Unit
14
Careers
Not
easy
to
seek
jobs
求职之路却并不轻松，不少应届大学生面临着各种歧视。星座、血型、颜值都成为了被拒的理由。
“It's
just
unfair，”sighed
a
graduate，who
was
rejected
in
a
job
interview.“Later，I
found
out
that
they
prefer
Gemini
(双子座)
and
Libra
(天秤座)，but
I'm
a
Leo
(狮子座)．I
can
accept
failure
if
it's
because
of
my
bad
performance
and
working
capacity，but
not
for
my
zodiac
sign.”
In
fact，employment
discrimination
has
always
been
a
highly
discussed
topic.“It's
common
that
some
employers
set
up
hidden
conditions
when
recruiting
people，such
as
zodiac
signs
and
blood
type，”said
Liu
Tong，who's
been
working
as
a
human
resource
staff
member
for
years.“For
example，one's
zodiac
sign
can
reveal
some
possible
features
of
personality，which
sometimes
can
be
used
to
measure
whether
a
person
will
fit
in
well
with
the
team
or
get
along
with
the
boss.”
“Blood
types
can
also
show
a
person's
working
style
to
some
extent，”she
said.According
to
her，people
with
type
A
blood
tend
to
be
considered
more
careful
and
cautious，while
those
with
B
are
more
passionate.AB
blood
types
are
more
likely
to
be
reasonable
and
good
at
logic，while
those
with
O
blood
are
regarded
as
happier
and
more
relaxed.
“A
team
needs
different
types
of
people
to
keep
a
balance
and
create
a
good
working
atmosphere.There
is
no
good
or
bad
judgment
as
to
blood
type，”Liu
said.“After
all，each
individual
is
different，and
all
this
hidden
information
is
for
reference
only.”
[诱思导读]
阅读短文，回答下列问题。
What
does
Liu
Tong
think
of
people
with
type
A
blood?
He
thinks
they
are
more
careful
and
cautious.
[阅读障碍词]
1．capacity
n．
能力
2．discrimination
n.
歧视
3．recruit
vt.
吸收，招募
4．to
some
extent
在某种程度上
5．reasonable
adj.
理智的，合理的
6．reference
n.
参考
SectionⅠ Reading(Ⅰ)
(Warm?up
&
Lesson
1)
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.reward
A．n.错误
( )2.charge
B．n.理解
( )3.summary
C．n.奖赏
( )4.aid
D．vt.请教；查阅
( )5.error
E．adj.随意的，非正式的
( )6.comprehension
F．vt.收费，要价
( )7.consult
G．n.指导
( )8.casual
H．n.摘要，总结
( )9.quarrel
I．vi.争吵，吵架
( )10.guidance
J．n.援助，帮助
[答案] 1—5 CFHJA 6—10 BDEIG
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
( )1.Food
supplies
had
run
out.
( )2.Winners
will
be
rewarded
with
a
trip
to
England.
( )3.The
old
man
hobbled
along
with
the
aid
of
his
stick.
( )4.Under
the
guidance
of
the
experienced
hunter，we
easily
climbed
down
the
side
of
the
cliff.
( )5.The
food
on
board
is
free
of
charge.
[答案] 1—5 CDBEA
Everybody's
good
at
something!
Do
this
personality
test
and
find
the
right
job
for
you.
1．A
friend
is
having
problems
writing
a
plot
summary(摘要)
for
a
book
report.She
asks
you
to
help
her.What
would
you
do?
a)Help
her
after
school.Tell
her
to
phone
you
if
she
needs
any
more
guidance(指导)．
b)Give
her
a
model
paragraph(段落)
and
tell
her
the
names
of
some
helpful
books.
c)Suggest
ways
to
write
a
clear，accurate
summary.
d)Tell
her
to
make
a
timetable(时间表)
so
she
can
finish
the
plot
summary
and
book
report
on
time.
2．You
are
working
for
an
institute
(机构)that
gives
aid
(帮助)
to
the
poor
in
a
small
village①.Your
boss
tells
your
team
to
repair
an
old
pump
(抽水机)
near
a
river.What
would
you
do?
a)Ask
the
villagers
what
they
want.Ask
them
to
give
you
advice.
b)Choose
a
certain
job
that
you
think
you
could
do
well，such
as
collecting
data(资料)②.
Then
plan
how
you
could
do
the
job
well.
c)Try
to
improve
the
design
of
the
pump.Look
at
the
river
and
see
if
there
is
a
better
place
to
build
the
pump.
d)Ask
everybody
in
your
team
to
do
certain
jobs.Make
sure
they
know
what
to
do③.Choose
one
of
the
hardest
jobs
for
yourself
to
set
an
example④.
人各有专长
做一下这个性格测试，找到适合你的工作。
1．一个朋友在写读书报告的故事情节概述时遇到一些问题，她来向你寻求帮助，你会怎么做呢？
a)放学后帮助她，并告诉她如果需要更多指导可以给你打电话。
b)提供一段样例给她，并告诉她一些会用的上的书目。
c)就如何写清楚、准确的概述给他提出建议。
d)让她制定一个工作时间表，以保证按时完成故事情节概述读书报告。
2．你在一家给某个小山村的穷人提供援助的机构工作，你的上司要求你的工作团队维修一条河附近的老水泵，你会怎么做？
a)询问村民有什么要求，征求他们的意见。
b)选择一项你能做好的工作，例如收集资料，然后计划如何很好的完成这项工作。
c)尽量改进水泵的设计，查看是否有更适合安装水泵的河段。
d)给团队中的每一个人分配一些工作，并让他们明确自己的任务。自己承担一项最艰巨的任务——给他人树立榜样。
[助读讲解] ①此句是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词an
institute；give
aid
to对……援助；the
poor穷人。
②That引导定语从句，修饰先行词job。
③“疑问词＋不定式”在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。此处作宾语。
④set
an
example
(to
sb.)(给某人)树立榜样
3．You
are
on
a
school
trip
and
the
coach
has
an
accident
when
a
deer
runs
across
the
road⑤.
No
one
is
hurt，but
you
are
stuck
on
a
forest
road
with
no
traffic.It
is
getting
dark
and
it
has
started
to
snow.What
would
you
do?
a)Talk
to
anybody
who
looks
afraid
or
worried.Tell
them
not
to
worry.
b)Keep
calm.You
know
that
the
situation
is
not
really
dangerous
and
somebody
is
going
to
get
help.
c)Tell
your
friends
a
story，while
you
are
waiting
for
help.
d)Take
charge
of⑥
the
situation.Ask
a
small
group
to
go
to
the
nearest
village
to
get
help.Tell
everybody
on
the
bus
to
put
on
more
clothes
to
keep
warm.
4．Last
week
your
teacher
asked
your
class
to
perform
a
short
play
for
the
school.So
far⑦
nothing
has
been
done
and
there
are
only
ten
days
until
the
performance.What
would
you
do?
a)Offer
to
take
part
and
ask
others
to
do
the
same.Help
people
to
learn
their
lines.
b)Organise
some
of
the
practical
things，such
as
costumes，scenery
and
sound
effects.
c)Think
of
topics
for
the
play.Write
the
dialogue
and
show
it
to
the
class.
d)Offer
to
direct
the
performance.Choose
people
for
different
roles.
3.在一次学校组织的旅游中，长途车在躲闪一只冲过马路的鹿时出了事故。虽然并无人受伤，但车陷在了一条不能通车的林间小路上。天渐渐黑了，还下起了雪。你会怎么做呢？
a)和那些看上去恐惧、焦虑的人交谈，让他们不必担心。
b)保持镇静。你知道情况并不是真的很危险，会有人将去寻求帮助。
c)在等待救援的时候，给朋友们讲个故事。
d)控制局势。派一个小队去最近的村庄寻求帮助，并让留在车上的人加穿衣服以保持温暖。
4．上周老师要求你们班准备一个要在学校表演的短剧。离表演只剩下十天了，但是目前为止，你们还什么都没做，你会怎么做？
a)主动要求参加，并请其他人也参加，帮助别人记台词。
b)安排具体事宜，如服装，场景和声音效果。
c)为短剧出谋划策，编写对白，让全班同学看。
d)主动要求做导演，选择演员饰演不同角色。
[助读讲解] ⑤when引导时间状语从句。 ⑥take
charge
of接管，控制；负责；
in
charge
of管理(表示主动，主语一般是人)；in
the
charge
of...由……管理(表示被动，主语一般是物) ⑦so
far表示“迄今为止”，多与现在完成时连用。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P22教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A．Everybody
is
good
at
something.
B．It
is
a
personality
test，which
helps
to
find
a
right
job.
C．It
describes
different
kinds
of
people.
D．It
is
a
personality
test，which
helps
to
find
a
friend.
2．What's
the
purpose
of
the
questionnaire?
A．To
check
your
personality
and
find
which
job
is
fit
for
you.
B．To
ask
for
advice
on
how
to
solve
problems.
C．To
examine
the
students
in
English.
D．To
employ
some
workers.
[答案] 1－2 BA
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P22教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．This
passage
is
a
kind
of
.
A．announcement
B．questionnaire
C．fable
D．myth
2．How
many
situations
are
mentioned
in
this
passage?
A．3.
B．4.
C．5. D．6.
3．What
do
the
four
situations
have
in
common?
A．A
friend
is
having
problems
and
asks
for
help.
B．You
should
give
aid
to
poor
areas.
C．Keep
calm
in
dangerous
situations.
D．The
four
situations
ask
you
for
your
advice
what
you
would
do.
[答案] 1－3 BBD
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P22教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The
passage
1.mainly(main)
shows
you
how
to
find
the
right
job
for
yourself.If
one
of
your
friends
asks
for
your
help
on
how
to
write
2.a
plot
summary
or
a
book
report，you
could
give
her
a
model
paragraph，some
3.advice(advise)and
tell
her
some
useful
books'
names.If
your
boss
asks
your
team
to
give
aid
4.to
other
people，you
may
tell
everyone
in
your
team
to
do
certain
5.jobs(job)，and
try
your
best
6.to
set
(set)
an
example
for
them.But
if
something
happens
you
first
take
charge
of
the
situation，7.keeping(keep)
calm
during
your
journey
and
try
to
get
some
help
to
calm
others
down.8.In
a
word，no
matter
what
happens
in
your
life，you
must
make
9.yourself
(you)keep
calm
first，then
try
to
make
a
quick
and
correct
10.decision
(decide)，and
at
the
same
time，try
to
get
other
people
to
aid
your
decision.
PAGEUnit
14
Careers
Section
Ⅱ Language
Points
(Ⅰ)
(Warm?up
&
Lesson
1)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．He
rewarded(回报)
us
handsomely
for
helping
him.
2．We
won't
charge(要价)
you
for
delivery.
3．When
planning
a
discussion，choose
a
topic(话题)
which
will
interest
and
involve
most
students.
4．With
the
aid(帮助)
of
a
neighbour，she
managed
to
put
out
the
fire.
5．Before
making
a
decision，consult(咨询)
your
parents
and
friends.
6．They
all
came
in
their
best
clothes
and
I
felt
out
of
place
in
my
casual
clothes.
7．My
only
quarrel
about
this
plan
is
that
it's
going
to
take
far
too
long.
8．According
to
the
timetable，there
was
another
train
at
6：15.
9．The
plane
crash
was
caused
not
by
a
technical
fault
but
by
human
error(s)．
10．The
whole
family
survives
on
the
mother's
monthly
income
of
less
than
DS|
500.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性或汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．consult
vt.请教；查阅→consultor
n．顾问；主教顾问团成员
2．chemist
n．化学家→chemistry
n．化学
3．receive
vt.接收→reception
n．接待；接待处；招待会→receptionist
n．接待员→receiver
n．接收者
4．insure
vt.保险；确保→insurance
n．保险
5．comprehend
vt.理解→comprehension
n．理解
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．take
charge
of
接管，控制
2．make
sure
务必，一定
3．on
time
按时，准时
4．so
far
到目前为止
5．set
an
example
树立榜样
6．run
across
偶然遇到
7．send...off...
将……寄出/发出；给……送行
8．rather
than
而不是
9．at
all
times
时常；总是；随时
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．These
are
political
rather
than
social
matters.
2．I
ran
across
an
old
friend
in
the
street.
3．Can
you
take
charge
of
this
class
please，Miss
Li?
4．The
rule
is
that
someone
must
be
on
duty
at
all
times.
5．She
arrives
at
the
office
early
to
set
an
example
to
the
others.
6．Do
you
think
you'll
get
the
work
finished
on
time?
[寻规律、巧记忆]
v.＋?er→n.
v.＋across→动词短语
teacher老师waiter侍者singer歌唱家
get
across被理解go
across穿过come
across偶然遇到
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.Make
sure
they
know
what
to
do.确保他们明确自己该干什么。
“疑问词＋不定式”引导从句
我必须得问问老师下一步做什么。I
have
to
ask
the
teacher
what
to
do
next.
2.So
far，nothing
has
been
done
and
there
are
only
ten
days
until
the
performance.离表演只剩下10天了，但到目前为止，什么都还没有做。
现在完成时
至今我们没有过这种投诉。So
far
we
have
not
had
any
complaint
of
this
kind.
3.Listen
rather
than
speak—learn
as
much
as
possible
about
your
job
and
the
company.与其多说不如聆听——尽可能多地了解你的工作和公司的情况。
rather
than连接并列成分
他喜欢当外科医生而不愿当内科医生。He
prefers
to
be
a
surgeon
rather
than
a
physician.
4.Keep
your
desk
tidy
at
all
times.让你的桌子始终保持整洁。
keep＋宾语＋宾补
这种手套保暖好。This
kind
of
gloves
will
keep
your
hands
warm.
reward
n.
奖赏，回报
v．奖赏，酬谢，报答
(教材P21)The
old
lady
is
offering
a
reward
of
DS|
50
to
anyone
who
finds
her
cat
for
her!
这位老妇人要给为她找到猫的人提供50美元的奖赏！
give/offer
a
reward
for
(doing)
sth.
为(做)某事而给报酬/奖赏
in
reward
(for)
作为(对……的)报答/奖赏
reward
sb.
for
(doing)
sth.
因为(做了)某事而回报某人
reward
sb.
with
sth.
奖赏某人某物
①A
reward
was
offered
for
the
return
of
the
jewels.
为找回珠宝而悬赏。
②His
effort
was
rewarded
with
remarkable
success.
辉煌的成就是对他辛勤努力的回报。
③She
got
nothing
in
reward
for
her
kindness.
她的好心未得到报答。
[明辨异同] award/reward/prize
award
多用于奖项名称，并不指具体的奖品；表示概念、荣誉上的奖
reward
因某种善举、工作努力等而得到的奖励或报酬；悬赏金
prize
多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖获得的奖品或奖金
reward/award/prize
④He
was
nominated(提名)for
the
best
actor
award.
⑤She
won
the
first
prize
in
the
100?meter
race.
⑥It
is
said
that
the
police
have
offered
a(n)
reward
for
information.
charge
vt.收费，要价；指控
n．负责
(教材P21)Lawyers
charge
higher
fee
than
doctors.
律师比医生的酬金都高。
(1)charge
sb.money
for
(doing)
sth.
因(做)某事而收某人的钱
charge
sb.with
sth.＝accuse
sb.of
sth.
指控某人(犯)某罪
(2)in
charge
of
负责，掌管某事
in
the
charge
of
事被人所负责，掌管
take
charge
of
接管，控制
free
of
charge
免费的(地)
①John
will
take
charge
of
the
next
meeting.
约翰将主持下一次会议。
②An
experienced
mechanic
is
in
charge
of
the
job.
＝The
job
is
in
the
charge
of
an
experienced
mechanic.
一位有经验的机械师负责这项工作。
③Recently
some
officials
have
been
charged
with
a
lot
of
crimes.最近，一些官员被指控犯有很多罪。
aid
n.
援助，帮助
v.
帮助
(教材P22)You
are
working
for
an
institute
that
gives
aid
to
the
poor
in
a
small
village.
你在一家给某个小山村的穷人提供援助的机构工作。
(1)first
aid
急救
in
aid
of...
为帮助……
come
to
one's
aid
帮某人的忙
with/without
the
aid
of...＝with/without
one's
aid
在有/没有……的帮助下
(2)aid
sb.to
do
sth.＝aid
sb.with
sth.
帮助某人做某事
aid
sb.in
(doing)
sth.
在某方面帮助某人
①They
all
came
to
my
aid
yesterday.
他们昨天都来帮助我了。
②With
the
aid
of
my
English
teacher，I
have
made
great
progress
this
term.
在我的英语老师的帮助下，这个学期我取得了很大进步。
③They
aided
in
solving(solve)
the
problem.
他们帮助解决这个问题。
run
across跑过，穿越，横跨；偶然遇到，不期而遇
(教材P22)You
are
on
a
school
trip
and
the
coach
has
an
accident
when
a
deer
runs
across
the
road.
在一次学校组织的旅游中，长途车在躲闪一只冲过马路的鹿时出了事故。
run
after
追逐
run
away
逃跑；跑掉
run
down
撞死；撞伤
run
into
使(车辆)撞在……上；偶然遇到
run
out
用完；耗尽
run
out
of
用光；用完
①The
policemen
are
running
after
a
prisoner
who
escaped
last
night.
警察在追捕一名昨夜逃跑的犯人。
②She
hit
the
boy
and
he
ran
away.
她打那个小男孩，那小男孩就跑了。
③I
just
happened
to
run
into
an
old
friend
in
a
hotel.
我碰巧在一家旅店遇见了一位老友。
④We
have
run
out
of
rice.Will
you
buy
some
at
the
grain
shop
nearby?
我们的米已经吃完了。你到附近粮店买些好吗？
[名师点津]
“偶然相遇”的多种表达方式
quarrel
vi.争吵，吵架
(教材P23)Don't
quarrel
with
anyone.
不要和任何人争吵。
(1)quarrel
about/over
关于……争吵
quarrel
with
sb.on/over/about
sth.
与某人就某事吵架
(2)have
a
quarrel
with
sb.about/over
sth.
因为某事与某人争吵/吵架
①Do
not
quarrel
with
people
if
you
don't
have
to.
尽量避免和人争吵。
②She
quarrelled
with
her
brother
on
the
terms
of
their
father's
will.
她和哥哥为父亲遗嘱条款一事争吵起来。
③She
had
a
quarrel
with
her
husband
about
who
should
do
the
housework.
她与丈夫就谁应做家务吵了一架。
④They
had
a
bitter
quarrel
about/over
some
money
three
years
ago
and
they
haven't
spoken
to
each
other
since.
他们三年前因为钱的事激烈地吵了一架，自那以后就一直不和对方说话了。
[名师点津]
have
a
quarrel
with
sb.＝have
words
with
sb.“与某人争吵”≠have
a
word
with
sb.“与某人交谈”。
rather
than而不是
(教材P23)Listen
rather
than
speak—learn
as
much
as
possible
about
your
job
and
the
company.
与其多说不如聆听——尽可能多地了解你的工作和公司的情况。
(1)rather
than用作连词，连接两个平行结构。
它构成的句型结构：
prefer
to
do...rather
than
do...
宁可做……而不愿意做……
would
do...rather
than
do...
宁可做……而不愿意做……
would
rather
do...than
do...
宁可做……而不愿意做……
(2)rather
than用作介词，与instead
of同义。
(3)A
rather
than
B 作主语时，谓语要与A在人称、数上保持一致。
①I
prefer
to
get
up
early
rather
than
go
to
school
without
breakfast.我宁可早起也不愿意不吃早饭上学。
②The
children
would
walk
there
rather
than
take
a
bus.
孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽车。
③You
rather
than
I
are(be)
going
to
go
camping.
是你而不是我要去野营。
consult
vt.请教；查阅
(教材P23)He
should
consult
Mr
Jensen
about
the
new
account
on
the
24th.
他应该对24号的新账户向Jensen先生请教。
consult
sb.about
sth.
就某事向某人请教
consult
sth.(＝refer
to
sth.)
查阅(字典等)
consult
with
sb.
与某人商量(事情)；与某人磋商
consult
with
oneself
暗自考虑
①She
consulted
a
lawyer
about
her
divorce.
她向律师请教有关她离婚的事。
②He
consulted
with
his
business
partners
about
the
matter.他与商业合伙人商议了这件事。
[图形助记]
(教材P22)Make
sure
they
know
what
to
do.
确保他们明确自己该干什么。
【要点提炼】 句型：“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构。
此结构中疑问词的选择可依据此疑问句在句中充当的成分而定，如疑问代词what，who，whom，which，whose等一般充当句子的主语、宾语或定语；疑问副词when，where，how等一般充当句子的状语。“疑问句＋不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语或双重宾语等成分。
①When
to
leave
hasn't
been
decided
yet.
何时动身尚未决定。
②We
must
know
what
to
do
next.
我们必须知道(明确)下一步该做什么。
③He
doesn't
know
how
much
money
to
take(take)．
他不知道该带多少钱。
[名师点津]
在“what＋不定式”结构中，不定式中的动词为及物动词，与疑问词what有动宾关系，但不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。
(教材P23)Keep
your
desk
tidy
at
all
times.
让你的桌子始终保持整洁。
【要点提炼】
句中含有“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补由形容词tidy充当。
“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构意为“使……处于某种状态”。宾补可由现在分词?表示动作或状态的持续?、过去分词?表示被动和状态的持续?、形容词、副词以及介宾短语充当。
①Don't
keep
the
door
open.别让门开着。
②I'm
sorry
that
I
have
kept
you
waiting(wait)
for
long.
对不起，让你久等了。
③My
mother
always
keeps
me
at
home
on
Saturday
evening.
周六晚上妈妈总是让我待在家里。
④The
other
students
in
the
class
kept
their
eyes
closed(close)．
班上的其他学生闭着眼睛。
You
know
that
the
situation
is
not
really
dangerous
and
somebody
is
going
to
get
help.
【分析】 本句是一个主从复合句。You
know...是主句；that引导的是宾语从句，作know的宾语；and连接两个并列分句。
【翻译】 你知道情况并不是真的危险，并且有人将去寻求帮助。
突破(三)——间接引语(Ⅰ)
语
境
自
主
领
悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
①“Could
you
lend
me
a
pen？”Peter
asked
me
to
lend
him
a
pen.②“Check
for
errors，please.”The
teacher
ordered
the
class
to
check
for
errors.③“Don't
drink
that
liquid.I
don't
think
it's
water.”The
boy
advised
the
girl
not
to
drink
that
liquid.He
thinks
it
isn't
water.
1.祈使句变为间接引语后，就成了以不定式短语形式出现的宾语补足语。2.转述含有please的祈使句can/could
you...？句型时，动词要用ask。3.否定祈使句的“don't＋动词原形”要变为“not＋动词不定式”，并在not之前加上tell，order或ask。
引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语(Direct
Speech)，即原封不动地引用原话，把它放在引号内；另一种是间接引语(Indirect
Speech)，即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。
一、陈述句的间接引语
直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，在多数情况下都构成一个that引导的宾语从句，引述动词通常是say，tell等。与此同时，间接引语中的人称、时态和其他方面也要相应有所变化。
The
foreigner
said
to
me，“I
like
Beijing
very
much.”
那老外对我说：“我很喜欢北京。”
→The
foreigner
told
me
that
he/she
liked
Beijing
very
much.
那老外告诉我说他(她)很喜欢北京。
She
said，“We
are
very
fond
of
sports.”
她说：“我们都喜欢体育运动。”
→She
said
that
they
were
very
fond
of
sports.
她说他(她)们都喜欢体育运动。
“I'll
go
over
the
grammar
lesson
once
again，”
he
said.
他说：“我将把语法课再复习一遍。”
→He
said
he
would
go
over
the
grammar
lesson
once
again.
他说他将要把语法课再复习一遍。(that可省略)
[即时演练1] 句型转换
①He
said，“I
like
it
very
much.”
→He
said
that
he
liked
it
very
much.
②He
said，“You
told
me
this
story.”
→He
said
that
I
had
told
him
that
story.
二、疑问句的间接引语
1．一般疑问句和反意疑问句
一般疑问句或反意疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并要加连词if
或
whether，其主句动词常用ask，wonder，want
to
know，didn't
know等。句末不用问号。
My
teacher
asked
me，“Do
you
like
American
country
music？”
我的老师问我：“你喜欢美国乡村音乐吗？”
→My
teacher
asked
me
if/whether
I
liked
American
country
music.
我老师问我是否喜欢美国乡村音乐。
“You
haven't
been
to
Beijing，have
you？”
asked
he.
他问：“你没去过北京，是吗？”
→He
asked
me
if/whether
I
had
been
to
Beijing.
他问我是否去过北京。
2．否定的一般疑问句和选择问句
如果直接引语为否定的一般问句或选择疑问句时，用whether...or
连接。
She
said，“Don't
you
know
my
telephone
number？”
她说：“你难道不知道我的电话号码吗？”
→She
asked
me
whether
I
knew
her
telephone
number
or
not.
她问我是否知道她的电话号码。
“Do
you
like
this
one
or
that
one？”
Tom
asked.
汤姆问：“你是喜欢这个还是那个？”
→Tom
asked
me
whether
I
liked
this
one
or
that
one.
汤姆问我是喜欢这个还是那个。
3．特殊疑问句
间接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语前仍然用疑问词作为连词引导宾语从句，注意从句必须用陈述语序，主句谓语动词常用ask。
He
asked，“How
do
you
like
it？”
他问：“你觉得怎样？”
→He
asked
me
how
I
liked
it.
他问我觉得它怎样。
She
asked
me，“What's
the
matter
with
you？”
她问我：“你怎么啦？”
→She
asked
me
what
was
the
matter
with
me.
她问我我怎么啦。
“How
many
books
do
you
have？”
she
asked.
她问：“你有多少本书？”
→She
asked
me
how
many
books
I
had.
她问我有多少本书。
4．其他
英语中有些疑问句并非提出疑问，而是表示请求、劝告、建议等。这种疑问句变为间接引语时，往往采用其他形式。
(1)suggest
doing
sth.
“Shall
we
all
go
to
the
film
tonight？”
said
Michael.
迈克尔说：“我们今晚都去看电影，好吗？”
→Michael
suggested
going
to
the
film
tonight.
迈克尔建议今晚去看电影。
“What
about
having
a
drink？”
he
asked.
他问：“喝杯怎么样？”
→He
suggested
having
a
drink.
他建议喝一杯。
(2)advise
sb.to
do
sth.
“Why
don't
you
go
hiking？”
asked
James.
詹姆士问：你为什么不徒步旅行？
→James
advised
me
to
go
hiking.
詹姆士建议我去徒步旅行。
(3)offer
to
do
sth.
He
said，“Would
you
like
me
to
post
the
letter？”
他说：“你要我寄信吗？”
→He
offered
to
post
the
letter.
他主动提出寄信。
(4)ask
sb.to
do
sth.
“Will
you
please
bring
your
reference
book
here
tomorrow？”
she
said
to
me.
她对我说：“劳驾你明天把你的参考书带来好吗？”
→She
asked
me
to
take
my
reference
book
there
the
next
day.
她让我第二天把我的参考书带去。
[即时演练2] 句型转换
①She
said，“Is
your
father
an
engineer？”
→She
asked
me
whether
my
father
was
an
engineer.
②“What
do
you
do
every
Sunday
morning？”my
friend
said
to
me.
→My
friend
asked
me
what
I
did
every
Sunday
morning.
三、祈使句的间接引语
1．直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语往往用复合宾语来表示，其结构为主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(动词不定式)。引述动词可根据口气选用tell，ask，order，command，request等词，句中please去掉。
She
said
to
me，“Please
have
a
rest.”
她对我说：“请休息一下。”
→She
asked
me
to
have
a
rest.
她要求我休息一下。
“Don't
all
answer
at
once，”
she
said
to
the
pupils.
她对学生说：“大家不要齐声回答。”
→She
told
the
pupils
not
to
answer
all
at
once.
她叫学生不要齐声回答。
2．带有let的祈使句(表示请求，建议或命令)，可用suggest＋?ing形式或suggest
＋that从句来表示其相应的意思。
“Let's
go
for
a
walk”，said
the
girl.
那女孩说，让我们去散散步吧。
→The
girl
suggested
going
for
a
walk.
这个女孩建议去散散步。
The
teacher
said，“Let
Lily
tidy
the
classroom.”
老师说：“让莉莉整理教室。”
→The
teacher
suggested
that
Lily
should
tidy
the
classroom.
老师建议让莉莉整理教室。
[即时演练3] 句型转换
①The
teacher
said，“Don't
talk
in
class！”
→The
teacher
told
us
not
to
talk
in
class!
②The
captain
said
to
his
men，“Fire！”
→The
captain
ordered
his
men
to
fire.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．She
said
that
their
bus
would
arrive
in
five
minutes.
2．He
asked
John
if/whether
he
could
swim.
3．She
asked
me
when
they
had
their
dinner.
4．She
asked
him
to
bring(bring)
her
a
cup
of
tea.
5．He
suggested
that
they
should
go(go)
to
see
the
film.
6．Mother
told
me
not
to
go(go)
out
at
night.
7．Jim
said
that
he
wanted
to
move(move)
to
the
south.
8．My
mother
asked
me
whether/if
I
had
finished
the
homework.
9．Why
not
do(do)
as
your
teacher
tells
you
to?
10．He
asked
me
what
I
did
on
the
weekend?
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．He
asked
how
much
did
I
pay
for
the
computer.
did
I
pay→I
paid
2．He
asked
me
if
I
have
seen
the
film.
have→had
3．He
asked
me
close
the
window.
close前加to
4．He
said
that
he
is
a
teacher.
is→was
5．He
asked
how
was
I
getting
along.
was
I→I
was
6．They
asked
that
he
was
there.
that→if/whether
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Fortune
often
rewards
those
with
interest
who
have
patience
to
wait
for
her.
2．They
were
charged
with
disturbing(disturb)
the
public
peace.
3．We
should
not
do
anything
under
the
guidance
of
instincts.
4．I
have
had
(have)
no
reply
from
her
so
far.
5．I
have
to
consult
the
manager
about
the
matter.
6．The
bus
was
in
the
charge
of
the
driver.
7．They
often
quarrel
with
each
other
about
trifles.
8．This
morning
I
ran
across
my
old
friend
on
my
way
home.
9．Summer
schools
aid
you
to
make(make)
friends
with
children
from
all
over
the
world.
10．I
haven't
decided
whether
to
accept
(accept)
the
invitation
or
not.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I
prefer
to
snack
when
I'm
travelling
rather
than
to
have
a
full
meal.
去掉第二个to
2．Our
food
will
soon
run
out
of.
去掉of
3．I'll
consult
my
partners
about
this
agreement.
consult后加with
4．This
kindergarten
is
in
charge
of
a
young
girl.
in后加the
5．When
and
where
to
hold
the
meeting
have
not
been
decided.
have→has
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．她被发现藏有危险物品。
She
was
found
in
possession
of
dangerous
drugs.
2．她宁可坐地铁，也不开车。
She
would
rather
take
the
subway
than
drive.
3．不知道下一步干什么，她停下来等着。
Not
knowing
what
to
do
next，she
stopped
to
wait.
4．他工作很辛苦，报酬却很少，这不公平。
It
is
unfair
that
he
gets
very
little
in
reward
for
his
hard
work.
5．他正因那把丢失的小刀和他的同桌发生口角。
He's
having
a
quarrel
with
his
deskmate
about
the
lost
knife.
PAGEUnit
14
Careers
Section
Ⅲ Reading(Ⅱ)
(Lesson
2
&
Lesson
3)
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.appointment
A．n.
基础，根据
( )2.childhood
B．adj.
附近的，周围的
( )3.instant
C．n.
片刻，瞬息
( )4.moral
D．adv.
不断地
( )5.basis
E．n.
生活；存在
( )6.surrounding
F．vt.
战胜，克服
( )7.junior
G．n.
约见，约会
( )8.overcome
H．n.
品德；品行
( )9.existence
I．adj.
低级的
( )10.constantly
J．n.
童年，儿童时代
[答案] 1－5 GJCHA 6－10 BIFED
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
( )1.The
idea
of
God
has
been
in
existence
for
as
long
as
human
beings
have
worshipped.
( )2.He
was
committed
to
the
study
of
plants.
( )3.The
key
you
lost
has
turned
up.
( )4.I
will
meet
you
the
instant
you
arrive.
( )5.After
all
these
years，we've
at
last
paid
off
all
our
debts.
[答案] 1—5 DCBEA
(教师用书独具)
The
Road
to
Success
As
a
child，Wang
Junyan
never
dreamed
of
becoming
a
famous
person
on
TV.“I
never
thought
about
going
on
TV
because
my
family
didn't
even
have
one
until
I
was
in
junior
high
school①！”
she
explained.Now
Wang
Junyan
is
the
presenter
for
Universe
TV's
news
programmes.I
asked
her
how
she
had
achieved
success
and
she
told
me
that
being
curious，working
hard，and
believing
in
what
was
true
made
her
the
success
she
is
today②.
“It
was
my
mother
who
taught
me
to
be
curious③.She
had
a
great
love
of④
everything
in
the
universe
and
she
taught
me
to
be
interested
in
mankind
and
nature，everything
from
plants
to
insects，”
Junyan
told
me.“We
would
look
in
old
nests
to
find
birds'
feathers
and
we
would
even
turn
over
stones
to
look
at
the
little
creatures
there.I
loved
doing
that，”
remembered
Junyan.She
said，“My
mother
was
a
strong
character.Although
there
were
lots
of
difficulties
to
overcome，she
never
let
her
problems
defeat
her.She
worked
extremely
hard
to
support
me
through
school
and
during
my
time
at
Fudan
University
in
Shanghai.Her
attitude
towards
life
will
never
stop
influencing
my
thoughts
and
actions.”
成功之路
孩提时，王君燕从未梦想过成为一名著名的电视人，她解释说：我从来没想过从事电视工作，因为直到上初中我家才有了一台电视机。而现在王君燕成了环球电视新栏目的主持人，我问她是怎样获得成功的，她告诉我，是好奇，努力工作和忠于事实的原则使他成为了今日的成功者。
君燕对我说，是母亲教我对事物充满好奇心，她热爱宇宙中的任何事物，教我对人类和自然从植物到昆虫的任何事物感兴趣。君燕对我说：我们会在旧鸟巢里寻找鸟的羽毛。甚至把石头翻起来观察那里的小虫子。我习惯这样做。她还说：妈妈是个很坚强的人，虽然生活中有许多困难，但是她从不让困难打败自己。她拼命工作供我上学，知道我从上海的复旦大学毕业，她对待生活的态度一直影响着我的思想和行动。
[助读讲解] ①not...until“直到……才”，until引导时间状语从句。
②句中that引导宾语从句，作told的宾语，what引导的宾语从句作介词in
的宾语。
③It
was...who...是强调句。该句被强调的部分是my
mother。
④have
a
great
love
of...对……非常热爱
After
graduating
from
university，Wang
Junyan
became
a
reporter
for
a
local
newspaper.She
said
she
chose
to
be
a
journalist
because
it
is
important
that
people
grasp
what
is
going
on
around
them⑤.I
asked
her
if
there
was
any
special
moment
that
made
her
realise
this⑥
and
she
replied
that
it
was
after
she
was
asked
to
inspect
an
illegal
business.Her
report
helped
the
people
who
had
been
affected
and
it
also
helped
the
government
inspect
the
company
and
catch
the
guilty
people.“That
is
when
I
realised
the
importance
of
being
a
journalist⑦，”
said
Junyan.
大学毕业后，王君燕成为了当地一家报社的记者，她说选择做记者是因为了解周围发生的事对人们是最重要的，我问她有没有什么特别的时刻使她认识到这一点，她回答说在调查一桩非法交易之后。她的报道不仅帮助了那些受害者，还协助了政府调查那家公司并且抓住了罪犯。君燕说：就是在那时我意识到了新闻记者有多重要。
[助读讲解] ⑤it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句；what引导的从句作grasp的宾语。
⑥that引导定语从句，修饰先行词moment。
⑦when引导表语从句。
“Writing
that
report
wasn't
easy，but
I
realised
that
people
needed
to
know
and
so
I
didn't
give
up，”
Junyan
told
me.This
paid
off
because
she
won
an
award
for
the
report.“I
discovered
then
that
as
long
as⑧
I
am
committed
and
never
give
up
I
will
be
able
to
produce
high
quality
reports.”That's
exactly
what
Wang
Junyan
has
been
doing
as
the
face
of
Universe
TV⑨.
I
asked
Junyan
what
she
liked
most
about
her
job
and
she
said
that
although
there
wasn't
much
glory
in
a
reporter's
existence，she
found
it
interesting
and
challenging⑩.“I
meet
a
lot
of
people
and
go
to
many
different
places.I'm
never
bored
in
this
job！”
She
added
that
as
a
reporter
she
needed
many
different
skills
and
was
constantly
challenged
to
learn
new
things.Finally，I
asked
her
if
after
many
years
she
still
felt
curious.Smiling
brightly，she
told
me，“Nothing
that
I
learned
from
my
mother
has
ever
left
me.Today
when
I'm
looking
for
stories，I
still
feel
like
I'm
turning
over
stones
to
see
what
might
be
hiding
beneath！”
君燕告诉我，写出那篇报道并不容易。但是我意识到人们需要知道真相，所以我没有放弃。她的坚持获得了成功，因为她的报道获奖了。我发现，只要我具有献身精神并决不放弃，就能写出高质量的报道。这也是王君燕成为环球电视的主持人后一直努力做的。
我问君燕她最喜欢工作中的哪些方面。她说作为记者虽然不会得到很多的荣耀，但是很有趣，很有挑战性，我见到了很多人，去了很多不同的地方，这份工作永远不会使我厌烦！还补充说，作为一名记者，必须具备很多不同的技能，并且要不断的面对学习新事物的挑战，最后，我问她很多年以后是否会感到好奇，她一脸灿烂的笑容告诉我说：我从未忘记从妈妈那里学到的东西，现在每当我寻找新闻故事的时候，还常常觉得好像自己是在搬起那些石头，去看看下面藏着什么东西。
[助读讲解] ⑧as
long
as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。
⑨what引导表语从句，其中has
been
doing是现在完成进行时。
⑩“find＋it＋adj.”是“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P26教材课文，选择最佳答案/匹配段落大意
1．The
whole
passage
mainly
tells
us
.
A．Wang
Junyan
is
a
great
woman
B．how
Wang
Junyan
became
a
journalist
C．how
Wang
Junyan
achieved
success
D．why
Wang
Junyan
chose
to
be
a
journalist
2．Para.1
A．The
reason
why
she
chose
to
be
a
journalist.
3．Para.2
B．Characteristics
which
made
her
a
success.
4．Para.3
C．Her
feeling
about
being
a
reporter.
5．Paras.4－5
D．Mother's
influence.
[答案] 1—5 CBDAC
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P26教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．Which
of
the
following
about
Wang
Junyan
is
NOT
right?
A．She
had
been
dreaming
of
becoming
a
journalist
as
a
child.
B．Her
mother
supported
her
most.
C．She
didn't
realise
the
importance
of
her
work
until
she
graduated
and
worked.
D．She
is
the
face
of
Universe
TV.
2．The
reason
why
she
chose
to
be
a
reporter
after
graduation
is
that
.
A．it
is
important
that
people
grasp
what
is
going
on
around
them
B．she
dreamed
of
becoming
a
reporter
when
she
was
a
child
C．her
mother
wanted
her
to
be
a
reporter
D．she
was
curious
of
being
a
reporter
3．Who
taught
her
to
be
curious?
A．Her
teacher.
B．Nobody.
C．Her
father.
D．Her
mother.
4．Junyan
didn't
realise
the
importance
of
being
a
reporter
until
.
A．she
graduated
from
university
B．she
became
a
journalist
for
a
local
newspaper
C．she
was
asked
to
inspect
an
illegal
business
D．she
won
an
award
for
a
report
5．What
can't
we
infer
from
the
last
paragraph?
A．A
reporter
should
have
many
different
skills.
B．She
is
still
turning
over
the
stones
to
find
out
small
creatures
though
she
is
famous
now.
C．As
a
journalist，you
must
face
many
different
challenges.
D．Her
mother's
influence
on
her
will
last
forever.
[答案] 1－5 AADCB
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P26教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Wang
Junyan
is
a
TV
1.presenter(present)
now.She
said
that
it
was
being
curious，working
hard，and
2.believing(believe)
in
what
was
true
that
made
her
the
3.success(succeed)
she
is
today.It
is
her
mother
4.who
taught
her
to
be
curious.After
graduating
from
university，Wang
became
5.a
reporter.Her
report
6.helped(help)people
and
it
also
helped
the
government
inspect
the
company
and
catch
the
7.guilty(guilt)
people.Her
hard
work
8.paid(pay)off
when
she
won
an
award
for
the
report.
She
also
said
that
9.as
a
reporter
she
needed
many
different
skills
and
kept
10.learning
(learn)
new
things.She
still
felt
curious
now.
PAGEUnit
14
Careers
Section
Ⅳ Language
Points(Ⅱ)(Lesson
2
&
Lesson
3)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．He
didn't
wait
for
an
instant(片刻，一会儿)，and
left
immediately.
2．He
has
committed(投入)
himself
to
the
course
of
the
reform.
3．He
did
not
hesitate(犹豫)
about
taking
the
most
difficult
task.
4．The
good
teacher
imparts
wisdom(智慧)
to
his
pupils.
5．Children
begin
to
learn
basic
moral(道德)
in
the
kindergarten.
6．After
she
overcame
her
shyness，she
became
very
outgoing.
7．You
must
grasp
this
opportunity
to
make
yourself
stand
out.
8．The
soldier's
brave
deeds
brought
him
honor
and
glory.
9．The
building
is
regularly
inspected
by
the
fire?safety
officer.
10．The
surrounding
villages
have
been
absorbed
by/into
the
growing
city.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．legal
adj.合法的→illegal
adj.不合法的；违法的
2．constant
adj.不断的→constantly
adv.不断地
3．appoint
v．任命；委派；指定；约定→appointment
n．见面，约会
4．hesitate
v．犹豫→hesitation
n．犹豫
5．commit
vt.投入→commitment
n．承诺；信奉；献身；委任
6．base
vt.以……作基础→basis
n．基础，根据
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．make
up
编造
2．write/take/note/put
down
写下，记下
3．turn
up
出现，现身
4．appoint
sb.as/to
be
sth.
任命某人为
5．be
surrounded
with/by
sth.
被……包围
6．turn
over
翻转
7．get
over
克服
8．pay
off
取得好结果；付清
9．be
committed
to
投身于……
10．hesitate
to
do
sth.
犹豫地做某事
11．judging
from/by
由……判断
12．thanks
to
幸亏
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．Thanks
to
your
explanation，it's
clear
to
me
now.
2．I
guess
it
is
true
that
hard
work
pays
off.
3．Why
didn't
Henry
turn
up
at
the
meeting?
4．We
must
find
out
a
way
to
get
over
the
difficulty.
5．He
was
committed
to
the
cause
of
world
peace.
[寻规律、巧记忆]
il?＋adj.→adj.
v.＋by
→复合短语
illogical不合逻辑的illiterate不识字的illimitable无限的
stand
by支持drop
by顺便拜访come
by路过
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.The
instant
she
stopped
asking
questions，I
got
up
and
went
out
of
the
room.她一问完问题，我就站起来，走出了房间。
the
instant引导时间状语从句
结果一出来，她就告诉了我们。The
instant
the
result
came
out
she
told
us
about
it.
2.It
was
my
mother
who
taught
me
to
be
curious.是母亲教我对事物充满好奇心。
强调句
因为我能够说英语，我得到了那份工作。It
was
because
I
could
speak
English
that
I
got
the
job.
turn
up出现，到达；开大，提高，增加；找到，发现
(教材P24)Turn
up
at
the
interview
a
couple
of
minutes
early.
提前几分钟到达面试地点。
turn
off
关掉(煤气、自来水等)
turn
on
打开(自来水)，开(煤气、灯、电视等)
turn
out
产生(……的)结果，结果弄清楚(是……)
turn
in
转身进入；交出
turn
to
(向某人)求助；注意；翻到(……页)
turn
down
调小(煤气等)，关小(……的声音)；拒绝
turn
over
翻过来，翻转
①The
car
was
turned
over
and
the
driver
was
seriously
injured.
汽车翻倒了，司机受了重伤。
②Be
calm
and
sit
tight
and
everything
will
turn
out
well.
保持镇静，顺其自然，一切都会好转。
③Please
remember
to
turn
off
all
the
lights
when
you
leave.
请记住离开时一定把所有的灯都关掉。
④She
turned
down
every
offer
of
help.
别人提出的帮助她都拒绝了。
make
up构成；占；化妆；打扮；配制；编造；虚构；和好；和解，补偿
(教材P24)Make
up
information
about
yourself.
编造你的个人信息。
写出下列各句中make
up的含义
①I
have
to
make
up
the
English
test
I
missed
last
week.
补上
②The
chemist
quickly
made
up
the
prescription.
配制
③Eight
chapters
make
up
this
volume.
组成
④Bob
makes
up
stories
to
amuse
his
little
brother.
编造
⑤They
often
quarrel
but
often
make
up
soon
after.
和好，和解
⑥It
took
her
more
than
one
hour
to
make
up.
化妆，打扮
make
out
理解；看清楚；假装
make
into
制成；做成(后面跟产品，制成品)
make
up
for
弥补；补充；补偿
make
up
of
由……组成
make
progress
in
在……方面取得进步
make
a
difference
有影响，起(重要)作用，大有作为
⑦Distantly，to
her
right，she
could
make
out
the
town
of
Chiffa.
在她右边，远远的，她依稀能辨认出希法镇。
⑧Bamboo
is
also
made
into
paper.
竹子也能造纸。
⑨The
group
was
made
up
of
doctors.
这个团体是由医生组成的。
appointment
n.
约见；约会
(教材P24)I
turned
up
for
the
appointment
five
minutes
late，so
I
walked
straight
in
and
sat
down.
我比约定的时间晚到了5分钟，因此我径直走进去并坐下。
(1)appointment
n．约见，约会，约定
have/make
an
appointment
with
sb.与某人有约会
by
appointment
按照约定
be
late
for
one's
appointment约会迟到
keep
an
appointment守约
(2)appoint
vt.任命，指定；约定
appoint
sb.(as/to
be)...任命，委任某人……
appoint
sb.to
do...委派某人做……
①Phone
his
secretary
and
make/have
an
appointment
with
the
new
client.
打电话给他的秘书约定与新客户会面的时间。
②It
looks
as
if
I
won't
be
able
to
keep
the
appointment
we
made.
看来我不能如期赴约了。
③We
must
appoint
somebody
to
be/as
headmaster
as
soon
as
possible.
我们必须尽快任命一个人当校长。
④The
director
sees
students
by
appointment
only.
系主任只按约定的时间会见学生。
⑤His
appointment
as/to
be
head
of
department
has
caused
a
lot
of
friction.
任命他为部门经理引起了很大的争执。
pay
off得到好结果，取得成功；还清
(教材P26)This
paid
off
because
she
won
an
award
for
the
report.
她的坚持获得了成功，因为她的报道获奖了。
pay
back
偿还
pay
for
付……的钱；支付
pay
sth.out
为某物付出一大笔钱
pay
up
付清；缴清
①People
should
pay
for
their
rude
manners
early
or
late.
那些不懂礼貌的人迟早要为此付出代价。
②How
can
I
pay
you
back
for
all
your
kindness?
你的这番好意我该怎么报答呢？
③We'll
have
to
pay
out
a
lot
on
repairing
the
house.
我们将不得不为修理这房子花很多钱。
[名师点津]
pay
off在表示“付清……”时是及物动词用法，而“得出好结果，取得成功”是不及物动词用法。
commit
vt.投入，犯(罪)；做(错事等)；把……委托于，交付
(教材P26)I
discovered
then
that
as
long
as
I
am
committed
and
never
give
up
I
will
be
able
to
produce
high
quality
reports.
我发现，只要我具有献身精神并决不放弃，就能写出高质量的报道。
commit...to...
把……投入……
commit
sb./oneself
to(doing)sth.
承诺某人/自己(做)某事
commit
to...
忠于……，全身心地投入……
commit
a
crime
犯罪
commit
suicide
自杀
①If
you
commit
a
crime，you
can
never
escape
being
punished.
你要是犯了罪，就逃脱不了受惩罚。
②He
committed
himself
to
the
study
of
plants.
他专心致志于研究植物。
③He
committed
himself
to
reforming(reform)
health
care.
他致力于改革健康医疗制度。
[名师点津]
commit
oneself
to(doing)sth.表示“专心致志于……”，to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
existence
n.
生活；存在
(教材P26)I
asked
Junyan
what
she
liked
most
about
her
job
and
she
said
that
although
there
wasn't
much
glory
in
a
reporter's
existence，she
found
it
interesting
and
challenging.
我问君燕她最喜欢她的工作的什么地方，她说作为记者虽然没有很大荣耀，但是很有趣，很有挑战性。
(1)in
existence
存在
out
of
existence
消失
come
into
existence
出现，产生
bring
into
existence
使……出现/产生
(2)exist
vi.
存在；生存，生活
exist
in
存在于……之中
exist
on＝live
on
靠……为生
There
exist...
有……，存在……
①The
uncontrolled
whaling
may
put
the
whales
out
of
existence.滥捕鲸会使鲸绝种。
②It
was
impossible
for
them
to
exist
on
such
a
small
income.他们要靠这一点收入生活是不可能的。
③There
exist
different
opinions
on
this
question.
关于这个问题存在着不同的意见。
④New
companies
come
into
existence(exist)
every
year.
每年都有新的公司开业。
(教材P24)The
instant
she
stopped
asking
questions，I
got
up
and
went
out
of
the
room.
她一问完问题，我就站起来，走出了房间。
【要点提炼】 the
instant...“一……就……”是名词性短语引导时间状语从句。
(1)类似的名词性短语用作连词的还有：
the
moment/second/minute
一……就……
the
first
time...
第一次……
every
time...
每次……
the
last
time...
最后一次……
the
next
time...
下次……
(2)表示“一……就……”的句式：
①the
minute/moment/instant/second...，这些名词性短语在此结构中均充当连词，引导时间状语从句。
②immediately/directly这两个词均可引导时间状语从句。
③as
soon
as...，该句式常用于口语中，其引导的从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。
④hardly/scarcely...when...；no
sooner...than...，该句式的主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时(不论主句还是从句，一般都不用一般现在时和一般将来时)。
①We
recognized
her
the
moment
she
entered
the
room.
她一进房间，我们就把她认出来了。
②I
came
here
immediately
(immediate)
after
having
my
supper.
我一吃完晚饭就来这里了。
③Hardly
had
the
game
begun
when
it
started
raining.
比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来了。
突破(四)——间接引语(Ⅱ)
语
境
自
主
领
悟
先观察原句
①Kate
told
Henry，“I
will
come
here
to
watch
these
programs
tomorrow.”→Kate
told
Henry
that
she
would
go
there
to
watch
those
programs
the
next
day.②Mrs
Li
asked
Chen
Fei，“Are
you
interested
in
English？”→Mrs
Li
asked
Chen
Fei
if/whether
he
was
interested
in
English.③Linda
asked，“You
like
the
food，don't
you？”→Linda
asked
(me)
if/whether
I
liked
the
food.④Tom
asked，“Where
are
my
sports
shoes，mom？”→Tom
asked
his
mom
where
his
sports
shoes
were.⑤He
asked，“Where
are
you
to
get
off，John？”→He
asked
John
where
he
was
to
get
off.⑥He
said，“Do
you
like
to
eat
apples
or
oranges？”→He
asked
(me)
whether/if
I
liked
to
eat
apples
or
oranges.
后自主感悟
直接引语变为间接引语时应注意：1.时态的变化：例句①中直接引语为一般将来时，间接引语变为过去将来时；例句②③直接引语为一般现在时，间接引语为一般过去时。2.代词的变化：例句①中I变为she，these变为those；例句②⑤中you变为he；例句③⑥中you变为I；例句④中my变为his。3.状语的变化：例句①中地点状语here变为there，tomorrow变为the
next
day。4.语序的变化：例句①中直接引语为陈述句，间接引语还用陈述语气；例句②③⑥中直接引语为一般疑问句，间接引语需用if/whether引导，并且转变成陈述语气；例句④⑤中直接引语为特殊疑问句，间接引语中疑问词不变，疑问语气改为陈述语气。
一、时态的变化
1．时态的变化
(1)现在时间推移到过去时间
直接引语
间接引语
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
一般过去时
过去完成时
现在完成时
过去完成时
现在进行时
过去进行时
过去完成时
The
old
man
said，“I
have
lived
in
this
street
since
1960.”
→The
old
man
said
that
he
had
lived
in
that
street
since
1960.
那老人说他自从1960年起就住在那条街上了。
He
said，“Is
it
raining？”
→He
asked
if
it
was
raining.
他问是不是正在下雨。
She
said
to
me，“I
wrote
a
letter
to
my
parents
three
days
ago.”
→She
told
me
that
she
had
written
a
letter
to
her
parents
three
days
before.
她告诉我她三天前给她父母写了一封信。
“What
were
you
doing
at
seven
p．m.yesterday？”
he
asked.
→He
asked
me
what
I
was
doing
at
seven
p．m.the
day
before.
他问我昨天晚上七点在干什么。
He
said，“We
shall
get
ready
by
eight
o'clock.”
→He
said
that
they
could
get
ready
by
eight
o'clock.
他说他们在八点前能准备好。
(2)间接引语中保持原来时态不变
在下列情况下，间接引语中的谓语动词时态可以保持不变。
①主句为现在时或将来时，间接引语的时态保持不变。
He
thinks，“She
will
be
back
in
a
month.”
→He
thinks
she
will
be
back
in
a
month.
他认为她将在一个月后回来。
He
says，“I
have
accepted
her
invitation.”
→He
says
he
has
accepted
her
invitation.
他说他已接受了她的邀请。
比较：间接引语中的谓语动词时态对比。
Sarah
said
to
me，“I
have
two
brothers.”
萨拉对我说：“我有两个弟弟。”
Sarah
told
me
that
she
has
two
brothers.
萨拉告诉我说她有两个弟弟。(说话者认为这情况是真实的)
Sarah
told
me
that
she
had
two
brothers.
萨拉告诉我说她有两个弟弟。(说话者对此没有什么把握)
②间接引语表示的是现在的习惯动作、科学真理、客观事实、格言等。
The
geography
teacher
said
to
the
students，“The
earth
moves
round
the
sun.”
→The
geography
teacher
told
the
students
that
the
earth
moves
round
the
sun.
地理老师告诉学生地球围绕太阳转。
He
said，“Every
dog
has
his
day.”
→
He
said
that
every
dog
has
his
day.
他说人皆有出头日。
③间接引语中动词表示的动作说话时仍在进行或状态仍然存在，时态可保持不变。
He
said，“The
window
is
broken.”
→He
said
that
the
window
is
broken.
他说玻璃窗碎了。
④间接引语中有明确的过去时间状语，仍可用一般过去时，不必改为过去完成时。
The
girl
said，“I
was
born
in
1998.”
→The
girl
said
that
she
was
born
in
1998.
那女孩说她生于1998年。
2．情态动词的变化
情态动词在间接引语中都可以改为过去式，must表示必须、推测、禁止等意思时，可不变；表示必须时可不变，也可用had
to
或would
have
to。
The
senior
said，“All
men
must
die.”
→The
senior
said
that
all
men
must
die.
那老者说人总是要死的。
She
said，“I
must
go
to
see
the
doctor
tomorrow
afternoon.”
→She
said
she
must/would
have
to
go
to
see
the
doctor
the
next
afternoon.
她说她不得不在明天下午去看医生。
[即时演练1]
单句改错
①He
said
that
he
usually
watched
TV
on
Sunday.
watched→watches
②He
said
that
he
are
using
the
knife.
are→was
③The
teacher
asked
Li
Ming
where
he
had.
had后加been
二、代词的变化
1．人称代词的变化
(1)当主句的主语是第一人称时，引语中的人称代词不变。
I
said，“You
did
quite
well
in
the
exam
yesterday.”
→I
said
that
you
had
done
quite
well
in
the
exam
the
day
before.
我说你那天考得不错。
(2)直接引语中主语是第一人称时，在改为间接引语时，其人称与主句中的主语的人称一致。
He
said
to
Tom，“I'll
do
my
best
to
catch
up
with
others.”
→He
told
Tom
that
he
would
do
his
best
to
catch
up
with
others.
他告诉汤姆他将尽他所能赶上其他人。
(3)直接引语中主语是第二人称时，在改为间接引语时，其人称和主句的宾语相一致。
He
said
to
her，“Where
did
you
put
the
glasses？”
→He
asked
her
where
she
had
put
the
glasses.
他问她，她把杯子放哪儿了。
提示：
如果主句中无宾语，应根据语境或想象，自添适当的宾语；如果直接引语中有呼语，则将其改为间接引语的宾语。
Mother
asked，“Where
have
you
been？”
→Mother
asked
me
where
I
had
been.
母亲问我去哪儿了。
“Why
are
you
late
again，John？”
the
teacher
asked.
→The
teacher
asked
John
why
he
was
late
again.
老师问约翰为什么他又迟到。
(4)直接引语中主语是第三人称时，在改为间接引语时不发生变化。
He
said
to
Tom，“She
can
help
them.”
→
He
told
Tom
that
she
could
help
them.
他告诉汤姆她能够帮助他们。
2．物主代词的变化
“You
should
not
overlook
your
fault”，Mum
said
to
me.
→Mum
told
me
that
I
should
not
overlook
my
fault.
妈妈对我说我不应该忽略自己的缺点。
The
two
boys
said，“We
have
lost
our
dog.”
→The
two
boys
said
they
had
lost
their
dog.
这两个男孩说他们的狗丢了。
3．指示代词的变化
直接引语中的指示代词this；these
间接引语中的指示代词
that；those
She
said，“This
is
the
house
in
which
Lu
Xun
once
lived.”
→She
said
that
that
was
the
house
in
which
Lu
Xun
had
once
lived.
她说那是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。
“I
bought
these
flowers
for
you”，Jane
said.
→Jane
said
that
she
had
bought
those
flowers
for
me.
简说她买了那些花送给我。
[即时演练2]
将直接引语变为间接引语
①He
said，“I
am
very
busy.”
→He
said
that
he
was
very
busy.
②He
said，“Can
you
finish
your
work
on
time？”
→He
said
to
me
if
I
could
finish
my
work
on
time.
③She
said，“He
wants
to
go
shopping
alone.”
→She
said
that
he
wanted
to
go
shopping
alone.
三、状语的变化
1．时间状语的变化
He
said，“I
spoke
to
them
yesterday.”
→He
said
that
he
had
spoken
to
them
the
day
before.
他说他前一天跟他们讲过话了。
The
student
said，“We
have
learned
about
3,000
English
words
so
far.”
→The
student
said
that
they
had
learned
about
3,000
English
words
by
then.
那学生说到那时为止他们已学会了3
000个英语单词。
2．地点状语的变化
当直接引语变间接引语时，地点状语here通常变为there。但如果说话人所在地点就是引述人所在地点，那么仍然使用here。
“Come
here，please，”
he
said.
→He
asked
me
to
come
here.
他叫我到这里来。(引述人地点不变)
→He
asked
me
to
go
there.
他叫我到那里去。(引述人地点发生变化)
[即时演练3]
单句改错
①He
told
me
that
she
had
burst
out
into
a
flood
of
tears
here.
here→there
②He
said
that
it
was
nine
o'clock
now.
now→then
③He
said
that
his
sister
had
been
there
three
days
ago.
ago→before
四、语序变化
当我们用自己的语言转述别人的话语时，称为间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句，用陈述句语序。而主句部分则根据语境的需要选择适当的转述动词。
直接引语变成间接引语有以下几种情况
1．直接引语为陈述句，间接引语变成that引导的宾语从句。
John
said，“I
like
reading
adventure
stories.”
→John
said
that
he
liked
reading
adventure
stories.
2．直接引语是一般疑问句，间接引语变成if/whether引导的宾语从句。
He
asked
Mary，“Do
you
want
to
go
to
the
concert
with
me？”
→He
asked
Mary
if/whether
she
wanted
to
go
to
the
concert
with
him.
3．直接引语是选择疑问句，间接引语变成whether...or...引导的宾语从句，主句谓语动词一般用ask。
She
said，“Would
you
like
tea
or
coffee？”
→She
asked
(us)
whether
we
would
like
tea
or
coffee.
4．直接引语是特殊疑问句，间接引语变成由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
He
asked，“What
is
it
all
about？”
→He
asked
what
it
was
all
about.
[即时演练4]
将直接引语变为间接引语
①She
said，“Did
you
see
him
last
night？”
→She
asked
(me)
if
I
had
seen
him
the
night
before.
②“How
do
you
feel？”the
doctor
asked
him.
→The
doctor
asked
him
how
he
felt.
③She
said，“Would
you
like
to
stay
with
me
or
go
by
yourself
on
a
picnic？”
→She
asked
(me)if
I
would
like
to
stay
with
her
or
go
by
myself
on
a
picnic.
④“Who
has
broken
my
mirror？”Mary
asked.
→Mary
asked
who
had
broken
her
mirror.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．—Mum
is
not
in
Beijing
now.She
has
gone
to
Paris.
—Oh，can
you
tell
me
when
she
left(leave)?
2．—How
about
buying
Tim
a
mobile
phone？After
all，he
isn't
a
boy
any
more.
—I
think
it's
necessary，for
we
sometimes
want
to
make
sure
if
he
will
come(come)
home
for
dinner.
3．“Can
I
use
your
bike
for
a
moment？”
the
boy
said
to
me.
→The
boy
asked
me
whether
he
could
use
my(I)
bike
for
a
moment.
4．“Wang
Hua
is
waiting
for
you
outside
of
the
school
gate.”
Li
Fang
said
to
me.
→Li
Fang
told(tell)me
that
Wang
Hua
was
waiting
for
me
outside
of
the
school
gate.
5．The
teacher
told
us
that
light
travels(travel)
much
faster
than
sound
and
this
was
why
you
saw
the
lightning
first
and
then
heard
the
thunder.
6．He
told
me
that
he
was(be)
angry.
7．Mr
Green
told
them
Joe
had
told
him
all
about
his
story
when
he
asked
for
a
job.
8．The
teacher
said
that
the
earth
goes(go)
round
the
sun.
9．He
asked
Kate
how
her
sister
was
then.
10．She
said
her(she)brother
wanted
to
go
with
her.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Martin
told
me
that
he
has
rung
Alice
the
day
before.
has→had
2．Nina
told
me
that
Lisa
is
studying
abroad.
is→was
3．Our
English
teacher
told
us
that
all
work
no
play
made
Jack
a
dull
boy.
made→makes
4．Carmen
asked
me
that
I
was
interested
in
computer
studies.
that→if/whether
5．The
teacher
advised
that
they
tried
one
more
time
and
see
what
would
happen.
tried→try
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Gradually
the
surrounding
(surround)
farmlands
turned
into
residential(住宅区的)
areas．
2．Hero
as/though
he
is，he
has
some
shortcomings.
3．I
have
an
appointment
(appoint)
with
my
doctor
this
afternoon.
4．We
believe
in
Marxism，Leninism
and
Mao
Zedong
Thought.
5．The
company
committed
most
of
its
profits
to
building
(build)
new
factories.
6．Li
Na
has
such
a
good
grasp
of
English
that
she
can
communicate
with
foreigners
easily.
7．I'm
constantly
(constant)
telling
him
to
behave
himself.
8．Having
committed
(commit)
herself
to
this
line
of
action，there
was
no
retreating
for
bad
weather.
9．The
boy
ran
away
quickly
the
instant
(instantly)
his
father
turned
his
back.
10．It
is
illegal
(legal)
to
sell
tobacco
to
someone
under
16.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．在浓雾中我几乎辨认不出任何东西。
I
could
hardly
make
out
anything
in
the
thick
fog.
2．他欠你的钱还给你了吗？
Did
he
pay
you
back
the
money
he
owes
you?
3．我一见到她就知道她是个诚实的女孩。
The
instant
I
saw
her，I
knew
she
was
an
honest
girl.
4．他努力弥补我的损失。
He
tried
hard
to
make
up
for
my
losses.
5．如果你把乌龟背翻转过来，它就无能为力了。
If
you
turn
over
a
turtle
on
its
back，it
will
become
helpless.
PAGEUnit
14
Careers
Section
Ⅴ Reading
(Ⅲ)
(Lesson
4
&
Communication
Workshop)
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.judgement
A．vt.羡慕，妒忌
( )2.decrease
B．n.资格，资历
( )3.division
C．n.舒适，安逸
( )4.operate
D．n.判断，判断力
( )5.respond
E．v.减少，降低
( )6.flexible
F．n.部门；分割
( )7.envy
G．vt.打扰；烦扰
( )8.bother
H．vi.运转，运作
( )9.comfort
I．adj.灵活的，柔韧的
( )10.qualification
J．vi.反应；回复，回答
[答案] 1－5 DEFHJ 6－10 IAGCB
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
( )1.I
can't
keep
up
with
all
the
changes
in
computer
technology.
( )2.We
met
some
friends
and
other
people
in
addition.
( )3.The
team's
success
was
largely
due
to
her
efforts.
( )4.The
government
has
respond
to
pressure
and
drop
the
proposal.
( )5.They
watched
him
closely
in
case
he
should
escape.
( )6.The
audiences
are
dressed
in
a
variety
of
way.
[答案] 1—6 EFBCAD
(教师用书独具)
Survival
of
the
Fittest
“Between
now
and
the
21st
century，citizens
of
the
world's
richest
and
most
advanced
nations
will
find
it
more
and
more
difficult
to
keep
up
with
the
demand
for
change.For
them，the
future
will
arrive
too
soon.”
So
begins
Alvin
Toffler's
book
Future
Shock，written
back
in
1970①.
Now
people
are
beginning
to
pay
attention
to
Toffler's
ideas
because
the
speed
of
change
is
becoming
increasingly
fast.It
is
sometimes
difficult
to
work
out
the
patterns
of
change②.What
should
you
do？First
of
all，don't
panic.Take
a
deep
breath
and
try
to
get
a
sense
of
the
good
things
the
future
has
to
offer.
You
don't
need
to
be
Einstein
to
predict
the
job
areas
which
will
be
most
affected
by
such
change③.Jobs
in
farming，coal
mining
and
heavy
industry
are
decreasing
rapidly.On
the
other
hand，the
service
industry，the
media
and
information
technology
are
booming.
适者生存
阿尔文·托夫勒1970年所著的《未来的冲击》一书是这样开头的：从现在起到21世纪，这个世界最富有和最先进的国家的公民将会感到越来越难以跟上变化的需要。对于他们来讲，未来降临得太快了。
现在由于变化的速度越来越快，人们开始关注托夫勒的语言。有时很难搞清变化的规律。你该如何应对呢？首先，不要恐慌，深吸一口气，设想一下未来会发生的好事情。
即使你不是爱因斯坦，也能推测出哪些工作领域会受到这些变化的影响最大。农业，煤矿业和重工业的职位迅速减少，而另一方面，服务行业，传媒和信息技术的发展势头良好。
[助读讲解] ①written
back
in
1970是过去分词短语作后置定语。
②在It
is
sometimes
difficult
to
work
out...中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。
③which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the
job
areas。
Without
doubt，the
number
of④
jobs
in
information
technology
will
multiply.There
are
currently
over
100,000,000
computers
in
the
world
and
by
2020
there
will
be
10
times
more.Because
of
this，people
who
work
with
computers
will
be
in
much
greater
demand.
There
are
also
many
other
important
changes
taking
place⑤.First，fewer
and
fewer
people
will
have
a
“job
for
life”．Because
of
this，workers
will
have
to
be
more
flexible.According
to
Mark
Hastings
of
the
Institute
of
Management，in
the
future，people
will
organise
their
working
life
around
a
variety
of
jobs，instead
of
working
just
for
one
division
or
branch
of
a
company.
毫无疑问，信息技术领域的工作职位将会大幅度的增加。目前全世界有一亿多台计算机，到2020年，这个数字将增加十倍，因此，对计算机工作人员的需要量将会更大。
还发生了很多其他重要的变化：首先，那种终身职业，将不存在了，因此，人们必须赋予灵活性。管理学院的马克·哈斯丁斯指出，未来人们将围绕各种工作组织自己的职业生涯，而不会服务于一家公司的一个部门或是分支机构。
[助读讲解] ④the
number
of表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语用单数形式。
⑤taking
place是现在分词短语作定语。
Similarly⑥，companies
will
operate
in
different
ways.People
will
move
around
to
do
different
jobs，rather
than
moving
up
in
the
company
as
before.Many
more
people
will
work
for
small，dynamic
companies
which
can
respond
quickly
to
changes
in
the
market.Other
people
will
give
up
working
for
a
boss
and
start
their
own
businesses.All
this
means
that
companies
will
require
people
who
are
flexible
and
can
work
on
their
own⑦.They
will
also
need
people
who
can
work
together
and
get
on
well
in
a
team.
Good
communication
skills
will
be
extremely
important.According
to
Dr
Laurence
Lyons
of
Future
Work，women
will
be
envied
because
they
have
an
advantage
in
this
area.James
Traeger，spokesman
of
a
government
training
organisation⑧，explains
that
many
men
will
have
to
be
retrained.“It's
not
about
making
men
more
like
women，but
helping
men
to
communicate
as
well.”
Businesses
will
certainly
become
more
international.English
will
probably
remain
the
international
business
language，so
don't
bother
learning
Russian
or
Spanish.However，understanding
other
people—their
minds，culture
and
history—will
be
very
important.Above
all，a
manager
will
need
to
feel
comfortable
working
with
people
from
other
countries
and
continents.
同样，公司也将以不同的方式运转，人们不会像以前那样在同一个公司寻求提升，他们会多方去寻找不同的工作。许多人会供职于小且具有活力的公司。这样的公司能对市场变化做出快速反应。还有些人将放弃给一个老板打工，而开始做自己的生意。所有这些都意味着这公司需要的将是富有灵活性和能够独立工作的员工，需要在团队里能够和别人愉快合作，融洽相处的人。
良好的沟通技巧至关重要。“未来工作论坛”的劳伦斯·莱昂斯博士指出女性将受人羡慕，因为她们在这领域占有优势。一家政府培训机构的发言人詹姆斯·特雷格解释说：很多男性将需要接受再次培训，其目的不是令男人更像女人，而是帮助男人能良好的沟通。
商业必将变得更加国际化，英语可能还会是国际商业语言，所以不必费心去学习俄语或西班牙语，但是，理解其他人——他们的思想，文化和历史——将会是非常重要的。毕竟，一位经理需要轻松自如的同来到其他国家和大洲的人共同工作。
[助读讲解] ⑥similarly是副词，表示“类似地”，在句中作状语。
⑦on
one's
own独立地
⑧此处作James
Traeger的同位语
New
technology
is
the
driving
force
behind
these
rapid
changes，so
don't
get
left
behind⑨.
You
don't
need
to
become
a
computer
expert，but
you
must
consider
improving
your
computer
skills.Work
with
more
than
one
program
in
case
you
have
to
use
them
at
work，and
try
to
read
about
new
technology.
There
is
no
doubt
that⑩
all
this
new
technology
is
changing
the
way
we
work
and
offering
many
other
ways
of
working.Rather
than
going
into
an
office，a
lot
of
people
are
connected
to
the
Internet
and
now
work
from
home.Working
like
this
allows
you
to
live
where
you
want，to
continue
your
studies
and
to
enjoy
the
comfort
of
having
a
lot
more
free
time.However，with
all
this
change，let's
hope
that
it
also
helps
the
people
in
poor
countries
where
slave
labour
still
happens?.
For
the
citizens
of
these
nations，the
future
can't
arrive
soon
enough.
新技术是这些快速变化背后的驱动力量，因此千万不能落后。你不必成为计算机专家，但是必须考虑提高自己的计算机技能。学习集中软件以备工作之需，努力了解最新的技术。
毫无疑问，这些新技术正在改变我们的工作方式，并提供许多其他的工作方式，现在很多人不去办公室，而是与互联网连接，在家里办公，这样的工作方式使你能够住在想住的地方，继续你的学业，并且享受拥有很多自由时间的舒适生活，希望这些改变能帮助一些强迫劳动仍然存在贫困国家的人们改善生活。对这些国家的民众来说，未来发生越快越好。
[助读讲解] ⑨get
left
behind是“get＋done”结构。
⑩there
is
no
doubt
that中that引导同位语从句。
?where引导定语从句修饰先行词poor
countries。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P28教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Para.1－2
A．Changes
in
job
areas.
2．Para.3－6
B．Skills
and
qualities
needed.
3．Para.7－9
C．Future
shock.
4．Para.10
D．Benefits
brought
by
the
new
technology.
[答案] 1－4 CABD
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P28教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．What
does
the
sentence
“For
them，the
future
will
arrive
too
soon.”
mean
in
the
first
paragraph?
A．Time
goes
fast.
B．The
future
arrives
suddenly.
C．People
in
the
world
find
it
hard
to
keep
up
with
the
demand
for
change.
D．The
future
will
change
too
rapidly
to
predict.
2．What
will
you
do
facing
the
greatly
changed
future?
A．Be
panic.
B．Just
wait
and
watch.
C．You
need
to
become
a
genius.
D．Try
your
best
to
improve
your
working
skills
and
personal
qualities.
3．There
will
be
many
changes
in
job
areas
in
the
future
EXCEPT
.
A．the
number
of
jobs
in
IT
will
rise
rapidly
B．many
big
companies
will
dismiss
C．the
workplace
will
change
a
lot
D．the
companies
will
change
to
be
more
flexible
4．What
are
the
essential
skills
in
future
job
areas
according
to
the
passage?
A．Good
communication
skills.
B．To
be
a
computer
expert.
C．Driving
skill.
D．Learning
Russian
or
Chinese
is
a
priority.
5．What
job
trend
is
NOT
mentioned
in
the
passage?
A．Many
people
will
work
at
home.
B．Many
people
will
work
abroad.
C．Many
people
will
work
for
small
dynamic
companies.
D．Many
people
will
give
up
working
for
a
boss
and
become
self?employed.
[答案] 1－5 CDBAB
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P28教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Now，the
speed
of
change
is
becoming
1.increasingly(increase)
fast.What
should
we
do
to
keep
up
with
it？Let's
take
a
deep
breath
and
try
to
sense
the
good
things
the
future
offers.
The
job
areas
will
be
most
affected
by
2.technological(technology)
change.Jobs
in
farming
and
heavy
industry
are
decreasing
3.while
the
service
industry，the
media
and
information
technology
are
booming.4.Without
doubt，the
number
of
jobs
in
IT
will
multiply.5.There
are
also
many
other
important
changes
6.taking(take)
place.The
job
is
getting
more
and
more
flexible.In
the
same
way，companies
will
change
to
be
more
dynamic.Good
7.communication(communicate)
skills
will
be
8.extremely(extreme)
important.New
technology
is
the
9.driving(drive)
force，so
don't
get
10.left(leave)
behind.
PAGEUnit
14
Careers
Section Ⅶ Writing——求职信
[文体指导]
求职信的目的在于让聘用方了解自己的经验、能力、成就、愿望等，所以个人情况的介绍应该是求职信的核心内容。一般来讲，求职信中个人情况应包含以下内容：出生日期、性别、受教育程度、工作经验、特殊技能等。在介绍情况时，应对自己最适合申请的工作的那些方面进行详细介绍。另外，应尽可能向对方说明本人的长处，以便留下好印象，获得进一步面谈的机会。
求职信一般包括以下内容：
1．介绍信息来源
介绍信息来源通常是英文求职信正文部分的开篇句，它可使求职信显得自然、顺畅。
2．表明求职心意
介绍完信息来源，应向收信人表明自己写信的目的。
3．介绍个人简历并表明自己的优势。
4．表示感谢并请求答复。
[亮点句式]
开头语：
I
learned
from
the
newspaper
that
your
company
wanted
to
hire...
I
learned
from
the
advertisement
that
your
company
wanted
a...
I'm
writing
to
apply
for...
I'm
writing
to
you
hoping
that
I
may
obtain
an
opportunity
to...
结束语：
I
would
be
very
thankful
if
you
would
give
me
an
early
reply.
Thank
you
for
an
early
reply.
Could
you
please
let
me
know
if...
Thank
you
very
much.
[写作任务]
某中外合资企业在英文报纸上刊登一则广告，招聘一名秘书。基本条件如下：
1．年龄不超过25岁。未婚(unmarried)。
2．身体健康。男性身高1.70米以上，女性1.60米以上。
3．有较好的英语基础。英语口语能力强者优先录用。
4．擅长写作，具有从事文秘工作的能力。
假设你是王强，看了广告后想求此职，请用英语写一封求职信，针对招聘条件介绍自己的情况。
[审题谋篇]
体裁
应用文
时态
一般现在时为主
主题
求职介绍
人称
第三人称为主
结构
第一段：写信的目的；第二段：个人情况介绍；第三段：表达感谢。
[遣词造句]
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1．major
in
主攻，主修
2．in
addition
除此之外
3．take
part
in/participate
in/join
in
参加
4．be
good/skillful
at
擅长
5．devote
to
把……献于；把……用于
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
(一)完成句子
1．我一直努力学习英语，已经通过英语专业八级考试。
I
have
been
working
hard
at
English
and
have
passed
the
TEM?8.
2．我已经获得英语口语比赛的一、二名多次。
I
have
won
the
first
or
second
places
in
the
Spoken
English
Competition
several
times.
3．如果你能给我面试的机会，我将非常感激您的好心。
I
would
appreciate
your
kindness
very
much
if
you
can
offer
me
the
opportunity
to
be
interviewed.
(二)句式升级
4．I
was
studying
in
the
Foreign
Languages
Department
of
Shanghai
Fu
Dan
University.
I
just
graduated
from
the
university
two
years
ago.(用定语从句合并句子)
I
was
studying
in
the
Foreign
Languages
Department
of
Shanghai
Fu
Dan
University
where
I
just
graduated
two
years
ago.
5．I
have
gained
some
working
experience.
I
have
worked
as
a
secretary
in
a
small
company
since
my
graduation.(用名词性从句合并句子)
I
have
gained
some
working
experience
that
I
have
worked
as
a
secretary
in
a
small
company
since
my
graduation.
[妙笔成篇]
【参考范文】
Dear
Sir/Madam，
I
am
so
glad
to
learn
from
the
advertisement
in
the
English
newspaper
that
your
joint
venture
(company)
is
in
great
need
of
a
secretary.I
am
interested
in
the
post，so
I
am
writing
this
letter
to
apply
for
the
job.
I
am
an
unmarried
young
man
(lady)．I
am
1.78
(1.68)
metres
tall.I
majored
in
English
when
I
was
studying
in
the
Foreign
Languages
Department
of
Shanghai
Fu
Dan
University
where
I
just
graduated
two
years
ago.I
have
been
working
hard
at
English
and
have
passed
the
TEM?8.Besides，I
have
won
the
first
or
second
places
in
the
Spoken
English
Competition
several
times.I
think
I
am
good
at
not
only
written
English
but
also
spoken
English.What's
more，I
have
gained
some
working
experience
that
I
have
worked
as
a
secretary
in
a
small
company
since
my
graduation.
I
would
appreciate
your
kindness
very
much
if
you
can
offer
me
the
opportunity
to
be
interviewed.
Sincerely
yours，
Wang
Qiang
PAGEUnit
14
Careers
[导读] 《谁动了我的奶酪》是个简单的寓言故事，内容充满了人生中有关变化的寓意深长的真理。这是个有趣且能启蒙智慧的故事，内容是在描绘四个住在“迷宫”里的人物，他们竭尽所能地在寻找能滋养他们身心、使他们快乐的“奶酪”的过程。
Everyone
laughed.
“They
wanted
to
sniff
out
the
changes
ahead
of
time
and
scurry
into
action，rather
than
get
hemmed
in
and
be
left
behind.”
Nathan
said，“That's
a
good
point.No
one
in
our
company
would
want
to
look
like
Hem.They
might
even
change.Why
didn't
you
tell
us
this
story
at
our
last
reunion？This
could
work.”
Michael
said，“It
does
work.”
“It
works
best，of
course，when
everyone
in
your
organization
knows
the
story
—
whether
it
is
in
a
large
corporation，a
small
business
or
your
family
—
because
an
organization
can
only
change
when
enough
people
in
it
change.”
Then
he
offered
one
last
thought：“When
we
saw
how
well
it
worked
for
us，we
passed
the
story
along
to
people
we
wanted
to
do
business
with，knowing
they
were
also
dealing
with
change.We
suggested
we
might
be
their
‘New
Cheese’—
that
is，better
partners
for
them
to
succeed
with.It
led
to
new
business.”
That
gave
Jessica
several
ideas
and
reminded
her
that
she
had
some
early
sales
calls
in
the
morning.She
looked
at
her
watch
and
said，“Well，it's
time
for
me
to
leave
this
Cheese
Station
and
find
some
New
Cheese.”
The
group
laughed
and
began
saying
their
goodbyes.Many
of
them
wanted
to
continue
the
conversation
but
needed
to
leave.As
they
left，they
thanked
Michael
again.
He
said，“I'm
very
glad
you
found
the
story
so
useful，and
I
hope
that
you
will
have
the
opportunity
to
share
it
with
others
soon.”
大家听了都哈哈大笑了起来。
“他们都想提前嗅出变化的味道，并且赶快投入行动，而不再是落在后头哼哼不停。”
内森说：“这是一个好点子。我想我们公司的人都不愿做哼哼，他们很可能也会因为这个故事而改变。上一次聚会时，你为什么没有告诉我们这个故事？要不然，它早就起作用了。”
“它确实有用。”迈克尔说。
“而且非常有用！尤其是当你的机构中的每个人都知道它时——不管是大公司，还是小企业，或者是你的家庭——因为，只有当其中的多数人的心态发生改变以后，一个组织才会发生变化。”
最后，迈克尔又给大家介绍了一个经验：“当这个故事对我的公司起作用以后，我们便把故事告诉给那些我们希望能和他们在生意上有所合作的人，因为我们知道任何一个公司都正面临变化和选择。我们提议说，也许我们公司就是他们正在找寻的‘新奶酪’，也就是说，我们可能就是能让他们的生意更成功的合作伙伴。这方法的确为我们带来了许多新的机会和生意。”
这番话使杰西卡受到启发，她想起明天上午要谈的几笔业务。她赶紧看了看时间，说：“喔，时间到了，该是我离开这个奶酪站，去寻找新的奶酪的时候了”。
大家都会心地笑了起来，然后站起身来互道晚安。尽管许多人觉得兴犹未尽，还想继续聊这个话题，但时间的确已经不早了。分手的时候，他们再一次感谢迈克尔。
迈克尔说：“我非常高兴你们觉得这个故事对你们有所帮助，我也衷心希望你们有机会尽快与别人分享这个故事。”
[知识积累]
1．ahead
of
time
提前
2．leave
behind
落后
3．that
is
也就是说
4．lead
to
导致
[文化链接]
《谁动了我的奶酪》——作者简介
斯宾塞·约翰逊(Spencer
Johnson)，医学博士，他是全球知名的思想先锋、演说家和畅销书作家。他的许多观点，使成千上万的人发现了生活中的简单真理，使人们的生活更健康、更成功、更轻松。
PAGEUnit
14
Careers
Section
Ⅵ Language
Points(Ⅲ)(Lesson
4，Communication
Workshop，Culture
Corner
&Bulletin
Board)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．My
husband
was
a
great
comfort(安慰)
to
me
when
my
son
was
ill.
2．There
has
been
a
decrease(降低)
in
our
imports.
3．This
will
multiply(增加)
our
chances
of
success.
4．Her
decision
seems
to
show
a
lack
of
political
judgement(判断力)．
5．All
the
machines
are
operated(操控)
by
computers.
6．Hopelessly，I
can
only
using
unchanged
to
respond
to
changes.
7．We
have
flexible
work
hours
during
the
summer.
8．The
boy's
new
toy
was
the
envy
of
his
friends.
9．Do
you
have
a
formal
qualification
in
electronics?
10．Don't
bother
your
father
now;
he's
very
tired.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性或汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．judge
v．断定；判断；审判
→judgement
n．判断，判断力
2．operate
vi.运转，运作
vt.操作→operation
n．操作；运转；手术
3．respond
vi.反应；回复，回答→response
n．反应；回答；响应；答复
4．envy
vt.羡慕，妒忌→envious
adj.嫉妒的
5．bother
vt.烦扰；打扰→bothered
adj.烦恼的；感到讨厌的
6．comfort
n．舒适，安逸→comfortable
adj.舒适的；充裕的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．keep
up
with
跟上，赶上
2．decrease
by
减少了
3．respond
to
对……做出回应
4．in
case
以防万一
5．due
to
由于
6．in
addition
此外
7．work
out
设法弄懂
8．without
doubt
毫无疑问
9．a
variety
of
各种各样的
10．be
suitable
for
适合……
11．apply
for
申请
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．Without
doubt，she
is
the
best
nurse
in
the
hospital.
2．I
lost
my
card
so
I
have
to
apply
for
a
new
one.
3．The
machines
hall
contains
a
variety
of
machine
tools.
4．All
these
dishes
are
suitable
for
vegetarians.
5．We
must
keep
up
with
the
advanced
countries.
6．How
to
express
concern
or
respond
to
one's
concern?
[寻规律、巧记忆]
v.＋?ous→adj.
v.＋out
→复合短语
cautious 小心的
numerous
大量的anxious
焦虑的
work
out
算出；产生什么结果bring
out
使显现；弄明白let
out
发出；放出；泄露；出租
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.There
is
no
doubt
that
all
this
new
technology
is
changing
the
way
we
work
and
offering
many
other
ways
of
working.毫无疑问，这些新技术正在改变我们的工作方式，并提供许多其他的工作方式。
There
is
no
doubt
that...句型
毫无疑问他很难对付。There
is
no
doubt
that
he
is
hard
to
deal
with.
2.Between
now
and
the
21st
century，citizens
of
the
world's
richest
and
most
advanced
nations
will
find
it
more
and
more
difficult
to
keep
up
with
the
demand
for
change.从现在开始到21世纪，这个世界上最富有和最先进的国家的公民都会发现越来越难以跟得上变化的需求。
it作形式宾语
他发现使她改变主意是不可能的。He
finds
it
impossible
to
make
her
change
her
mind.
3.It's
not
about
making
men
more
like
women，but
helping
men
to
communicate
as
well.其目的不是让男人更像女人，而是帮助男人也能良好的沟通。
not...but...
他不是乘公共汽车去上学，而是走路去的。He
goes
to
school
not
by
bus，but
on
foot.
keep
up
with
跟上，赶上；与……保持联系
(教材P28)Between
now
and
the
21st
century，citizens
of
the
world's
richest
and
most
advanced
nations
will
find
it
more
and
more
difficult
to
keep
up
with
the
demand
for
change.
从现在开始到21世纪，这个世界上最富有和最先进的国家的公民都会发现越来越难以跟得上变化的需求。
keep
back
阻止；隐瞒；保持距离
keep
in
touch
with...
与……保持联系
keep
off
避开；不接近
keep
on
继续
keep
out
挡住；不进入；留在外边
keep
up
保持，维持；沿袭
①The
house
is
strong
enough
to
keep
up
in
a
storm.
这座房子很坚固，足以抵挡风暴。
②We
couldn't
keep
back
our
tears.
我们抑制不住自己的眼泪。
③Why
do
the
dogs
keep
on
barking(bark)?
这些狗为什么不停地叫？
[名师点津]
由“动词＋up
with”构成的重要短语：
①put
up
with忍受
②come
up
with想出；提出
③catch
up
with赶上
decrease
v.
减少，降低
(教材P28)You
don't
need
to
be
Einstein
to
predict
the
job
areas
which
will
be
most
affected
by
such
change.Jobs
in
farming，coal
mining
and
heavy
industry
are
decreasing
rapidly.
即使你不是爱因斯坦，也能推测出哪些工作领域受这些变化的影响最大。农业、煤矿业和重工业的职位正迅速减少。
(1)decrease
to...减少到……
decrease
by...减少了
decrease
from...to...从……减少到……
(2)on
the
decrease在减少，在下降
a
decrease
in...在……方面减少
①A
local
newspaper
remarks
that
crime
is
on
the
decrease.
一家地方报纸评论说犯罪案件在减少。
②The
traffic
accidents
in
the
city
decreased
by
30%
last
year.
该城市去年交通事故减少了30%。
③The
population
of
China
has
increased
to
about
1.4
billion.
中国的人口已经增长到了大约14亿。
operate
vi.运转，运作；起作用；做手术
vt.操作(机器等)；经营，管理
(教材P28)Similarly，companies
will
operate
in
different
ways.
同样，公司也将以不同的方式运转。
写出下列各句中operate的词义
①The
lift
doesn't
operate
properly.
运转
②This
famous
doctor
has
operated
on
many
important
people.
做手术
③His
job
is
to
operate
this
machine.
操作
(1)operate
on/upon
sb.
给某人动手术
(2)operation
n.
操作；经营；手术；(军事)行动；运算
be
in
operation
在运转中；在行动中；在实施中
come/go
into
operation
开始工作/运转；生效
put/bring
into
operation
实施；施行
(3)operator
n.
话务员；接线员；操作员
④The
doctor
began
to
operate
on
the
boy.
医生开始给那个男孩动手术。
⑤When
does
the
new
law
come
into
operation(operate)?
这项新法律何时生效？
respond
vi.反应；回复；回答
n．回复；反应，反响
(教材P28)Many
more
people
will
work
for
small，dynamic
companies
which
can
respond
quickly
to
changes
in
the
market.
许多人会供职于小且具有活力的公司。这样的公司能对市场变化做出快速反应。
(1)respond
to
回答；对……做出反应；
(对治疗等)有良好反应
respond
with
a
smile
以微笑作为回答
respond
to...with/by
doing...
通过做……回答/回复……
(2)response
n.
回答，答复；反应；响应
in
response
to
作为……的回应
make
a
quick
response
to
对……做出快速反应
①The
patient
did
not
respond
to
the
treatment.
病人经治疗后未见起色。
②She
made
no
response
to
my
letter.
她没有回我的信。
③He
always
takes
the
lead
in
response(respond)
to
the
government's
call.
他总是带头响应政府的号召。
envy
vt.羡慕，妒忌
n．羡慕，妒忌
(教材P28)According
to
Dr
Laurence
Lyons
of
Future
Work，women
will
be
envied
because
they
have
an
advantage
in
this
area.
“未来工作论坛”的劳伦斯·莱昂斯博士指出女性将受人羡慕，因为她们在这一领域占有优势。
(1)envy
sb.sth.
羡慕/妒忌某人某事
envy
sb.doing
sth.
羡慕某人做某事
(2)(green)
with
envy
(非常)妒忌地
out
of
envy
出于妒忌
(3)envious
adj.
忌妒的；羡慕的
be
envious
of＝be
jealous
of
忌妒；羡慕
①She
always
envies
me
my
curly
hair.
她总是羡慕我的一头卷发。
②We
thought
he
said
such
things
with
envy.
我们认为他说这些事是出于嫉妒。
③He
was
envious(envy)
of
his
brother's
success.
他忌妒他哥哥的成功。
④His
attitudes
toward
him
were
out
of
envy.
他对他的态度是因为嫉妒。
bother
vt.打扰；烦扰
n．麻烦；不便
(教材P28)English
will
probably
remain
the
international
business
language，so
don't
bother
learning
Russian
or
Spanish.
英语可能还会是国际商业语言，所以不必费心去学习俄语或西班牙语。
bother
sb.about/with
sth.
因某事而打扰某人
bother
to
do/doing
sth.
特地/麻烦做某事
It
bothers
sb.that/to
do...
使某人感到烦恼的是……
have
much
bother
(in)
doing
sth.
做某事有麻烦/费劲
put
sb.to
any
bother
给某人添……麻烦
①I
don't
want
to
bother
her
with
my
problems
at
the
moment.
我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。
②Tourists
do
not
need
to
bother
about
transportation
and
lunch.
游客们可不必忧心交通、午餐等问题。
③I
had
no
bother
(in)
finding(find)
your
house.
我很容易就找到了你家。
in
case以防万一；万一
(教材P28)Work
with
more
than
one
program
in
case
you
have
to
use
them
at
work，and
try
to
read
about
new
technology.
学习几种软件以备工作之需，努力了解新技术。
in
case
(that)
以防，万一(引导目的状语从句)；
如果，假使(引导条件状语从句)
in
case
of...
假如发生……；万一发生……
in
no
case
决不，在任何情况下都不(用于句首
时句子要用部分倒装)
in
this/that
case
假使这样/那样的话
in
any
case
无论如何，总之
①In
no
case
will
he
turn
against
his
country.
他决不会背叛自己的国家。
②In
case
of
fire，ring
the
alarm
bell.
万一失火的话，请按警铃。
③We'll
finish
the
task
in
any
case.
我们无论如何也要完成任务。
panic
v．恐慌，惊惶
n．恐慌
(教材P29)First
of
all，don't
panic.
首先，不要惊慌。
(1)panic
over/at
因……而恐慌，对……感到惊慌失措
panic
sb.into
doing
sth.
使某人惊慌地做某事
(2)get
into
a
panic＝be
thrown
into
a
panic
陷入惊慌状态
be
in
a
panic
在恐慌中
in
panic
惊慌失措地
①Knowing
to
be
eaten，the
turkey
is
in
a
panic.
知道自己要被吃掉了，火鸡惊恐万状。
②The
banks
were
panicked
into
selling(sell)
dollars.
银行正惊慌地抛售美元。
③There's
no
point
getting
into
a
panic
about
the
exams.对考试惊慌失措是没有用的。
(教材P28)Between
now
and
the
21st
century，citizens
of
the
world's
richest
and
most
advanced
nations
will
find
it
more
and
more
difficult
to
keep
up
with
the
demand
for
change.
从现在开始到21世纪，这个世界上最富有和最先进的国家的公民都会发现越来越难以跟得上变化的需求。
【要点提炼】 句中find
it
more
and
more
difficult
to...属于“find
it＋adj.＋(for
sb.)to
do
sth.”结构，其中it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语是真正的宾语。
it作形式宾语的常见结构汇总：,“动词＋it＋宾语＋真正的宾语”结构，即“6123”结构：
enjoy/like/hate/appreciate/...＋
it＋if/when引导的从句”结构
see
to
it
that...，depend
on
it
that...，take
it
for
granted
that...等结构。
①They
felt
it
difficult
to
finish
the
work
in
such
a
short
time.
他们感觉在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是困难的。
②She
thinks
it
her
duty
to
help
us.
她认为帮助我们是她的责任。
③I
find
it
pleasant
to
work(work)
with
him.
我发现和他一起工作很愉快。
④I
like
it
when
it
rains.
我喜欢下雨的时候。
(教材P28)It's
not
about
making
men
more
like
women，but
helping
men
to
communicate
as
well.
其目的不是让男人更像女人，而是帮助男人也能良好的沟通。
【要点提炼】 not...but...意为“不是……而是……”，可用于连接并列的名词、形容词、副词、介宾短语、分词和句子。
当not...but...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词一般要与就近的主语保持人称和数的一致。连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近原则”的还有：either...or...，neither...nor...，not
only...but
?also?...等。
①They
want
not
your
pity
but
your
help.
他们想要的不是你的同情，而是你的帮助。
②He
helped
not
me
but
you.
他帮助的是你不是我。
③Either
they
or
Jim
is
going
to
Shanghai
next
Saturday.＝Either
Jim
or
they
are
going
to
Shanghai
next
Saturday.(be)
下周要么是Jim，要么是他们要去上海。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The
number
of
our
students
decreased
to
2,700.
2．Judging(judge)
from
what
you
say，you
are
honest.
3．The
operation(operate)
on
her
is
very
successful.
4．Tony
feels
comfortable(comfort)
when
going
out
for
a
trip.
5．She
was
envious(envy)of
my
beautiful
dress.
6．It
is
not
I
but
you
who
are(be)
to
blame.
7．She
didn't
want
to
respond
to
any
of
her
e?mails.
8．Could
I
bother
you
to
give(give)
this
letter
to
Prof.Smith?
9．I
keep
some
candle
in
the
house
in
case
that
electric
power
should
fail.
10．They
panicked
him
into
handing(hand)
over
the
keys.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Up
to
now
the
price
of
wheat
has
decreased
to
5%.
第二个to→by
2．The
doctors
decided
to
operate
the
patient
once.
operate后加on
3．They
tightened
the
security
in
response
for
the
pressure
from
the
public.
for→to
4．After
I've
been
on
holiday，I
find
it
hard
get
started
again.
get前加to
5．So
many
times
I
have
watched
her
in
envy.
in→with
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．不是他说的话而是他做的事才重要。
It
is
not
what
he
said
but
what
he
did
that
matters.
2．毫无疑问，他将会参加婚礼。
There
is
no
doubt
that
he
will
attend
the
wedding.
3．杰克要跟上班里其他同学有很大困难。
Jack's
having
trouble
in
keeping
up
with
the
rest
of
the
class.
4．你最好带着钥匙，以防我出去。
You'd
better
take
the
keys
in
case
I'm
out.
5．他发现很难戒掉抽烟的习惯。
He
found
it
hard
to
break
the
cigarette
habit.
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