中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Famous
Leaning
Buildings
Most
buildings
are
built
to
stand
up
straight,
but
these
look
as
if
they
might
fall
over!
大多数建筑物都是直立的，但这些建筑物看起来好像要倒塌了！
1.
The
church
tower
of
Suurhusen苏乌尔胡森的教堂塔
Built
in
1450,
the
27-meter-high
church
tower
lies
in
Suurhusen,
Germany.
It
was
built
in
wet
land
on
foundations
of
oak
tree
trunks.
When
the
land
was
drained
later,
the
wood
broke
down,
causing
one
side
of
the
tower
to
be
a
little
lower
than
the
other.
In
1975,
the
tower
became
a
real
hazard
and
people
were
not
allowed
to
enter
until
the
foundations
were
made
strong
again.
The
lean
of
the
tower
is
now
about
five
degrees.
这座高27米的教堂建于1450年，位于德国的苏乌尔胡森村。它建在潮湿的土地上，以橡树树干为地基。后来，土地里的水被排干，木质地基也随之腐烂，导致塔的一边比另一边低了一点。1975年，这座塔成为了一个真正的隐患，直到后来重新加固了地基，人们才被允许进入。这座塔的倾斜度现在大约是五度。
2.
The
Leaning
Tower
of
Pisa比萨斜塔
The
work
of
building
the
tower
began
in
1173,
and
was
finally
completed
in
1372.
In
fact,
it
began
to
lean
after
just
a
couple
of
floors
were
built.
And
this
condition
continued
into
the
centuries
after
its
completion.
这座塔的建造始于1173年，最终于1372年完工。事实上，这座塔在建了几层楼后就开始倾斜了。它在完工后的几个世纪里一直保持着这种倾斜的状态。
The
tower
was
finally
closed
to
the
public
in
1990
after
people
failed
to
stabilize
its
foundations.In
2001,
it
was
reopened
after
engineers
removed
soil
from
underneath
its
raised
side.
Now
it
leans
just
an
angle
of
3.97
degrees.
1990年，由于人们未能使地基稳固，这座塔最终对公众关闭。2001年，工程师们从隆起的一侧挖掉土壤后，它就重新开放了。现在它只倾斜了3.97度。
3.
Capital
Gate
of
Abu
Dhabi阿布扎比的首都门塔
Completed
in
2011,
the
Capital
Gate
tower
in
Abu
Dhabi
was
designed
to
lean
eighteen
degrees.
The
building
stands
next
to
the
Abu
Dhabi
National
Exhibition
Centre
and
contains,
among
other
things,
a
fine
hotel
with
wonderful
views
of
the
harbour.
2011年完工的阿布扎比首都门塔是被设计成倾斜18度的。该建筑紧邻阿布扎比国家展览中心，塔楼里有一家能看到海港美景的精致酒店。
Also
known
as
the
leaning
tower
of
Abu
Dhabi,
the
tower
is
one
of
the
tallest
buildings
in
the
city.
这座塔也被称为阿布扎比斜塔，是这座城市最高的建筑之一。
4.
Big
Ben
of
London伦敦大本钟
The
building
leans
0.26
degrees
to
the
northwest.
This
is
mainly
caused
by
the
engineering
projects
that
have
been
carried
out
in
the
ground
below
it
since
the
late
1800s.
这座建筑向西北方向倾斜0.26度。这主要是由于自19世纪末以来在地下进行的工程项目造成的。
The
tower,
which
has
been
continuously
open
since
it
was
completed
in
1858,
has
nowhere
near
the
lean
of
the
Tower
of
Pisa
and
is
still
completely
safe
to
enter.
这座塔自1858年竣工以来就一直对外开放，但它与比萨斜塔的倾斜度相差很远，仍然完全可以安全进入。
【读后习题】
1.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
Leaning
Tower
of
Pisa?
B
A.
It
didn't
lean
until
ten
years
after
its
completion.
B.
It
took
almost
two
hundred
years
to
complete.
C.
It
was
built
on
foundations
of
wet
.
D.
It
has
been
open
since
it
was
completed.
2.
Which
of
the
following
towers
leans
the
most
according
to
the
text?
C
A.
The
church
tower
of
Suurhusen.
B.
The
Leaning
Tower
of
Pisa.
C.
Capital
Gate
of
Abu
Dhabi.
D.
Big
Ben
of
London.
3.
The
word
"hazard"
in
the
fifth
paragraph
means
"__A__".
A.
danger
B.
church
C.
castle
D.
treasure
【习题答疑】
1.
In
fact,
it
began
to
lean
after
just
a
couple
of
floors
were
built.
The
work
of
building
the
tower
began
in
1173,
and
was
finally
completed
in
1372.
The
church
tower
of
Suurhusen:
It
was
built
in
wet
land
on
foundations
of
oak
tree
trunks.
The
tower
was
finally
closed
to
the
public
in
1990
after
people
failed
to
stabilize
its
foundations.
从上面第一段可知，比萨斜塔（The
Leaning
Tower
of
Pisa）在仅修建了几层后就开始倾斜，而不是竣工十年之后才开始倾斜，故A选项不正确。
从第二段知道，比萨斜塔始建于1173年，竣工于1372年，耗时199年，故B选项正确。
从第三段知道建立在湿地上以橡树干为地基的是苏乌尔胡森教塔
(The
church
tower
of
Suurhusen），而不是比萨斜塔，故C选项不正确。
从第四段知道比萨斜塔于1990年不能稳固地基之后就关闭了，而不是一直开放，故D选项不正确。
本题答案选B:
It
took
almost
two
hundred
years
to
complete.
2.
The
church
tower
of
Suurhusen:
The
lean
of
the
tower
is
now
about
five
degrees
(5度).
The
Leaning
Tower
of
Pisa:
Now
it
leans
just
an
angle
of
3.97
degrees
(3.97度).
Capital
Gate
of
Abu
Dhabi:
The
Capital
Gate
Tower
of
Abu
Dhabi
was
designed
to
lean
eighteen
degrees
(18度).
Big
Ben
of
London:
The
building
leans
0.26
degrees
(0.26度)
to
the
northwest.
很明显，倾斜角度最大的是Capital
Gate
of
Abu
Dhabi。
因此，本题答案选C:
Capital
Gate
of
Abu
Dhabi.
3.
In
1975,
the
tower
became
a
real
hazard
and
people
were
not
allowed
to
enter
until
the
foundations
were
made
strong
again.
这是一道猜词题，可以根据其前后文来推断。
在本段中，前面讲到苏乌尔胡森的教堂塔成为一个hazard，后面紧接着说，直到地基再次加固后人们才被允许进入塔内。由此推断，在地基加固之前，该塔并不安全。选项A（danger：危险之物）最符合语境。
因此，本题答案选A:
danger
【深度讲解】
01．Most
buildings
are
built
to
stand
up
straight,
but
these
look
as
if
they
might
fall
over!
重点词汇词组
as
if
似乎；好像；仿佛（=as
though）
e.g.
He
swayed
slightly,
as
if
about
to
fall.
他微微摇晃着，好像要跌倒了。
look
as
if
看起来似乎
seem
as
if=seem
that
似乎；好像
e.g.
It
looks
as
if
it's
going
to
rain.
看起来好像要下雨了。
It
seems
as
if
you
are
the
first
one
here.
好像你是第一个来的。
fall
over
摔倒；跌倒；倒下
e.g.
The
little
boy
fell
over
and
started
to
cry.
小男孩跌倒了，开始哭了起来。
02.
Built
in
1450,
the
27-meter-high
church
tower
lies
in
Suurhusen,
Germany.
重点词汇词组
lie
①
v.
坐落；位于(lie-lying-lay-lain)
e.g.
Spain
lies
in
the
south
of
Europe.
西班牙位于欧洲的南部。
The
Tasman
Sea
lies
between
Tasmania
and
Australia.
塔斯曼海位于塔斯马尼亚和澳大利亚之间。
②
v.
躺；平放；处于；保持；存在；在于（lie-lying-lay-lain）
③
v.
说谎；撒谎（lie-lying-lied-lied）
④
n.
谎言；谎话
03.
When
the
land
was
drained
later,
the
wood
broke
down,
causing
one
side
of
the
tower
to
be
a
little
lower
than
the
other.
本句基本结构为“主+谓”，
When
the
land
was
drained
later为时间状语从句，causing
one
side
of
the
tower
to
be
a
little
lower
than
the
other为动词现在分词短语，作结果状语。
重点词汇词组
drain
①
v.（使）流走；（使）排出；（使）流干；喝光
e.g.
We
drained
the
pond
and
filled
it
with
fresh
water.
我们把池塘中的水放干后重新注入清水。
Wash
the
leeks
thoroughly
and
allow
them
to
drain.
彻底清洗韭葱，再沥去水分。
②
v.
使筋疲力尽
e.g.
The
long
journey
completely
drained
me.
这次长途旅行可把我给累垮了。
drained
adj.
筋疲力尽的
③
v.
耗尽
e.g.
As
his
energy
drained
away,
his
despair
and
worry
grew.
当他的精力耗尽时，他的绝望和担心也增加了。
break
down
①（使）分解
e.g.
The
report
breaks
down
the
results
region
by
region.
报告将调查结果按地区分成若干部分。
②
停止运转；发生故障
e.g.
Our
car
broke
down
and
we
had
to
push
it
off
the
road.
我们的汽车抛锚了，我们不得不把它推离道路。
③
毁掉；打破；消除；破裂
e.g.
We
want
to
break
down
barriers
between
doctors
and
patients.
我们想打破医生和病人之间的隔阂。
④（身体、精神）垮掉；感情失控（痛哭起来）
e.g.
Her
sister
broke
down,
sobbing
into
her
handkerchief.
她姐姐忍不住哭了起来，用手绢捂着脸。
04.
In
1975,
the
tower
became
a
real
hazard
and
people
were
not
allowed
to
enter
until
the
foundations
were
made
strong
again.
重点词汇词组
hazard
n.
危险；隐患
e.g.
a
health/fire
hazard
健康／火灾隐患
Polluted
water
sources
are
a
hazard
to
wildlife.
受污染的水源对野生动物是一种危害。
05.
The
lean
of
the
tower
is
now
about
five
degrees.
重点词汇词组
lean
①
v.
倾斜；倚；靠
e.g.
Lean
on
me
if
you
feel
dizzy.
如果你觉得头晕，就靠在我身上。
He
leaned
forward,
his
elbows
resting
on
the
table.
他向前倾着身子，两肘支在桌子上。
②
adj.
苗条的；健美的；（肉）瘦的，脂肪少的；（公司等）精简的
③
n.
倾斜
06.
The
tower
was
finally
closed
to
the
public
in
1990
after
people
failed
to
stabilize
its
foundations.
重点词汇词组
fail
to
do
sth
没能成功做某事；未做到某事
e.g.
I
fail
to
comprehend
their
attitude.
我无法理解他们的态度。
She
failed
to
gain
admission
to
the
university
of
her
choice.
她没有被她所选择的大学录取。
stabilize
v.（使）稳固；（使）稳定
e.g.
Although
her
illness
is
serious,
her
condition
is
beginning
to
stabilize.
虽然她病得很重，但病情正开始趋于稳定。
Officials
hope
the
move
will
stabilize
exchange
rates.
官员们希望此举将稳定汇率。
stabilization
n.
stable
adj.
07.
In
2001,
it
was
reopened
after
engineers
removed
soil
from
underneath
its
raised
side.
Now
it
leans
just
an
angle
of
3.97
degrees.
重点词汇词组
remove
①
v.
移走；搬走；去掉
e.g.
Will
you
please
remove
your
handbag
from
the
seat?
请把您的手提包从座位上拿下来好吗?
②
v.
清除；除去
e.g.
He
had
an
operation
to
remove
a
tumour.
他做了切除肿瘤的手术。
underneath
prep/adv.
在…下面；在…底下
e.g.
She
was
wearing
a
smart
jacket
with
a
T-shirt
underneath.
她穿了件时髦的夹克，里面是一件
T
恤衫。
A
number
had
been
painted
underneath
the
table.
桌子底下涂有一个数字。
08.
This
is
mainly
caused
by
the
engineering
projects
that
have
been
carried
out
in
the
ground
below
it
since
the
late1800s.
重点词汇词组
carry
out
实施；执行；实行
e.g.
He
carried
out
the
plan
without
difficulty.
他毫无困难地实施了那项计划。
09.
The
tower,
which
has
been
continuously
open
since
it
was
completed
in
1858,
has
nowhere
near
the
lean
of
the
Tower
of
Pisaand
is
still
completely
safe
to
enter.
句子解析
1.
本句基本结构为“主+谓+宾，and+系+表”，which
has
been
continuously
open
since
it
was
completed
in
1858为非限定性定语从句，修饰tower，其结构可再划分为：
which
has
been
continuously
open
since
it
was
completed
in
1858
其基本结构为“主+系+表”，
since
it
was
completed
in
1858为时间状语从句。
2.“nowhere
near”为副词短语，意为“远不及；远没有”，此处修饰动词has，相当于“has
not
at
all
the
lean
of
the
Tower
of
Pisa”，可以理解为“这座塔远没有比萨斜塔的倾斜度”。
1.
The
tower
has
been
continuously
open
since
it
was
completed
in
1858.
这座塔自1858年竣工以来就一直对外开放。
2.
The
tower
has
not
the
lean
of
the
Tower
of
Pisa.
这座塔没有比萨斜塔的倾斜度。
3.
The
tower
is
still
completely
safe
to
enter.
这座塔现在仍然完全可以安全进入。
Nowhere
near
远不及；远没有
e.g.
The
building's
nowhere
near
finished.
这大楼离竣工还远着呢。
She's
nowhere
near
as
pretty
as
you
are.
她远没有你漂亮。
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Famous
Leaning
Buildings
Most
buildings
are
built
to
stand
up
straight,
but
these
look
as
if
they
might
fall
over!
1.
The
church
tower
of
Suurhusen
Built
in
1450,
the
27-meter-high
church
tower
lies
in
Suurhusen,
Germany.
It
was
built
in
wet
land
on
foundations
of
oak
tree
trunks.
When
the
land
was
drained
later,
the
wood
broke
down,
causing
one
side
of
the
tower
to
be
a
little
lower
than
the
other.
In
1975,
the
tower
became
a
real
hazard
and
people
were
not
allowed
to
enter
until
the
foundations
were
made
strong
again.
The
lean
of
the
tower
is
now
about
five
degrees.
2.
The
Leaning
Tower
of
Pisa
The
work
of
building
the
tower
began
in
1173,
and
was
finally
completed
in
1372.
In
fact,
it
began
to
lean
after
just
a
couple
of
floors
were
built.
And
this
condition
continued
into
the
centuries
after
its
completion.
The
tower
was
finally
closed
to
the
public
in
1990
after
people
failed
to
stabilize
its
foundations.
In
2001,
it
was
reopened
after
engineers
removed
soil
from
underneath
its
raised
side.
Now
it
leans
just
an
angle
of
3.97
degrees.
3.
Capital
Gate
of
Abu
Dhabi
Completed
in
2011,
the
Capital
Gate
tower
in
Abu
Dhabi
was
designed
to
lean
eighteen
degrees.
The
building
stands
next
to
the
Abu
Dhabi
National
Exhibition
Centre
and
contains,
among
other
things,
a
fine
hotel
with
wonderful
views
of
the
harbour.
Also
known
as
the
leaning
tower
of
Abu
Dhabi,
the
tower
is
one
of
the
tallest
buildings
in
the
city.
4.
Big
Ben
of
London
The
building
leans
0.26
degrees
to
the
northwest.
This
is
mainly
caused
by
the
engineering
projects
that
have
been
carried
out
in
the
ground
below
it
since
the
late
1800s.
The
tower,
which
has
been
continuously
open
since
it
was
completed
in
1858,
has
nowhere
near
the
lean
of
the
Tower
of
Pisa
and
is
still
completely
safe
to
enter.
【读后习题】
1.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
Leaning
Tower
of
Pisa?
A.
It
didn't
lean
until
ten
years
after
its
completion.
B.
It
took
almost
two
hundred
years
to
complete.
C.
It
was
built
on
foundations
of
wet
.
D.
It
has
been
open
since
it
was
completed.
2.
Which
of
the
following
towers
leans
the
most
according
to
the
text?
A.
The
church
tower
of
Suurhusen.
B.
The
Leaning
Tower
of
Pisa.
C.
Capital
Gate
of
Abu
Dhabi.
D.
Big
Ben
of
London.
3.
The
word
"hazard"
in
the
fifth
paragraph
means
"____".
A.
danger
B.
church
C.
castle
D.
treasure
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