Unit 1 What's the matter?Section A 讲义（含答案）

学生姓名
班级
辅导学科
英语
上课时间
课次
第 次课
授课主题
What’s the matter?
Section A
教学重点
八下Unit 1 Section A重点词汇和短语的应用
教学难点
情态动词should以及反身代词的用法
本次课教案：
考点一： What’ s the matter ? 怎么啦？出什么事情了? (P1)
【考点梳理】
What’s the matter with sb./sth.? = What’s the trouble with sb./sth.?= What’s wrong with sb./sth.?
用于询问某人有什么病, 或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题。其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用。
What’s the matter with you? = What’s wrong with you? 你怎么了？
—What’s wrong with your leg? (= What’s the matter with your leg?) 你的腿怎么了？
—Nothing. 没什么。
【考点梳理】matter的用法
（1）n.问题，事情
as a matter of fact= in fact 事实上, 实际上
（2）v.要紧，有关系
It doesn’t matter. 没关系。 （用来回答别人道歉时的用语）
“没关系”还可以说: That’s OK./All right./That’s all right.
（3）no matter 意为“无论...”，后接由what, where,who,how等引导的从句。
Don’t open the door, no matter who comes.
【小试牛刀】改为同义句：
What’s the matter with the young man ?
__________________________________
考点二： I have a cold. 我感冒了。(P1)
【考点梳理】have a + 疾病名词 “患……病” (cold/fever/cough)
have a fever 发烧 have a cold =catch a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽
have a stomachache 胃痛 have a toothache牙痛 have a headache 头痛
have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a sore back 背痛
【小试牛刀】
（ ）— What's _____ matter with you?
— I have _____ toothache.
A. a; the B. the; / C. /; a D. the; a
考点三：She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water. (P1)
她昨天说话太多了并且没有喝足够的水。
【考点梳理】too much/too many/much too
短语
含义
用法
例句
too much
太多
后接不可数名词
There is too much rain these days.
修饰动词，放在动词之后
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
too many
太多
后接可数名词复数
There are too many things for me to do every day.
much too
太
修饰形容词或副词
It’s much too cold in winter.
【考点梳理】enough 的用法
（1）adj. 足够的,充分的。修饰名词时，通常放在名词之前。
I don’t have enough time to cook dinner.
He has enough money to buy a car.?
（2）adv. 足够地，十分，相当。修饰形容词/副词，放在形容词/副词后面。
You’re driving fast enough.
The house is large enough.?
（3） be +adj. +enough to do sth 足够...做某事
Little Tom is strong enough to carry the box.
Andy is generous enough to buy nice presents for all.
【小试牛刀】
（ ）1. Mr. Smith eats ______ food, so he’s _____ fat.
A. much too; too much B. too many; much too
C. too much; too much D. too much; much too
（ ）2. The boy is ___ to dress himself.
A. old enough B. enough old C. too old
考点四：She has a very sore throat now.现在她嗓子非常疼。(P1)
【考点梳理】sore的用法
sore为形容词，意为“疼痛的；酸痛的”，在句中做定语或表语。
I have a sore eye.
【考点辨析】sore, ache, pain
1. sore指因发炎引起的疼痛，是形容词，用以修饰名词，常用结构为“have a sore十身体部位”。
She has a sore back.
2. ache常与身体部位名词构成合成词，指某部位疼痛，常用结构为“have a+身体部位-ache”。
I have a toothache.
3. pain指身体某部位疼痛，常用结构为“have/feel a pain in the/one's+身体部位”。
She felt a pain in her stomach.
考点五：lie down and rest 躺下休息(P2)
【考点梳理】
lie与lay 【记忆口诀】规则地说谎，不规则地躺；躺过就下蛋，下蛋不规则。
单词
词性
含义
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
lie
动词
说谎
lied
lied
lying
躺；位于
lay
lain
lying
lay
下蛋；产卵；放置
laid
laid
laying
The town lies on the coast.
Don’t lie to me!
The hens?won't?lay?in?such a?cold?day.
【小试牛刀】
（ ）The hens _____ 50 eggs last week, but this week they aren’t _____.
A.lay; lying B.laid; laying C.lay; laying D.lied;lying
【考点梳理】 rest
1. rest作及物动词，意为“使休息”; 作不及物动词，意为“休息”。
You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading.
I’m tired, and I want to rest.
2. rest也可以作名词
（1）常用搭配have/take a rest，表示“休息一下”。
You have a cold, and should have/take a rest.
（2）rest n.其余的人或事物。此时，rest前常加the。
You may choose one among the rest.
【小试牛刀】
（ ）— Mr.Li,I feel a little nervous before the coming exam.
—You'd better take a rest from studies and relax yourself. (同义替换）
A.break B.breath C.walk
考点六：drink some hot tea with honey. 喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶。(P2)
【考点梳理】with
1. prep. “具有， 带有” , 表示某物带有或具有某种特征。反义词：without。
She is a girl with long hair.
I can’t sleep without the pillow.
2. prep. 和......（一起）
Did you?have a?fight?with?him?
3. prep 用......， 表示“使用某种工具”
Cut it with a knife.
【小试牛刀】
（　 ）—Would you like some coffee?
— Yes, and please get me some milk. I prefer coffee ____ milk.
A. with B. to C. of D. on
考点七：Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗？(P2)
【考点梳理】take one’s temperature 量体温
【小试牛刀】翻译: 你应该量量她的体温。
_________________________________________.
考点八：If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor.(P2)
如果你的头和脖子明天还疼的话， 就去看医生。
【考点梳理】 if 引导条件状语从句
1. 在含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中, 如果主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时，if从句应用一般现在时表将来。
You should take a break if you are tired.
You can ask the teacher for help if you are in trouble. 如果你遇到困难，你可以向老师求助。
2. if引导条件状语从句时，如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时。（主将从现）
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go camping.
【小试牛刀】
（　 ）—What are you doing this weekend?
—We are going hiking if it _______.
A. will rain B. doesn’t rain C. rains
【考点梳理】hurt的用法 hurt--hurt（过去式）--hurt（过去分词）
1. hurt 作及物动词，意为“（使）受伤，（使）弄痛”，过去分词和过去式都是hurt。
既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。
He hurt his right knee.
You hurt her feelings when you said she was fat.
2. hurt作不及物动词，意为“疼痛”。
My feet hurt when I walk.
I caught a cold and my head hurt.
3. hurt作名词，意为“伤痛；伤害；创伤”。
It was a hurt that would take a long time to heal.
考点九：At 9:00 a.m. yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. (P3)
昨天上午9:00 , 26路公共汽车正沿着中华路行驶，这时，司机看见一位老人躺在马路上。
【考点梳理】see的用法 see--saw（过去式）--seen（过去分词）
1. see sb. do sth 看见某人做某事 （看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生）
You can see many old people play chess in the park every morning.
2. see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 （强调动作正在发生）。
I saw a thief stealing in the bus at 8:00 last night.
类似的动词: notice, watch, hear+ do sth（看见，听见做某事的全过程）/ doing sth（看见，听见正在做某事）
【小试牛刀】
1. 我看见他时他正在河边玩。
I saw him _______ by the river.
2. 我看见过他在河边玩。
I saw him _____ by the river.
3. 我看见她正在洗碗。
I see her _________ the dishes.
4. When I walked past the park, I saw some old people ________ Chinese tai chi.
A.do B. did C. doing D. are doing
考点十：The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice.(P3)
He only thought about saving a life.(P3)
【观察与思考】共同点：介词+ doing；介词+名词/代词宾格/doing
【小试牛刀】用适当的形式填空。
1. I am fine. What about ________ (she)?
2. Thanks for __________ (tell) me the story.
3. It is a sunny day. How about __________ (go) fishing?
4. It is good to relax by __________ (use) the Internet or ____________ (watch) game shows.
考点十一：He got off and asked the woman what happened. 他下车问那名妇女发生了什么事。(P3)
【考点梳理】 get off 下车 get on 上车
【拓展】与get相关的短语：
get up起床 get to到达 get back回来；取回 get over克服；度过
get on／along well with与……相处融洽 get in a word插话
【小试牛刀】
（　　）There are so many people on the bus. I don’t think I can ______ it.
A. get out B. get away C. get on D. get together
考点十二：He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.
他希望大多数或所有的乘客下车去等下一辆公交车。（P3)
【考点梳理】expect的用法
1. expect sb.to do sth. 期望/希望/预料某人做某事。
I didn't expect her to brush us off like this.我没有料到她会这样拒绝我们。
2. expect to do sth. 预计/预料去做某事。
I didn't expect to meet you here.我未料到在这儿遇见你。
【考点辨析】expect, wish, hope
1. expect意为“盼望；期望”，侧重于相信或认为有可能实现的愿望，其常用结构为：
681990111125to do sth.
expect+ sb.to do sth.
that从句
He expects to win the prize.
2. wish意为“想要；希望；祝愿”，常用来描述不可能或可能性较小的事情，其常用结构为：
570865115570to do sth.
wish+ sb.to do sth.
that从句(虚拟语气)
I wish I would fly.
3. hope主要用来描述可能性较大的事情，其常用结构为：
576580105410to do sth.
hope+ that 从句
for sth.
I hope to see you soon.
【小试牛刀】
（　　）—Waiter, there's a fly(苍蝇）swimming in my soup.
—So what do you _______me to do, call a lifeguard(救生员)？
A. hope B. expect C. invite D. encourage
考点十三：But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.（P3)
但令他吃惊的是，所有的乘客都同意和他一起去医院。
【考点梳理】surprise v. 使吃惊 → surprising adj.令人吃惊的 → surprised adj.感到吃惊的
1. to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是
To his surprise, he found the old man was blind.
2. in surprise 惊奇地。通常用来修饰动词，一般放在所修饰动词的后面。
The two girls looked at each other in surprise.
3. be surprised at 对……感到吃惊
We are very surprised at the news.
4. be surprised to do sth 做某事而感到惊讶
You'll be surprised to find that you didn't miss anything important.?
【考点梳理】agree v.同意 → disagree v.不同意 →agreement n.同意
1. agree with sb. 同意某人
I agree with you.
2. agree on... “就...取得一致意见”
We finally agreed on the price for the house.
3. agree to do sth. 同意做某事
My mother agreed to take me to the zoo.
【小试牛刀】
( )1. _____ my surprise, Lily didn’t go to Tom’s birthday party.
At B. In C. To D. With
( ) 2. Lily and I agree_______ the English club because we all like English.
join B. joining C. to join D. joined
考点十四：Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers , the doctor saved the man in time.（P3)
多亏了王先生和乘客们， 医生及时挽救了那位老人的生命。
【考点辨析】thanks to 与thanks for
1. thanks to 这个短语表示原因，意为“由于、多亏”，相当于because of ... ; with the help of ...或with one’s help。to是介词，后接名词/代词/动名词。
Thanks to our teachers, we all passed the exam.
2. thanks for意为“因……而感谢”，for强调感谢的原因，其后名词/代词/动名词。
Thanks for your help.
Thanks for inviting me.
【考点梳理】 on time准时 in time及时
on time
准时
指正好在规定的时间内。
in time
及时
指按照预定的时间行事，尚有充裕的时间可做些别的事情。
【小试牛刀】
( )1. Thanks_____ your help, I can do it now.
A.as B. for C. with
2. 选词填空：in time; on time
She didn’t catch the bus ___________, so she couldn’t arrive there __________.
考点十五：It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others... 可悲的是，很多人不想帮助别人...
【结构分析】“It+be+形容词+that从句.” 句型。that引导的是主语从句，It是形式主语，真正的主语是其后的that从句，即“that many people don't want to help others ...”；在该结构中，that不可省略。 It's sad that...意为“遗憾的是…”。
考点十六：Did you fall down? 你摔倒了吗？
【考点梳理】 fall--fell（过去式）--fallen（过去分词）
1. fall down在本句中意为“摔倒”，为不及物动词短语，不能直接跟宾语。fall down from意为“从...摔下”。
The old lady fell down and broke her leg.
When the little girl ran across the street, she fell down.
2. fall off 意为“跌落”，强调从某处掉了下来，相当于fall down from.
He fell off the bike and broke his legs.
Look out! You would fall off the ladder（梯子）.
重点语法-- 情态动词should 的用法
【考点梳理】
1. should 用作情态动词讲时，表示责任和义务，含义是“应该”，可用于各种人称。
What do you think I should do ?
We should read his new book.
You shouldn’t eat anything.
2. should 可用来表示推测和估计，常译成“按说应该”。如：
I think she should arrive home by now. 我想此刻她应该到家了。
【小试牛刀】
( ) A country has dreams. We teenagers ________ also have dreams.
A. may B. must C. should

重点语法-- 反身代词的用法
【考点梳理】反身代词表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它还可以在起到强调的作用，用以加强语气。
英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。
?数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
myself
yourself
himself/herself/itself
复数
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
反身代词的用法
1. 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。
Maria bought herself a scarf.
We must look after ourselves very well.
2. 可用作表语，用来描述身体或精神状态。
She isn’t quite herself today. 她今天身体不太舒服。
3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气，意为“亲自，本人”，常放在名词代词之后或句末。
She herself will fly to London tomorrow. 明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。
I met the writer himself last week. 我上周见到了那位作家本人。
4. 用在某些固定短语当中。
照顾自己 look after oneself / take care of oneself
自学 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself
玩得高兴，过得愉快 enjoy oneself
伤了自己 hurt oneself
把某人单独留下 leave sb. by oneself
给自己买…...东西 buy oneself sth.
介绍……自己? introduce oneself
请自用……（随便吃/喝些……） help oneself to sth.
自言自语 say to oneself
沉浸于，陶醉于……之中 lose oneself in
5. 反身代词表示“某人自己”，不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。
表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one’s own.
我用我自己的蜡笔画画。
(误) I’m drawing with myself crayons.
(正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.
【小试牛刀】
1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for ____________ just now.
2. Bad luck! I cut _____________ with a knife yesterday.
3. They tell us they can look after _____________ very well.
4. My cat can find food by _____________.
5. Help ____________ to some beef, boys.
阅读理解
Have you ever been ill? When you are ill, you must be unhappy because your body becomes hot, and there are pains all over your body. You don't want to work. Instead, you want to stay in bed, feeling very sad.
What makes us ill? It is germs (细菌). Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can't find them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope(显微镜). They are very very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.
Germs are always found in dirty water. When you look at dirty water under the microscope, you will see them in it. So your father and mother don't let you drink dirty water.
Germs aren't found only in water .They are found in air and dust. If you cut your finger and some of the dust ( 灰尘 ) from the floor goes into the cut, some of the germs would go into your finger. our finger would become big and red, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes germs would go into all of your body, and you would have pain everywhere.
( )1. Which of the following is true?
A. If things are very very small, they are germs.
B. If things can't be seen, they must be germs.
C. Germs are only in dirty water.
D. Germs are everywhere around us.
( )2. What's a microscope used for?
A. Making very very small things look much bigger.
B. Making very big things look much smaller.
C. Helping you read some newspapers.
D. Helping you if you can't see things clearly.
( )3. Why don't your parents let you drink dirty water?
A. You haven' t looked at it carefully.
B. Water can't be drunk in this way.
C. There are lots of germs in it.
D. Water will make you ill.
( )4. Which of the following is NOT true ?
A. Germs can be found both in water and in the air.
B. Germs can go into your finger if it is cut.
C. If your temperature ( 体温 ) is not OK, there must be germs in your body.
D. If your finger isn't cut, there aren't any germs on it.
( )5. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Germs can make us ill.
B. Germs are in dirty water.
C. Don't drink dirty water.
D. Take care of your fingers.
Homework
一、翻译
1.看牙医 2. listen to some music
3.背痛 _________________________ 4. lie down and rest
5.感冒 6.量体温
7.喝一些加蜂蜜的热水 8.令某人惊奇的是________________
9.thanks to _________________________ 10.drink enough water___________________
二、根据所给中文完成下列句子。
1. It’s very _____________（重要）for us students to learn English well.
2. Take some _____________（药）and have a good rest. You’ll be better soon.
3. She is _____________（躺）on the beach and enjoying the sun.
4.Don’t be ______(生气) , he is a child only.
5.If you feel bad, you’d better take your _________(体温) first.
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Look! The baby has three _____________ ( tooth ) now.
2. —Do I need ________（see) a doctor?—No. You needn’t ________（see）a doctor.
3. There is something wrong with your throat. You’d better ___________ ( drink ) lots of water.
4. It’s important for us _____________ ( keep ) in good health.
5. He has a headache. He should _____________ ( go ) to bed early.
6. The girl is ________(cough) all the time these days.
7. Could you give me some _____________ ( advice ) about my math?
8. Did you hear them ________ （sing）the English song at 8 o'clock yesterday evening?
9. ___________(eat) apples is good for my health.
10. Doctors often tell us___________(exercise) more every day.
四、单选
( )1. My uncle isn’t _____ at the moment.
A.feel well B.feeling well C. feeling good D. feel good
( )2.-- How is the young man? --_____.
A. He is twenty. B. He is a doctor. C. He works here. D. He’s very well
( )3. We shouldn’t eat _____ junk food.
A too many B. too much C. much too D.many too
( )4.-- My mother is ill. --_____.
A. OK. B. Too bad. C. I’m sorry to hear. D.That’s OK
( )5. It’s important _____ in good health.
A.keep B. keeping C. to keep D.keeps
( )6. Could you give me _____?
A. an advice B. advices C.some advices D.some advice
( )7. You eat _______ junk food. I think you need ________ vegetables.
A. too much;much B. too many; many C. too much; lots of D. too many ,much
( )8. -- Do you agree________ me________ my English? -- Of course I do.
A. help; to B. help; with C. to help; to D. to help; with
( )9. I like Chinese tea _____ nothing in it.
A. of B. and C. with D. for
( )10.-- I hope you’ll better soon. --__________.
A. The same to you. B. OK. C. That’s right D. Thank you.
每日记背
一、词性转换
1. lie → (pt.)lay 躺；位于 2. she → (反身代词) herself
3. they→(反身代词) themselves 4. passenger→ (pl.) passengers 乘客
二、短语归纳
1. have a toothache 牙疼 2. talk too much 说得太多 3. drink enough water 喝足够的水
4. have a cold 受凉;感冒 5. have a stomachache 胃疼 6. have a sore back 背疼
7. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 8. lie down 躺下 9. get an X-ray 拍X 光片
10. take one’s temperature量体温 11. in the same way以同样的方式
12. put some medicine on sth.在……上面敷药 13. shout for help 大声呼救
14. without thinking twice没有多想 15. have a heart problem 有心脏病
16. to one’s surprise 使......惊讶的 17. thanks to多亏了 ；由于 18. in time 及时

三、句型集萃
1. need to do sth. 需要去做某事
2. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
3. ask sb. sth. 询问某人某事
4. expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
5. agree to do sth. 同意做某事
6. help sb.( to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
7. want to do sth. 想要做某事
8. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
9. have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
八下UNIT 1 Section A答案
考点一：What’s wrong with the young man ?
考点二：D
考点三：D A
考点五: B A
考点六: A
考点七：You should take her temperature first.
考点八：B
考点九：playing; play; cross; doing/washing; C
考点十：her; telling; going; using; watching
考点十一：C
考点十二：B
考点十三：C C
考点十四：B; in time; on time
考点十七：C
考点十八：himself; myself; themselves; itself; yourselves
阅读理解 D A C D A
Homework
一、翻译
1. see a dentist 2.听一些音乐 3. backache 4.躺下休息 5.have a cold
6. take one’s temperature 7. drink some hot water with honey　
8. to one’s surprise 9.多亏 10. 喝足够的水
二、根据所给中文完成下列句子。
1. important 2. medicine 3.lying 4. angry 5. temperature
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. teeth 2. to see; see 3. drink 4. to keep 5. go
6. coughing 7. advice 8.singing 9. Eating 10. to exercise
四、单选
1-5 BDBCC 6-10 DCDCD