(共97张PPT)
Module
6 Old
and
New
Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
根据语境写出正确的单词
1.
____
architecture
民用建筑
2.
build
a
____
修建一座大坝
3.
the
___________
of
the
new
railway
新铁路工程
4.
a
deep
_____
一个深的峡谷
5.
one
of
the
most
famous
_________
最著名的结构之一
6.
____________
more
than
6,
000
people
容纳6
000多人
7.
under
___________
正在建造
8.
the
___
of
the
accident
事故地点
civil
dam
engineering
gorge
structures
accommodate
construction
site
9.
____
back
to
the
14th
century
追溯到14世纪
10.
base
on
_________
events
基于历史事件
11.
through
the
_______
streets
通过狭窄的街道
12.
write
a
_____
写一首诗
13.
a
______
problem
一个全球问题
14.
_______
from
Shanghai
to
Beijing
从上海迁移到北京
date
historical
narrow
poem
global
remove
Ⅱ.
根据提示填写适当的短语
1.
The
origin
of
gunpowder
in
China
__________(起源于)
the
9th
century
AD.
?
2.
The
villagers
built
banks
of
earth
to
_________(阻挡)
the
rising
flood
water.
?
3.
I’m
sure
your
wish
will
_________(实现).
?
4.
He
__________(梦想)becoming
a
movie
star
when
he
was
young.
?
5.
Let
us
work
hard
and
study
well
and
______________(过着幸福的生活).
?
dates
from
hold
back
come
true
dreamed
of
live
a
happy
life
6.
The
self-driving
car
has
been
driven
nearly
2
million
kilometers
_______(等于,
相当于)
the
distance
the
average
person
drives
in
90
years.
?
7.
This
city
has
a
population
of
_________(超过)
1,
000,
000.
?
8.
What
he
said
is
considered
_________________(非常重要).
?
9.
The
MCU
is
the
most
successful
film
franchise
(电影系列)
_________(有史以
来),
making
more
than
$18.
2
billion
to
date.
?
10.
I
couldn’t
_______(想起)
the
name
of
that
man
anyhow.
?
equal
to
more
than
of
great
importance
of
all
time
think
of
Ⅲ.
翻译下列课文原句并观察黑体部分
1.
It
took
six
years
to
build
and
cost
US
$20
billion.
____________________________________?
2.
The
dam
is
nearly
200
metres
high
and
1.
5
kilometres
wide.
____________________________
它花费了6年时间建成,
耗资200亿美元。
大坝将近200米高,
1
500米宽。?
3.
The
Three
Gorges
area
is
one
of
the
most
beautiful
areas
of
China
and
the
project
has
flooded
some
of
China’s
most
famous
historical
sites,
including
the
Qu
Yuan
Temple,
the
Han
Watchtower
and
the
Moya
Cliff
carvings.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________
4.
Some
of
them
are
being
removed
and
some
are
being
put
into
museums.
________________________________________
三峡是中国风光最美丽的地区之一。由于大坝工程,
一些著名的历史遗迹被水
淹没,
包括屈原祠、汉望塔和摩崖石刻。
它们中的有些被搬迁,
有些正被搬进博物馆。
【词汇串记】
根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格。
1.
-tion后缀附在动词后面,
构成名词。当单词最后是t和te时,
变名词加-ion或者去掉e再加-ion。表示该动作的概念或名称。
accommodate
?
accommodation住宿,
膳宿
construct
?___________建筑
celebrate
?__________庆祝会,
庆典
situate
?________位置,
形势
instruct
?__________指示,
说明
construction
celebration
situation
instruction
2.
“动词+介词”构成动词短语,
在句中作谓语。
date
from起源于
come
______
偶遇
look
_______浏览
deal
____
处理
concentrate
___
集中精力于
across
through
with
on
阅读精析·合作学习
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)Why
is
the
Three
Gorges
Dam
constructed?
A.
To
harness
the
Yangtze
River.
B.
To
control
flooding
and
provide
power
for
the
central
region
of
China.
C.
To
reduce
the
air
pollution
caused
by
burning
coal.
D.
To
realize
Mao
Zedong’s
dream.
(2)Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
about
the
Three
Gorges
Dam?
A.
It
is
walls
of
stone
to
hold
back
clouds.
B.
It
is
the
third
largest
dam
in
the
world.
C.
It
is
nearly
200
metres
high
and
15
kilometres
wide.
D.
It
has
cost
more
than
any
other
construction
project
in
history.
(3)What
is
the
benefit
after
the
construction?
A.
Many
cities,
towns
and
villages
have
been
flooded.
B.
More
than
one
billion
people
in
the
region
have
moved
from
their
homes.
C.
The
Three
Gorges
area
has
become
one
of
the
most
beautiful
areas
of
China.
D.
Many
famous
historical
sites
have
been
flooded.
(4)What
does
the
writer
think
of
the
construction
of
the
Three
Gorges
Dam
according
to
the
passage?
A.
There
will
be
more
advantages.
B.
It
will
bring
some
problems.
C.
The
disadvantages
are
much
more
than
advantages.
D.
Not
mentioned
at
all.
(5)According
to
the
last
paragraph,
we
can
infer
that_____.
?
A.
some
measures
have
been
taken
to
protect
some
historical
sites
B.
the
Three
Gorges
Dam
flooded
all
the
historical
sites
in
the
area
C.
the
relics
that
are
submerged
are
not
famous
D.
the
Three
Gorges
Dam
is
less
important
than
the
historical
relics
答案:
(1)～(5)BDCAA
(6)Why
is
Mao
Zedong’s
poem
quoted
in
Paragraph
1?
_________________________________
To
introduce
the
topic
of
the
passage.
?
2.
根据文章内容完成空格。
The
Three
Gorges
Dam
The
great
people
related
to
it
(1)
___________dreamed
of
it
by
writing
a
poem
and
(2)
___________was
the
first
to
suggest
it.
Its
size
and
function
It
is
the
biggest
(3)___________
project
in
China
since
the
building
of
the
Great
Wall
and
the
Grand
Canal,
which
is
nearly
200
metres
(4)____
and
1.
5
kilometres
(5)_____
and
is
the
largest
hydro-electric
power
station
and
dam
in
the
(6)______.
It
controls
(7)________
and
provides
hydro-electric
power
for
the
central
region
of
China.
Mao
Zedong
Sun
Yat-sen
construction
high
wide
world
flooding
The
Three
Gorges
Dam
Its
advantages
and
disadvantages
It
generates
electricity
equal
to
about
40
(8)_______
tons
of
coal
without
causing
so
much
air
(9)________,
but
it
flooded
some
cities,
villages
and
famous
(10)_________
sites.
million
pollution
historical
3.
运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。
(1)
译文:
三峡大坝已经被建成___________,
_____________________,
它是中国自
建造长城和大运河以来最大的建筑工程。
来控制洪水
并为华中地区提供电力
(2)
译文:
不幸的是,
燃煤______________________________。
造成严重空气污染,
加剧全球变暖
Task
3 阅读思维升华:
主题实践?
1.
结合课文主题,
回答下列问题。
What
are
the
advantages
and
disadvantages
of
the
Three
Gorges
Dam?
Do
you
think
the
advantages
are
more
important
than
the
disadvantages?
Advantages:
cleaner
and
cheaper
energy;
?
Disadvantages:
Flooded
towns
and
villages,
people
moved
from
their
homes,
lost
historical
sites.
?
I
think,
the
dam
did
cause
some
loss
for
the
moment,
but
in
the
long
run,
the
benefits
we
can
get
from
it
are
greater.
?
2.
结合课文主题使用本模块词汇与句型,
根据提示写一篇50词左右的短文。
(1)他梦想(dream
of)有朝一日成为著名作家。
(2)贫困的家庭没有阻碍(hold
back)他。
(3)他的第一本书针对的读者面比较窄(narrow),
主要是教师和大学生。
(4)目前,
他正在写历史(historical)剧和诗歌(poem)。
(5)只要有勇气去追求(pursue),
他的梦想皆可成真(come
true)。
He
dreams
of
becoming
a
famous
writer
one
day,
and
his
poor
family
didn’t
hold
him
back.
His
first
book
appealed
to
a
narrower
audience,
mainly
teachers
and
college
students.
At
present,
he
is
writing
historical
plays
and
poems.
His
dream
can
come
true
if
he
has
the
courage
to
pursue
it.
?
要点精研·探究学习
1.
date
vi.
始于(某一历史时期)
Most
of
the
Great
Wall
dates
from
the
Ming
Dynasty
(1368-1644).
长城的大部分始建于明朝(1368-1644)。
The
ancient
temple
dates
back
to/from
the
14th
century.
这座古老的寺庙始建于14世纪。
Has
the
date
of
the
meeting
been
fixed?
开会的日期决定了吗?
She
often
wears
clothes
that
are
up
to
date,
so
she
throws
those
that
are
out
of
date
away.
她经常穿最新式的衣服,
所以她把那些过时的衣服通通扔掉。
【导图理词】
【名师点津】
date
from/back
to在句中作谓语时常用一般现在时态,
没有进行时和被动语态;
用作定语和状语时,
要用现在分词。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①The
lake,
which
_____
(date)
from
about
3.
4
billion
years,
covers
as
much
as
80
square
miles
and
is
up
to
1,
500
feet
deep.
②The
temple
has
a
long
history
______
(date)
back
to
the
early
period
of
the
Tang
Dynasty.
(2)This
tradition
_____________________(始于)
the
15th
century.
?
(3)The
dress
is
__________(过时的),
so
I
will
feel
embarrassed
if
I
wear
it
to
the
dinner
party.
?
dates
dating
dates
back
to/dates
from
out
of
date
2.
hold
back阻挡,
抑制,
控制(情绪、情感等),
隐瞒
Mao
Zedong
wrote
a
poem
in
which
he
dreamed
of
“walls
of
stone
to
hold
back
clouds
and
rain
till
a
smooth
lake
rises
in
the
narrow
gorges”.
毛泽东曾写过一首词,
在这首词里,
他想象了“更立西江石壁,
截断巫山云雨,
高峡出平湖”
的壮丽景观。
She
managed
to
hold
back
her
anger.
她压住了自己的怒火。
Do
not
hold
back
the
truth.
不要隐瞒事实。
He
held
up
the
map
so
it
could
be
seen
more
clearly.
他举起地图,
这样可以看得更清楚些。
【导图理词】
【即学活用】
(1)写出下列句中hold
back的含义
①I
had
to
hold
back
tears
as
he
left.
(
)
②I
think
he’s
holding
something
back;
he
knows
more
than
he
admits.
(
)
③I
had
a
strong
desire
to
reach
in
and
play
with
the
toy,
but
was
held
back
thankfully
by
the
shop
window.
(
)
抑制,
控制
隐瞒
阻止;
阻挡
(2)语法填空
④Hold
on
__
your
dream
and
you
will
succeed.
⑤His
car
was
held
___
in
the
traffic
jam,
so
he
was
late
for
the
party.
to
up
【补偿训练】语法填空
(1)Just
as
crying
can
be
healthy,
not
crying—holding
_____
tears
of
pain
or
suffering—can
be
bad
for
physical
health.
(2)—Is
Peter
there?
—Hold
___,
please.
I’ll
see
if
I
can
find
him
for
you.
?
back
on
3.
come
true(预言、梦想等)变成现实;
实现
Now
his
dream
has
come
true.
如今,
他的理想变成了现实。
The
teacher’s
words
came
true
at
last.
老师的话最终变成了现实。
Can
you
tell
me
how
the
accident
came
about?
你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗?
The
sun
came
out
from
behind
the
clouds
late
in
the
afternoon.
傍晚时分,
太阳从云层后面露了出来。
【导图理词】
【名师点津】
come
true与realize
come
true
其中come为系动词,
意为“变成”,
没有被动语态,
主语通常是“希望、理想、梦想”等词
realize
作“实现”讲,
是及物动词,
可用于被动语态。sth.
come
true
=
sth.
be
realized,
表示某事被实现了
【链高考·明考向】
(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)She
is
trying
to
come
up
with
a
lable
to
attach
to
nutria
fashions
to
show
it
is
eco-friendly.
她试图想出一个标签贴在海狸鼠时装上,
以表明它是环保的。
【即学活用】
(1)The
teacher’s
word
_______________.
?
老师的话最终变成了现实。
(2)The
girl
____________a
new
idea
for
increasing
sales.
?
这位女孩想出了增加销量的新点子。
(3)
_______________making
friends,
you
cannot
be
too
careful.
?
说到交朋友,
你再小心也不为过。
(4)I
believe
one
day
my
dream
will
_________.
?
我相信有一天我的梦想会成为现实。
came
true
at
last
came
up
with
When
it
comes
to
come
true
4.
remove
vt.
迁移;
搬迁;
去除;
开除;
脱去
Some
of
them
are
being
removed
and
some
are
being
put
into
museums.
其中有些被搬迁,
有些正被搬进博物馆。
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Remove
the
skin
and
place
them
in
plastic
bags
or
containers
and
freeze.
去皮并把它们放在塑料袋或容器里,
冷冻起来。
The
boy
is
removed
from
school.
这个男孩被学校开除了。
Within
two
years,
we
will
remove
almost
all
expressway
toll
booths
at
provincial
borders.
两年内,
我们将基本取消高速公路省界收费站。
【词块积累】
remove.
.
.
from.
.
.
把……从……移开
remove
from.
.
.
to.
.
.
从……搬迁到……
【巧学助记】对比记忆move/remove
【小词汇·大文化】
The
heaven
is
but
one
remove
from
the
hell,
love
stands
between
them.
天堂与地狱的一线之隔,
那就是爱。
【即学活用】
(1)根据语境,
写出remove在下列各句中的含义
①She
removed
her
glasses
and
rubbed
her
eyes.
(
)
②The
company
has
removed
from
London
to
Oxford.
(
)
③Three
children
were
removed
from
the
school
for
their
bad
behavior.
(
)
④Come
and
remove
your
wet
coat.
(
)
脱掉,
摘下
搬迁
开除
脱掉
(2)Before
the
examination,
the
school
organized
some
relaxing
activities
__________________________________________.
?
在考试前,
学校组织了一些放松的活动来消除学生的恐惧和焦虑。
to
remove
fears
and
anxiety
from
students’
mind
5.
Sun
Yat-sen,
who
was
the
leader
of
the
1911
Revolution,
first
suggested
the
idea
of
a
dam
across
the
Yangtze
River
in
1919.
1911年(辛亥)革命的领导人孙中山于1919年首先提出了在长江上建造大坝的设想。
【句式解构】
(1)who
was
the
leader
of
the
1911
Revolution是非限制性定语从句,
修饰Sun
Yat-sen。关系代词who在定语从句中作主语。
(2)suggest表示“建议”,
后面可以接名词、代词、动词-ing形式。接从句时,
从句中谓语用(should+)动词原形。
(2019·天津高考)Haze
Mabry,
who
has
worked
as
a
school
keeper
for
thirteen
years,
walks
into
the
school
building
every
day.
Haze
Mabry,
在学校当了13年管理员,
每天步行去学校。
I
suggested
a
tour
of
the
museum
while
she
suggested
going
to
the
zoo.
我提议去参观博物馆而她建议去动物园。
I
suggest
you
(should)ask
him
some
specific
questions
about
his
past.
我建议你问他一些有关他的过去的具体问题。
【名师点津】
suggest作“建议”讲时,
宾语从句中应用“should+动词原形(虚拟语气)”“should可以省略”。当suggest作“表明、暗示”讲时,
宾语从句中谓语动词要用陈述语气,
即根据具体情况使用相应时态。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①My
cousin,
____
is
a
painter,
is
in
Paris
at
present.
②I
suggested
_______
(put)
off
the
sports
meeting.
(2)Are
you
suggesting
that
I
________________________?
?
你建议我多锻炼吗?
who
putting
(should)
take
more
exercise
6.
Three
quarters
of
China’s
energy
is
produced
by
burning
coal.
?
中国四分之三的能量是通过燃煤获得的。
【句式解构】
(1)句子的主语是Three
quarters
of
China’s
energy,
energy是不可数名词,
所以谓语动词用单数。
(2)by
burning
coal在句中作方式状语。by+doing表示“通过……,
依靠……”。
Two
thirds
of
the
trees
have
been
watered
and
three
quarters
of
grass
has
been
planted.
三分之二的树木已被灌溉,
四分之三的草已被种植。
Trees
protect
themselves
by
producing
chemicals.
树通过产生化学物质的方式保护它们自己。
【名师点津】
当分数或百分数修饰名词作主语时,
要根据它们指代的名词判断谓语的单复数形式。若指代单数名词、不可数名词,
谓语用单数,
反之,
若指代复数名词则用复数。
China’s
population
is
by
far
the
largest
of
any
country.
中国是全世界人口最多的国家。
One
third
of
the
population
here
are
farmers.
这里三分之一的人口是农民。
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)Twenty
percent
of
the
graduates
_____(have)
earned
their
money
by
______
(set)
up
online
stores.
(2)Three
fourths
of
the
surface
of
the
earth
__
(be)covered
by
sea.
(3)这所学校三分之二以上的学生做过志愿者。
_____________________the
students
in
this
school
have
volunteered.
?
have
is
More
than
two
thirds
of
setting
【要点拾遗】
1.
accommodate
v.
容纳(乘客等)
The
hotel
can
accommodate
up
to
500
guests.
这家酒店可供500名客人住宿。
He
will
accommodate
me
with
the
use
of
his
house
while
he
is
abroad.
他在国外期间将把他的住宅供我使用。
Wherever
he
goes,
he
readily
accommodates
(himself)
to
the
changed
conditions.
无论到哪里,
他都能很快地适应变化的环境。
【词块积累】
(1)accommodate
sb.
with
sth.
帮忙;
给……提供方便
accommodate
(oneself)
to
使自己适应……
(2)accommodation
n.
膳食供应;
住宿
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①He
will
accommodate
me
____
the
use
of
his
house
while
he
is
abroad.
②Only
if
we
find
and
accomodate
ourselves
__
the
new
mode
will
life
be
better.
③We
were
given
to
understand
that
the
______________
(accommodate)was
free.
with
to
accommodation
(2)这套公寓能容纳一个五口之家。
译:
_____________________________________?
This
flat
can
accommodate
a
family
of
five.
2.
narrow
adj.
狭窄的;
勉强的 v.
(使)变窄;
缩小
The
bridge
is
too
narrow
for
the
cars
to
pass.
这座桥太窄了,
汽车无法通过。
He
had
a
narrow
escape
when
his
car
skidded
on
the
ice.
车在冰上打滑,
他勉强逃生。
We
should
narrow
down
the
differences
between
town
and
countryside.
我们应该缩小城乡差距。
【词块积累】
in
a
narrow
sense
在狭义上
have
a
narrow
escape
死里逃生
a
narrow
majority
勉强的多数
narrow-minded
心胸狭隘的
narrowly
adv.
严格地,
勉强地
【链高考·明考向】
(2019·天津高考)Most
of
us,
in
fact,
progressively
narrow
the
variety
of
our
lives.
事实上,
我们中的大多数人逐渐缩小了我们生活的多样性。
【即学活用】
语法填空
(1)Parents
and
children
should
communicate
more
_________(narrow)
the
gap
between
them
so
that
they
can
understand
each
other
better.
?
(2)The
final
score
of
the
basketball
match
was
93-94.
We
were
only
________
(narrow)
beaten.
(3)Last
year
I
had
__
narrow
escape
from
a
car
crash,
and
I
don’t
want
to
risk
my
life
a
second
time.
to
narrow
narrowly
a
3.
construction
n.
建造,
建设,
建筑
The
local
government
raised
a
large
sum
of
money
for
highway
construction.
当地政府为公路修建筹措了一大笔资金。
Their
city
has
been
under
construction
since
last
year.
他们的城市去年以来已在建设之中。
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Later,
engineers
managed
to
construct
railways
in
a
system
of
deep
tunnels,
which
became
known
as
the
Tube.
后来,
工程师们设法在深隧道系统中建造铁路,
成了众所周知的地铁。
【词块积累】
(1)under
construction
在建造中
(2)construct
v.
建设;
建造;
建筑
【知识延伸】
under+n.
的介词短语还有:
under
attack遭受攻击
under
consideration
在考虑中;
在研究中
under
control
在控制中
under
discussion
在讨论中;
在审议中
under
repair
在修理中
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①The
tower
is
a
fantastic
modern
___________
(construct).
②The
new
airport
is
still
______construction.
(2)句型转换
The
new
railway
is
being
constructed.
→The
new
railway
is
_________________.
?
construction
under
under
construction
4.
It
took
six
years
to
build
and
cost
US
$20
billion.
?
它花费了6年的时间建成,
耗资200亿美元。
【句式解构】
It
takes
(sb.
)
some
time
to
do
sth.
做某事花费(某人)多少时间。It为形式主语,
后面的不定式短语to
do
sth.
是真正的主语。此外,
take
还可表示“需要”
之意,
it
takes/took
sth.
to
do
sth.
做某事需要……。
It
took
me
quite
a
long
time
to
understand
the
meaning
of
the
painting.
我花了相当长的时间才理解那幅画的意义。
It
takes
hard
work
to
make
dreams
into
reality.
实现梦想需要付出艰苦的努力。
【名师点津】
英语中表示“花费”的词还有spend,
cost和pay,
其用法如下:
(1)sb.
spend
sth.
on/(in)
doing
sth.
“某人花费(时间、金钱)做某事”
(2)sth.
cost
sb.
some
money“某物花了某人多少钱”
(3)sb.
pay
some
money
for
sth.
“某人为某物付多少钱”
I
spent
50
yuan
on
the
book.
→I
spent
50
yuan
in
buying
the
book.
我花50元买了这本书。
The
course
cost
me
$500.
这门课程花了我500美元。
They
pay
$200
a
week
for
this
apartment.
这套房子他们每周要付租金200美元。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①It
took
me
over
21
years
_____(get)
my
college
degree!
?
②Believe
it
or
not,
it
takes
great
courage
_____(tell)
the
truth.
?
③She
says
that
she’ll
never
forget
the
time
which
she
has
spent
________
(work)
as
a
secretary
in
our
company.
to
get
to
tell
working
(2)一句多译
我们修理自行车花了半个小时。
______________________________________(take)?
____________________________________(take)?
_________________________________________(spend)?
It
took
us
half
an
hour
to
repair
the
bicycle.
To
repair
the
bicycle
took
us
half
an
hour.
We
spent
half
an
hour(in)
repairing
the
bicycle.
5.
It
is
the
largest
hydro-electric
power
station
and
dam
in
the
world
and
has
cost
more
than
any
other
construction
project
in
history.
?
它(三峡大坝)是世界上最大的水力发电站和大坝,
其建造费用超过了历史上任何一个建筑工程的费用。
【句式解构】
more
than
any
other
construction使用了“比较级结构表达最高级含义“的用法。
He
did
the
job
better
than
any
other
person
in
the
group.
=He
did
the
job
best
in
the
group.
他做这工作是小组里做得最好的。
【名师点津】
借助于比较级来表示最高级的常见结构:
【即学活用】
(1)He
donated
more
money
than
______________/
______________.
?
他捐的钱比其他演员都多。
(2)The
cost
of
renting
a
house
in
central
Xi’an
is
higher
than
_______________
____
in
this
city.
?
西安中心地段的房租比市内任何一个地区的房租都高。
any
other
actor
the
other
actors
that
of
any
other
area
【拓视野·观天下】
1.
Floods
and
landslides
caused
by
torrential
rain
have
killed
almost
200
people
and
displaced
more
than
100,
000
in
western
Kenya
during
April,
2020.
The
government
has
established
25
temporary
camps
across
the
country
to
accommodate
the
displaced
persons.
2020年4月,
暴雨引发的洪水和山体滑坡已造成肯尼亚西部近200人死亡,
超过10万人流离失所。政府在全国各地建立了25个临时营地来安置流离失所者。
2.
The
concept
of
One
Health
considers
the
health
of
humans,
animals
and
the
environment
as
a
whole,
stressing
multi-disciplinary
and
global
cooperation.
“全健康”的概念考虑到人、动物和环境的健康作为一个整体,
强调多学科和全球合作。
3.
Licenses
will
be
needed
for
US
companies
to
sell
certain
items
to
companies
in
China
that
have
ties
to
the
military.
They
will
also
remove
a
civilian
exception
that
allows
certain
US
technology
to
be
exported
without
a
license.
美国公司在向与军方有关联的中国公司出售某些产品时需要获得许可证。他们还将取消一项许可例外,
即允许某些美国技术在没有许可证的情况下出口。
4.
Vanessa
Bryant
is
suing
the
Los
Angeles
County
sheriff’s
department
over
unauthorized
photographs
of
the
scene
at
the
helicopter
crash
that
killed
her
husband,
NBA
legend
Kobe
Bryant,
and
their
13-year-old
daughter
Gianna.
瓦妮莎·布莱恩特起诉了洛杉矶县治安部门,
原因是他们未经授权拍摄了她丈夫NBA传奇球星科比·布莱恩特和他们13岁的女儿吉安娜在坠机现场的照片。
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ.
根据语境及汉语提示写出单词
1.
What
are
the
effects
of
______(全球的)
warming
on
our
climate?
2.
Our
office
has
been
________(搬迁)
from
New
York
to
Washington.
3.
It
is
a
large
hall,
which
_____________(容纳)
a
lot
of
people.
4.
A
monument
marks
the
___(遗址)
of
the
battle.
5.
Mr
White
gave
all
the
_________(有关历史的)
papers
of
his
grandfather
to
the
public
library
according
to
his
grandfather’s
will.
global
removed
accommodates
site
historical
6.
The
________(结构)
of
the
brain
is
very
complex.
7.
There
was
only
a
_______(狭窄的)
gap
between
the
bed
and
the
wall.
structure
narrow
Ⅱ.
选词填空
date
from;
hold
back;
come
true;
live
a
happy
life;
be
equal
to;
dream
of
1.
The
temple
which
you
visited
last
year
__________the
Tang
Dynasty.
It
has
a
long
history.
?
2.
New
Zealand
is
a
little
larger
than
Guangdong
Province,
but
the
population
of
Guangdong
_________about
20
times
of
that
of
New
Zealand.
?
dates
from
is
equal
to
3.
Many
students
say
now
they
don’t
______________at
home
because
they
are
always
forced
to
do
much
homework.
?
4.
He
_________going
to
Beijing
University
for
further
study.
?
5.
Her
dream
of
getting
a
shot
on
CCTV
is
___________next
week
because
of
her
wonderful
dancing.
?
6.
I
find
it
difficult
to
_________my
anger
when
he
starts
arguing
in
favour
of
apartheid.
?
live
a
happy
life
dreams
of
coming
true
hold
back
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
The
old
tower
______________________________________attracted
many
tourists
from
home
and
abroad.
?
这座可追溯到18世纪的古塔吸引了中外游客。
2.
The
Yangtze
River
is
longer
_________________________________________
_______________________________in
China.
?
长江是中国最长的河流。
dating
from/dating
back
to
the
18th
century
than
any
other
river/any
of
the
other
rivers/(all)
the
other
rivers/the
rest
of
the
rivers
3.
China
is
_____________________
in
the
world
by
land.
?
按照国土面积,
中国是世界上第三大国家。
4.
________________________such
a
humorous
person.
?
和如此幽默的人聊天是非常有趣的。
5.
Doing
morning
exercises
will
___________________________your
health.
?
做早操对你的健康有益。
the
third
largest
country
It
is
interesting
to
chat
with
be
of
benefit
to/be
beneficial
to
Ⅳ.
短文改错
Mao
Zedong
wrote
a
poem
in
that
he
dreamed
of
“walls
of
stone
to
hold
back
clouds
and
rain
till
a
smooth
lake
rises
in
the
narrow
gorges”.
Now
his
dream
has
been
come
true.
The
power
of
the
Yangtze
River,
which
is
the
world’s
third
longest
river,
have
been
harnessed
by
the
Three
Gorges
Dam.
The
Three
Gorges
Dam
has
been
built
to
control
flooding
and
provide
hydro-electric
power
to
the
central
region
of
China.
The
dam
is
nearly
200
metres
height
and
1.
5
kilometres
wide.
It
is
the
largest
hydro-electric
power
station
and
dam
in
the
world
and
has
cost
more
any
other
construction
project
in
history.
Sun
Yat-sen,
who
was
the
leader
of
the
1911
Revolution,
first
suggest
the
idea
of
a
dam
across
the
Yangtze
River
in
1919.
Three
quarters
of
China’s
energy
are
produced
by
burning
coal.
In
1993,
China
used
1.
2
billion
tons
of
coal
for
heating
and
generate
electricity.
Unfortunately,
burn
coal
causes
serious
air
pollution
and
increases
global
warming.
答案:
1.
【解析】第一句that→which。介词后面不可用关系代词that,
用which。
2.
【解析】第二句去掉been。come
true是不及物动词短语,
不可用于被动语态。
3.
【解析】第三句have→has。主语是power,
是第三人称单数。
4.
【解析】第四句第二个to→for。provide
sth.
for
someplace.
固定结构。
5.
【解析】第五句height→high。形容词作表语。
6.
【解析】第六句在more后加than。表示比较。
7.
【解析】第七句suggest→suggested。根据时间状语in
1919,
应用一般过去时。
8.
【解析】第八句are→is。分数后面是不可数名词作主语,
谓语动词用单数。
9.
【解析】第九句generate→generating。
and连接两个动词-ing形式,
作介词for的宾语。
10.
【解析】第十句burn→burning。作句子主语用动词-ing形式。
【补偿训练】
根据提示词翻译句子
1.
他们发现了一栋可追溯到公元前45年的建筑。(date)
___________________________________________________
2.
我们必须使自己适应高中生活。(accommodate)
____________________________________________________?
3.
我们学英语时可能会犯错。(possible)
_____________________________________________________
They
found
a
building
dating
from
/
dating
back
to
45
BC.
?
We
must
accommodate
(ourselves)
to
the
life
in
Senior
High.
It’s
possible
for
us
to
make
mistakes
when
learning
English.
?
4.
现在大城市里的人都过着忙碌的生活。(live
a.
.
.
life)
________________________________________
5.
我每天花两个小时做作业。(take)
_______________________________________________
Now
people
in
big
cities
are
living
a
busy
life.
?
It
takes
me
two
hours
to
do
my
homework
every
day.
?(共55张PPT)
Module
6 Old
and
New
Integrating
Skills
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
用本单元单词完成语境
1.
_______
weather
极冷的天气
2.
a
_________
idea
一个荒唐的主意
3.
_________
animals
巨大的动物
4.
on
a
_____
morning
在一个有雾的早晨
5.
_____
to
pieces
坠毁成碎片
freezing
ridiculous
enormous
foggy
crash
Ⅱ.
根据语境从方框中选出适当的短语填空
used
to,
go
up,
make
sense,
a
large
amount
of,
bring
an
end
to,
be
pleased
with,
crash
into,
in
fact
1.
______,
light
is
a
form
of
energy.
?
2.
We’ve
got
________________
help
from
people.
?
3.
It
___________
to
work
on
the
problem
before
it
gets
out
of
control.
?
In
fact
a
large
amount
of
makes
sense
4.
As
the
price
of
houses
_______,
many
people
can’t
afford
to
buy
a
house.
?
5.
He
_______
live
in
a
remote
village,
but
he
got
used
to
the
life
in
the
city
quickly.
?
6.
He
_____________the
way
in
which
you
organized
the
party.
?
7.
It’s
hoped
that
the
talks
may
______________the
violence.
?
8.
Along
the
way,
his
pursuers
would
_________each
other
in
their
attempts
to
stop
him.
?
goes
up
used
to
is
pleased
with
bring
an
end
to
crash
into
Ⅲ.
翻译课文原句,
并感受黑体部分
1.
The
tallest
building
that
I
have
seen
is
the
Empire
State
Building
in
New
York.
_______________________________________
2.
The
river,
which
is
the
third
longest
in
the
world,
is
an
absolutely
beautiful
place
to
visit.
____________________________________________________________
3.
Why
do
you
think
there
are
so
many
tall
buildings
in
the
world
now?
____________________________________________
我所见过的最高的建筑是纽约的帝国大厦。
这条河是世界上第三长的河流,
绝对是一个美丽的值得参观的地方。
你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑呢?
要点精研·探究学习
1.
make
sense有意义;
有道理;
讲得通
He
doesn’t
talk
much,
but
what
he
says
makes
sense.
他话不多,
但言之有理。
Planning
so
far
ahead
makes
no
sense—so
many
things
will
have
changed
next
year.
提前这么久做计划没有意义,
许多事情到明年就改变了。
We
didn’t
make
sense
of
the
sentence
until
the
teacher
explained
it
again.
直到老师又解释了一遍这个句子,
我们才理解。
【导图理词】
【名师点津】
make
sense与make
sense
of
make
sense
意为“有意义;
有道理;
讲得通”,
以物作主语,
不可用于被动语态;
make
sense
of意为“弄懂,
理解”,
以人作主语,
可用于被动语态。
【即学活用】
语法填空
(1)See,
your
computer
has
broken
down
again!
It
doesn’t
make
sense
______
(buy)
the
cheapest
brand
of
computer
just
to
save
a
few
dollars.
?
(2)His
words
puzzled
me
so
much
that
I
had
a
time
trying
to
make
sense
__
what
he
really
meant.
to
buy
of
(3)In
__
sense,
she
was
lucky,
for
she
learned
a
lot
from
the
experience.
(4)There
is
no
sense
__
getting
upset
about
it
now.
Look
forward
and
everything
will
be
all
right.
a
in
2.
bring
an
end
to
(=bring.
.
.
to
an
end)结束;
终止
It
is
hoped
that
the
government’s
measures
will
bring
an
end
to
the
strike.
希望政府采取的措施可以结束罢工。
I
wonder
how
I
can
bring
their
dispute
to
an
end.
我想知道我怎样才能让他们停止争论。
The
meeting
didn’t
come
to
an
end
until
midnight.
会议直到午夜才结束。
【导图理词】
【名师点津】“结束”有不同
bring/put
an
end
to是及物动词短语,
可以用于被动语态;
come
to
an
end是不及物动词短语,
主语是物,
且不能用于被动语态。
【链高考·明考向】
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
Somewhere
along
the
way,
the
same
parent
ends
up
becoming
an
invaluable
member
of
the
team.
在这个过程中,
同一个家长最终成为了团队中有重大价值的一员。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①When
each
term
comes
to
___
end,
many
students
can’t
wait
to
spend
the
vacation
with
their
parents.
②I
have
listened
to
the
English
song
from
beginning
__
end.
③__
the
end,
the
headmaster
rose,
indicating
that
the
conversation
was
over.
an
to
In
(2)一句多译
我们必须结束这场无休止的争吵。
We
must
_________________the
endless
argument.
?
=Our
endless
argument
must
be
___________________.
?
=We
must
_________
the
endless
argument
________.
?
bring/put
an
end
to
brought/put
to
an
end
to
an
end
bring/put
3.
The
valley
is
now
part
of
the
reservoir
created
by
the
Three
Gorges
Dam.
The
people
living
in
the
village
have
moved
to
other
places.
?
这个山谷现在已成为三峡大坝所形成的水库的一部分。住在这个村子里的人们已经迁到了其他地方。
【句式解构】
(2017·北京高考)Jim
has
retired,
but
he
still
remember
the
happy
time
spent
with
his
students.
吉姆已经退休了,
但他还记得和学生们一起度过的快乐时光。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)If
you
are
a
teenager
living
in
certain
parts
of
the
province,
you
could
be
eligible
for
this
program.
如果你是居住在本省某些地区的青少年,
你将有资格参加这个项目。
【名师点津】
(1)过去分词作定语与被修饰词之间是被动关系,
或表示动作已完成。
(2)动词-ing形式作定语和被修饰词之间是主动关系,
或表示动作正在进行。
【即学活用】
语法填空
(1)The
first
textbook
_______
(write)
for
teaching
English
as
a
foreign
language
came
out
in
the
16th
century.
(2)To
return
to
the
problem
of
water
pollution,
I’d
like
you
to
look
at
a
study
_________(conduct)
in
Australia
in
2012.
(3)Here
is
a
map
________
(show)
you
how
to
get
to
the
railway
station.
(4)The
taxi
______(take)
us
to
the
airport
broke
down
on
the
way.
written
conducted
showing
taking
【要点拾遗】
1.
freezing
adj.
冷冰冰的;
极冷的
It
is
freezing
in
this
room;
put
the
fire
on!
这间屋子里冷冰冰的,
生上火吧!
It
was
freezing
cold
last
night.
昨天夜里极为寒冷。
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Frozen
bananas
will
last
several
weeks,
depending
on
their
ripeness
and
the
temperature
of
the
freezer.
冷冻香蕉能存放几个星期,
取决于它们的成熟程度和冰箱的温度。
【导图理词】
【小词汇·大文化】
Real
friendship
does
not
freeze
in
winter.
真正的友谊遇到寒冬也不会冻结。
【即学活用】
用freeze的适当形式填空
(1)You
can’t
be
careful
enough
to
drive
on
the
______
road
in
_______
weather.
(2)When
water
______,
the
temperature
falls
below
the
_______
point.
Some
animals
outside
are
likely
to
be
______
to
death.
(3)On
a
_______
cold
morning,
the
little
girl
was
found
______
at
the
corner
of
the
street.
frozen
freezing
freezes
freezing
frozen
freezing
frozen
2.
crash
v.
(飞机)失事;
坠毁;
碰撞;
(计算机)死机
n.
碰撞;
坠毁;
崩溃;
倒闭;
碰撞声
In
1945,
a
US
military
plane,
which
was
flying
over
Manhattan
on
a
foggy
day,
crashed
into
the
building
just
above
the
78th
floor.
在1945年,
一个大雾天,
一架从曼哈顿上空飞过的美国军用飞机撞入了大厦,
正好在第78层上面。
Files
might
be
lost
if
the
system
of
the
computer
crashed
suddenly.
要是计算机系统突然崩溃,
文件就可能丢失。
A
truck
went
out
of
control
and
crashed
into
the
back
of
a
bus.
货车失控撞上了一辆公共汽车的尾部。
【词块积累】
(1)crash
(.
.
.
)
into.
.
.
(使……)撞到……上
(2)a
car
crash
汽车撞车事故
an
air
crash
飞机坠毁事故
(3)with
a
crash
轰隆(哗啦、咔嚓)一声
【巧学助记】不同程度的“破裂”
【即学活用】
(1)判断crash在不同语境中的含义
①He
crashed
his
car
into
a
wall.
(
)
②The
company
crashed
with
debts
of
$2
million.
(
)
③The
plane
crashed
shortly
after
take-off.
(
)
④The
computers
are
old
and
slow,
and
they
often
crash.
(
)
碰撞
倒闭
坠毁,
失事
死机
(2)用crash的适当形式或相关短语填空
Some
birds
___________the
plane,
causing
it
_______.
Luckily,
the
child
was
the
single
survivor
of
the
________.
?
一些鸟撞上飞机,
导致飞机坠毁。幸运的是,
这个孩子是那次飞机坠毁事故的
唯一幸存者。
crashed
into
to
crash
air
crash
3.
Why
do
you
think
there
are
so
many
tall
buildings
in
the
world
now?
?
你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑呢?
【句式解构】
(1)句中的do
you
think是一个插入语,
放在特殊疑问词与句子其他成分之间,
插入语后的句子要使用陈述句的语序。know,
guess,
suppose,
believe,
expect,
suggest等动词都可以用在插入语中。
(2)如果整句话为陈述句,
那么也可以用I
think,
I
believe,
I
suppose,
I
guess,
I
imagine,
I
find,
I
say或I
know等作插入语,
置于句中或句末,
常用逗号和句子的其他成分分开,
此类插入语若置于定语从句中,
可不用标点。
What
do
you
think
has
happened
to
her?
你觉得她出什么事了?
Who
do
you
suggest
be
sent
there
to
report
this
event?
你建议派谁去那里报道这个事件?
【即学活用】
(1)你觉得谁会赢得这场比赛?
译:
_________________________________?
(2)你认为那是什么舞?
译:
_______________________________?
(3)你认为谁是我们班最好的学生?
________________________________
in
our
class?
?
Who
do
you
think
will
win
the
match?
What
do
you
suppose
that
dance
is?
Who
do
you
think
is
the
best
student
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ.
单词拼写
1.
The
_______(帝国)
State
Building
used
to
be
the
tallest
building
in
the
world.
2.
Do
you
know
when
the
World
Trade
______
(中心)
was
built
in
New
York?
3.
The
World
Trade
Centre
twin
towers
were
_________
(摧毁)
in
September
2001.
4.
It
is
said
that
ten
million
bricks
were
used
in
the
___________
(建造)
of
the
building.
Empire
Centre
destroyed
construction
5.
There
is
an
___________
(天文台)
at
the
top
of
the
Empire
State
Building.
6.
Last
month
a
hurricane
______(袭击)
this
area.
7.
Oliver
was
unable
to
give
the
police
a___________(描述)
of
his
attacker.
8.
It
is
difficult
to
travel
through
the
town
on
a
_______(极冷的)
_____
(有雾的)
morning.
9.
The
pilot
got
severely
injured
when
his
plane
_______(坠毁).
10.
A
_______
(军用的)
plane
is
flying
over
the
city.
observatory
struck
description
freezing
foggy
crashed
military
Ⅱ.
单句改错
1.
At
last,
the
headmaster’s
words
brought
the
meeting
to
end.
(
)
2.
That
is
impossible
for
him
to
be
late
for
school.
(
)
3.
Only
after
I
read
the
poem
a
second
time
did
I
make
sense
it.
(
)
4.
Many
people
live
in
big
cities
want
to
move
to
the
countryside.
(
)
5.
The
student
dressing
in
white
is
my
daughter.
(
)
end前加an
That→It
it前加of
live→living或live前加who
dressing→dressed
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
His
explanation
for
this
question
doesn’t
__________.
?
他对这个问题的解释没有道理。
2.
He
________________
his
story,
and
the
audience
gave
him
applause.
?
他结束了他的故事,
观众给了他掌声。
3.
________________________is
of
great
importance.
?
昨天举行的会议非常重要。
make
sense
brought
an
end
to
The
meeting
held
yesterday
4.
A
man
_________________rarely
sees
subways.
?
住在村子里的人很少看到地铁。
5.
_________________led
to
his
failure?
?
你觉得是什么导致了他的失败?
living
in
the
village
What
do
you
think
Ⅳ.
课文语法填空
Most
of
the
tallest
buildings
in
the
world
were
built
in
the
1990s
and
in
1.
___
twenty-first
century,
but
the
two
tallest
buildings
in
the
US
2.
_________
(build)
much
earlier.
The
Empire
State
Building,
3.
______
was
the
tallest
building
at
the
time
was
finished
in
May
1931.
Ten
million
bricks
were
used
in
the
4.
___________(construct).
Lightning
5.
______(strike)
the
Empire
State
Building
about
500
times
a
year.
In
1945,
a
US
military
plane,
which
was
flying
on
a
6.
_____
(fog)
day,
crashed
7.
____
the
building
just
above
the
78th
floor.
It
the
were
built
which
construction
strikes
foggy
into
was
the
8.
______
(tall)
building
in
the
world
until
the
World
Trade
Centre
was
built.
The
World
Trade
Centre
twin
towers
9.
_________(destroy)
in
September
2001,
were
417
and
415
10.
______
(metre)
high.
?
tallest
destroyed
metres
语段填空
On
a
1.
_______(极冷的)
day,
the
city
government
held
a
discussion
on
whether
to
2.
_______(移走)
the
old
temple
3.
_____________(追溯到)
1,
000
years
ago
and
build
a
park
there.
Some
people
thought
it
4.
__________(有道理)
to
do
so
because
they
thought
only
in
this
way
could
their
5.
________(梦想)
improving
life
6.
_________(变成现实),
while
others
tried
to
7.
___________(阻止
它)
because
they
thought
this
old
temple
deserved
protecting.
What’s
more,
removing
the
8.
_________(巨大的)historic
building
was
9.
_________(荒唐的).
At
last,
they
had
to
10.
______________(结束)
the
discussion.
?
freezing
remove
dating
back
to
made
sense
dream
of
come
true
hold
it
back
enormous
ridiculous
bring
an
end
to
话题写作·表达升级
写一封今昔对比的电子邮件
【文体感知】
此类电子邮件内容应力求简明扼要。先表明写信目的;
然后根据过去的情况和现在的事实组织材料,
描写今昔对比;
最后署名。
【典题演练】
假如你是李华,
你远在美国工作的叔叔想要回国发展,
来信向你询问家乡的情况,
请你给他写一封电子邮件,
要点如下:
1.
家乡的变化(街道、绿化、建筑);
2.
存在的问题(环境、交通);
3.
希望他为家乡做贡献。
注意:
1.
词数100个左右;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯。
【谋篇立意】
【遣词造句】
1.
完成句子
(1)我们都知道过去的几年我们的家乡发生了很大变化。
We
all
know
that
great
changes
_______________
in
our
hometown
__________
_____________.
?
(2)街道过去很窄,
但现在变得又宽又干净。
The
streets
________________,
but
now
they
are
_____________.
?
(3)市政府已经采取措施解决这些问题了。
The
government
has
_____________________the
problems.
?
have
taken
place
in/
over
the
past
few
years
used
to
be
narrow
wide
and
clean
taken
measures
to
solve
2.
句式升级
(4)用as引导的非限制性定语从句改写句1。
_______________________________________________________________
_________________________________?
(5)用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写句2。
______________________________________________________
As
we
all
know/
As
is
known
to
all,
great
changes
have
taken
place
in
our
hometown
in/
over
the
past
few
years.
The
streets,
which
used
to
be
narrow,
are
wide
and
clean
now.
?
【完美成篇】
Dear
Uncle,
I’m
glad
to
hear
that
you
will
come
back
to
our
homeland
for
development.
I
think
it’s
a
great
idea
to
build
our
hometown.
As
we
all
know,
great
changes
have
taken
place
in
our
hometown
over
the
past
few
years.
The
streets
and
roads,
which
used
to
be
narrow,
are
wide
and
clean
now
and
there
are
trees
and
flowers
growing
along
the
sidewalks.
More
and
more
tall
buildings
are
being
built.
However,
during
the
course
of
creating
a
modern
city,
some
problems
appear,
such
as
water
and
air
pollution
and
heavy
traffic
in
rush
hours.
Our
city
government
has
realized
these
problems
and
has
taken
measures
to
solve
them.
I
think
everyone
should
make
efforts
to
make
our
hometown
more
beautiful.
I
hope
you
will
make
great
contributions
to
our
hometown
after
you
come
back.
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
【话题拓展】
1.
话题词汇
(1)be
pleased/glad
to
hear
from
sb.
很高兴收到某人的来信
(2)be
writing
to
tell
you
about
sth.
写信告诉你某事
(3)take
place
发生
(4)no
longer
不再
(5)used
to
be
过去是
(6)become
better
and
better
变得越来越好
(7)make
sth.
more
beautiful
使某物更漂亮
2.
话题句式
(1)表达问候与目的:
I’m
writing
to
tell
you
something
about
the
changes
in
my
hometown.
我写信是要告诉你我的家乡的变化。
(2)描述今昔对比:
①As
is
known
to
all,
great
changes
have
taken
place
in
my
hometown.
众所周知,
我的家乡已经发生了很大变化。
②It
is
no
longer
what
it
used
to
be
ten
years
ago.
它不再是十年前的样子了。
③The
streets
used
to
be
narrow,
but
now
they
are
wide
and
clean.
街道过去很窄,
但是现在变得又宽又干净。
(3)表达愿望:
①I
believe
my
hometown
will
become
better
and
better.
我相信我的家乡会变得越来越好。
②I
think
you
will
make
efforts
to
make
our
hometown
more
beautiful.
我认为你会努力使我们的家乡更漂亮。(共27张PPT)
Module
6 Old
and
New
Grammar
语法精讲·探究学习
非限制性定语从句
【情境探究】
用适当关系词填写下面教材中的句子,
体会它们的用法。
1.
The
power
of
the
Yangtze
River,
______
is
the
world’s
third
longest
river,
has
been
harnessed
by
the
Three
Gorges
Dam.
2.
Sun
Yat-sen,
____
was
the
leader
of
the
1911
Revolution,
first
suggested
the
idea
of
a
dam
across
the
Yangtze
River
in
1919.
which
who
【要义详析】
一、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别
名称
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
作用
起限定作用,
限制或约束先行词,
不可去掉,
否则主句意义不完整
对整个句子的意义并不重要,
即使去掉,
原句仍有意义
结构
不用逗号与主句隔开
用逗号与主句隔开
功能
先行词不可缺少的定语
对先行词起补充说明作用
引导词
a.
作宾语时可省略,
介词之后的关系词不能省
b.
可用that
a.
作宾语时不可省略
b.
不可用that
China
is
a
country
which
has
a
long
history.
中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
China,
which
was
founded
in
1949,
is
becoming
more
and
more
powerful.
中国是1949年成立的,
现在正变得越来越强大。
【名师点津】非限制性定语从句
(1)形式上:
用逗号“,
”与主句隔开。
(2)意义上:
只是对先行词的补充说明,
如删除,
主句仍能表达完整的意思。
(3)译法上:
通常译成主句的并列句。
【即学活用】
改错
(1)The
great
Chinese
scholar
Confucius,
which
lived
from
roughly
551
to
479
BC,
influenced
the
development
of
chopsticks.
(
)
(2)Many
young
people,
most
of
who
were
well
educated,
headed
for
distant
regions
to
go
after
their
dreams.
(
)
which→who
who→whom
二、非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法
1.
who,
whom,
whose引导的非限制性定语从句。
(1)关系代词who,
whom引导的非限制性定语从句修饰人。
(2)关系代词who在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语;
whom作宾语;
介词后用whom,
不用who。
(3)whose作定语,
先行词是人时,
whose
+
n.
相当于the
+n.
+of
whom。先行词是物时,
whose
+
n.
相当于the
+n.
+of
which。
Our
guide,
who
was
a
French
Canadian,
was
an
excellent
cook.
我们的向导,
一个法裔加拿大人,
擅长烹调。
Mr
Smith,
from
whom
I
have
learned
a
lot,
is
a
famous
scientist.
史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家,
我从他那儿学了很多东西。
The
books
on
the
desk,
whose
covers
are
shiny,
are
prizes
for
us.
桌子上的书是我们的奖品,
书的封面很亮。
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)(2020·江苏高考)Inglis
said
phone
boxes
called
to
mind
an
age
_____
things
were
built
to
last.
(2)(2019·天津高考)Their
child
is
at
the
stage
______
she
can
say
individual
words
but
not
full
sentences.
改错
(3)(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)One
afternoon
where
I
was
in
primary
school,
I
was
walking
by
the
school
playground.
(
)
when
where
where→when
2.
which,
as的用法。
(1)两者在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
Water,
which
is
a
clear
liquid,
has
many
uses.
水是一种清澈的液体,
有许多用途。
Our
country
has
sent
up
another
man-made
earth
satellite,
as
is
reported
in
the
papers.
报纸上报道说,
我国又发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
(2)as,
which引导非限制性定语从句的区别。
项
目
as
which
指代
引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容
引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容,
又可指代主句的一部分
位置
可位于主句之前、之中或之后
引导的从句不能位于主句之前
意义
正如
这,
那
I
borrowed
the
book
Sherlock
Holmes
from
the
library
last
week,
which
my
classmates
recommended
to
me.
我上周从图书馆借了《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》,
这本书是我班同学推荐给我的。
(2017·江苏高考)The
number
of
smokers,
as
is
reported,
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
正如所报道的那样,
仅仅一年的时间,
吸烟者的数量下降了17%。
【即学活用】用which和as填空
(1)(2018·江苏高考)By
boat
is
the
only
way
to
get
here,
______
is
how
we
arrived.
(2)___
is
known
to
all,
the
earth
is
round.
which
As
3.
when,
where的用法。
(1)关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语,
指代主句中表示时间的词语。
(2)关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,
指代主句中表示地点的词语。
(3)when/where有时可以换成“介词+which”。
We’ll
put
off
the
picnic
in
the
park
until
next
week,
when
the
weather
may
be
better.
我们打算把在公园里的这次野餐推迟到下周,
那时天气可能会更好。
Opposite
is
St.
Paul’s
Church,
where
you
can
hear
some
lovely
music.
对面是圣保罗教堂,
在那里你能听到好听的音乐。
I
left
on
Sunday,
when/on
which
everyone
was
at
home.
我星期日离开的,
当时人人都在家。
【即学活用】用适当的关系副词填空
(1)He
will
put
off
the
picnic
until
May
1st,
_____
he
will
be
free.
(2)She
is
going
to
live
in
Beijing,
______she
has
some
close
friends.
(3)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Now
Irene
Astbury
works
from
9am
to
5pm
daily
at
the
pet
shop
in
Macclesfield,
______
she
opened
with
her
late
husband
Les.
when
where
which
4.
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。
在“介词+关系代词”中,
关系代词用whom指人,
用which指物。
He
worked
in
a
car
factory
for
four
years,
after
which
he
founded
his
own
company
in
his
hometown.
他在一家汽车厂工作了4年,
之后在他的家乡建立了自己的公司。
We
are
short
of
two
people,
without
whom
we
will
need
three
more
days
to
finish
the
work.
我们缺少两个人,
没有他们,
我们还需要三天的时间来完成这项工作。
【即学活用】改错
(1)(2017·江苏高考)Scientists
have
advanced
many
theories
about
why
human
beings
cry
tears,
none
of
that
has
been
proved.
(
)
(2)George,
with
who
I
played
tennis
on
Sundays,
was
a
warm-hearted
person.
(
)
that→which
who→whom
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
He
never
has
problems
in
his
study,
______
was
admired
by
his
teacher.
2.
The
famous
basketball
star,
____
tried
to
make
a
comeback,
attracted
a
lot
of
attention.
3.
Do
you
know
the
lady
with
______
our
manager
is
talking
in
the
office?
4.
None
of
us
accepted
the
reason
he
explained,
for
______
he
was
absent.
which
who
whom
which
5.
Julie
enjoyed
reading
when
young.
She
grew
up
in
a
key
middle
school
in
her
city,
______
her
parents
both
taught
Chinese.
6.
Then
I
noticed
an
elderly
lady
walking
with
difficulty
in
front
of
me,
____
seemed
in
her
80s.
7.
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They
were
well
trained
by
their
masters
____
had
great
experience
with
caring
for
these
animals.
8.
(2018·天津高考)Kate,
______
sister
I
shared
a
room
with
when
we
were
at
college,
has
gone
to
work
in
Australia.
where
who
who
whose
9.
(2019·浙江高考)On
the
edge
of
the
jacket,
there
is
a
piece
of
cloth
__________
gives
off
light
in
the
dark.
10.
(2019·北京高考)The
students
benefitting
most
from
college
are
those
________
are
totally
engaged(参与)in
academic
life.
that/which
who/that
Ⅱ.
把两个简单句合并成一个含非限制性定语从句的复合句
1.
He
failed
once
more
in
the
match.
It
was
a
great
pity.
→He
failed
once
more
in
the
match,
____________________.
?
2.
My
mother
often
goes
to
the
gym.
She
works
out
to
keep
fit
there.
→My
mother
often
goes
to
the
gym,
___________________________.
?
3.
This
is
a
high
mountain.
Its
top
is
always
covered
by
snow.
→This
is
a
high
mountain,
________________________________.
?
which
was
a
great
pity
where
she
works
out
to
keep
fit
whose
top
is
always
covered
by
snow
4.
Many
people
are
going
on
a
diet.
Some
of
them
are
not
overweight.
→Many
people,
_____________________________,
are
going
on
a
diet.
?
5.
Global
warming
has
caused
a
lot
of
natural
disasters.
We
all
know
it.
→_____________,
global
warming
has
caused
a
lot
of
natural
disasters.
?
6.
Her
son
hasn’t
called
her
for
some
time.
It
makes
her
worried.
_________________________________________________________.
?
some
of
whom
are
not
overweight
As
we
all
know
Her
son
hasn’t
called
her
for
some
time,
which
makes
her
worried
7.
The
class
officers
will
meet
in
Room
101.
They
met
in
Room
101
last
week.
___________________________________________________________
8.
Thomas
Edison
was
a
great
American
scientist.
His
inventions
have
changed
the
way
of
our
living.
____________________________________________________________________
___________________?
The
class
officers
will
meet
in
Room
101,
where
they
met
last
week.
?
Thomas
Edison
was
a
great
American
scientist,
whose
inventions
have
changed
the
way
of
our
living.
9.
She
has
two
sons.
The
older
of
them
has
just
graduated
from
college.
____________________________________________________________
10.
I
suggest
you
keep
a
diary
every
day.
I
think
it
is
a
good
way
to
release
the
feelings
and
emotions.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________
She
has
two
sons,
the
older
of
whom
has
just
graduated
from
college.
?
I
suggest
you
keep
a
diary
every
day,
which
I
think
is
a
good
way
to
release
the
feelings
and
emotions.
?
【语法主题应用】
根据提示运用本课时所学非限制性定语从句,
翻译下列语段。
我有一位英语特别好的网友(whose)。有一段时间我语法学习遇到了困难(when)。她耐心细致地回答了我的问题,
给了我很大的帮助(which)。她还鼓励我多看地道的英语文章,
从这些文章中学习正确的表达(which)。
I
have
a
net
friend
whose
English
is
perfect.
There
was
a
time
when
I
had
difficulty
in
learning
grammar.
She
patiently
and
carefully
answered
my
questions,
which
helped
me
a
lot.
She
also
encouraged
me
to
read
more
authentic
English
articles,
from
which
I
can
learn
correct
expressions.
?
