2012高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题--阅读理解猜测词义2

2012高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题--阅读理解猜测词义2
************************Passage ****************
On May 21,1999, some American scientists were working at the computers to look for information they needed. Suddenly they saw a lot of very bright red spots crossing the computers' screens. At the same time the computers were working much slower. To find out what was happening, they stopped their work to check some parts of the computers. To their horror, they found out that most of their stored information was got rid of by computer viruses(病毒) ! Obviously all these computers had been infected by computer viruses.
It is said that the computer viruses were made by two or three Philippine young men food of playing tricks. They all had excellent education. They created the viruses just to show their intelligence(才智). The kind of computer virus is named"Love You"Virus This virus can hide in computers for a long time. When the time comes they will attack the computers by lower- ing the important fimctlons(功能), damaging their normal pro grams or even getting rid of a great deal of information which operators of the computers often use or store. What's worse, it still can reproduce itself in great quantities within a short time.
We have come to know that" Love You"Virus often at- tacks computers on Mondays and that it is spreading to many computers in the world. Among the countries that suffered computer viruses recent years are Britain, Australia, Switzer- land and the U. S. Those who made the computer viruses have been found out slowly and carefully. But till now, how to get rid of the terrible viruses remains a problem.
1. Two or three Philippine young men created the computer vi ruses to_______.
A. damage the computers
B. test their ability quickly
C. tell the world that they were intelligent
D. play a trick on operators of the computers
答案：C 指导：由文章第二段的“just to show their intelligence"可知应选C
2. According to the passage, computer viruses seem to
A. have heen in nature for years
B. exist in any computers
C. be able to be got rid of in the near future
D. be difficult to get rid of at present
答案：D 指导：由短文最后一句可知应选D，至今，仍无法消灭计算机病毒。
3. The most serious damage catted by the viruses is that________.
A. the computer's functions are lowered
B. the normal programs are damaged
C. most the information stored in the computers is gone
D. the computers infected by the viruses can no longer be used
答案：C 指导：因为一旦计算机中的信息被毁坏，那会带来极其严重的后果，故应选C
4. According to the passage, which of the following is true'
A. Scientists are trying to find a way to get rid of the viruses.
B. The viruses will come to the new computer after staying in the old one for some time.
C. Last year four countries found their computers were infec ted by viruses.
D. The "Love You"Virus is a great harm to human health.
答案：A 指导：分析短文可知答案为A，科学家们正努力寻找消灭计算机病毒的方法。
Passage ****************
Facing sorest test. Bush declares "national tragedy"
The worst attack on US soil since Pearl Harbor tore George W. Bush from what should have been routine education event Tuesday and threw him into the direst crisis of his young presidency.
The US leader was reading to schoolchildren at an elemen tary school when his chief of staff, Andrew Card, interrupted him and whispered into his ear. The president's face clouded but he said nothing.
"We'll talk about it later, "He told reporters as he walked out of Sandra Kay Daniels' second grade class, where he also listened to 18 smiling young pupils go through routine reading and pronunciation clrills.
Card's intervention came after a plane slammed into one of New York' s twin World Trade Center towers. but before a second plane crashed into the other landmark office building.
The president spoke out after the second incident, aborting another education themed event and declaring "a national trag edy"and vowing an all-out hunt for the authors of what he called an apparent terrorist attack.
Bush said"he had ordered that the full resources of the fed eral government go to help the victims and their families and to conduct a fullscale investigation to hunt down and to find those folks that committed this act. Terrorism against our na tion will not stand."
"Today we've had a national tragedy. Two airplanes have crashed into the World Trade Center in an apparent terrorist at tack on our country. I have spoken to the Vice President. to the Governor of New York, to the Director of the FBI, "He said.
1. When Bush definitely learned the attack news from his chief of staff, Andrew Card
A. Soon after the first plane crashed into one of New York' s twin World Trade Center towers.
B. In the middle of two attacks.
C. Just after another plane crashed into the other landmark office building.
D. On his journey to his office.
答案：B 指导：推理题。布什得到爆炸消息是在第一次撞击后，而在第二次撞击前，即应是两次撞击的中间，选B.
2. In "aborting another education-themed event" the word "aborting"is the same meaning with______.
A. putting off B. delaying
C. postponing D. stopping
答案： D指导：词义解释。abort基本意是“流产”，延伸义是“停止、取消”。
3. Which of the following steps Bush administration will take is not true.'
A. To find out the incident-maker.
B. To help the victims and their families.
C. To declare the attack day as a national tragedy.
D. To put off the education themed event.
答案： D 指导：“steps”意为“措施”，倒数第二段和第三段中，A、B、C项都有提及。只有D项不是与A、B,C并列的救急措施。
Passage ****************
University researchers tested the effects of different colored walls on two groups of visitors. For the first group, the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. The movement of each group was followed by an electric system hidden under the carpet. Tie experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown room walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than the people in the white environment. Dark brown stimulated(刺激)more activity, but the activity ended sooner.
Not only the choice of colors but also the appearance (外表) of a room has effect on those inside it. In a second experi ment the researchers prepared subjects with photos of faces. Three groups of subjects were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in a different kind of room. One group was in an "ugly"room that seemed to be a messy (零乱的) storeroom. Another group was in a common room an of- fice. The third group was in a beautiful living room.
Results showed that the subjects in the beautiful loom ap- peared to give higher ratings (评价) to the faces than those in the ugly room did.
Other studies suggest that students do better at tests taken in comfortable rooms than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.
1. An electric system under the carpet was used to discover________.
A. what the visitors wanted to do
B. the activity of different groups of visitors
C. how the visitors entered the different rooms
D. whether the visitors walked quickly or not
答案：B 指导：一个置于地毯下的电子系统用来发现不同来访者的活动情况。
2. According to the passage, the people who entered the white room walked more than those who were in the dark brown one.
A. quickly B. slower
C. quick D. slowly
答案： D 指导：第一段第四句话：“实验表明那些进入深棕色(茶褐色)房间的人比在白色环境中的人走得更快些，通过的面积多些，同时花费的时间少些。”该题是用相反的形式设置的。
3. "... but also the appearance of a room has effect on those inside t. "In the sentence those refers to_______.
A. subjects B. researchers
C. some people D. different colors
答案： A指导：those指接受实验者。
4. The passage gives us_______facts that different rooms give people different effects.
A. one or two B. two
C. three D. four
答案：C 指导：文章列举了三个不同房间给人们不同影响的事例。第一，粉刷不同颜色的房间。第二，实验材料为面部照片在不同房间受到不同的评价。第三，学生在舒适的室内考试成绩要比平常或难看的室内好。
Passage ****************
Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learn lng to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if cor rected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's. In the same way, children learning to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle, compare (比较) their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.
If it is a matter of right answer, as it may be in mathemat ics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time to such routine work Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let the chil dren learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.
1. According to the passage, the best way for children to learn things is by_______
A. listening to skilled people's advice
B. asking older people many questions
C. making mistakes and having them corrected
D. doing what other people do
答案：D 指导：儿童学习技能的最佳方法是模仿他人所做的事情，篇首以语言习得为例，说明儿童观察、模仿、运用的系列过程。
2. Which of the following does the writer think teachers should NOT do
A. Give children correct answers.
B. Allow children to make mistakes.
C. Point out children's mistakes to them.
D. Let children mark their own work.
答案：C 指导：文章论述教学中教师应引导儿童自我发现问题、解决问题，而不应该包办代替。A、B、D与文章观点不符。
3. According to the writer, teachers in school should__________.
A. allow children to learn from each other
B. point out children's mistakes whenever found
C. correct children's mistakes as soon as possible
D. give children more book knowledge
答案：A 指导：儿童应相互学习。根据文章中相关信息(见第一自然段末)即可判断正确答案。
4. The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are_________.
A. different from learning other skills
B. the same as learning skills
C. more important than other skills
D. not really important skills
答案：B 指导：根据文章陈述的观点，学习语言与学习骑车规律上是一致的。
5. The title of this passage could probably be__________.
A. Let Our Teachers Stop Work
B. Let Us Make Children Leam
C. Let Children Correct their Exercises
D. Let Children Learn by Themselves
答案：D指导：主张儿童自学符合文章主题。
Passage ****************
Robably you have seen photographs of the Grand Canyon (峡谷), the great valley in the desert country of Arizona. But you must go there yourself to feel its true size and beauty. Tie Grand Canyon is one of the greatest natural wonders of the world.
The Colorado River formed the Grand Canyon over mil lions of years. Slowly, the river cut down through hard rock. At the same time. the land was rising. Today. the canyon is one and a half kilometres deep and 445 kilometres long. The el dest rocks at the bottom of the canyon are more than 1 billion years old. The width varies from about 200 metres to 29 kilo metres across. The rim (边缘) or top of the canyon is about 2, 300 metres above sea level tin the South Rim, and about 3,000 metres on the other side, the North Rink As a result, there are different kinds of plants and animals on opposite sides of the canyon. The South Run is dry desert country. The North Rim has tall forests.
The canyon looks different at different times of day. and in different seasons and weather. At sunrise anti sunset the red. gold, brown, and orange colours of the rocks are especially dear and bright. In winter, the canyon is partly covered with snow.
The view from the South Rim of the Grand Canyon is the best. Most visitors come to the South Rim and stay in camp- grounds or hotels. Every point along the canyon' s edge offers a different view.
The North Rim of the Canyon is quieter, h takes all day to drive there from the South Rim because there is only one bridge across the Colorado River. On the way, you go through Navado Indian lands, and a colourful pink desert called "The Painted Desert".
You can walk clown into the Grand Canyon, or you can go down oil the back of a mule (小型电动机车). You can also lake a boat trip down the Colorado River, and camp on the bea ches at night. But whether you see the Grand Canyon from the top or the honom, it will be an experience that you will never forget.
1. The sea level on both sides of the Grand Canyou is________.
A. the same B. changing with time
C. various D. very low
答案：C 指导：文中讲到：The rim or top of the canyon is about 2，300 metres above sea level on the South Rim，and about 3，000 metres on the other side，the North Rim．由此可见，大峡谷两边的海拔是不同的，故C项正确。
2. From the passage we can know that the_______of the can yon is different at different time.
A. length B. scene
C. width D. height
答案： B 指导：文章第三段首句意：大峡谷在一天中的不同时间，不同的季节和天气里，看上去都是不一样的，由此可见，大峡谷的景象是多变的，在各个时期是不同的，故B项正确。
3. If you go to visit the canyon you'd better go to________.
A. the South Rim B. the North Rim
C. the bottom I). the top of a tree
答案： A 指导：从第四段的首句：The view from the South Rim of the Grand Canyon is the best．可知：大峡谷南端的景象的最美的，若你要观光，最好到theSouthRim．故A项为正确选项。
Passage ****************
Feeling hopeless and sick ;it heart, Tom turned away. For a quick moment his eyes met those of the cook, and he saw there a light of such hatred(憎恨) and fear that no words could describe.
The cook moved quietly closer. He whispered to Tom in a rough voice. "Don't be too clever. Mark my words. And he went away.
Tom's thoughts did not delay going for long on the cook and his words. His friend was in trouble, how could he help him He decided to slip (溜走) away as soon as possihle in search of information that would clear Jay of all doubts and bring the true criminal to justice (法院).
lie has noticed a piece of old sailcloth (帆布) lying on the ship floor. With this and a length of stringily-T-)he made a package which looked very nuch like the one the police had seized(逮捕). His plan was to step to the shore and to hand it over just as the cook ha{,t ordered Jay to, hoping in this way to learn the truth about the criminals' activities. He could then persuade the police of his friend's innocence(无罪).
By now it was dark. Taking the blankets out of Jay's empty bed. Tom piled them up in his extra in the shatpe of a sleeping figure. How real it lookked With the blanket pulled up high around the figure's head he could almost believe he saw it breathing. Pleased with this, 'Ibm moved quietly to the door.
He was about to open it when he felt it secretly turned to other way. Someone was outside and about to come in. Was his plan failed Slipping quickly back behind the door as it opened. Tom waited.
It was tile cook who was leaning(倚靠) forward now over the figure in the bed. His aim swung(挥舞)up. For an instant (立即)a long knife cut into it.
l. The main cause of Tom's worry was that be__________
A. failed to save bis friend out of trouble
B. knew the truth about tide criminals
C. knew his friend was in trouble
D. felt such hatred and fear for the cook
答案：C 指导：文中第三段第二句话有交代。Tom的朋友Jay被陷害，处于麻烦之中，因此Tom很担心。
2. Paragraph 5 mainly describes
A. Tom's hope to catch thc intru{,ier (闯入者)
B. the unknown sleeping figure in Jay's bed
C. the danger Tom faced in Jay's empty bed
D. what Tom did to carry out his plan
答案：D 指导：为帮助好友Jay，Tom想出了一个计谋，该段是其实施的情况。
3. Tom's plan was to ________
A. help his friend slip away
B. pretend to go along with the plan of the criminal
C. find out Jay was the criminal
D. pretend to bring the true criminals to justice
答案：B 指导：Tom将计就计，诱使坏人就范。
4. If asked, Tern Would probably say: "I risk danger becattse
A. I wanted to help the police
B. I knew my friend was innocent
C. I know the cook was a murderer
D. I wasn't to dismiss the criminal's plan
答案：B 指导：Tom冒险的目的是因为他知道朋友Jay是无辜的(innocent)。
Passage ****************
Two thieves came to a house to steal something. They dug a hole in the wall of the house.
There lived many mice in the house. The woman in the moonlight(月光) saw a mouse crawl(爬行) into the house. "Look! In conies one, "she said to the man in thehouse. The thief was so frightened that he hurriedly crawled out of the house and said to the one waiting outside, "She found me when I was just in. "But the thief outside didn't believe him, so he said, "Let us two try to crawl into the house together. "At that time two mice happened to crawl into the house, too. The woman saw the mice and shouted, "In come two, catch them!" The two thieves were terribly frightened. The man in the house said, "You saw them come in but where are they I will catch them tonight. "The two thieves started running away at once.
The two thieves waited to make it dear whether they had been found or not the night before. The next day they acted as men selling sweet potatoes and came before the house. The man and the woman were ploughing in their fields. The rein (缰绳) broke and the woman came home for a rope. She saw two men selling sweet potatoes and wanted to buy some. She picked out two which looked like mice. At the time the man couldn't wait for her any longer in the fields and he ran back from the fields to hurry her up. The woman showed the sweet potatoes to the man and said," How they look like the two of last night. "The man said, "I asked you to fetch a rope, why don't hurry for it 'The two thieves ran away very quickly without their sweet potatoes.
1. The two thieves failed to steal anything from the house because___________.
A. they were found out
B. they were frightened by what they had heard in the house
C. they didn't work together well with each other
D. mice stopped them from doing so
答案：B 指导：见第一段，这两个贼误以为夫妇俩是在说他们。
2. From the last paragraph, we know that
A. the two thieves were famous selling sweet potatoes
B. the woman recognized the two thieves
C. the woman pretended to know nothing about the two thieves and made fun of them
D. the two thieves didn't know that they were not found at all
答案：D 指导：这两个贼不知道没人发觉他们(偷窃的行为)。亦即他们以为有人发觉他们偷东西了，所以就仓惶逃跑了。
3. When the woman said, "How they look like the two of last night! "
A. she referred to the two thieves
B. she meant nothing
C. she said it on purpose
D. she referred to the mice
答案：D 指导：见第二段：“She picked out two which looked mice”可见她指的是两只老鼠。
4. "____________"is the best title for this passage.
A. Two Clever Thieves
B. Terrible Mice
C. Hit the MaA by a Fluke
D. A Clever Couple
答案：C 指导：“Hitamarkbyafluke"意为侥幸中的。文中主妇说的话都指老鼠，但正好与两个小偷的情况一样，令他们产生误会，以致没偷成东西。
5. Which of the following statements is false
A. The two thieves not only failed to steal things but also losttheir sweet potatoes.
B. Whenever they found mice, the people in the house would try to catch them.
C. The two thieves ran away at once, because they thought the woman had seen them.
D. The man let the woman go home for a rope, which would be used for catching the thieves.
答案：D 指导：见第二段“The rein broke and the wolikqn CalTle homeforarope”因此她取绳子不是为抓小偷。
Passage ****************
Radioactivity is dangerous. It may cause skin burns, it may destory good tissues(组织) and it may cause illness that could be passed on to our children and grandchildren. In case of exposure (暴露) it may even cause death.
In the early days of radioactivity, scientists did not realize these dangers. Marie and Pierre Curie, after having worked for a while with radioactive materials, noticed that their fingers were reddened and swollen(红肿) and the skin was peeling off. Henry Becquerel carried a small tube with radium in it in his waistcoat pocket, and was surprised to find a bum on his chest. Other early workers also reported burns and harm of dif- ferent kinds.
The strange fact is that it can harm without musing pain, which is the waming signal we expect from harmfulness. Pain makes up pull back our hands from a fire or a hot object, but a person carrying radioactive materials had no way of telling whether he is touching something too "hot"for .safety. Besides, the "burns"or other harm- fulness that radioactivity produces may not appear for wceks. A person may have been hurt without knowing it for .some time.
1. Which is the topic .sentence for this passage
A. Radioactivity may ever cause death.
B. Radioactivity does great harm to children.
C. Radioactivity may do harm to people without being known.
D. Radioactivity is dangerous.
答案：D 指导：通读全文后，得知文章主要讲的是放射的危险性。再将选项进行比较，即可推断出答案。
2. A few people were mentioned in the passage They___________
A. were all famous scientists of great achievements
B. died of radioactivity
C. knew litde about radioactivity
D. did experiments on themselves to find the danger of radioactivity
答案：A 指导：文章所提到的人物皆为著名的科学家。
3. According to the point of the passage, pain_________.
A. causes people to die
B. brings people suffering
C. is an important signal
D. is very much expected
答案： D 指导：从最后一段中可获信息为：放射不像烫伤与烧伤会有痛感，它是一种无痛觉的伤害。
4. The sentence in the third line of the second paragraph "the skin was peeling off"means
A. the skin was coining off
B. the skin was turning off
C. the skin was breaking away
D. the skin was fleeing
答案：A指导：peel的汉语意思为“剥下”。
Passage ****************
Students Pay to Change to Popular Majors
For most students in universities, 20,000 yuan is a big sum. But Xiao Wang paid the money soon after she learned that she could change to the popular Economics Department.
By paying 20,000 yuan with the help of her parents, Xiao Wang can study the economics major she prefers. "It is difficult for graduates in chemistry to find a good job in recent years." she said. Xiao Wang is only one of the many freshmen that pay to change to popular majors. Many universities throughout China offer similar services. The charges for changing majors are from 5,000 yuan to 80,000 yuan, according to a recent re- port on the Yangzi Evening News. The fee(费用)is decided by university authorities based on the popularity of each major, the report said. The most popular majors include computer sci- ence, law, finance(金融), information engineering and for- eign languages. A saying popular among students may explain the phenomenon (现象). Studying a good major is much better than studying in a famous university.
Some educators warn students against rushing blindly to today' s popular majors. They may not be popular years later, the China Youth Daily said. But it seems that many students are career oriented(以职业为宗旨), instead of being interestbased.
Freshmen are allowed to change to other departments, according to roles of the Ministry of Education. But there are no official rules on the charges. In spite of the high charges, demands to change majors are still increasing. The paper said about 100 students in the English language department of a school in Harbin changed from other departments. The depart- ment planned to admit only 50 freshmen this year.
These charges have become a big income for some univer- sities, the paper said. It is expected a normal school in Harbin will get an income of 30 million yuan this year.
1. Xiao Wang would rather pay 20,000 yuan to change to the Economics Department because____________.
A. her parents have persuaded her to do so
B. she prefers to study the major
C. she can have a promising future
D. transferring to another major is very popular in university
答案： C 指导：参见文中第二段，她认为一个学化学的学生很难找一份好的工作，所以她决定换专业
2. The following are the most popular majors in China today except________.
A. law B. computer C. English D. chemistry
答案：D 指导：第二段第七行介绍了目前最受欢迎的几个专业，不包括化学。
3. The fees that freshmen hand in to change to a new major are decided by___________
A. headmasters
B. the Ministry of Education
C. university authorities
D. the China Youth Daily
答案：C 指导：第四段中提到目前对收费仍无正式确定，所以都由各大学自行决定。
4. The writer wrote the passage to_________.
A. enoourage students to change to popular majors
B. expect universities to charge less money for changing majors
C. tell us a new phenomenon in universities
D. warn the students to be careful if they want to change majors
答案：C 指导：C项“告诉我们大学中的一个新现象”这是作者主要要表达的内容。
Passage ****************
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you' re "hot". That' s true. The time of the day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it brads to such familar monologues as "Get up, John! You'll be late for work a gain! "The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realise what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help. Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you' re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your eyery, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Aviod the trouble- some search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your shaper hours.
1. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably_________.
A. he is a lazy person
B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C. he is not sure when his energy is low
D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
答案：D 指导：根据文中第二段，有些人的精力高峰出现在下午和晚上，所以让他早起很困难，A项“他是个懒人”、B项“他不遵守自己的能量循环”、C项“他不能确知他的能量何时最低”都不正确。
2. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage
A. Unwareness of energy cycles.
B. Familiar monologues.
C. A change in a family member's energy cycle.
D. Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.
答案：A 指导：文中第二段最后一句话说：“当夫妻意识到什么是能量循环以及家中每个成员能量循环状况时他们就会停止吵架。”言外之意，他们吵架是由于他们没意识到什么是能量循环，即选项A正确。
3. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should___________.
A. change his energy cycle
B. overcome his laziness
C. get up earlier than usual
D. go to bed earlier
答案：C 指导：第三段最后一句话给出了本题答案。早起有助于你在精力低落时仍然高效工作。A项“改变能量循环方式”、
B项“克服懒惰”、D项“早睡”都不正确。
4. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will___________.
A. help to keep your energy for the day's work
B. help you to control your temper early in the day
C. enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D. keep your energy cycle under control all day
答案：A 指导：第四段第一句话说，慢点起床可以让你节省能量，所以选A项。B项“控制体温”。C项“让你做日常工作时集中精力”、D项“让你的能量循环得以控制”都不正确。
Passage ****************
So much to do, so little time. So much infonnation, so little time to read it. In this age there is more information than ever before. There is not enough time to read everything wewant to read. However, you can consume more information in shorter time through speed-reading. This article will not makeyou read 3,000 words per minute, but it will show you how to increase your speed significantly. You will also learn the basictechniques of speed-reading, along with the dos and don' ts of speed-reading.
When you first learned to read, you would say the word out loud and sound it out. Then you might whisper the word because people can become annoyed when you read aloud. The stage you are now at is saying the word in your head. Most people tend to read this way. Saying the word in your head will cut your reading speed tremendously (极大地).
How do you calculate your reading speed The speed is measured by how many words per minute you can read. Get some reading material, preferably a book. Find out how many words are on the page. Time yourself for one minute. Start your timer and start reading. When the timer beeps, stop. If you counted 500 words on the page and you read half of the page, and then you are probably reading at 250 words per minute.
The first thing about speed-reading is looking at the word and recognizing it. Don't say the word in your mind, just look at it and recognize its importance. Later you will recognize clumps of four words or more to increase your speed. This is the first and most important step in speed-reading.
The next step is technique. As with any other skill, speedreading requires technique. You should first be sitting up straight with your book flat on a horizontal (水平的) surface, such as a table or desk. Next,you should be able to see the entire page. This is necessary if you want to recognize clumps of words. Lastly, you should be focused. It' s hard to read with a lot of noise. Find a quiet place to read. This will help your understanding of the text.
You need something to guide your eyes while reading. That's right, you should use your hand. Remember when you were little, you would read using your finger. That is a great technique, only now you're using your hand to underline each line. Move your finger smoothly across the page. No need to go rush, start out slow. Keep your eyes focused on the words as you recognize them while using your hand as a guide. This will increase your'speed.
The third step is practice. Practice makes perfect. Set time intervals (间歇). Read using different techniques, but make sure you understand what you are reading.
1. Which of the following statements is true according to the text
A. Now there is limited information than ever before.
B. Now conditions ask people to use less time to know more information.
C. Now people can read what they like.
D. The less you read, the more time you will spend.
答案：B 指导：我们这个时代的信息比任何时候都多。在这样的时代里，人们只有提高阅读能力，加快阅读速度，花较少的时间，获得较多的信息。
2. What is the subject discussed in the text
A. What speed-reading is.
B. Why we need speed-reading.
C. Now it is much information time.
D. People should practise speed-reading in different kinds of ways.
答案：A 指导：本文所谈及的是快速阅读，包括为什么要快速阅读、快速阅读速度的测定和怎样进行快速阅读。
3. The underlined sentence "you should be focused'in the fifth paragraph means that
A. a person should devote his attention to it while reading
B. your feelings will be hurt while reading
C. a person should smooth away difficulties while he reads
D. you should pay attention to your faults while you are reading
答案：A 指导：从第五段中可以看出，只有集中精力才能有效地进行阅读。有许多噪音很难进行阅读。
Passage ****************
Tides(潮汐)are created mainly by the pull of the moon on the earth. The moon's pull causes water in the oceans to be a little deeper at a point closet to the moon and also at a point farthest from the moon on the opposite side of the earth. These two tidal"Waves"follow the apparent(明显的) movement of the moon around the earth and strike nearly every coast line at in- tervals of about twelve hours and twenty-five minutes. After reaching a high point, the water level goes down gradually for a little more than six hours and then begins to rise toward a new high point. Hence, most coast lines have two tides a day, and the tides occur fifty minutes later each day. Differences in the coast line and in channels in the ocean bottom may change the times that the tidal wave reaches different points along the same coast line. Tne difference in water level between high and low tide varies from day to day according to the relative positions of the sun and the moon because the sun also exerts a pull on the earth, although it is only about half as strong as the pull of the moon. When the sun and the moon are pulling along the same line, the tides rise higher, and when they pull at fight angles to one another, the tide is lower. The formation of the coast line and variations(变化)in the weather are additional factors which can affect the height of tides. Some sections of the coast are shaped in such a way as to cause much higher tides than are experienced in other areas. A strong wind blowing toward the shore may also cause tides to be higher.
1. The height of the tide is affected by all of the following except_________.
A. the position of the sun
B. the direction of the wind
C. variations in the coast line
D. channels in the sea bottom
答案：D 指导：潮汐的高度受太阳、风向和海岸线差异的影响，海沟只影响潮汐的时间。由文中Differences．．．in channels in the ocean bottom may change the time.可知。
2. If the pull of the sun equaled the pull of the moon, tides would_________.
A. sometimes be higher than they are now
B. be the same height as they are now
C. no longer be affected by the wind
D. be of equal height all the time
答案：A 指导：太阳对地球的吸引力只有月亮的一半(．．．it is only about half as strong as the pull of the moon)如果相同并作用在一个方向上，潮汐会比目前高。本题必须正确理解设问的意思
3. If one high tide occurs at 1: 00 a. m. , the next high tide at the same point will occur at about_________.
A. 1: 25 a.m. the same day
B. 1: 00 p.m. the same day
C. 1: 25 p.m. the same day
D. 1:50 a.m. the next day
答案：C 指导：潮汐12小时一次，每24小时向后延迟50分钟，题干中所给定的时间是12小时间段，故应是25分钟。
Passage ****************
Did you ever think someone was scary because they looked different or ate strange food Well, they might think the same about you! One of the things we all need to do is to celebrate variety. We shouldn't think badly of people from other cultures because they are different from our own.
Sometimes we judge people from other countries unfairly, because one person from that culture did something bad. Well, has your class ever been punished just because a few kids were causing trouble Has your whole family ever been blamed for something your little sister did It doesn't seem fair, does it It's just asunfair to blame a whole culture for what two or three people do.
So here are some things that you can do to help yourself understand other cultures:
1. Find common ground! Remember that even though some people look different on the outside, it doesn't change what they look on the inside. They still have the same feelings!
2. Don't blame everyone because of one! 'So let's-say someone from another culture is being mean and you decide to avoid everyone from that culture. Well, think about it Why are you blaming them for something they didn't have anything to do with Put yourself in their shoes. How would you feel Trying, to understand how a person thinks can be a very good way to understand why they are acting that way. Remember, other people may not think the same way.
3. Try to make friends with people from other cultures. You could ask them what they know about their culture, or what it was like in their country. Try foods from that culture, or ask them if they know any words in that language. You might be surprised at how pure other cultures can be! You call have great discussions and have lots of fun doing new things.
4. Know that people always judge other people. If you know what you are thinking then you can help make things easier. Pay attention to what you think about other people. It helps!
1. What is mainly discussed in this passage
A. Why there are differences between people.
B. What to do to understand other cultures.
C. How people feel when they meet people from other cultures.
D. Where differences between people lie.
答案：B 指导：主旨大意题。本文第一段总起提出面对文化差异人们所产生的错误认识的问题，然后就此提出建议。
2. In the author' s opinion, one mistake about how we treat cultural differences is that we_________.
A. cannot see and share what people have in common
B. believe that other people may certainly thin badly of us
C. don't want to learn anything valuable in other cultures
D. try to find the reason for the differences
答案：B 指导：细节理解题。作者在第四段建议我们要find common ground．可见他认为不能做到这一点是人们的错误所在。故选A
3. The underlined word "celebrate" here most probably means_________.
A. to feel proud of
B. to express ideas to
C. to praise and enjoy
D. to pay attention to
答案：C 指导：词义猜测题。celebrate通常的意义是“庆祝”，但这里应是“赞赏”之意。celebrate variety意即要把文化的差异看作是一件好事。
4. By saying "... then you can help make things easier. "the author means you will_________.
A. make more friends
B. know more about the world
C. have more fun in life
D. find fewer differences between you and others
答案：D 指导：猜测句意题。从作者的总体论述中不难看出，他的观点是“只要我们能换位思考，有文化包容心理，那么一切事情都好办”，换言之，“你就会发现不同文化间无所谓有什么差别了。”
Passage ****************
Just put on your special clothes in the morning and you could jump 3 meters into the air and even carry more than 60 kilograms without getting tired. The walk to school would be very, very easy. Such sophisticated clothing is one of the products that could be created using "wearable robotics"technology.
Designed to improve a person's senses and skills, the device (装置) could be as simple as a hearing aid. Or it could be a full-body suit that senses what you're going to do, then helps you do it better.
Robot legs help a man carry a heavy load.
"A Superman suit would be the final result in wearable robotics, "said Francois Pin, head of robotics and energy systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (橡树岭国有验室), US. While these suits are at least ten years away, in some are- as the technology is already in use.
Researchers are developing artificial arms and legs that allow old, disabled or injured people to move freely.
A robot is a device that responds to a command. You've probably played with simple robots, such as toy cars or airplanes that respond to buttons you push on a remote control (遥控).
Wearable robotics goes further. Instead of just receiving information through a wire or remote control, the robotic de- vice can send information back to its controller.
Suppose you wore a sleeve (袖子) that has sensors where your joints (关节) are. Every time you move your arm, the sleeve senses your movements and sends the information to a robot, which then moves its arm just as you did. When the robot hits or touches something, it sends a signal back to the sleeve and you sense the action.
In this way, scientists are working to wrap the robot around the person. Their goal is to make the sleeve, shoe or suit help you do what you want to do.
1. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "so phisticated"in Paragraph I
A. Expensive B. Super-new
C. Advanced D. Full of electricity
答案：C 指导：词义猜测题。文章字里行间都表明这种衣服非常超前。
2. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Remote Controls B. Hearing Aids
C. Robot Legs D. Supersuits
答案：D 指导：主旨大意题，整篇短文讲述的是supermanSuits问题。
3. Which of the following statements shows the difference between robots and wearable robotics
A. Toy cars or planes can respond to buttons you push on a remote control.
B. Robots can receive information through a wire.
C. Some day supercharged clothes will be able to wrap around your body.
D. Some day your robot-powered shoes will be able to report back as well as you give them orders.
答案：D 指导：推断题。C选项没说出区别，从倒数第三段及全文可推断出D项正确。
4. From the passage, we can infer thatv_________.
A. it will be 10 years before robotic devices are in use
B. the wearable robotics technology is quite mature in some areas
C. the robots in the robotic devices will do whatever you want to do
D. people must become lazier and less healthy in the future
答案：B 指导：细节题。由第四段最后一句可知。
Passage ****************
Without most people realizing it, there has been revolution in office work over the last ten years. Before that time, large computers were only used by large rich companies that could af ford the investment. With the advancement of technology, small computers have come onto the market which are capableof doing the work which used to be done by much larger and expensive computers, so now most smaller companies can use them.
The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processor system, or WPS as they are often called. 40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor and this percentage is growing fast.
There are many advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager. The secretary is freed from a lot of daily work, such as retyping letters and storing papers. He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for the boss. From a manager's point of view, secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours.
But is it all good If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed. Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units (显示器). The ease of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly. It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child in her body might be killed. Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them.
Whatever the arguments for and against word processors, they are a key feature of this revolution in office practice.
1. Ten years ago, large computers were only used by large companies because_________.
A. small companies did not have enough money to buy such expensive computers
B. large computers could not do the work that small compa nies can do today
C. large computers did not come onto the market
D. small companies did not need to use this new technology
答案：A 指导：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句我们可以逆向推理，小公司不用大型电脑是因为他们出不起这笔钱。
2. According to the writer, the main progress made in office work over the last ten years is _________.
A. the saving of time and money
B. the use of computers in big companies
C. the wide use of word processors
D. the decreasing number of secretaries
答案：C 指导：细节判断题。由第二题内容可知。
3. We can infer from the passage that with the use of word processors,_________.
A. some secretaries will lose their jobs
B. all jobs can be done automatically outside office hours
C. medical problems related to work with a VDU must have increased
D. the British companies will make less money
答案：A 指导：推理判断题。根据第四段第二句，我们可以推测，使用文字处理系统会导致更多的秘书失业。
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true
A. There are both advantages and disadvantages in using a word processor.
B. The British companies care much for the health of the people using word processors.
C. The technology in the field of computers has been greatly advanced over the last ten years.
D. Using word processors, secretaries can get more time to do more interesting work for their bosses.
答案：B 指导：推理判断题。运用排除法或从第四段最后一句可知选项B的说法不当。
Passage ****************
It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a hurt brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives only three to five minutes. Sometimes the hurt brain gets better by itself. More often the doctors can't fix the hurt.
Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help. It is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctor might make the person worse if he works on the brain.
Dr Robert J. White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should try to make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctors a longer time to do something for the brain.
Dr White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs. Then he operated on them. He made the monkeys' blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains. When the brain temperature was 50 degrees, Dr White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back He warmed the blood again. After their operations, the monkeys were like they were before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.
Dr White's idea works well on the monkeys. Are there other problems with human beings Dr White thinks doctors will use his idea on human beings. He thinks it will help people who have heart problems, too. A person doesn't have to die when his heart stops. Doctors can start it again. The problems come when the brain is without blood for three to five minutes, the person has a living body, but a dead brain. Maybe in the future, doctors will try Dr White'.s ide~ When the person's heart stops, the doctors will quickly trY to cool the brain. They will have 30 minutes to start the heart again. Maybe there will be no problem with the brain.
1. People probably die when_________.
A. their brain dies
B. their heart stops
C. they stop breathing
D. their brain becomes very hot
答案：A 指导：推理判断题。由短文最后一段可知，心脏停止跳动，医生还能让它重新跳动，但是大脑死了，空有活的身体也是没用的。从而得出答案A.
2. Dr White thinks his idea about cooling the brain will work because_________.
A. he has tried it on people
B. he has tried it on monkeys
C. he has tried it on heart problems
D. he has tried it on himself
答案：B 指导：细节理解题。由短文的第四段可知，Dr White冷却大脑的方法在猴子身上做了实验，并达到了预期的目的。
3. Which of the following is NOT true
A. Doctors may start the heart again in 30 minutes one day.
B. Doctors can start the heart again after 30 minutes.
C. The brain can't live without blood.
D. The method works on monkeys.
答案：B 指导：细节判断题。由整篇短文可知，Dr White的实验最多能给医生提供30分钟的时间，否则就准以让心脏重新跳动。
4. According to the writer,_________.
A. it is not difficult to repair the brain damage
B. doctors' working on a hurt brain may make things worse
C. brain is not an important part in one's body
D. brain doesn't need blood
答案：B 指导：推理判断题。由第一段最后两句可以推知在大脑上出差错比在其他部分出差错都要糟糕。
Passage ****************
During the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, the London District of South-wark was prosperous (繁荣的), and a very important and farreaching development was happening at Bankside, an area situated just beside the church now known as Southwark Cathedral. The Rose Theatre, the Swan, the Hope Playhouse and Bear Garden were set up here along with the famous Globe Theatre, in which Shakespeare acted. William Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright whose body of works is considered the greatest in English litera ture. He is commemorated (纪念) in Southwark Cathedral today by the modern memorial window in the south aisle (通道). The window was designed by Christopher Webb in 1954, after an earlier window had been destroyed in the war. Below it is a figure of Shakespeare, carved by Henry McCarthy in 1912, set against a background of seventeenth-century Southwark in relief (浮雕), showing the Globe Theatre, Winchester Palace and the Tower of St. Saviour's Church. This memorial was provid- ed by public support and was dedicated (奉献) in 1911, and every year a birthday service, attended by many great actors and actresses, is held here in honour of Shakespeare's genius. Shakespeare's brother Edmund was buried here in 1607, and, although the position of Edmund's grave is unknown, he is commemorated by an inscribed (刻写的) stone.
1. In Shakespeare' s lifetime, Bankside in Southwark was well known for_________.
A. the style of its buildings
B. Shakespeare's performances at the Globe Theater
C. its influence on public taste
D. the number of plays produced there
答案：B 指导：推理判断题。由第一段最后一句可知莎士比亚曾经演出过的著名的Globe Theatre就在Bankside，从而得出答案B.
2. The original memorial window to Shakespeare in Southwark Cathedral was___________.
A. designed in 1954
B. destroyed by enemy action.
C. replaced during World War.
D. carved in 1912
答案：B 指导：推理判断题。由第二段第三句可知，以前建造的窗子毁在战争中，即答案B.
3. Under the window there is a_______.
A. painting of seventeenth-century Southwark
B. wooden picture
C. carved figure
D. grave of Shakespeare's brother
答案：C 指导：细节考查题。由第二段第四句可得出答案C
4. This information would most likely be found on_______.
A. an advertisement
B. a historical stone
C. a tourist guide
D. a notice
答案：C 指导：推理判断题。因为本文主要介绍了莎士比亚曾经演出过的剧院，所以应属于旅游指南。
Passage ****************
In the United States the most popular form of folk dancing since the earliest days has been squa,redancing. In early times, when men and women worked in gr6ups to build a bam(牲口) or harvest crops, they danced when the work was done. The music coming from a violin formed the most part, but if there was no one to play an instrument, clapping was used to produce the rhythm by which to dance. The early settlers danced in a store, in a Dam, or in a farm kitchen.
A square is formed by four couples who stand facing the center of the square, Each couple stands on one side of the square, the boy on the left and the girl on the right.
The caller is an important part of the dance, since he tells the dancers which steps to do. If the dancers do not know the steps, he teaches them. It takes time to learn to be a good caller, and good callers are always in demand.
These are the names of some of the steps the dancers do: Form a square; Circle; Honor your partner; Promenade (walk about slowly); Swing your partner; Form a star. There are many more. As the caller tells the dancers what to do next, they move to form the pattern he calls.
Large or small numbers of people can dance at one time. Sometimes 800 or 1,000 people may be dancing at the same time. Or there may be only one square of eight people.
Costumes are worn by some who square-dance, This makes the dancing more colorful to watch. The costumes vary from place to place. Women often wear full skirts of variouscolors with a pretty blouse, Men have colored shirts and west- ern trousers that they wear only when square-dancing. In some country areas, everyone wears his best clothes.
1. From the passage we know that squaredaneing originated from_______.
A. the schools B. the countryside
C. big cities D. factories
答案：B 指导：细节判断题，由文章第一段第二句可知。
2. In the first paragraph, the underlined word “clap” means“_______”.
A. hit the hands together to make a sound
B. a kind of thing like a radio
C. shout at the top of one's voice
D. knock something to make a sound
答案：A 指导：猜测词义题。前面说“if there was no one to play an instrument"，此处接着说“就用clap的方式打节奏(rhythm)"，由此可推知其为“拍手”之意。
3. If 1,000 people dance at the same time, how many squares can be formed
A. Only one big square,
B. 1,000 squares.
C. More than 100 squares.
D. Less than 100 squares.
答案：C 指导：计算题。由第二段可知，每一个square由八个人组成，由此可推知。
4. We can know from the passage that spuare-dancing _______.
A. is a nationwide custom of the US
B. varies from one place to another
C. is perforrmed only by people with colorful dresses
D. has changed Arrericans' dressing customs
答案：A 指导：短文第一段第一句可知。