Module
5
A
Lesson
in
a
Lab
有两种变化：化学变化和物理变化，那么你知道化学变化和物理变化的区别吗？
Chemical
Change
and
Physical
Change
There
are
two
kinds
of
change－chemical
change
and
physical
change.
In
a
chemical
change,
there
is
always
a
new
substance
formed.Breaking
up
water
into
hydrogen
and
oxygen
is
a
chemical
change.In
each
of
the
chemical
change
at
least
one
new
substance
is
formed.A
change
is
not
a
chemical
change
if
it
doesn't
form
a
new
substance.
Physical
changes
are
very
common,
too.There
are
many
examples.You
can
make
a
physical
change
by
tearing
a
piece
of
paper
into
two,
or
by
cutting
a
piece
of
iron
with
a
lathe.Here
the
paper
is
still
paper,
and
the
iron
is
still
iron.
Another
way
of
making
physical
change
is
dissolving
something
in
water.When
you
dissolve
salt
in
water,
the
salt
disappears.You
may
think
that
a
new
substance
has
been
formed.But
in
fact
there
is
no
new
substance.The
salt
is
still
salt.You
can
still
taste
it.So
the
dissolving
of
anything
is
a
physical
change.
When
water
freezes,
the
change
is
also
a
physical
one.The
water
changes
from
liquid
to
solid.But
it
is
still
the
same
substance.That
is
why
the
freezing
of
anything
is
a
physical
change.
And
people
often
tell
the
differences
between
a
chemical
change
and
a
physical
change
through
some
experiments.We
should
try
to
explore
the
magical
science
world
by
doing
experiments
by
ourselves.
[阅读障碍词]
1．hydrogen
n．氢气
2．tear
v．撕扯
3．lathe
n．车床
4．freeze
v．结冰；冷冻
5．magical
adj.魔力的
[诱思导读]
根据短文内容，判断正误(T/F)
1．In
a
chemical
change,
there
is
always
a
new
substance
formed.
(T)
2．Breaking
up
water
into
hydrogen
and
oxygen
is
a
physical
change.
(F)
3．Water
changing
from
liquid
to
solid
is
a
chemical
change.(F)
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.expand
A．n.电
( )2.mixture
B．n.结论
( )3.electricity
C．n.混合物
( )4.conclusion
D．n.目标；目的
( )5.aim
E．n.设备；装备
( )6.react
F．vi.形成
( )7.equipment
G．vi.漂浮
( )8.ordinary
H．vi.(化学)反应
( )9.float
I．vi.膨胀
( )10.form
J．adj.普通的；平常的
[答案] 1－5 ICABD 6－10 HEJGF
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
A．想出；考虑 B．将……按顺序排列 C．弄清楚，查明
D．在底端 E．往……加入…… F．把……关在外面
1．Do
you
want
to
add
your
name
to
the
list？
________
2．She
likes
to
put
everything
in
order
in
daily
life.
________
3．Close
the
door
and
keep
the
cold
air
out
of
the
room.
________
4．Can
you
think
of
any
other
way
to
work
out
the
problem？
________
5．The
answer
is
at
the
bottom
of
the
page.Have
you
found
it？
________
6．The
teacher
was
very
angry
when
he
found
out
that
the
student
had
been
lying.
________
[答案] 1－6 EBFADC
Passage
A
It
is
hard
to
think
of
a
world
without
metals.①
Different
metals
have
different
uses,
for
example,
steel
is
used
in
cars,
and
iron
is
used
in
electrical
equipment.When
we
use
metals,
it
is
important
to
know
how
they
react
with
different
substances②，
for
example,
water
and
oxygen.The
reaction
of
metals
with
these
substances
can
be
put
in
order.Here
is
a
table
with
the
metals
that
react
most
at
the
top③，
and
the
metals
that
react
least
at
the
bottom.
A篇
很难想象一个没有金属的世界。不同的金属有不同的用途，比如，钢用来造车，铁用来造电力设备。使用金属时，要了解金属和不同的物质(例如水和氧)如何发生反应，这一点很重要。(不同的)金属与这些物质的反应程度可以按顺序排列起来。下面表格中的金属反应最强烈的排在上面，反应最弱的排在下面。
[助读讲解] ①It
is
hard
to
...中it是形式主语，真正的主语是to
think
of
...。②When
we
use
metals是when引导的时间状语从句，主句是it
is
important
to...，其中it是形式主语，动词不定式to
know
...是真正的主语，而how
they
react
with
different
substances是宾语从句，作know的宾语。③that
react
most
at
the
top是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词metals。
Metal
Heated
in
oxygen
Reaction
with
water
or
steam
Potassium
Burns
to
form
an
oxide
Reacting
with
cold
water
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Reacting
withsteam
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Reacts
slowly
Partial
reaction
Copper
Partial
reaction
No
reaction
Passage
B
A
Simple
Scientific
Experiment
Below
is
a
description
of
a
simple
scientific
experiment.④
It
shows
us
how
iron
reacts
with
air
and
with
water.⑤,
金属
在有氧状态下加热
与水或水蒸气的反应
钾
燃烧后生成氧化物
与冷水反应
钠
钙
镁
与水蒸气反应
铝
锌
铁
反应缓慢
部分反应
铜
部分反应
不反应
B篇
一个简单的科学实验
下面是对一个简单科学实验的描述。这篇文章向我们表明，铁是怎样与空气和水反应的。
[助读讲解] ④Below
is
a
description
...是完全倒装句，主语是a
description，below
is是系表结构。⑤show后跟双宾语，us为间接宾语，直接宾语是how引导的宾语从句。
Aim：To
find
out
if
iron
rusts(生锈)⑥
(a)
in
dry
air;
(b)
in
water
that
has
no
air
in
it⑦
(air?free
water);
(c)
in
ordinary
water.
Apparatus：3
clean
iron
nails;
test
tubes;
test
tube
holder;
cotton
wool;
oil;
Bunsen
burner.
目的：发现铁是否在下列状态下生锈：(a)在干燥的空气中；(b)在没有空气的水中(无空气水)；(c)在普通的水中。
仪器：三颗洁净的铁钉、试管、试管夹、棉花、油、本生灯(即煤气灯)。
[助读讲解] ⑥To
find
out
if
iron
rusts是目的状语，其中if意为“是否”，引导宾语从句。⑦that
has
no
air
in
it是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词water。
Iron
in
dry
air
Method
(1)Put
some
iron
nails
at
the
bottom
of
a
test
tube.
(2)Push
some
cotton
wool
down
the
tube.
(3)Leave
the
tube
for
one
week.
Result
After
one
week,
the
nails
have
not
rusted.
Conclusion
Iron
does
not
rust
in
dry
air.
Iron
in
air?free
water
Method
(1)Half?fill
a
test
tube
with
water.
(2)Boil(煮沸)
the
water
for
three
minutes.(This
makes
sure
there
is
no
air
in
the
water⑧.)
(3)Put
two
or
three
clean
nails
in
the
water.
(4)Add
some
oil
to
the
water.This
will
keep
air
out
of
the
water.
(5)Leave
the
tube
for
one
week.
铁在干燥的空气中
方法
(1)把若干铁钉置于试管底部；
(2)顺着试管塞入一些棉花；
(3)把试管放置一周。
结果
一周后，铁钉未生锈。
结论
铁在干燥的空气中不生锈。
铁在不含空气的水中
方法
(1)在试管中加一半水；
(2)将水烧开保持3分钟(这样做可以保证水中无空气。)；
(3)在水中放2～3颗洁净的铁钉；
(4)在水中加些油，这样做可防止空气进入水；
(5)把试管放置一周。
[助读讲解] ⑧there
is
no
air
in
the
water是省略了引导词that的宾语从句。
Result
The
nails
do
not
rust
in
the
tube
with
air?free
water.
Conclusion
Iron
does
not
rust
in
air?free
water.
Iron
in
ordinary
water
Method
(l)Half?fill
a
test
tube
with
water
and
add
two
or
three
clean
nails.
(2)Leave
the
tube
for
one
week.
Result
The
nails
rust
in
the
tube
with
ordinary
water.
Conclusion
Iron
rusts
in
ordinary
water.
结果
铁在没有空气的水中未生锈。
结论
铁在没有空气的水中不生锈。
铁在普通的水中
方法
(1)在试管中加一半水，并在水中放2～3颗洁净的铁钉；
(2)把试管放置一周。
结果
铁钉在装有普通水的试管中生锈。
结论
铁在普通的水中会生锈。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P44－45教材课文，回答下列问题
1．Read
Passage
A
and
choose
the
best
title
for
it.
A．The
Different
Uses
of
Metals
B．The
Reaction
of
Metals
C．The
Reaction
of
Metals
with
Oxygen
D．The
Reaction
of
Metals
with
Water
[答案] B
2．Read
the
subtitles
in
Passage
B
and
answer
what
should
be
included
in
a
description
of
an
experiment.
(1)Aim (2)Apparatus (3)Method (4)Result
(5)Conclusion
第二步 细读——把握文章关键信息
细读P44－45教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．The
table
in
the
passage
is
arranged
in
order
of
__________.
A．metal
kinds
B．reaction
activities
C．values
of
metal
D．the
first
letters
of
the
words
2．According
to
the
table,
which
metal
is
most
suitable
to
make
our
daily
kitchenware(厨房)?
A．Zinc.
B．Iron.
C．Copper.
D．Magnesium.
3．The
experiment
in
Passage
B
shows
us
________．
A．how
iron
rusts
with
water
B．iron
is
quite
easy
to
rust
C．how
to
prevent
iron
from
rusting
D．how
iron
reacts
with
air
and
with
water
4．The
purpose
of
these
three
experiments
in
Passage
B
is
________．
A．to
find
out
how
iron
reacts
with
water
and
with
air
B．to
find
out
how
important
iron
is
C．to
find
out
how
to
do
the
experiment
of
iron's
reaction
with
water
and
with
air
D．to
find
out
how
to
keep
iron
rustless
[答案] 1－4 BCDD
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P44－45教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Different
metals
have
different
uses.When
we
use
metals，it
is
important
1.to
know(know)
how
they
react
with
2.different(differ)
substances.By
doing
some
simple
experiments，we
can
achieve
the
3.following
(follow)
aims.Firstly，put
them
4.in
order
according
to
the
reaction.Secondly，find
out
if
iron
rusts
in
dry
air，in
air?free
water
and
in
ordinary
water.In
order
to
achieve
the
second
aim，we
need
different
pieces
of
5.equipment(equip).6.Having
made(make)
full
preparations，we
can
go
to
the
different
stages
of
the
experiment.During
each
stage，relative
methods
should
7.be
used(use)．After
that，we
8.will
get(get)
different
results
and
make
the
conclusions
9.that
iron
does
not
rust
in
dry
air
and
in
air?free
water
10.but
it
rusts
in
ordinary
water.
PAGEModule
5
A
Lesson
in
a
Lab
比较等级
语
境
自
主
领
悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
1.The
book
is
as
interesting
as
that
one.2.The
physics
lesson
was
a
lot
more
interesting
than
the
chemistry
lesson.3.The
earth
is
twice
as
large
as
the
moon.4.The
earth
is
forty?nine
times
larger
than
the
moon.5.The
stone
bridge
is
twice
the
length
of
the
wood
one.6.It's
getting
brighter
and
brighter！7.The
closer
you
are,
the
more
you'll
see.
1.例句1为同级比较，其结构为：as＋形容词原形＋as。2.例句2为比较等级，其结构为：比较级＋than...。3.例句3、4、5为倍数表达法，其结构分别是：(1)倍数＋as＋形容词原形＋as;
(2)倍数＋形容词比较级＋than;
(3)倍数＋the＋名词＋of...4.例句6、7是比较级的特殊句式：其中例句6的结构是“比较级＋and＋比较级”；例句7的结构是“the＋比较级，
the
＋比较级”。
一、比较级的基本用法
1．同级比较：...as＋形容词/副词＋as...“和……一样……”
；否定式为：...not
as/so＋形容词/副词＋as...“和……不一样；
不如……”
Tom
runs
as
fast
as
Mike.
汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。
Wealth
is
not
so
important
as
health.
财富不如健康重要。
[名师点津]
在此句式中，若形容词原级后面跟单数可数名词，则应注意冠词与形容词的位置关系，即as＋形容词＋a/an＋单数名词＋as
“和……一样……”。
He
is
as
clever
a
boy
as
his
brother.
他是和哥哥一样聪明的男孩子。
2．比较级：形容词/副词比较级＋than...表示
“比……更……”
。
My
computer
is
more
expensive
than
hers.
我的电脑比她的贵。
Robert
jumps
higher
than
any
of
the
others.
罗伯特比其他任何人跳得都高。
[名师点津]
(1)使用比较级时比较的对象应该相同。为了简洁起见，
可用that代替前面出现的不可数名词或可数名词单数，
those代替可数名词复数。
正：The
weather
of
Shanghai
is
warmer
than
that
of
Beijing.
误：The
weather
of
Shanghai
is
warmer
than
Beijing.
上海的天气比北京的天气暖和。
(2)比较双方如果一方在程度或数量上超过另一方时，
可在比较级前加上副词修饰语。常见的有：much,
a
little,
a
bit,
a
lot,
far,
by
far,
even,
still,
rather,
any(疑问句、
否定句或条件状语从句),
a
great
deal等。
She
drives
still
much
more
carefully
than
her
husband.
她开车比她丈夫认真多了。
This
movie
is
far
more
interesting
than
I
expected.
这部电影比我原想的有意思得多。
Are
you
feeling
any
better
today?
你今天感觉好些了吗？
[即时演练1] 单句改错(每小题仅有一处错误)
①Do
you
mind
if
we
stay
a
bit
of
longer
today？删去of
②It
is
even
cold
today.cold→colder
③But
it
doesn't
mean
they
can
do
it
some
better
than
the
rest
of
us.some→any
④A
bike
runs
much
more
slowlier
than
a
motorbike.slowlier→slowly
二、比较级的特殊结构
1．the＋比较级(主语＋谓语),
the＋比较级(主语＋谓语)
表示
“越……，
越……”
The
more
you
study,
the
more
you
know.
学得越多，
懂得越多。
2．比较级＋and＋比较级，
表示
“越来越……”
It
becomes
warmer
and
warmer
when
spring
comes.
春天来了，天气越来越暖和了。
My
hometown
is
getting
more
and
more
beautiful.
我的家乡变得越来越美丽。
3．the＋形容词/副词比较级＋of＋...表示
“两者之中比较……的一个”
This
is
the
bigger
of
the
two
rooms.
这是两个房间中较大的一个。
The
younger
of
the
two
brothers
is
a
teacher.
两兄弟中较年轻的那个是一名老师。
4．“否定词＋比较级”
表示最高级含义
I
can't
agree
with
you
more.
我再同意你不过了。
I
have
never
seen
a
more
interesting
book.
这是我所看过的最有趣的一本书。
5．no＋比较级＋than“和……一样不……”
not
＋比较级＋than“不如……”
This
book
is
no
more
interesting
than
that
one.
这本书和那本书一样没趣。
This
book
is
not
more
interesting
than
that
one.
这本书不如那本书有趣。
[即时演练2] 单句语法填空
①He
has
never
spent
a
more
worrying
day.
②More(many)
and
more
foreigners
have
been
to
the
Great
Wall.
③The
harder(hard)
he
worked,
the
more
he
got.
三、倍数表达法
1．倍数＋as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as...
Asia
is
about
four
times
as
large
as
Europe.
亚洲大约是欧洲的四倍大。
2．倍数＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than...
This
road
is
twice
longer
than
that
one.
这条路比那条路长两倍。
3．倍数＋the＋性质名词(size,
height,
depth,
length,
width)＋of...
This
stone
tower
is
twice
the
height
of
the
wood
one.
这座石塔是那座木塔的两倍高。
4．倍数＋as
many/much
＋名词＋as...
We
have
produced
three
times
as
many
computers
as
we
did
last
year.
我们生产的计算机是去年的三倍多。
[即时演练3] 单句语法填空
①Paper
produced
every
year
is
three
times
heavier(heavy)
than
the
world's
production
of
vehicles.
②My
uncle's
house
in
the
downtown
area
is
much
smaller
than
ours,
but
it's
twice
as
expensive.
③This
room
is
twice
the
length
(long)
of
that
one,
but
it
is
much
narrower.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．According
to
a
review
of
evidence
in
a
medical
journal,
runners
live
three
years
longer
(long)
than
non?runners.
2．Corn
uses
less
water
than
rice
and
creates
less
fertilizer(化肥)
runoff.
3．He
screams
the
loudest(loud)
of
all.
4．There
could
be
an
even
higher
(high)
cost
on
your
health.
5．Even
worse
(bad),
the
amount
of
fast
food
that
people
eat
goes
up.
6．Sixteen
years
earlier
(early),
Pahlsson
had
removed
the
diamond
ring
to
cook
a
meal.
7．If
you
feel
stressed
by
responsibilities
at
work,
you
should
take
a
step
back
and
identify(识别)
those
of
greater
(great)
and
less
importance.
8．I
have
always
enjoyed
all
the
events
you
organized
and
I
hope
to
attend
many
more
(many)
in
the
coming
years.
9．Finally，that
hard
work
paid
off
and
now
the
water
in
the
river
is
cleaner(clean)
than
ever.
10．The
harder
(hard)
you
try
to
beat
him,
the
more
likely
you
will
get
hit.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
1．I've
worked
with
him
for
some
time
and
have
found
he
is
more
excellent
teacher
than
Mike.
more前加a
2．I'm
not
satisfied
with
her
answer
at
all.It
couldn't
have
been
bad.
bad→worse
3．I
like
Rose
and
Mary,
but
I
think
Rose
is
nicer
of
the
two.
nicer前加the
4．The
TV
set
sold
in
this
store
is
more
cheaper
than
the
one
sold
in
that
store.
more→much或去掉more
5．The
more
you
practice,
and
the
better
result
you
will
get
in
the
exam.
去掉and
6．I
think
it's
too
expensive.I'd
like
a
cheap
one.
cheap→cheaper
7．The
more
difficult
the
problem
is,
the
much
careful
you
should
be.
much→more
8．The
restaurant
wasn't
half
as
better
as
that
restaurant
we
went
to.
better→good
9．Professor
Wang
has
written
some
short
stories,
but
he
is
well
known
for
his
plays.
well→better
10．—The
weather
isn't
good
enough
for
an
outing,
is
it?
—Not
at
all.We
can't
have
a
worst
day
at
this
time
of
the
year.
worst→worse
PAGEModule
5
A
Lesson
in
a
Lab
实验报告
本模块的写作任务是写一篇实验报告。实验报告是对某实验的目的、步骤、现象、结论等进行论述的报告。
一、基本结构
一般情况下，实验报告是根据实验步骤和顺序展开来写的。
1．实验目的
即本次实验所需达到的目标或目的是什么。
2．实验用品
写出实验用品，应分类罗列，不能遗漏。
3．实验步骤
根据具体的实验目的和原理，写出主要的操作步骤。写作过程中可适当使用表示顺序的词语，使叙述有条理，清楚明了。如first...，second...，next...，and
then...，finally...等。
4．实验结果
如实正确地记录实验现象或数据。
5．实验结论
对于所进行的操作和得到的相关现象运用已知的知识去分析和解释，得出结论。
二、增分佳句
1．Below
is
a
description
of
a
simple
scientific
experiment.
以下是一个简单的科学实验的描述。
2．Here
are
the
steps
of
the
experiment.
下面是实验的步骤。
3．The
purpose
of
the
experiment
is
to
observe
the
change
of
water
when
heated.
实验的目的是观察水在加热过程中的变化。
4．To
carry
out
the
experiment，you
need
the
following
things.
为了进行这项实验，你需要以下用品。
5．Once
in
the
lab，we
should
listen
to
the
teacher
carefully，watch
the
teacher
show
the
experiment
and
follow
the
teacher's
instructions.
一旦进入实验室，就要仔细听老师讲，观察老师演示实验，听老师指挥。
请根据下列表格中的内容，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，说明整个实验的内容。
实验目的
镁在空气中燃烧是否有变化
实验用品
镁(magnesium)，本生灯(a
Bunsen
burner)，天平(a
balance)，坩埚(a
crucible)
实验步骤
1.首先把镁放进坩埚内；2.然后把坩埚放在天平上称一下；3.下一步点燃本生灯，把坩埚放在上面，给镁加热；4.最后称镁的重量
实验结果
镁比原来重了一点
实验结论
镁在空气中燃烧重量上有变化
第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本文为实验报告，属于说明文；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第二人称；
3．确定时态：本文应以一般现在时为主。
二、构思
第一段：点明主题，简要介绍实验目的；
第二段：详细说明所需实验器材；
第三段：具体描写实验步骤；
第四段：主要写实验结果和结论。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．aim/purpose
目的
2．light
点燃
3．weigh
称重
4．find
out
弄清
5．burn
in
air
在空气中燃烧
6．carry
out
the
experiment
做实验
7．be/get
ready
准备好
8．in
weight
在重量上
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
1．实验目的是为了弄清镁在空气中燃烧是否有变化。(if引导宾语从句；when引导时间状语从句)
The
aim
of
the
experiment
is
to
find
out
if
there's
a
change
when
magnesium
burns
in
air.
2．为了做这个实验，你需要如下物品：镁，本生灯，天平和坩埚。(主谓宾结构；不定式作目的状语)
To
carry
out
the
experiment,
you
need
the
following
things:
magnesium，a
Bunsen
burner,
a
balance
and
a
crucible.
3．当所有的事物都就绪后，你就可以开始做实验了。(when引导状语从句)
When
all
these
things
are
ready,
you
can
begin
the
experiment.
4．你可以发现镁比原来重了一点。(that引导宾语从句)
You
can
see
that
it
weighs
a
little
more
than
before.
5．因为镁在空气中燃烧重量上有变化。(原因状语从句；when引导时间状语从句)
Because
there
is
a
change
in
weight
when
magnesium
burns
in
air.
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．用with复合结构改写句3
With
all
these
things
ready,
you
can
begin
the
experiment.
2．用that's
because改写句5
That's
because
there
is
a
change
in
weight
when
magnesium
burns
in
air.
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
The
aim
of
the
experiment
is
to
find
out
if
there's
a
change
when
magnesium
burns
in
air.
To
carry
out
the
experiment,
you
need
the
following
things:
magnesium，a
Bunsen
burner,
a
balance
and
a
crucible.
With
all
these
things
ready,
you
can
begin
the
experiment.
First,
put
the
magnesium
in
the
crucible.
Then
put
the
crucible
on
the
balance
and
weigh
it.
Next,
light
the
Bunsen
burner
and
hold
the
crucible
over
it.
Finally,
weigh
the
magnesium
again.
You
can
see
that
it
weighs
a
little
more
than
before,
That's
because
there
is
a
change
in
weight
when
magnesium
burns
in
air.
PAGEModule
5
A
Lesson
in
a
Lab
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．As
is
known,
metals
expand
(膨胀)with
heat
and
contract(收缩)
as
they
cool.
2．Why
does
it
cost
so
much?
I
think
it's
just
an
ordinary(普通的)cell
phone.
3．The
conference
marked
an
important
stage(阶段)
in
the
two
countries'
relationship.
4．Ice
and
snow
are
different
forms
of
the
same
substance(物质)—water.
5．One
of
Mr
Li's
aims(目标)is
to
finish
writing
two
books
before
going
abroad.
6．What
conclusion
have
you
drawn
from
the
facts?
Please
tell
me
at
once.
7．We
are
proud
of
having
all
the
latest
equipment
in
our
chemistry
lab.
8．“What
is
his
reaction
to
our
plan？”
he
asked
after
the
meeting.
9．How
to
use
electricity
safely
has
become
general
knowledge
in
the
village.
10．Water
can
have
three
states:
liquid,
solid
and
gas.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．mix
v．混合→mixture
n.
混合物
2．react
vi.(化学)反应→reaction
n．反应
3．conclude
vt.推论出；断定→conclusion
n．结论
4．equip
vt.装备；配备→equipment
n.
设备；装备
5．electric
adj.电的；用电的→electrical
adj.与电有关的；用电的→electricity
n．电
[寻规律、巧记忆]
“扩展”动词全接触
后缀?ment名词小结
expand扩展；扩张enlarge扩大spread扩展；蔓延extend延伸；延续
treatment对待；治疗announcement通知；通告achievement功绩；成就punishment惩罚
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．think
of
想起；考虑
2．put
...in
order
将……按照顺序排列
3．at
the
top
在顶部
4．at
the
bottom
在底部
5．find
out
弄清楚；查明
6．make
sure
确保
7．add...to...
往……加入……
8．keep...out
of
把……关在外面
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．You
should
keep
the
dog
out
of
our
baby's
room.
2．I
will
think
of
my
childhood
every
time
I
see
the
picture.
3．Tom,
put
your
toys
in
order
after
you
play
with
them.
4．The
garden
adds
much
beauty
to
the
town.
5．Father
makes
sure
that
all
the
lights
are
off
before
he
goes
to
bed.
[寻规律、巧记忆]
v.＋介词to→动词短语
“位置”短语集锦
add
to增加，增添lead
to导致；通向keep
to遵守turn
to求助于stick
to坚持
at
the
top在顶部at
the
foot
of在……脚下in
(the)
front
of在……前面(部)on
the
left在左边in
the
middle在中间
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.Two?thirds
of
the
earth's
surface
is
water.地球表面的三分之二是水。
分数作主语时其谓语动词的单复数与分数所修饰的名词一致。
我们班里五分之三的学生是女生。Three?fifths
of
the
students
in
our
class
are
girls.
2.It
is
hard
to
think
of
a
world
without
metals.很难想象一个没有金属的世界。
it作形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。
对我们来说在这么短的时间内完成工作是很困难的。It
is
difficult
for
us
to
finish
the
work
in
such
a
short
time.
3.Here
is
a
table
with
the
metals
that
react
most
at
the
top,
and
the
metals
that
react
least
at
the
bottom.下面表格中的金属反应最强烈的排在上面，反应最弱的排在下面。
完全倒装结构。
下面就是实验的结论。Here
are
the
conclusions
from
the
experiments.
conclusion
n．结论；结束
(经典例句)I've
come
to
the
conclusion
that
he
is
not
the
right
person
for
the
job.我断定他不适合做这项工作。
(1)draw/come
to/arrive
at/reach
a
conclusion
得出结论
jump
to
a
conclusion
匆忙下结论
in
conclusion
最后；
总之
(2)conclude
v.
下结论；
结束
conclude...with...
以……结束……
①They
discussed
the
problem
for
a
whole
day,
but
they
couldn't
arrive
at
a
conclusion.他们就这个问题讨论了一整天，但他们也没有得出结论。
②In
conclusion,
I'd
like
to
say
that
you
are
the
kindest
person
that
I
have
met.
最后，
我想说你是我遇到的最善良的人。
③When
the
group
discussion
is
coming
to
an
end,
make
sure
to
conclude
it
with
important
points.
小组讨论接近尾声时，一定要以几条要点结束。
aim
n．目标；目的
v．瞄准；对准；旨在；目的是
(经典例句)Teamwork
is
required
in
order
to
achieve
these
aims.要达到这些目标需要齐心协力。
(1)achieve
one's
aim
达到某人的目的；
实现某人的目标
take
aim
at
瞄准
(2)with
the
aim
of...
为了……
without
aim
无目的地
(3)aim(sth.)
at...
瞄准；对准；旨在(做)某事
aim
to
do
sth.＝aim
at
doing
sth.
旨在做某事；打算做某事
①He
went
to
Beijing
with
the
aim
of
finding
a
better
job.他去北京的目的是找到一份更好的工作。
②Aiming
(aim)
at
a
more
comfortable
life,
the
couple
worked
hard
and
took
on
more
part?time
jobs.
为了过上更舒适的生活，
这一对夫妇努力工作，
并且承接了更多的兼职工作。
③I'm
aiming
to
lose
(lose)
5
kilograms
before
the
summer
holidays.
我的目标是在暑假前减掉5千克体重。
equipment
n．[U]设备；装备
(教材P44)Different
metals
have
different
uses，for
example，steel
is
used
in
cars，and
iron
is
used
in
electrical
equipment.
不同的金属有不同的用途，例如，钢材被用于汽车中，铁被用于电器设备中。
(1)a
piece/set
of
equipment
一件/套设备
(2)equip
vt.
装备
equip...with...
用……装备……
be
equipped
with
装备着……
①The
hospital
has
recently
obtained
new
medical
equipment，allowing
more
patients
to
be
treated.
这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备，这使更多的病人能够得到治疗。
②As
students，we
should
equip
ourselves
with
knowledge.
作为学生，我们应该用知识来武装自己。
③Our
school
is
equipped
with
advanced
teaching
equipment.
我们学校配备着先进的教学设备。
put...in
order把……按顺序排好
(教材P44)The
reaction
of
metals
with
these
substances
can
be
put
in
order.(不同的)金属与这些物质的反应程度可以按顺序排列起来。
(1)in
order
of
按……顺序
(2)in
(good)
order
井然有序
out
of
order
杂乱无章；
发生故障
①Put
everything
in
the
room
in
order
before
you
leave
the
room.
离开房间前把房间里的所有东西整理好。
②My
clock
is
out
of
order
and
it
waked
me
up
at
three
this
morning.
我的闹钟出毛病了，今天早晨3点就把我叫醒了。
③Mr
Smith
finds
it
difficult
to
keep
his
class
in
order.史密斯先生发现维持课堂秩序很难。
form
vt.&
vi.形成；养成
n．形状；表格；形式
(教材P44)Burns
to
form
an
oxide
燃烧后生成氧化物
(1)form
(get
into)the
habit
of
养成……的习惯
(2)in
the
form
of
以……形式
fill
in/out
a
form
填表格
①He
has
formed
the
habit
of
going
to
bed
early
and
getting
up
early.他养成了早睡早起的习惯。
②We
send
notices
to
visitors,
usually
in
the
form
of
an
e?mail.我们通常以电子邮件的形式向游客发出通知。
③Please
fill
in/out
the
form
before
going
into
the
hall.进入大厅前请填表。
add...to...把……添加到……
(教材P45)Add
some
oil
to
the
water.在水中加些油。
(1)add
to
增加；
增添
add
up
加起来
add
up
to
加起来达到
(2)add
that...
补充说……
①Would
you
like
to
add
more
sugar
to
your
coffee?
你想要在咖啡里再加些糖吗？
②Every
failure
one
meets
with
adds
to
one's
experience.[谚语]吃一堑，
长一智。
③Please
add
up
the
numbers
and
I'm
sure
they
will
add
up
to
more
than
1，000.
请把这些数字加起来，我确信总数将会超过1
000。
[图形助记]
keep...out
of...使……不进入……；
使……置身于……之外
(教材P45)This
will
keep
air
out
of
the
water.
这样做可防止空气进入水。
keep
off
避开；(使)不接近
keep
(sb.)away
from
使(某人)远离；
不靠近
keep
up
with
跟上；
保持；继续
keep
on
继续
①The
fire
is
dangerous
so
you
should
keep
the
child
away
from
the
fire.火太危险了，所以你应该让孩子远离火。
②We
have
to
work
hard
to
keep
up
with
these
excellent
students.
为了跟上那些优秀学生，我们得努力学习了。
③The
notice
says
“Keep
off
the
grass.”
牌子上写着“请勿践踏草地”。
(教材P41)Two?thirds
of
the
earth's
surface
is
water．地球表面的三分之二是水。
【要点提炼】 本句为分数作主语。
“分数(百分数)＋of＋名词(代词)”
作主语时，
谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词的单复数形式。
①Over
four?fifths
of
the
students
in
our
school
are
from
the
countryside.
我们学校五分之四以上的学生来自农村。
②Only
one?third
of
the
work
has
been
done(do)
by
now.到现在为止仅完成了三分之一的工作。
③Only
20%
of
the
students
were
(be)present
at
the
meeting
yesterday.昨天只有20%的学生出席了大会。
[名师点津]
在英语中，表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于1时，表示分母的序数词要用复数，
并且要在分子和分母之间加上连字符
“?”
。
1/3
one?third；4/5
four?fifths；3/7
three?sevenths
(教材P44)It
is
hard
to
think
of
a
world
without
metals.很难想象一个没有金属的世界。
【要点提炼】 本句为
“It
is＋形容词＋to
do”
句型，
其中it为形式主语，
不定式短语是真正的主语。
It作形式主语的常见句型：
(1)It
is＋adj.＋(for/of
sb.)to
do
sth.
(2)It
is＋adj./
n．＋that
从句
(3)It
is
no
good/no
use/useless
doing
sth.
(4)It
is＋过去分词＋that...
①I
think
it
is
necessary
that
we
drink
plenty
of
hot
water
every
day.我认为每天多喝热水是有必要的。
②It's
no
use
arguing(argue)
with
her—she
won't
listen.跟她争论没有用——她不会听的。
③It's
careless
of
you
to
make
so
many
mistakes
in
this
exam.在这次考试中你出了这么多错真是太粗心了。
[名师点津]
在
“It
is/was＋adj.＋
for/of
sb.＋to
do
sth.”
结构中，
for前面的形容词通常是difficult,
necessary,
important,
quick,
easy等，
这些形容词多与事物的特征有关。而of前面的形容词常常是wise,
kind,
stupid,
silly,
bright,
nice,
good等，
这些形容词常常与人的性格特点有关。
(教材P44)Here
is
a
table
with
the
metals
that
react
most
at
the
top,
and
the
metals
that
react
least
at
the
bottom.
下面表格中的金属反应最强烈的排在上面，反应最弱的排在下面。
【要点提炼】 Here
is
a
table
...为完全倒装结构。句子的主语是a
table，here
is是谓语部分。
(1)以here,
there,
in,
out,
up,
down,
away,
back,
now,
then等副词开头的句子，如果主语是名词，常用全部倒装。
(2)当表示地点的介词词组位于句首时，为加强语气，常用全部倒装形式。
(3)为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时，需要全部倒装。
①Gone
are
the
days
when
we
used
foreign
oil.
我们用洋油的日子一去不复返了。
②South
of
the
city
lies
(lie)
a
big
steel
factory.
城的南面是座大型钢厂。
[名师点津]
here,
there引起的句子中，当主语是代词时，不用倒装。
1．(教材P44)When
we
use
metals,
it
is
important
to
know
how
they
react
with
different
substances,
for
example,
water
and
oxygen.
【分析】 when引导时间状语从句，it
is
important
to
...是句子的主句，其中it作形式主语，不定式短语to
know
...作真正的主语，know后是how引导的宾语从句。
【翻译】 使用金属时，要了解金属与不同的物质(例如水和氧)如何反应这一点很重要。
2．(教材P44)Here
is
a
table
with
the
metals
that
react
most
at
the
top,
and
the
metals
that
react
least
at
the
bottom.
【分析】 Here
is
a
table
...为完全倒装句。两个that从句都是定语从句，修饰前面的先行词metals，at
the
top和at
the
bottom都作宾补。
【翻译】 下面表格中的金属反应最强烈的排在上面，反应最弱的排在下面。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It
is
necessary
for
us
to
practise
(practise)
speaking
English
every
day.
2．She
felt
a
mixture
(mix)
of
excitement
and
fear
when
hearing
the
news.
3．The
natural
scenery
adds
to
the
beauty
of
my
hometown.
4．From
these
facts
we
can
draw
a
conclusion
(conclude)
about
how
the
pyramids
were
built.
5．You've
drunk
too
little.Two?thirds
of
the
milk
is
(be)
still
left
in
the
bottle.
6．You'd
sound
a
lot
more
polite
if
you
make
a
request
in
the
form
of
a
question.
7．You
should
be
more
careful
when
you
use
boiling
(boil)
water.
8．After
the
experiment,
everything
should
be
put
in
order
in
the
cupboard.
9．Bob
reacted
coldly
to
our
suggestion,
and
his
reaction
(react)
made
us
sad.
10．They
will
start
their
project
aiming
(aim)
at
helping
the
poor
children
to
be
educated
in
China's
west.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有一处错误)
1．The
doctor
thought
that
would
be
good
for
you
to
have
a
holiday.
that→it
2．Please
close
the
windows
to
keep
flies
out
the
room.
在out后加
of
3．Two
fifths
of
the
land
in
this
district
are
covered
with
trees
and
grass.
are→is
4．With
the
modern
equipments,
our
work
was
finished
ahead
of
time.
equipments→equipment
5．He
was
as
busy
as
a
bee
trying
to
put
the
house
in
the
order.
去掉order前的the
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我们工厂三分之一的工人是妇女。
One
third
of
the
workers
in
our
factory
are
women.(be)
2．试图用暴力解决这个问题没有用，和平对话是唯一的解决方式。
It
is
no
use
trying
to
solve
the
problem
by
force.Peace
talks
are
the
only
solution.(use)
3．外面太冷了，你不该把狗挡在屋外面。
It's
too
cold
outside.You
shouldn't
keep
the
dog
out
of
the
room.(keep)
4．窗户边坐着一位年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。
By
the
window
sat
a
young
man
with
a
magazine
in
his
hand.(sit)
5．战士们非常疲劳，大雨又增加了他们的难度。
The
soldiers
were
extremely
tired
and
the
heavy
rain
added
to
their
difficulty．(add)
PAGEModule
5
A
Lesson
in
a
Lab
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P49教材课文，选择最佳答案
The
best
title
of
this
passage
is
“________”．
A．What
a
Surprise
B．The
Science
Teaching
of
My
New
School
C．Science,
My
New
Interest
D．How
to
Study
Science
[答案] C
第二步 细读——把握文章关键信息
细读P49教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．When
did
Mark
Kendon
begin
to
feel
interested
in
science?
A．After
he
listened
to
a
science
lecture.
B．After
he
heard
about
the
Nobel
Prize.
C．After
he
changed
to
a
new
school.
D．After
he
did
an
experiment
in
the
lab.
2．Who
do
you
think
played
an
important
part
in
making
Mark
Kendon
interested
in
science?
A．His
parents.
B．The
lectures.
C．The
Nobel
Prize
winners.
D．His
chemistry
teacher.
3．We
can
know
from
the
passage
that
________．
A．Canada
has
a
small
number
of
first?class
scientists
B．the
writer
has
no
interest
in
science
till
now
C．the
writer
doesn't
like
his
new
school
D．the
writer
wants
to
study
physics
at
university
[答案] 1－3 CDD
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P49教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
I
never
used
1.to
enjoy
(enjoy)
science,
but
last
year
I
changed
schools，and
the
science
teachers
are
really
excellent.The
science
2.facilities
(facility)
are
very
good.The
equipment
in
laboratories
is
the
3.latest
(late)．Our
chemistry
teacher
Mr
Longford,
takes
us
to
public
science
lectures
about
four
times
a
term,
4.which
are
always
very
interesting,
because
the
lecturers
are
people
who
have
made
real
discoveries
5.in
their
area
of
science.In
Canada,
there
are
many
first?class
scientists.Seven
of
them
6.have
won
(win)
the
Nobel
Prize,
the
highest
scientific
prize
in
the
last
twenty
years.We
should
be
very
proud
7.of
that.I'm
becoming
more
and
more
8.interested
(interest)
in
physics，and
have
decided
to
study
it
at
either
Montreal
or
Ottawa
University,
as
both
are
supposed
9.to
have
(have)
good
Physics
Departments.That
made
my
parents
10.astonished(astonish)．
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．Something
must
be
done
to
keep
the
balance
(平衡)
of
nature.
2．We
were
astonished
(惊愕的)
to
find
the
temple
still
in
its
original
condition.
3．Professor
Wang
will
give
us
a
lecture
(演讲)on
how
to
protect
the
environment
tomorrow.
4．Fires
broke
out
everywhere.The
city
was
full
of
smoke
and
flame(s)．
5．I
had
learned
in
the
department
of
English
for
four
years
before
I
graduated.
6．We
have
first?class
scientific
facilities
in
our
school
lab,
it's
convenient
for
us
to
perform
experiments.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．lecture
n．演讲
→lecturer
n．演讲者；讲师
2．astonish
vt.使惊讶→astonished
adj.
吃惊的；
惊愕的→astonishing
adj.令人十分惊讶的；使人大为惊奇的→astonishment
n．惊愕
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．go
ahead
来吧；说吧；干吧；
请吧(鼓励或催促对方)
2．used
to
do
sth.
过去常常做某事
3．in
the
area
of
在……领域
4．be
proud
of
为……感到骄傲/自豪
5．be
supposed
to
do
sth.
应当；理应做某事
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．I
used
to
go
to
the
cinema
a
lot,
but
now
I
have
not
much
time.
2．Every
student
is
supposed
to
know
the
school
rules.
3．I'm
lucky
to
study
in
such
a
good
school
and
I
am
proud
of
being
a
part
of
it.
4．In
the
past
ten
years,
China
has
made
great
improvements
in
the
area
of
health
and
education.
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.It's
your
turn
means
You're
next.
“It's
your
turn”的意思是“轮到你了”。
It's
one's
turn
(to
do
sth.)
轮到某人(做某事)。
本周轮到你擦黑板了。It's
your
turn
to
clean
the
blackboard
this
week.
2.I'm
going
to
try
to
go
to
either
Montreal
or
Ottawa
University,
as
both
are
supposed
to
have
good
Physics
Departments.我要努力考取蒙特利尔大学或渥太华大学，因为这两所大学的物理系都很棒。
either...or...或者……或者……。
我准备用这笔钱买一架照相机或者买一台激光唱片机。I'm
going
to
buy
either
a
camera
or
a
CD
player
with
the
money.
balance
n．[C]天平；[U]平衡 v．权衡；使平衡
(经典例句)It
is
very
important
for
us
to
keep
the
balance
of
nature.
对我们来说，
保持生态平衡是很重要的。
(1)keep
one's
balance
保持平衡
keep
a
balance
between...and...
保持……和……的平衡
lose
one's
balance
失去平衡
on
balance
总的来说
(2)balanced
adj.
平衡的
a
balanced
diet
均衡饮食
[图形助记]
①When
he
was
running
after
his
brother，the
boy
lost
his
balance
and
had
a
bad
fall.当这个男孩追赶弟弟的时候，他失去了平衡，狠狠地摔了一跤。
②You
have
to
balance
the
advantages
of
living
downtown
against
the
disadvantages.
你必须权衡住在市中心的利弊。
③To
live
a
long
and
healthy
life,
we
must
learn
to
have
a
balanced(balance)
diet.为了要过长寿而又健康的生活，我们必须懂得均衡饮食。
go
ahead(表示许可)开始，说吧，做吧；
继续……吧；先走一步，
先请
(教材P48)Go
ahead!
means
Begin!
“Go
ahead！”
的意思是开始！
写出下列句中go
ahead的含义
①—May
I
turn
on
the
light?
—Go
ahead.
可以；开吧
②—Don't
interrupt
me
while
I'm
explaining
the
problems
to
you.
—All
right,
go
ahead.
继续
③You
go
ahead
and
tell
him
that
I'm
coming.
先走；先行一步
go
on
继续
go
over
检查；
复习
go
out
(灯)熄灭
go
up
上涨；
上升
go
through
经历；
仔细检查；
完成；
用完
④He
would
go
over
his
work
again
and
again
until
he
felt
he
had
it
right.
他会反复检查自己的工作直到他认为正确为止。
⑤After
months
of
efforts
the
work
finally
went
through．经过数月的努力，
工作终于完成了。
used
to过去经常，
以前常常
(教材P49)I
never
used
to
enjoy
science,
but
last
year
I
changed
schools,
and
the
science
teachers
at
my
new
school
are
excellent.我以前从不喜欢理科，
但是去年我转学了，
我的新学校的理科老师很优秀。
(1)There
used
to
be
过去曾有
(2)be/get
used
to
(doing)
sth.
习惯(做)某事
be
used
to
do
sth.
被用来做……
①I
used
to
get
up
early
and
take
an
hour's
walk
before
breakfast.
我过去常常早起并且在早餐前散步一小时。
②There
used
to
be
(be)a
big
and
beautiful
garden
at
the
back
of
their
house.
以前在他们房子的后面有一个美丽的大花园。
③I'm
used
to
living(live)
in
the
room
which
was
used
to
keep(keep)
books
and
magazines
last
year.
我习惯住在去年那个被用来存放书籍和杂志的房间里。
[名师点津]
used
to和would二者均含有过去常做某事的意义，
used
to表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，
强调现在不那样了，
而would单纯指过去常做某事，
不含与现在比较的意思。
be
proud
of...
为……感到骄傲/自豪
(教材P49)The
Nobel
Prize
is
the
highest
scientific
prize
there
is,
so
we
should
be
very
proud
of
that.
诺贝尔奖是目前科学方面的最高奖，因此我们为此感到骄傲。
(1)be
proud
that
以……而骄傲/自豪
be
proud
to
do
sth.
以做……而骄傲/自豪
(2)proudly
adv.
骄傲地；自豪地
(3)pride
n.
自豪；骄傲
take
pride
in
为……感到骄傲/自豪
①We
are
proud
that
our
country
is
getting
stronger
and
stronger.
我们自豪的是，我们的国家越来越强大。
②I'm
proud
to
say
(say)
that
we
made
the
right
decision.
我很自豪地说我们做出了正确的决定。
③Mr
Green
takes
pride
in
his
great
success
in
scientific
researches.
格林先生为自己在科研方面所取得的巨大成就而感到自豪。
be
supposed
to
应当，理应
(经典例句)Everyone
is
supposed
to
wear
a
seat
belt
in
the
car.
车里的每个人都应该系安全带。
be
supposed
to
do
sth.
应当/理应做某事
be
supposed
to
be
doing
sth.
应当/理应正在做某事
be
supposed
to
have
done
sth.
本应该做某事(实际未做)
①The
message
is
very
important,
so
it
is
supposed
to
be
sent
as
soon
as
possible.
这个信息很重要，因此应当尽快送达。
②He
is
supposed
to
be
reading(read)
newspapers
now.
他现在应该在看报纸。
③He
was
supposed
to
have
received(receive)
my
letter,
but
he
didn't.
他理应已经收到了我的信，但却没收到。
astonished
adj.吃惊的；惊愕的
(教材P49)My
parents
are
astonished.
我的父母很惊讶。
(1)be
astonished
at/by...
对……感到惊讶
be
astonished
to
do
sth.
因做某事感到惊讶
(2)astonish
vt.
使吃惊
(3)astonishing
adj.
令人惊讶的
(4)astonishment
n.
惊异
to
one's
astonishment
令某人吃惊的是
in
astonishment
吃惊地
①We
were
quite
astonished
at/by
the
great
progress
he
had
made.我们对他取得的巨大进步感到非常惊讶。
②We
can
know
that
the
news
is
astonishing
from
his
astonished
look.(astonish)
从他惊讶的表情我们就知道这个消息是惊人的。
③He
was
astonished
to
hear
(hear)he
had
got
the
job.听说自己得到了那份工作，他感到很惊讶。
(教材P48)It's
your
turn
means
You're
next.
“It's
your
turn”
的意思是
“轮到你了”
。
【要点提炼】 句中It's
one's
turn
(to
do
sth.)为固定句式，
表示
“轮到某人干某事了”
。
in
turn
依次；
反过来
by
turns
轮流；
依次
take
turns
to
do
sth.
轮流做某事
①We
should
do
the
work
by
turns
because
it
is
difficult
to
do.因为这项工作太难了，所以我们应该轮流做这项工作。
②The
children
got
on
the
bus
in
turn.
孩子们依次上了公共汽车。
③We
take
turns
to
answer(answer)the
questions.
我们轮流回答问题。
(教材P49)I'm
going
to
try
to
go
to
either
Montreal
or
Ottawa
University,
as
both
are
supposed
to
have
good
Physics
Departments.
我要努力考取蒙特利尔大学或者渥太华大学，
因为这两所大学的物理系都很棒。
either...or...表示“不是……就是……；或者……或者……”，相对应的反义短语为neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，两者都常用来连接两个平行结构。
(1)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要和临近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近一致”原则。
(2)neither...nor...连接两个句子且置于句首时，(因neither和nor都是否定意义的词)前后两句都要用倒装语序。
(3)遵循“就近原则”的并列连词还有：
not
only...
but
also...不但……而且……
not...
but...不是……而是……
...or...
……或者……
①It
had
also
given
me
a
choice，either
to
leave
that
page
blank
or
to
keep
writing
the
story
with
hope.
它也给了我一个选择，或者留着那页空白或者带着希望继续写故事。
②This
phenomenon
is
neither
good
nor
bad.
这种现象既不好也不坏。
③Has
(have)either
he
or
his
classmates
known
the
secret？他或者他的同学们知道这个秘密吗？
④Not
you
but
I
was
(be)mistaken.
不是你而是我错了。
⑤Not
only
Tom
but
also
his
brother
is
(be)
fond
of
watching
football
matches.
不仅汤姆而且他的弟弟也喜欢看足球比赛。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．A
balanced
(balance)
diet
is
very
important
for
our
health.
2．She
looked
very
astonished(astonish)
when
she
heard
the
news.
3．We
are
proud
of
our
achievements
and
hopeful
for
the
future.
4．I
used
to
go
(go)
to
work
on
foot,
but
now
I
drive
there.
5．Neither
I
nor
my
sister
has
(have)
even
been
to
America.
6．There
are
many
developments
in
the
area
of
language
teaching.
7．You
are
late.You
are
supposed
to
have
arrived
(arrive)
five
minutes
ago.
8．The
more
you
practise
speaking
English,
the
greater
(great)
progress
you'll
make
in
it.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．教师应该对所有学生一视同仁。
Teachers
are
supposed
to
treat
all
the
students
alike.
2．我过去常去公园，但是现在根本没有时间去了。
I
used
to
go
to
the
park,
but
I
never
get
the
time
now.
3．我想这周该轮到我开车送孩子们上学了。
I
think
it's
my
turn
to
drive
the
kids
to
school
this
week.
4．请把词典放在书架上或书桌上。
Please
put
the
dictionary
either
on
the
bookshelf
or
on
the
desk．
5．——我可以打开窗子来放进新鲜空气吗？
—May
I
open
the
window
to
let
in
some
fresh
air?
——去开吧！
—Go
ahead！
PAGE
