牛津译林版英语八年级下Units 3-4 知识点讲解与练习（含答案）

牛津译林八年级下册Unit3-Unit4
知识点讲解+练习
知识点一
U3-4重要词汇知识点归纳
【知识梳理】
1.
what
to
do
with
=
how
to
deal
with
如何处理….
疑问词在句中怎么做题？
(1)
疑问词+to
do
where
to
go
which
one
to
buy
(2)
疑问词+
陈述语序
I
don’t
know
what
you
are
making
now.
what
to
do
how
to
do
it
2.
as形容词/副词
原型as
one
can
=
as形容词/副词
原型as
possible
尽可能做某事
as
far
as
I
could
尽我所能的远
As…as
不如
not
as/so
…as
the
same…
as
…
与……一样……
the
same
size
as..
the
same
colour
as….
It
is
not
as
difficult
as
I
thought
这没有我想象的那么难。
3.
be
tied
to
被绑在….
tie
→
tying
lie
→
lying
die
→
dying
4.continue
doing
sth
继续做某事
continue
to
do
sth
go
on
doing
sth
=
carry
on
doing
sth
=
carry
on
with
sth
5.manage
to
do
sth
设法做某事
=
succeed
in
doing
sth
6.
too…to
太……而不能
You
are
never
too
old
to
learn.
活到老，学到老
Sb
+
be
+adj.
+enough
to
do
sth
有足够的……做某事
My
grandma
started
using
Weibo
at
the
age
of
80.
She
always
says
it's
never_______
old
to
learn.
A.
too
B.
so
C.
enough
D.
quite
答案：A
They
were
_____
busy
____
with
each
other
to
remember
the
time.
A.
enough;
talking
B.
enough;
to
talk
C.
too;
talking
D.
too;
to
talk
答案：C
7.have
been
to
(次数)
曾经到过某地
have
gone
to
(Where…)
去了某地（人不在）
have
been
in
(How
long…)
在某地呆了多久
8.
be
on
business
出差
to
run
a
business
经营一家企业
none
of
your
business
不关你的事
support
from
local
businesses
9.
搭乘直达航班
take
a
direct
fight
to….
a
direct
high-speed
train
to…
直达……的高铁
I
will
take
a
direct
high-speed
train
to
Hangzhou
to
see
you
tonight.
10.
further
on
再往前走
further
study
继续深造
go
aboard
for
further
study
出国深造
can’t
walk
any
further
再也走不动了
far----farther
(距离远近)
further
（程度）
11.
would
you
mind
doing/sth…?
mind
doing
sth
mind
one’s
doing
sth
(介意某人做某事)
mind
not
doing
sth
Would
you
mind
my
smoking
here?你介意我在这儿抽烟吗？
不介意
Of
course
not.
介意的
Of
course.
You’d
better
not.
…
-Do
you
mind
me_______
in
the
dining
hall?
-Sorry.
It's
not_______.
A.
smoking;
allowed
B.
smoking;
allow
C.
to
smoke;
allow
D.
to
smoke;
allowed
答案：A
【例题精讲】
例1.The
young
man
kept
________
the
little
boy
________
away
from
the
big
dog.
A.to
warn,
keeping
B.to
warn,
to
keep
C.
warning,
keeping
D.
warning,
to
keep
例2.Excuse
me,
could
you
please
help
me
carry
the
box?
---________.
A.
Never
mind
B.
With
pleasure
C.
Of
course
not
D.
My
pleasure
例3.The
boy
sleeping
with
his
eyes
________
is
my
________
friend.
A.
closed,
close
B.
close,
closed
C.
close,
close
D.
closed,
closed
例4.Anna
dances,
________,
if
not
better
than,
Lily.
A.so
well
B.as
well
as
C.so
well
as
D.as
well
例5.---I
can’t
believe
you
have
finished
the
work.
---My
friends
helped
me.
Just
as
the
saying
goes,
“________”.
A.
Practice
makes
perfect
B.
Burn
the
candles
at
both
ends
C.
Many
hands
make
light
work
D.
Put
all
your
eggs
in
one
basket
答案：DBABC
【课堂练习】
A.请根据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意，写出句中所缺单词，使句子通顺。
1.Miss
Wu
is
always
patient
enough
to
spend
her
time
________(解释)
to
the
students
after
class.
2.The
more
books
you
read,
the
richer
________
you
will
get.
3.Take
my
advice
and
you
will
________(prevent
something
bad
from
happening)
causing
problems.
4.---How
was
your
last
trip
to
Hainan?
---It
was
________(wonderful,
amazing).
I
enjoyed
myself.
5.I’m
strongly
________
smoking
because
it’s
harmful
to
our
health.
答案：
explaining/knowledge/avoid/fantastic/against
知识点二
Grammar
【知识梳理】
一、疑问词加动词不定式
(1)
句法功能：
①“
wh-词＋不定式”
主要用作宾语或者宾语补足语，跟在动词decide,
forget,
advise,
discuss,
remember,
understand,
think,
teach等之后。
◆疑问词分为疑问代词和疑问副词。常用的疑问代词有：what;which;who;whom;whose.
疑问副词有：where,when,why;how
e.g.:
We
must
think
what
to
do.
I
can't
decide
whom
to
invite.
Daniel
taught
himself
how
to
use
a
computer
to
draw.
②
除用作宾语外，还可用作主语、表语等。
e.g.:
When
to
leave
has
not
been
decided.何时离开还没有决定。
The
question
is
how
to
find
him.问题是如何找到他。
(2)
注意点：
①
若动词不定式的动词为不及物动词，需要加上后面的介词。
e.g.
Daniel
did
not
say
who
to
talk
to
about
this
book.
I
don’t
know
who
to
turn
to
for
help
when
I
have
problems.
②
原则上说，why后不接不定式：
误：Kitty
explained
why
to
be
late
for
school.
正：Kitty
explained
why
she
was
late
for
school.
不过若不定式不带to，则可用why。
e.g.:
Why
not
go
there
at
once?　
Why
argue
with
her?　
但这类结构通常只用于谈论现在和将来，不用于谈论过去。
误：Why
not
clean
the
room
yesterday?
正：Why
didn't
you
clean
the
room
yesterday?
(3)
how用于该结构的注意点：
有些动词后接“how＋不定式”作宾语时，how可以省略：
e.g.:
Did
you
learn
(how)
to
drive
a
car?　你学过开车吗？
但是，有些动词后面接“疑问词how＋不定式”作宾语时，尽管其中的how在汉语中无需译出，但不能将how省略。
e.g.:
He
knows
how
to
play
the
piano.
He
showed
her
how
to
swim.
(4)“疑问词十不定式”结构可以和复合句转换。
e.g.:
He
asked
where
he
would
go
shopping
after
supper.
＝He
asked
where
to
go
shopping
after
supper.
二、be+adj.+enough+to
do
sth.表示“（某人、某物）足够做某事”
例如：I’m
tall
enough
to
reach
the
top
of
the
tree.
【拓展句型】be+adj.+enough+for
sb.+to
do
sth.表示对某人来说“（某人、某物）足够做某事”
1.
enough作形容词，意思是“足够的;充分的”。作定语置于被修饰的名词前后均可，前置时强调enough，后置时强调被修饰词。如：
Five
men
will
be
quite
enough.
I
have
enough
books
now.
=
I
have
books
enough
now.
2.
enough作副词的意思是
“十分地;充分地;足够地;充足地”，置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后，常与不定式或介词for连用
，在句子中作状语，表示程度。如：
Mum,
I
think
I’m
well
enough
to
get
back
to
school.
【拓展】
enough作感叹词时意思是“够了;停止;住手;不要再继续了”，用以表达不耐烦或恼怒。如：
You’ve
been
practicing
the
violin
all
afternoon.
Enough!
三、too...to...结构和用法
(1).
too...
to...表示“太……而不能……”。too
的后面接形容词或副词的原级，to
的后面接动词原形。too...
to...句型是简单句。如：
He
is
too
young
to
join
the
army.
(2).
too...
to...
结构表达肯定的意义
①.
too
前面含有表示否定意义的词，如:
not,
never,
nothing等时，too...
to...
结构不表示否定的意义。如：
It
is
never
too
old
to
learn.
活到老，学到老。(要学永远都不迟。)
②.
too后接表示感情的形容词，如glad,
pleased,
happy,
sad等时，too...
to...句型不再表示否定意义，而表示的是肯定意义。例如：
He
is
too
sad
to
hear
the
bad
news.
(2)too...
to...
结构与enough...to...
结构的相互转换
将too...to...结构转换为enough...
to...
结构时，要注意：
①.enough
前的形容词或副词应是too前面形容词或副词的反义词；
②.
enough...
to...
句式须用否定式；
如：She
is
too
young
to
do
the
work.
=
She
isn't
old
enough
to
do
the
work.
四、It
is
+adj.
+to
do
sth.做…事怎么样
在此句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式部分，由于主语较长，为了避免头重脚轻，用it做形式主语。有时it还可作为形式宾语，代替较长的宾语部分。
如：It
is
great
to
be
with
you.
I
find
it
interesting
to
watch
the
action
film.
拓展句型：It
is
+n.+to
do
sth.
如：It
is
a
good
idea
to
have
a
shower
now.
It
is
+adj.
+for
sb.+to
do
sth.对某人来说做…事怎么样
此结构是一个陈述句,
表示说话人对客观事件的决断,
比较正式。这类形容词有difficult,
easy,
hard,
important,
dangerous,(im)possible等。?如：
It’s
very
dangerous
for
children
to
cross
the
busy
street.
It’s
difficult
for
us
to
finish
the
work.
It
is
+adj.
+of
sb.+to
do
sth.对某人来说做…事怎么样
此句型在英语中运用较为频繁,尤其在口语中。该句型通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等感叹情绪，其实相当于感叹句。
如：
It’s
very
kind
of
you
to
help
me.
该句型中用作表语的形容词常见的有如下几类:
(1)
表示聪明或愚蠢的形容词,有clever,
wise,
foolish,
stupid,
silly等,
如:
It’s
silly
of
him
to
do
such
a
thing.
(2)
表示正确或错误的形容词,有
right,
wrong,
correct,
incorrect
等,
如:
It
was
right
of
her
not
to
come
here.
(3)
表示好坏等品性的形容词,此类词较多,有
good,
nice,
kind,
sweet,
friendly,
lovely等,
如:
It’s
friendly
of
you
to
come
and
see
me.
(4)
表示褒义或贬义色彩的形容词,有brave,
polite,
careless,
selfish等,如:
It
was
brave
of
you
to
manage
to
do
it.
【补充】of
sb.
的句型通常都可转换为不定式作状语的句子。
?It’s
very
nice
of
you
to
offer
me
a
seat.
=
You
are
nice
to
offer
me
a
seat.
十分感谢你给我让座。
?It
is
careless
of
him
to
lose
so
many
things.
?=
He
is
careless
to
lose
so
many
things.
他丢了这么多东西，真是太粗心了。
【例题精讲】
例1:
The
purpose
of
the
talk
is
to
teach
the
students
rules
of
eating.(对划线部分提问)
________
the
________
of
the
talk?
例2:He
also
knew
the
truth.(改为否定句)
He
________
know
the
truth,
________.
例3:The
box
isn’t
light
enough
for
him
to
carry.(改为同义句)
The
box
is
________
________
for
him
to
carry.
例4:He’s
just
back
home,
________
________?(改为反义疑问句)
例5:The
film
was
very
boring.
I
fell
asleep
at
last.(合并为一句)
It
was
________
a
boring
film
________
I
fell
asleep
at
last.
答案：1.
What’s,
purpose
2.
didn’t,
either
3.
too
heavy
4.isn’t,
he
5.
such,
that
课堂练习
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺。
success
Germany
ugly
he
polite
1.
---What
language
do
________
speak?
---They
speak
German.
2.
After
the
car
accident,
the
young
man
found
________
unable
to
move
when
he
woke
up.
3.
The
Harry
Potter
series
is
________
translated
into
about
70
languages.
4.
The
design
is
much
________
than
we
expected.
5.
The
little
boy
is
not
as
________
as
he
used
to
be
and
he
is
willing
to
share
everything
with
others.
答案：Germans/himself/successfully/uglier/impolite
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。
tie
not
be
wake
join
work
1.
Simon
________
in
Nanjing
for
ten
years,
but
he
has
come
back
to
Shanghai
recently.
2.
If
you
________
careless,
your
mother
will
be
happy.
3.
There
is
no
need
to
turn
off
the
radio.
The
baby
________
up
now.
4.
Daniel
________
his
books
with
ropes
when
I
came
into
his
room.
5.
---________
Lily
________
our
discussion
this
afternoon?
---Yes,
she
is.
答案：worked/aren’t/has
waken/was
tying/Is
going
to
join
首字母填空
Nowadays,
WeChat
is
becoming
more
and
more
p____1____
in
China.
No
matter
where
we
are，we
can
send
text
or
voice
m____2____
to
our
friends.
We
can
also
find
a
stranger
to
talk
to
by
s____3____
the
phone．Another
funny
function（作用
）
is
that
WeChat
can
help
to
s____4____
for
people
nearby
with
the
program
on.
Many
people
like
this
function,
because
it
can
help
them
to
find
more
people
who
they
may
know.
In
my
opinion.
WeChat
is
really
a
u____5____
chatting
tool.
It
can
help
people
communicate
with
their
friends
more
e____6____.
However，it
is
also
bad
for
people,
especially
for
students.
As
you
see,
some
people
use
WeChat
for
A
too
long.
It
is
not
healthy
to
them.
So
I
have
some
advice
to
use
it
in
a
c____7____
way.
First,
we
should
not
use
it
when
we
are
studying.
We
can't
focus
on
our
study
if
we
use
it.
Second,
we
must
be
careful.
We
should
n____8____
show
too
much
personal
information
nor
trust
（相信）
strangers
so
much.
We
should
learn
how
to
use
it
p____9____.
Remember
that
we
should
p____10____
ourselves
when
we
use
it.
1.__________
2.__________
3.__________
4.__________
5.__________
6.__________
7.__________
8.__________
9.__________
10.__________
答案：1.popular
2.
messages
3.
shaking
4.
search
5.
useful
6.
easily
7.correct
8.
neither
9.
properly
10.
protect
课后练习
单项选择题
1.---What
do
you
think
of
________
film
“Operation
Red
Sea”?
---Oh,
what
________
exciting
film!
I’d
like
to
see
it
again.
A.
the,
a
B.
the,
an
C.
a,
the
D.
a,
an
2.---Can
I
walk
________
the
road
now,
Mum?
---No,
you
mustn’t.
You
have
to
wait
________
the
light
turns
green.
A.
cross,
for
B.
across,
for
C.
cross,
until
D.
across,
until
3.---________
will
they
do
with
the
waste
paper?
---Oh,
they
are
having
a
discussion
about
________
to
reuse
it.
A.
What,
how
B.
How,
what
C.
How,
how
D.
What,
what
4.Sandy
has
________
for
five
years.
Five
years
________
a
long
time.
A.
left
home,
is
B.
been
away
from
home,
is
C.
left
home,
are
D.
been
away
from
home,
are
5.________
good
advice
she
gave
me
_______
how
to
make
a
book
report!
A.
How,
on
B.
What
a,
on
C.
What,
about
D.
How,
about
6.---Would
you
mind
me
________
here?
---________.
Let
me
take
my
bag
away.
A.to
sit,
Better
not
B.
sitting,
I’m
afraid
not
C.
sitting,
Not
at
all
D.to
sit,
I
hope
so
7.---How
do
you
keep
in
touch
with
friends?
---We
________
write
to
each
other,
but
we
________
on
QQ
now.
A.
used
to,
are
used
to
chat
B.
used
to,
are
used
to
chatting
C.
are
used
to,
used
to
chat
D.
are
used
to,
used
to
chatting
8.I
have
spent
________
on
this
job.
I
think
I
can
finish
it
________
this
afternoon.
A.
sometime,
sometimes
B.
sometimes,
some
time
C.
some
time,
sometime
D.some
times,
some
time
9.---Must
I
hand
in
my
report
now?
---No,
you
________.
You
may
________
tomorrow.
A.
mustn’t,
hand
it
in
B.
mustn’t,
hand
in
it
C.
needn’t,
hand
in
it
D.
needn’t,
hand
it
in
10.It’s
said
that
two
years
________
since
the
old
man
________.
A.
has
passed,
has
died
B.
has
passed,
died
C.
have
passed,
died
D.
have
passed,
has
died
答案：1—5:
BDABC
6—10:
CBCDB