中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第1讲
可数名词
知识梳理
一、定义
名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。
二、分类
1.
名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词
如：john
is
a
student
student是普通名词，john是专有名词
普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an,
定冠词the
或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。
2.
普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。
3.
专有名词
专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。
三、名词的数
1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词——可以数的名词
不可数名词——数不清（没有复数）
drink
milk?
tea?
water?
orange?
juice?
coke?
coffee?
porridge
food
rice?
bread?
meat?
fish?
fruit?
cake?
dumplings
2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式
many+可数名词复数
much/a
little+不可数名词
some,
any
,
a
lot
of
(lots
of)
两者都可以修饰。
3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰
不可数名词?
数词
+量词
+of
+
名词
对可数名词的数量提问用how
many
对不可数名词的数量提问用
how
much
4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法：
1）
some,
much
,a
little
,a
lot
of?
,a
bit
of
,
plenty
of
用等表示多少。
注意既可以与可数名词复数，又可以与不可数名词连用的有：plenty
of
,some
,a
lot
of
,lots
of?
,most
of
等。
如there
is
much
water
in
the
bottle
.瓶中有很多水。
I’ll
tell
you
much
good
news.我要告诉你许多好消息。
we
should
collect
some
useful
information我们应该收集一些有用的消息。
2）
用单位词表示。
用a
...
of
表示。
如 a
cup
of
（ 一杯......），a
bottle
of
（一瓶......）
a
piece
of
（ 一张......），a
pair
of
shoes（一双鞋）
如two
cups
of
tea（两杯茶）,five
pieces
of
paper（五张纸）
注意单位词后的动词单复数形式往往取决于单位词的单复数形式；千、百等数词与名词加用，表示复数时，数词仍保持单数，名词变复数。
如two
hundred
students（200名学生）
ten
thousand
trees（10000棵树）
测试点he
caught
a
lot
of
fish他抓到了许多鱼（此处为许多条鱼，fish的复数仍为fish或fishes）
=he
caught
a
lot
of
fishes.
the
paper
is
about
some
fresh-water
fishes.这篇论文是有关几种淡水鱼的。（此处fish表示不同种类的鱼，加复数词尾-es）
5、可数名词分为单数和复数。
名词单数就是该词本身，在其前面加a或an。
1）单数
如a
desk（一张桌子）
an
old
desk（一张旧书桌）
2）复数：要表示一个以上概念时，要用名词复数形式
规则变化
1）一般情况下加-s
如book--books（书） desk--desks（书桌）
2）以s
,x
,ch
,
sh结尾加-es
如box--boxes（盒子） bus--buses(公共汽车)
注意①以
th
结尾加-s,
month--months
②stomach--stomachs
3)以辅音字母+结尾，变y为i再加-
es。
如city--cities(城市)?
country--countries(国家)
注意以元音+y，直接加s。如：day--days(天)，boy--boys(男孩)
4)以f或fe结尾，复数变f或
fe
为v再加-es
如knife-knives(书)
,?
half-halves(一半)
(thief
,wife
,life
,shelf
,knife
,leaf
,self
,half
,wolf)
注意①有少数词后直接加s，如roof-roofs
(屋顶)
5)以o结尾
(1)辅音字母加o结尾名词的加-es
如tomato-tomatoes(西红杮)
potato-potatoes(土豆)
(2)
元音字母加o结尾名词的加-s
如piano-pianos
(钢琴),?
zoo-zoos(动物园)
photo-photos
(照片),?
kangaroo-kangaroos(袋鼠)
kilo-kilos(千克)
注意zero
两种方式都可：zero-zeros或
zeroes(零)
不规则变化
1)
元音字母发变化。
如man--men(男人)
，
woman--women(妇女)
tooth--teeth(牙齿)?
，
foot--feet(脚)
mouse--mice(老鼠)?
，
policeman--policemen(警察)
policewoman--policewomen(女警察)
2)
词尾发生变化。
如child--children(小孩)?
，
ox--oxen(公牛)
3)
单、复数形式相同。
如fish--fish(鱼)
，sheep--sheep(绵羊)
，deer--deer(鹿)
，Chinese--Chinese(中国人)
，Yuan--Yuan(元)
，jinn--jinn(斤)
?
注意
不说an
English，要说an
Englishman.
①fish作鱼肉讲时不可数，没有复数。
②fishes指各种不同种类鱼或指几条鱼。
4)
形似单数，实为复数意义。
如people(人，人们)these
people
(不说a
people，可说a
person)
police(公安，警察)ten
police
(不说a
police，可说a
policeman)
5)
由man和woman构成的合成名词，变复数将名词及man或woman都变成复数。
如a
man
driver-men
drivers(男司机)
a
woman
doctor-women
doctors
(女医生)
6)
合成名词变为复数时，通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数。
如passer-by-passers-by(过路人)
bus
driver-bus
drivers(汽车司机)
注意如果没有主体名词，就在最后一词上加-s。如：
grown-up-grown-ups(成年人)
letter-box-letter-boxes
(信箱)
注意①hair和fruit通常作单数，表示总体。若表示若干根头发或若干种水果，则需用这两个词的复数形式。
如would
you
like
some
more
fruit??
你要不要再吃点水果？
we
bought
a
lot
of
fruit
from
the
market.?
我们从市场上买了许多水果，
china
has
some
good
frits.?
中国有一些好的水果。(指种类)
she
has
a
few
white
hairs.?
她有几要白头发。
his
black
hair
is
going
white.?
他的黑发逐渐变成灰白色。
注意②wind
,snow和rain这类词，有时也可以有复数形式，表示多次的风、雪或雨。
注意以boy
和girl开头的复合名词变成复数时，一般只把后一名词变成复数。
如?
boy
student-boy
students(男学生)
girlfriend--girlfriends(女朋友)
7)
有些名词只有作复数。
如scissors(剪刀)a
pair
of
scissors(一把剪刀)trousers(裤子)shorts(短裤)jeans(工装裤)compasses(两脚规)scales(天平)sunglasses(太阳镜)surroundings(环境)savings(储蓄)writings(作品)
名词+man(woman)构成的复合名词，其复数形式通常与简单名词一样，即把man(woman)改成men(women)。
如Englishman--Englishmen(英国人)
?
Frenchwoman--Frenchwomen(法国妇女)
注意German不是复合词，它的复数是Germans。
常用口诀
表示民族的名词顺口溜
（1）“中、日、瑞”友好是一致。
（2）“英、法”联盟a变e。
（3）其他一律加s
即Chinese，Japanese单复数同形；Englishman，Frenchman的复数为Englishmen，Frenchmen；其他像German，American，Australian等的复数形式是在后面加“s”。
o结尾的名词顺口溜
1）有生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时，词尾加es，凡无生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时，词尾加s。
有生命：potato-potatoes,
tomato-tomatoes,
hero-heroes,
negro--negroes
如无生命：zoo-zoos,
radio-radios,
photo-photos,
piano-pianos,
zero-zeros,
bamboo（竹竿）--bamboos,
tobacco（烟丝）--tobaccos1）
2）两人两菜一火山。（+es）
小学—中学课本中以o结尾的名词构成复数时，加es的只有negro（黑人），hero（英雄），potato（土豆），tomato（西红杮），volcano（火山），这就是“两人两菜一火山”。
或：黑人和英雄吃土豆和西红柿Negroes
and
heroes
eat
tomatoes
and
potatoes）
2）其余以o结尾的名词变复数时均加s。
图景：你在“zoo”里，看见一要“bamboo”，上面挂着一张“photo”，所照的是一架“piano”，上面放着一台“radio”。
zoo-zoos
,
bamboo-bamboos
,photo-photos
piano-pianos,
radio-radios.
f、fe结尾的顺口溜
（1）以f(e)结尾的名词变为复数时，有的把f(e)改为v(e)再加s，其他的以“f(e)”结尾的名词则直接加“s”。
妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；
躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。
wife（妻子），knife（刀子），wolf（狼）thief（小偷），shelf（架子），life（生命）leaf（树叶），self（自己），half（一半），这9个名词变复数时，都要改“f(e)”为“ve”再加“s”。
(2)以f结尾的名词，一般把把f改为ves，但也有特殊情况是直接加-s的，
如gulf,
roof,
chief,
serf,
belief,
proof,
handkerchief。编成口诀联想：
海湾边、屋顶上，首领农仆相望；
谁说他们无信仰，语气定在手帕上
巧记不规则名词单变复
男女脚步牙鹅，老鼠加虱婆。
man-men;
woman-women;
foot-feet;
tooth-teeth;
goose-geese;
mouse-mice;
louse-lice.
教学重难点
掌握名词的分类
掌握可数名词单数变复数的规则
特色讲解
1.
The
__
in
our
yard
are
very
beautiful.
A.
cloth B.
water C.
flowers
解析：Be
动词使用了are
所以前面的名词为复数，AB为不可数，故选择C
2.
Tom
is
one
of
the
Chinese
_____
in
our
school.
A.
boy
B.
boys
C.
boies
解析;one
of
名词复数
，boy
是元音加y
故选择B
3.
A
cat
has
four
____
,
doesn't
it?
A.
foots
B.
feet
C.
feet
解析foot
属于特殊变形
feet
故选择B
4.
There
are
three
____
and
five
_____
in
the
room.
A.
American,
Japanese
B
Americans,
Japanese
C.
American,
Janpaneses
解析：根据口诀中日不变英法变其余S加后边，故选择B
5.
Can
you
see
nine
____
in
the
picture?
A.
fish
B.
book
C.
horse
解析：nine
后边为复数名词排除bc，故选择a
6.
The
_____
has
two______.
A.
boy;
watch
B.
boy;
watches
C.
boys;
watch
解析：has
前主语为单数，two
后为复数，故选择B
7.
The
_____
are
flying
back
to
their
country.
A.
Germany
B.
Germanys
C.
Germans
解析：根据口诀中日不变英法变其余S加后边，故选择c
当堂练习
A部分
写出下列名词的复数形式
1.computer
____________
2.apple
____________
3.city
______________
4.house
_____________
5.sheep
____________
6.watch
______________
7.tomato
_____________
8.child
_____________
9.tooth
_____________
10.foot
______________
11.wife
_____________
12.potato
_______
B部分
二．选择填空
1．There
are
two
______
in
the
room.
A.
Chineses
B.
Englishman
2.The
old
man
will
have
___________
out.
A.
two
tooths
B.
two
teeth
3.
____________
are
sold
in
this
bookstore.
A.
Children’s
books
B.
Children
books
4.
Some
friends
of
_________
will
come
here.
A.
John’s
B.
John
5.
Can
you
give
me
______________?
A.
some
papers
B.
a
piece
of
paper
6.There
are
______________
on
the
floor.
A.
some
box
B.
some
boxes
C部分
阅读理解，根据短文回答下面的问题。
Mary
is
an
English
girl,
but
she
is
in
Canada
now.
She
is
six
years
old.
Her
mother
says
to
her,”
You’re
six
and
you’ll
start
to
school
here.
You
will
like
the
school,
because
it’s
a
good
school.”
“Is
it
an
English
school?”
Mary
asks.
“Yes,
it
is”
Her
mother
tells
her.
She
goes
to
school.
The
teachers
are
very
friendly
to
her
and
speak
good
English.
They
like
her
and
her
classmates
like
her.She
likes
them
very
much
,too.
She’s
a
happy
girl.
(
)1.Mary
is
now
in
_________.
A.
Japan
B.
England
C.Canada
D.English
(
)2.How
old
is
she?
A.
Seven
B.
Six
C.Five
D.
Twelve
(
)3.Is
Mary
an
English
girl
or
a
Chinese
girl?
A.
She’s
a
Chinese
girl.
B.
She’s
an
English
boy.
C.
She’s
an
English
girl.
D.He’s
an
English
girl.
(
)4.How
are
her
teachers?
A.
They
’re
happy.
B.
They’re
tall.
C.
They
have
big
eyes.
D.
They’re
friendly.
(
)5.Does
Mary
like
the
school?
A.
No,
she
does.
B.Yes,
she
does.
C.
Yes,
she
doesn’t
D.
No,
she
doesn’t.
当堂检测
按要求填入单词的适当形式
1．Two________
live
in
this
building.
(family)
2．Look
at
those
_______.
(child)
3．I
can
see
a
________
standing
near
the
door.
(policeman)
4．There
are
some
________
on
the
table.
(glass)
5．Would
you
like
some
________?
(bread)
6．I
have
two
________.
(sister)
7．I
like
________.
(cat)
8．Do
you
want
some
________
for
supper?
(potato)
9．He
has
two
________.
One
is
old
,
the
other
is
new
.(watch)
10．In
autumn
,
you
can
see
a
lot
of
________
on
the
ground.
(leaf)
将下列句子变成复数形式
1．This
is
a
knife.
_________________________________________
2．That
is
a
tomato.
_________________________________________
3．I
have
a
wish.
_________________________________________
4．That
child
is
very
lovely.
___________________________________
5．An
Englishman
stood
there.
__________________________________
家庭作业
阅读理解，
根据短文内容判断正（T）误(F)。（10分）
It's
Sunday
morning.
The
students
of
Class
3
are
giving
their
classroom
a
good
cleaning.
Miss
Huang,
their
teacher,
is
working
with
them.
The
children
are
busy.
Some
are
carrying
water;
some
are
cleaning
the
windows;
others
are
sweeping
the
floor.
Zhang
Hua
is
putting
up
a
map
on
the
wall.
It
is
a
map
of
China.
Wang
Fei
and
Wei
Qing
are
mending
some
broken
chairs.
The
children
are
listening
to
the
radio
while
they
are
working.
The
classroom
looks
nice
and
bright
after
the
cleaning.
The
children
are
very
happy.
They
go
home
for
lunch
at
noon.
(
)
1.
The
children
are
playing
in
their
classroom
on
Sunday
morning.
(
)
2.
Miss
Huang,
their
mother,
is
working
with
them.
(
)
3.
There
is
a
map
of
China
on
the
wall.
(
)
4.
Two
of
them
are
repairing
the
broken
chairs.
(
)
5.
They
are
singing
while
they
are
working.
选择正确答案。
Jack
is
a
teacher
of
English.
He
is
not
young，but
he
is
not
old.
He
has
a
round
face
and
black
hair.
He
is
tall.
There
are
fifty
students
in
his
class.
They
all
like
him.
Now
it's
in
the
afternoon.
Look，some
students
are
working
in
the
classroom.
Jack
is
there，too.
He
is
helping
them
to
study
English.
He
is
a
good
teacher，and
he
is
a
good
friend
of
them
all.
(
)1.
What
does
Jack
do?
A.
He
is
a
worker.
B.
He
is
a
teacher.
C.
He
is
a
doctor.
D.
He's
a
nurse.
(
)2.
What
colour
is
his
hair?
A.
It's
black.
B.
His
hair
is
white.
C.
It
is
brown.
D.
He
has
yellow
hair.
(
)3.
How
many
students
are
there
in
his
class?
A.
There
are
fifteen
students
in
his
class.
B.
There's
fifty.
C.
He
has
fifty.
D.
There're
fifty
in
it.
(
)4.
Jack
is
a
good
teacher，isn't
he?
A.
Yes，he
isn't.
B.
No，he
is.
C.
Yes，he's.
D.
Yes，he
is.
(
)5.
What
are
the
students
doing
in
the
classroom?
A.
They
are
walking
there.
B.
They
are
doing
their
lessons.
C.
They
are
helping
their
teacher.
D.
They
are
good
friends
of
Jack.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第1讲
可数名词
知识梳理
一、定义
名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。
二、分类
1.
名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词
如：john
is
a
student
student是普通名词，john是专有名词
普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an,
定冠词the
或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。
2.
普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。
3.
专有名词
专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。
三、名词的数
1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词——可以数的名词
不可数名词——数不清（没有复数）
drink
milk?
tea?
water?
orange?
juice?
coke?
coffee?
porridge
food
rice?
bread?
meat?
fish?
fruit?
cake?
dumplings
2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式
many+可数名词复数
much/a
little+不可数名词
some,
any
,
a
lot
of
(lots
of)
两者都可以修饰。
3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰
不可数名词?
数词
+量词
+of
+
名词
对可数名词的数量提问用how
many
对不可数名词的数量提问用
how
much
4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法：
1）
some,
much
,a
little
,a
lot
of?
,a
bit
of
,
plenty
of
用等表示多少。
注意既可以与可数名词复数，又可以与不可数名词连用的有：plenty
of
,some
,a
lot
of
,lots
of?
,most
of
等。
如there
is
much
water
in
the
bottle
.瓶中有很多水。
I’ll
tell
you
much
good
news.我要告诉你许多好消息。
we
should
collect
some
useful
information我们应该收集一些有用的消息。
2）
用单位词表示。
用a
...
of
表示。
如 a
cup
of
（ 一杯......），a
bottle
of
（一瓶......）
a
piece
of
（ 一张......），a
pair
of
shoes（一双鞋）
如two
cups
of
tea（两杯茶）,five
pieces
of
paper（五张纸）
注意单位词后的动词单复数形式往往取决于单位词的单复数形式；千、百等数词与名词加用，表示复数时，数词仍保持单数，名词变复数。
如two
hundred
students（200名学生）
ten
thousand
trees（10000棵树）
测试点he
caught
a
lot
of
fish他抓到了许多鱼（此处为许多条鱼，fish的复数仍为fish或fishes）
=he
caught
a
lot
of
fishes.
the
paper
is
about
some
fresh-water
fishes.这篇论文是有关几种淡水鱼的。（此处fish表示不同种类的鱼，加复数词尾-es）
5、可数名词分为单数和复数。
名词单数就是该词本身，在其前面加a或an。
1）单数
如a
desk（一张桌子）
an
old
desk（一张旧书桌）
2）复数：要表示一个以上概念时，要用名词复数形式
规则变化
1）一般情况下加-s
如book--books（书） desk--desks（书桌）
2）以s
,x
,ch
,
sh结尾加-es
如box--boxes（盒子） bus--buses(公共汽车)
注意①以
th
结尾加-s,
month--months
②stomach--stomachs
3)以辅音字母+结尾，变y为i再加-
es。
如city--cities(城市)?
country--countries(国家)
注意以元音+y，直接加s。如：day--days(天)，boy--boys(男孩)
4)以f或fe结尾，复数变f或
fe
为v再加-es
如knife-knives(书)
,?
half-halves(一半)
(thief
,wife
,life
,shelf
,knife
,leaf
,self
,half
,wolf)
注意①有少数词后直接加s，如roof-roofs
(屋顶)
5)以o结尾
(1)辅音字母加o结尾名词的加-es
如tomato-tomatoes(西红杮)
potato-potatoes(土豆)
(2)
元音字母加o结尾名词的加-s
如piano-pianos
(钢琴),?
zoo-zoos(动物园)
photo-photos
(照片),?
kangaroo-kangaroos(袋鼠)
kilo-kilos(千克)
注意zero
两种方式都可：zero-zeros或
zeroes(零)
不规则变化
1)
元音字母发变化。
如man--men(男人)
，
woman--women(妇女)
tooth--teeth(牙齿)?
，
foot--feet(脚)
mouse--mice(老鼠)?
，
policeman--policemen(警察)
policewoman--policewomen(女警察)
2)
词尾发生变化。
如child--children(小孩)?
，
ox--oxen(公牛)
3)
单、复数形式相同。
如fish--fish(鱼)
，sheep--sheep(绵羊)
，deer--deer(鹿)
，Chinese--Chinese(中国人)
，Yuan--Yuan(元)
，jinn--jinn(斤)
?
注意
不说an
English，要说an
Englishman.
①fish作鱼肉讲时不可数，没有复数。
②fishes指各种不同种类鱼或指几条鱼。
4)
形似单数，实为复数意义。
如people(人，人们)these
people
(不说a
people，可说a
person)
police(公安，警察)ten
police
(不说a
police，可说a
policeman)
5)
由man和woman构成的合成名词，变复数将名词及man或woman都变成复数。
如a
man
driver-men
drivers(男司机)
a
woman
doctor-women
doctors
(女医生)
6)
合成名词变为复数时，通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数。
如passer-by-passers-by(过路人)
bus
driver-bus
drivers(汽车司机)
注意如果没有主体名词，就在最后一词上加-s。如：
grown-up-grown-ups(成年人)
letter-box-letter-boxes
(信箱)
注意①hair和fruit通常作单数，表示总体。若表示若干根头发或若干种水果，则需用这两个词的复数形式。
如would
you
like
some
more
fruit??
你要不要再吃点水果？
we
bought
a
lot
of
fruit
from
the
market.?
我们从市场上买了许多水果，
china
has
some
good
frits.?
中国有一些好的水果。(指种类)
she
has
a
few
white
hairs.?
她有几要白头发。
his
black
hair
is
going
white.?
他的黑发逐渐变成灰白色。
注意②wind
,snow和rain这类词，有时也可以有复数形式，表示多次的风、雪或雨。
注意以boy
和girl开头的复合名词变成复数时，一般只把后一名词变成复数。
如?
boy
student-boy
students(男学生)
girlfriend--girlfriends(女朋友)
7)
有些名词只有作复数。
如scissors(剪刀)a
pair
of
scissors(一把剪刀)trousers(裤子)shorts(短裤)jeans(工装裤)compasses(两脚规)scales(天平)sunglasses(太阳镜)surroundings(环境)savings(储蓄)writings(作品)
名词+man(woman)构成的复合名词，其复数形式通常与简单名词一样，即把man(woman)改成men(women)。
如Englishman--Englishmen(英国人)
?
Frenchwoman--Frenchwomen(法国妇女)
注意German不是复合词，它的复数是Germans。
常用口诀
表示民族的名词顺口溜
（1）“中、日、瑞”友好是一致。
（2）“英、法”联盟a变e。
（3）其他一律加s
即Chinese，Japanese单复数同形；Englishman，Frenchman的复数为Englishmen，Frenchmen；其他像German，American，Australian等的复数形式是在后面加“s”。
o结尾的名词顺口溜
1）有生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时，词尾加es，凡无生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时，词尾加s。
有生命：potato-potatoes,
tomato-tomatoes,
hero-heroes,
negro--negroes
如无生命：zoo-zoos,
radio-radios,
photo-photos,
piano-pianos,
zero-zeros,
bamboo（竹竿）--bamboos,
tobacco（烟丝）--tobaccos1）
2）两人两菜一火山。（+es）
小学—中学课本中以o结尾的名词构成复数时，加es的只有negro（黑人），hero（英雄），potato（土豆），tomato（西红杮），volcano（火山），这就是“两人两菜一火山”。
或：黑人和英雄吃土豆和西红柿Negroes
and
heroes
eat
tomatoes
and
potatoes）
2）其余以o结尾的名词变复数时均加s。
图景：你在“zoo”里，看见一要“bamboo”，上面挂着一张“photo”，所照的是一架“piano”，上面放着一台“radio”。
zoo-zoos
,
bamboo-bamboos
,photo-photos
piano-pianos,
radio-radios.
f、fe结尾的顺口溜
（1）以f(e)结尾的名词变为复数时，有的把f(e)改为v(e)再加s，其他的以“f(e)”结尾的名词则直接加“s”。
妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；
躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。
wife（妻子），knife（刀子），wolf（狼）thief（小偷），shelf（架子），life（生命）leaf（树叶），self（自己），half（一半），这9个名词变复数时，都要改“f(e)”为“ve”再加“s”。
(2)以f结尾的名词，一般把把f改为ves，但也有特殊情况是直接加-s的，
如gulf,
roof,
chief,
serf,
belief,
proof,
handkerchief。编成口诀联想：
海湾边、屋顶上，首领农仆相望；
谁说他们无信仰，语气定在手帕上
巧记不规则名词单变复
男女脚步牙鹅，老鼠加虱婆。
man-men;
woman-women;
foot-feet;
tooth-teeth;
goose-geese;
mouse-mice;
louse-lice.
教学重难点
掌握名词的分类
掌握可数名词单数变复数的规则
特色讲解
1.
The
__
in
our
yard
are
very
beautiful.
A.
cloth B.
water C.
flowers
解析：Be
动词使用了are
所以前面的名词为复数，AB为不可数，故选择C
2.
Tom
is
one
of
the
Chinese
_____
in
our
school.
A.
boy
B.
boys
C.
boies
解析;one
of
名词复数
，boy
是元音加y
故选择B
3.
A
cat
has
four
____
,
doesn't
it?
A.
foots
B.
feet
C.
feet
解析foot
属于特殊变形
feet
故选择B
4.
There
are
three
____
and
five
_____
in
the
room.
A.
American,
Japanese
B
Americans,
Japanese
C.
American,
Janpaneses
解析：根据口诀中日不变英法变其余S加后边，故选择B
5.
Can
you
see
nine
____
in
the
picture?
A.
fish
B.
book
C.
horse
解析：nine
后边为复数名词排除bc，故选择a
6.
The
_____
has
two______.
A.
boy;
watch
B.
boy;
watches
C.
boys;
watch
解析：has
前主语为单数，two
后为复数，故选择B
7.
The
_____
are
flying
back
to
their
country.
A.
Germany
B.
Germanys
C.
Germans
解析：根据口诀中日不变英法变其余S加后边，故选择c
当堂练习
A部分
写出下列名词的复数形式
1.computer
____________
2.apple
____________
3.city
______________
4.house
_____________
5.sheep
____________
6.watch
______________
7.tomato
_____________
8.child
_____________
9.tooth
_____________
10.foot
______________
11.wife
_____________
12.potato
_______
答案
1.computers
2.apples
3.cities
4.houses
5.sheep
6.watches
7.tomatoes
8.children
9.teeth
10.feet
11.wives
12.potatos
B部分
二．选择填空
1．There
are
two
______
in
the
room.
A.
Chineses
B.
Englishman
2.The
old
man
will
have
___________
out.
A.
two
tooths
B.
two
teeth
3.
____________
are
sold
in
this
bookstore.
A.
Children’s
books
B.
Children
books
4.
Some
friends
of
_________
will
come
here.
A.
John’s
B.
John
5.
Can
you
give
me
______________?
A.
some
papers
B.
a
piece
of
paper
6.There
are
______________
on
the
floor.
A.
some
box
B.
some
boxes
BBAABB
C部分
阅读理解，根据短文回答下面的问题。
Mary
is
an
English
girl,
but
she
is
in
Canada
now.
She
is
six
years
old.
Her
mother
says
to
her,”
You’re
six
and
you’ll
start
to
school
here.
You
will
like
the
school,
because
it’s
a
good
school.”
“Is
it
an
English
school?”
Mary
asks.
“Yes,
it
is”
Her
mother
tells
her.
She
goes
to
school.
The
teachers
are
very
friendly
to
her
and
speak
good
English.
They
like
her
and
her
classmates
like
her.She
likes
them
very
much
,too.
She’s
a
happy
girl.
(
)1.Mary
is
now
in
_________.
A.
Japan
B.
England
C.Canada
D.English
(
)2.How
old
is
she?
A.
Seven
B.
Six
C.Five
D.
Twelve
(
)3.Is
Mary
an
English
girl
or
a
Chinese
girl?
A.
She’s
a
Chinese
girl.
B.
She’s
an
English
boy.
C.
She’s
an
English
girl.
D.He’s
an
English
girl.
(
)4.How
are
her
teachers?
A.
They
’re
happy.
B.
They’re
tall.
C.
They
have
big
eyes.
D.
They’re
friendly.
(
)5.Does
Mary
like
the
school?
A.
No,
she
does.
B.Yes,
she
does.
C.
Yes,
she
doesn’t
D.
No,
she
doesn’t.
CBCDB
当堂检测
按要求填入单词的适当形式
1．Two________
live
in
this
building.
(family)
2．Look
at
those
_______.
(child)
3．I
can
see
a
________
standing
near
the
door.
(policeman)
4．There
are
some
________
on
the
table.
(glass)
5．Would
you
like
some
________?
(bread)
6．I
have
two
________.
(sister)
7．I
like
________.
(cat)
8．Do
you
want
some
________
for
supper?
(potato)
9．He
has
two
________.
One
is
old
,
the
other
is
new
.(watch)
10．In
autumn
,
you
can
see
a
lot
of
________
on
the
ground.
(leaf)
答案：1.families
2.children
3.policeman
4.glasses
5.bread
6.sisters
7.cats
8.potatoes
9.watches
10.leaves
将下列句子变成复数形式
1．This
is
a
knife.
_________________________________________
2．That
is
a
tomato.
_________________________________________
3．I
have
a
wish.
_________________________________________
4．That
child
is
very
lovely.
___________________________________
5．An
Englishman
stood
there.
__________________________________
答案：
1.These
are
knives.
2.Those
are
tomatoes.
3.Those
children
are
very
lovly.
4.Some
Englishmen
stood
there.
家庭作业
阅读理解，
根据短文内容判断正（T）误(F)。（10分）
It's
Sunday
morning.
The
students
of
Class
3
are
giving
their
classroom
a
good
cleaning.
Miss
Huang,
their
teacher,
is
working
with
them.
The
children
are
busy.
Some
are
carrying
water;
some
are
cleaning
the
windows;
others
are
sweeping
the
floor.
Zhang
Hua
is
putting
up
a
map
on
the
wall.
It
is
a
map
of
China.
Wang
Fei
and
Wei
Qing
are
mending
some
broken
chairs.
The
children
are
listening
to
the
radio
while
they
are
working.
The
classroom
looks
nice
and
bright
after
the
cleaning.
The
children
are
very
happy.
They
go
home
for
lunch
at
noon.
(
)
1.
The
children
are
playing
in
their
classroom
on
Sunday
morning.
(
)
2.
Miss
Huang,
their
mother,
is
working
with
them.
(
)
3.
There
is
a
map
of
China
on
the
wall.
(
)
4.
Two
of
them
are
repairing
the
broken
chairs.
(
)
5.
They
are
singing
while
they
are
working.
F
F
T
T
F
选择正确答案。
Jack
is
a
teacher
of
English.
He
is
not
young，but
he
is
not
old.
He
has
a
round
face
and
black
hair.
He
is
tall.
There
are
fifty
students
in
his
class.
They
all
like
him.
Now
it's
in
the
afternoon.
Look，some
students
are
working
in
the
classroom.
Jack
is
there，too.
He
is
helping
them
to
study
English.
He
is
a
good
teacher，and
he
is
a
good
friend
of
them
all.
(
)1.
What
does
Jack
do?
A.
He
is
a
worker.
B.
He
is
a
teacher.
C.
He
is
a
doctor.
D.
He's
a
nurse.
(
)2.
What
colour
is
his
hair?
A.
It's
black.
B.
His
hair
is
white.
C.
It
is
brown.
D.
He
has
yellow
hair.
(
)3.
How
many
students
are
there
in
his
class?
A.
There
are
fifteen
students
in
his
class.
B.
There's
fifty.
C.
He
has
fifty.
D.
There're
fifty
in
it.
(
)4.
Jack
is
a
good
teacher，isn't
he?
A.
Yes，he
isn't.
B.
No，he
is.
C.
Yes，he's.
D.
Yes，he
is.
(
)5.
What
are
the
students
doing
in
the
classroom?
A.
They
are
walking
there.
B.
They
are
doing
their
lessons.
C.
They
are
helping
their
teacher.
D.
They
are
good
friends
of
Jack.
BADDB
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