Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks. Section A 讲义 （含答案）

学生姓名
班级
辅导学科
英语
上课时间
课次
第 次课
授课主题
I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
Section A
教学重点
八下Unit 2 Section A重点词汇和短语的应用
教学难点
动词短语区分
本次课教案：
【温故知新】
1.看见某人正在做某事__________ 2.冒险_____________
3.用尽____________ 4.切除____________
5.继续或坚持做某事__________ 6.放弃____________
7.习惯于做某事____________ 8.准备做某事_____________
9.做决定_____________ 10.对……感兴趣____________
考点一：You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。（P9）
【考点梳理】help v.帮助 → helpful adj. 有帮助的；有益的
1. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事。
Please help me lift the box.
2. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事。
Could you please help me with my homework?
3. help oneself ( to )自用（食物等）。
Help yourselves to some beef, boys.
4. with the help of 在……帮助下。
With the help of Nicole, I finally finished my homework.
5. can’t help doing 情不自禁做....
We?can't?help?laughing?nearly?all?the?time when?we?are together.
【小试牛刀】
( ) 1. — Mary is so ________. — She comes to you whenever you’re in trouble.
A. useful B. careful C. thankful D. helpful
( ) 2. The woman ___all of her money to charities____ the poor.
A. gave off, to help B. gave up, helping C. gave away, to help D. gave, helping
【考点梳理】could的用法
1. 表示能力：此时could是can的过去式。此时，肯定回答用could, 否定回答用couldn’t.
He could speak English when he was four.
— Could he speak English when he was four?
— Yes, he could. / No, he couldn’t.
2. 表示请求、要求：
（1）此时could并不表示过去，只是表示委婉、客气的语气。 没有人称和数的变化，其后跟动词原形。
Could you give me a hand?
You could try your best to help the old people.
（2）当could表示请求，以could开头的一般疑问句：
肯定回答用Sure / Certainly/ All right 等；否定回答用Sorry/ Sorry, I can’t等。
— Could you please tell me how to get there?
— Sure. / Sorry, I don’t know the way.
【小试牛刀】
( ) 3.—It's too hot. _________ I swim in the lake?
—No, you ________. That's too dangerous!
A. Should; can't B. Need; mustn't C.Must; needn't D. Could; can't
【考点梳理】clean up 把……打扫干净（v. + adv.）
The classroom is dirty. Please clean it up.
( ) 4. If everyone pours less polluted water into Dianchi Lake, it will be _____.
A. deeper and deeper B. cleaner and cleaner C. dirtier and dirtier D. wider and wider
考点二：The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. （P9）
女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们，让他们振作起来。
【考点辨析】sick, ill
1. sick adj.“生病的”，既可放在系动词后作表语，也可放名词前作定语。
be sick of …“讨厌；厌恶……” sick person = patient “病人”
Please take care of the silk boy.
When she got up, she felt a little sick and took some medicine.
2. ill adj.“生病的”，只能放在系动词后作表语。 ill → illness n.“病；疾病”
You look very tired. You must be sick. (= ill)
I think her illness is very serious.
【小试牛刀】
( )1. The ___ girl was sent to hospital by her mother yesterday.
A. sick B. ill C. good D. well
【考点梳理】cheer up 使振奋，使高兴的（v. +adv）
cheer sb. up =make sb. happy 使某人高兴
The good news cheered us up. 这个好消息使我们高兴了起来。
【小试牛刀】
( ) 2. You could visit _____ children in the hospital and _____them______.
A. ill; set; up B. sick; clean; up C. sick; cheer; up D. ill; put; up
( ) 3. He looks sad. Let’s _____ him_____.
A. cheer; up B. put; up C. set; up D. call; up
考点三：The boy could give out food at the food bank. 男孩可以在食物站分发食物。（P9）
【考点梳理】give out =hand out分发(v. +adv) give out sth. to sb. 分….给某人
The books are interesting. Please give them out to the children.
【短语积累】与give相关的短语
give in 屈服 give back=return 归还 give a speech 发表 give sb. a call 给……打电话
give away 赠送 give sb. a hand =help sb. 帮助某人 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
【小试牛刀】
( ) 1. You shouldn’t ________ your hope. Everything will be better.
A. give up B. fix up C. cheer up D. put up
( ) 2. We have raised some books. We’ll _________ to the poor children.
A. put them up B. give they away C. give them away D. put out them
考点四：Let’s make some notices, too. 让我们也做一些公告牌吧。（P10）
【考点梳理】notice在课文中作可数名词，意为“公告牌；布告”。
There is a notice on the wall, saying “No Parking”.
I’ll put up a notice about the meeting.
【考点拓展】
1. notice作不可数名词，意为“注意”。
Take notice of what they say. 注意听他们说。
2. notice作动词，意为“注意到，留心，看到”。
（1）notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做了某事，强调动作已经完成。
Did you notice Jack come in?
I noticed him leave the school.
（2）notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事。
I notice Mr. Wang entering his office.
（3）be noticed to do sth. 被注意到做了某事。
He was noticed to enter the office.
【小试牛刀】
( ) I noticed him ____ a box when I was reading a book.
A. to carry B. carry C. carrying D. carried
考点五：We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean -up Day. （P10）
我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划。
【考点梳理】come up with = think up 想出 catch up with? 赶上 追上
【短语辨析】think about考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑
【小试牛刀】翻译
我最终想出了一个好点子。
_________________________________________________
考点六：They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.（P10）
他们给我讲过去的故事，并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的。
【考点梳理】 use v.使用 → useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完
1. use sth to do sth. 用某物做某事
We use Internet to find information.
2. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。
My mom used to go to work by bus.
3. be used to do sth. 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth.
Wood can be used to make desks and chairs.
= Wood can be used for making desks and chairs.
4. be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
My grandpa is used to living in country.
【小试牛刀】
1. Studying English is____________(use).
2. My mother used______________（tell）us story when we were young.
3. Stamps are used _______________(post) letters.
( )4. He used to ____short and ____ short hair when he was young.
A. have; be B. be; have C. be; be D. have; have
( )5. My brother used to _____ up late, but now he is used to ___ up early.
A. get ;get B. getting; get C. get; getting D. getting; getting
( )6. Keys are used ___ the door.
A. to open B. to opening C. open D. opening
( )7. My parents getting up early on weekdays.
A. used to B. be used to C. was used to D. are used to
考点七：That sounds interesting. 那听起来挺有趣。（P10）
【考点梳理】sound的用法
1. 作动词：听起来。其后加表语。
It sounds beautiful.
2. 作名词：声音。
We heard a strange sound.
【考点辨析】sound, noise, voice
1. sound指自然界中所有的声音，可指悦耳的声音也可指噪音。
I heard the sound of running water.
2. noise一般指很响的，刺耳的声音，即喧闹，嘈杂声等。
We're?used to?the?noise?from?the?traffic?now.?
3. voice指人通过发音器官发出的声音（包括说话，唱歌等）。
Mary has a beautiful voice.
【小试牛刀】
( ) 1. Don't make a ________. Mum is sleeping.
A. voice B. noise C. sound
( ) 2. —Do you know the song Gangnam Style?
—Of course. It ________ interesting.
A. tastes B. smells C. sounds D. feels
考点八：Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。（P10）
【考点辨析】lonely, alone
1. lonely adj.
（1）指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受：I never feel lonely because I have many friends here.
（2）也可指某个地方是荒凉的：He went to the lonely mountain village.
2. alone = by oneself adj.& adv. “单独的/地；独自的/地”，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感彩。
I like reading alone.
He is alone there.= He is there by himself.
【小试牛刀】
( ) 1. The old man lives ___，but he never feels ____.
A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely
( ) 2. My little sister is afraid to stay at home alone.(同义词)
A. quietly B. lonely C. all the time D. by herself
( ) 3. His grandparents live ____ in a small house, but they don’t feel _______.
A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone
( ) 4. My old neighbor Charles felt _______ after his children moved out.
A. lonely B. safely C. angrily D. happily
考点九：We should listen to them and care for them . 我们应该倾听他们说话并且关心他们。（P10）
【考点辨析】care for, care about
1. care for照顾，关心，喜欢，表示照料、关心某人时，常用于肯定句；
表示喜欢某人/物时，常用于否定句或疑问句。
I hope all the students in our class will care for each other.我希望我们班上的所有同学都互相关心。
I don't care for tea.我不喜欢喝茶。
2. care about关心，计较，在乎，指由于某事重要或因责任所在而关心、计较，一般用于否定句。
He doesn't care about his clothes.他不在乎衣着。
【短语拓展】care的短语总结
take care = be careful v.当心，小心
take care of = look after v.照顾，照料，照看
【小试牛刀】
( ) Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go. I need to ______ my baby at home.
A. take away B. take off C. take care of D. take out of
考点十：Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others. 来自河畔高中的马里奥。格林和玛丽每周都会花几个小时去帮助别人。（P11）
【考点梳理】give up 放弃 give up doing sth放弃做某事
He never?gives up easily.
Mother has told him to?give up?smoking many times.
【考点梳理】several?可作定语修饰可数名词复数，表示“几个”：?= a few
??? Several?boys?were?injured.?有几个小伙子伤了。??????
【小试牛刀】
( ) 1. I find it too difficult to learn English well. I want to drop it.（同义词）
A. give up it B. give it up C. give away it D. give it away
( ) 2. — It's too hard for me to be a dancer. — Never ________. Believe in yourself!
A. put up B. give up C. hurry up D. look up
考点十一：He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. （P11）
他每周六早上在动物医院做志愿者。
【考点梳理】 volunteer v.志愿 n.志愿者 volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事
She?hopes?more?people will?volunteer?to?help?children.
【小试牛刀】
1. Jack volunteered _________________(carry) the water.
2. They often ___________________(志愿去教) the children.
考点十二：Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.（P11）
去年，她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。
【考点梳理】try out 尝试；实验 try v. 试图，设法，努力
【考点拓展】
1. try on 试穿
I'd like to?try?on?this?pair of?shoes.
2. try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】 try one’s best to do sth尽某人最大努力做某事
We?should?try?to?save?water.?
3. try doing sth 试图/尝试做某事 【侧重尝试做】
You should try skiing. It’s so exciting.
【小试牛刀】
1. We should __________________(尽最大努力)to be happy in the future.
( ) 2. We should try _____________ more fruit.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats
考点十三：Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.（P11）
对于我来说，在这里做志愿工作使我梦想成真。
【考点辨析】 achieve, come true 实现
词条
是否接宾语
用法
achieve
是
主语一般为“人”
come true
否
主语一般是“梦想；理想”
【小试牛刀】
1. We want to see young people ___________________________(实现他们的梦想)。
2. ______________________(实现) your dream through great effort is really cool.
( )3. If we work hard, our dreams will ______ .
A. come out B. come true C. achieve
考点十四：However, few people think about what they can do to help others.（P12）
然而，很少有人会考虑他们能做些什么来帮助他人。
【考点辨析?】however,?but?? 但是, 然而
1. but是并列名词，连接两个并列分句，上下二句在总的意义上构成了对比。but之后一般不用逗号。??
I?really?don't?like?cheese,?but?I?will?try?just?a?little?this?time.
2. however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，用逗号与句子其它部分分开。。??
It?was?raining?hard.?However,?we?went?out?to?look?for?the?boy.?
【小试牛刀】
( ) 1. She was happy, ______ I was sad.
A. and B. but C. however
( ) 2. You will be lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. ______, this does not always happen.
A. So B. However C. But
【考点辨析?】few/ a few/ little/ a little
词条
含义
修饰的名词的数
例句
few
几乎没有（表否定含义）
可数名词复数
They know few of us.
a few
一些（表肯定含义）
He made a few mistakes
little
几乎没有（表否定含义）
不可数名词
I spend very little on food
a little
一些（表肯定含义）
I know a little about the story
?
The man has been here for many years, so he has a few friends.
I am a new comer here, so I have few friends here.
There is a little water in the glass.
There is little water in the glass, so you can’t drink any.
【小试牛刀】
( ) 3.— There used to be lots of fish in the lake. — Yes, but there are very _____ now.
A. few B. fewer C. little D. less
( ) 4.The girl in purple is new here, so ___ people know her.
A. few B. a few C. a little D. little
大显身手
( )1. Your room is a real mess. Would you please _________?
A. clean up B. clean it up C. clean up it D. clean out it
( )2. You’d better ______off ______a decision.
A. don’t put, to make B. don’t put, making
C. not put, making D. not to put, making
( )3. They plan to ________a food bank to help homeless people.
A. set off B. set out C. set in D. set up
( )4. You can ______some signs to tell people about it.
A. put on B. put up C. put off D. put away
( )5. Can you _______a solution to the problem?
A. think over B. think of C. think about D. think up
( )6. Jack ________write e-mails to his friends.
A. used to B. was used to C. is used to D. has used to
( )7. She made a decision _________for a volunteer after-school program.
A. trying out B. handing out C. to try out D. to hand out
( )8. — Would you please help me _______, Wang Fei? This question is too hard for me．
— OK. Let me try．
A. after B. up C. out D. with
( )9. The old man lives _______, but he doesn’t feel _______.
A. alone; alone B. lonely; lonely C. lonely; alone D. alone; lonely
( )10.—I have _______ red ink．Can you lend me some?
—Sure. Here you are．
A. paid for B. come up with C. cleaned up D. run out of
阅读理解
I started to study English when I was a child because of Michael Jackson. He has been my idol (偶像) since 1991. I really wanted to understand him and his music. I used to use a dictionary to learn the meanings of words of songs written by him.
There was a lot of work to do to learn English, but I never felt tired. At first I learned about pronunciation, which was the hardest part for me. Because music was my only source (来源) of spoken English, sometimes I had to use a pronunciation dictionary. Then I made lists of words in order to remember them and their meanings. I would spend hours learning English grammar. What’s more, I read a lot. I also tried to translate texts, dialogues and songs.
Because of my hard work, my English improved a lot. In the end, I entered a college and had a great chance to further improve my English. Now I am an English teacher. And I am still making progress in English.
( ) 1. The author started to study English to ____.
A. enter a college B. be an English teacher
C. sing English songs D. know about Michael Jackson and his music
( ) 2. What was the most difficult thing for the author when he was studying English?
A. Listening. B. Pronunciation.
C. Reading. D. Grammar.
( ) 3. Which way of learning English is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Listening to music. B. Joining an English club.
C. Translating texts, dialogues and songs. D. Reading a lot.
( ) 4. From the passage, we know that the author is ____.
A. hard-working B. lazy C. sad D. lonely
( ) 5. The author mainly wants to talk about _____.
A. Michael Jackson and his music B. the importance of learning English
C. his experience in learning English D. ways to remember words





HOMEWORK
I. 英汉互译。
1. 打扫干净____________________ 2. cheer up____________________
3. used to do sth. ____________________ 4. make a difference ____________________
5. come up with ____________________ 6. 用光，用完____________________
7. put off____________________ 8. 帮助某人做某事____________________
9. give up ____________________ 10. 张贴____________________
II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。
1. The old man lived a______________ after his wife died. He felt very lonely.
2. My younger sister looks very sad. Let’s go and c______________ her up.
3. My uncle has a large house and he is the o______________ of the house.
4. They held a concert to r______________ money for Project Hope.
5. She wants to he a ______________(志愿者).
6. There are ______________(几个) girls in the room. They are talking about the vacation plans.
7. They have a strong feeling of ______________(满足).
III. 补全对话。
A: Hey, Frank, 1.________________________?
B: Pretty good.
A: Did you have fun last weekend?
B: 2. _____________________. I went to the old people’s house with my friends and have a good time
A: Wow, What did you do there?
B: We helped the old clean their houses and chatted with them. How about you?
A: I just read a science magazine.
B: Oh, really? 3. ____________________________?
A: Hum… it is about the main cause of smog (雾霭) and ways to beat it.
B：Great! But 4. _____________________ ?
A: We can live a greener life by using cleaner energy to solve the problem, I think. B: You do?
A: Yes, natural gas is a good choice. By the way，5. ____________________________?
B: It’s 7:45 now.
A: Oh, God. Hurry up or we’ll be late.
B: OK.
每日记背
一、词性转换
1. volunteer → (v.) volunteer 2. notice → (n.) notice 3. strong→ (adv.) strongly
二、短语归纳
1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old people’s home 养老院
3. help out with sth.帮助解决困难 4. used to 曾经… … ；过去
5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情
7. at the age of 在......岁时 8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀 10. give out 分发;散发
11. come up with 想出；提出 12. make a plan 制订计划
13. make some notices做些公告牌 14. try out 试用;试行
15. work for 为…工作/效力 16. put up 建造;举起;张贴
17. hand out 分发;散发;发给 18. call up 打电话;召集
19. put off 推迟;延迟 20. for example 比如；例如
三、句型集萃
1. need to do sth. 需要去做某事
2. make plans to do sth. 计划做某事
3. ask sb. (not) to do sth.
4. 要求某人（不要）做某事
5. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
八下Unit 2 Section A 答案
温故知新
1.see sb. doing sth. 2. take a risk 3. run out
4.cut off 5. keep on doing sth. 6. give up 7. get/be used to doing sth.
8. be ready to do sth. 9. made a decision 10. be interested in
考点一：DCDB 考点二：A C A 考点三：A C 考点四：C
考点五：I came up with a good idea at last. 考点六： useful; to tell; to post; B C A D
考点七： B C 考点八： A D B A 考点九：C 考点十：B B
考点十一：to carry; volunteer to teach 考点十二： try our best; B
考点十三：realize their dreams; Realizing; B 考点十四：B B A A
阅读理解 D????B????B????A????C
单选 1-5 BCDBD 6-10 ACCDD
I. 英汉互译。
1. clean up 2. 变得高兴；振奋起来 3. 过去常常做某事 4. 影响；有作用
5. 想出 6. run out of 7. 推迟 8. help sb. (to) do sth. 9. 放弃 10. put up
II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。
1. alone 2. cheer 3. owner 4. raise 5. volunteer 6. several 7. satisfaction
III. 补全对话。
1. How is it going?
2. Yes, we did.
3. What is it about?
4. How to live a greener life? / How can we live a greener life?
5. What time is it now? / What’s the time now?