.may
C.can't D.needn't
B
D
(　　)19.(2019·温州)We don't allow taking magazines out，but you ________ copy the article you need on the machine over there.
A.can B.must
C.should D.would
(　　)20.(2019·泰州)—This task is really beyond me.
—Well，if you ________ solve it，you won't get paid.
A.can't B.needn't
C.mustn't D.shouldn't
A
A
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