(共28张PPT)
Unit
4
Adversity
and
Courage
Period
3 Learning
About
Language语法精析课
语法精讲透析
现在完成进行时
【体验?悟】
阅读下面课文原句,
分析句子时态
1.
An
expedition
to
the
South
Pole
with
the
great
Sir
Ernest
Shackleton—this
is
the
adventure
that
I
have
been
dreaming
of.
2.
We
are
now
camped
on
the
ice
and
we
have
been
managing
to
survive,
but
spring
is
coming,
and
the
ice
will
soon
begin
to
melt.
3.
We
have
been
struggling
for
days,
but
things
on
Elephant
Island
are
going
from
bad
to
worse.
【生成?得】
1.
以上句子的黑体部分都用到了现在完成进行时态,
该时态的构成形式为
__________________。?
2.
表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的动作的是__句。表示一个从过去开
始但仍在进行的动作的句子是_____句。
has/have
been
doing
1
2、3
【研学?析】
现在完成进行时是英语中的一种基本时态,
其构成为“主语+助动词(have/has)+been+动词的现在分词+其他成分”。表示动作从过去某一时间开始,
一直持续到现在,
或者刚刚终止,
或者可能仍然要继续下去。
一、基本结构:
have/has
been
doing
He
is
ill.
He’s
been
lying
in
bed
for
three
weeks.
他病了,
已经卧床三个星期了。
Your
eyes
are
red.
Have
you
been
crying?
你的眼睛红了。你刚刚哭过了吗?
【内化?用】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
①Tom
________________(work)
in
the
library
every
night
over
the
last
three
months.
?
②Hello,
Tom.
I
________________(look)
for
you
all
morning.
Where
have
you
been?
?
③All
these
years
they
____________________(contribute)
articles
to
our
magazine.
?
④They
________________(marry)
for
almost
15
years.
?
⑤The
little
boy
is
dirty
all
over
because
he
_______________(play)
in
the
mud
all
the
morning.
?
has
been
working
have
been
looking
have
been
contributing
have
been
married
has
been
playing
二、现在完成进行时的用法
基本含义:
1.
表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的动作,
如:
We
have
been
waiting
for
you
for
half
an
hour.
(动作刚结束)
我们一直等了你半个小时。
2.
表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的动作,
如:
The
Chinese
have
been
making
paper
for
two
thousand
years.
(动作还将继续下去)中国有两千年的造纸历史。
3.
表示一个从过去开始延续到现在,
可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,
重复发生的动作,
通常表示关切、惊异、愤怒、赞许等感彩。
She
has
been
playing
tennis
since
she
was
eight.
(惊异)
她从八岁开始打网球。
You
have
been
coughing
a
lot
lately.
(关切)
近来你一直咳嗽。
Too
much
has
been
happening
today.
(感慨)
今天真是个多事的日子啊。
He
has
always
been
studying
hard.
(赞许)
他学习一直很刻苦。
4.
常与现在完成进行时连用的时间状语:
all
day,
all
this
morning,
all
these
years,
for+时间段。
She
is
very
tired,
because
she
has
been
doing
some
cleaning
all
day.
她很累,
因为她整天都在打扫卫生。
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)It’s
hard
to
tell
exactly
how
many
people
agree
with
him,
but
research
indicates
that
the
numbers
have
been
rising
for
some
time.
很难确切说出有多少人同意他的观点,
但研究表明,
这一数字一段时间以来一直在上升。
【内化?用】
(1)选出下列句子中现在完成进行时表达的含义
a.
感彩
b.
表示动作刚刚结束
c.
表示动作从过去某时开始,
一直延续到现在
d.
表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作
①My
clothes
are
all
wet.
I’ve
been
working
in
the
rain.
(
)
②Time
has
been
flying
so
quickly!
(
)
③You’ve
been
saying
that
for
five
years.
(
)
④She
has
been
reciting
the
words
all
the
morning.
(
)
b
a
d
c
(2)用所给词的适当形式填空。
①I
________________(read)
Hemingway’s
Farewell
to
Arms
recently.
?
②I
________________(meet)
her
at
the
library.
I
believe
that
I
will
meet
her
again
today.
?
(3)完成句子。
①I
_________________English
since
three
years
ago.
?
三年以来我一直在学习英语。
②He
__________________________all
the
time.
?
他一直盼望着有辆新车。
have
been
reading
have
been
meeting
have
been
learning
has
been
hoping
for
a
new
car
三、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
时态
基本语法功能
动作的反复
感彩
现在完成进行时
强调动作的持续性
可表示动作的反复
可表示强烈的感彩
现在完成时
强调动作对现在的影响或产生的结果
不表示动作的反复
一般平铺直叙,
不含有感彩
【点拨迷津】有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时,
但可用于现在完成时,
这些动词为:
状态动词:
be,
have,
exist.
.
.
情感动词:
like,
love,
hate.
.
.
感觉动词:
see,
hear,
know,
feel,
sound.
.
.
短暂性动词:
finish,
marry,
get
up,
come,
go.
.
.
I
have
known
him
for
years.
我认识他已经好几年了。
They
have
finished
the
work.
他们已经完成了这份工作。
【内化?用】
1.
翻译句子。
①他一直在写信。
_________________________?
②他写了一封信。
_____________________
③我一直等了你两个小时。
____________________________________?
④我等你两个小时了。
_______________________________?
He
has
been
writing
a
letter.
He
has
written
a
letter.
?
I
have
been
waiting
for
you
for
two
hours.
I
have
waited
for
you
for
two
hours.
2.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
①There
__________(exist)
an
old
temple
since
the
Ming
Dynasty.
?
②__________________(teach)
English
for
almost
twenty
years,
and
I
will
step
in
another
new
teaching
year.
?
③He
_________(not
feel)
himself
since
yesterday.
?
has
existed
I
have
been
teaching
hasn’t
felt
根据汉语提示,
完成句子。
④The
manager
______________the
workers
how
to
improve
the
program
since
9
am.
?
自从上午9点经理就一直在告诉工人们如何改善这一方案。
⑤It
is
reported
that
the
project
_________________.
?
据报道工程已经完成了。
has
been
telling
has
been
completed
【常温故?勤总结】
掌握现在完成进行时应注意的三点:
1.
现在完成进行时表示动作的持续进行,
或者刚刚终止,
或者可能仍然要继续下去。
2.
现在完成进行时表示关切、惊讶、愤怒、赞许等感彩。
3.
牢记常与现在完成进行时态搭配的时间状语
all
day,
all
this
morning,
all
these
years,
for+一段时间等。
Ⅰ.
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.
Tom
________________(work)
hard
since
the
new
term
began.
?
2.
She
ought
to
stop
work;
she
has
a
headache
because
she
_______________(read)
all
day
long.
?
3.
Since
I
won
the
prize,
my
phone
has
never
stopped
ringing.
People
_________
________
(phone)
to
ask
how
I
will
spend
the
money.
?
4.
He
________________(work)
in
this
school
since
he
graduated
from
university.
?
课时素养达标
has
been
working
has
been
reading
have
been
phoning
has
been
working
5.
We
_________________(work)
on
this
project
for
four
hours.
Let’s
have
a
rest.
?
6.
It
is
the
third
time
that
you
_________(come)
to
our
school.
?
7.
So
far
Peter
__________(not
ring)
back.
Shall
we
make
a
phone
call
to
him
again?
?
8.
They
have
been
discussing
the
problem
for
two
hours,
but
they
_______________
(not
reach)
any
result
yet.
?
have
been
working
have
come
hasn’t
rung
have
not
reached
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
We
_________________the
classroom
all
the
afternoon.
?
我们一整个下午一直在打扫教室。
2.
She
______________________like
that.
她一贯是那样工作的。?
3.
I’ve
____________________for
two
hours,
but
I
haven’t
finished
it.
这本书我已经读了两个小时了,
但我还没读完。?
have
been
cleaning
has
always
been
working
been
reading
this
book
4.
They
__________________the
matter
several
times
this
year.
?
他们今年已经多次讨论那件事了。
5.
My
father
__________Beijing,
and
he’ll
be
back
this
week.
?
我的父亲去北京了,
这个星期回来。
6.
He
__________________for
three
years.
?
他参军三年了。
have
been
discussing
has
gone
to
has
been
in
the
army
7.
Sorry!
I’m
late.
How
long
_____you
___________for
me?
?
对不起!
我来迟了。你等了我多长时间?
8.
He
_____________from
China
for
three
years.
?
他离开中国三年了。
have
been
waiting
has
been
away
Ⅲ.
语法填空
Jay
Chou
was
born
in
a
small
town
in
Taiwan
1.
__________
January
18,
1979.
He
grew
up
in
a
single-parent
family.
Jay
has
always
been
shy
2.
__________
quiet,
even
as
a
child.
He
did
not
do
well
in
school,
and
his
mother
often
worried
about
his
future.
?
As
a
small
child,
he
3.
__________(show)
a
special
sensitivity
towards
music.
His
mother
enrolled
Jay
in
piano
lessons
when
he
was
three
years
old.
Jay
practiced
piano
beautifully,
and
by
the
time
he
4.
__________
(reach)
high
school,
he
could
improvise
(即兴创作)
many
songs.
?
Jacky
Wu
discovered
that
Jay
had
a
musical
talent
after
seeing
his
composition
in
a
competition.
Jacky
hired
Jay
to
compose
songs
for
various
artists.
Shortly
after,
Jay
moved
into
a
studio
in
Alfa
music
to
create
songs
for
various
pop
singers,
5.
__________(combine)
Chinese
and
Western
music
styles
to
produce
songs.
It
wasn’t
until
years
later
6.
__________
Jay
himself
became
a
singer.
?
Jay
Chou
released
his
first
album
in
2000.
Since
then
he
7.
__________(release)
albums,
and
his
music
has
gained
8.
__________(recognize)
throughout
Asia.
His
popularity
sky-rocketed
and
he
9.
__________(receive)
many
awards
for
his
songs.
Jay
changed
the
Asian
music
industry
with
his
soulful
lyrics
(歌词)
and
his
melodies
(曲调).
As
his
fan,
I
10.
__________(enjoy)
the
music
interpreted
by
him.
What
else
Jay
has
in
store
for
us
is
still
to
be
seen.
?
【语篇概述】本文介绍了歌手周杰伦的音乐之路以及他取得的成就。
1.
【解析】on。在具体的某一天常用介词on。
2.
【解析】and。并列连词and连接两个形容词“shy”和“quiet”。
3.
【解析】showed。根据As
a
small
child可知应用一般过去时。
4.
【解析】reached。根据下文could
improvise可知应填reached。
5.【解析】combining。现在分词combining在句中作状语,
主语Jay与它之间为主动关系。
6.
【解析】that。It
was.
.
.
that.
.
.
为强调句式。
7.
【解析】has
been
releasing。Since
then作状语,
句子要用完成时,
又根据句意可知此处表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作,
要用现在完成进行时。
8.
【解析】recognition。作gained的宾语,
要用名词形式。
9.
【解析】has
received。根据语境和句子结构可知,
此处应用现在完成时。
10.
【解析】have
been
enjoying。此处表示作为他的粉丝,
“我”一直喜欢他的音乐。(共91张PPT)
Unit
4
Adversity
and
Courage
Period
2 Reading
and
Thinking
(Ⅱ)要点内化课
自主素养储备
Ⅰ.
根据语境及首字母写出单词
1.
Everything
taken
into
consideration,
they
believed
themselves
more
q_______
for
the
job.
2.
The
monitor
a_______
us
to
make
preparations
for
the
upcoming
Christmas
party
just
now.
3.
The
project
had
to
be
a_________
due
to
a
lack
of
government
funding.
4.
A
further
round
of
talks
will
be
needed
if
the
dispute
is
to
be
r_______.
ualified
ssigned
bandoned
esolved
5.
My
heart
s____
when
I
saw
how
much
work
there
was
left.
6.
You
should
not
take
away
other
people’s
b_________
without
their
permission.
7.
The
failure
was
a
big
blow
to
him,
but
he
wasn’t
discouraged
and
soon
got
as
e__________
as
ever.
8.
Judging
by
what
he
has
done,
he
is
rather
s_____
and
doesn’t
care
about
others.
ank
elongings
nthusiastic
elfish
Ⅱ.
根据语境选词填空
1.
The
_____
of
the
tanker
were
rescued
just
minutes
before
it
sank
in
heavy
seas.
2.
We
are
certainly
in
a
tight
corner,
but
with
____________
we
shall
manage
to
get
out
of
it.
3.
He
was
_________
all
the
time
and
fights
would
start
over
petty
things.
perseverance,
crew,
endurance,
miserable,
envy,
aboard,
cosy,
genuine,
adversity,
voyage
crew
perseverance
miserable
4.
After
undergoing
the
stress
of
tough
competition,
school
athletes
grew
in
strength
and
__________.
5.
On
behalf
of
my
crew,
I’d
like
to
welcome
you
_______British
Airways
flight
602
from
New
York
to
London.
6.
I
don’t
_____the
young
ones
who’ve
become
TV
superstars
and
know
no
other
world.
7.
As
is
known,
all
_______knowledge
originates
in
direct
experience.
8.
All
the
________troubles
and
obstacles
I’ve
had
in
my
life
have
strengthened
me.
endurance
aboard
envy
genuine
adversity
9.
We
met
with
a
terrible
storm
on
our
______
to
Antarctica.
10.
The
couple
wish
to
live
in
a
____little
home
rather
than
in
a
big
mansion.
voyage
cosy
词汇微空间
动词去掉e+ance→n.
endure→endurance
n.
忍受
persevere→perseverance
n.
坚持
guide→guidance
n.
指导
insure→insurance
n.
保险
resemble→resemblance
n.
相似
Ⅲ.
根据语境填空
1.
She
has
___________several
invitations
to
concentrate
on
her
studies.
?
2.
_______________,
you
are
enthusiastic
about
Chinese
traditional
culture,
particularly
Chinese
opera.
?
3.
Weather
permitting,
we
will
______for
the
warehouse
for
some
bargains.
?
4.
The
moment
you
think
of
giving
up,
think
of
the
reason
why
you
_______so
long.
?
5.
Every
time
I
pass
the
school,
I
will
_______my
first
English
teacher.
?
turned
down
As
far
as
I
know
set
off
held
on
think
of
6.
I
am
walking
that
way.
I’ll
____________you
as
far
as
the
bus
stop.
?
7.
It
will
be
easier
to
keep
the
environment
clean
if
we
don’t
___________so
much
rubbish.
?
8.
We
should
________________ourselves,
and
believe
we
can
make
it
if
we
try.
?
go
along
with
throw
away
have
confidence
in
1.
turn
down拒绝,
调小
【观察·悟】
However,
when
I
applied
to
join
the
expedition,
Shackleton
turned
me
down
because
he
thought
I
was
too
young
and
wasn’t
qualified.
(教材典句)然而,
当我申请加入探险队时,
沙克尔顿拒绝了我,
因为他认为我太年轻,
不合格。
知识素养积淀
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Turn
to
a
page
in
your
journal
to
your
list
of
strengths
and
achievements.
在你的日记中翻一页,
列出你的优点和成就。
To
our
surprise
it
turned
out
that
the
stranger
was
an
old
friend
of
my
mother’s.
令我们吃惊的是,
那个陌生人竟然是我妈妈的一个老朋友。
I
finished
my
coursework,
I
turned
in
my
final
paper
and
I
got
the
degree.
我完成了我的课程,
上交了我的毕业论文,
然后拿到了学位。
I
laid
my
book
aside,
turned
off
the
light
and
went
to
sleep.
我把书放在一边,
关了灯睡觉。
She
turned
away
when
I
came
up
to
her,
as
if
she
hadn’t
seen
me.
当我走近她时,
她却转身走了,
好像没看见我似的。
(2020·江苏高考)Yet,
when
something
new
turns
up,
more
often
than
not,
we
do
not
even
know
its
name.
然而,
当新事物出现时,
我们往往连它的名字都不知道。
【生成?得】
①_______ 关掉?
②_________
转过身去;
拒绝进入?
③turn
in
_______
④turn
___
原来是,
结果是
⑤_________
翻身,
翻转;
把……移交?
⑥turn
__
转向,
求助于,
求教于
⑦turn
___
出现,
露面;
开大,
调高
turn
off
turn
away
交上去
out
turn
over
to
up
【内化?用】
介、副词填空
①That
radio
is
pretty
loud.
Can
you
turn
it
_____a
little?
②I
had
thought
the
examination
would
be
difficult.
It
turned
___quite
easy.
③We
have
been
informed
that
homework
should
be
turned
__by
this
afternoon.
④I
turned
____the
vase
to
see
if
there
was
something
at
the
bottom.
down
out
in
over
完成句子
⑤Because
the
hall
was
full,
many
people
were
___________(拒绝进入).
?
⑥He
________(转向)
an
essay
and
began
reading
it
with
interest.
?
⑦Please
_______(开大)
the
recorder
a
little,
I
can’t
hear
it
clearly.
?
turned
away
turned
to
turn
up
2.
qualified
adj.
符合资格,
具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
【观察·悟】
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I
think
I
am
qualified
to
be
a
volunteer.
Please
give
me
a
chance.
我想我有资格成为一名志愿者。请给我一个机会。
What
makes
you
think
you
are
qualified
for
this
job?
你为何认为自己适合这份工作?
After
she
qualified
as
a
lawyer,
she
decided
to
specialize
in
business
law.
在取得律师资格后,
她决定专攻商法。
Previous
teaching
experience
is
a
necessary
qualification
for
this
job.
教学经验是担任这项工作的必备条件。
I
believe
both
my
education
and
work
experience
will
qualify
me
for
the
job.
我相信我的学历和工作经验会使我胜任这一职位。
【生成?得】
①be
qualified
_____ 有资格做,
有能力胜任?
②be
qualified
___
合格做……,
胜任……,
有资格……
③be
qualified
__
合格做/当……
④___________
n.
资格
⑤_______
v.
取得资格(或学历);
合格;
使合格;
使具备资格
to
do
for
as
qualification
qualify
【内化?用】
单句语法填空
①A
victory
in
this
game
will
earn
them
___________(qualify)
for
the
World
Cup.
②The
reader
should
seek
the
services
of
a
________(qualify)
professional
for
such
advice.
③The
basic
course
does
not
_______(qualification)
you
to
practise
as
a
therapist.
④I
don’t
know
much
about
it,
so
I
don’t
feel
qualified
___________(comment).
?
介词填空
⑤He
failed
to
reach
the
required
standard,
and
did
not
qualify
___the
race.
⑥Over
1,
300
workers
have
qualified
__sportsmen
of
different
grades.
qualification
qualified
qualify
to
comment
for
as
3.
enthusiastic
adj.
热情的;
热心的
【观察·悟】
People
like
coworkers
who
are
enthusiastic
about
what
they
do.
人们喜欢对工作有热情的同事。
He
brought
to
the
job
not
just
considerable
experience
but
passionate
enthusiasm.
他不仅给这一工作带来了不少经验,
而且倾注了极大的热情。
Passion
helps
you
get
ahead;
enthusiasm
about
a
job
or
project
usually
translates
into
positive
energy.
热情使你领先,
对一项工作或计划的热情通常会变成积极的力量。(话题典句)
【生成?得】
①be
enthusiastic
_____ 热衷于
②__________
n.
热情;
热心;
热忱;
热衷的事物
③be
full
of
enthusiasm
about
_______
【内化?用】
单句语法填空
①Now
is
the
time
to
forge
ahead
with
all
the
__________(enthusiastic)
and
optimism
that
you
can
manage.
about
enthusiasm
热衷于
enthusiasm
②(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)I
was
always
an
___________(enthusiasm)
reader,
sometimes
reading
up
to
three
books
a
day
as
a
child.
③I
am
not
a
professional
person,
but
I
am
enthusiastic
_____promoting
its
development.
一句多译
我不知道什么时候会停下来,
因为我对这份工作充满热情。
④I
don’t
know
when
I’m
going
to
stop
because
I
am
_____________________the
job.
?
⑤I
don’t
know
when
I’m
going
to
stop
because
I
am
________________the
job.
?
enthusiastic
about
full
of
enthusiasm
about
enthusiastic
about
4.
aboard=on
board
adv.
&
prep.
上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
【观察·悟】
They
said
goodbye
to
him
as
he
got
aboard
the
train
at
Union
Station.
当他在联合火车站登上火车之际,
他们向他道别。
The
plane
crashed
killing
all
157
passengers
aboard.
飞机坠毁,
机上157名乘客全部遇难。
All
aboard!
(=
the
bus,
boat,
etc.
is
leaving
soon)
请大家上车(或船等)!
(表示车、船等马上就要开了)
Welcome
aboard!
(=
used
to
welcome
passengers
or
a
person
joining
a
new
organization,
etc.
)欢迎乘坐(或欢迎加盟)!
【生成?得】
①__________!
请上(车、船、飞机等)?
②_______________!
欢迎上(车、船、飞机等)?
③______aboard
登上(车、船、飞机等)
All
aboard
Welcome
aboard
get/go
【联想空间】
board
n.
木板,
董事会,
甲板,
膳食
vt.
上(船、车或飞机等);
收费供……膳宿,
使搭伙,
使寄宿
vi.
(火车、轮船、飞机等)接受乘客,
搭伙,
寄宿
abroad
adv.
在国外
broad
adj.
宽阔的;
广阔的;
……宽(用于表示距离的量度之后);
广泛的
【内化?用】
完成句子
①They
were
the
last
two
to
________________.
?
他们是最后两位上船的。
②___________________fell
into
the
river.
?
船上所有乘客都落入了河中。
③__________.
Ladies
and
gentlemen!
?
女士们、先生们,
请上车!
④_______________.
Would
you
like
a
newspaper?
?
欢迎乘坐本次航班,
要来份报纸吗?
go
aboard
the
ship
All
passengers
aboard
All
aboard
Welcome
aboard
选词填空board/abroad/broad
⑤He
bought
a
return
ticket
and
________the
next
train
for
home.
⑥When
all
the
passengers
were
on
______,
the
train
drew
out
of
the
station.
⑦You
have
the
option
of
taking
the
path
that
is
______or
taking
the
path
that
is
narrow.
⑧I
would
love
to
go
_______this
year,
perhaps
to
the
South
of
France.
boarded
board
broad
abroad
5.
set
off出发,
动身
【观察·悟】
Hearing
the
news,
they
immediately
set
out/off
for
the
railway
station.
他们一听到这个消息,
就立即出发去火车站了。
Any
escape,
once
it’s
detected,
sets
off
the
alarm.
一旦发现有泄漏,
警报就会响起来。
Setting
off
fireworks
has
been
banned
to
protect
environment.
(时事典句)为了保护环境,
禁止燃放烟花爆竹。
If
you
drop
a
lighted
cigarette,
you
could
set
off
a
fire.
如果你把一根点燃的香烟掉在地上,
就有可能引起火灾。
【生成?得】
set
off(使)爆炸,
引爆;
_____;
拉响(警报等);
引发,
引起
【知识延伸】
set
aside 保留;
储蓄;
忽视;
不顾
set
down
放下;
记下
set
up
建立;
树立;
搭起
set
about
doing.
.
.
=set
out
to
do.
.
.
着手做……
set
out
动身;
出发;
启程;
安排
燃放
【内化?用】
用set短语填空
①I
________a
large
sum
of
money
for
an
emergency.
?
②He
________the
heavy
box
and
rested
for
a
while.
?
③When
the
sun
started
to
go
down,
he
stopped
and
______a
tent.
?
④Once
I
realized
what
was
wrong,
I
________correcting
it.
?
set
aside
set
down
set
up
set
about
一句多译
我们一周前就开始为这个晚会做准备了。
⑤We
________________for
the
party
one
week
ago.
?
⑥We
_________________for
the
party
one
week
ago.
?
我在新年第一天出发去阿拉斯加进行一次新的冒险。
⑦I
______for
a
new
adventure
in
Alaska
on
the
first
day
of
the
new
year.
?
⑧I
______for
a
new
adventure
in
Alaska
on
the
first
day
of
the
new
year.
?
set
out
to
prepare
set
about
preparing
set
out
set
off
6.
assign
vt.
分派;
布置;
分配
【观察·悟】
When
I
taught,
I
would
assign
a
topic
to
children
which
they
would
write
about.
我教课时会给孩子们布置一个题目,
让他们就这个题目写点东西。
I
was
assigned
to
take
over
your
position
when
you
were
on
leave.
你休假时,
我被指派接任你的位置。
You
will
need
to
complete
three
written
assignments
per
semester.
你每学期要完成三个书面作业。
When
teachers
assign
homework,
students
usually
feel
an
obligation
to
do
it.
当老师布置家庭作业的时候,
学生们通常觉得做作业是分内之事。
【生成?得】
①assign
sth.
_________
②assign
sb.
sth.
=assign
sth.
to
sb.
___________________
③assign
sb.
_____.
.
.
布置/分派某人做……?
④__________
n.
布置,
分配
【内化?用】
单句语法填空
①She
___________(assign)to
work
at
a
county
hospital
after
graduation.
?
②It’s
wise
to
assign
special
exercises
__
the
weaker
students.
③We
believe
the
time
and
hard
work
involved
in
completing
such
an
__________
(assign)are
worthwhile.
布置某事
给某人布置/分派某事
to
do
assignment
was
assigned
to
assignment
完成句子
④I
was
told
those
rooms
_____________________.
?
我被告知那些房间已经分配给我们了。
⑤The
higher
authorities
__________________the
research
institute.
上级把这个任
务交给了研究所。?
had
been
assigned
to
us
assigned
this
task
to
7.
abandon
vt.
放弃,
停止;
抛弃;
舍弃,
丢弃n.
放任,
放纵
【观察·悟】
Despite
some
difficulties,
they’re
not
going
to
abandon
carrying
out
the
plan.
(话题典句)
尽管他们遇到了一些困难,
但并不打算放弃执行这个计划。
Those
who
abandon
themselves
to
despair
can
not
succeed.
那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。(话题典句)
The
young
shouldn’t
be
abandoned
to
computer
games,
which
can
ruin
themselves.
年轻人不应该沉溺于电脑游戏,
电脑游戏会毁了他们。
The
fans
cheered
with
abandon
when
their
football
team
won.
当他们的足球队踢赢时,
球迷们便疯狂地欢呼。
The
lost
car
was
found
abandoned
in
the
woods
off
the
highway.
丢失的汽车被发现遗弃在公路旁的树林里。
【生成?得】
①abandon
sth.
/_____sth.
放弃(停止做)某事
②abandon
oneself
__
沉溺于,
纵情
③be
abandoned
__
沉溺于,
纵情
④____abandon
恣意地,
放纵地
⑤__________
adj.
被抛弃的
【点拨迷津】
以上短语中的to
都是介词
doing
to
to
with
abandoned
【内化?用】
①To
the
disappointment
of
the
spectator,
the
match
has
to
be
__________(abandon).
②The
__________(abandon)
building
is
scheduled
to
be
torn
down
this
afternoon.
③There
was
no
chance
of
him
being
found
alive
but
they
didn’t
abandon
_________(search)
for
him.
abandoned
abandoned
searching
完成句子
④The
scheme’s
investors,
fearful
of
bankruptcy,
decided
to
__________________.
?
因为担心破产,
该计划的投资者决定放弃这个项目。
⑤He
___________________deep
despair
when
the
news
came
that
his
wife
had
been
killed
in
a
car
accident.
?
当他妻子死于车祸的消息传来时,
他陷入深深的绝望之中。
abandon
the
project
abandoned
himself
to
8.
belongings
n.
[pl.
] 财物,
动产,
所有物,
行李
【观察·悟】
I
rid
myself
of
many
needless
belongings
and
habits
that
bothered
me.
我把很多无用的物品都丢掉了,
并且改掉了一些让我烦心的习惯。
Where
do
these
plates
belong
(=Where
are
these
plates
kept)?
这些盘子该放在哪里?
While
the
two
are
only
days
apart
in
age
they
seem
to
belong
to
wholly
different
generations.
尽管这两人年龄上只相差几天,
他们却好像是属于完全不同时代的人。
When
I
got
home,
I
found
that
the
notebook
didn’t
belong
to
me.
当我到家时,
我才发现笔记本不是我的。
【生成?得】
①______ vi.
属于;
归……所有;
是……的成员;
属于(某团体);
应在(某处)
②belong
__
属于;
是……的成员;
是……的一部分
【点拨迷津】
belong
to不用于进行时态和被动语态中,
但可以用-ing作定语。to
为介词,
其后接
代词、名词类短语及从句,
表示所归属的对象。
belong
to
【内化?用】
单句语法填空
①The
house
had
belonged
__her
family
for
three
or
four
generations.
②Everyday’s
sunshine
will
remind
me
of
that
merry
period
_________(belong)
to
us.
③Please
make
sure
you
have
all
your
__________(belong)
with
you
when
leaving
the
plane.
to
belonging
belongings
完成句子
④I’m
so
glad
to
see
you
back
where
__________(属于你).
?
⑤He
wants
to
have
a
home
that
can
really
____________(属于他).
?
you
belong
belong
to
him
9.
persevere
vi.
坚持;
孜孜以求
【观察·悟】
As
students,
studying
at
up
to
achieve
the
desired
results,
we
must
persevere
in
the
pursuit
of
knowledge.
(话题典句)
作为学生,
要想在学习上取得好成绩,
就必须坚持不懈地追求知识。
This
motivates
them
to
persevere
in
seeking
the
information
they
now
want
to
learn.
这促使他们坚持不懈地寻求他们现在想知道的信息。
You
have
to
persevere
with
difficult
students.
对学习困难的学生你必须坚持诲人不倦的精神。
I
owed
my
success
to
the
self-confidence
and
my
persevering
efforts.
我把自身的成功归于自信和坚持不懈努力工作/学习。
The
only
way
to
improve
is
through
hard
work
and
perseverance.
要更上一层楼,
唯一的途径就是艰苦奋斗,
不屈不挠。
【生成?得】
①persevere
_______________ 坚持做某事?
②persevere
____sth.
/sb.
孜孜以求/对某人孜孜不倦
③__________?
adj.
坚韧不拔的,
不屈不挠的
④perseverance
_____________________
in
sth.
/doing
sth.
with
persevering
n.
毅力,
韧性,
不屈不挠
【内化?用】
单句语法填空
①Two
__________(persevere)
climbers
finally
reached
the
top
of
the
mountain.
②They
showed
great
____________(persevere)
in
the
face
of
difficulty.
③You’ll
need
to
_________(perseverance)
if
you
want
to
succeed.
persevering
perseverance
persevere
完成句子
④He
was
hopeless
at
French,
but
his
teacher
______________him.
?
他怎么也学不会法语,
可是他的老师还是坚持帮助他。
⑤Unless
you
________________a
subject,
you
can’t
hope
to
master
it.
?
你要是没有恒心可学不好科目。
⑥Fulfill
the
task
that
others
regard
impossible
and
________________things
to
make
it
perfect
that
others
regard
simple.
?
把别人视为办不到的事办成,
把别人认为简单的事持之以恒地坚持下去,
直至完
美。
persevered
with
persevere
with/
in
persevere
in
doing
10.
resolve
vt.
&
vi.
决定;
决心;
解决(问题或困难)
n.
决意,
决定;
(会议等的)决议;
坚定的信念
【观察·悟】
I
am
resolved
to
try
story-writing
but
so
far
have
not
made
a
start.
我下决心试试小说写作,
不过迄今为止还没开始。
The
two
communities
are
learning
how
to
resolve
their
differences.
这两个社群正在学着如何解决彼此之间的分歧。
After
careful
consideration
and
long
discussion
with
my
parents,
I
resolved
on
further
studying
abroad.
经过仔细思考和与父母长时间的讨论之后,
我决定出国留学。
He
made
a
resolution
to
lose
all
the
weight
gained
during
the
holidays.
他下了一个决心要减掉假期内增加的全部体重。
【生成?得】
①resolve
sth.
/that 决定……,
决心……
②resolve
___sth.
/doing
sth.
决意;
决心?
③resolve
_____.
.
.
决心做……?
④resolved
adj.
下定决心的,
坚定的
⑤resolution
n.
决议;
坚定,
决定;
解决;
消除
on
to
do
【内化?用】
完成句子
①We
must
find
a
way
to
____________________before
it’s
too
late.
?
我们必须及时找到解决这些问题的方法。
②After
leaving
university,
Therese
__________a
career
in
publishing.
?
大学毕业后,
特蕾泽决定从事出版行业。
③The
committee
___________the
meeting
will
be
held
at
Xi’an.
?
委员会决定会议在西安举行。
resolve
these
problems
resolved
on
resolves
that
用所给词的适当形式填空
④But
I
do
not
drop
in
no
case
because
I
am
________(resolve)
to
spare
no
efforts
to
catch
up
with
you!
⑤Your
information
has
made
the
_________(resolve)
of
this
problem
possible.
⑥This
merely
strengthens
our
resolve
______(win)
the
league.
?
resolved
resolution
to
win
11.
hold
on
稍等,
等一下
【观察·悟】
The
manager
asked
him
to
hold
on
and
he
went
to
investigate.
经理让他稍等一会儿,
他去调查一下。
If
we
hold
out
and
hold
on,
we
can
accomplish
almost
anything.
如果我们不断努力坚持,
我们可以做到任何事。
I
believe
we
all
can
hold
on
and
learn
more
knowledge.
我相信大家一定能坚持下去,
学更多的知识。
He
held
on
to
a
branch
until
we
came
to
his
rescue.
他抓住一根树枝,
直到我们把他救下来。
【生成?得】
hold
on 握住,
抓牢;
_____
【知识延伸】
hold
back 阻挡;
抑制,
控制;
隐瞒;
退缩
hold
on
to
抓住不放;
保留;
坚持
hold
out
(在困境中)坚持;
伸出;
拿出;
维持
hold
up
支撑起;
延误,
延迟,
耽搁;
举起,
抬起
坚持
【内化?用】
介词填空
①It
was
reported
that
the
building
of
the
railway
had
been
held
___by
a
flood.
②Please
hold
___and
I’ll
ask
Tom
to
answer
the
phone.
③He
said
gently,
held
___his
right
hand
and
was
ready
to
shake
hands
with
me.
④(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)If
an
overweight
person
is
having
a
large
portion,
I’ll
hold
_____a
bit
because
I
see
the
results
of
his
eating
habits.
⑤We
must
hold
___.
We
mustn’t
be
frightened
by
the
difficulties.
up
on
out
back
out
用hold短语填空
⑥In
all,
I
believe
in
my
potential
and
__________________!
?
总之,
我相信我的潜能并坚持我的梦想!
⑦We
must
have
the
whole
story;
don’t
_________________.
?
我们必须了解全部情况,
你什么也不要隐瞒。
⑧He
______________so
it
could
be
seen
more
clearly.
?
他举起地图,
这样可以看得更清楚些。
hold
on
to
my
dream
hold
anything
back
held
up
the
map
12.
But
I
was
so
enthusiastic
about
the
idea
of
going
along
with
them
that
I
secretly
went
aboard
his
ship,
the
Endurance,
and
hid
in
a
small
cupboard.
但我非常想和他们一起去,
于是我偷偷地上了他的船“坚忍号”,
藏在一个小柜子里。
【观察·悟】
He
was
so
responsible
a
teacher
that
we
were
all
deeply
moved.
=He
was
such
a
responsible
teacher
that
we
were
all
deeply
moved.
他是一位如此负责的老师,
以至于我们都被深深地感动了。
(2020·江苏高考)For
one
thing,
the
overall
development
over
the
past
decades
has
been
so
striking
that
they
feel
eager
to
familiarize
themselves
with
what
is
going
on
in
China.
首先,
过去几十年的整体发展如此引人注目,
以至于他们渴望熟悉中国正在发生的事情。
He
earned
so
little
money
that
he
couldn’t
support
his
family.
他挣这么少的钱,
以至于养不起家。
He
has
made
such
great
progress
that
the
teachers
are
pleased
with
him.
他进步很大,
老师们对他感到满意。
They
are
such
kind
people
that
they
are
always
ready
to
help
those
in
need.
他们是如此善良的人,
他们总是乐于帮助那些需要帮助的人。
【生成?得】
本句用了so.
.
.
that.
.
.
句式,
“so
.
.
.
that”引导_________从句,
意思是“如此……以
至于……”
so.
.
.
that.
.
.
引导结果状语从句,
其结构如下:
结果状语
【点拨迷津】
(1)little既有“少”的意思,
又有“小”的意思。当“少”讲时后接不可数名词,
用so修饰;
当“小”讲时后接可数名词,
用such修饰。当中心词被many/much/little/few修饰时,
用so.
.
.
that句型。
(2)在上述结构中,
当so或such位于句首时,
主句用倒装结构。
Such
an
interesting
book
does
he
have
that
we
all
want
to
read
it.
他有一本如此有趣的书,
以至于我们都想读。
【内化?用】
一句多译
这是一次激动人心的旅行,
我们永远不会忘记。
①It
was
___________________we
will
never
forget.
?
②It
was
______________________we
will
never
forget.
?
这些小说非常有趣,
我想再读一遍。
③They
are
______________novels
that
I
want
to
read
them
once
again.
?
④The
novels
are
____________that
I
want
to
read
them
once
again.
?
so
exciting
a
trip
that
such
an
exciting
trip
that
such
interesting
so
interesting
单句语法填空
⑤There’s
__much
time
that
we
can
have
a
long
holiday.
⑥The
children
spoke
French
______that
we
all
thought
they
were
from
France.
?
⑦It
was
____delicious
food
that
I’ll
never
forget
its
taste.
⑧We
had
__little
time
to
catch
the
train
that
we
had
to
eat
our
lunch
on
the
train.
⑨Keeping
a
learning
diary
every
day
is
__important
that
I
would
like
to
introduce
it
to
you.
so
so
well
such
so
so
13.
Without
Frank
and
Ernest,
we’d
all
be
dead
by
now.
没有弗兰克和欧内斯特,
我们现在已经死了。
【观察·悟】
But
for
the
meeting,
I
would
have
gone
home
at
the
time.
要不是开会,
我早就回家了。
Without
your
help,
I
couldn’t
have
won
the
first
place
in
the
English
Speaking
Competition.
要是没有你的帮助,
我不可能在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。
I
was
too
busy
at
that
time,
otherwise,
I
would
have
called
you.
我当时太忙了,
否则我就给你打电话了。
I
would
have
failed
but
you
helped
me.
我本会失败的,
但你帮了我。
【生成?得】
本句用到了隐含虚拟表达,
该句的完整表达为If
it
hadn’t
been
for
Frank
and
Ernest,
we’d
all
be
dead
by
now.
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,
而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟
条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常用来表
示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有介词或介词短语,
如:
without,
______等。
?
通过上下文及内在含义,
句中往往有but,
_________等类似转折词。
but
for
otherwise
【内化?用】
①But
for
_____________,
we
would
have
arrived
on
time.
?
要不是下雨,
我们就会按时到达了。
②_____________,
there
would
be
no
life.
?
如果没有水,
就不会有生命。
③We
didn’t
know
you
were
in
trouble
at
that
time,
_________we
would
have
given
you
a
hand.
我们当时不知道你遇到了困难,
要不然我们会帮助你的。
④They
would
have
had
a
try
_____________________.
?
如果当时不是缺乏勇气的话,
他们会尝试一下的。
the
heavy
rain
Without
water
otherwise
but
they
lacked
courage
【备选要点】
1.
endurance
n.
忍耐力;
耐久力
【观察·悟】
He
showed
remarkable
endurance
throughout
his
illness.
他在整个生病期间表现出非凡的忍耐力。
Finding
your
next
dream
job
is
an
endurance
test
and
requires
a
lot
of
energy.
重新找到一份理想工作是对耐力的一种考验,
需要很多精力。
He
can’t
endure
to
be
defeated.
他无法忍受失败。
【生成?得】
①_______endurance
无法忍受
②an
__________test
一次耐力测试
③_______
vt.
忍耐;
容忍
vi.
忍耐;
持续
【内化?用】
完成句子
①The
stressful
atmosphere
at
work
is
________________.
?
工作环境紧急的氛围让我无法忍受。
②She
spoke
with
great
seriousness
of
the
hardships
_______________.
?
她非常严肃地讲述了自己经历的苦难。
beyond
endurance
endure
beyond
endurance
she
had
endured
单句语法填空
③The
party
turned
out
to
be
more
of
an
__________(endure)
test
than
a
pleasure.
④If
patience
is
worth
anything,
it
must
_______(endurance)
to
the
end
of
time.
⑤The
long
journey
tested
their
courage
and
__________(endure)
to
the
limit.
endurance
endure
endurance
2.
envy
n.
妒忌;
羡慕
vt.
羡慕,
妒忌
envious
adj.
羡慕的,
嫉妒的
【观察·悟】
I
also
really
envy
at
the
same
time
they
can
take
part
in
in
remaining
of
study
so
abundant
with
fascinating
extracurricular
activity.
同时我也非常羡慕他们能在学习之余参加那么丰富和精彩的课外活动。
I
envy
you
for
having
the
opportunity
to
emigrate
there.
我真嫉妒你有这个机会移民到那个地方。
They
only
say
such
unkind
things
about
you
out
of
envy.
他们纯粹出于忌妒才说你的坏话。
Standing
on
the
podium,
I
saw
students
with
envy
look
at
me.
站在领奖台上,
我看到同学们用羡慕的眼光望着我。
Seeing
all
those
nice
birthday
presents
her
sister
had
received,
she
was
green
with
envy.
看到她姐姐收到的生日礼物,
她十分嫉妒。
【生成?得】
①envy
sb.
/sth.
/sb.
sth.
/that.
.
.
羡慕/妒忌某人/某物/某人某物/……
②_____envy
出于嫉妒?
③____envy
嫉妒地
④envy
sb.
___.
.
.
羡慕某人成功做了……
⑤be
green
with
_____
羡慕极了;
十分嫉妒
out
of
with
for
envy
【内化?用】
一句多译
我非常羡慕他非凡的成就。
①I
_____his
remarkable
achievement
very
much.
?
②I
was
______________at
his
remarkable
achievement.
?
介词填空
③I
stared
____envy
at
his
newly
bought
house
and
admired
him
very
much.
④Glover
thinks
that
Smith
did
him
down,
perhaps
out
__envy.
⑤I
envy
you
___making
great
progress
in
such
a
short
time.
envy
green
with
envy
with
of
for
3.
sink(sank/sunk,
sunk)
vi.
下沉,
下陷,
沉没;
下降
vt.
使下沉;
使沉没
【观察·悟】
And
when
the
ship
sank,
our
hearts
sank
with
it.
(教材典例)
当船沉没的时候,
我们的心也随之下沉。
She
went
to
the
sink
and
ran
water
into
her
empty
glass.
她走到水槽边,
把空玻璃杯灌上水。
If
the
wheels
sank
into
the
mud,
I’d
definitely
be
stuck.
如果轮子陷入淤泥,
我就完全卡住了。
【生成?得】
①sink
n.
_____,
洗涤槽,
污水坑
②sink
____
陷入
【内化?用】
完成句子
①Joanne
stood
with
her
hands
__________,
staring
out
the
window.
?
乔安妮站着,
两手放在水槽上,
眼睛定定地望着窗外。
②He
________the
depths
of
hopelessness
after
his
business
failed.
?
生意失败使他陷入了极度的绝望之中。
水池
into
on
the
sink
sank
into
单句语法填空
③When
the
boat
_____(sink),
they
had
to
swim
to
the
beach.
④The
sun
has
_____(sink)in
the
west
but
they
haven’t
shown
up.
sank
sunk
4.
selfish
adj.
自私的
【观察·悟】
Her
attitude
makes
me
mad
because
she
is
so
selfish.
她的态度真让我恼火,
她太自私了。
The
source
of
nearly
all
the
evil
and
unhappiness
of
this
world
is
selfishness.
自私是世上几乎所有罪恶与苦恼的源头。
Everyone’s
selfless
care
and
attention
makes
her
life
full
of
sunlight.
大家的无私照顾和关心使她的生活充满了阳光。
【生成?得】
①selfishness
n.
_____
②selfless
adj.
_______;
不考虑自己的
【内化?用】
单句语法填空
①I
think
I’ve
been
very
______(selfless).
I’ve
been
mainly
concerned
with
myself.
②I
will
not
be
too
impatient
at
your
_________(selfless)
and
folly.
③As
a
soldier,
he
showed
______(selfish)
devotion
to
duty.
自私
无私的
selfish
selfishness
selfless
完成句子
④Every
step
forward
taken
by
us
contains
your
_______________________.
?
我们的每一个进步都有您无私的努力和奉献。
⑤I
have
nothing
to
do
with
my
neighbour
because
he
is
____________.
?
我和我的邻居不来往,
因为他是个自私的人。
selfless
effort
and
devotion
a
selfish
man
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
Congratulations
to
you
on
your
___________(qualify)for
this
World
Cup
Football
Championships!
2.
We
explained
our
plans
and
he
was
very
___________(enthusiasm)
about
them.
3.
I’m
trying
to
finish
the
reading
___________(assign)
for
our
writing
class.
4.
The
sun
had
already
_____(sink)
below
the
horizon
when
we
arrived
there.
5.
In
spite
of
difficulties,
the
mayor
never
abandoned
_________(reform)
education
system
in
our
city.
课时素养达标
qualification
enthusiastic
assignments
sunk
reforming
6.
The
old
house
has
belonged
__
the
Gates
family
for
over
100
years.
7.
If
we
can
persevere
__
everything,
then
we
will
be
successful
and
our
dreams
will
come
true!
8.
You
will
never
be
happy
if
you
feel
_______(envy)
of
other
people.
to
in
envious
Ⅱ.
选词填空
1.
To
my
satisfaction,
he
has
achieved
what
he
______to
do
three
years
ago.
?
2.
We
should
________the
hand
of
friendship
and
cooperation
to
them.
?
3.
We
could
still
_______,
but
we
won’t
get
there
till
three.
?
4.
You
are
considerate
to
_________your
radio
when
I
am
sleeping.
?
after
all,
set
out,
go
along
with,
keep
one’s
spirits
up,
go
aboard,
hold
out,
turn
down,
make
it
set
out
hold
out
make
it
turn
down
5.
I
know
he
hasn’t
finished
the
work,
but
_______,
he’s
very
busy.
?
6.
I
was
about
to
_________a
plane
when
I
thought
about
this.
?
7.
As
everyone
else
was
going
to
the
library,
I
decided
to
____________them.
?
8.
Though
they
were
in
face
of
tough
competition,
they
still
_________________.
?
after
all
go
aboard
go
along
with
kept
their
spirits
up
Ⅲ.
汉译英
1.
这本书妙趣横生,
令人不能释卷。
_________________________________________________________________.
?
2.
如果没有他的帮助,
我是不会成功的。
_______________________________________?
3.
他决定以后要更努力工作。
__________________________________________
This
book
is
so
interesting
that
you
can’t
put
it
aside
once
you
start
reading
But
for
his
help,
I
should
not
have
succeeded.
He
resolved
on
doing
better
work
in
the
future.
?
4.
听了这个消息后,
她沉浸于悲痛之中。
________________________________________________
5.
大学毕业后,
他被分配到这里工作。
_________________________________________________________________
______
After
hearing
the
news,
she
abandoned
herself
to
grief.
?
After
his
graduation
from/graduating
from
college,
he
was
assigned
to
work
here.
?(共29张PPT)
Unit
4
Adversity
and
Courage
Period
1 Reading
and
Thinking
(Ⅰ)
语篇研读课
自主素养储备
Ⅰ.
新词相知
(一)连线相匹配的英语释义
答案:
1～6.
fcdabe
1.
adversity
2.
expedition
3.
genuine
4.
decent
5.
bitter
6.
vigour
a.
of
a
good
standard
or
quality
b.
extremely
cold
and
unpleasant
c.
an
organized
journey
with
a
particular
purpose,
especially
to
find
out
about
a
place
that
is
not
well
known
d.
sincere
and
honest;
that
can
be
trusted
e.
energy,
force
or
enthusiasm
f.
a
difficult
and
unpleasant
situation
(二)
结合语境,
从上面的表格中选择恰当的单词填空
1.
Young
people,
full
of
______and
vitality,
are
like
the
sun
at
eight
or
nine
in
the
morning.
2.
I
have
gone
through
many
difficulties,
experienced
hardship,
but
________brought
me
power
and
confidence.
3.
The
_________through
the
jungle
was
fraught
with
difficulties
and
danger.
4.
The
Chinese
friends
I
have
made
while
living
here
have
been
_______friends
to
me.
5.
Not
only
do
they
survive
the
_____cold,
but
they
also
make
perfect
parents.
6.
The
______thing
to
do
is
to
apologize
to
your
friend
for
missing
her
party.
vigour
adversity
expedition
genuine
bitter
decent
Ⅱ.
短语熟记
1.
dream
__ 梦想
2.
__
the
age
of
在……岁时
3.
apply
to
do
___________
4.
turn
down
_____
5.
be
enthusiastic
_____
热衷于……
6.
go
_________
跟随……一块儿去?
7.
go
_______
上(车、船、火车)
of
at
申请做……
拒绝
about
along
with
abroad
8.
set
off
_____
9.
throw
_____
扔掉
10.
keep
one’s
spirits
___
保持情绪高涨
11.
make
__
成功
12.
think
__
想起
13.
hold
___
坚持
14.
turn
____
变成
15.
concern
___
对……关心
16.
fill.
.
.
____.
.
.
用……充满……
17.
after
all
__________
出发
away
up
it
of
on
into
for
with
毕竟,
终究
课文浅触
1.
What
qualities
can
you
learn
from
the
author?
____________________________________?
2.
Why
did
the
author
think
of
the
happier
things?
___________________
Being
enthusiastic,
thankful
and
hopeful.
To
cheer
himself
up.
?
Step
1 Pre-reading
1.
Look
at
the
pictures.
Who
are
they?
What
qualities
do
they
have
in
face
of
the
challenges?
______________________________________?
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________?
探究素养提能
Zhong
Nanshan,
Liu
Hulan,
Yuan
Longping
Not
being
afraid
of
difficulties,
advancing
bravely,
persevering/holding
on,
being
positive
and
optimistic,
taking
a
risk
and
being
committed/devoted
2.
What
kind
of
person
do
you
want
to
be
in
the
future?
________________________________________________________________
Strong-willed,
ambitious,
brave,
selfless,
optimistic,
faithful,
hard-working
Step
2 While-reading
Ⅰ.
Answer
the
following
questions.
1.
What
does
Diary
1
talk
about?
_________________________________________________?
2.
What
does
Diary
2
talk
about?
___________________________________________________________________?
I
managed
to
go
aboard
the
Endurance
to
the
South
Pole.
Endurance
was
stuck
in
the
ice
and
sank.
We
managed
to
survive
the
accident.
3.
What
does
Diary
3
talk
about?
___________________________________________________________________
__________________
The
things
being
terrible
on
the
island
and
Shackleton
having
left
for
help,
we
were
in
low
spirits.
?
Ⅱ.
阅读A
Successful
Failure,
体会作者的心情变化。根据首字母完成作者情绪变
化。
e______
(diary
1)→e______(diary
1)→d______(diary
2)→w(diary
2&3)
→l______(diary
3)→t______(diary
3)→h(diary
3)?
_________________________________________________________
enthusiastic,
excited,
disappointed,
worried,
low,
thankful,
hopeful
Ⅲ.
Choose
the
best
answer
1.
The
author
went
aboard
the
ship
in
secret
because______
A.
he
had
been
turned
down.
B.
he
wanted
to
go
with
them.
C.
he
had
been
dreaming
of
the
expedition.
D.
he
wanted
others
to
envy
him.
2.
Why
did
Shackleton
allow
Hussey
to
keep
his
banjo?
A.
Because
he
liked
listening
to
music.
B.
Because
he
wanted
Hussey
to
encourage
others
by
playing
it.
C.
Because
banjo
was
one
of
most
essential
supplies.
D.
Because
banjo
was
worth
much.
3.
Which
is
right
according
to
the
passage?
A.
If
Shackleton
failed,
they
would
not
be
rescued.
B.
The
author
was
as
selfish
as
Thomas.
C.
The
crew
thought
there
was
a
chance
that
they
would
go
home.
D.
The
author
was
in
low
spirits
only
because
it
was
cold
and
windy.
答案:
1～3.
BBA
Ⅳ.
Sentence
Explanation
1.
But
I
was
so
enthusiastic
about
the
idea
of
going
along
with
them
that
I
secretly
went
aboard
his
ship,
the
Endurance,
and
hid
in
a
small
cupboard.
分析:
本句用了so.
.
.
that.
.
.
句式,
意思是“如此……以至于……”。
句意:
但我非常想和他们一起去,
于是___________________“坚忍号”,
藏在一个
小柜子里。
我偷偷地上了他的船
2.
Without
Frank
and
Ernest,
we’d
all
be
dead
by
now.
分析:
Without
Frank
and
Ernest是含蓄虚拟短语,
相当于if虚拟从句。
句意:
没有弗兰克和欧内斯特,
_________________。
我们现在已经死了
Step
3 Post-reading
One
morning
I
happened
to
buy
a
newspaper
and
read
the
1.
_____________
(advertise)about
the
Antarctic
expedition.
I
had
been
dreaming
of
one
with
the
great
Sir
Ernest
Shackleton.
So
I
applied
to
join
it
but
was
turned
2.
_____because
of
being
too
young
and
not
3.
________(qualify).
But
I
had
such
an
4.
___________
(enthusiasm)
idea
of
going
along
with
them
5.
____I
secretly
went
aboard
his
ship,
the
Endurance.
6.
_____________(fortunate),
I
was
discovered
but
Shackleton
accepted
and
offered
me
a
job.
?
advertisement
down
qualified
enthusiastic
that
Unfortunately
The
journey
wasn’t
easy,
Endurance
stuck
in
the
ice
and
crushed
by
the
ice.
And
when
the
ship
sank,
our
hearts
sank
with
it.
We
7.
__________(abandon)
the
ship,
with
most
essential
supplies
kept
and
most
of
our
personal
8.
__________
(belong)thrown
away.
But
shackleton
allowed
Hussey
to
keep
his
banjo
to
keep
our
spirits
up.
By
camping
on
the
ice,
we
had
been
managing
to
survive.
abandoned
belongings
【主题情境思考】
Suppose
you
choose
to
go
on
an
expedition
to
Antarctica,
what
qualities
do
you
think
you
may
need
to
survive
in
one
of
the
most
unfriendly
places
on
earth?
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________?
We
must
always
have
faith
in
ourselves
and
be
optimistic.
In
face
of
difficulties,
we
should
not
hold
back.
We
should
unite
together
to
keep
our
spirits
up.
Meet
Ben
Saunders:
adventurer,
athlete,
motivational
speaker.
Ben,
at
the
age
of
23,
was
the
youngest
man
to
ski
solo
(单人滑雪)
to
the
North
Pole.
He
dragged
a
180-kilogramme
sledge
(雪橇)
over
1,
420
miles
through
the
worst
Arctic
conditions.
This
year,
as
well
as
planning
a
return
to
the
Arctic,
Ben
plans
to
ski
solo
from
the
Antarctic
coast
to
the
South
Pole
and
back
in
the
autumn,
carrying
all
his
supplies
on
his
sledge.
课时素养达标
Ben
Saunders
was
fired
after
persuading
the
firm
to
support
his
disorganized
first
adventure.
“Everything
that
could
go
wrong
did
go
wrong.
We
were
attacked
by
a
bear.
We
started
running
out
of
food.
It
was
just
desperate.
And
we
didn’t
get
to
the
Pole;
we
didn’t
get
there,
so
we
had
no
media
interest.
No
one
heard
about
it:
no
book
deal,
and
no
speaking.
I
was
so
unhappy.
”
People
said
it
was
impossible
for
me
to
get
to
the
Pole.
I
said,
“No,
I
can
get
there,
”
and
I
did.
Self-belief,
I
see
it
as
being
a
bit
like
a
muscle
—
it’s
my
belief
that
the
more
you
stretch
yourself
the
stronger
it
gets.
If
you
never
do
anything
that’s
uncomfortable
or
risky
then
your
self-belief
gets
weaker.
So
that’s
one
of
the
lessons
I’ve
figured
out
along
the
way.
The
thing
that
I’ve
stretched
and
tested
is
my
self-belief.
“My
Antarctic
adventure
is
just
practicable
and
that’s
what
is
exciting
to
me.
If
I
knew
it
was
possible,
if
I
knew
I
could
do
it
without
too
much
bother,
I
wouldn’t
be
interested.
”
Why?
“Personally
I’m
attracted
by
the
human
performance
element
to
it.
Not
that
long
ago,
running
a
marathon
was
seen
as
the
top
point
of
human
attempt,
and
now
I
wouldn’t
be
that
surprised
if
my
mum
said
she
was
going
to
run
one
next
year.
”
People’s
horizons
(见识)
are
changing.
“I’m
not
particularly
gifted,
and
I’m
absolutely
average.
I’ve
just
chosen
this
one
goal
to
achieve
and
I’ve
been
working
hard
to
realize
it.
That’s
it.
And
that’s
the
thing
that
attracts
me:
with
enough
training
and
enough
determination,
enough
focus
and
preparation,
how
far
can
we
go?
And
I
don’t
think
I’ve
found
out
yet.
”
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了“极地探险勇士”本·桑德斯。
Ⅰ.
Scan
the
passage
and
skim
the
main
idea.
The
passage
mainly
_______________________________________________
________.
?
introduces
the
British
captain,
Ben
Saunders,
the
polar
explorer
Ⅱ.
Choose
the
best
answer
1.
What
do
we
know
about
Ben
Saunders’
first
adventure?
A.
There
was
no
press
coverage.
B.
It
was
supported
by
his
company.
C.
It
was
well
planned
and
organized.
D.
He
actually
reached
the
North
Pole.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段中的“we
didn’t
get
there,
so
we
had
no
media
interest”可知,
在本·桑德斯的第一次北极探险中,
由于他们没有到达北极,
所以没有引起媒体的关注。
2.
According
to
Ben
Saunders,
if
you
want
to
stretch
your
self-belief,
you
should
______.
?
A.
often
test
your
confidence
B.
try
something
adventurous
C.
aim
to
reach
the
North
Pole
D.
always
stretch
your
muscles
【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第三段中的“If
you
never
do
anything
that’s
uncomfortable
or
risky
then
your
self-belief
gets
weaker.
”可知,
本·桑德斯认为如果你从不做任何不舒服或有风险的事情,
那么你的自我信念就会变弱,
因此,
如果想增强自我信念,
就需要尝试一些有挑战的事情。
3.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
We
have
to
change
our
views
about
adventure.
B.
We
can
never
know
our
potential
and
energy.
C.
We
should
have
a
reason
for
going
on
an
adventure.
D.
We
have
to
be
especially
talented
to
have
an
adventure.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。由最后一段中的“with
enough
training
and.
.
.
how
far
can
we
go?
And
I
don’t
think
I’ve
found
out
yet”可知,
我们永远不会知道我们能走多远,
我们不会知道我们的潜能和力量。
