2012高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题--阅读理解猜测词义3
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| 名称 | 2012高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题--阅读理解猜测词义3 |  | |
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2012高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题--阅读理解猜测词义3
****************** Passage ****************
A Shanghai boy, Chen Yinhua, is going to take part in theGlobal Young Leaders Conference in Washington, D. C. and New York from July 4--15. It is organized by the Congressional Youth Leadership Council (CYLG).
"I'm very lucky to get this opportunity to make friendswith so many excellent students.' said Chen, who attends Shanghai Nanyang Model High School. "It is a once-in-a-life-time experience."
The 18-year-old will join 350 secondary school students from across the world, all of whom have shown leadership po- tential and academic ability.
As well as trying out simulations (模拟) designed to develop leadership and decision-making skills, the students will communicate with influential figures in politics, finance, culture and the diplomatic (外交的) world.
Chen knew nothing about CYLC until last March, when the organization invited him to take part in the conference. It was his SAT application form that caught CYLC's eye at the end of last year. "I was totally surprised but felt very honored after I learned about it from the Intemet," he recalled.
As monitor of his class, he was involved in a wide range of school affairs. His many activities included debating, basketball, robot research and producing his class newsletter.
"Although these things took up plenty of time, I enjoyed the feeling of making decisions. And I still worked very hard in the classroom as well as at home,'Cben said proudly. Besides passing SAT1 and SAT2, he scored 663 in the TOEFL exam while only in Senior 1.
Chen will continue his studies at Fudan,a University. After that, he hopes to build on his interest in international relations, working for an organization like the United Nations.
1. What's the purpose of the Global Young Leaders Conference
A. To discuss some important matters in the world.
B. To develop young people' s leadership skills.
C. To compete and decide who will be the best to be leaders.
D. To offer chances for young people to communicate with each other.
答案：B 指导：细节理解题。从文中第三、四自然段可知，这次会议的中心目的在于培养和发展学生的领导能力。A不符合事实，C、D是中心目的的附带活动。
2. By saying "It's a once-in-a-lifetime experience" Chen Yinhua means"____________"
A. this is the first time for him to have such experience
B. he will value this chance to perform excellently
C. this kind of chance is seldom given to a school student
D. he is the only one to get such an opportunity
答案：B 指导：细节理解题。once-in-a-hfetxme“一生中只有一次的”，ChenYinhua如是说，说明他对此机会的重视和珍惜。其他意义都不合乎此种环境的心理。
3. Chen Yinhua was invited to the conference because________.
A. he is a rather famous person among the students invited
B. he has special skills of leadership in his school
C. he did quite well in his SAT application form sore influential people take much interest in him
答案：C 指导：细节推理题。根据第五段第二句可知。
4. Form the last three paragraphs we know Chen Yinhua _________.
A. does well only in public activities
B. has no interest in school
C. studies English the best of all his lessons
D. has the nature of being a leader
答案：D 指导：推断题。A、B,C与原文意思不符。可推知。是后一段最后一句。
Passage ****************
There is one foreign product the Japanese are buying fasterthan others, and its popularity has caused an uneasy feeling among many Japanese.
That product is foreign words.
Gairaigo--words that come from outside--have been part of the Japanese language for centuries. Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese, these terms are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.
But in the last few years the tfi. ckle (涓涓细流) of foreign words has become a flood, and people fear the increasing use of foreign words is making it hard for the Japanese to understand each other and could lead to many people forgetting the good qualities of traditional (传统的) Japanese.
"The popularity of foreign words is part of the Japanese interest in anything new, "Days university lecturer and writer Takashi .%alto. "By using a foreign word you can make a subject seem new, which makes it easier for the media (媒体) to pick up. '
"Experts (专家) often study abroad and use English terms when they speak with people in their own fields. Those terms are then included in government white papers,'said Muturo Kal, president of the National Language Research Institute.
"Foreign words find their way easily into announcements made to the general public, when they should really be explained in Japanese.”
Against the flow of new words. many Japanese turning back to the stud)rd their own language Saito's Japanese to Be Read Aloud is one of many language books that ate now flying off booksellers'shelves.
"We were expecting to sell the books to young people," said the writer, "but it turns out they are more popular wii the older generation, who seem uneasy about the future of Jal anese."
1. What advantages do foreign words have over traditional Jal nese terms
A. The ideas expressed in foreign words sound new.
B. Foreign words are best suited for announcements.
C. Foreign words make new subjects easier to understand.
D. The use of foreign words makes the media more popular.
答案：A 指导：第5段末提到原因，“用外来词语你可以让一个话题看上去很新鲜，而这样一来媒体更容易感兴趣。”
2. In the opinion of Takastii Saito, Japanese people _________.
A. are good at learning foreign languages
B. are willing to learn about new things
C. trust the media
D. respect experts
答案：B 指导：还是第5段，“外来词语受欢迎部分原因是日本人对任何新东西都感兴趣”，因此选B.
3. Which of the following plays an important part in the spreace of foreign words
A. The media and government papers.
B. Best-selling Japanese textbooks.
C. The interest of young Japanese.
D. Foreign products and experts.
答案：A 指导：第6段谈到这些词语的来历，出现在政府公文、广播中，即A。
4. The book Japanese to Be Read Aloud _________.
A. sells very well in Japan
B. is supported by the government
C. is questioned by the old generation
D. causes misunderstanding among the readers
答案： A 指导：关于这本书。作者说“are now flying off booksellers’s he lves”，因此选A.
Passage ****************
On May 13,1787, a fleet of English ships set sail for Aus tralia with about 750 people. These men and women were not ordinary passengers, They were convicts being sent to Austial ia as punishment for their crimes.
Laws in England during this period were very hard, and people were punished severely for even the smallest crimes. A man could be sentenced to death for hunting on another man's property or he could be put to death for chopping down someone else's tree. For many other crimes, the punishment was "transportation". The guilty person was shipped to a distant land where he was forced to work without pay. Often women and children were shipped to other lands too.
In 1770, Captain Cook had discovered the continent of Australia and claimed it for England. At first, England found no use for this vast land on the other side of the world, but then the American Revolution took place. England could no longer ship her convicts to the American colonies (殖民地). So she turned to Australia as a good place for her prisoners.
A former naval captain was picked to accompany the convicts to the new colony. His job was to help them build a settlement which he would govern. The captain was glad to go.
He believed the convicts could learn to live in peace. He felt they would obey the laws in the new country.
In January 1788, the English fleet and its cargo--the convicts landed on Australia. After days of searching, the captain found a good harbor. The land nearby had trees and streams. The convict colony made a new beginning here. Australia's history thus began.
1. The article tells us mainly about___________.
A. a fleet of English ships
B. hunting on other people's property
C. a convict settlement in Australia
D. how Australia was discovered
答案：C 指导：纵观全文，本文讲述英国政府在发现澳大利亚后一直没有利用这块土地，美国独立战争之后它不能将罪犯流到美国，于是将澳大利亚作为其流放地，因此选C
2. The underlined word "convict'(in Paragraph 1) most probably means ________.
A. a person who lost his family
B. a person who has done crimes and is sent to prison
C. a native living in the area
D. a person who is sentenced to death
答案：B 指导：由上下文可知，convict指犯了罪(crimes)受罚(punishment)的人，英国政府将其流放到“agood place for prisoners"，因此选B.
3. Why did England send convicts to Australia
A. It wanted to make Captain Cook happy about Australia.
B. It wanted convicts to find a good harbor and good land.
C. It could not feed its overpopulation.
D. It could no longer send convicts to America.
答案：D 指导：从短文第三段的描述中知，由于美国发动了独立战争取得独立，英国政府不能将罪犯流放到美国，这才将目光投向澳大利亚。
4. Which statement seems true according to the passage
A. Former naval captains always started new colonies.
B. The American Revolution had something to do with the convicts.
C. A great country may grow from a small colony.
D. Convicts are not easy to be governed.
答案：C 指导：文中只提到“aformernaval captain”，A项显然太武断；B项说美国的独立战争与那些罪犯有关系，这种说法太牵强，综合判断，C项是正确的。
Passage ****************
You would like to take good photographs of real-life situations but you have few ideas for pictures. I suggest you look a- round you. The everyday world is full of scenes being played by an ever-changing group of actors. You probably passed a dozen picture situations without noticing on your way to work this morning.
The realistic approach (态度) to photograph has been perfected in the past by such masters as Henri Cartier-Bresson and Bill Brand. But while you can learn a great deal from looking at the works of others, any success you can hope to achieve in this field has to come from developing an individual approach.
The main requirement for any photographer has little to do with technical matters. You must develop an awareness (观察) of the world around you and the people who live in it, and you should learn to notice when a situation may develop to a point where you will be able to take a good picture. Those who have reached this happy state will be prepared when that moment comes, and will simply raise their camera quickly and shoot. Others who are not so aware will be struggling with the camera cases and lens (镜头) caps.
Film manufactures must be delighted at the'thought of the inexperienced photographer setting out in search of the right situation and the right moment. Many miles of costly material have passed through thousands of cameras as this endless search continues. But although this waste must be put down to inexperience, you'll find that even the professionals have to use a lot of film when they are out shooting.
Not every shot is going to be a winner. If you look at the works of even the best photographers, you'll notice dozens of pictures have had to be taken only because they lead up to the successful shot of a situation that the photographer has obviously been observing through the lens. You may find that you have taken one or two pictures after the right moment has pas- sed as well There is seldom more than one shot which stands out. There is just one point where it all comes together, and often you have to waste film to catch that precious moment.
1. According to the passage, one can become a better real-life photographer by________.
A. watching the photographers at work
B. learning about famous photographers
C. just taking a great many photographs
D. developing skills and ideas for yourself
答案：D 指导：从文中的描写可以获知，作者谈到如何才能成为一个好的摄影师，谈到要注意身边的素材、观察周围的世界、还要注意摄影技巧，因此选D.
2. The writer thinks that a photographer is required to________.
A. be able to tell when a good situation might come
B. go out and search for unusual situations
C. be highly skilled in camerea techniques
D. have a camera which is easy and quick to use
答案：A 指导：文中作者谈到生活中处处有picturesituations(B错)，第三段的首句告诉我们C不对，最后一句表示不在于照相机好不好用，在于摄影师对生活的aware(D错)，从该段中间的讲述可知A对，文中有"will be prepared when that moment comes"．
3. Most likely, to catch the right moment, one must ________.
A. take pictures without too much preparation
B. take a whole series of similar pictures
C. take great care to set up the situation
D. take one picture just at the right moment
答案：B 指导：从文中最后两段的讲述可知，即使是专业人士，他们为了捕捉瞬间往往要浪费很多胶卷，“dozens。f pictures have had to be taken for the successful shot，”因此选B.
4. The passage is ________.
A. an introduction to photography
B. an advertisement for film
C. a history of photography
D. part of a book of camera instruction
答案：A 指导：全文讲述摄影师必须注意观察生活，捕捉real-life situations，不要担心浪费胶卷，为了捕捉that precious moment，often you have to waste film,不难看出其写作宗旨是A.
Passage ****************
A few years ago it was popular to speak of a penetration gap, a disagreement between young people and their elders. Parents said that children did not show them proper respect and obedience, while children complained (抱怨) that their parents did not understand them at all What had gone wrong Why had the generation gap suddenly appeared Actually the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many people argue that a gap is built into the fabric (结构) of our society.
One important cause of the generation gap is the chance that young people have to choose their own ways of life. In more traditional societies, when children grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and agree to, and to continue the family occupation (职业). In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, move out of the family home at an early age, marry or live with people whom their parents have never met, and choose occupations different from those of their parents.
In our easily changing society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did; to find better jobs, to make more money; and to do all the things that they were unable to do. Often, however, the strong desire that parents have for their children are another cause of the disagreement between them. Often, they discover that they have very little in common with each other.
Finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is another cause of the gap between the generations. In a traditional culture, elderly people are valued for their wisdom, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become out of date overnight. The young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds, separated by different skills and abilities.
No doubt, the generation gap will continue to be a feature (特点) of American life for some time to come It’s causes are rooted in the freedom and changes of our society, and in the rapid speed at which society changes.
1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that________.
A. the generation gap suddenly appeared
B. the generation gap is a feature of modern social life
C. people can reduce the generation gap
D. many critics argue over the nature of the generation gap
答案：B指导：本段最后一句。从语篇层次考虑，文章最后一段第一句意义相同。
2. The word "around'in Paragraph I means________.
A. on all sides B. near
C. in every direction D. in existence
答案：D指导：存在。
3. Which cause of the generation gap is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Young people like to choose their own life styles.
B. American society is changing very fast.
C. Parents place high hopes on their children.
D. Modern education makes them think differently.
答案：D 短文没提到D项信息。
4. In American society, young people often________.
A. depend on their parents to make a life
B. stay with their parents in order to get a chance for higher education
C. seek the best advice from their parents
D. have very little in common with their parents
答案：D第三段最后一句。
Passage ****************
Some English words are made up of the same part and have different beginnings and different endings, such as import, ex- port, report and transport. All these words, you can see, have the same root "port", which comes from the Latin (拉丁文) word, meaning "to carry'or "to movenfrom one place to another. And according to the bit at the beginning which we call the prefix (前缀),the meaning changes: "import"means "to carry in", or "to bring into a country"; "export" "exn,means "out of" so this word means "to carry out of a country";"re"means "hack", so the word "report"means "to tell somebody, to bring1 back information to somebody"; "transport", "trans" means "across'and it means "to carry across one place to another" !
Let's look at the following words; supporter, reporter, importer and exporter. You can see that in this case these words are nouns which are made up of the verbs. Adding a suffix "er'to a verb means a person who does this thing. So supporter means somebody who supports. A reporter is somebody who reports. Importer is somebody who imports and exporter is somebody who exports, and so on.
1. "Some English words are made up of the same part... ", in the sentence "part"means ________.
A. different beginnings and different endings
B. the same part which has several meanings
C. the root of a word
D. the same root which has different meaning
答案：C 指导：这个相同的部分为“词根”。
2. Which of the following is not true ________.
A. Besides "port", most English words have the same root which comes form the Latin word.
B. "port"is the root forming some English words.
C. The root "port"means "to carry".
D. "port"is the root meaning "to move"from one place to another.
答案：A 指导：并非大多数英语词汇都有来自拉丁文的同一词根。
3. By adding a prefix of a suffix to a root, we can get a word which has________.
A. the meaning of a Latin word
B. a different meaning
C. the meanings of "in"or "out of"
D. a lot of meanings
答案：B指导：通过前后缀使词义改变。一般说来英语中前缀改变意思，后缀改变词性。
4. We can get a noun
A. just by adding "er"to a verb
B. by changing a prefix
C. only by adding "er'to a root
D. by adding a suffix to a verb
答案：D 指导：通过在动词上加后缀构成名词。其余选项均为错项。
5. According to the passage, if we talk about a repairman, you may guess that he must be ________.
A. somebody who has regained (恢复) health
B. a person who can repair something
C. somebody who was good health
D. a person who can do only simple things
答案：B 指导：repairman是合成名词，可解释为“A man who can repair something"。
Passage ****************
In 1847 she asked to be accepted at a small medical school in New York. Largely (主要的) as a joke, the school accepted her. The teachers and pupils were all men. They waited for Elizabeth to make a fool of herself (为了愚弄她) and then go away. But Elizabeth felt she could learn anything a man could learn. And she proved it. No one laughed at her. The jokes stopped, but none of the town's people would speak to her. They thought she was wrong to study medicine.
As a student, Elizabeth helped treat (医治) sick poor people during her summer holidays. She found out that she had much more to learn as she tried to help them. "I must learn more "she said "there is so much work to be done among the sick (病人). Somehow (以某种方式) I must get (劝说) other woman to help me!"
That autumn she returned to school. Elizabeth Blackweel became a doctor in 1849. She was the first woman in the United States to become a doctor.
1. At first it seemed that it was impossible for Elizabeth to find a school to attend because________.
A. there were no medical schools in her hometown in those days
B. Elizabeth wanted to teach herself medicine at home
C. a few doctors helped her to study medicine
D. most people of her day didn't think that women should have the same chance
答案：D 指导：由第一段可知对于Elizabeth来说，进入一个医学院学习是不可能的，因为许多人认为妇女没有与男人同等的机会。
2. A small medical school in New York accepted Elizabeth because________.
A. she asked to be aeeepted many times
B. she was good at telling funny jokes
C. the school didn't take the matter seriously(严肃认真对待这件事)
D. the teachers and pupils wanted to have a try
答案：C 指导：由第——段第二句，“Largely as a joke，the school accepted her。以及下面接下来的The teachers and pupils were all men．They waited for Elizabeth to make a fool Of herse“ and then go away”．可知学校并不是严肃认真地对待Elizabeth在医学院学习这件事。
3. Some time later, no one in the school laughed at her because________.
A. she did an experiment to prove that she was quite right
B. she stopped telling jokes and began to work hard
C. they thought she was wrong to study medicine
D. Elizabeth proved to be a success as a medical student
答案：D指导：“And she proved it No one laughed at her．”由于她证明了自己与男人一样成功，没有人再取笑她了。
4. Elizabeth began to help treat sick poor people_________.
A. as soon as she graduated from the medical school
B. when she was still a medical student at that school
C. when the weather was very hot in the summer
D. as she found out that she had much more to learn
答案：B 指导：由短文的第三段可知。
5. Choose the best title for the passage from among the following.
A. The First Woman Doctor in the USA
B. Elizabeth Became a Doctor after Years of Hard Work
C. Elizabeth --Pioneer in the Study of Medicine in America
D. Women Should Have the Same Chance to Work as Men
答案：A 指导：本文讲述的是美国第一个妇女医生的成长故事。所以A项是最理想的标题。
Passage ****************
NEW ZEALAND WEATHER CHART
Temperatures and Rainfall for Summer and Winter
1. The maximum temperature in Wellington in winter is about_________.
A. 12℃ B. 14℃
C. 15℃ D. 19℃
答案：A 指导：图表左边的纵坐标表示气温，右边的纵坐标表示降雨量，四个城市Auckland，Welington，Christchurch和Queenstown夏季和冬季的最低气温、最高气温分别在两个图表中用□■从左到右依次表示。从右边图表可看出：表示Wellington冬天最高气温的■顶点在靠近10℃～15℃的中间位置偏下，即大约12℃．
2. The city whose temperature varies (变化) from about 4℃ to 11'C in winter is_______.
A. Auckland B. Wellington
C. Christchurch D. Queenstown
答案：C 指导：从右表看，表示Christchurch最低气温口的顶点不到5℃。表示最高气温■顶点超过10℃．
3. The cities whose rainfall varies LEAST from summer to winter are_______.
A. Queenstown and Auckland
B. Auckland and Wellington
C. Wellington and Christchurch
D. Christchurch and Queenstown
答案：D 指导：通过左、右两图表中各城市冬、夏两季降雨量的差别的比较可知：C城和Q城冬、夏两季降雨量的差别最小，即 变化最小，故选D.
4. From summer to winter the greatest difference between the
maximum and minimum temperature is experienced in_______.
A. Auckland B. Wellington
C. Christchurch D. Queenstown
答案：D 指导：从左、右两图表看：Q城夏季最高气温超过20℃， 而冬季最低气温近10℃左右，是四个城市中差别最大的。
5. Which of the following is true The temperature is_______.
A. lower in Auckland than Wellington in stmmer
B. higher in Wellington than Christchurch in winter
C. lower in Christchurch than Queenstown in winter
D. higher in Queenstown than Auckland in summer
答案：B 指导：从所提供的四个选项中，只有B项符合图表所示：即冬季Wellington的气温比Christchurch高(见图)。
Passage ****************
Dolphins (海豚) are not fish, but warm-blooded animals. They live in groups, and speak to each other in their own language. In this they are like other animals, such as bees and birds. But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals. Their brain is nearly the same size as our own, and they live a long time--at least twenty or thirty years.
Like some animals, dolphins use sound to help them find their way around. They also make these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food. We now know they do not use their ears to receive these sounds, but the lower part of the mouth, called the jaw.
Strangely, dolphins seem to like man, and for thousands of years there have been stories about the dolphin and its friendship with people.
There is a story about sailors in the 19th century. In a dangerous part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to look for a dolphin called Jack. From 1871 to 19典型例题 met every boat in the area and showed it the way. Then in 19典型例题assenger on a boat called The penguin shot and wounded Jack. He recovered and for nine years more continued to guide all ships through the area except for The penguin.
Today, some people continue to kill dolphins, but manycountries of the world now protect them and in these places it is against the law to kill them.
1. Dolphins are different from many other animals in that they_______.
A. live in groups B. have large brains
C. are warm-blooded D. have their own language
答案：B 指导：根据第一段最后两句话可知，海豚区别于几乎所有的陆地动物，是因为它们的大脑几乎和人类的一样大而且生活时间长。
2. Which of the following does the dolphin use to help it find its way around _______.
A. Its nose. B. Its ears.
C. Its mouth. D. Its eyes.
答案：C 指导，海豚是靠声音探路的，而接听声音的地方却不是耳朵而是嘴的下部。
3. Why did the sailors off the coast of New Zealand look for Jack
A. He was lonely and liked to be with people.
B. They enjoyed playing with him.
C. He was seriously wounded.
D. They wanted his help.
答案：D 指导：由于这片水城十分凶险，所以水手们需要杰克的帮助。
4. By telling the story of Jack the writer wanted to show that_______.
A. dolphins are friendly and clever
B. people are cruel to animals
C. Jack is different from other dolphins
D. dolphins should be protected'by law
答案：A 指导：文章大部分篇幅都在讲述海豚与其他动物的不同，它们与人类的友谊的故事，说明了海豚是一种友好而又聪明的动物，所以A为最佳选项。
Passage ****************
Allan goes everywhere with Birgitta Anderson, a 54-year-old secretary. He moves around her office at work and goes shopping with her. "Most people don't seem to mind Allan," says Birgitta, who thinks he is wonderful. "He's my fourth child,"she says. She may think of him and treat him that way, buying his food, paying his health bills and his taxes, but in fact Allan is a dog.
Birgitta and Allan live in Sweden, a country where everyone is expected to lead an orderly life according to rules laid down by the government, which also provides (提供) a high level of care for its people. This level of care costs money.
People in Sweden pay taxes on everything, so aren't surprised to find that owning a dog means yet more taxes. Some people are paying as much as 500 Swedish kronor in taxes a year for the right to keep their dog, money that is spent by the government on dog hospitals and sometimes medical treatment for a dog that fall sill. However, most such treatment is expen sive, so owners often decide to pay health and even life insurance (保险) for their dog.
In Sweden dog owners must pay for any damage (损坏) their dog does. A Swedish Kennel Club official explains what this means: if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car, you, as the owner, have to pay for any damage done to the car, even if your dog has been killed in the accident.
1. Birgitta pays taxes for Allan because _________.
A. he is her dog B. he is her child
C. he follows her everywhere D. he often falls ill
答案：A 指导：这是一道细节题。从文中此句"People in Sweden pay taxes on everything，aren't surprised to find that owning adogmeansyetmoretaxes，”不难得出正确答案，另外从第 一段末句也可得出此答案。
2. The money paid as dog taxes is used to _______.
A. keep a high level of care for the people
B. pay for damage done by dogs
C. provide medical care for dogs
D. buy insurance for dog owners
答案：C 指导：这也是一道细节题。文章第三段给出了正确答案。“Some people are paying as much as 500 Swedish kronor in taxes a year for the right to keep their dog，money is spent by the government on dog hospitalandsometimes medical treatment fora dog that falls ill．”
3. If a dog causes a car accident and gets killed, who should pay for the damage done to the car _______.
A. The owner of the car.
B. The owner of the dog.
C. The insurance company (公司).
D. The government.
答案：B指导：这仍然是一道细节题。从文章最后一段那位俱乐部官员的解释可以看出，狗主人必须赔偿一切损失，即使他的狗为此送命也必须如此。
4. From the text it can be inferred that in Sweden_______.
A. dogs are welcome in public places
B. keeping dogs means asking for trouble
C. many car accidents are caused by dogs
D. people care much about dogs
答案：D指导：这是一道推理判断题。从文中给出的信息看，瑞典人，包括瑞典政府都为狗投入很大，但是瑞典人仍然把狗当作自己的孩子般受护。
Passage ****************
We walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didn't even lift her eyes from the book. Mum pointed at a big chair by the door and I knew she wanted me to sit down. While I watched mouth open in surprise. Mum took off her hat and coat and gave them ko me to hold. She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took out a wet mop. She pushed the mop past the desk and as the nurse looked up. Mum nodded and said. "Very dirty floors."
"Yes, I'm glad they've finally decided to clean them, "the nurse answered. She looked at Mum strangely and said, "But aren't you working late "
Mum just pushed harder, each sweep (拖一下) of the mop taking her farther and farther down the hall. I watched until she was out of sight and the nurse had turned back to writing in the big book.
After a long time Mum came back. Her eyes were shining. She quickly put the mop back and took my hand. As we turned to go out of the door, Mum bowed politely to the nurse and said, "Thank you."
Outside, Mum told me "Dagmar is fine. No fever. “
"You saw her, Mum "
"Of course. I told her about the hospital rules, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. Dad will stop worrying as well. It's a fine hospital. But such floors! A mop is no good. You need a brush."
1. When she took a mop from the small room what Mum really wanted to do was_______.
A. to clean the floor
B. to please the nurse
C. to see a patient
D. to surprise the story-teller
答案：C 指导：这是一道推理题。从表面上看，拿拖把当然是拖地。但是读到最后，我们就知道妈妈拖地的目的是探视病人。因此正确答案是C
2. When the nurse talked to Mum she thought Mum was a_______.
A. nurse B. visitor C. patient D. cleaner
答案：D 指导：从值班护土与妈妈的对话中，我们看出护士没有拦妈妈，因为她认为妈妈是清洁工。所以正确答案是D.
3. After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital
A. It is a children's hospital.
B. It has strict rules about visiting hours.
C. The conditions there aren't very good.
D. The nurse and doctors there don't work hard.
答案：B指导：这是一道推理题。根据妈妈为了探视病人，煞费苦心地扮成清洁工这一点，我们可以推断出这个医院的制度非常严格。因此正确答案是B.
4. From the text we know that Dagmar is most likely________.
A. the story-teller's sister
B. the story-teller's classmate
C. Mum's friend
D. Dad's boss
答案：A 指导：根据妈妈与“我”的对话，“Dagmar”应该是个孩子，妈妈还提到爸爸也不用担心了，因此我们可以推断妈妈探视的病人应该是“我”的妹妹，所k2JE确答案是A.
5. Which of the following words best describes Mum
A. strange B. warm-hearted
C. clever D. hard-working
答案：C 指导：从妈妈的控视病人方面所表现出的智慧来看，文章应该着重表现了妈妈的聪明。所以正确答案是C
Passage ****************
The United States. Fliers may want to have their tickets in hand before catching their planes, but the airline companies are doing everything they can to bring forward cost-saving ticketless flight -- nopaper needed, just a ticket number and a photo ID (带照片的身份证). Anyone who buys a Northwest E-ticket through the airline's computer service by June 16 will get an a- ward (奖励). Next time you fly, you can buy another ticket for a friend for $ 99, going anywhere in the US or Canada through Feb. 12, 2000, along with the lowest ticket prices. Some airlines offer extra frequent flier miles for the ticketless crowd. And there are rising punishments for paper lovers. Arnerican, Northwest, United, and last week, US Airways have raised the cost for lost-ticket replacement (替换) to $ 70 from either $ 60 or $ 50. The airlines insist that the increase in price is not meant to push travelers toward E-tickets but onlyi eovers the increasing cost of replacing and tracking a missing ticket.
1.Why is the new ticketless flight introduced
A. It is cheaper for air travelers.
B. It helps reduce the cost for airlines.
C. It can use computer to plan air traveling.
D. It helps prevent fliers from losing their tickets.
答案：B 指导：参考the airline companies are doing everything the ycan to bring for ward cost-saving ticketless flight从这句话上来看，无票飞行能节约钱。
2.To encourage people to take ticketless flights, the airlines________.
A. sell their tickets for $ 99 from June to February the following year
B. let travelers go to both the US and Canada with the same tickets
C. allow each traveler to have an extra $ 99 ticket for a friend of theirs
D. offer ticket[ess travelers free miles to fly in the US
答案：C 指导：选项D错的原因是①向无票乘客提供短途(miles) 免费游是部分航空公司的举措，不是所有航空公司所为；② 只对常客提供这种免费游，不是对任何乘客。
3.Who are the paper lovers mentioned in the,text
A. People who like to have paper airplane tickets.
B. People who love paper products of various kinds.
C. People who travel with paper on a plane.
D. People who have lost their ticket and buy a second one.
答案：A 指导：这里的paperlovers指喜欢持票乘机的人。
4. The airline companies say that they have raised the lost-ticket replacement price in order to ________.
A. attract travelers to take tieketless flights
B. punish those who insist on using paper tickets
C. do better than other airline companies
D. pay for the work to deal with lost tickets
答案：D 指导：虽然文章中有这样一句话And thereare rising punishments for paper lovers，但这不是航空公司所说的话，惩罚持票者也不是航空公司的目的，故不选B。文章的最后一句说出了机票挂失提价的真正目的，也就是为了填补因为挂失而查找失票所造成的花费，这与选项D一致。
Passage ****************
Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practising until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A great athlete practises until he can play quickly, correctly, without thinking. Tennis players call that "being in the zone". Educators call it "automatieity (自动)".
A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and get the meanings of the words. With practice, he speaks with fewer and fewer pauses and mistakes, reading by the phrase. With automatieity, he doesn't have to think about getting the meaning of the words, so he can pay attention to the meaning of the text.
It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois schools, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found autonfatic readers in the first grade who were reading almost three times as fast as the other children and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and still outscoring them on correctness, comprehension, and vocabulary. "It's not L Q ,but the amount of time a child spends reading that is the key to automaticity, "according to Rossman, any child who spends at least 3. 5 to 4 hours a week reading books, magazines or newspapers will most probably reach automaticity. At home, where the average child spends 25 hours a week watching television, it can happen by turning off the set just one night in favour of reading.
You can test your child by giving him one paragraph or two to read aloud something unfamiliar but suitable to his age. If he reads aloud with expression, with a sense of the meaning of the sentences, he probably is an automatic reader. If he reads hesitatingly, one word at a time without expression or meaning, he needs more practice.
1. The main idea of the first paragraph is________.
A. what is automaticity
B. how correctness is obtained
C. how 'a child learns to walk
D. how an athlete is trained
答案：A指导：通过事例解释automaticity．
2. The Illinois study shows that the automatic reader's high speed ________.
A. costs him a lot of work
B. affects his comprehension
C. leads to his future success
D. doesn't affect his comprehension
答案：B 指导：由“scoring twice high"说明效果好，“是……分数的两倍”。
3. From the passage, it can be inferred that a bright child
A. also needs practice to be automatic reader
B. always achieves great success in comprehension tests
C. becomes an automatic reader after learning how to read
D. is a born automatic reader
答案：A 指导：作者说“自我阅读”来源于大量的练习。
4. The main idea of the whole passage is ________.
A. how to score high on comprehension tests
B. reading is the key to school success
C. how to test your child's reading ability
D. automaticity is important for efficient reading
答案：D 指导：本篇告诉读者应通过大量阅讯培养“自动阅读”，并列出了几个事例，说明“自动阅读”对有效阅读是非常有帮助的。
Passage ****************
There was great excitement at Thorby police station. The Inspector had received a phone call froman informer(通报者). The man said that a gang (帮，伙) intended to rob the main post office. He even told the Inspector the date and time for which the robbery was planned. The Thorhy police were not used to serious crimes (罪). Except for occasional cases of ap- ple stealing, their peace was seldom disturbed. Hardly did anything more serious happen.
The robbery was going to take place at two o'clock on market day. The informer said that one of the gang would have a revolver. This worded the Inspector most of all. On market days, the street near the post office was always crowded. There was danger that someone might be killed. It was the most difficult case the Inspector had ever had.
The Inspector wanted to make sure the gang was caught and he made preparation carefully. He ordered .his men to wear ordinary clothes so that some of them could mix with the people in the post office. Others were to be in the street outside to prevent the gang from escaping. On the day that the robbery was to take place, all was ready. At two o'clock, a large black car was parked in front of the post office. Three men, with handkerchiefs over their faces, jumped out and ran into the post office. Two of them stayed by the door. The third went up to the counter and pulled out a revolver. No sooner had he done this than the Inspector blew his whistle. The man standing at the counter immediately put the revolver back in his pocket and pulled the handkerchief from his face. "Could I have a five-penny stamp, please 'he said. "You will have to tell a better story than that to the Judge, "She Inspector said. "And anyway, there is no parking in front of the post office. ”
1. From the story, we may conclude that the Inspector was a very ________man.
A. funny and careful
B. humorous and careful
C. exciting and hardworking
D. strict and serious
答案：B 指导：从“The inspector wanted to make sure thegang was cauSht”，及“he ordered his men to wear ordinary clothes”与“Othermenweretobeinthestreet"可以看出他从思想上、行动上都做了充分的准备。最后，当蒙面人突然说要买邮票时，The inspector said，“You'll have to tell a better story than that to the Judge”，这都说明了The Inspector was a humorous and careful man．
2. The Inspector was worried most of all because________.
A. he was not used to serious crimes
B. it was a very difficult case
C. the robbers had a revolver
D. the post office was in a busy street
答案：B指导：因为案情棘手。
3. What do you think a "revolver"is It's________.
A. a bomb B. a hand gun
C. a wireless phone set D. a wallet
答案：B 指导：从“A gang intended to rob．．．”和“The lnspector wanted to make sure to catch the gang”可猜测出他们身上带 了手枪。
Passage ****************
We find that bright children are seldom held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary (相反), both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (近能力分班) pupils. It does not consider the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright children. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be the bottom of the top grade.
Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual (智力的) ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We care much about the development of all the pupils' abilities to the full, not just their study ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching does good to ill these aspects of learning.
In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the chance to learn to work together, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to deal with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze (分析) and evaluate (评价) and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from theteacher.
Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual (个人的) tasks, and they can do this at heir own speed They also have some formal class teaching when this is proper. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do his well An advanced pupil can do advanced work and it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every enouragement to achieve this goal.
1. By "held back"(Line 1) the writer means"________".
A. made to remain in the same class
B. forced to study in the lower class
C. drawn away from their studies
D. prevented from advancing
答案：D 指导：仔细理解“held back”出现的语言环境．．．aresel—dom held back．．．On the contrary．．．are enriched可猜出“阻止”之意。
2. The writer argues that what a teacher mainly cares about should be the development of the student's________.
A. personal qualities and social skills
B. total personality
C. learning ability and communicative skills
D. intellectual ability
答案：B指导：由全文可知。
3. The writer's purpose of writing this passage is to________.
A. argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class
B. advise pair work and group work for classroom activity
C. offer advice on the proper use of the library
D. tell us the importance of proper formal classroom teaching
答案：B 指导：从第一、二段可判断作者写此文章的目的是argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the SalTle class．B．C、D三项是下面各段提供的论据。
4. What would be the best title for the text
A. Pair work. B. Group work.
C. Mixed-ability. D. Individual tasks.
答案：C 指导：文章第一句话就提出了论点。整篇文章围绕mixed-a-bilityteaching这一中心来叙述的。A、B、D三项是综合教学能力的一部分。
Passage ****************
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful This might be called laziness, but Dr Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you're "hot". That's true. The time of the day when you feel most energetic is when you cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as "Get up, John! You'll be late for work again!"The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-an&energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realise what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help. Dr. Kleitman believe~ May- be you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night be- fore. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
1. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably________.
A. he is a lazy person
B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C. he is not sure when his energy is low
D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
答案：D 指导：根据第二段，有些人的精力高峰出现在下午或晚上，所以让他早起很困难。
2. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage
A. Unwareness of energy cycles.
B. Familiar monologues.
C. A change in a family member's energy cycle.
D. Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.
答案：A指导：第二段最后一句话说“当夫妻意识到什么是能量循环以及每个家庭成员的循环状况时，他们就会停止吵架。”
3. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should________.
A. change his energy cycle
B. overcome his laziness
C. get up earlier than usual
D. go to bed earlier
答案：C 指导：第三段最后一句话给出答案。早起有助于你在精力低落时仍然高效工作。
4. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will________.
A. help to keep your energy for the day's work
B. help you to control your temper early in the day
C. enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D. keep your energy cycle under control all day
答案：A 指导：第四段第一句话说，慢点起床可节省能量。
Passage ****************
Polly Jones lived on a farm. She had lived mere all her life, all twelve years of it. Her father, who managed the farm, had just lifted the potato crop. Prices were high: he wanted to sell the crop as quickly as he could.
Polly wandered over the rough field looking for the smaller potatoes that the pickers had accidentally missed. She found one, then another, then a handful. She was pleased. They were delicious once cooked. Then she caught sight of something else. It looked like a piece of coloured stone. Polly picked it up and thought bow pretty it was. She could see a pattern on it: a picture of a fish and a part of a leaf. She scraped (擦去) the soil away around her feet and found that she was standing on what seemed to be a piece of pavement (铺路石). Stuck to another piece of stone was something small and round like a button. She realized it was an old coin.
The field was busy the next morning though not with potato pickers. In front o{ the house where the farm machinery usually stood were several cars and a police van. A group of distinguished-looking men and women had appeared the morning after her father's telephone call. The local television station had shown some pictures of the field with Polly pointing to the place where she had found her pavement. It was proving to be of Roman origin and was being described as the most exciting thing that had happened in the area since the end of the Second World War. In those days an American airhase had occupied the site of the potato field.
A week later about forty students arrived from the local university. That afternoon a truck with equipment arrived. The excavation (挖掘) was officially under way. Permission had been given and the "dig" as it was called, was expected to last several months. Polly wondered how the everyday work of the farm would get done with so many strange people around and cars coining and going all day long. All the unusual activity had made the cows and sheep restless. Her father said their cows produced less milk.
Still, it was interesting and great fun. They had let her
keep the gold coin.
From then on, Polly would walk carefully over potato fields.
1. There were still potatoes in the field because the pickers
A. had left them for Polly on purpose
B. thought they were too small
C. would pick them later
D. had failed to notice them
答案：D指导；这是一道细节题，第二段“Polly wandered over．．．missed．”告诉我们，地里仍然有土豆的原因是人们没有注意到这些土豆丢失在地里。
2. When Polly was looking for potatoes, her attention first is________.
A. a part of leaf B. an old coin
C. a piece of pavement D. a button
答案：C 指导：细节题。第二段“She scraped the soilaway．．．to be a piece Of pavement”．说明Polly注意到有一条铺路石。
3. Why did the findings cause great excitement
A. Because the coin was priceless.
B. Because an ancient Roman site was discovered.
C. Because few old coins had been found since the war.
D. Because such old coins had been found in American airbases.
答案：B 指导：这个发现引起人们激动的原因是他们发现了古罗马的遗迹。
4. How did the "dig"affect the life on the farm
A. It reduced milk production.
B. It prevented Polly from attending class.
C. It attracted more farmers to the potato fields.
D. It brought the farmers wealth overnight
答案：A 指导：倒数第三段中，“Her father said their cows produced less mild”说明了“挖掘”造成了奶牛少产奶。
Passage ****************
Recycling Resources
Increased population increases the need for natural resources and also increases waste products. Making a new useful product out of a waste product decreases (减少) our need for natural resources. Recycling means using something over again after it has been used once.
Have you ever seen a piece of recycled paper About one third of all the paper products made each year are made from waste paper. For example, recycled paper is usually used to make paper sacks. Recycling paper, such as newspapers, re- duces the number of trees that must be cut each year to make new paper.
Each person wastes a lot of solid waste. In the United States, the average is eight kilograms of waste per person each day. Most of the waste is garbage and rubbish. Finding places to dispose (处理) of solid wastes is a major problem.
In many cities solid wastes are collected and the rubbish is burned in incinerator plants (焚化厂). Air pollution control devices' are used to prevent pollution. Heat produced in the burning may be used to generate electricity. Waste that is not burned is taken to a dump. One kind of dump for the disposal of solid wastes is a sanitary landfill (废渣处理法). This method involves (包含) burying the wastes and bulldozing (平整) soil over them. Parks, baseball fields, airports, and other developments may be built on completely filled landfills.
Recycling solid wastes decreases our need for methods of disposal. The metal in broken cars can be recycled and made into new steel Worn-out rubber tires can be turned into new ones and used again. Plastics and other rubber products can be recycled. Metal cans and glass bottles can also be recycled. Increased recycling can help meet the increased demand for natural resources.
By recycling resources, people imitate (模仿) nature. Elements important to life are naturally recycled. Nothing lasts forever. Wood decays (腐烂) ,iron rusts (生锈), and concrete (混凝土) is worn away by wind and rain. All natural resources used by people eventually (最终) go hack into the air, water, and earth. 1. What is the main cause of the increased waste according to the passage
A. Expansion of cities.
B. Development of the paper-making industry.
C. Increased population.
D. Lack of recycling methods.
答案：C 指导：根据文章的第一名话，人口的增长增加了废弃物。因此，这是导致废弃物。增多因此，这是导致废弃的增多的 一个主要原因。
2. According to the passage, recycling paper is important because________.
A. better paper sacks can be made out of waste paper
B. the prices of new paper are very high
C. trees are no longer available in the developed countries
D. more trees on earth can be saved
答案：D 指导：根据第二段最后一句话，“纸的再生可以减少每年 树木的砍伐”。
3. A big problem of solid waste disposal is that________.
A. solid wastes are poisonous
B. it is difficult to find places to dispose of solid wastes
C. the disposal process is too backward
D. we don't have enough manpower to dispose of solid wastes
答案：B 指导：根据第三段最后一句话，“找地方来处理固体废物是个大问题。”
4. Which of the following can NOT be called recycling
A. Making new paper from used paper.
B. Using worn-out rubber tires to make new ones.
C. Burying metal cans and glass bottles.
D. Producing new steel from metal in broken cars.
答案：C 指导：从"recycling”字面理解为循环再利用，即将一种东 西制为新的东西再加利用。其余三个选项全符合，但选项C只是把金属罐、玻璃瓶埋在地下，并不能产生新的可再利用的东西。
****************** Passage ****************
A Shanghai boy, Chen Yinhua, is going to take part in theGlobal Young Leaders Conference in Washington, D. C. and New York from July 4--15. It is organized by the Congressional Youth Leadership Council (CYLG).
"I'm very lucky to get this opportunity to make friendswith so many excellent students.' said Chen, who attends Shanghai Nanyang Model High School. "It is a once-in-a-life-time experience."
The 18-year-old will join 350 secondary school students from across the world, all of whom have shown leadership po- tential and academic ability.
As well as trying out simulations (模拟) designed to develop leadership and decision-making skills, the students will communicate with influential figures in politics, finance, culture and the diplomatic (外交的) world.
Chen knew nothing about CYLC until last March, when the organization invited him to take part in the conference. It was his SAT application form that caught CYLC's eye at the end of last year. "I was totally surprised but felt very honored after I learned about it from the Intemet," he recalled.
As monitor of his class, he was involved in a wide range of school affairs. His many activities included debating, basketball, robot research and producing his class newsletter.
"Although these things took up plenty of time, I enjoyed the feeling of making decisions. And I still worked very hard in the classroom as well as at home,'Cben said proudly. Besides passing SAT1 and SAT2, he scored 663 in the TOEFL exam while only in Senior 1.
Chen will continue his studies at Fudan,a University. After that, he hopes to build on his interest in international relations, working for an organization like the United Nations.
1. What's the purpose of the Global Young Leaders Conference
A. To discuss some important matters in the world.
B. To develop young people' s leadership skills.
C. To compete and decide who will be the best to be leaders.
D. To offer chances for young people to communicate with each other.
答案：B 指导：细节理解题。从文中第三、四自然段可知，这次会议的中心目的在于培养和发展学生的领导能力。A不符合事实，C、D是中心目的的附带活动。
2. By saying "It's a once-in-a-lifetime experience" Chen Yinhua means"____________"
A. this is the first time for him to have such experience
B. he will value this chance to perform excellently
C. this kind of chance is seldom given to a school student
D. he is the only one to get such an opportunity
答案：B 指导：细节理解题。once-in-a-hfetxme“一生中只有一次的”，ChenYinhua如是说，说明他对此机会的重视和珍惜。其他意义都不合乎此种环境的心理。
3. Chen Yinhua was invited to the conference because________.
A. he is a rather famous person among the students invited
B. he has special skills of leadership in his school
C. he did quite well in his SAT application form sore influential people take much interest in him
答案：C 指导：细节推理题。根据第五段第二句可知。
4. Form the last three paragraphs we know Chen Yinhua _________.
A. does well only in public activities
B. has no interest in school
C. studies English the best of all his lessons
D. has the nature of being a leader
答案：D 指导：推断题。A、B,C与原文意思不符。可推知。是后一段最后一句。
Passage ****************
There is one foreign product the Japanese are buying fasterthan others, and its popularity has caused an uneasy feeling among many Japanese.
That product is foreign words.
Gairaigo--words that come from outside--have been part of the Japanese language for centuries. Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese, these terms are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.
But in the last few years the tfi. ckle (涓涓细流) of foreign words has become a flood, and people fear the increasing use of foreign words is making it hard for the Japanese to understand each other and could lead to many people forgetting the good qualities of traditional (传统的) Japanese.
"The popularity of foreign words is part of the Japanese interest in anything new, "Days university lecturer and writer Takashi .%alto. "By using a foreign word you can make a subject seem new, which makes it easier for the media (媒体) to pick up. '
"Experts (专家) often study abroad and use English terms when they speak with people in their own fields. Those terms are then included in government white papers,'said Muturo Kal, president of the National Language Research Institute.
"Foreign words find their way easily into announcements made to the general public, when they should really be explained in Japanese.”
Against the flow of new words. many Japanese turning back to the stud)rd their own language Saito's Japanese to Be Read Aloud is one of many language books that ate now flying off booksellers'shelves.
"We were expecting to sell the books to young people," said the writer, "but it turns out they are more popular wii the older generation, who seem uneasy about the future of Jal anese."
1. What advantages do foreign words have over traditional Jal nese terms
A. The ideas expressed in foreign words sound new.
B. Foreign words are best suited for announcements.
C. Foreign words make new subjects easier to understand.
D. The use of foreign words makes the media more popular.
答案：A 指导：第5段末提到原因，“用外来词语你可以让一个话题看上去很新鲜，而这样一来媒体更容易感兴趣。”
2. In the opinion of Takastii Saito, Japanese people _________.
A. are good at learning foreign languages
B. are willing to learn about new things
C. trust the media
D. respect experts
答案：B 指导：还是第5段，“外来词语受欢迎部分原因是日本人对任何新东西都感兴趣”，因此选B.
3. Which of the following plays an important part in the spreace of foreign words
A. The media and government papers.
B. Best-selling Japanese textbooks.
C. The interest of young Japanese.
D. Foreign products and experts.
答案：A 指导：第6段谈到这些词语的来历，出现在政府公文、广播中，即A。
4. The book Japanese to Be Read Aloud _________.
A. sells very well in Japan
B. is supported by the government
C. is questioned by the old generation
D. causes misunderstanding among the readers
答案： A 指导：关于这本书。作者说“are now flying off booksellers’s he lves”，因此选A.
Passage ****************
On May 13,1787, a fleet of English ships set sail for Aus tralia with about 750 people. These men and women were not ordinary passengers, They were convicts being sent to Austial ia as punishment for their crimes.
Laws in England during this period were very hard, and people were punished severely for even the smallest crimes. A man could be sentenced to death for hunting on another man's property or he could be put to death for chopping down someone else's tree. For many other crimes, the punishment was "transportation". The guilty person was shipped to a distant land where he was forced to work without pay. Often women and children were shipped to other lands too.
In 1770, Captain Cook had discovered the continent of Australia and claimed it for England. At first, England found no use for this vast land on the other side of the world, but then the American Revolution took place. England could no longer ship her convicts to the American colonies (殖民地). So she turned to Australia as a good place for her prisoners.
A former naval captain was picked to accompany the convicts to the new colony. His job was to help them build a settlement which he would govern. The captain was glad to go.
He believed the convicts could learn to live in peace. He felt they would obey the laws in the new country.
In January 1788, the English fleet and its cargo--the convicts landed on Australia. After days of searching, the captain found a good harbor. The land nearby had trees and streams. The convict colony made a new beginning here. Australia's history thus began.
1. The article tells us mainly about___________.
A. a fleet of English ships
B. hunting on other people's property
C. a convict settlement in Australia
D. how Australia was discovered
答案：C 指导：纵观全文，本文讲述英国政府在发现澳大利亚后一直没有利用这块土地，美国独立战争之后它不能将罪犯流到美国，于是将澳大利亚作为其流放地，因此选C
2. The underlined word "convict'(in Paragraph 1) most probably means ________.
A. a person who lost his family
B. a person who has done crimes and is sent to prison
C. a native living in the area
D. a person who is sentenced to death
答案：B 指导：由上下文可知，convict指犯了罪(crimes)受罚(punishment)的人，英国政府将其流放到“agood place for prisoners"，因此选B.
3. Why did England send convicts to Australia
A. It wanted to make Captain Cook happy about Australia.
B. It wanted convicts to find a good harbor and good land.
C. It could not feed its overpopulation.
D. It could no longer send convicts to America.
答案：D 指导：从短文第三段的描述中知，由于美国发动了独立战争取得独立，英国政府不能将罪犯流放到美国，这才将目光投向澳大利亚。
4. Which statement seems true according to the passage
A. Former naval captains always started new colonies.
B. The American Revolution had something to do with the convicts.
C. A great country may grow from a small colony.
D. Convicts are not easy to be governed.
答案：C 指导：文中只提到“aformernaval captain”，A项显然太武断；B项说美国的独立战争与那些罪犯有关系，这种说法太牵强，综合判断，C项是正确的。
Passage ****************
You would like to take good photographs of real-life situations but you have few ideas for pictures. I suggest you look a- round you. The everyday world is full of scenes being played by an ever-changing group of actors. You probably passed a dozen picture situations without noticing on your way to work this morning.
The realistic approach (态度) to photograph has been perfected in the past by such masters as Henri Cartier-Bresson and Bill Brand. But while you can learn a great deal from looking at the works of others, any success you can hope to achieve in this field has to come from developing an individual approach.
The main requirement for any photographer has little to do with technical matters. You must develop an awareness (观察) of the world around you and the people who live in it, and you should learn to notice when a situation may develop to a point where you will be able to take a good picture. Those who have reached this happy state will be prepared when that moment comes, and will simply raise their camera quickly and shoot. Others who are not so aware will be struggling with the camera cases and lens (镜头) caps.
Film manufactures must be delighted at the'thought of the inexperienced photographer setting out in search of the right situation and the right moment. Many miles of costly material have passed through thousands of cameras as this endless search continues. But although this waste must be put down to inexperience, you'll find that even the professionals have to use a lot of film when they are out shooting.
Not every shot is going to be a winner. If you look at the works of even the best photographers, you'll notice dozens of pictures have had to be taken only because they lead up to the successful shot of a situation that the photographer has obviously been observing through the lens. You may find that you have taken one or two pictures after the right moment has pas- sed as well There is seldom more than one shot which stands out. There is just one point where it all comes together, and often you have to waste film to catch that precious moment.
1. According to the passage, one can become a better real-life photographer by________.
A. watching the photographers at work
B. learning about famous photographers
C. just taking a great many photographs
D. developing skills and ideas for yourself
答案：D 指导：从文中的描写可以获知，作者谈到如何才能成为一个好的摄影师，谈到要注意身边的素材、观察周围的世界、还要注意摄影技巧，因此选D.
2. The writer thinks that a photographer is required to________.
A. be able to tell when a good situation might come
B. go out and search for unusual situations
C. be highly skilled in camerea techniques
D. have a camera which is easy and quick to use
答案：A 指导：文中作者谈到生活中处处有picturesituations(B错)，第三段的首句告诉我们C不对，最后一句表示不在于照相机好不好用，在于摄影师对生活的aware(D错)，从该段中间的讲述可知A对，文中有"will be prepared when that moment comes"．
3. Most likely, to catch the right moment, one must ________.
A. take pictures without too much preparation
B. take a whole series of similar pictures
C. take great care to set up the situation
D. take one picture just at the right moment
答案：B 指导：从文中最后两段的讲述可知，即使是专业人士，他们为了捕捉瞬间往往要浪费很多胶卷，“dozens。f pictures have had to be taken for the successful shot，”因此选B.
4. The passage is ________.
A. an introduction to photography
B. an advertisement for film
C. a history of photography
D. part of a book of camera instruction
答案：A 指导：全文讲述摄影师必须注意观察生活，捕捉real-life situations，不要担心浪费胶卷，为了捕捉that precious moment，often you have to waste film,不难看出其写作宗旨是A.
Passage ****************
A few years ago it was popular to speak of a penetration gap, a disagreement between young people and their elders. Parents said that children did not show them proper respect and obedience, while children complained (抱怨) that their parents did not understand them at all What had gone wrong Why had the generation gap suddenly appeared Actually the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many people argue that a gap is built into the fabric (结构) of our society.
One important cause of the generation gap is the chance that young people have to choose their own ways of life. In more traditional societies, when children grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and agree to, and to continue the family occupation (职业). In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, move out of the family home at an early age, marry or live with people whom their parents have never met, and choose occupations different from those of their parents.
In our easily changing society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did; to find better jobs, to make more money; and to do all the things that they were unable to do. Often, however, the strong desire that parents have for their children are another cause of the disagreement between them. Often, they discover that they have very little in common with each other.
Finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is another cause of the gap between the generations. In a traditional culture, elderly people are valued for their wisdom, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become out of date overnight. The young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds, separated by different skills and abilities.
No doubt, the generation gap will continue to be a feature (特点) of American life for some time to come It’s causes are rooted in the freedom and changes of our society, and in the rapid speed at which society changes.
1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that________.
A. the generation gap suddenly appeared
B. the generation gap is a feature of modern social life
C. people can reduce the generation gap
D. many critics argue over the nature of the generation gap
答案：B指导：本段最后一句。从语篇层次考虑，文章最后一段第一句意义相同。
2. The word "around'in Paragraph I means________.
A. on all sides B. near
C. in every direction D. in existence
答案：D指导：存在。
3. Which cause of the generation gap is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Young people like to choose their own life styles.
B. American society is changing very fast.
C. Parents place high hopes on their children.
D. Modern education makes them think differently.
答案：D 短文没提到D项信息。
4. In American society, young people often________.
A. depend on their parents to make a life
B. stay with their parents in order to get a chance for higher education
C. seek the best advice from their parents
D. have very little in common with their parents
答案：D第三段最后一句。
Passage ****************
Some English words are made up of the same part and have different beginnings and different endings, such as import, ex- port, report and transport. All these words, you can see, have the same root "port", which comes from the Latin (拉丁文) word, meaning "to carry'or "to movenfrom one place to another. And according to the bit at the beginning which we call the prefix (前缀),the meaning changes: "import"means "to carry in", or "to bring into a country"; "export" "exn,means "out of" so this word means "to carry out of a country";"re"means "hack", so the word "report"means "to tell somebody, to bring1 back information to somebody"; "transport", "trans" means "across'and it means "to carry across one place to another" !
Let's look at the following words; supporter, reporter, importer and exporter. You can see that in this case these words are nouns which are made up of the verbs. Adding a suffix "er'to a verb means a person who does this thing. So supporter means somebody who supports. A reporter is somebody who reports. Importer is somebody who imports and exporter is somebody who exports, and so on.
1. "Some English words are made up of the same part... ", in the sentence "part"means ________.
A. different beginnings and different endings
B. the same part which has several meanings
C. the root of a word
D. the same root which has different meaning
答案：C 指导：这个相同的部分为“词根”。
2. Which of the following is not true ________.
A. Besides "port", most English words have the same root which comes form the Latin word.
B. "port"is the root forming some English words.
C. The root "port"means "to carry".
D. "port"is the root meaning "to move"from one place to another.
答案：A 指导：并非大多数英语词汇都有来自拉丁文的同一词根。
3. By adding a prefix of a suffix to a root, we can get a word which has________.
A. the meaning of a Latin word
B. a different meaning
C. the meanings of "in"or "out of"
D. a lot of meanings
答案：B指导：通过前后缀使词义改变。一般说来英语中前缀改变意思，后缀改变词性。
4. We can get a noun
A. just by adding "er"to a verb
B. by changing a prefix
C. only by adding "er'to a root
D. by adding a suffix to a verb
答案：D 指导：通过在动词上加后缀构成名词。其余选项均为错项。
5. According to the passage, if we talk about a repairman, you may guess that he must be ________.
A. somebody who has regained (恢复) health
B. a person who can repair something
C. somebody who was good health
D. a person who can do only simple things
答案：B 指导：repairman是合成名词，可解释为“A man who can repair something"。
Passage ****************
In 1847 she asked to be accepted at a small medical school in New York. Largely (主要的) as a joke, the school accepted her. The teachers and pupils were all men. They waited for Elizabeth to make a fool of herself (为了愚弄她) and then go away. But Elizabeth felt she could learn anything a man could learn. And she proved it. No one laughed at her. The jokes stopped, but none of the town's people would speak to her. They thought she was wrong to study medicine.
As a student, Elizabeth helped treat (医治) sick poor people during her summer holidays. She found out that she had much more to learn as she tried to help them. "I must learn more "she said "there is so much work to be done among the sick (病人). Somehow (以某种方式) I must get (劝说) other woman to help me!"
That autumn she returned to school. Elizabeth Blackweel became a doctor in 1849. She was the first woman in the United States to become a doctor.
1. At first it seemed that it was impossible for Elizabeth to find a school to attend because________.
A. there were no medical schools in her hometown in those days
B. Elizabeth wanted to teach herself medicine at home
C. a few doctors helped her to study medicine
D. most people of her day didn't think that women should have the same chance
答案：D 指导：由第一段可知对于Elizabeth来说，进入一个医学院学习是不可能的，因为许多人认为妇女没有与男人同等的机会。
2. A small medical school in New York accepted Elizabeth because________.
A. she asked to be aeeepted many times
B. she was good at telling funny jokes
C. the school didn't take the matter seriously(严肃认真对待这件事)
D. the teachers and pupils wanted to have a try
答案：C 指导：由第——段第二句，“Largely as a joke，the school accepted her。以及下面接下来的The teachers and pupils were all men．They waited for Elizabeth to make a fool Of herse“ and then go away”．可知学校并不是严肃认真地对待Elizabeth在医学院学习这件事。
3. Some time later, no one in the school laughed at her because________.
A. she did an experiment to prove that she was quite right
B. she stopped telling jokes and began to work hard
C. they thought she was wrong to study medicine
D. Elizabeth proved to be a success as a medical student
答案：D指导：“And she proved it No one laughed at her．”由于她证明了自己与男人一样成功，没有人再取笑她了。
4. Elizabeth began to help treat sick poor people_________.
A. as soon as she graduated from the medical school
B. when she was still a medical student at that school
C. when the weather was very hot in the summer
D. as she found out that she had much more to learn
答案：B 指导：由短文的第三段可知。
5. Choose the best title for the passage from among the following.
A. The First Woman Doctor in the USA
B. Elizabeth Became a Doctor after Years of Hard Work
C. Elizabeth --Pioneer in the Study of Medicine in America
D. Women Should Have the Same Chance to Work as Men
答案：A 指导：本文讲述的是美国第一个妇女医生的成长故事。所以A项是最理想的标题。
Passage ****************
NEW ZEALAND WEATHER CHART
Temperatures and Rainfall for Summer and Winter
1. The maximum temperature in Wellington in winter is about_________.
A. 12℃ B. 14℃
C. 15℃ D. 19℃
答案：A 指导：图表左边的纵坐标表示气温，右边的纵坐标表示降雨量，四个城市Auckland，Welington，Christchurch和Queenstown夏季和冬季的最低气温、最高气温分别在两个图表中用□■从左到右依次表示。从右边图表可看出：表示Wellington冬天最高气温的■顶点在靠近10℃～15℃的中间位置偏下，即大约12℃．
2. The city whose temperature varies (变化) from about 4℃ to 11'C in winter is_______.
A. Auckland B. Wellington
C. Christchurch D. Queenstown
答案：C 指导：从右表看，表示Christchurch最低气温口的顶点不到5℃。表示最高气温■顶点超过10℃．
3. The cities whose rainfall varies LEAST from summer to winter are_______.
A. Queenstown and Auckland
B. Auckland and Wellington
C. Wellington and Christchurch
D. Christchurch and Queenstown
答案：D 指导：通过左、右两图表中各城市冬、夏两季降雨量的差别的比较可知：C城和Q城冬、夏两季降雨量的差别最小，即 变化最小，故选D.
4. From summer to winter the greatest difference between the
maximum and minimum temperature is experienced in_______.
A. Auckland B. Wellington
C. Christchurch D. Queenstown
答案：D 指导：从左、右两图表看：Q城夏季最高气温超过20℃， 而冬季最低气温近10℃左右，是四个城市中差别最大的。
5. Which of the following is true The temperature is_______.
A. lower in Auckland than Wellington in stmmer
B. higher in Wellington than Christchurch in winter
C. lower in Christchurch than Queenstown in winter
D. higher in Queenstown than Auckland in summer
答案：B 指导：从所提供的四个选项中，只有B项符合图表所示：即冬季Wellington的气温比Christchurch高(见图)。
Passage ****************
Dolphins (海豚) are not fish, but warm-blooded animals. They live in groups, and speak to each other in their own language. In this they are like other animals, such as bees and birds. But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals. Their brain is nearly the same size as our own, and they live a long time--at least twenty or thirty years.
Like some animals, dolphins use sound to help them find their way around. They also make these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food. We now know they do not use their ears to receive these sounds, but the lower part of the mouth, called the jaw.
Strangely, dolphins seem to like man, and for thousands of years there have been stories about the dolphin and its friendship with people.
There is a story about sailors in the 19th century. In a dangerous part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to look for a dolphin called Jack. From 1871 to 19典型例题 met every boat in the area and showed it the way. Then in 19典型例题assenger on a boat called The penguin shot and wounded Jack. He recovered and for nine years more continued to guide all ships through the area except for The penguin.
Today, some people continue to kill dolphins, but manycountries of the world now protect them and in these places it is against the law to kill them.
1. Dolphins are different from many other animals in that they_______.
A. live in groups B. have large brains
C. are warm-blooded D. have their own language
答案：B 指导：根据第一段最后两句话可知，海豚区别于几乎所有的陆地动物，是因为它们的大脑几乎和人类的一样大而且生活时间长。
2. Which of the following does the dolphin use to help it find its way around _______.
A. Its nose. B. Its ears.
C. Its mouth. D. Its eyes.
答案：C 指导，海豚是靠声音探路的，而接听声音的地方却不是耳朵而是嘴的下部。
3. Why did the sailors off the coast of New Zealand look for Jack
A. He was lonely and liked to be with people.
B. They enjoyed playing with him.
C. He was seriously wounded.
D. They wanted his help.
答案：D 指导：由于这片水城十分凶险，所以水手们需要杰克的帮助。
4. By telling the story of Jack the writer wanted to show that_______.
A. dolphins are friendly and clever
B. people are cruel to animals
C. Jack is different from other dolphins
D. dolphins should be protected'by law
答案：A 指导：文章大部分篇幅都在讲述海豚与其他动物的不同，它们与人类的友谊的故事，说明了海豚是一种友好而又聪明的动物，所以A为最佳选项。
Passage ****************
Allan goes everywhere with Birgitta Anderson, a 54-year-old secretary. He moves around her office at work and goes shopping with her. "Most people don't seem to mind Allan," says Birgitta, who thinks he is wonderful. "He's my fourth child,"she says. She may think of him and treat him that way, buying his food, paying his health bills and his taxes, but in fact Allan is a dog.
Birgitta and Allan live in Sweden, a country where everyone is expected to lead an orderly life according to rules laid down by the government, which also provides (提供) a high level of care for its people. This level of care costs money.
People in Sweden pay taxes on everything, so aren't surprised to find that owning a dog means yet more taxes. Some people are paying as much as 500 Swedish kronor in taxes a year for the right to keep their dog, money that is spent by the government on dog hospitals and sometimes medical treatment for a dog that fall sill. However, most such treatment is expen sive, so owners often decide to pay health and even life insurance (保险) for their dog.
In Sweden dog owners must pay for any damage (损坏) their dog does. A Swedish Kennel Club official explains what this means: if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car, you, as the owner, have to pay for any damage done to the car, even if your dog has been killed in the accident.
1. Birgitta pays taxes for Allan because _________.
A. he is her dog B. he is her child
C. he follows her everywhere D. he often falls ill
答案：A 指导：这是一道细节题。从文中此句"People in Sweden pay taxes on everything，aren't surprised to find that owning adogmeansyetmoretaxes，”不难得出正确答案，另外从第 一段末句也可得出此答案。
2. The money paid as dog taxes is used to _______.
A. keep a high level of care for the people
B. pay for damage done by dogs
C. provide medical care for dogs
D. buy insurance for dog owners
答案：C 指导：这也是一道细节题。文章第三段给出了正确答案。“Some people are paying as much as 500 Swedish kronor in taxes a year for the right to keep their dog，money is spent by the government on dog hospitalandsometimes medical treatment fora dog that falls ill．”
3. If a dog causes a car accident and gets killed, who should pay for the damage done to the car _______.
A. The owner of the car.
B. The owner of the dog.
C. The insurance company (公司).
D. The government.
答案：B指导：这仍然是一道细节题。从文章最后一段那位俱乐部官员的解释可以看出，狗主人必须赔偿一切损失，即使他的狗为此送命也必须如此。
4. From the text it can be inferred that in Sweden_______.
A. dogs are welcome in public places
B. keeping dogs means asking for trouble
C. many car accidents are caused by dogs
D. people care much about dogs
答案：D指导：这是一道推理判断题。从文中给出的信息看，瑞典人，包括瑞典政府都为狗投入很大，但是瑞典人仍然把狗当作自己的孩子般受护。
Passage ****************
We walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didn't even lift her eyes from the book. Mum pointed at a big chair by the door and I knew she wanted me to sit down. While I watched mouth open in surprise. Mum took off her hat and coat and gave them ko me to hold. She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took out a wet mop. She pushed the mop past the desk and as the nurse looked up. Mum nodded and said. "Very dirty floors."
"Yes, I'm glad they've finally decided to clean them, "the nurse answered. She looked at Mum strangely and said, "But aren't you working late "
Mum just pushed harder, each sweep (拖一下) of the mop taking her farther and farther down the hall. I watched until she was out of sight and the nurse had turned back to writing in the big book.
After a long time Mum came back. Her eyes were shining. She quickly put the mop back and took my hand. As we turned to go out of the door, Mum bowed politely to the nurse and said, "Thank you."
Outside, Mum told me "Dagmar is fine. No fever. “
"You saw her, Mum "
"Of course. I told her about the hospital rules, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. Dad will stop worrying as well. It's a fine hospital. But such floors! A mop is no good. You need a brush."
1. When she took a mop from the small room what Mum really wanted to do was_______.
A. to clean the floor
B. to please the nurse
C. to see a patient
D. to surprise the story-teller
答案：C 指导：这是一道推理题。从表面上看，拿拖把当然是拖地。但是读到最后，我们就知道妈妈拖地的目的是探视病人。因此正确答案是C
2. When the nurse talked to Mum she thought Mum was a_______.
A. nurse B. visitor C. patient D. cleaner
答案：D 指导：从值班护土与妈妈的对话中，我们看出护士没有拦妈妈，因为她认为妈妈是清洁工。所以正确答案是D.
3. After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital
A. It is a children's hospital.
B. It has strict rules about visiting hours.
C. The conditions there aren't very good.
D. The nurse and doctors there don't work hard.
答案：B指导：这是一道推理题。根据妈妈为了探视病人，煞费苦心地扮成清洁工这一点，我们可以推断出这个医院的制度非常严格。因此正确答案是B.
4. From the text we know that Dagmar is most likely________.
A. the story-teller's sister
B. the story-teller's classmate
C. Mum's friend
D. Dad's boss
答案：A 指导：根据妈妈与“我”的对话，“Dagmar”应该是个孩子，妈妈还提到爸爸也不用担心了，因此我们可以推断妈妈探视的病人应该是“我”的妹妹，所k2JE确答案是A.
5. Which of the following words best describes Mum
A. strange B. warm-hearted
C. clever D. hard-working
答案：C 指导：从妈妈的控视病人方面所表现出的智慧来看，文章应该着重表现了妈妈的聪明。所以正确答案是C
Passage ****************
The United States. Fliers may want to have their tickets in hand before catching their planes, but the airline companies are doing everything they can to bring forward cost-saving ticketless flight -- nopaper needed, just a ticket number and a photo ID (带照片的身份证). Anyone who buys a Northwest E-ticket through the airline's computer service by June 16 will get an a- ward (奖励). Next time you fly, you can buy another ticket for a friend for $ 99, going anywhere in the US or Canada through Feb. 12, 2000, along with the lowest ticket prices. Some airlines offer extra frequent flier miles for the ticketless crowd. And there are rising punishments for paper lovers. Arnerican, Northwest, United, and last week, US Airways have raised the cost for lost-ticket replacement (替换) to $ 70 from either $ 60 or $ 50. The airlines insist that the increase in price is not meant to push travelers toward E-tickets but onlyi eovers the increasing cost of replacing and tracking a missing ticket.
1.Why is the new ticketless flight introduced
A. It is cheaper for air travelers.
B. It helps reduce the cost for airlines.
C. It can use computer to plan air traveling.
D. It helps prevent fliers from losing their tickets.
答案：B 指导：参考the airline companies are doing everything the ycan to bring for ward cost-saving ticketless flight从这句话上来看，无票飞行能节约钱。
2.To encourage people to take ticketless flights, the airlines________.
A. sell their tickets for $ 99 from June to February the following year
B. let travelers go to both the US and Canada with the same tickets
C. allow each traveler to have an extra $ 99 ticket for a friend of theirs
D. offer ticket[ess travelers free miles to fly in the US
答案：C 指导：选项D错的原因是①向无票乘客提供短途(miles) 免费游是部分航空公司的举措，不是所有航空公司所为；② 只对常客提供这种免费游，不是对任何乘客。
3.Who are the paper lovers mentioned in the,text
A. People who like to have paper airplane tickets.
B. People who love paper products of various kinds.
C. People who travel with paper on a plane.
D. People who have lost their ticket and buy a second one.
答案：A 指导：这里的paperlovers指喜欢持票乘机的人。
4. The airline companies say that they have raised the lost-ticket replacement price in order to ________.
A. attract travelers to take tieketless flights
B. punish those who insist on using paper tickets
C. do better than other airline companies
D. pay for the work to deal with lost tickets
答案：D 指导：虽然文章中有这样一句话And thereare rising punishments for paper lovers，但这不是航空公司所说的话，惩罚持票者也不是航空公司的目的，故不选B。文章的最后一句说出了机票挂失提价的真正目的，也就是为了填补因为挂失而查找失票所造成的花费，这与选项D一致。
Passage ****************
Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practising until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A great athlete practises until he can play quickly, correctly, without thinking. Tennis players call that "being in the zone". Educators call it "automatieity (自动)".
A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and get the meanings of the words. With practice, he speaks with fewer and fewer pauses and mistakes, reading by the phrase. With automatieity, he doesn't have to think about getting the meaning of the words, so he can pay attention to the meaning of the text.
It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois schools, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found autonfatic readers in the first grade who were reading almost three times as fast as the other children and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and still outscoring them on correctness, comprehension, and vocabulary. "It's not L Q ,but the amount of time a child spends reading that is the key to automaticity, "according to Rossman, any child who spends at least 3. 5 to 4 hours a week reading books, magazines or newspapers will most probably reach automaticity. At home, where the average child spends 25 hours a week watching television, it can happen by turning off the set just one night in favour of reading.
You can test your child by giving him one paragraph or two to read aloud something unfamiliar but suitable to his age. If he reads aloud with expression, with a sense of the meaning of the sentences, he probably is an automatic reader. If he reads hesitatingly, one word at a time without expression or meaning, he needs more practice.
1. The main idea of the first paragraph is________.
A. what is automaticity
B. how correctness is obtained
C. how 'a child learns to walk
D. how an athlete is trained
答案：A指导：通过事例解释automaticity．
2. The Illinois study shows that the automatic reader's high speed ________.
A. costs him a lot of work
B. affects his comprehension
C. leads to his future success
D. doesn't affect his comprehension
答案：B 指导：由“scoring twice high"说明效果好，“是……分数的两倍”。
3. From the passage, it can be inferred that a bright child
A. also needs practice to be automatic reader
B. always achieves great success in comprehension tests
C. becomes an automatic reader after learning how to read
D. is a born automatic reader
答案：A 指导：作者说“自我阅读”来源于大量的练习。
4. The main idea of the whole passage is ________.
A. how to score high on comprehension tests
B. reading is the key to school success
C. how to test your child's reading ability
D. automaticity is important for efficient reading
答案：D 指导：本篇告诉读者应通过大量阅讯培养“自动阅读”，并列出了几个事例，说明“自动阅读”对有效阅读是非常有帮助的。
Passage ****************
There was great excitement at Thorby police station. The Inspector had received a phone call froman informer(通报者). The man said that a gang (帮，伙) intended to rob the main post office. He even told the Inspector the date and time for which the robbery was planned. The Thorhy police were not used to serious crimes (罪). Except for occasional cases of ap- ple stealing, their peace was seldom disturbed. Hardly did anything more serious happen.
The robbery was going to take place at two o'clock on market day. The informer said that one of the gang would have a revolver. This worded the Inspector most of all. On market days, the street near the post office was always crowded. There was danger that someone might be killed. It was the most difficult case the Inspector had ever had.
The Inspector wanted to make sure the gang was caught and he made preparation carefully. He ordered .his men to wear ordinary clothes so that some of them could mix with the people in the post office. Others were to be in the street outside to prevent the gang from escaping. On the day that the robbery was to take place, all was ready. At two o'clock, a large black car was parked in front of the post office. Three men, with handkerchiefs over their faces, jumped out and ran into the post office. Two of them stayed by the door. The third went up to the counter and pulled out a revolver. No sooner had he done this than the Inspector blew his whistle. The man standing at the counter immediately put the revolver back in his pocket and pulled the handkerchief from his face. "Could I have a five-penny stamp, please 'he said. "You will have to tell a better story than that to the Judge, "She Inspector said. "And anyway, there is no parking in front of the post office. ”
1. From the story, we may conclude that the Inspector was a very ________man.
A. funny and careful
B. humorous and careful
C. exciting and hardworking
D. strict and serious
答案：B 指导：从“The inspector wanted to make sure thegang was cauSht”，及“he ordered his men to wear ordinary clothes”与“Othermenweretobeinthestreet"可以看出他从思想上、行动上都做了充分的准备。最后，当蒙面人突然说要买邮票时，The inspector said，“You'll have to tell a better story than that to the Judge”，这都说明了The Inspector was a humorous and careful man．
2. The Inspector was worried most of all because________.
A. he was not used to serious crimes
B. it was a very difficult case
C. the robbers had a revolver
D. the post office was in a busy street
答案：B指导：因为案情棘手。
3. What do you think a "revolver"is It's________.
A. a bomb B. a hand gun
C. a wireless phone set D. a wallet
答案：B 指导：从“A gang intended to rob．．．”和“The lnspector wanted to make sure to catch the gang”可猜测出他们身上带 了手枪。
Passage ****************
We find that bright children are seldom held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary (相反), both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (近能力分班) pupils. It does not consider the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright children. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be the bottom of the top grade.
Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual (智力的) ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We care much about the development of all the pupils' abilities to the full, not just their study ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching does good to ill these aspects of learning.
In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the chance to learn to work together, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to deal with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze (分析) and evaluate (评价) and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from theteacher.
Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual (个人的) tasks, and they can do this at heir own speed They also have some formal class teaching when this is proper. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do his well An advanced pupil can do advanced work and it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every enouragement to achieve this goal.
1. By "held back"(Line 1) the writer means"________".
A. made to remain in the same class
B. forced to study in the lower class
C. drawn away from their studies
D. prevented from advancing
答案：D 指导：仔细理解“held back”出现的语言环境．．．aresel—dom held back．．．On the contrary．．．are enriched可猜出“阻止”之意。
2. The writer argues that what a teacher mainly cares about should be the development of the student's________.
A. personal qualities and social skills
B. total personality
C. learning ability and communicative skills
D. intellectual ability
答案：B指导：由全文可知。
3. The writer's purpose of writing this passage is to________.
A. argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class
B. advise pair work and group work for classroom activity
C. offer advice on the proper use of the library
D. tell us the importance of proper formal classroom teaching
答案：B 指导：从第一、二段可判断作者写此文章的目的是argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the SalTle class．B．C、D三项是下面各段提供的论据。
4. What would be the best title for the text
A. Pair work. B. Group work.
C. Mixed-ability. D. Individual tasks.
答案：C 指导：文章第一句话就提出了论点。整篇文章围绕mixed-a-bilityteaching这一中心来叙述的。A、B、D三项是综合教学能力的一部分。
Passage ****************
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful This might be called laziness, but Dr Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you're "hot". That's true. The time of the day when you feel most energetic is when you cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as "Get up, John! You'll be late for work again!"The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-an&energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realise what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help. Dr. Kleitman believe~ May- be you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night be- fore. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
1. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably________.
A. he is a lazy person
B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C. he is not sure when his energy is low
D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
答案：D 指导：根据第二段，有些人的精力高峰出现在下午或晚上，所以让他早起很困难。
2. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage
A. Unwareness of energy cycles.
B. Familiar monologues.
C. A change in a family member's energy cycle.
D. Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.
答案：A指导：第二段最后一句话说“当夫妻意识到什么是能量循环以及每个家庭成员的循环状况时，他们就会停止吵架。”
3. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should________.
A. change his energy cycle
B. overcome his laziness
C. get up earlier than usual
D. go to bed earlier
答案：C 指导：第三段最后一句话给出答案。早起有助于你在精力低落时仍然高效工作。
4. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will________.
A. help to keep your energy for the day's work
B. help you to control your temper early in the day
C. enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D. keep your energy cycle under control all day
答案：A 指导：第四段第一句话说，慢点起床可节省能量。
Passage ****************
Polly Jones lived on a farm. She had lived mere all her life, all twelve years of it. Her father, who managed the farm, had just lifted the potato crop. Prices were high: he wanted to sell the crop as quickly as he could.
Polly wandered over the rough field looking for the smaller potatoes that the pickers had accidentally missed. She found one, then another, then a handful. She was pleased. They were delicious once cooked. Then she caught sight of something else. It looked like a piece of coloured stone. Polly picked it up and thought bow pretty it was. She could see a pattern on it: a picture of a fish and a part of a leaf. She scraped (擦去) the soil away around her feet and found that she was standing on what seemed to be a piece of pavement (铺路石). Stuck to another piece of stone was something small and round like a button. She realized it was an old coin.
The field was busy the next morning though not with potato pickers. In front o{ the house where the farm machinery usually stood were several cars and a police van. A group of distinguished-looking men and women had appeared the morning after her father's telephone call. The local television station had shown some pictures of the field with Polly pointing to the place where she had found her pavement. It was proving to be of Roman origin and was being described as the most exciting thing that had happened in the area since the end of the Second World War. In those days an American airhase had occupied the site of the potato field.
A week later about forty students arrived from the local university. That afternoon a truck with equipment arrived. The excavation (挖掘) was officially under way. Permission had been given and the "dig" as it was called, was expected to last several months. Polly wondered how the everyday work of the farm would get done with so many strange people around and cars coining and going all day long. All the unusual activity had made the cows and sheep restless. Her father said their cows produced less milk.
Still, it was interesting and great fun. They had let her
keep the gold coin.
From then on, Polly would walk carefully over potato fields.
1. There were still potatoes in the field because the pickers
A. had left them for Polly on purpose
B. thought they were too small
C. would pick them later
D. had failed to notice them
答案：D指导；这是一道细节题，第二段“Polly wandered over．．．missed．”告诉我们，地里仍然有土豆的原因是人们没有注意到这些土豆丢失在地里。
2. When Polly was looking for potatoes, her attention first is________.
A. a part of leaf B. an old coin
C. a piece of pavement D. a button
答案：C 指导：细节题。第二段“She scraped the soilaway．．．to be a piece Of pavement”．说明Polly注意到有一条铺路石。
3. Why did the findings cause great excitement
A. Because the coin was priceless.
B. Because an ancient Roman site was discovered.
C. Because few old coins had been found since the war.
D. Because such old coins had been found in American airbases.
答案：B 指导：这个发现引起人们激动的原因是他们发现了古罗马的遗迹。
4. How did the "dig"affect the life on the farm
A. It reduced milk production.
B. It prevented Polly from attending class.
C. It attracted more farmers to the potato fields.
D. It brought the farmers wealth overnight
答案：A 指导：倒数第三段中，“Her father said their cows produced less mild”说明了“挖掘”造成了奶牛少产奶。
Passage ****************
Recycling Resources
Increased population increases the need for natural resources and also increases waste products. Making a new useful product out of a waste product decreases (减少) our need for natural resources. Recycling means using something over again after it has been used once.
Have you ever seen a piece of recycled paper About one third of all the paper products made each year are made from waste paper. For example, recycled paper is usually used to make paper sacks. Recycling paper, such as newspapers, re- duces the number of trees that must be cut each year to make new paper.
Each person wastes a lot of solid waste. In the United States, the average is eight kilograms of waste per person each day. Most of the waste is garbage and rubbish. Finding places to dispose (处理) of solid wastes is a major problem.
In many cities solid wastes are collected and the rubbish is burned in incinerator plants (焚化厂). Air pollution control devices' are used to prevent pollution. Heat produced in the burning may be used to generate electricity. Waste that is not burned is taken to a dump. One kind of dump for the disposal of solid wastes is a sanitary landfill (废渣处理法). This method involves (包含) burying the wastes and bulldozing (平整) soil over them. Parks, baseball fields, airports, and other developments may be built on completely filled landfills.
Recycling solid wastes decreases our need for methods of disposal. The metal in broken cars can be recycled and made into new steel Worn-out rubber tires can be turned into new ones and used again. Plastics and other rubber products can be recycled. Metal cans and glass bottles can also be recycled. Increased recycling can help meet the increased demand for natural resources.
By recycling resources, people imitate (模仿) nature. Elements important to life are naturally recycled. Nothing lasts forever. Wood decays (腐烂) ,iron rusts (生锈), and concrete (混凝土) is worn away by wind and rain. All natural resources used by people eventually (最终) go hack into the air, water, and earth. 1. What is the main cause of the increased waste according to the passage
A. Expansion of cities.
B. Development of the paper-making industry.
C. Increased population.
D. Lack of recycling methods.
答案：C 指导：根据文章的第一名话，人口的增长增加了废弃物。因此，这是导致废弃物。增多因此，这是导致废弃的增多的 一个主要原因。
2. According to the passage, recycling paper is important because________.
A. better paper sacks can be made out of waste paper
B. the prices of new paper are very high
C. trees are no longer available in the developed countries
D. more trees on earth can be saved
答案：D 指导：根据第二段最后一句话，“纸的再生可以减少每年 树木的砍伐”。
3. A big problem of solid waste disposal is that________.
A. solid wastes are poisonous
B. it is difficult to find places to dispose of solid wastes
C. the disposal process is too backward
D. we don't have enough manpower to dispose of solid wastes
答案：B 指导：根据第三段最后一句话，“找地方来处理固体废物是个大问题。”
4. Which of the following can NOT be called recycling
A. Making new paper from used paper.
B. Using worn-out rubber tires to make new ones.
C. Burying metal cans and glass bottles.
D. Producing new steel from metal in broken cars.
答案：C 指导：从"recycling”字面理解为循环再利用，即将一种东 西制为新的东西再加利用。其余三个选项全符合，但选项C只是把金属罐、玻璃瓶埋在地下，并不能产生新的可再利用的东西。