(共164张PPT)
探讨内容
2011年高考英语试题分析及启示
高三英语课教学及高考备考
普通高中英语课程标准
全国考试大纲
山东考试说明
山东高考英语试题
基本理念
(一)重视共同基础,构建发展平台
(二)提供多种选择,适应个性需求
(三)优化学习方式,提高自主学习能力
(四)关注学生情感,提高人文素养
(五)完善评价体系,促进学生不断发展
新课程目标结构图
2011年高考试题简析
紧扣考试大纲,稳定中求发展,试题难度不大
体现改革,注重基础,突出重点(44%--38%--180)
考查全面,注重语言综合运用能力的考查
难易度适当,较好地体现了试卷的选拔功能
英语试题词量统计
年度 听力 语法
词汇 完形
填空 阅读
理解 阅读
表达 总词
汇量
2008 1188 304 392 1742 385 4011
2009 1191 281 389 1775 354 3990
2010 1285 392 408 1913 378 4376
2011 1308 380 379 1966 324 4357
听力考点设置
年 份 理解主旨和要义 获取事实的
具体信息 对所听内容作出简单推断 理解说话者的意图、观点和态度
2011 2 14 3 1
2010 1 14 5 0
2009 0 13 5 2
2008 2 10 4 4
2007 1 13 4 2
2006 0 10 8 2
听力话题
年 份 第一节 第二节
Text 1 Text 2 Text 3 Text 4 Text 5 Text 6 Text 7 Text 8 Text 9 Text 10
2011 戏剧
评说 寻找
宾馆 相约
见面 出门
踏青 知恩
图报 同学
派对 假日
旅游 吸烟
有害 旅游
城市 智人
说梦
2010 周末
计划 T恤衫价格 周日
活动 银行营业时间 宾馆
服务 租房子 旅行
归来 电话
留言 交通
事故 校园
参观
2009 购物 住宿 邀请 活动 工作 确认
座位 购物 个人
经历 学校
生活 机场
趣事
2008 天气 人物 演员 论文 工作 照看
婴儿 空气
污染 旅行 借车 课程
2007 喝茶 接人 开会 购物 旅行 歌手 生日
礼物 找工作 新居
上班 语言
学习
2006 买票 登机 交通 送电脑 穿衣 打电话 住宾馆 工作 接待
访客 婴儿
学话
2002年听力5 题
When is the man checking in
A. Friday. B. Thursday. C. Tuesday.
W:Good morning. Can I help you
M: Yes. I’d a double room.
W: How many nights do you plan to stay with us
M: Three. I’ll be checking out Friday morning.
难度系数0.20
Which is the right gate for the man’s flight A. Gate 16. B. Gate 22. C. Gate 25. M: Excuse me, I just want to check the boarding gate
for BA 16 to London. Is it Gate 22
W: It’s just changed Gate 25. Down that way.
M: Thanks.
Where are the two speakers
4、教师上课时有意识多使用英语,尤其要学生讲
英语(抓好听说、读说、说写结合课)。
5、必须有方案、有重点、有指导、有检查。
防止“只听不讲,只听不析”的做法,听力训练
应认真备课。
6、克服第1小题现象的技巧和心理能力培养和训
练。
听力是我们的得分点,保障点。所以要高度重视听力,追求得分最大化。
语法和词汇考点项目分布
年份 时
态
语
态 非
谓
语
动
词 情
态
动
词 词
类
辨
析 冠
词 代
词 交
际
用
语 形
容
词
副
词 连
词 介
词 状
语
从
句 定
语
从
句 名
词
性
从
句 倒
装
句 固
定
句
式
08年 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
09年 2 1 0 4 0 1 2 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
10年 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
11年 2 1 0 2 1 1 2 0 1 1 0 1 2 0 1
近3年完形填空比较
2009年 2010年 2011年
题材主题 “空盒子”的
感恩情结 正确面对
失误 听音乐会的
经历
选材长度 309 320 295
设置空白 20 20 20
参考时间 15分钟 15分钟 15分钟
阅读速度 20.6个/分钟 21.33个/分钟 19.67个/分钟
体裁 夹叙夹议 夹叙夹议 记叙文
阅读理解部分词量统计
篇目 篇目总词量 短文词量 设题词量
09年 10年 11年 09年 10年 11年 09年 10年 11年
A 473 497 467 319 320 269 154 177 198
B 466 492 488 302 317 311 164 175 177
C 423 469 529 302 294 316 121 175 213
D 413 455 482 282 290 305 131 165 177
合计 1775 1913 1966 1205 1221 1201 570 692 765
阅读理解题目设计
年份 主旨意图 细节理解 归纳推理 猜测词义
2009年 4 11 4 1
2010年 2 13 4 1
2011年 3 14 3 0
启发和建议:
一、明确高考的阅读要求
要求考生读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取具体信息。考生应能:
(1)理解主旨和要义;
(2)理解文中具体信息
(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义;
(4)作出判断和推理;
(5)理解文段的基本结构;
(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
二、研究高考阅读理解的命题特点
研究命题方式(第一阶段不放松,第二阶段为重点,第三阶段要维持)
阅读表达近五年试题设计比较
07年 79写作
手法 78 分析概括 77 句子
填空 76英文
释义 80 翻译
句子
08年 76列举
信息 77 主旨 概括 79 句子
填空 79英文
释义 80 翻译
句子
09年 79列举
信息 76 分析 概括 78 句子
填空 77 英文
释义 80 翻译
句子
10年 79列举
信息 76 主旨
概括 78 句子
填空 77 英文
释义 80 翻译
句子
11年 78列举
信息 80 主旨概括 77 句子
填空 76 写作
手法 79 句义
归纳
启示和建议:
一、结合阅读理解强化学生通过阅读获取信息、处理信息的能力
如,概括段落及文章整体的主旨大意及标题,寻找主题句,确定文章主旨等。
如何确定文章和主题思想?考虑一下人们的写作和逻辑思维过程,这个问题就容易回答了。我们在写一篇短文时,总要分几个段落来写,而每一个段落都有自己的一个观点、论点或主旨。要阐述它,作者就必须展开他的观点或论点,一定要作补充、说明、解释或举例,以支持所提出的问题。反映作者观点、论点或主旨的这个句子通常叫做主题句。主题句往往体现了每一段或整个文章的主题思想。那么,找到了段落的主题句,就等于抓住了它的主题思想,抓住了它的主题思想,标题或主旨就容易确定了,因此有必要进行方法指导和训练:如,摘句法改造法即提取文中的中心句、主旨句、结论句,作为段落大意将其摘取出来,作为概括性文字。这种方法,适用于有中心句的段落
二、要强化语言准确性训练
阅读表达是检测学生通过阅读获取信息、处理信息并做出书面表达的能力。所以,理解是前提,关键是准确表达(句子结构、语法、拼写等),只有表达准确才能得分,因此要强化语言准确性训练
如 07年
78.which advice is given in the last paragraph
段中首句:Thirdly, a reply e-mail doesn’t have to have the same length as the original.
改造后准答案:
You may rely to a long e-mail briefly.
You don’t have to write a long reply e-mail.
08年
77. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3 (Please answer within 8 words)
段中首句:
Why did they have this addiction
改造后标准答案:
Why do some people have shopping addiction
09年
It is one of the last words we think to use as adults.
改造后标准答案:
Hello is the last word the adult use.
76. How does the author introduce the topic of the text (no more than 5 words)(2011年)
Do you spend over an hour each day texting messages to your friends Do you frequently ignore work, study, and other activities to check your phone for messages Are you anxious and restless if you are separated from your mobile phone Do you hardly ever use your phone to talk any more, and do your thumbs hurt from texting too much
76. By asking/ raising questions./With questions.(2分)
By asking./By asking problems./By coming up with questions./By ask questions./Questions.(1分)
近年高考给我们的启示
过渡平稳,本质不变
注重基础,共同发展
淡化知识,注重能力
兵马未动,单词先行
模块无罪,弃之有理
观察世界,紧跟时代
超量给题,暂难施行
讲究策略,提高效率
高中英语课程结构
级别 模块 水平
九级 9-11模块 积极创造条件开设
八级 6-8模块 高考(所有学校开设)
七级 1-5模块,必修 英语学科高中毕业
八级要求
解读语言综合语言运用能力
有较强的自信心和自主学习能力。能就熟悉的话题与讲英语的人士进行比较自然的交流。能就口头或书面语言材料的内容发表评价性见解。能写出连贯且结构完整的短文。能自主策划、组织和实施各种语言实践活动,例如:商讨和制定计划、报告实验和调查结果。能有效利用网络等多种教育资源获取和处理信息,并根据需要对所获得的信息进行整理、归纳和分析。能自觉评价学习效果,形成有效的英语学习策略。了解交际中的文化内涵和背景,对异国文化能采取尊重和包容的态度。
语言技能目标(八级)----听
能识别不同语气所表达的不同情感;
能听懂有关熟悉话题的讨论和谈话并记住要点;
能抓住一般语段中的观点;
能基本听懂广播或电视英语新闻的主题和大意;
能听懂委婉的建议或劝告等。
语言技能目标(八级)----说
能在交流中使用恰当的语调、语气和节奏表达个人的意图和情感等;
能根据学习任务进行商讨和制定计划;
能报告任务和项目完成的过程和结果;
能经过准备就一般话题作3分钟演讲;
能在日常人际交往中有效地使用语言进行表达,例如:发表意见、进行推断、责备或投诉等;
能做一般的生活翻译,例如:带外宾购物或游览等。
语言技能目标(八级)----读
能识别不同文体的特征;
能通过分析句子结构理解难句和长句;
能理解阅读材料中不同的观点和态度;
能根据学习任务的需要从多种媒体中获取信息并进行加工处理;
能在教师的帮助下欣赏浅显的英语文学作品;
除教材外,课外阅读量应累计达到30万词以上。
语言技能目标(八级)----写
能根据所读文章进行转述或写摘要;
能根据用文字及图表提供的信息写短文或报告;
能写出语意连贯且结构完整的短文,叙述事情或表达观点和态度;
能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺。
语言知识目标(八级) ----语音
在实际交际中逐步做到语音、语调自然、得体、流畅;
根据语音、语调了解和表达隐含的意图和态度;
了解诗歌中的节奏和韵律;
根据语音辨别和书写不太熟悉的单词或简单语句。
语言知识目标(八级) ----词汇
运用词汇理解和表达不同的功能、意图和态度等;
运用词汇描述比较复杂的事物、行为和特征,说明概念等;
学会使用3300个单词和400—500个习惯用语或固定搭配。
语言知识目标(八级)----语法
进一步掌握描述时间、地点、方位的表达方式;
进一步理解、掌握比较人、物体及事物的表达方式;
使用适当的语言形式进行描述和表达观点、态度、情感等;
学习、掌握基本语篇知识并根据特定目的有效地组织信息。
语言知识目标(八级)----功能
在更广的语境中恰当理解和表达问候、告别、感谢、介绍等交际功能;
在日常人际交往中有效地使用得体的语言进行表达,如发表意见、进行判断、责备、投诉等;
灵活运用已经学过的常用功能项目,进一步学习并掌握新的语言功能项目;
在实际生活中较熟练地实现信息沟通的目的。
语言知识目标(八级)----话题
熟悉个人、家庭和社会交往等方面的话题;
进一步熟悉有关日常生活、兴趣爱好、风俗习惯、科学文化等方面的话题;
熟悉我国一般社会生活的话题:职业、节日、风俗、社交礼仪;
了解有关英语国家日常生活习惯的话题。
情感态度目标( 八级)
能全国和正确地认识英语学习的意义;
有稳定和持久的英语学习动机;
有学好英语的毅力和克服困难的意志;
能用英语恰当地表达自己的情感、态度和价值观;
在用英语交流的过程中,能理解语言隐含的情感、态度和价值观;
有较强的祖国意识和国际视野。
学习策略目标(八级)----认知策略
从不同角度认知新学语言项目,既关注语言项目的形式,又关注其意义和用法;
在新旧语言知识之间建立联系;
根据形式、意义或用法对新学语言项目进行分类;
做笔记时能利用关键词、缩写、符号和数字等;
遵循记忆规律,提供记忆效果;
把一个领域的技能转移到另一个领域,例如:把母语学习技能转移到英语学习之中,把读或写的某写技能转移到听或说之中。
学习策略目标描述----调控策略
根据学习进展情况,调整学习计划和目标;
了解自己使用学习策略的效果,并根据需要进行调整;
能根据学习活动的需要,合理地分配注意力(把注意力集中在重点学习活动上);
学习中遇到困难时能分析原因并尝试解决;
控制和调整英语学习过程中的情绪和情感。
学习策略目标描述----交际策略
通过解释、重复、举例和证实等方式澄清或论证观点;
能在必要时使用委婉语言来表达意思或想法;
根据语言使用环境,得体地使用语言;
交际中善于克服语言障碍,维护交际;
在真实交际中注意并遵守英语交际的基本礼仪。
学习策略目标描述----资源策略
能通过图书馆、互联网、报纸、杂志、广播或电视等多渠道资源查找所需信息和材料,例如:百科知识、专业文献、公共信息、统计数据或新闻报道等。
文化意识目标(八级)
初步了解英语语言与英语国家文化的关系(例如:有些词汇或表达方法与文化背景的关系);
在使用英语的过程中,能发现隐含在语言中的对他国文化的态度(例如:文化崇拜或文化歧视);
对英语和英语国家的人民及其文化传统有比较客观和公平的认识;
了解英语国家最突出的文化特色;
初步了解主要英语国家重要(历史)文化现象的渊源;
初步了解英语国家文化在日常生活和人们价值观中的体现。
高中英语教学目的
To learn how to learn
To learn how to live upward now at school, enable them to live happily years away and have the problem-solving ability
To learn to use English as a tool
To enable the Ss to score high in the college entrance examinations.
上兵伐谋
了解高考本质
巧妙运用策略
掌握自身弱点
突破心理难关
“填鸭式”教学应彻底退出英语教室
在特定时间内,对特定量外语内容的记忆,小学一年级的学生能记住75%,初中一年级的学生能记住50%,而高中二年级的学生只能记住17%。
低年级学生记忆空间大,机械记忆能力强,而且此时记忆的东西常常终生不忘。
教学并非教的越多越好!加知识都愿意,减知识没勇气!(减知识有本事!!!)
要“教学进度”与“教学精度”?
学习成绩=教学进度 * 学习接受度
{均等} 黑三角
什么情况下学生学得最好?(网络)
当学生有兴趣的时候,他们学得最好;
当学生身心处于最佳状态时,他们学得最好;
当教学内容能够用多种形式来呈现时,他们学得最好;
当学生遇到理智的挑战时,他们学得最好;
当学生发现知识的个人意义时,他们学得最好;
当学生能够自由参与探索和创新时,他们学得最好;
当学生被鼓舞和被信任能够做重要的事情时,他们学得最好;
当学生有更高的自我期望时,他们学得最好;
当学生能够学以致用时,他们学得最好;
当学生对教师充满信任和热爱时,他们学得最好。
不仅备“课”,而且备“法”
Expected result
Well-designed
Fully prepared
Carefully-organized
Timely reviewed
What to present
How to present it
When to present it”
有/高效课堂备课
备教学内容
备教学对象
备教学活动与教学环节
备教师语言
备教学手段
备板书
备教学突发情况
备作业
备教学效果与反思
课堂教学的根本实质
输入- 消化- 输出
(老师引导)
(学生学)(学生表现)
理想的输入应该满足四个条件
输入是可理解的
输入是有趣或相关的
输入不按语法顺序进行的
输入必须有足够的量
理想的输出
有特别热情的情绪感染
形式必须多样化
输出要及时
输出要有针对性
输出要有足够的量
学习一种外语不只是语言本身和其运用的技巧,更需要学习跨越与该语言伴随而来的文化障碍,即因不同的文化背景所产生的不同思维方式和生活习俗。而完成这一任务,必须进行阅读能力培养。阅读是语言输入的主要来源,是听、说、写、译的基础,也是学生毕业后继续深造的基石。
英语学习在中国是枯燥而乏味的,需要老师的积极、幽默、风趣、乐观、向上来互补!
“再过一遍教材,心里踏实些 ”原因分析
原因之一:习惯成自然
原因之二:吾从众的安全与独树一帜的风险
原因之三:对教材的熟悉与对高考的陌生
原因之四:教辅材料的误导
原因之五:学生的非理性期望与要求
be in process 在进展中 ( be in progress )
2.in the process of doing sth 在干某事的进程中
3.大量的a mass of , masses of 群众the masses
4.吓唬某人(不)干某事
frighten sb to do /into doing /
not to do / out of doing
吓走某人 frighten sb away
害怕某人或某物 be frightened of
frighten sb to death 使某人吓的半死
sb be frightened that …
It is frightening that clause / to do ….
学案展示:正确处理知识与能力的关系
举例:知识活用
The English Speech Club which is made up of twenty students will hold its first contest this Friday. Participants are making full preparations for it in order to behave better at the speech. Some practice at noon without rest; others do before they have evening class. To everyone’s delight, all the participants show positive attitude towards the contest. They say they will pay special attention to the intonation because they think while making a speech, intonation will surely convey their feelings. By and large, they stand for the best English level of the whole class and we believe that they will give wonderful performances. It is believed that the contest will make students more enthusiastic about learning English.
(五)英语复习中的三忌
1. 忌语言语法操练过多
2. 忌忽视主观练习
3. 忌缺乏阶段性的复习
要有系统性和精确性
复习方法与思路
语法考点
词汇考点
能力考点(题型考点):听力(4个微技能)、阅读(6个微技能)、写作(2大10小)
应试策略、思维、习惯、心理与技术等
以阅读为主线,以词汇为重点,兼顾全面
教材选择/教什么?
(1)人教版教材模块9-10部分内容(2)最新网络文章(3)其他
教学目的/为什么教?
通过大量的语言输入,开阔学生视野,拓宽知识面,扩大学生词汇量,学习新知识,巩固旧知识。(丰富,扩大学生图示建构)
教学策略/怎么教?
恰当的输入内容,恰当的输入方式,恰当的输出,充分调动发挥学生的主观能动性,老师尽量少讲,要精讲。
阅读教学预期目的
掌握阅读策略,提高阅读效率。
扩大、丰富学生图式建构。
巩固丰富词汇知识。
提高写作技能。
提高素养。
让学生变聪明的方法不是补课,不是增加作业量,而是阅读,阅读,在阅读!
----苏霍姆林斯基
阅读:
有文可读
有文必读
读完必讲
讲解必精
关于阅读课的设置
壮士断腕,力保时间
大力实施,做好宣传
适当投入,有文可选
学生中阅读理解题型中的几种
焦虑心理
长度焦虑
难度焦虑
评价焦虑
分析性阅读与综合性阅读
分析性阅读/精读必不可少
加深巩固词汇、语法、语音知识、修辞、发展有关技能。
长期进行综合性阅读/泛读
1. 阅读材料选择题材广泛,体裁多样;思想性、知识性、难易度、趣味性、挑战性和时代性;数量保证。
2. 训练学生进行综合性阅读练习
3. 教师指导与检查
教师角色:鼓励、启发、引导、帮助、监控、参与、反馈与评价。
主要教学活动举例
读前活动 阅读活动 读后活动
明确目的;
熟悉话题;
预测内容;
预测词汇;
激发兴趣和欲望;
布置任务。 略读;
找读;
根据所读内容画图、标图、连线、填表、排序、补全信息;
为课文选择或添加标题;
根据所读内容制作图表;
判断真伪。 转述所读内容;
讨论; 改写;
续尾;
写摘要
阅读教学环节(借助图示)
读前活动示例
The Guinness Book of Records
激发兴趣----watch the video
Questions from the teacher
What do you know about Guinness
(It may be the book, the record or the people who broke the record.)
布置任务( Turn to the library, or the Internet to collect as much information as possible and present it at class)
阅读活动
Skimming
Tick the topics that the author does not cover
①physical skills needed for events ② number of records broken ③ his family life ④ kind of records broken ⑤ why he became a sportsman ⑥ countries he likes best⑦ place and date of birth ⑧ his occupation ⑨ his education ⑩ his first Guinness record
阅读活动
Scanning
Title ____________
Created by _____________
First edition______________
Updated __________________
阅读活动
Reading for details
Wh-questions
Reading for the main idea
Reading for guessing
Reading for language
Reading for critical thinking
高考阅读各个题型训练结合
主旨大意类:
点式事实细节:
网式事实细节:
推理判断类:
词义猜测类:
正面概括或倒推法
先题后文,准确标注
耐心与细心
合理相关,有理有据
语境、胆大、心细
练习尝试:组句成段练结构
把一些合乎逻辑的句子的正常顺序打乱,让考生重新排列句子的顺序。有利于考查考生的逻辑思维能力。
原句排序
新句排序
读后活动(1)词汇与语法
语法复习注意规律,关注易考点与易错点
词汇
如何根据上下文进行猜词。
熟悉对各类词汇的不同要求。
掌握记忆单词的基本方法。
教学活动示例
World problems
drug trafficking
famine
global warming
overpopulation
poverty
inflation
political unrest
government corruption
pollution
food security
life security
I’d like to make friends with someone/ whoever is ______.
fine qualities
considerate/understanding/sensitive…
supportive/helpful
tolerant
kind
outgoing
interesting/humorous
读后活动2---输出(说写结合)
Why do you think people try to break records
Would you like to hold a record If so, for what If not, why not
教学示例
Advantages & disadvantages of the computer/ Internet
说----写----评----改----写
有关电脑/网络词汇
优势劣势
如何对待中学生上网
The computer/ Internet ….is a good servant but a bad master. The key is ….
Every coin has two sides.
Everything has its own advantages and disadvantages.
在阅读中巩固扩大词汇
新课标词汇
8级3000
9级3600
其他国家与地区要求
Senior Level:
5900(Japan)
5000—6000(Taiwan)
9000(Russia)
艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线
给我们的提示
词汇分级
化整为零
随机点词
学习成绩=储存率*提取率
背住≠背出
词汇教学示例
词汇教学其它
Word families
symbol---symbolize---symbolic
Word definitions
maintaining (noun ) keeping sth in a certain way, caring for something so that it doesn’t change
Odd word out
Prefixes & suffixes
Word association
Matching
① definition word (nouns)
A woodworker who makes or repairs wooden objects is a _____.
A. candidate B. captain
C. carpenter D. clerk
②word definition (verb)
equip : A. to provide necessary energy
B. to offer accurate analysis
C. to provide necessary items
D. to offer detailed explanation
③Synonym (adj. adv.)
advocate:
A. support B. advise
C. contradict D. damage
④Antonym (adj. adv.)
abstract
A. solid B. foreign
C. professional D. risky
⑤Category
companion comrade civilian colleague
stream strait flood spring
district block zone avenue
…
Replacing
That means employees will have rights to determine their salary with their employers.
A. decide B. direct
C. divide D. declare
Context blank
①A university education is of huge and direct benefit (advantage) to the individual. Graduates earn (get money) more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree (a title given by college ). However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. (改自2010北京阅读D)
②Science can't explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood p_ _ _ _ _ _ _and raise chances of recovering from a heart a_____, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.
(改自2010全国Ⅰ阅读D)
Context multiple meaning
Whenever ①free, my friend peter goes to the McDonald’s, where he can have access to the Internet for ②free. Peter loves travel, he always books rooms in advance in his destination cities, for in some cities it is difficult to find a room ③free in the hotel. Next week, he will fly to Canada to visit his uncle. He decides to buy some presents in the ④duty-free shop for his uncle.
关于听力的教学
高考对听力的要求
理解主旨和要义;
获取具体的、事实性信息;
对所听内容作出判断;
理解说话者的意图、观点或态度。
听力教学的难点
细节
计算
大的转折
话外音
对第二遍的依赖
精听与泛听的矛盾
听力
1. What does the man like about the play
A. The story. B. The ending. C. The actor.
听力原文:
W: Jack, how do you like the play
M: It's a simple story with a happy ending, but luckily they had a very strong actor and he managed to carry the whole play.
思路分析
本题答案为C,但考生错误选择B或A。选项A、B、C三个事实细节都有所提及,但是考生容易忽略男士的语气转折(but luckily…)之处的内涵所在。
M: We are glad to have Dr. Garfield to talk to us today about dreams. Let me start by asking the first question: does everyone dream
W: It appears that everyone does. Mostly when people say that they never dream, what they really mean is that they don't remember their dreams or they don't think their dreams are important. The reason behind is that they might have been made fun of as a child when they first reported their dreams or it was so frightening that they just turned off dreaming completely. The other day someone named Davis came to me and said that he used to be a great dreamer. But suddenly he stopped having dreams. I asked him what had happened. It turned out that his brother died of a heart attack and he never expected that such a terrible thing would happen to a young person. Generally when there was an frightening event and to dream about it was too terrible, people prefer not to dream about it. Actually the worst thing you can do is stop dreaming because it means that the bad experience was too painful to even appears in dreams. As long as you're dreaming about it and even if the dreams are frightening, your mind is working on it. My personal opinion about what dreams do is that they help us deal with our problems. We see certain patterns take place in dreams when a person is hurt deep inside, when a person is seriously ill or when a person has been really sad. If people turn off their dreams totally, it means they don't allow themselves to even think about it.
18. Why did Davis stop having dreams
A. He got a serious heart attack.
B. He was too sad about his brother's death.
C. He was frightened by a terrible dream.
答案为B项。考生选择错误的原因是对较长信息的记忆和处理能力缺乏。考生应在听力过程中对①a heart attack;② It turned out that his brother died of a heart attack and he never expected that such a terrible thing would happen to a young person;和③Generally when there was an frightening event 三个具体信息进行甄别,并对第②条信息进行正确理解之后才能做出正确选择。
听力教学的误区
过早模拟
只听不看
只听不管
哈英/哈美
忽视自身
阶段反思
听力教学建议
材料选择:真实语境中的话语;
与学生水平相当;
多种口音的材料。
教师角色:提供材料、鼓励、启发、引导、帮助、监控、评价。
听力:分门别类+拓展训练
www.chinadaily./英语点津
http://www./
具体操作
1. 天1套, 分钟
2. 难度
3. 录音机
4. 精听和泛听
5. 课上听
6. 重点练:声音、猜、一心二用、归纳
7. 选择性朗读
8. 多说:词汇量&口头用语
语法与词汇如何把握训练与讲解的分寸?
少做
少讲
少扩
When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951, her mother told her, “Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn’t work out, you’ll have something to rely on.” Mary responded in typical teenage fashion. From that moment on, “the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course,” she recalls.(2010湖南)(填空式)
语法和词汇:方法和方式需改革
Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her mom.
She regretted paying no attention to her mom only recently when she set about writing Growing Up Again.
(句型转换式)
语法和词汇:内容和度要变化
Link up
Do you know the mother _________________
Do you know the boy ______________
I no longer recognize the dam ___________
We should thank the old man ____________
The rescue workers _________ finally came to their rescue.
The boy __________now becomes an orphan.
The building ______________still stands after the earthquake.
(造句填空(Level A)/选择式式Level B)
是否选择视学生水平而定
whose parents died in the earthquake
whom the buried people expected to see
that now lies in ruins after the earthquake.
whom the soldiers just dug out from his ruined house
whose walls have deep cracks after the earthquake.
who saved the others’ children instead of her own
who gave all his money to the survivors after the earthquake.
Writing
Sentence writing
Example:
The man (brave, save, injured boy, in the earthquake) was awarded the Medal of Glory by the mayor.
→The man who was brave to save the injured boy in the earthquake was awarded the Medal of Glory by the mayor.
→Having saved the injured boy in the earthquake, the man was awarded the Medal of Glory by the mayor.
Supported sentence writing
After the earthquake, I, as a volunteer, went to the earthquake-stricken area to help the people living there. Along the road, I could see _________________________. I could hardly believe earthquake could cause so much damage, however, all the things I saw was so real and shocking that I felt deep sorrow for them. When I got to the place, I could see many people busy working there, ___________________________________.
读说写结合,提高学生写作水平
Never speak before you read it;
Never write before you hear it.
先读后说,先说后写
新课标对口语的要求
能经过准备就一般话题作3分钟演讲
能在日常人际交往中有效地使用语言进
行表达,如:发表意见、进行判断、责
备或投诉等。
能做一般的生活翻译。
“说”的教学原则
模仿的说
集中大密度精确表述的训练
连续性有反映、有结论的说
交往的说
有社会意义的说
谈论的说
说的基本技能
引出话题;
维持交谈;
插话;
转移话题;
话题转换;
引起注意;
澄清意思;
请求澄清;
表示倾听和理解;
预示和结束谈话;
利用语音、语调表达意思。
说的活动设计
说前活动 说话活动 说后活动
明确目的;
激发兴趣;
熟悉话题和语;
语言准备;
分配角色和任务 描述人物和事件;
报告过程和结果;
交换信息;
讨论;
演讲。 汇报结果;
讲评;
书面表达活动
说什么
材料选择:与学生水平相当;
贴近学生生活;
话题具体,目的明确;
有利于学生参与、合作;
具有趣味性和真实性;
有利于口语交际和表达。
教师角色:示范、鼓励、引导、帮助、
监控、评价。
What should we do with these bad behaviors
spitting every where
It’s time to take action. We should put an end to the bad behavior. We should wipe out the bad habit of spitting… everywhere.
throwing rubbish freely
Choose your favorite sport, why
What will you do
写作技能的教学
教学目的:表述事实、观点、情感、想象力,交流信息,培养规范的写作习惯。
基本技能:整理思路; 组织素材; 规划文章结构; 列出提纲; 起草文章; 组织语言; 遣词造句; 修改文章; 正确使用标点符号和字母大小写。
写什么
材料选择:与学生水平相当; 贴近学生生活; 话题具体,目的明确;有趣味性和真实性。
教师角色:指导、启发、示范、商讨、鼓励、讲评。
写作课基本环节
创设情境,导入新课
自主探究,合作学习
遣词造句,谋篇布局
成果展示,汇报交流
学案反馈,巩固落实
归纳总结,提升拓展
写前活动
激活灵感
激发兴趣
明确目的和读者对象
讨论主题
搜集素材
语言准备
阅读范文
写提纲
写时活动
写初稿
规划文章结构
填空
看图作文
图文转换
仿写
连句成文
写后活动
自我修改
相互修改
个人或小组面批
检查语言、文法、逻辑、用词、润色
Clear idea; Correct grammar; Beautiful language; Beautiful handwriting.
beginning
details
ending
过渡
过渡
口语写作/阅读写作
一体化教学
语言的丰富性
语言的正确性
语言的层次性
语言的整体性
口语写作一体化 教学示例
写作教学的要点
相关性
生活性
趣味性
技巧性
渐进性
合作性
发展性
开放性
高考作文的核心任务:
在15秒内取悦阅卷老师
优秀作文应具备的六个特征
层次不乱
句式多变
亮点若干
巧妙串联
蠢错不犯
整洁卷面
学生作文精彩句子一览
Knowledge is power.(成语)
In addition, in my opinion, taking extracurricular activities can raise learning efficiency and at the same time it can contribute to the class.(并列句,联系作用的小词)
While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view.(分词作状语)
Seldom do we know what is happening both at home and abroad, let alone what we can do for our country.(倒装句)
People may also choose to work in a team, which offers me a chance to learn from each other and help each other.(定语从句)
With time going by, you can become good friends. (with+n.+doing结构)
So I think “Friday News Hour” can broaden our mind and enrich our school life.(高级词汇)
Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk; show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile; be open-minded to different opinions even though you don’t like them.(排比句)
It was … that…(强调句)
人靠衣装,文靠词装
现阶段的写作训练方式:转变观念与方式
利用课内的词、句复习,训练学生的组句能力。
It was when Asimov was eleven years old that his talent for writing become obvious. He had told a friend two chapters of a story he had written. The friend thought he was retelling a story from a book. This really astonished Asimov and from that moment, he started to take himself seriously as a writer.
借鉴词、句进行仿写。
进行一句多说、多句佳说的训练。
He thinks well of the boy who is dressed in blue (jacket)
He speaks highly of the boy dressed in a blue jacket.
谋篇布局的能力。
作文上光第一招:
肃清愚蠢语言错误
13种常见的语言错误
(1)主谓不一致
Father and I am going to visit her.
My uncle often go to the cinema himself.
(2) 时态、语态混用
The movie is so good that we all enjoyed it very much.
The old man knocked down by the car and injured badly.
(3) 句子成分残缺
But the car which painted red didn’t stop.
The young man running in the street fast.
(4) 习惯搭配乱用
I very like the novel
Then we set off digging, planting and watering.
(5) 汉式英语
The car is yellow color.
Next month have a sports meeting.
(6) 名词单、复数不分
He will give us a talk on American film.
He is one of the best player in our school.
(7) 赘词现象严重
At last, the lost boy returned back.
On one day, he went to the cinema.
(8) 用词不当
He doesn’t want to say something about this matter.
I hope you to help the girl with her homework.
(9) 拼写和词形变化错误
The car hitted the old man and drived away.
On his way to school, he sew a little girl.
(10) 前后人称不一致
Swimming and football are his favorite sports, and he likes it all his life.
The little girl usually goes to school at 7 in the morning, but today he was late for school.
(11) 分词作状语、逻辑主语不一致
Having heard the news, her heart beat faster and faster.
Preparing dinner, the doorbell rang.
(12) 动词原形作主语
Walk is good for you health.
Drink wines is harmful.
(13) 一个简单句出现两个谓语
There was no bus, we had to walk home.
There are a lot of students like this movie.
Last summer I go to America and studied at a language
school. I had many wonderful experience, but I also
had a sad one. One day, the school held party, where
I invited to talk about Tianjin. After that they asked me a lot of
things about China. But I couldn’t explain them with English
clearly. I felt sadly. I learnt a lesson from this experience. I
have already studied English for eight years, I can’t use it
very good. I must work hard to improve my spoken English
so that I will not be able to communicate freely with foreigners.
I hope I can be a bridge between China and others countries
in the future.
∧
∧
∧
作文上光第二招:
让句式多变起来
1. 一得知那个消息,他就放声大哭。
Hardly had he learnt the news when he burst into tears.
As soon as he learnt the news, he burst into tears.
The moment/ Immediately he learnt the news, he burst into tear.
尽管他是个孩子, 但英语学的不错。
Although he is a child, he knows much English.
Child as he is, he knows much English.
作文上光第三招:
适当使用复杂句
主从复合句
虚拟语气
倒装句
强调句
非谓语动词结构
并列句
作文上光第四招:
巧妙使用连接成分
1. 表示时间顺序的:
at the same time, afterward, all of a sudden, at last, finally then .
2. 表示空间顺序的:
above, around, beyond, on the left, opposite to, in the distance, next to
3. 表示分析:
as a result, at last, finally, furthermore, therefore, moreover, for instance, on the contrary, in addition, in summary, in a nutshell, on the other hand,
in this case.
4. 表示比较的:
Besides, in the same way, in fact equally, similarly, in addition to
5. 表示对比的:
Different from, on the contrary, in spite of, some… others, nevertheless.
Not only… but also, the former…. the latter, on the one hand…on the other hand.
6. 表示选择的:
either… or, neither…nor, rather than, instead of, not…but.
7. 表示因果的:
therefore, as a result of, now that, as long as, since, so that, due to/ owing to, thanks to, on account of.
8. 表示总结
to sum up, on the whole,
in all, briefly, in conclusion, in summary, in short/brief,
in a word, to conclude.
专题训练:
幸亏你的及时帮助,我才顺利地通过了考试。
一方面,我们需要工业,而另一方面,我又痛恨它带来的污染。
这件衣服样子太老了,另外,颜色也不适合我。
作文上光第五招:
有选择地背诵经典句型
This house is three times as large as that one.
the more ... the more
It takes sb. … to do sth.
Pay for…. Cost spend
They are of great help to learners of English.
Walking after meals is important to our health.
It is of vital importance to our health to walk after meals.
Hurry up, or you will be late.
as soon as the minute. Immediately hardly… when
no sooner… than
The movie started as soon as I sat down.
Hardly had I sat down when the movie started.
in order to… /that… so that
have some difficulty in doing…
The reason is that we can’t find the time.
What do you think of..
作文上光第六招:
形容词和副词的妙用
尽量使用高级词汇
about --- approximately
careful--- cautious
so--- therefore
happily--- enthusiastically
clearly --- apparently
throw away--- abandon
lots of--- abundant/adequate
PS:视个人水平而定!!!
作文上光第七招:
要害部位使用名言、谚语
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush . 两鸟在林,不如一鸟在手。(09年江西卷)
A friend in need is a friend indeed . 患难见真情。(08上海卷B)
A good beginning is half done . 好的开端是成功的一半。(08福建卷A)
People in glasshouses should not throw stones.(09江西卷A)
Never judge a book by its cover.不以貌取人。(09江西卷A)
Make hay while the sun shines.良机勿失。(09江西卷A)
No pains, no gains.不劳无获。(08福建卷A)
Union is strength.团结就是力量. (08福建卷A)
Never too late to learn.活到老,学到老。(08福建卷A)
Where there is a will ,there is a way.有志者事竟成。(08上海卷B)
A misfortune may turn out a blessing .塞翁失马,焉知非福。(08上海卷B)
Kill two birds with one stone.一石二鸟。(08上海卷B)
Speech is silver;silence is gold.
Easier said than done.
Every man has his weak side.
Honesty is the best policy.
Every coin has two sides.
One man’s meat is another man’s poison.
Love me, love my dog.
Seeing is believing.
It’s never too late to learn.
Actions speak louder than words.
If winter comes, can spring be far behind.
…
PS:展示集体的智慧!!!!
作文上光第八招:
无招胜有招
上好讲评课
试卷评析 发现疑问
提出问题 合作探究
展示答案 共同商定
拓展延伸 学会学习
梳理巩固 总结反思
小组序号 小组认为正确的答案 其它不明白的问题
5 7 8 11 14 16
第三阶段的具体实施办法
语法和词汇:经典题的回顾
完形:格拆勿论
阅读表达: 注重指导
阅读:贯穿始终
写作:过程与结果并重
听力:天天有(天天135)
适应变化,阶段反思,抓好落实
阅读表达解题技巧
----不要一朝被 “蛇”咬…
6+X给我们的提示
主旨大意题,有惊无险
翻译注意忠实与通顺的关系
注意假开放性题目
学生四必: 后进生四优:
单词随身记 1. 优先减负
作文佳句 2. 优先面批
错误警示 3. 优先点评
英汉词典 4. 优先鼓励
学校备考策略选
与您杂谈
本校本学科教师之间相互听课效果如何:越听越差?相互促进?异质碰撞!
高三教学,没有教材才能使效果显山漏水?能力展现!
备课是创造性的,做作业是补偿性的!
课堂深度来自预习,没有深度就不需要备课,只需要补课!
态度决定高度
方法决定效果
心态决定成败
Best wishes to all of us!
Thanks!