(共72张PPT)
Module
5 Great
People
and
Great
Inventions
of
Ancient
China
Integrating
Skills
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
用本模块词汇完成语境
1.
a
reputation
for
_______
(诚实)
2.
the
principles
of
______
(公正)
3.
make
an
important
___________
(贡献)
4.
form
an
independent
________
(范畴)
5.
a
difficult
_________
(争论)
6.
fight
for
________
(自由)
7.
in
good
_________
(状况)
8.
very
beautiful
white
_____
(树皮)
honesty
justice
contribution
category
argument
freedom
condition
bark
9.
______
(发明)
the
telephone
10.
cow
______
(牛皮)
11.
a
_____
(和尚)
from
Emei
Mountain
12.
step
on
the
____
(柔软的)
ground
13.
a
great
________
(发明家)
14.
run
out
of
____
(燃料)
invent
leather
monk
soft
inventor
fuel
Ⅱ.
根据语境选择方框中适当的短语填空
become
interested
in,
be
proud
of,
up
to,
in
conclusion,
for
the
first
time,
in
good
condition,
make
great
contributions,
give
an
example
1.
I’ve
talked
a
lot
about
walking.
____________,
I
want
to
say
it
is
a
cheap,
safe
and
enjoyable
form
of
exercise.
?
2.
We
___________
the
great
achievements
our
son
has
made
during
the
past
years.
?
3.
When
Johnson
was
ten
years
old,
he
__________________
writing.
?
In
conclusion
are
proud
of
became
interested
in
4.
All
the
old
paintings
were
_______________when
they
were
discovered
by
the
farmer.
?
5.
Chinese
athletes
______________________to
the
Olympic
Games.
?
6.
Can
you
______________of
how
you
would
do
that?
?
7.
The
temperature
here
reaches
_____40
degrees
in
summer.
?
8.
Sales
moved
upwards
_______________this
year.
?
in
good
condition
make
great
contributions
give
an
example
up
to
for
the
first
time
Ⅲ.
翻译课文原句并观察黑体部分
1.
However,
we
do
know
that
in
1092
AD
he
invented
the
first
real
clock.
__________________________________________________
2.
Cars
were
first
used
at
the
end
of
the
nineteenth
century,
and
were
no
faster
than
a
horse.
____________________________________________________________
3.
Thousands
of
people
left
the
countryside
to
work
in
the
city.
_________________________________
然而,
我们的确知道在公元1092年他发明了第一块时钟。
人们最早使用汽车是在19世纪末,
而且当时的汽车跑得并不比马快。
成千上万的人离开农村到城市工作。
要点精研·探究学习
1.
contribution
n.
贡献;
捐款;
投稿
The
invention
of
paper
was
a
great
contribution
to
human
civilization.
纸的发明是对人类文明的一大贡献。
He
has
made
an
important
contribution
to
the
company’s
success.
他为公司的成功做出了重要的贡献。
He
contributed
a
lot
of
money
to
Project
Hope.
他捐了很多钱给希望工程。
I’m
sure
your
suggestions
will
contribute
to
solving
the
problem.
我确定你的建议会有助于这个问题的解决。
【导图理词】
【即学活用】
(1)句型转换。
I
believe
that
each
of
us
can
contribute
to
the
future
of
the
world.
→I
believe
that
each
of
us
can
___________________
the
future
of
the
world.
?
make
contributions
to
(2)语法填空。
①Different
teachers
make
different
____________
(contribution)
to
a
student’s
growth.
②Alan
has
made
an
immense
contribution
__
the
sport.
③He
made
a
very
positive
___________(contribute)
to
the
success
of
the
project.
contributions
to
contribution
2.
invent
v.
发明;
创造
It
is
the
country
in
which
silk
was
first
invented.
这就是首先发明丝绸的国家。
Edison
is
a
great
inventor,
whose
inventions
have
contributed
to
the
development
of
our
society.
爱迪生是一位伟大的发明家,
他的发明促进了我们社会的进步。
【词块积累】
invention
n.
[U]发明;
[C]发明物
inventor
n.
发明家;
创造者
【熟词生义】
What
excuse
did
he
invent
this
time?
他这次编了什么借口?
(
)
v.
编造,
虚构
【即学活用】
用invent的适当形式填空。
(1)Human
history
is
also
a
history
of
great
_________.
(2)Do
you
know
when
the
car
____________?
?
(3)It
helped
to
establish
Roze
as
the
________
of
the
modern
restaurant.
inventions
was
invented
inventor
3.
be
proud
of为……自豪
He
is
a
man
who(m)
China
can
be
proud
of.
他是一个中国可以引以为豪的人。
She
was
proud
that
her
daughter
had
so
much
talent.
女儿这么有天赋令她感到自豪。
On
Saturdays,
students
are
very
proud
to
be
volunteers
on
the
street
to
guide
passers-by
to
obey
traffic
rules.
在星期六那天,
学生们为自己能在街上做引导行人遵守交通规则的志愿者而感到自豪。
When
he
grows
up,
he
is
so
successful
that
he
takes
pride
in
his
hard
work.
当他长大成人,
他是如此成功以至于他对他的努力工作感到自豪。
【导图理词】
【链高考·明考向】
(2019·江苏高考)The
two
keepers
are
proud
of
their
productive
work.
两名管理员为自己的成就感到自豪。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①Jack
was
proud
__
his
high
score
in
the
examination.
②He
had
been
too
proud
______(ask)
for
help.
?
③We
are
very
______
(pride)
that
a
pupil
from
our
school
has
won
the
prize.
of
to
ask
proud
(2)一句多译。
埃莉诺为自己的家庭感到骄傲。
Eleanor
__________her
family.
?
Eleanor
__________in
her
family.
?
is
proud
of
takes
pride
4.
argument
n.
争论;
辩论;
议论
This
paragraph
gives
the
arguments
against
cars.
这一段列举了反对使用汽车的理由。
The
students
had
an
argument
with
their
teacher
about
how
many
categories
they
should
divide
the
fuels
into.
学生与他们的老师就他们应该把那些燃料分成几类有争论。
Father
argued
against
an
increase
in
our
pocket
money.
父亲反对增加我们的零花钱。
Jack
argued
me
into
buying
the
shirt.
杰克劝说我买那件衬衫。
【导图理词】
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①Nobody’s
arguing
_____
that.
②They
argued
_______
such
a
terrible
policy.
③They
tried
to
argue
him
into
_______
(join)them.
④He
wanted
to
go
to
India
but
we
_______
(argue)
him
out
of
it.
(2)They
__________________________the
best
place
for
a
holiday.
?
他们彼此争论关于度假的最好的地方。
about
against
joining
argued
argued
with
each
other
about
5.
in
conclusion总之,
最后
In
conclusion,
I
think
that
cars
are
very
useful
because
travel
is
so
easy
with
a
car.
总之,
我认为汽车是很有用的,
因为驾车旅行很方便。
The
conclusion
they
reached/arrived
at/came
to
at
the
meeting
is
satisfactory.
他们在会上得出的结论是令人满意的。
Think
before
you
leap.
Don’t
jump
to
a
conclusion.
三思而后行,
不要匆忙下结论。
To
conclude,
I
wish
the
2022
Beijing
Winter
Olympics
a
great
success.
最后,
我预祝2022年北京冬奥会圆满成功。
【导图理词】
【名师点津】“总之”短语大荟萃
表示“总之”,
用来概括或表示结论的短语还有:
in
a/one
word;
in
short;
in
a
nutshell;
in
brief;
all
in
all;
in
sum;
to
sum
up
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①___
conclude,
I
would
like
to
thank
you
for
giving
me
this
opportunity
to
speak.
②__
conclusion,
I
wish
the
forum
a
complete
success
and
hope
our
guests
enjoy
their
stay
in
Beijing.
(2)同义句转换。
We
concluded
that
he
would
succeed
this
time.
→We
_____________________________________
that
he
would
succeed
this
time.
?
To
In
came
to/drew/reached/arrived
a
conclusion
6.
for
the
first
time第一次
With
the
Industrial
Revolution,
factories
appeared
and
mass
production
became
possible
for
the
first
time.
随着工业革命的发展,
工厂出现了,
产品的批量生产第一次成为可能。
We
can’t
be
together
all
the
time.
我们不能始终在一起。
I
can’t
cook
a
big
dinner
and
look
after
the
kids
at
the
same
time!
我无法在准备一顿大餐的同时还照看孩子!
Beat
in
the
eggs,
one
at
a
time.
打入鸡蛋,
每次一个。
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)I’m
just
so
glad
I
was
there
in
time
to
help
my
son.
我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。
【导图理词】
【名师点津】
for
the
first
time与the
first
time
for
the
first
time在句子中单独作时间状语,
而the
first
time则引导时间状语从句,
在句子中作时间状语。
【即学活用】
(1)His
daughters
visited
him
_______________________
when
he
was
ill.
?
他生病后他的女儿们时常去探望他。
(2)It’s
working
well
enough
________________,
but
it
will
have
to
be
properly
fixed
soon.
?
它现在暂时还能正常使用,
但是过不了多久就要好好修理一下了。
(3)Where
was
the
World
Cup
held
_______________?
?
第一次世界杯是在哪里举行的?
from
time
to
time/
at
times
for
the
time
being
for
the
first
time
(4)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)
_______________________,
they
were
living
in
a
small
house
with
dogs,
ducks,
and
other
animals.
?
我第一次去那里时,
他们住在养着狗、鸭子和其他动物的小房子里。
The
first
time
I
went
there
7.
Cars
were
first
used
at
the
end
of
the
nineteenth
century,
and
were
no
faster
than
a
horse.
人们最早使用汽车是在19世纪末,
而且当时的汽车跑得并不比马快。?
【句式解构】
本句中no
faster
than意为“和……一样不快”,
相当于as
slow
as。“no+比较级+than”这一结构,
否定两者,
含义是“前者跟后者一样不……”。
【名师点津】
(1)not+比较级+than表示“前者不比后者更……”
(2)no
more
than(=only)
仅仅,
只有
not
more
than(=at
most)
至多;
不超过
【即学活用】
(1)You
are
__________________he
is.
?
你和他一样不仔细。
(2)This
novel
is
______________________that
one.
?
这本小说不如那本有趣。
(3)Lucy
has
kept
in
mind
____________20
new
words
today.
?
露西今天只记了20个新单词。
(4)Tom
has
_____________three
cars.
?
汤姆最多有三辆车。
no
more
careful
than
not
more
interesting
than
no
more
than
not
more
than
【要点拾遗】
1.
freedom
n.
自由
They
move
fast
and
they
give
you
freedom.
他们迅速移动,
给你自由。
They
bought
peace
with
their
freedom.
他们牺牲自由换取和平。
This
service
is
free
of
charge.
该服务是免费的。
Is
the
book
for
free
or
for
a
charge?
这本书是免费的,
还是收费的?
【词块积累】
【小词汇·大文化】
Freedom
is
not
letting
you
do
whatever
you
wanna
but
teaching
you
not
to
do
the
things
you
don’t
wanna
do.
自由不是让你想做什么就做什么,
自由是教你不想做什么,
就可以不做什么。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①They
enjoyed
the
happiness
and
________
(free)
for
the
first
time.
②I
wish
to
live
a
life
entirely
free
_____
trouble.
③He
was
unable
to
move
_____
(free).
(2)I
think
all
caged
birds
should
_________.
?
我认为所有关在笼子里的鸟儿都应该被放出去。
freedom
from
freely
be
set
free
2.
condition
n.
状况;
条件;
环境
Often,
factory
workers
lived
in
poor
and
crowded
conditions.
通常,
工厂工人们生活在恶劣而又拥挤的环境中。
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)This
apartment
is
in
good
condition.
这套公寓状况良好。
When
the
season
started,
he
was
out
of
condition
and
not
at
his
best.
赛季开始的时候,
他身体状况不好,
不在最佳状态。
Everyone
can
use
the
shared-bikes
on
condition
that
the
bikes
can
be
parked
in
the
right
places.
只要共享单车能停放在正确的地方,
每个人都可以去用。
【词块积累】
(1)be
in
good/bad/poor
condition
状态良好/不佳
out
of
condition
健康状况不佳/条件状况欠佳
(2)on
condition
that
如果;
在……条件下
on
no
condition
决不,
无论如何都不(位于句首,
句子要倒装)
【名师点津】
condition指“条件;
状态”时,
通常用单数形式;
指“环境,
情况”时,
通常用复数形式。
【即学活用】
(1)Though
used
for
more
than
5
years,
my
car
is
still
_______________.
?
尽管我的车已经开了5年多了,
但状况仍然很好。
(2)I’ll
lend
you
the
book
_______________you
return
it
this
Sunday.
?
我可以把书借给你,
条件是你这个周日还给我。
(3)He
is
overweight
and
______________.
?
他体重超重,
健康状况不佳。
in
good
condition
on
condition
that
out
of
condition
(4)You
are
_______________and
you
shouldn’t
go
anywhere.
?
你的身体状况太差,
不宜去任何地方。
(5)
______________should
you
visit
that
place.
?
你决不能去那个地方。
in
poor
condition
On
no
condition
3.
However,
we
do
know
that
in
1092
AD
he
invented
the
first
real
clock.
?
然而,
我们的确知道在公元1092年他发明了第一块时钟。
【句式解构】
本句“do/does/did+动词原形”
构成强调句型,
该句型用来强调谓语动词,
其中的do/does/did在句中要重读。
【名师点津】
(1)该结构只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种形式,
只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调,
没有否定和疑问形式。
(2)若对句子其他部分进行强调,
要使用强调句型:
It
is/was+被强调部分+that.
.
.
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①__
was
when
I
got
back
to
my
apartment
that
I
first
came
across
my
new
neighbors.
②It
was
Ann’s
husband
________
rushed
her
to
a
nearby
hospital
last
night.
(2)
__________.
I
told
you
I
had
a
headache.
?
务必安静。我告诉过你,
我头痛。
It
that/who
Do
be
quiet
(3)In
the
ancient
world,
people
thought
the
earth
didn’t
move
at
all,
but
it
________.
?
在古代,
人们认为地球根本不运动,
但它的确是在运动。
(4)Teachers
thought
I
didn’t
study
hard,
but
I
_____________.
?
老师们认为我不努力学习,
但我确实努力了。
did
move
did
study
hard
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
Amy
has
never
told
a
lie
to
others.
We
all
appreciate
her
_______
(honest).
2.
The
________
(invent)
won
the
first
prize
because
of
the
wonderful
machine
he
invented.
3.
She
did
well
in
every
subject,
but
she
never
seemed
to
be
proud
__
her
achievement.
4.
The
three
scientists
were
given
the
Nobel
Prize
in
2017
for
their
____________
(contribute)
to
physics.
honesty
inventor
of
contributions
5.
Another
_________
(argue)
against
television
is
that
it
replaces
reading
as
a
form
of
entertainment.
6.
First
I
would
try
to
give
___
example
in
the
real
world.
7.
When
Peter
was
young,
he
had
the
________
(free)
to
do
whatever
he
wanted.
8.
In
__________
(conclude),
please
accept
my
best
wishes
for
your
family.
9.
Many
roads
are
__
bad
condition
and
accidents
are
frequent.
10.
That
film
is
no
_______________(interesting)
than
this
one.
?
argument
an
freedom
conclusion
in
more
interesting
Ⅱ.
单句改错
1.
Everyone
should
make
the
contributions
to
protect
the
environment.
(
)
2.
He
was
proud
to
having
such
a
good
friend.
(
)
3.
I
would
prefer
to
go
out
for
a
picnic,
if
is
possible.
(
)
4.
Earlier
this
week,
almost
2,
000
officers
went
on
strike
to
demand
better
pay
and
working
condition.
(
)
5.
Naturally,
you
were
nervous
when
you
went
on
the
platform
the
first
time.
(
)
protect→protecting
to→of
去掉is或在is前加it
condition→conditions
platform后加for
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
He
is
_________________
you
in
the
class.
?
在课堂上他同你一样不积极。
2.
______________the
escaped
driver,
I
_______________what
I
did.
?
与那位逃跑的司机相比,
我为我做的事情感到自豪。
3.
____,
I
will
accept
your
advice.
?
如果这样,
我会接受你的建议。
no
more
active
than
Compared
with
was/felt
proud
of
If
so
4.
I’ll
lend
you
some
_______________you
never
waste
money.
?
只要你不浪费钱,
我将借给你一些。
5.
Now,
________________________________________________________
______.
?
现在越来越多的青少年对电脑游戏感兴趣。
6.
He
__________________________________of
the
project.
?
他为这个项目的成功做出了巨大的贡献。
on
condition
that
more
and
more
teenagers
become
interested
in
playing
computer
games
made
great
contributions
to
the
success
Ⅳ.
课文短文改错
In
Europe,
in
the
second
half
of
the
eighteen
century,
there
was
an
important
change
in
society
calling
the“Industrial
Revolution”.
Factories
appear
and
mass
production
became
possible
the
first
time.
The
factories
were
built
in
towns
and
as
a
result,
the
population
of
towns
and
cities
great
increased.
These
changes
became
impossible
because
of
inventions
such
as
the
steam
engine,
that
was
invented
in
1769
by
James
Watt
and
was
the
main
energy
source
during
the
Industrial
Revolution.
During
the
Industrial
Revolution,
factory
owners
became
more
power
than
land
owners.
Thousands
of
people
left
the
countryside
to
work
in
the
city,
but
workers
lived
in
the
poor
and
crowded
condition.
From
1830
to
the
early
20th
century,
the
Industrial
Revolution
spread
through
Europe
and
the
US
and
then
to
the
other
countries.
答案:
话题写作·表达升级
如何写议论文
【文体感知】
议论文通过摆事实、讲道理的方法来阐述自己的观点或表达自己的立场。议论文是很常见的一种文体,
非常考验逻辑性,
旨在让读者接受你对于这个话题的看法。
【典题演练】
随着电脑普及率的提高,
学生对书写的重视程度降低了。据一项调查显示,
有
85.
5%的中学生说自己的书写不好看,
而他们又不想改善书写,
其理由有很大差别。
请根据下图写一篇
100
词左右的英文短文,
说明该现象并发表自己的看法。
中学生不想改善书写的理由
【谋篇立意】
【遣词造句】
1.
完成句子
(1)学生们越来越不注意自己的书写。
Students
are
___________________________
their
handwriting.
?
(2)由于各种原因,
很多中学生不想改善自己的书写。
__________________,
many
students
don’t
want
to
improve
their
handwriting.
?
paying
less
and
less
attention
to
For
various
reasons
(3)32.
3%(的学生)认为他们忙于学习。
32.
3
percent
believe
that
they
____________the
study.
?
(4)他们没有时间练习。
They
do
not
__________________.
?
are
busy
with
have
time
to
practice
2.
句式升级
(5)用so.
.
.
that.
.
.
句型合并(3)、(4)句。
________________________________________________________________
____________________
32.
3
percent
believe
that
they
are
so
busy
with
the
study
that
they
do
not
have
time
to
practice.
?
【完美成篇】
Nowadays,
with
the
growing
popularity
of
computer,
students
are
paying
less
and
less
attention
to
their
handwriting.
According
to
a
recent
survey,
about
85.
5
percent
of
middle
school
students
think
their
handwriting
is
poor.
Yet
for
various
reasons,
many
students
don’t
want
to
improve
their
handwriting.
51.
5
percent
of
the
students
think
that
they
can
just
use
a
computer,
so
there
is
no
need
to
waste
time
improving
their
handwriting,
and
32.
3
percent
believe
that
they
are
so
busy
with
the
study
that
they
do
not
have
time
to
practice.
10.
9
percent
think
that
practicing
handwriting
is
useless.
In
my
opinion,
beautiful
and
neat
handwriting
is
beneficial,
especially
for
middle
school
students.
As
the
saying
goes,
writing
style
shows
the
man.
In
a
word,
I
think
more
emphasis
should
be
placed
on
this
aspect
in
future.
【话题拓展】
1.
话题词汇
(1)since/
now
that
既然
(2)therefore
因此
(3)in
that
case
在那种情况下
(4)because
因为
(5)so
所以
(6)conclude
得出结论
(7)draw/
come
to
a
conclusion
得出结论
(8)in
conclusion/
in
a
word
总之
2.
话题句式
(1)表达比较:
①Life
in
the
city
is
very
different
from
life
in
the
villages
and
on
the
farms.
城市生活和乡村及农场上的生活大不相同。
②People
in
large
cities
pay
more
attention
to
respecting
the
privacy
of
the
individuals.
大城市的人更注意尊重个人隐私。
③Villagers
and
farmers
are
likely
to
show
a
great
deal
of
interest
in
all
their
neighbors.
村民和农民可能对他们所有的邻居表现出极大的兴趣。
(2)表达观点:
①To
tell
the
truth,
I
don’t
like
playing
basketball
at
all.
说实话,
我一点也不喜欢打篮球。
②I
dare
say
that,
in
fact,
it’s
very
important
for
students
to
improve
their
handwriting.
我敢说,
事实上,
改善自己的书写对学生们来说非常重要。
③I
don’t
like
dishonest
man
and
neither
do
my
friends,
which
may
be
reasonably
concluded.
我不喜欢不诚实的人,
我的朋友们也不喜欢,
这可以合理地推断出来。
④So
it
is
important
and
necessary
to
keep
a
healthy
diet.
所以保持健康膳食是非常重要和必要的。(共30张PPT)
Module
5 Great
People
and
Great
Inventions
of
Ancient
China
Grammar
语法精讲·探究学习
限制性定语从句
【情境探究】
用适当的关系代词或关系副词填写下面教材中的句子,
体会它们的用法。
1.
Ancient
China
was
a
place
______
states
were
often
at
war
with
each
other.
2.
Mencius
was
a
thinker
______teachings
were
very
similar
to
those
of
Confucius.
3.
Mozi
taught
that
we
should
love
all
human
beings
and
look
after
those
____
are
weaker
than
ourselves.
where
whose
who
【要义详析】
用来修饰某个名词或代词的从句,
叫定语从句。定语从句通常置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词,
关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词和关系副词有双重作用:
一方面起引导词的作用,
连接主从句;
另一方面在从句中有一定的句法功能,
充当某种句子成分。
一、关系代词的用法
1.
that和which的用法。
(1)that既可指人又可指物,
which指物;
它们在从句中作主语、宾语或表语,
which和that在从句中作宾语时可省略。
The
film
(that/which)
we
saw
last
night
was
wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影非常精彩。
These
principles
are
in
line
with
China’s
foreign
policy
which
advocates
peaceful
development
and
win-win
cooperation.
这些原则符合中国和平发展、合作共赢的外交政策。
The
number
of
people
that
come
to
visit
this
city
each
year
reaches
one
million.
每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
(2)在限制性定语从句中,
关系代词指物时只能用that,
而不能用which的情况:
①当先行词是all,
everything,
nothing,
anything,
much,
little,
few等不定代词,
或被every,
all,
any,
little,
few,
much等修饰时。
All
that
he
has
done
is
of
little
help.
他所做的一切都没有一点儿帮助。
②当先行词被the
only,
the
very等修饰时。
This
is
the
only
answer
that
I
want
to
get.
这是我唯一想要得到的答案。
③当先行词为序数词/形容词最高级或被序数词/形容词最高级修饰时。
This
is
the
most
beautiful
places
that
I’ve
been
to.
这是我去过的最美丽的地方。
④当先行词既有人又有物时。
We
were
deeply
moved
by
the
man
and
his
experiences
that
she
told
us.
她给我们讲的那个人和他的经历深深地打动了我们。
⑤当主句以who或which开头时,
定语从句中引导词用that
,
不用which
或who。
Who
is
the
girl
that
is
wearing
a
red
coat?
穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁?
⑥当先行词是系动词be后面的表语或关系词本身是从句的表语时。
He
is
not
the
man
that
he
used
to
be.
他不是过去的那个他了。
【即学活用】
用适当的关系代词填空。
(1)(2020·浙江高考)Each
play
has
a
theme
or
central
idea
______
the
playwright
(剧作家)
hopes
to
get
across
through
dialogue
and
action.
(2)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The
Chinese
Ministry
of
Agriculture
finds
that
between
2005—when
the
government
started
a
soil-testing
program
__________
gives
specific
fertilizer
recommendations
to
farmers—and
2011,
fertilizer
use
dropped
by
7.
7
million
tons.
(3)That
is
the
best
film
____
has
ever
been
shown
so
far
in
the
city.
which
that/which
that
2.
who和whom的用法。
who和whom都指人。who在从句中作主语或宾语,
whom在从句中只能作宾语。作宾语时,
可省略。
Those
who
want
to
go
to
museum
must
be
at
the
school
gate
at
7
tomorrow
morning.
想去博物馆的人必须于明早7点在学校门口集合。
He
knew
the
teacher
(who/whom)
we
met
yesterday.
他认识我们昨天遇见的那位老师。
【即学活用】
用适当的关系代词填空。
(1)(2018·浙江高考)Many
westerners
_________
come
to
China
cook
much
less
than
in
their
own
countries
once
they
realize
how
cheap
it
can
be
to
eat
out.
?
(2)Mr
Liu
is
the
person
______________
you
talked
about
on
the
bus.
who/
that
whom/who/that
3.
whose既可指人又可指物,
在从句中修饰名词作定语。它可转化为“the+名词+
of
which/whom”和“of
which/whom
+the
+名词”的形式。
I
visited
a
scientist
whose
name
is
known
all
over
the
world.
=
I
visited
a
scientist
the
name
of
whom
is
known
all
over
the
world.
我拜访了一位全国知名的科学家。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
The
school
shop,
______
customers
are
mainly
students,
is
closed
for
the
holidays.
(2)句式升级。
Recently
I
have
bought
an
iPad
6
on
the
website
of
Taobao.
com.
Its
price
is
very
reasonable.
(合并为一个定语从句)
→Recently
I
have
bought
an
iPad
6
on
the
website
of
Taobao.
com
______
price
is
very
reasonable.
whose
whose
(3)同义句转换。
The
book
is
for
students
of
whom
the
native
language
is
not
English.
→The
book
is
for
students
____________________
is
not
English.
?
whose
native
language
二、关系副词的用法
关系副词
先行词
在从句中充当的成分
when
时间名词
时间状语
where
地点名词
地点状语
why
reason
原因状语
注意:
关系副词可以根据具体情况转化为“介词+which”的形式(why=for
which)。
That
was
at
a
time
when/during
which
there
were
no
radios,
no
telephones
or
no
TV
sets.
那是一个没有收音机,
没有电话,
也没有电视的时期。
Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
the
city
where/in
which
they
live.
他们生活的城市已经发生了巨大的变化。
Please
tell
me
the
reason
why/for
which
you
missed
the
plane.
请告诉我你误机的原因。
【即学活用】
用适当的关系词填空。
(1)She
showed
Tom
the
places
__________
meant
a
lot
to
her,
like
the
church
______
she
got
married.
(2)No
one
will
forget
the
day
_____
the
People’s
Republic
of
China
was
founded.
(3)The
reason
____
I
like
surfing
the
Internet
is
that
I
can
get
a
lot
of
information.
which/that
where
when
why
【名师点津】
注意不要一见到先行词为时间名词,
就以为一定要用关系副词when来引导定语从句,
要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分。如果在定语从句中用作时间状语,
就用when;
如果在定语从句中用作主语或宾语,
要用that,
which等。如:
Don’t
forget
the
time
(that/
which)
I’ve
told
you.
不要忘记我告诉你的时间。
三、“介词+关系代词(which/whom)”引导的定语从句
The
farm
on
which
I
once
worked
has
changed
greatly.
我工作过的农场已经发生了很大的变化。
There
are
sixty
students
in
our
class,
half
of
whom
are
girls.
我们班有60名学生,
其中一半是女生。
The
person
to
whom
I
spoke
just
now
is
my
Chinese
teacher.
刚才和我讲话的那个人是我的语文老师。
【名师点津】
(1)介词后的关系代词取决于先行词。如果先行词指物,
关系代词用which;
如果先行词指人,
关系代词则用whom。
(2)介词的选定可以依据先行词、依据从句中的动词或形容词、依据句意来确定。
【即学活用】同义句转换。
(1)He
is
a
person
whom
everyone
has
heard
of.
→He
is
a
person
________everyone
has
heard.
?
(2)It
is
an
invention.
He
is
very
proud
of
the
invention.
→It
is
an
invention
________he
is
very
proud.
?
of
whom
of
which
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
Do
you
still
remember
the
farm
______
we
worked
three
months
ago?
2.
Sales
director
is
a
position
______communication
ability
is
just
as
important
as
sales
skills.
3.
Do
you
know
the
date
_____
Lincoln
was
born?
4.
This
is
the
hotel
______
they
are
staying.
5.
They
came
to
a
house
______back
wall
had
broken
down.
6.
That
is
the
reason
____
he
is
leaving
so
soon.
where
where
when
where
whose
why
7.
In
the
dark
street,
there
wasn’t
a
single
person
__
whom
she
could
turn
for
help.
8.
He
built
a
telescope
_______
which
he
could
study
the
skies.
9.
I
didn’t
know
the
reason
___
which
he
came
late.
10.
Do
you
remember
the
day
on
______you
joined
our
club?
to
through
for
which
Ⅱ.
单句改错
1.
Happiness
and
success
often
come
to
those
which
are
good
at
recognizing
their
own
strengths.
___________
2.
This
is
the
new
cellphone
in
which
I
spent
all
my
money.
______
3.
The
student
in
that
all
of
the
teachers
took
great
pride
was
admitted
into
Beijing
University
last
year.
___________
which→who
in→on
that→whom
4.
I’ve
read
all
the
books
which
you
gave
me.
_____________________
5.
They
also
had
a
small
pond
which
they
raised
fish.
_______________
_____________
which→that/去掉which
在which前加in或
which→where
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
Let
me
show
you
the
novel
__________________________________.
?
我给你看看我从图书馆借的小说。
2.
Who
is
the
person
_______________________?
?
正站在门口的那个人是谁?
3.
This
is
the
same
pen
___________________.
?
这和我昨天买的那支钢笔一样。
that/which
I
borrowed
from
the
library
that
is
standing
at
the
gate
as
I
bought
yesterday
4.
I’ll
never
forget
the
day
______________________.
?
我永远不会忘记我们在一起学习的日子。
5.
This
is
the
best
film
__________________.
?
这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
that
I
have
ever
seen
when
we
studied
together
【语法主题应用】
运用本模块所学定语从句的相关知识翻译下面语段。
我今天早上在报纸上看到一则新闻,
警察抓住了一个偷了国家博物馆里展出的名画的人。这名身穿黑色衬衫和蓝色牛仔裤的男子在夜晚试图离开这座城市时被捕获。
According
to
a
newspaper
article
which/that
I
read
this
morning,
the
police
caught
a
man
who
had
stolen
the
famous
painting
which/that
had
been
exhibited
in
the
national
museum.
The
man
who
was
wearing
a
black
shirt
and
blue
jeans
was
caught
at
night
when
he
was
trying
to
leave
the
city.
?(共75张PPT)
Module
5 Great
People
and
Great
Inventions
of
Ancient
China
Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
用本模块词汇补全语境
1.
_____
rights
平等的权利
2.
historic
__________
历史的重要性
3.
__________
of
life
生命哲学
4.
appreciate
your
________
感激你的善良
5.
in
_____
有秩序地
6.
a
man
of
________
一个有原则的人
7.
get
a
great
capacity
for
____
获得巨大的爱的能力
8.
a
great
___________
伟大的哲学家
equal
importance
philosophy
kindness
order
principle
love
philosopher
9.
a
good
_______
优秀的思想家
10.
hold
an
important
_______
占据重要位置
11.
_____
the
importance
for
improved
employment
opportunities
强调改善就业机会的重要性
12.
______
his
position
辞去他的职位
13.
an
independent
legal
_______
独立的法律顾问
14.
an
_________
role
有影响的角色
thinker
position
stress
resign
adviser
influential
Ⅱ.
根据语境选择方框中适当的短语填空
be
at
war
with,
bring
up,
in
some
ways,
be
similar
to,
follow
my
advice,
be
famous
for,
as
a
result,
be
different
from,
believe
in,
agree
with
1.
During
the
Second
World
War,
Germany
______________almost
all
the
countries
in
Europe.
?
2.
Please
_______________and
stop
playing
the
video
games.
?
3.
About
one-fifth
of
the
freshmen
said
that
they
_______________in
small
towns.
?
4.
Their
house
___________ours,
but
ours
is
bigger.
?
was
at
war
with
follow
my
advice
were
brought
up
is
similar
to
5.
To
tell
you
the
truth,
I
quite
like
Jay’s
new
album
____________.
?
6.
Do
you
_________
him
about
this?
?
7.
He
defeated
all
competitors
and
won
the
scholarship
_________.
?
8.
His
parents
always
_________him,
and
encourage
him.
?
9.
The
customs
in
China
________________those
in
western
countries.
?
10.
Beijing
____________many
places
of
interest.
?
in
some
ways
agree
with
as
a
result
believe
in
are
different
from
is
famous
for
Ⅲ.
翻译课文原句并观察黑体部分
1.
For
many
years
he
travelled
from
state
to
state,
teaching
the
principles
of
Confucius.
他周游列国多年,
_______________。
2.
Mencius
believed
that
the
reason
why
man
is
different
from
animals
is
that
man
is
good.
孟子认为,
__________________________________。
3.
He
became
famous
for
his
unusual
clothes
and
behaviour.
_______________________________。
传授孔子的思想
人之所以不同于动物,
是因为人性本善
他因不同寻常的衣着和行为而出名
【词汇串记】
根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格。
1.
-ness常用于形容词后构成抽象名词,
表示该动作的概念或名称。
kind→kindness
善良
dark→________
黑暗
happy→_________
快乐
lonely→_________
孤独
2.
“at
+n.
”构成介词短语,
表示“正在进行”或“处于某种状态”,
在句中作定语
或表语。
at
war
处于战争中 at
_____处于和平中
at
_____
在手边,
在附近
at
_____在工作
darkness
happiness
loneliness
peace
hand
work
阅读精析·合作学习
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)_____
believed
that
people
are
more
important
than
rulers.
?
A.
Mencius B.
Mozi C.
Kings D.
Confucius
(2)_____
became
famous
for
his
unusual
clothes
and
behaviour.
?
A.
Confucius
B.
Mencius
C.
Mozi
D.
Ancient
people
(3)Mozi’s
idea
of
love
was
_____the
Confucian
idea
of
kindness.
?
A.
different
from
B.
the
same
as
C.
more
practical
than
D.
less
powerful
than
(4)From
the
passage
we
can
infer
that
_____.
?
A.
great
people
are
born
in
poor
families
B.
different
teachings
lead
to
war
C.
it
takes
time
before
a
belief
is
accepted
by
others
D.
Mencius
was
a
student
of
Confucius
答案:
(1)～(4)ACAC
2.
根据文章内容完成空格。
Philosophers
of
Ancient
China
Confucius
Confucius
is
the
1.
___________
whose
influence
has
been
greatest.
He
2.
_______
the
importance
of
3.
________,
duty
and
order
in
society.
Mencius
Mencius
was
a
4.
_______
whose
teachings
were
similar
to
those
of
Confucius.
He
believed
that
the
reason
5.
____
man
is
different
from
animals
is
that
man
is
6.
_____
and
people
were
more
7.
_________
than
rulers.
philosopher
stressed
kindness
thinker
why
good
important
Philosophers
of
Ancient
China
Mozi
Mozi
was
another
teacher
who
was
very
8.
_________.
His
beliefs
were
similar
to
Confucius’s
in
some
ways.
He
believed
all
men
were
9.
_____
and
we
should
10.
____
all
human
beings
and
look
after
those
11.
____
are
weaker
than
ourselves.
influential
equal
love
who
3.
运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。
译文:
他认为___________________,
憎恨对人民残暴的政权。
人民比统治者更重要
译文:
墨子告诫人们_______,
要照顾弱者。
要博爱
Task
3 阅读思维升华:
主题实践?
1.
结合课文主题,
回答下列问题。
(1)What
should
you
do
after
knowing
something
about
the
three
great
philosophers
and
their
thoughts?
________________________________________________________________
__________________________________?
Treasure
them
and
learn
from
these
ideas;
develop
the
Chinese
traditional
virtues—to
respect
teachers
and
elders.
(2)Read
the
following
statements
and
choose
the
idea
that
you
agree
with
most.
Write
one
or
two
sentences
explaining
why.
①All
human
beings
are
equal.
②Man
is
born
good.
③Treat
others
in
the
way
you
want
to
be
treated.
④People
are
more
important
than
rulers.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________
I
agree
with
the
statement
③
most.
If
you
want
other
people
to
be
kind
to
you,
you
must
be
kind
to
them.
It
is
mutual.
?
2.
根据提示,
运用本模块词汇与句型完成短文。
(1)在中国我们强调男女享有平等的权利。(stress,
equal)
(2)这对我们非常重要。(importance)
(3)女性的善良和仁爱使人依恋。(kindness,
love)
(4)她们会把房子保持得井井有条。(order)
(5)她们也能凭自己的本领得到有影响的职位。(influential,
position)
In
China
we
stress
that
men
and
women
have
equal
rights,
which
is
of
great
importance
to
us.
Women’s
kindness
and
love
attach
us
all
to
her
and
they
would
keep
the
house
in
good
order.
They
can
also
get
an
influential
position
on
the
strength
of
their
skills.
?
要点精研·探究学习
1.
equal
adj.
平等的,
相当的;
胜任的v.
等于;
比得上n.
和自己相当的人或物
All
human
beings
are
equal.
人人平等。
The
teacher
is
very
popular
because
he
treats
the
students
as
equals.
这位老师很受欢迎,
因为他平等地对待学生们。
He
is
equal
to
doing
this
task.
他能胜任这项任务。
Though
he
is
equal
to
them
in
height,
no
one
can
equal
him
in
playing
basketball.
尽管他和他们的身高相同,
但在打篮球方面无人能与他匹敌。
【导图理词】
【链高考·明考向】
(2020·江苏高考)In
my
experience,
most
people
think
they
have
a
sense
of
humor,
and
to
some
degree
that’s
true.
But
not
all
senses
of
humor
are
created
equal.
根据我的经验,
大多数人都认为他们有幽默感,
在某种程度上这是真的。但并非所有的幽默感都是平等的。
【即学活用】
(1)用equal的适当形式填空。
①This
job
could
be
done
_______
well
by
a
computer.
②Women
have
yet
to
achieve
full
_______
with
men
in
the
workplace.
(2)No
one
____________________.
?
没有谁的力气比得上他。
(3)He
________________
of
running
a
large
company.
?
他能胜任管理一家大公司的任务。
equally
equality
equals
him
in
strength
is
equal
to
the
task
2.
stress
vt.
强调;
施压于;
使紧张n.
强调;
压力
He
stressed
the
importance
of
kindness,
duty
and
order
in
society.
他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。
She
places
great
stress
on
proper
behavior.
她很强调行为端正。
China
has
stressed
the
importance
of
its
ties
with
developing
countries.
中国强调了与发展中国家之间关系的重要性。
【导图理词】
【链高考·明考向】
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It
turns
out
that
just
looking
at
green,
growing
things
can
reduce
stress,
lower
blood
pressure,
and
put
people
into
a
better
mood.
结果证明观看绿色、成长的事物可以减少压力、降低血压,
使人们心情更好。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①Things
can
easily
go
wrong
when
people
are
______
stress.
②When
I
was
a
child,
my
mother
put
great
stress
________
my
proper
behavior.
③She
finds
her
new
job
very
________(stress)
but
she
will
never
give
it
up.
under
on/upon
stressful
(2)一句多译。
老师经常强调勤奋在通往成功之路上的重要性。(stress)
→Teachers
often
_____________________
diligence
in
the
approach
to
success.
?
→Teachers
often
______________
diligence
in
the
approach
to
success.
?
stress
the
importance
of
lay/put
stress
on
3.
order
n.
秩序,
次序;
命令;
定购;
订单v.
命令,
指令;
订购
Careful
people
usually
put
everything
in
good
order.
细心的人通常把每样东西都放得很整齐。
He
placed
an
order
for
a
new
car
for
his
son,
because
the
old
one
was
out
of
order.
他给儿子订购了一辆新车,
因为旧车出故障了。
The
police
ordered
them
to
wait
right
there.
警察命令他们待在那儿等着。
【导图理词】
【知识延伸】
order
sb.
to
to
sth.
“命令某人做某事”的结构也可以转化为order
that.
.
.
的宾语从句的结构。但一定要注意,
that从句中的谓语动词要使用“should
+动词原形”的形式,
should可以省略。
They
ordered
that
for
every
tree
cut
down,
two
more
(should)be
planted.
他们要求每砍伐一棵树就要补栽两棵。
【小词汇·大文化】
Understand
yourself
in
order
to
better
understand
others.
知己方能解人。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①We’ve
_______
(order)a
taxi
to
pick
us
up
at
ten.
②I’d
like
to
place
an
order
___
some
tea
____
your
company
in
the
coming
week.
(2)The
old
man
ordered
the
rude
young
man
_____out.
?
老人命令那位粗鲁的年轻人出去。
ordered
for
with
to
go
(3)All
the
things
in
the
room
were
___________,
but
she
quickly
put
them
_______.
?
房间里所有的东西都杂乱无序,
可她很快就将它们收拾得井井有条了。
out
of
order
in
order
4.
bring
up
教育;
抚养;
提出;
呕吐
His
father
died
when
he
was
young,
and
he
was
brought
up
by
his
mother.
他小时候他父亲就去世了,
他的母亲把他抚养长大。
The
greatest
thing
you
can
do
is
to
bring
up
your
children
to
become
loving
and
responsible
citizens.
将你的孩子抚养成为有爱心、负责任的公民是你能做的最伟大的事情。
This
isn’t
the
first
time
that
kono
has
brought
up
the
matter.
这并非河野首次提出这个问题。
He
brought
up
all
his
dinner.
他把晚饭全都吐出来了。
【导图理词】bring相关短语
【即学活用】
(1)写出下列句中bring
up的含义。
①Why
did
you
have
to
bring
up
the
subject
of
money?
_____
②All
of
our
kids
were
brought
up
to
respect
other
people.
_____
③The
boy,
though
brought
up
in
the
countryside,
has
a
strong
interest
in
the
colorful
city
life.
_____
提出
教育
养育
(2)用适当的介词或副词填空。
①
Science
has
brought
_____
many
changes
in
our
lives.
②She
brought
___
a
new
suggestion
at
the
meeting.
③The
government
hopes
these
measures
will
help
to
bring
_____
the
price
of
houses.
about
up
down
5.
Treat
others
in
the
way
you
want
to
be
treated.
?
己所不欲,
勿施于人。
【句式解构】
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Whatever
you’re
looking
for,
color
is
the
key
to
making
a
room
feel
the
way
you
want
it
to
feel.
不管你在寻找什么,
颜色是使一个房间让你感觉随意的关键。
I
don’t
like
the
way
(that/in
which)
you
laugh
at
her.
我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。
I
like
the
way
which/that
were
taught
by
our
teacher.
我喜欢我们老师教的方法。
【名师点津】先行词the
way的关系代词
(1)先行词是the
way
(方式,
方法),
后面的定语从句中缺少状语时,
定语从句可用in
which或that引导,
也可省略关系代词。
(2)先行词是the
way,
后面的定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时,
定语从句用关系代词that或which引导,
缺少宾语时,
可省略关系代词。
【即学活用】
(1)I
like
the
way
_________________
he
teaches
us
English.
?
我喜欢他教我们英语的方式。
(2)I
mastered
the
way
______________
he
told
me.
我掌握了他告诉我的方法。
that
/
in
which/省略
that/which/省略
(3)改错
①This
is
the
way
in
which
helps
us
a
lot.
(
)
②The
way
in
that
she
spoke
to
us
was
unfriendly.
(
)
去掉in
that→which或去掉in
6.
But
it
was
also
a
time
when
there
were
many
great
philosophers.
但那也是一个产生了许多伟大哲学家的时期。?
【句式解构】
句中的time表示“一段时间”,
其后接when引导的定语从句。when在从句中作时间状语,
相当于during
which。
There
was
a
time
when
I
would
have
responded,
but
nothing
good
ever
seemed
to
come
of
that.
曾有一段时间我有求必应,
但是没发现啥好处。
We
all
remember
the
time
when
we
lived
in
the
countryside.
我们都记得我们生活在农村的那段时光。
【词块积累】
需要掌握的time句型:
(1)There
is/was
a
time
when.
.
.
有一段时间……
(2)It/This/That
is
the
first/second.
.
.
/last
time
that
sb.
have/has
done.
.
.
这是某人第几次做……
(3)It/This/That
was
the
first/second.
.
.
/
last
time
that
sb.
had
done.
.
.
这是某人第几次做……
(4)It
is
(high)time
that.
.
.
(that从句中动词用should
do或一般过去时)
到了……的时候了
(5)It
is
time
for
sb.
to
do
sth.
该某人做某事了
【即学活用】
(1)用when或that填空。
①It
is
high
time
____
we
should
make
a
decision.
②Is
there
a
time
_____
the
conference
room
is
free?
(2)改错。
①It
is
the
second
time
that
he
had
been
to
China.
(
)
②That
was
the
first
time
when
I
had
made
a
speech.
(
)
that
when
had→has
when→that
7.
Mencius
believed
that
the
reason
why
man
is
different
from
animals
is
that
man
is
good.
?
孟子认为,
人之所以不同于动物,
是因为人性本善。
【句式解构】
(1)此句是复合句,
believed后面是that引导的宾语从句,
宾语从句中使用了“the
reason
why.
.
.
is
that.
.
.
”的句式,
表示“……的原因就是……”。
(2)在the
reason
why.
.
.
is
that.
.
.
句式中,
why相当于for
which,
引导定语从句,
修饰the
reason,
that引导表语从句。that不可以换作because。
The
reason
why/
for
which
he
came
late
was
that
he
didn’t
catch
the
early
bus.
他来晚的原因是他没赶上早班车。
The
reason
why/
for
which
you
can
get
the
first
place
is
that
you
have
been
working
hard
this
term.
你能得第一名的原因是这学期你一直在努力学习。
【名师点津】
在定语从句中,
如果reason是先行词,
后面的定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时,
用which/that引导定语从句,
作宾语时常省略关系代词。
I
believe
the
reason
(that/which)
he
told
me
for
his
failure.
我相信他告诉我的他失败的理由。
【即学活用】
(1)
____________________________________________________
he
was
stuck
in
the
traffic
jam.
?
他会议迟到的原因是遇上堵车了。
(2)用why,
that或which填空。
①I
would
like
to
know
the
reason
____
he
didn’t
accept
the
job.
②I
don’t
believe
the
reason
__________
he
has
given
us
for
his
being
late.
The
reason
why/for
which
he
was
late
for
the
meeting
is
that
why
which/that
(3)改错。
The
reason
why
she
did
it
is
because
she
wouldn’t
let
her
parents
feel
disappointed.
(
)
because→that
【要点拾遗】
1.
be
at
war
with 与……交战
Ancient
China
was
a
place
where
states
were
often
at
war
with
each
other.
古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。
The
two
countries
have
been
at
war
for
many
years.
People
there
are
suffering
a
lot.
两国交战多年,
那里的人民苦难深重。
The
king
declared/
made
war
on
his
neighbour.
国王向他的邻国宣战。
【导图理词】
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①The
country
has
been
__
war
with
its
neighbour
for
two
years.
②People
have
made
war
___
their
neighbours
throughout
history.
(2)Germany
and
Italy
______________the
USA
in
1941.
?
1941年德国和意大利对美国宣战。
at
on
declared
war
on
(3)The
two
countries
used
to
be
______,
but
now
they
are
_______.
?
那两个国家过去曾处于交战状态,
但现在它们已经和平共处了。
(4)The
children
were
______
while
their
parents
were
_______.
?
孩子们在做游戏,
而他们的父母在吃午饭。
at
war
at
peace
at
play
at
lunch
2.
principle
n.
原则;
准则
(2018·江苏高考)Time
is
money,
but
that
principle
means
different
things
for
different
types
of
restaurants.
时间就是金钱,
但是这一原则对不同类型的餐馆意义不同。
The
details
are
not
clear.
But
in
principle
a
deal
is
possible.
详情尚不清楚,
但理论上还是可以达成协议的。
I
refuse
to
buy
imported
organic
goods
on
principle.
我有自己的原则,
不买进口有机商品。
Anyway,
I
can’t
cheat
him—it’s
against
my
principles.
无论如何,
我不能骗他——这违反我的原则。
【词块积累】
in
principle
原则上;
理论上
on
principle
按照原则
stick
to
a
principle
坚持原则;
遵循原则
against
one’s
principles
违背某人的原则
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①__
principle,
there
is
nothing
that
a
human
can
do
that
a
machine
might
not
be
able
to
do
one
day.
②He
dealt
with
the
problem
___
principle.
③We
stick
__
the
principle
that
everyone
should
be
treated
fairly.
(2)They
are
agreed
in
principle
but
not
in
detail.
译:
________________________________________________。
In
on
to
他们的看法在大体上是一致的,
但是在细节上有所不同
3.
influential
adj.
有影响的
Mozi
was
also
a
very
influential
philosopher.
墨子也是一位极具影响力的哲学家。
He
was
influential
in
shaping
economic
policy.
他在制定经济政策方面很有影响力。
He
is
an
influential
figure
in
early
20th
century.
他是一位在二十世纪初具有影响力的人物。
He
had
a
major
influence
on
the
development
of
modern
painting.
他对现代绘画的发展有着重大的影响。
【导图理词】
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①More
drivers
are
killed
______
the
influence
of
drugs
than
alcohol.
②Change
of
climate
must
have
had
a
powerful
influence
___
animals.
③These
facts
are
_________
(influence)
in
solving
this
problem.
(2)A
great
friend
____________________
us.
?
好的朋友对我们有好的影响。
under
on
influential
has
a
good
influence
on
【拓视野·观天下】
1.
The
provincial
government
has
asked
all
departments,
organizations,
groups
and
individuals
in
Guangdong
to
strictly
abide
by
relevant
laws,
regulations
and
rules
in
the
fight
against
COVID-19
and
treat
both
locals
and
foreigners
equally.
省政府要求广东省各部门、各组织、各团体以及个人在抗击新冠肺炎疫情期间严格遵守有关法律、法规和规章,
平等对待当地居民和外国人。
2.
Li
Ziqi
said,
“Most
people
today
are
facing
tremendous
stress
in
work
and
life,
so
I
hope
they
can
feel
relieved
and
remedied
when
watching
my
videos.
”
李子柒说,
“现在大多数人在工作和生活中都面临着巨大的压力,
所以我希望他们能在看我的视频时感到放松和治愈。”
3.
United
Nations
Secretary-General
Antonio
Guterres
delivered
a
speech
saying
“we
must
declare
war
on
this
virus”
and
he
called
on
governments
to
cooperate
in
order
to
“ensure
targeted
support
for
the
people
and
communities
most
affected
by
the
disease”.
联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯发表讲话,
称“我们必须向这种病毒宣战”,
他呼吁各国政府进行合作,
以“确保对受这种疾病影响最严重的人民和社区提供有针对性的支持”。
4.
Cultural
heritage
enthusiasts
finally
received
a
long-expected
“surprise”
on
the
eve
of
the
Labor
Day
holiday.
The
Palace
Museum,
or
the
Forbidden
City,
announced
on
Wednesday
night
that
it
will
“gradually
reopen
in
good
order”
starting
Friday
after
having
closed
its
doors
for
over
three
months
due
to
COVID-19.
文化遗产爱好者终于在五一假期前夕收到了期待已久的“惊喜”。故宫博物院(紫禁城)周三晚间宣布,
将从周五开始“逐步有序地重新开放”。此前,
故宫博物院因“新冠肺炎”关闭了3个多月。
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
They
are
fighting
for
the
_______
of
women,
because
they
think
they
should
be
treated
_______.
(equal)
2.
The
way
__________
he
told
us
was
quite
simple
to
work
out
the
problem.
3.
I’d
like
to
take
the
opportunity
to
put
stress
___
the
importance
of
education.
4.
The
manager
ordered
that
the
project
_________________(finish)
before
Friday.
?
equality
equally
that/which
on
(should)
be
finished
5.
The
reason
__________
she
gave
for
being
absent
from
class
was
____
the
heavy
snow
prevented
her
coming.
6.
How
long
do
you
think
the
two
countries
will
be
__
war
with
each
other?
7.
As
we
all
know,
Confucius
is
one
of
the
most
_________
(influence)
philosophers
in
China.
8.
The
twins
were
separated
at
birth
and
brought
___
in
entirely
different
environments.
that/which
that
at
influential
up
9.
It
was
a
time
_____
all
the
children
were
expected
to
study
hard.
10.
Tom
is
similar
__
height
__
Peter
though
they
are
of
different
ages.
when
in
to
Ⅱ.
选词填空
be
similar
to,
be
at
war
with,
bring
up,
have
an
influence
on,
follow
one’s
advice,
stress
the
importance
of,
be
equal
to
1.
“I
believe
there
is
no
need
for
Iran
to
_____________
the
U.
S.
forever.
”
he
said.
?
2.
Her
dress
__
very
_________mine
in
color.
?
3.
Bill
was
born
in
Canada
but
______________in
America.
?
4.
They
took
my
suggestions
to
heart
and
_________________.
?
be
at
war
with
is
similar
to
was
brought
up
followed
my
advice
5.
Though
in
the
green,
he
may
not
__________the
task.
?
6.
What
our
teacher
said
_________________my
future.
?
7.
Here
the
speaker
will
_____________________mathematics
to
the
whole
of
science.
?
be
equal
to
had
an
influence
on
stress
the
importance
of
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
______________the
match
was
put
off
________it
was
raining
hard.
?
比赛推迟的原因是正在下大雨。
2.
I
don’t
like
____________________you
speak
to
your
parents.
?
我不喜欢你和你父母说话的方式。
3.
________________women
were
not
allowed
to
go
to
school.
?
在那个时期,
不允许女性上学。
The
reason
why
was
that
the
way
(that/in
which)
It
was
a
time
when
4.
This
is
the
woman
scientist
___________________
all
over
the
country.
?
这是那位全国闻名的女科学家。
5.
___________
the
Financial
Times,
Huawei
plans
to
launch
a
self-driving
car
as
early
as
2021.
?
华为向金融时报说,
计划最早于2021年推出自动驾驶汽车。
whose
name
is
known
Speaking
to
Ⅳ.
课文语法填空
Ancient
China
was
a
place
where
states
were
often
1.
__
war
with
each
other.
There
were
three
2.
_______
(great)
philosophers:
Confucius,
Mencius
and
Mozi.
Confucius,
3.
____
was
born
in
551
BC
and
died
in
479
BC,
4.
_______
(stress)
the
importance
of
kindness,
duty
and
order
in
society.
Chinese
society
5.
_____________
(influence)
by
these
ideas
for
more
than
2,
000
years.
?
at
greatest
who
stressed
was
influenced
Mencius’s
teachings
were
very
similar
to
6.
_____
of
Confucius.
He
believed
that
the
reason
why
man
is
different
from
animals
is
7.
____
man
is
good.
Mozi
was
also
an
influential
philosopher.
Mozi
believed
that
all
men
were
8.
_____
(equally).
9.
_________________
(differ)
from
Confucius,
he
taught
that
we
should
love
all
human
beings
and
look
after
those
who
are
10.
_______
(weak)
than
ourselves.
Mozi
founded
Mohism.
those
that
equal
Differing/Different
weaker
