(共52张PPT)
课时提升作业
三十 选修6
Unit
5 The
power
of
nature
(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
(2021·黄冈模拟)
Would
you
drink
water
that
had
once
been
washed
down
a
toilet
after
it’s
been
cleaned?
Think
about
it!
The
climate
is
warming
and
fresh
water
is
falling
short.
So
recycling
waste
water
into
drinking
water
may
become
a
necessity.
However,
“People
are
disgusted
by
recycled
water,
because
it
was
once
waste
water,
the
water
that
goes
down
your
showers
or
your
toilets.
And
even
though
it’s
cleaned
up
to
a
standard
that
is
the
same
if
not
better
than
commercially
bottled
water,
the
key
barrier
to
accept
it
is
people’s
disgust
regarding
it.
”
Riverside
psychologist
Daniel
Harmon
said.
In
a
recent
set
of
experiments,
Harmon
and
his
colleague
Mary
Gauvain
learned
how
difficult
it
can
be
for
people
to
get
over
their
disgust
at
the
thought
of
drinking
recycled
water.
Harmon
said,
“Our
study
was
aimed
at
investigating
whether
commercials,
or
these
pro-environmental
messages
actually
work.
That
is,
whether
they
can
get
people
to
accept
recycled
water
and
consume
recycled
water.
”
In
one
experiment,
the
researchers
had
some
participants
watch
a
short
video
promoting
water
conservation.
And
in
another
experiment,
they
added
a
video
explaining
why
recycled
water
might
result
in
disgust,
even
though
all
pollutants
have
been
cleared
away.
And
neither
video
had
a
strong
effect
on
people’s
willingness
to
drink
recycled
water
or
to
sign
a
document
supporting
the
practice.
In
fact,
watching
the
video
that
directly
explained
recycled
water’s
disgusting
factor
was
no
more
persuasive
than
the
water
conservation
video
alone.
Perhaps
because
reason
or
logic
doesn’t
work
at
all.
Harmon
thought,
“Disgust
is
such
a
powerful
reaction
that
simply
giving
more
information
is
not
going
to
be
effective
because
disgust
is
not
really
a
reasonable
response.
”
Harmon
said
it’s
probably
going
to
take
a
lot
more
to
get
people
to
accept
recycled
water.
For
example,
it
might
help
to
see
members
of
their
community
drinking
water
that’s
gone,
as
it’s
called,
from
“toilet
to
tap”,
with
no
ill
effects.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。主要介绍了人们对于是否可以饮用循环水的态度。
1.
What
does
waste
water
refer
to
in
Paragraph
2?
A.
Water
once
used
in
showers.
B.
Water
polluted
by
industrial
waste.
C.
Water
used
to
wash
down
streets.
D.
Water
causing
diseases
to
spread
widely.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第二段“However,
‘People
are
disgusted
by
recycled
water,
because
it
was
once
waste
water,
the
water
that
goes
down
your
showers
or
your
toilets’”可知,
然而,
人们厌恶循环水,
因为这些水曾经是废水,
来自于洗澡水或者冲厕所的水。所以waste
water指代的是曾经在洗澡中用的水。
2.
What’s
the
purpose
of
Harmon’s
survey?
A.
To
check
if
commercials
are
reliable.
B.
To
prove
pro-environmental
messages
do
matter.
C.
To
investigate
if
people
know
about
waste
water.
D.
To
see
whether
recycled
water
will
be
accepted.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段“Our
study
was
aimed
at
investigating
whether
commercials,
or
these
pro-environmental
messages
actually
work.
That
is,
whether
they
can
get
people
to
accept
recycled
water
and
consume
recycled
water.
”
我们的研究旨在调查是否商业广告,
或这些有利于环境的信息真的起作用。也就是说,
他们是否能让人们接受循环水并消费循环水。所以Harmon做这个调查的目的是看人们是否接受循环水。
3.
What
can
we
know
about
“disgust”
according
to
Harmon?
A.
It
is
an
unreasonable
reaction.
B.
There
is
no
persuasive
evidence
about
it.
C.
It
needs
more
logic
and
reasons
to
overcome
it.
D.
It
is
caused
by
pollutants
in
recycled
water.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段“Disgust
is
such
a
powerful
reaction
that
simply
giving
more
information
is
not
going
to
be
effective
because
disgust
is
not
really
a
reasonable
response.
”
厌恶是一种非常强烈的反应,
简单地提供更多的信息是不会有效的,
因为厌恶并不是一种合理的反应。所以Harmon认为厌恶并不是一种合理的反应。
4.
Where
is
the
text
probably
from?
A.
A
biology
textbook.
B.
A
travel
brochure.
C.
A
scientific
magazine.
D.
A
medicine
magazine.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。本文主要介绍了人们对于饮用循环水的态度,
且文章反复提到了“experiment”所以是和科学实验有关系。所以文章可能来源于科学杂志。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
阅读下面短文,
从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项
中有两项为多余选项。
Is
Managing
Kids’
Screen
Time
a
Good
Idea?
Screen
time
is
a
big
topic
of
conversation
in
today’s
households,
particularly
during
the
pandemic
when
online
education
hours
have
multiplied
for
many
students.
__1__They
hope
to
spare
their
kids
from
the
countless
challenges
that
technology
can
bring.
Yet
the
challenges
of
screen
time
overuse
seldom
come
from
kids’
devices
themselves,
but
rather
from
the
tense
relationships
that
technology
can
bring
to
families.
__2__
But
technology
has
positive
benefits
too.
Since
every
child
and
family
is
different,
managing
screen
time
calls
for
joint
family
decision-making.
?
If
parents
believe
they
can
manage
a
child’s
screen
time
through
adolescence,
they
are
not
only
fooling
themselves
but
also
inviting
relationship
trouble
with
their
teens.
It
is
a
myth
to
think
that
parents
can
or
should
manage
their
kids’
screen
time
through
authoritarian
restrictions,
even
during
elementary
school.
__3__
When
children
are
left
out
of
those
decisions,
they
often
become
less
communicative
with
parents
and
siblings.
This
is
the
opposite
of
what
parents
want
to
achieve.
?
__4__
From
early
ages,
children
are
quite
capable
of
understanding
that
a
good
life
involves
awareness
and
balance.
Just
as
they
learn
right
from
wrong,
and
good
from
bad,
they
can
also
learn
to
use
technology
in
healthy
ways.
Learning
how
to
regulate
oneself
and
develop
healthy
behaviors
is
one
of
the
primary
tasks
of
childhood
and
adolescence.
What
happens
when
an
adult
tries
to
regulate
a
child
is
that
the
child
misses
out
on
the
opportunity
to
learn
for
themselves.
Enforced
restrictions
can
also
make
children
feel
helpless
and
less
confident.
?
To
be
clear,
this
article
is
not
suggesting
that
families
never
use
apps
or
trackers,
or
that
there
should
be
no
restrictions
on
screen
time.
__5__
Parents
should
give
voice
to
children
and
involve
them
in
the
planning
and
decision-making
process.
?
A.
Of
course,
there
are
websites
that
are
unhealthy
for
kids
to
access.
B.
The
alternative
is
to
involve
children
in
decisions
that
govern
screen
time.
C.
However,
every
family
needs
a
family
media
plan
between
family
members.
D.
The
goal
is
to
see,
hear,
feel,
and
understand
how
children
view
screen
time.
E.
To
manage
children’s
screen
time,
parents
have
invested
in
apps
and
trackers.
F.
To
get
children
involved,
parents
should
trust
and
develop
kids’
self-awareness.
G.
What
it
is
suggesting
is
that
parents
look
at
managing
screen
time
in
a
different
way.
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了“管理孩子们的屏幕时间是个好主意吗”这一问题,
最后得出结论:
父母应该让孩子们有发言权,
让他们参与问题的计划和决策过程。
1.
【解析】选E。由上一句“在今天的家庭中,
屏幕时间是一个重要的话题,
特别是在疫情期间,
许多学生的在线教育时间成倍增加。”和下一句“他们希望让他们的孩子们免受科技带来的无数挑战。”可知,
疫情期间,
学生上网面对屏幕的时间增加,
家长害怕这对孩子造成不好的影响,
所以会去购买相关的应用程序和追踪器来监控孩子的上网时间,
控制孩子们的屏幕时间,
E选项中的“manage
children’s
screen
time”对应本段尾句中的“managing
screen
time”,
承接上下文。故选E项。
2.
【解析】选A。由下一句“但是科技也有积极的好处。”可知,
But表转折,
空后说科技的好处,
此空应说科技不好的地方,
比如不健康的网站对孩子不好,
承接下文,
A选项“当然,
有些网站对孩子来说是不健康的。”切题。故选A项。
3.
【解析】选B。由上一句“这是个神话,
认为父母可以或应该通过专制的限制来管理孩子的屏幕时间,
甚至在小学阶段也是如此。”和下一句“当孩子们被排除在那些决定之外时,
他们经常会减少与父母和兄弟姐妹的交流。”可知,
对于管理孩子们的屏幕时间,
父母专制化的监管很难实现,
而且孩子被排除在“屏幕时间管理”的决定之外,
又会带来消极影响,
说明作者认为孩子应该参与到“屏幕时间管理”的决策中,
B选项中的“decisions”对应下文中的“those
decisions”,
承接上下文。故选B项。
4.
【解析】选F。由下文“从很小的时候起,
孩子们就很有能力理解良好的生活需要意识和平衡。正如他们从错误中学习正确,
从不好中学习好,
他们也可以学习以健康的方式使用技术。”可知,
孩子是有自主(学习)意识的,
所以为了让孩子参与到“屏幕时间管理”的决策中,
父母要信任孩子有自我意识去学习、理解事物,
承接下文,
F选项“为了让孩子参与进来,
父母应该信任并培养孩子的自我意识。”切题。故选F项。
5.
【解析】选G。由上一句“明确地说,
这篇文章并不是建议家庭永远不要使用应用程序或追踪器,
或者不应该限制屏幕时间。”和下一句“父母应该让孩子们有发言权,
让他们参与计划和决策过程。”可知,
文章并非建议父母不去管理孩子的屏幕时间,
而是建议父母让孩子也参与到“屏幕时间管理”的决策中,
相对于父母专制化的完全监管,
这是一种不一样的管理屏幕时间的方式,
承接上下文,
G选项“它建议的是,
父母应该用一种不同的方式来管理屏幕时间。”切题。故选G项。
Ⅲ.
完形填空
(2021·济南模拟)
I
was
walking
my
dog
Snoopy
one
evening
while
the
last
light
of
the
setting
sun
__1__
the
clouds
purple
and
pink.
I
looked
up
at
the
sky
and
smiled.
After
a
minute
Snoopy
started
__2__
at
her
leash.
She
was
more
than
ready
to
head
inside
for
a
bowl
of
dog
food
and
a
bacon
__3__.
I
wasn’t
quite
ready
to
go
in,
however,
so
I
__4__
her.
I
was
waiting
for
my
friends
the
Little
Blinkers
to
appear.
?
It
wasn’t
long
either
__5__
I
saw
them
switching
their
lights
on
and
off.
They
were
fireflies,
of
course,
also
known
as
lightning
bugs.
Over
all
the
years
that
I
have
lived
here
they
have
never
failed
to
appear
at
this
time
during
the
summer.
They
have
never
failed
to
__6__
me.
They
have
never
failed
to
make
the
world
a
little
brighter.
It
has
always
been
such
a
__7__
too
knowing
that
such
wonderful
creatures
can
shine
their
own
light
and
make
the
__8__
meadows
look
like
the
starry
skies
above.
They
make
me
want
to
share
my
own
light
as
well,
even
if
it
isn’t
that
bright
and
even
if
it
does
__9__
to
blink
now
and
then.
?
Robert
Fulghum
wrote,
“I
know
some
people
who
__10__
a
lot
of
light.
Because
they
have
absorbed
a
lot
of
light
themselves.
They
shine.
”
I
don’t
know
how
much
light
I
have
__11__
the
years,
but
I
do
know
that
I
won’t
keep
it
__12__
under
a
basket.
I
will
shine
it.
I
will
share
it.
I
will
use
it
to
__13__
as
much
goodness,
love,
joy,
and
wisdom
into
this
world
as
I
possibly
can.
?
May
you
always
__14__
your
light
as
brightly
as
you
can.
May
you
always
share
it
with
others
as
well.
Remember
that
you
are
not
asked
to
__15__
the
whole
world
up.
What
you
need
to
do
is
just
to
make
your
little
corner
of
it
a
bit
brighter.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。一天晚上作者出去遛狗,
夜空下看到一闪一闪的萤火虫,
联想到人也应该跟萤火虫一样,
为他人、为世界散发自己的光芒。
1.
A.
printed B.
dyed C.
colored
D.
pictured
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
一天晚上,
我在遛我的狗史努比的时候,
夕阳的余晖把云渲染成了紫色和粉红色。printed打印,
印刷;
dyed
用(颜料等)给……染色;
colored
渲染,
染色;
pictured绘画,
描写。根据空格后“the
clouds
purple
and
pink”可知,
句中形象地比喻夕阳照耀云朵,
就像给它渲染了(colored)颜色一样。
2.
A.
pushing
B.
pulling
C.
dragging
D.
waving
【解析】选B。考查动名词词义辨析。句意:
过了一会儿,
史努比开始拉她的皮带。
pushing压,
推;
pulling拉;
dragging拖;
waving挥手。根据下一句提到史努比迫不及待想吃食物可知,
史努比开始拉(pulling)她的皮带进屋去找食物。
3.
A.
food
B.
thing
C.
treat
D.
feast
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
她迫不及待进屋去吃一碗狗粮和熏肉零食。
food食物;
thing事情,
东西;
treat款待,
小零食;
feast盛宴。分析语境可知,
史努比想要吃食物和熏肉,
此处的熏肉是小零食(treat)。
4.
A.
comforted
B.
approved
C.
pleased
D.
blamed
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
不过,
我还没准备好进去,
所以我安慰了她。
comforted安慰;
approved赞成,
批准;
pleased使高兴;
blamed责备。文中的“我”自己还没有准备好,
所以安慰(comforted)史努比,
让它别着急。
5.
A.
unless
B.
before
C.
when
D.
once
【解析】选B。考查连词词义辨析。句意:
也没过多久,
我就看到它们一闪一闪的发光。unless除非;
before在……以前;
when当……时候;
once曾经。根据上文可知,
文中的我傍晚带史努比出去,
过了不多会儿(it
wasn’t
long
before.
.
.
),
天黑了,
我看到了萤火虫发光。
6.
A.
delight
B.
disappoint
C.
satisfy
D.
touch
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
它们总是让我高兴。delight
使高兴,
取悦;
disappoint使失望;
satisfy使满足;
touch接触,
感动。根据下一句“They
have
never
failed
to
make
the
world
a
little
brighter(它们总是能让世界变得更加光明)”可知,
萤火虫发光照亮黑暗,
使人高兴(delight)。
7.
A.
chance
B.
surprise
C.
curiosity
D.
joy
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
如此奇妙的生物能发出自己的光芒,
使黑暗的草地看起来像繁星点点的天空,
这一直是一件令人愉快的事。
chance机会;
surprise惊讶;
curiosity好奇;
joy愉快,
欣喜。根据语境,
作者感动于小萤火虫发光照亮黑暗,
认为这是一件令人愉快(joy)的事情。
8.
A.
green
B.
ordinary
C.
vast
D.
dark
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
如此奇妙的生物能发出自己的光芒,
使黑暗的草地看起来像繁星点点的天空,
这一直是一件令人欣喜的事。green绿色的;
ordinary普通的;
vast辽阔的;
dark黑暗的。根据上文可知,
文中我晚上出去遛狗,
夜空下草地是黑暗的(dark)。
9.
A.
intend
B.
plan
C.
tend
D.
manage
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
它们也使我想分享自己的光,
即使它不是那么亮,
即使它往往也会眨一眨。intend打算;
plan计划;
tend往往,
趋向;
manage管理。根据语境,
形象地比喻自己的光往往(tend)不是很亮,
就像萤火虫的光一样。
10.
A.
give
out
B.
give
off
C.
give
away
D.
give
in
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
罗伯特·富尔格姆写道:
“我认识一些人,
他们会释放很多光芒。”
give
out散发;
give
off释放;
give
away放弃;
give
in屈服。分析语境可知,
作者由萤火虫在黑暗中发光,
联想到了人,
形象地比喻有些人默默为他人提供帮助,
释放(give
off)自己的光芒。
11.
A.
absorbed
B.
appealed
C.
applied
D.
collected
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
我不知道这些年我吸收了多少光,
但我知道我不会把它藏在篮子里。absorbed吸收;
appealed上诉,
申诉;
applied申请,
应用;
collected收集。分析语境可知,
文中的我由萤火虫在黑暗中发光,
联想到自己接受别人的很多帮助,
就像吸收(absorbed)了别人的光芒一样,
且上文的they
have
absorbed
a
lot
of
light
themselves也有暗示。
12.
A.
stayed
B.
remained
C.
changed
D.
hidden
【解析】选D。考查过去分词词义辨析。句意:
我不知道这些年我吸收了多少光,
但我知道我不会把它藏在篮子里。stayed停留;
remained保持;
changed改变;
hidden隐藏的。根据上一段中“They
make
me
want
to
share
my
own
light(它们使我想分享自己的光)”可知,
文中的我不想隐藏(hidden),
而是想分享自己的光芒。
13.
A.
cause
B.
appear
C.
bring
D.
require
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。
句意:
我会用它尽我所能把善良、爱、欢乐和智慧带给这个世界。cause引起;
appear出现;
bring带来;
require需要。根据语境,
萤火虫发光给黑暗带来了一丝光明,
文中的我联想到自己,
形象地表达自己也要像萤火虫一样,
给世界带来(bring)善良、爱、欢乐和智慧。
14.
A.
hold
B.
shine
C.
spread
D.
offer
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
愿你一直尽你所能闪耀光芒。
hold抓住;
shine发光,
照亮;
spread传播,
散布;
offer主动提出,
报价。根据第三段中“I
will
shine
it.
I
will
share
it.
(我会让它发光,
我会分享它)”可知,
此处要表达“发光(shine)”。
15.
A.
build
B.
deepen
C.
light
D.
brighten
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
记住,
你不是被要求去照亮整个世界的。build建造;
deepen加深;
light点亮;
brighten照亮。
根据下一句“What
you
need
to
do
is
just
to
make
your
little
corner
of
it
a
bit
brighter(你需要做的只是让你的小角落更明亮一点)”,
可知,
句意表达的是,
你不是被要求照亮(brighten)整个世界。
Ⅳ.
语法填空
(2021·南宁模拟)
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While
much
attention
is
paid
to
the
outside
of
a
bag—its
design,
brand
and,
unavoidably,
its
price
tag,
most
people
tend
1.
__________(ignore)
the
rich
and
complex
internal
life
hidden
in
it.
?
When
a
woman
2.
__________(step)
out
in
the
1740s,
on
a
regular
basis,
her
private
3.
__________(belong)
would
have
included
a
watch,
money,
jewelry
and
perhaps
some
food.
These
are
4.
__________
she
chose
to
take
out.
By
the
1860s,
she
may
have
included
scissors,
a
purse,
and
a
magnifying
glass.
She
would
have
worn
these
in
the
form
of
a
chatelaine—a
series
of
small
purses
5.
__________
(attach)
to
the
waist.
What
many
women
carry
in
their
bags
some
three
centuries
later
is
6.
__________(remarkable)
unchanged.
One
friend
lists
the
contents:
a
book,
a
phone,
cosmetics,
keys,
etc.
?
“The
content
is
so
important,
”
says
Lucia
Savi,
a
bag
designer,
“Hand
bags
had
to
be
at
least
bigger
than
7.
__________
$5
note,
as
bank
notes
came
in,
”Now
we
carry
phones
wherever
we
go,
so
it
is
time
that
phones
8.
__________(determine)
design.
More
surprisingly,
no
matter
how
ordinary
the
bag
looks,
9.
__________
can
communicate
something
about
the
owner.
So
what
your
bag
can
convey
10.
__________(be)
your
status,
or
your
belief.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。虽然很多人的注意力都集中在包的外部——它的设计、品牌,
以及不可避免的价格标签,
但大多数人往往忽略了包包隐藏的丰富而复杂的内部。文章介绍了时尚女性包袋中物品的变化,
表示无论包包看上去多么普通,
它都能传达出主人的一些信息。所以你的包能传达的是你的地位,
或你的信仰。
1.
【解析】to
ignore。考查非谓语动词。根据短语tend
to
do
sth.
表示“倾向于,
往往会”。故填to
ignore。
2.
【解析】stepped。考查动词时态。根据后文in
the
1740s可知此处描述过去发生的事情,
应用一般过去时。故填stepped。
3.
【解析】belongings。考查名词。根据上文her
private可知应填名词belonging,
且belonging为可数名词,
前面没有冠词,
表示“所有物”应用复数形式。故填belongings。
4.
【解析】what。考查连接词。此处为表语从句,
从句中缺少宾语,
指代物品应用what引导。故填what。
5.
【解析】attached。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知attach在句中应用非谓语动词形式,
与逻辑主语purses构成被动关系,
故用过去分词。故填attached。
6.
【解析】remarkably。考查副词。修饰后文形容词unchanged应用副词remarkably,
表示“明显地”。故填remarkably。
7.
【解析】a。考查冠词。note为可数名词,
此处表示泛指应用不定冠词,
且$5为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
8.
【解析】determined/should
determine。考查虚拟语气。在It’s
(high)
time
that后的句子中要用虚拟语气,
用一般过去时,
也可用“should+动词原形”。故填determined/should
determine。
9.
【解析】it。考查代词。句意:
更令人惊讶的是,
无论包包看上去多么普通,
它都能传达出主人的一些信息。此处指代上文中的the
bag,
应用代词it。故填it。
10.
【解析】is。考查主谓一致。本句陈述客观事实用一般现在时,
且主语为what
your
bag
can
convey,
故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
【点睛】当分词作状语的时候,
如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系,
就使用现在分词作状语;
当二者构成被动关系,
使用过去分词作状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,
就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系,
可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。
如第5小题,
分析句子结构可知attach在句中应用非谓语动词形式,
与逻辑主语purses构成被动关系,
故用过去分词。故填attached。
Ⅴ.
书面表达
假定你是李华,
你们学校的英国交换生Jeff准备参加“外国人讲中国成语(idiom)故事”比赛,
他发邮件请你给予辅导。请你回复邮件,
内容包括:
1.
答应帮助;
2.
提出建议;
3.
询问辅导时间与地点。
注意:
1.
词数80左右;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯。
Dear
Jeff,
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
【参考范文】
Dear
Jeff,
I
am
writing
to
reply
to
your
email
regarding
the
Chinese
idiom
story
competition
you
are
going
to
participate
in.
It
would
be
my
great
pleasure
to
help
you
prepare
for
the
contest.
I
would
like
to
offer
some
suggestions
before
we
meet.
Firstly,
as
there
are
a
great
number
of
idioms
to
choose
from,
I
recommend
the
most
commonly
used
ones
that
come
from
interesting
stories.
Additionally,
many
idioms
are
rooted
in
ancient
myths
or
historical
facts.
Thus,
I
advise
fully
researching
their
meanings
and
origins
to
gain
an
instructive
and
fascinating
insight
into
the
cultural
history
of
China.
In
this
way,
your
storytelling
will
be
highly
impressive
and
appealing.
I
hope
the
suggestions
above
can
be
of
some
help
to
you.
Could
you
please
tell
me
when
and
where
you
would
like
to
meet?
I
look
forward
to
further
discussion
with
you.
Yours,
Li
Hua(共52张PPT)
课时提升作业
二十七 选修6
Unit
2 Poems
(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2021·长沙模拟)
New
Books
Just
Waiting
for
You!
Saving
Nia
Author:
G.
B.
Jones
Hardback:
$34.
99
Paperback:
$23.
99
E-book
at
www.
authorhouse.
com:
$3.
99
This
book
is
based
on
a
girl’s
true
story.
Separated
from
her
happy
home
and
placed
with
drug-addicted
relatives,
Nia
sinks
into
a
depression
and
attempts
to
set
herself
on
fire.
The
love
of
another
child
lights
up
her
darkness
and
brings
her
out!
An
Insider’s
History
of
the
Swingin’
Medallions
Author:
Carrol
Blessoe
Hardback:
$29.
99
Paperback:
$21.
99
E-book
at
www.
xlibris.
com
:
$3.
99
This
book
records
the
story
of
eight
young
guys,
the
Swingin’
Medallions,
born
in
a
small
town
in
America,
who
become
a
national
sense
in
the
music
world.
Road
to
Freedom—My
Life
and
Journey
from
a
3rd
World
Country
Author:
Edward
A.
Nieto
Hardback:
$27.
99
Paperback:
$19.
99
E-book
at
www.
xlibris.
com
:
$3.
99
This
book
details
Edward
A.
Nieto’s
life
and
journey.
It
also
includes
his
struggles
with
violence,
corruption
and
the
politics
of
living
in
a
third
world
country.
The
Mister
Author:
E.
L.
James
Hardback:
$51.
99
Paperback:
$41.
99
E-book
at
www.
xlibris.
com
:
$3.
99
This
is
a
new
romantic
story.
Life
has
been
easy
for
Maxim
Trevelyan.
But
all
that
changes
when
he
meets
an
unexpected,
young
woman
who’s
recently
arrived
in
England.
After
some
awkward
moments
and
dramatic
incidents,
he
finally
wins
the
lady’s
heart.
1.
Who
writes
about
Nia?
A.
G.
B.
Jones.
B.
Carrol
Blessoe.
C.
Edward
A.
Nieto.
D.
E.
L.
James.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一部分“Saving
Nia
Author:
G.
B.
Jones”可知,
G.
B.
Jones的书写的是关于Nia的故事。故选A项。
2.
What
can
we
know
about
the
book
An
Insider’s
History
of
the
Swingin’
Medallions?
A.
It
tells
a
story
of
adventure.
B.
It’s
a
romantic
story.
C.
It
tells
the
story
of
some
young
musicians.
D.
It’s
about
Edward
A.
Nieto’s
struggling
life.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二部分“This
book
records
the
story
of
eight
young
guys,
the
Swingin’
Medallions,
born
in
a
small
town
in
America,
who
become
a
national
sense
in
the
music
world.
”
这本书记录了八个年轻人的故事。他们成为了音乐界的一个流派。可知它讲述了一些年轻音乐家的故事。故选C项。
3.
Which
book
with
a
paperback
is
in
the
lowest
price?
A.
Saving
Nia.
B.
The
Mister.
C.
An
Insider’s
History
of
the
Swingin’
Medallions.
D.
Road
to
Freedom—My
Life
and
Journey
from
a
3rd
World
Country.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。比较四本书的价格,
Road
to
Freedom—My
Life
and
Journey
from
a
3rd
World
Country.
的价格为19.
99美元,
最低,
故选D项。
【知识拓展】
培根曾就读书说过这么一句话:
Some
books
are
to
be
tasted,
others
to
be
swallowed,
and
some
few
to
be
chewed
and
digested;
that
is,
some
books
are
to
be
read
only
in
parts;
others
to
be
read,
but
not
curiously;
and
some
few
to
be
read
wholly,
and
with
diligence
and
attention.
书有可浅尝者,
有可吞食者,
少数则需咀嚼消化。换言之,
有只需读其部分者,
有只需大体涉猎者,
少数则需全读,
读时需全神贯注,
孜孜不倦。
B
(2021·天津模拟)
Spending
over
a
year
in
the
bleak
(荒凉的)
Antarctica
might
change
your
brain
for
the
worse,
according
to
new
research
out
this
month.
It
seems
to
show
that
polar
explorers
who
lived
for
14
months
at
an
Antarctica
research
station
experienced
brain
shrinkage,
likely
as
a
result
of
their
loneliness
and
boredom.
The
study’s
authors
used
MRI
(核磁共振)
to
scan
the
brains
of
eight
members
of
a
team
before
they
began
a
long
stay
at
the
German-run
research
station.
During
their
mission,
the
team
periodically
took
tests
of
their
cognition
and
memory
and
provided
blood
samples
that
allowed
the
study
authors
to
measure
their
levels
of
a
protein
important
for
brain
health
called
brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor
(BDNF).
When
they
returned,
they
had
their
brains
scanned
again.
Finally,
compared
to
themselves
before
the
mission,
the
explorers’
brains
appeared
to
have
less
grey
matter
on
average.
The
shrinkage
was
most
apparent
in
the
hippocampus,
in
area
of
the
brain
key
to
memory
and
cognition.
Their
average
levels
of
BDNF
also
dropped
during
the
trip
and
didn’t
improve
significantly
even
after
one-and-a-half
months
back
home.
The
study’s
findings,
published
in
The
New
England
Journal
of
Medicine,
aren’t
the
first
to
suggest
that
long
time
of
being
separated
can
change
the
brain.
But
practically
all
of
this
work
has
involved
animals,
according
to
the
researchers.
Of
course,
an
eight-person
study
is
small,
so
any
of
its
conclusions
should
be
taken
with
caution.
Lead
author
Alexander
C.
Stahn,
now
a
researcher
at
the
Perelman
School
of
Medicine
at
the
University
of
Pennsylvania,
said
that
the
effects
on
the
hippocampus
are
likely
temporary,
provided
the
scientists
returned
back
to
a
life
filled
with
social
interaction
and
interesting
things
to
see.
Still,
since
people
will
continue
traveling
to
and
from
Antarctica
for
long
periods
of
time,
the
findings
are
definitely
worth
keeping
in
mind
and
exploring
further.
They
might
even
prove
relevant
for
the
rare
few
people
who
might
travel
as
far
as
Mars
in
the
future
—
perhaps
the
only
similarly
scientific,
months-long
mission
that
would
be
even
more
lonely.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有研究表明,
在一个孤独的地方待很长时间会对大脑造成损害。介绍了这项研究的过程、相关研究人员对此的看法和这一发现的重要性。
4.
What
will
do
damage
to
the
brain
according
to
the
first
paragraph?
A.
Doing
research
in
brain
shrinkage.
B.
Traveling
to
the
Antarctica.
C.
Working
as
a
researcher
in
a
station.
D.
Being
in
a
lonely
place
for
a
long
time.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段Spending
over
a
year
in
the
bleak
Antarctica
might
change
your
brain
for
the
worse,
according
to
new
research
out
this
month.
It
seems
to
show
that
polar
explorers
who
lived
for
14
months
at
an
Antarctica
research
station
experienced
brain
shrinkage,
likely
as
a
result
of
their
loneliness
and
boredom.
可知,
根据本月公布的一项新研究,
在荒凉的南极洲度过一年多可能会让你的大脑变得更糟。这似乎表明,
在南极研究站生活了14个月的极地探险家的大脑出现了萎缩,
可能是由于他们的孤独和无聊。由此可知,
在一个孤独的地方待很长时间会对大脑造成损害。故选D。
5.
How
did
the
scientists
get
the
conclusion?
A.
By
comparing
the
scanned
results.
B.
By
studying
the
previous
figures.
C.
By
making
a
long-term
program.
D.
By
scanning
the
participants’
brains.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段The
study’s
authors
used
MRI
to
scan
the
brains
of
eight
members
of
a
team
before
they
began
a
long
stay
at
the
German-
run
research
station.
During
their
mission,
the
team
periodically
took
tests
of
their
cognition
and
memory
and
provided
blood
samples
that
allowed
the
study
authors
to
measure
their
levels
of
a
protein
important
for
brain
health
called
brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor
(BDNF).
When
they
returned,
they
had
their
brains
scanned
again.
(该研究的作者在一个团队的8名成员开始在德国运营的研究站长期停留
之前,
使用核磁共振成像扫描了他们的大脑。在他们执行任务的过程中,
团队成
员定期进行认知和记忆测试,
并提供血样,
使研究作者能够测量他们的一种叫脑
源性神经营养因子的蛋白质水平,
这种蛋白质对大脑健康很重要。当他们返回时,
再次对他们的大脑进行扫描)以及第三段Finally,
compared
to
themselves
before
the
mission,
the
explorers’
brains
appeared
to
have
less
grey
matter
on
average.
The
shrinkage
was
most
apparent
in
the
hippocampus,
in
area
of
the
brain
key
to
memory
and
cognition.
Their
average
levels
of
BDNF
also
dropped
during
the
trip
and
didn’t
improve
significantly
even
after
one-and-a-half
months
back
home.
可知,
最后,
与执行任务前相比,
探险者的大脑平均灰质较少。海马的萎缩最为明显,
主要是大脑中记忆和认知的关键区域。他们的平均BDNF水平在旅途中也有所下降,
即使在回家一个半月后也没有明显改善。由此可知,
科学家通过比较扫描结果得出结论。故选A。
6.
What
can
we
infer
about
the
explorers
when
they
returned?
A.
They
were
no
longer
used
to
the
civilized
world.
B.
They
had
some
difficulty
in
remembering
things.
C.
They
became
normal
after
one-and-a-half
months.
D.
They
published
their
findings
in
a
medical
magazine.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段中Finally,
compared
to
themselves
before
the
mission,
the
explorers’
brains
appeared
to
have
less
grey
matter
on
average.
The
shrinkage
was
most
apparent
in
the
hippocampus,
in
area
of
the
brain
key
to
memory
and
cognition.
可知,
最后,
与执行任务前相比,
探险家的大脑平均灰质较少。海马的萎缩最为明显,
主要是大脑中记忆和认知的关键区域。由此可推知,
当探险家返回时,
他们在记忆方面有些困难。故选B。
7.
What
is
the
last
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.
The
importance
of
the
findings.
B.
The
disadvantage
of
the
findings.
C.
The
future
development
of
the
space.
D.
The
possibility
of
travelling
to
Mars.
【解析】选A。段落大意题。根据最后一段Still,
since
people
will
continue
traveling
to
and
from
Antarctica
for
long
periods
of
time,
the
findings
are
definitely
worth
keeping
in
mind
and
exploring
further.
They
might
even
prove
relevant
for
the
rare
few
people
who
might
travel
as
far
as
Mars
in
the
future
—
perhaps
the
only
similarly
scientific,
months-long
mission
that
would
be
even
more
lonely.
可知,
尽管如此,
由于人们将在很长一段时间内继续往返于南极洲之间,
这些发现绝对值得我们牢记在心,
值得进行进一步探索。它们甚至可能会被证明与未来可能远行到火星的极少数人有关——也许只有类似的科学性、长达数月的任务才会更加孤独。由此可知,
最后一段主要讲了这些发现的重要性。故选A。
【知识拓展】
长难句分析
During
their
mission,
the
team
periodically
took
tests
of
their
cognition
and
memory
and
provided
blood
samples
that
allowed
the
study
authors
to
measure
their
levels
of
a
protein
important
for
brain
health
called
brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor
(BDNF).
分析:
该句是复合句。
“that
allowed
the
study
authors
to
measure
their
levels
of
a
protein”作定语,
修饰先行词samples,
后面的important
for
brain
health
called
brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor
(BDNF)作后置定语,
修饰前面的a
protein。
翻译:
在他们执行任务的过程中,
团队成员定期进行认知和记忆测试,
并提供血样,
使研究作者能够测量他们的一种叫脑源性神经营养因子的蛋白质水平,
这种蛋白质对大脑健康很重要。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
On
November
18,
1995,
Itzhak
Perlman,
the
violinist
came
on
stage
to
give
a
concert.
Getting
on
stage
is
__1__
small
achievement
for
him.
He
was
struggled
with
polio
(小儿麻痹症)
as
a
child,
so
he
walked
with
the
__2__
of
two
crutches
(拐杖).
?
The
audience
sat
quietly
while
he
__3__
his
way
across
the
stage
to
his
chair
and
began
his
play.
But
this
time,
something
went
wrong.
Just
as
he
finished
the
first
few
bars,
one
of
the
strings
on
his
violin
__4__.
We
thought
he
would
have
to
stop
the
__5__.
But
he
didn’t.
Instead,
he
waited
a
moment,
closed
his
eyes
and
then
__6__
the
conductor
to
begin
again.
?
The
orchestra
began
and
he
played
with
such
passion
__7__
they
had
never
heard
before.
?
Of
course,
anyone
knows
that
it
is
__8__
to
play
a
harmonious
work
with
just
three
strings.
But
that
night,
he
__9__
to
know
that.
When
he
finished,
there
was
an
awesome
silence
in
the
room.
And
then
people
rose
and
__10__.
There
was
an
extraordinary
outburst
of
applause
from
every
corner
of
the
hall.
He
smiled
and
then
said,
“You
know,
sometimes
it
is
the
artist’s
task
to
find
out
how
much
__11__
you
can
still
make
with
what
you
have
left.
”?
This
powerful
line
has
__12__
in
my
mind
ever
since.
Perhaps
this
is
the
__13__
of
life—not
just
for
artists
but
for
all
of
us.
So
our
task
in
this
fast-changing
world
is
to
make
music,
__14__
with
all
that
we
have,
and
then
__15__
there
is
no
longer
possible,
to
make
music
with
what
we
have
left.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了小提琴家伊扎克·帕尔曼举办了一场音乐会,
但是在演出时出了点意外。一根琴弦断了。这时他不但没有停止反而用前所未有的激情、力量和纯洁的内心演奏着,
演奏结束时,
观众席爆发出热烈的掌声。他让我们明白了我们要学会在这个动荡多变、充满迷惑的世界里演奏音乐,
也许开始的时候倾尽所有来演奏,
当有些东西不再拥有的时候,
就用我们所剩下的来演奏音乐。
1.
A.
almost
B.
much C.
no D.
too
【解析】选C。almost几乎;
much很;
no不;
too太。根据后文可知他患有小儿麻痹症,
因此能走上舞台对他来说也是一个不小的成就。故选C。
2.
A.
aid
B.
direction
C.
guide
D.
instruction
【解析】选A。
aid援助;
direction指导;
guide引导,
指南;
instruction指令。由于患有小儿麻痹症,
因此他需要借助两根拐杖走路。with
the
aid
of“在……的帮助下”,
故选A。
3.
A.
made
B.
worked
C.
lost
D.
found
【解析】选A。
make制作;
work工作;
lose丢失;
find发现。句意:
当他穿过舞台走到他的椅子开始演奏时。make
one’s
way“前进”。故选A。
4.
A.
twisted
B.
broke
C.
bent
D.
lost
【解析】选B。twist扭曲;
break断掉;
bend弯曲;
lose丢失。根据上文something
went
wrong可知他小提琴的一根琴弦断了。故选B。
5.
A.
piece
B.
career
C.
tour
D.
concert
【解析】选D。
piece块;
career事业;
tour旅游;
concert音乐会。琴弦断了,
我们以为他不得不停止音乐会。故选D。
6.
A.
ordered
B.
signaled
C.
waved
D.
told
【解析】选B。
order命令;
signal发信号,
示意;
wave挥动;
tell告诉。根据上文可知他此时是在台上表演,
因此只能是示意指挥再次开始。故选B。
7.
A.
as
B.
that
C.
which
D.
what
【解析】选A。句意:
管弦乐队开始演奏,
他演奏的激情是他们从未听过的。本句为定语从句,
先行词由such修饰时,
关系代词用as,
故选A。
8.
A.
impossible
B.
probable
C.
hopeless
D.
improper
【解析】选A。
impossible不可能的;
probable可能;
hopeless绝望的;
improper不正确的。只用三根弦弹奏出一段和谐的作品是不可能的,
故选A。
9.
A.
tried
B.
agreed
C.
decided
D.
refused
【解析】选D。try尝试;
agree同意;
decide决定;
refuse拒绝。句意:
但是在那晚,
他拒绝去理会那个事实。refuse
to
do
sth.
“拒绝做某事”。故选D。
10.
A.
cried
B.
shouted
C.
jumped
D.
cheered
【解析】选D。
cry哭泣;
shout呼喊;
jump跳跃;
cheer欢呼。句意:
然后人们都起立欢呼。故选D。
11.
A.
money
B.
difference
C.
music
D.
fame
【解析】选C。
money钱;
difference不同;
music音乐;
fame名声。句意:
你知道,
有时候艺术家的任务是找出你能用剩下的东西创作出多少音乐。故选C。
12.
A.
stayed
B.
kept
C.
planted
D.
wondered
【解析】选A。
stay停留;
keep保持;
plant种植;
wonder想知道。句意:
从那以后,
这句有力的话一直留在我的脑海里。故选A。
13.
A.
secret
B.
definition
C.
sense
D.
purpose
【解析】选B。
secret秘密;
definition定义;
sense感觉;
purpose目的。句意:
也许这就是对生命的定义——不仅仅是对艺术家,
而是对我们所有人。故选B。
14.
A.
above
all
B.
at
length
C.
at
last
D.
at
first
【解析】选D。above
all尤其是;
at
length详细地;
at
last最后;
at
first首先。句意:
因此,
在这个瞬息万变的世界里,
我们的任务是首先用我们所有的一切创造音乐。故选D。
15.
A.
while
B.
where
C.
when
D.
whether
【解析】选C。句意:
然后当不再可能的时候,
用我们所剩下的去创造音乐。本句为时间状语从句,
表示“当……时候”。故选C。
Ⅲ.
语法填空
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing’s
new
Daxing
International
Airport
is
1.
__________(official)
open
for
business.
?
It’s
absolutely
massive,
2.
__________(cover)
the
size
of
approximately
140
football
fields—the
terminal
building(候机楼)
alone
is
700,
000
square
metres.
The
eye-catching
airport
terminal
actually
looks
a
little
like
something
out
of
a
sci-fi
film
with
3.
__________(it)
spider-like
shape.
?
Passengers
can
find
the
restaurants,
shops
and
airport
security
in
the
central
part
of
the
airport,
while
each
“arm”
of
the
airport
will
lead
4.
__________
the
boarding
gates
and
the
eight
runways.
?
The
inside
parts
of
it
5.
__________(be)
just
as
impressive
as
the
airport’s
unexpected
shape,
with
high
ceilings
and
swirling-type(漩涡型)
architectural
features
throughout.
?
It
6.
__________(estimate)
that
the
airport
will
be
hosting
72
million
passengers
annually
by
2025,
7.
__________
in
fact
it’s
been
designed
8.
__________(hold)
nearly
100
million
passengers,
so
there
are
plenty
of
opportunities
of
expansion
down
the
line.
The
airport’s
main
construction
includes
extra
features
such
as
air
traffic
control
9.
__________(facility)
and
a
high-speed
railway.
?
The
huge
airport
is
being
integrated
into
the
city’s
existing
transport
links
through
a
series
of
expressways
to
help
make
passengers’
journeys
a
little
easier
too.
It
is
10.
__________
world’s
largest
integrated
transportation
center.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章从各个方面介绍了北京新大兴国际机场。
1.
【解析】officially。考查副词。设空处所给词是修饰动词open,
副词用来修饰动词。故填officially。
2.
【解析】covering。考查非谓语动词。句意:
它绝对是巨大的,
占地约140个足球场那么大,
光是候机楼就有70万平方米。分析句式,
设空处作句子的状语,
其逻辑主语是it(机场),
与cover之间是主动关系,
因此用现在分词作状语。故填covering。
3.
【解析】its。考查代词。此处是修饰后面的名词shape,
因此要用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
4.
【解析】to。考查固定搭配。lead
to是固定短语,
表示“通向”。故填to。
5.
【解析】are。考查系动词。分析句式,
本句为主系表结构,
结合语境,
介绍一个事物用一般现在时,
主语是parts,
复数形式,
因此,
be动词用are。故填are。
6.
【解析】is
estimated。考查语态。主语是It,
与estimate之间是被动关系。用be
done,
结合语境,
介绍机场用一般现在时,
因此填is
estimated。
7.
【解析】but。考查连词。句意:
据估计,
到2025年,
该机场每年将接待7
200万名乘客,
但事实上,
它的设计容量将近1亿名乘客。根据句意可知,
前后两句之间是转折关系,
用but连接。故填but。
8.
【解析】to
hold。考查非谓语动词。根据句意并分析句式可知,
此处是作目的状语,
用不定式形式。故填to
hold。
9.
【解析】facilities。考查名词。句意:
机场主要建筑包括空中交通管制设施和高速铁路等额外设施。facility是可数名词,
结合句意可知,
不仅有一种设施。因此,
用其复数形式。故填facilities。
10.
【解析】the。考查冠词。句意:
它是世界上最大的综合运输中心。根据后面的largest可知,
是最高级,
最高级前要用the修饰。故填the。
【知识拓展】
1.
It
is
estimated
that.
.
.
据估计……
2.
be
being
done
正在被
3.
The
huge
airport
is
being
integrated
into
the
city’s
existing
transport
links
through
a
series
of
expressways
to
help
make
passengers’
journeys
a
little
easier
too.
译文:
庞大的机场通过一系列高速公路被整合到城市现有
的交通运输中,
从而也使乘客的旅行变得更加轻松。(共39张PPT)
课时提升作业
二十六 选修6
Unit
1 Art
(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2021·桂林模拟)
Creating
art
or
engaging
in
artistic
efforts
has
numerous
benefits
for
young
people
—
from
fewer
disciplinary
infractions
to
better
academic
performance
and
increased
likelihood
of
struggling
for
post-secondary
education.
And
yet
students’
participation
in
arts
classes
varies
by
what
school
they
attend.
Higher-poverty
schools
in
King
County
have
lower
enrollment
in
arts
classes.
That’s
one
data
point
evident
in
a
new
dashboard
released
by
the
cultural
funding
agency
4Culture
and
the
state
superintendent’s
office.
It
shows
the
percentage
of
high
school
students
taking
different
kinds
of
arts
classes
in
individual
schools
within
King
County’s
19
school
districts.
It’s
intended
to
let
anyone
in
the
public
research
arts
classes
participation
and
compare
schools.
For
example,
more
than
two-thirds
of
students
at
Bellevue’s
International
School
took
a
music
class
compared
with
just
12
percent
at
Kent-Meridian
High
School
in
the
Kent
School
District
in
the
2018-19
school
year.
“We
strongly
believe
the
arts
can
make
for
a
happier,
healthier
education
in
every
single
way,
”
said
Charlie
Rathbun,
director
of
arts
programs
with
4Culture.
“So
we
will
be
looking
at
outcomes
around
the
dropout
rate,
discipline
rate,
graduation
rate,
things
like
that.
”
Overall,
the
dashboard
shows
higher
participation
in
visual
arts
and
music
classes
than
in
theater
or
dance.
“Dance,
for
example,
being
almost
non-existent
in
our
schools
—
we
have
to
ask
why
and
think
about
those
students
who
might
respond
quite
positively
to
dance,
”
Rathbun
said.
Alternative
schools
and
dropout
re-engagement
programs
have
very
low
participation
in
arts
classes.
Students
across
the
state
are
required
to
take
two
arts
courses
to
graduate.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。创造艺术或从事艺术活动对年轻人有很多好处——从较少的违纪行为到更好的学业表现,
再到努力接受高等教育的可能性增加。文章介绍了参与艺术课程的重要性及意义。
1.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“infractions”
in
Paragraph
1
most
probably
mean?
A.
Obedience.
B.
Offence.
C.
Sense.
D.
Authority.
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的前半部分Creating
art
or
engaging
in
artistic
efforts
has
numerous
benefits
for
young
people(创造艺术或从事艺术活动对年轻人有很多好处)及画线词后better
academic
performance
and
increased
likelihood
of
struggling
for
post-secondary
education.
(更好的学业表现,
再到努力接受高等教育的可能性增加)可推知,
更少的人违反纪律。由此推知,
画线词意为“违反”。
2.
Why
will
Charlie
Rathbun
be
looking
at
the
outcomes?
A.
To
know
about
students’
academic
performance.
B.
To
understand
the
reason
for
his
students’
dropout.
C.
To
prove
the
function
of
arts
education
at
school.
D.
To
encourage
students
to
take
dance,
not
other
arts.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。注意第四段文章前后的逻辑关系,
先说艺术有助于愉快而健康的教育,
所以Charlie
Rathbun看辍学率、违纪率、毕业率等就是为了证明学校艺术教育的作用。
3.
Which
can
best
describe
the
conclusion
Charlie
Rathbun
will
make
about
arts
participation?
A.
Reliable.
B.
One-sided.
C.
Personal.
D.
Abstract.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。阅读文章可知,
本文中Charlie
Rathbun关于艺术参与的结论是建立在实地调查和数据分析的基础上的,
所以是值得信赖的。
4.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Arts
Class
Participation
At
School:
Yes
Or
No
B.
New
Dashboard:
Participation
In
Arts
Classes
C.
New
Dashboard
For
King
County
High
Schools
D.
Low
Participation
In
Arts
Classes
At
High
School
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。全文主要讲可视化数据图表显示的
King
County
中学学生参与艺术课程的情况。C项太广泛,
没有给出关键信息。B项符合题意。
【知识拓展】
词汇积累
1.
engage
in
加入
2.
struggle
for
为……努力
3.
participation
参与
4.
enrollment
登记,
签到
5.
alternative
可选择的,
可供选择的
6.
dropout
辍学
句式积累
We
strongly
believe
that.
.
.
我们坚信……
B
(2021·邯郸模拟)
Constructed
in
the
third
century
BC,
the
Terracotta
Army
is
a
collection
of
clay
sculptures
presenting
the
forces
of
the
First
Emperor
of
China—Qin
Shi
Huang.
The
figures
include
more
than
8,
000
soldiers,
130
chariots
with
520
horses.
Their
varying
clothes,
facial
features
and
body
types
have
long
impressed
people.
But
historian
Dan
Snow
says,
“The
amazing
realism
increases
the
great
mystery
surrounding
these
terracotta
figures.
Where
do
they
come
from?
They
are
nothing
like
any
figure
made
in
China
before
them,
and
something
changed.
Something
remarkable
happened
here
2,
200
years
ago.
”
Mr
Snow
explains
historians
have
long
believed
Ancient
China
remained
separated
from
the
rest
of
the
world.
But
the
Terracotta
Army
could
disprove
that
theory.
The
time
of
the
First
Emperor
was
around
220BC.
When,
on
the
eastern
edge
of
the
Eurasian(欧亚的)landmass,
was
the
Chinese
world
with
competing
mini-states
over
there.
Over
on
the
west
of
Eurasia,
the
Roman
Empire
started
to
expand
over
here
and
Greece
was
a
great
power.
“What’s
going
on
artistically
in
the
East
and
West
is
very
different
in
the
third
century
BC.
The
classic
Greek
art
is
easy
to
recognize,
with
the
absolute
high
watermark
of
artistic
expression,
beautiful,
metre-and-a-half
tall,
human
in
its
look.
But
in
the
Chinese
world,
you’ve
got
just
10cm
tall,
far
more
basic.
”
says
Mr
Snow.
He
continues,
“Then
something
changes,
in
fact,
everything
changes—there’s
a
revolution.
Suddenly,
in
220BC
you
get
the
Terracotta
Army
lightyears
ahead
of
what’s
gone
before.
It
starts
to
look
far
less
like
before
and
far
more
like
what’s
going
on
in
the
western
world,
both
life-size,
both
lifelike,
both
attempts
at
realism.
”
This
couldn’t
be
more
important,
because
it’s
always
been
assumed
that
China
developed
in
isolation(隔离).
But
if
that’s
not
the
case,
if
the
First
Emperor
of
China
imported
western
ideas
and
techniques
to
create
his
extraordinary
arts,
that
forces
us
to
completely
rewrite
the
history
books.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。历史学家长期以来一直认为,
古代中国与世界其他地区是隔绝的,
但兵马俑可以推翻这一理论。历史学家重新思考中国遥远的过去。
5.
What
confused
Dan
Snow
about
the
Terracotta
Army?
A.
Why
Qin
Shi
Huang
ordered
to
create
them.
B.
Who
instructed
ancient
people
to
create
them.
C.
Why
their
design
was
different
from
previous
time.
D.
What
kind
of
clothes
ancient
people
preferred
to
wear.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“令人惊叹的现实主义增加了围绕这些兵马俑的巨大谜团,
他们来自哪里?
他们和之前中国制造的任何人物都不一样,
有些东西变了。2
200年前,
这里发生了一件了不起的事情。”可知,
让Dan
Snow想不明白的就是秦始皇陵兵马俑为何风格突然发生了改变。
6.
What
do
most
historians
think
of
Ancient
China?
A.
It
was
closed
to
the
outside
world.
B.
Many
mini-states
coexisted
peacefully.
C.
Building
army
of
sculptures
was
very
common
then.
D.
It
built
a
good
relationship
with
the
rest
of
the
world.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段historians
have
long
believed
Ancient
China
remained
separated
from
the
rest
of
the
world可知,
历史学家们认为古代中国与外界是隔绝的。
7.
What
can
we
infer
about
the
clay
sculptures
in
Ancient
China
before
220BC?
A.
They
were
in
small
size.
B.
Their
styles
changed
greatly.
C.
Their
facial
expressions
seemed
real.
D.
They
looked
similar
to
the
Greek
ones.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段But
in
the
Chinese
world,
you’ve
got
just
10cm
tall
“但在中国人的世界里,
你只有10厘米高。”可知,
关于公元前220年以前的中国古代泥塑,
我们能推断出它们都很小。
8.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
The
Development
of
Chinese
Art
B.
Westerners
Found
in
Ancient
China
C.
The
Discovery
of
China’s
Terracotta
Army
D.
Historians
Reconsidering
the
Remote
Past
of
China
【解析】选D。标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是根据第二段“Mr
Snow
explains
historians
have
long
believed
Ancient
China
remained
separated
from
the
rest
of
the
world.
But
the
Terracotta
Army
could
disprove
that
theory.
历史学家长期以来一
直认为,
古代中国与世界其他地区是隔绝的,
但兵马俑可以推翻这一理论。”以
及最后一段“This
couldn’t
be
more
important,
because
it’s
always
been
assumed
that
China
developed
in
isolation.
But
if
that’s
not
the
case,
if
the
First
Emperor
of
China
imported
western
ideas
and
techniques
to
create
his
extraordinary
arts,
that
forces
us
to
completely
rewrite
the
history
books.
这再重要不过了,
因为人们总是
认为中国是孤立发展的。但事实并非如此,
如果中国的第一个皇帝引进西方的
思想和技术来创造他非凡的艺术,
那就迫使我们完全重写历史书。”可知,
短文的最佳标题为
D项Historians
Reconsidering
the
Remote
Past
of
China(历史学家重新审视中国遥远的过去)。
【知识拓展】
秦始皇陵兵马俑是世界八大奇迹之一。兵马俑从身份上区分,
主要有士兵与军吏两大类,
军吏又有低级、中级、高级之别。一般士兵不戴冠,
而军吏戴冠,
普通军吏的冠与将军的冠又不相同,
甚至铠甲也有区别。其中的兵俑包括步兵、骑兵、车兵三类。根据实战需要,
不同兵种的武士装备各异。
俑坑中最多的是武士俑,
大部分手执青铜兵器,
有弓、弩、箭镞、铍、矛、戈、殳、剑、弯刀和钺,
身穿甲片细密的铠甲,
胸前有彩线挽成的结穗。军吏头戴长冠,
数量比武将多。秦俑的脸型、身材、表情、眉毛、眼睛和年龄都有不同之处。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
阅读下面短文,
从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项
中有两项为多余选项。
Leonardo
da
Vinci
and
Nature
In
the
modern
world,
art
and
science
are
two
very
separate
activities,
but
in
Leonardo’s
time
they
were
closely
connected.
Science
meant
mathematics
and
medical
studies.
__1__
Mathematics
included
practical
work
like
surveying
land
for
making
maps
as
well
as
measuring
the
movements
of
the
stars
in
the
sky.
An
artist
might
need
to
measure
the
different
parts
of
the
body.
He
could
also
use
mathematics
to
place
things
in
relationship
to
each
other
in
a
drawing
or
painting
so
the
scene
looked
correct.
__2__
Mathematics
was
also
connected
to
music
because
musical
sounds
have
a
fixed
relationship
with
each
other
that
can
be
described
in
numbers.
__3__
More
than
this,
though,
Leonardo
believed
that
numbers
were
a
part
of
all
things
in
the
world,
including
music,
and
he
said
that
“without
them
nothing
can
be
done”.
?
“Nature
has
kindly
given
us
things
everywhere
to
copy,
”
wrote
Leonardo.
In
all
his
activities,
Leonardo
was
trying
to
discover
the
rules
that
control
nature.
In
his
search
for
those
rules,
he
looked
very
carefully
at
a
lot
of
examples
and
details.
Actual
experience
was
more
important
to
him
than
opinion,
and
he
worked
from
facts
to
ideas.
__4__
His
purpose
was
to
examine
the
world
so
he
could
copy
it
in
beautiful
paintings
and
sculptures.
He
also
wanted
to
learn
from
the
clever
solutions
of
nature.
?
__5__
His
quick
little
sketches
(素描),
often
done
while
wandering
outside,
helped
him
to
catch
a
movement
or
a
shape.
More
careful
drawings
would
be
done
at
a
desk
with
a
pen
and
ruler.
In
July
2001,
a
small
drawing
by
Leonardo
was
sold
for
$12
million.
It
was
the
most
expensive
drawing
in
the
world.
?
A.
Leonardo
was
always
drawing.
B.
How
could
these
be
connected
with
art?
C.
Leonardo’s
ideas
were
vastly
ahead
of
his
time.
D.
Mathematicians
and
doctors
worked
to
discover
the
unknown.
E.
Above
all,
Leonardo
wanted
to
understand
how
and
why
things
worked.
F.
You
will
see
a
good
example
of
such
positioning
in
the
painting
of
The
Last
Supper.
G.
Leonardo
himself
was
a
very
good
musician
and
liked
to
play
an
instrument
and
sing.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在现代世界,
艺术和科学是两个非常独立的活动,
但在达·芬奇的时代,
它们是紧密联系在一起的。文章主要介绍了Leonardo
da
Vinci对音乐和思想的见解。
1.
【解析】选B。
根据上文In
the
modern
world,
art
and
science
are
two
very
separate
activities,
but
in
Leonardo’s
time
they
were
closely
connected.
Science
meant
mathematics
and
medical
studies.
可知,
在现代世界,
艺术和科学是两个非常独立的活动,
但在达·芬奇的时代,
它们是紧密联系在一起的。科学意味着数学和医学研究。由此可知,
此处应是提出疑问——科学与艺术有什么联系。故B选项“这些与艺术有什么联系呢?
”符合上下文语境。故选B。
2.
【解析】选F。
根据上文He
could
also
use
mathematics
to
place
things
in
relationship
to
each
other
in
a
drawing
or
painting
so
the
scene
looked
correct.
可知,
他还可以用数学把事物之间的关系画在一幅画或油画中,
使场景看起来是正确的。由此可知,
本句应当承接上文说明他的哪一幅作品体现了用数学来表现事物之间的关系。故F选项“《最后的晚餐》是一个很好的例子,
你会在这幅画中看到这种定位”符合上下文语境。故选F。
3.
【解析】选G。
根据后文More
than
this,
though,
Leonardo
believed
that
numbers
were
a
part
of
all
things
in
the
world,
including
music,
and
he
said
that
“without
them
nothing
can
be
done.
”可知,
不仅如此,
Leonardo相信数字是世界上一切事物的一部分,
包括音乐。他说:
“没有数字,
什么也做不成。”由此可知,
Leonardo喜欢音乐,
他相信数字是世界上一切事物的一部分,
包括音乐。故G选项“Leonardo本人是一个非常好的音乐家,
喜欢演奏乐器和唱歌”符合上下文语境。故选G。
4.
【解析】选C。
根据上文Actual
experience
was
more
important
to
him
than
opinion,
and
he
worked
from
facts
to
ideas.
可知,
对他来说,
实际经验比观点更重要,
他从现实到思想进行工作。由此可知,
本句承接上文继续说明Leonardo的思想。上文中ideas可对应C选项中Leonardo’s
ideas。故C选项“Leonardo的思想远远超前于他的时代”符合上下文语境。故选C。
5.
【解析】选A。
根据后文His
quick
little
sketches,
often
done
while
wandering
outside,
helped
him
to
catch
a
movement
or
a
shape.
可知,
他经常在外面闲逛的时候画一些素描,
帮助他捕捉一个动作或一个形状。由此可知,
本段是在说明Leonardo日常喜欢绘画的情况。故A选项“Leonardo总是在画画”符合上下文语境。故选A。
【知识拓展】
达·芬奇晚年被法兰西国王弗朗索瓦一世邀入法国,
弗朗索瓦一世给予了他至高的接待,
将其安置于昂布瓦斯城堡中的克鲁克斯庄园,
并时不时地去请教。1519年5月2日,
年事已高的达·芬奇因病逝世了,
据说他是在赶来的弗朗索瓦一世怀中咽下了最后一口气。他最钟爱的学生弗朗西斯科·梅尔兹(达·芬奇临终前将所有绘画作品和大量手稿都托付给了他)说:
“达·芬奇的死,
对每一个人都是损失,
造物主无力再造出一个像他这样的天才了。”
达·芬奇墓
“上天有时将美丽、优雅、才能赋予一人之身,
令他之所为无不超群绝伦,
显出他的天才来自上苍而非人间之力。列昂纳多正是如此。他的优雅与优美无与伦比,
他的才智之高可使一切难题迎刃而解。”这是文艺复兴时期的传记作家瓦萨里对达·芬奇的赞美之词。
Ⅲ.
语法填空
(2021·烟台模拟)
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many
kids
love
to
listen
to
music
and
dance.
But
for
children
with
special
medical
needs,
joining
in
a
1.
__________
(tradition)
dance
class
can
be
difficult.
Thanks
2.
__________
physical
therapist(治疗师)
Kellie
Lightfoot,
young
people
in
Northeast
Ohio
have
the
benefit
of
a
special
program
called
Dance
Unlimited.
Lightfoot
founded
the
program
at
Akron
Children’s
Hospital
in
2012.
It
gives
kids
aged
four
and
up
a
chance
3.
__________
(dance)while
still
getting
the
benefits
of
physical
therapy.
?
Dance
goes
beyond
meeting
the
kids’
physical
needs.
During
class,
they
meet
other
kids,
build
4.
__________
(confident),
and
make
friends,
which
helps
a
lot
in
treating
their
diseases.
The
students
have
two
big
public
performances
each
year.
At
a
recent
performance
in
Akron,
the
dancers’
hard
work
5.
__________
(pay)off
on
stage,
allowing
them
to
shine
in
front
of
people.
Lightfoot,
6.
__________
started
dancing
before
the
age
of
three,
is
working
hard
to
help
children
with
special
needs.
“I
just
always
wanted
to
combine
the
two
things
that
I
love,
and
I
feel
like
this
is
7.
__________
I
am
meant
to
do,
”she
said.
??
Getting
all
of
the
kids
8.
__________
(involve)in
the
class
requires
a
team,
which
9.
__________
(make)
up
of
therapists,
dancers,
and
ordinary
people.
They
all
act
as
dance
assistants
so
that
all
of
the
children
can
join
in.
?
Lightfoot
hopes
to
expand
Dance
Unlimited
so
that
more
kids
with
physical
problems
can
10.
__________
(possible)reach
their
full
potential.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文,
主要介绍了一个叫Dance
Unlimited的特别项目,
为四岁及以上的孩子进行物理治疗的同时提供一个跳舞的机会。
1.
【解析】traditional。考查形容词。dance
class需要形容词修饰,
故填traditional。
2.
【解析】to。考查介词。thanks
to“幸亏;
由于”,
是固定搭配。故填to。
3.
【解析】to
dance。考查非谓语动词。分析句式可知,
chance后是不定式作定语,
故填to
dance。
4.
【解析】confidence。考查名词。build为及物动词,
后跟名词作宾语,
故填confidence。
5.
【解析】paid。考查动词时态。本句描述的是过去发生的事,
故应用一般过去时,
填paid。
6.
【解析】who。考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词Lightfoot,
且先行词在从句中作主语,
指人,
故填关系代词who。
7.
【解析】what。考查名词性从句连接词。分析句子可知,
此处为表语从句,
从句中缺少宾语,
指事物,
故填what。
8.
【解析】involved。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,
本句的谓语是requires,
故involve只能作非谓语动词。get.
.
.
involved
in“使……参加”,
故应用过去分词。故填involved。
9.
【解析】is
made。考查时态和语态。此处为定语从句修饰先行词team,
从句中make作谓语,
与主语team构成被动关系,
且根据上文requires可知用一般现在时。故填is
made。
10.
【解析】possibly。考查副词。reach为动词,
需要副词修饰,
故填possibly。(共54张PPT)
课时提升作业
二十九 选修6
Unit
4 Global
warming
(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2021·黄冈模拟)
Walls
blanketed
in
moss(苔藓)are
popping
up
in
major
cities,
along
with
promises
that
they
can
reduce
air
pollution—but
can
a
few
square
metres
of
plant
matter
really
deal
with
the
smog?
A
Berlin-based
firm,
Green
City
Solutions,
believes
so.
Its
moss
walls,
called
the
CityTree,
are
roughly
4
square
metres
in
size.
Armed
with
Wi-Fi
sensors
to
monitor
the
health
of
moss,
a
CityTree
functions
autonomously
and
requires
very
little
maintenance(维护).
The
wall
collects
rainwater,
which
is
pumped
through
a
built-in
irrigation
system
to
the
plants,
powered
by
solar
energy.
As
a
result,
the
firm
says
each
CityTree
is
able
to
“eat”
around
250
grams
of
particulate(颗粒)
matter
a
day
(nearly
90
kg
a
year)
and
removes
about
240
metric
tons
of
CO2
annually.
It
also
cools
the
surrounding
air.
Aware
that
getting
the
surrounding
air
in
contact
with
the
moss
wall
is
crucial
for
the
CityTree
to
be
effective,
the
inventors
ensure
that
the
location
of
each
installation
(安装)
is
chosen
carefully.
Spots
where
pollution
is
heavy
due
to
traffic
and
where
air
flow
is
limited
are
picked.
The
importance
of
this
step
is
explained
by
the
fact
that
the
waste
gas
from
a
car
generally
goes
vertically
a
few
kilometres
into
the
air.
But
this
doesn’t
mean
moss
walls
will
necessarily
protect
people
from
pollution.
In
the
Netherlands,
researchers
found
that
eight
walls
installed
in
Amsterdam
failed
to
reduce
the
concentration
of
particulate
matter
(PM)
and
nitrogen
dioxide
(NO2).
Their
report
concluded
that
even
doubling
the
number
of
moss
walls
would
do
little
to
improve
their
effectiveness.
The
CityTree
is
not
meant
for
parks
or
to
substitute
for
street
trees,
but
to
add
greenery
to
concrete-heavy
spaces
where
planting
is
not
an
option.
It’s
important
to
remember
that
street
trees
provide
a
whole
host
of
other
benefits,
including
shelter
and
habitat
for
urban
wildlife,
shade
and
cooling
for
people
on
the
street,
and
reduction
of
urban
heat
islands.
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章主要以号称能够减少空气污染的,
在大城市如雨后春笋般出现的CityTree—苔藓墙是否真的能对付雾霾展开了讨论,
分别从其功能、选址,
以及是否有效发挥作用方面进行了讲述。作者在文末提出个人观点:
苔藓墙并不能够取代公园和街道树木。
1.
What
do
we
know
about
the
CityTree?
A.
It
can
absorb
some
air
pollutants.
B.
It
can
irrigate
other
street
plants.
C.
It
produces
electricity
to
cool
water.
D.
It
is
aimed
at
saving
water
in
cities.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容:
As
a
result,
the
firm
says
each
CityTree
is
able
to
“eat”
around
250
grams
of
particulate
matter
a
day
(nearly
90
kg
a
year)
and
removes
about
240
metric
tons
of
CO2
annually.
可知每棵“城市树”每天可以“吃”大约250克的颗粒物(每年近90千克),
每年可以消除约240吨的二氧化碳。因此它有吸收一些空气污染物的功能。
2.
What
is
Paragraph
3
mainly
about?
A.
The
importance
of
CityTree.
B.
The
function
of
CityTree.
C.
How
to
operate
CityTree.
D.
Where
to
place
CityTree.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通过阅读可知,
该段首句内容为本段中心主旨句,
“Aware
that
getting
the
surrounding
air
in
contact
with
the
moss
wall
is
crucial
for
the
CityTree
to
be
effective,
the
inventors
ensure
that
the
location
of
each
installation
is
chosen
carefully.
(考虑到让周围的空气与苔藓墙接触对城市树的有效性至关重要,
发明者确保每个装置的位置都是精心选择的。)”可知,
本段主要在讲述苔藓墙的安装位置。
3.
Why
is
the
example
of
Amsterdam
mentioned
in
Paragraph
4?
A.
To
show
that
CityTree
can’t
always
work
well.
B.
To
prove
that
CityTree
can
reduce
air
pollutants.
C.
To
emphasize
the
necessity
of
building
moss
walls.
D.
To
analyze
the
reasons
for
the
failure
of
the
program.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据英文文章的写作特点可知,
举例内容应是对本段主旨要点的支持或例证,
题干中提及举例内容“Amsterdam”紧跟于本段主旨要点之后,
是为了给主旨句例证。结合主旨内容“But
this
doesn’t
mean
moss
walls
will
necessarily
protect
people
from
pollution.
(但这并不意味着苔藓墙一定会保护人们免受污染。)”由此判断出,
该例子是为了证明苔藓墙并不一定会发挥作用。
4.
What
is
the
author’s
attitude
towards
replacing
street
trees
with
moss
walls?
A.
Ambiguous.
B.
Disapproving.
C.
Supportive.
D.
Cautious.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“The
CityTree
is
not
meant
for
parks
or
to
substitute
for
street
trees,
but
to
add
greenery
to
concrete-heavy
spaces
where
planting
is
not
an
option.
(“城市树”并不是为公园设计的,
也不是用来替代街道上的树,
而是为混凝土密集的空间增加绿色植物,
在这些空间里不可以种植植物。)”可推知,
对于用苔藓墙取代街道上的树这种做法,
作者是反对的。
【知识拓展】
细节理解题解题技巧
在阅读理解题中,
有相当一部分题目属于事实或细节题,
特别是直接理解性题目,
比较简单,
只要通读全文,
了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节,
就可以解答出来,
有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案;
另外还有一些题目要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。
B
(2021·武汉模拟)
A
new
study
shows
that
rising
levels
of
planet-warming
gases
may
reduce
important
nutrients
in
food
crops.
Researchers
studied
the
effects
of
one
such
gas-carbon
dioxide-on
rice.
The
researchers
grew
rice
plants
in
a
controlled
environment.
They
set
carbon
dioxide
levels
to
what
scientists
are
predicting
for
our
planet
by
the
end
of
the
century.
They
found
that
the
resulting
rice
crops
had
lower
than
normal
levels
of
vitamins,
minerals
and
protein.
The
researchers
said
the
effects
of
planet-warming
gases
would
be
most
severe
for
the
poorest
citizens
in
some
of
the
least
developed
countries.
These
people
generally
eat
the
most
rice
and
have
the
least
complex
diets,
they
noted.
In
the
experiment,
scientists
grew
18
kinds
of
rice
in
fields
in
China
and
Japan.
They
pumped
carbon
dioxide
gas
over
the
plants
in
an
effort
to
create
the
atmosphere
of
the
future.
Rice
grown
under
high
carbon
dioxide
conditions
had,
on
average,
13
to
30
percent
lower
levels
of
four
B
vitamins
and
10
percent
less
protein.
The
crops
also
had
8
percent
less
iron
and
5
percent
less
zinc(锌)than
rice
grown
under
normal
conditions.
However,
vitamin
E
levels
increased
by
about
13
percent
on
average.
The
results
are
bad
news,
“especially
for
the
nutrition
of
the
poorer
population
in
less-developed
countries,
”
said
the
University
of
Tokyo’s
Kazuhiko
Kobayashi,
who
helped
to
write
the
report.
That
includes
about
600
million
people
in
Indonesia,
Cambodia,
Myanmar,
Bangladesh,
Laos
and
other
nations,
mainly
in
Southeast
Asia,
the
report
said.
One
of
the
scientists
is
Sam
Myers
of
Harvard
University
in
the
American
state
of
Massachusetts.
He
said
that
findings
like
this
are
an
example
of
the
surprises
climate
change
create.
“My
concern
is
there
are
many
more
surprises
to
come,
”
he
said.
?
Myers
noted
that
pollution,
loss
of
some
species,
destruction
of
forests,
and
other
human
activities
are
likely
to
produce
unexpected
problems.
He
said
that
you
cannot
completely
change
all
the
natural
systems
that
living
organisms
have
grown
to
depend
on
over
millions
of
years
without
having
effects
come
back
to
affect
our
own
health.
The
new
study
suggests
a
way
to
lower
the
nutritional
harm
of
climate
change.
One
way,
Kobayashi
said,
is
to
grow
different
forms
of
rice
that
have
shown
to
be
more
resistant
to
higher
carbon
dioxide
levels.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明,
不断增加的温室气体可能会减少粮食作物的重要营养成分,
对人们的身体健康造成影响。
5.
Which
country
would
be
influenced
most
by
planet-warming
gases
according
to
the
text?
A.
China.
B.
Myanmar.
C.
America.
D.
Britain.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the
effects
of
planet-warming
gases
would
be
most
severe
for
the
poorest
citizens
in
some
of
the
least
developed
countries.
”第四段中的“That
includes
about
600
million
people
in
Indonesia,
Cambodia,
Myanmar,
Bangladesh,
Laos
and
other
nations,
mainly
in
Southeast
Asia”可知温室气体对农作物的影响,
对不发达国家最贫困的居民影响最为严重,
包括印度尼西亚、柬埔寨、缅甸、孟加拉国、老挝和其他主要位于东南亚的国家。故选B。
6.
How
is
Paragraph
3
mainly
developed?
A.
By
comparison.
B.
By
giving
examples.
C.
By
analyzing
causes.
D.
By
describing
a
process.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。第三段中通过数据的比较,
让我们了解了温室气体对农作物的影响程度。故选A。
7.
What
does
the
underlined
sentence
in
Paragraph
5
mean?
A.
Climate
change
will
be
difficult
to
predict.
B.
Climate
change
will
lead
to
more
good
effects.
C.
Climate
change
will
be
harmful
to
the
environment.
D.
Climate
change
will
cause
more
unexpected
problems.
【解析】选D。句意猜测题。根据第六段中的“Myers
noted
that
pollution,
loss
of
some
species,
destruction
of
forests,
and
other
human
activities
are
likely
to
produce
unexpected
problems.
”可知Myers认为污染、某些物种的丧失、森林的破坏和其他人类活动可能产生意想不到的问题。出现的这些问题就是Myers提到的更多的意外。故选D。
8.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
true
according
to
the
text?
A.
Myers
said
we
could
change
all
the
natural
systems
for
the
sake
of
our
health.
B.
The
poorest
people
in
all
the
least
developed
countries
would
be
influenced
most.
C.
The
researchers
grew
18
kinds
of
rice
in
China
and
Japan
in
a
controlled
environment.
D.
Protein
in
rice
grown
under
high
carbon
dioxide
conditions
increased
by
10
percent.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In
the
experiment,
scientists
grew
18
kinds
of
rice
in
fields
in
China
and
Japan.
They
pumped
carbon
dioxide
gas
over
the
plants
in
an
effort
to
create
the
atmosphere
of
the
future.
”可知实验是在中国和日本的农田里种植了18种水稻。他们将二氧化碳气体输送到植物上方,
以创造未来的大气。也就是在可控的环境下种植水稻进行实验。
【知识拓展】佳词积累
1.
nutrient
n.
营养素
2.
complex
adj.
复杂的
3.
destruction
n.
破坏
4.
organism
n.
有机体
Ⅱ.
完形填空
I
first
discovered
Café
Gratitude
several
months
ago.
My
friend
Dr.
Heather
invited
me
to
__1__
her
for
lunch.
Heather
had
just
moved
to
Los
Angeles,
and
we
would
discuss
the
project
we
were
doing.
As
we
sat
down
and
were
__2__
the
delicious
vegetarian
menu,
the
server
who
came
to
take
our
__3__
asked
us
the
question
of
the
day,
“What
are
you
grateful
for?
”?
I
felt
a
familiar
stir
in
my
chest,
and
my
eyes
began
to
water.
__4__
pause,
Heather
__5__
her
hand
out
to
me
and
said
that
it
was
great
to
be
with
me.
I
expressed
my
gratitude
to
be
with
her
too,
enjoying
this
moment
of
our
shared
__6__
and
her
new
start
in
Los
Angeles.
After
a
delicious
lunch,
I
decided
to
stay
a
while
longer
as
the
question
had
inspired
me
to
meet
the
co-owner,
Ryland.
Pauses
or
__7__
in
life
are
a
very
good
time
to
listen
to
what’s
__8__
on
inside
of
our
hearts.
?
When
Ryland
came
over
to
my
table
with
his
big
smile,
his
title
of
Chief
Inspiration
Officer
seemed
very
__9__
for
his
personality.
He
gave
me
his
__10__
attention
as
he
opened
his
heart
to
listen.
I
told
him
how
I
wanted
to
help
him
open
more
__11__
so
there
could
be
more
places
to
eat
and
help
spread
this
__12__
of
“being
generous
and
grateful
every
day”.
Since
that
__13__,
Café
Gratitude
has
been
my
favorite
place
to
eat.
?
What
a
rewarding
and
meaningful
experience!
And
I’ve
since
learned
that
Café
Gratitude
practices
business
through
what
they
call
“Sacred
Commerce”
where
they
provide
inspired
service,
and
express
__14__
for
the
richness
of
our
lives.
A
simple
question
that
day
__15__
me
down
new
paths
and
gave
me
new
friendships.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”应邀和朋友在一家“感恩餐馆”共进午餐,
期间服务员问我们“我们感激什么”时,
“我”和“我”的朋友都认为那一刻彼此的陪伴让我们感激。这一简单的问题让“我”有了新的人生感悟……
1.
A.
attend
B.
accompany
C.
involve
D.
find
【解析】选B。根据语境可知,
“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐。accompany意为“陪伴”,
故B项正确。
2.
A.
looking
B.
testing
C.
planning
D.
studying
【解析】选D。根据空后的“delicious
vegetarian
menu”及常识可知,
我们坐下并细看菜单。studying意为“细看”,
故D项正确。
3.
A.
space
B.
time
C.
order
D.
place
【解析】选C。根据该句中的“the
server
who
came
to
take”及常识可推知,
服务员过来请我们点餐。order意为“点菜”,
故C项正确。
4.
A.
Without
B.
Despite
C.
In
terms
of
D.
Regardless
of
【解析】选A。根据语境可知,
Heather毫无停顿向“我”伸出手,
说和“我”在一起感觉很好。without
pause意为“毫无停顿”,
故A项正确。
5.
A.
reached
B.
shook
C.
clapped
D.
stuck
【解析】选A。由“her
hand
out
to
me”可知,
Heather向“我”伸出手,
reach意为“伸,
伸手(以碰触或提起某物)”,
故A项正确。
6.
A.
project
B.
seat
C.
honesty
D.
friendship
【解析】选D。根据上文可知,
我们都表达了对彼此陪伴的感激;
再结合该句中的“shared”可推知,
我们享受着分享友谊的时刻。friendship意为“友谊”,
故D项正确。
7.
A.
action
B.
delays
C.
hurry
D.
dreams
【解析】选B。根据语境可知,
空处与“Pauses”相照应,
应为其同义词语,
故delays
“延迟”符合语境,
故B项正确。
8.
A.
looking
B.
insisting
C.
going
D.
agreeing
【解析】选C。根据语境可知,
生活中的暂停或延迟是倾听我们内心想法的一个很好的时机。go
on意为“发生”,
为固定搭配,
符合语境,
故C项正确。
9.
A.
suitable
B.
ready
C.
eager
D.
anxious
【解析】选A。根据语境可知,
他微笑着,
看起来他“首席灵感官”的头衔和他的个性很匹配。(be)
suitable
for为固定搭配,
意为“适合于……”,
故A项正确。
10.
A.
simple
B.
full
C.
urgent
D.
regular
【解析】选B。根据从句“as
he
opened
his
heart
to
listen”可知,
他敞开心扉倾听,
全身心注意着“我”。full意为“完全的”,
故B项正确。
11.
A.
hotels
B.
schools
C.
clubs
D.
restaurants
【解析】选D。根据空后的“more
places
to
eat”可推知,
“我”想要帮助他开更多的饭店,
这样的话就有更多的地方就餐并传播“每天要慷慨并感恩”的信息。restaurants意为“饭店”,
故D项正确。
12.
A.
lesson
B.
note
C.
message
D.
lecture
【解析】选C。此处指开设更多的饭店来传播这样的信息。message
“信息”符合语境。
13.
A.
meeting
B.
performance
C.
act
D.
vacation
【解析】选A。根据上文中的“meet
the
co-owner”并结合语境可知,
自从那次见面以来,
“感恩餐馆”就成了“我”最喜爱去就餐的地方。meeting意为“会面”,
故A项正确。
14.
A.
explanation
B.
appreciation
C.
consideration
D.
application
【解析】选B。根据语境,
该餐馆的名字及其经营理念可知,
他们向我们生命的丰足表达了感激。appreciation意为“感激”,
故B项正确。
15.
A.
surprised
B.
led
C.
returned
D.
held
【解析】选B。根据语境可知,
那天的一个简单的问题,
引导“我”走上新的道路,
给了“我”新的友谊(关系)。led意为“引领”,
故B项正确。
【知识拓展】佳词积累
1.
grateful
adj.
感激的
2.
stir
n.
震动
3.
gratitude
n.
感激
4.
pause
n.
停顿
5.
generous
adj.
慷慨的
Ⅲ.
语法填空
(2021·惠州模拟)
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today,
Mount
Qomolangma’s
peak
is
not
a
lonely
place
any
more.
Over
3,
500
people
have
1.
__________(successful)
climbed
the
mountain
over
the
past
year.
Meanwhile,
climbers
have
complained
about
2.
__________(wait)
for
hours
in
the
bottlenecks.
?
In
fact,
the
dangerous
3.
__________(crowd)
aren’t
the
only
problem.
All
those
climbers
need
4.
__________(bring)
a
lot
of
gear(设备),
much
of
which
ends
up
being
left
on
the
mountain.
It
is
becoming
the
world’s
tallest
rubbish
dump.
?
5.
__________
the
good
news
is
6.
__________
some
mountaineers
have
started
to
clean
up
Qomolangma.
Mountaineers
Paul
and
Eberhard
are
part
of
Eco
Everest
Expedition,
which
has
been
cleaning
up
rubbish
since
2008.
So
far
they
7.
__________(collect)
over
13
tons
of
garbage.
?
Some
of
that
rubbish
is
even
being
used
for
8.
__________
higher
purpose.
As
part
of
the
Mount
Everest
8848
Art
Project,
a
group
of
15
artists
from
Nepal
collected
1.
5
tons
of
garbage.
They’ve
changed
the
cans
and
oxygen
tanks
into
74
pieces
of
art
that
have
already
been
exhibited
9.
__________
Nepal’s
capital.
Part
of
the
profit
from
sales
10.
__________(be)
available
for
the
Everest
Peakeers
Association
which
has
helped
collect
rubbish
off
the
mountain.
?
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的污染情况以及现在采取的应对污染的措施和取得的进步。
1.
【解析】successfully。考查副词。分析句子结构可知,
空前的have和空后的climbed构成谓语,
此处应用副词来修饰,
故填successfully。
2.
【解析】waiting。考查动名词。此处介词about之后应用动名词形式,
故填waiting。
3.
【解析】crowds。考查名词的单复数。根据空前的形容词dangerous可知,
空处应用名词形式,
crowd“人群”为可数名词,
且句子的谓语aren’t为复数形式,
所以应用复数形式crowds。
4.
【解析】to
bring。考查动词不定式。此处表示所有这些登山者都需要带着大量设备,
故此处用need
to
do
sth.
“需要做某事”。
5.
【解析】But。考查连词。上下句是转折关系,
故用连词but,
在句首,
第一个字母要大写。
6.
【解析】that。考查名词性从句。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,
此处引导表语从句,
引导词在从句中不充当成分,
仅起连接作用,
故用that引导。
7.
【解析】have
collected。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语So
far可知,
此处表示截止到现在已收集的垃圾数量,
所以应用现在完成时;
又主语they为复数,
故填have
collected。
8.
【解析】a。考查冠词。此处表示“一个更高的目标”,
表泛指,
在文中第一次提到,
且higher的发音以辅音音素开头,
故用a。
9.
【解析】in。考查介词。根据句意可知,
此处表示“在尼泊尔的首都”,
故填in“在(某范围或空间内的)某一点”。
10.
【解析】is。考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知,
此处为一般性描述,
应用一般现在时;
该句主语为“Part
of
the
profit
from
sales”,
此处表示单数概念,
应填is。(共44张PPT)
课时提升作业
二十八 选修6
Unit
3 A
healthy
life
(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2021·杭州模拟)
Katie
always
knew
she
wanted
to
be
a
performer.
She
was
crazy
about
musicals
and
Disney
movies
from
an
early
age
and
would
often
watch
them
singing
along
with
her
mom,
Karen.
When
Katie
was
nine
years
old,
her
happy
childhood
took
a
turn
when
her
mother
was
diagnosed
with
cancer.
Then
they
made
a
decision.
Disney
World
had
been
a
longtime
dream
vacation
for
Karen.
So
in
November
1997,
the
family
packed
up
and
headed
to
Disney
World.
They
spent
their
days
in
the
parks,
seeing
the
sights,
greeting
characters,
and
watching
Karen’s
face
light
up
with
joy.
They
all
shared
the
joy
of
experiencing
the
park
for
the
first
time
with
Karen.
Katie
says
she’ll
never
forget
the
moment
that
changed
her
life
on
that
trip.
After
a
long
day,
the
Whetsells
decided
to
see
one
of
Disney
World’s
nightly
light
shows.
While
watching,
a
Disney
cast
member
performing
in
the
parade
came
up
to
her
mom
and
rested
her
hand
on
Karen’s
shoulder.
This
was
the
day
Katie
decided
she
wanted
to
work
for
Disney.
Sadly,
Katie’s
mom
Karen
lost
her
battle
with
cancer
on
June
2,
2003.
Katie
went
on
to
pursue
her
dream.
After
Katie
received
her
degree
in
musical
theatre,
Katie
struggled
for
years,
trying
to
make
it
as
an
actor.
Her
hard
work
and
passion
finally
paid
off
when
she
was
hired
to
work
on
Disney
Cruise
Lines
in
2009
and
later
as
a
performer
in
Disney
on
Classic.
Since
then,
Katie
has
had
many
opportunities
to
play
with
some
of
her
favorite
Disney
characters,
but
Katie’s
favorite
friend
is
Dory
in
Finding
Nemo
at
Disney
World’s
Animal
Kingdom.
Several
times
a
week,
Katie
can
be
found
voicing
lovable,
forgetful
Dory.
She
says
that
Dory
has
taught
her
the
value
of
living
in
the
present
moment
and
to
“just
keep
swimming”.
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了从小对音乐剧和迪士尼电影着迷的Katie,
后来因为母亲重病一家人去迪士尼度过了梦想的假期,
这使Katie有了为迪士尼工作的新梦想。
1.
Why
did
the
family
decide
to
visit
Disney
World?
A.
To
spend
Katie’s
dream
vacation.
B.
To
help
Katie
be
a
performer.
C.
To
make
Karen’s
dream
come
true.
D.
To
enjoy
the
last
family
trip.
【解析】选C。
细节理解题。根据第一段“When
Katie
was
nine
years
old,
her
happy
childhood
took
a
turn
when
her
mother
was
diagnosed
with
cancer.
Then
they
made
a
decision.
Disney
World
had
been
a
longtime
dream
vacation
for
Karen.
So
in
November
1997,
the
family
packed
up
and
headed
to
Disney
World.
”当Katie九岁时,
她快乐的童年发生了变化,
因为她的母亲诊断出了癌症,
他们做了一个决定,
迪士尼乐园一直是Karen的梦想假期,
所以在1997年11月,
这家人收拾行装去了迪士尼。由此可知这家人决定去迪士尼是为了实现Karen的梦想。
2.
What
really
urges
Katie
to
work
for
Disney?
A.
Karen
was
diagnosed
with
cancer.
B.
The
family
shared
the
joy
together
in
the
park.
C.
They
saw
a
Disney
World’s
nightly
light
show.
D.
A
Disney
performer
had
some
interaction
with
Karen.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段“While
watching,
a
Disney
cast
member
performing
in
the
parade
came
up
to
her
mom
and
rested
her
hand
on
Karen’s
shoulder.
This
was
the
day
Katie
decided
she
wanted
to
work
for
Disney.
”
在观看过程中,
一名在游行队伍中表演的迪士尼演员走到她妈妈跟前,
把她的手放在Karen的肩上。就是在这一天,
Katie决定要为迪士尼工作。所以这里Katie想为迪士尼工作的原因是一个迪士尼演员和母亲的互动。
3.
Why
was
Katie
fond
of
Dory
in
Finding
Nemo?
A.
Because
Dory
taught
her
some
life
lessons.
B.
Because
Katie
enjoyed
voicing
lovable
Dory.
C.
Because
Dory
played
with
a
Disney
character.
D.
Because
Katie
had
opportunities
to
swim
with
Dory.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段“She
says
that
Dory
has
taught
her
the
value
of
living
in
the
present
moment
and
to
‘just
keep
swimming’.
”
她说Dory教会了她活在当下的价值,
“只要继续游泳就好”。所以这里Katie喜欢Dory的原因是Dory教会了她一些人生道理。
4.
Which
of
the
following
can
best
describe
Katie?
A.
Humorous
and
honest.
B.
Hardworking
and
determined.
C.
Optimistic
and
serious.
D.
Outgoing
and
patient.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“After
Katie
received
her
degree
in
musical
theatre,
Katie
struggled
for
years,
trying
to
make
it
as
an
actor.
”
在Katie获得她的音乐戏剧学位后,
Katie奋斗了多年,
试图成为一名演员,
可知Katie是一个努力并且有决心的人。
【知识拓展】
词汇积累
1.
take
a
turn
情况有所变化
take
a
turn
for
the
better/worse
情况有所好转/恶化
2.
be
diagnosed
with.
.
.
被诊断为……(疾病)
3.
have
interaction
with
sb.
与……互动,
交流
4.
pay
off
得到回报
5.
rest
her
hand
on
Karen’s
shoulder
把她的手放在Karen肩上
B
Sharon
Okpoe
has
lived
her
entire
17
years
in
Makoko,
known
as
the
world’s
largest
“floating
slum
(贫民窟)”,
built
on
a
lake
in
Lagos,
Nigeria.
Okpoe’s
father
is
a
fisherman,
and
her
mother
sells
smoked
fish.
As
many
as
two-thirds
of
the
city’s
21
million
residents
live
in
slums.
“Most
girls
are
trapped
in
a
terrible
cycle
of
poverty.
Many
of
them
are
not
thinking
of
education,
a
plan
for
the
future,
”
Abisoye
Ajayi-Akinfolarin,
a
computer
programmer
in
Lagos,
recalls.
But
several
times
a
week,
girls
like
Okpoe
get
a
glimpse
of
another
world
when
they
attend
GirlsCoding,
a
free
program
run
by
the
Pearls
Africa
Foundation
that
seeks
to
educate
and
excite
girls
about
computer
programming.
Since
2012,
the
group
has
helped
more
than
400
disadvantaged
girls
gain
the
technical
skills
and
confidence
they
need
to
transform
their
lives.
It’s
the
vision
of
Ajayi-Akinfolarin,
who
left
a
successful
career
to
devote
herself
to
this
work.
She’d
noticed
how
few
women
worked
in
this
growing
field—a
2013
government
survey
found
that
less
than
8%
of
Nigerian
women
were
employed
in
technology
jobs.
She
wanted
to
fix
the
gender
gap.
“Technology
is
a
space
that’s
dominated
by
men.
Why
should
we
leave
that
to
guys?
”
she
said.
“I
believe
girls
need
opportunities.
”
Now,
dozens
of
girls
aged
10
to
17
get
trained
in
computer
programming
technology.
“I
believe
you
can
still
find
diamonds
in
these
places,
”
Ajayi-Akinfolarin
said.
“They
need
to
be
shown
another
life.
”
One
way
her
program
does
this
is
by
taking
the
students
to
visit
tech
companies
—
not
only
showing
them
what
technology
can
do,
but
also
helping
them
visualize
themselves
joining
the
industry.
Okpoe,
for
one,
has
taken
this
to
heart.
She
helped
create
an
app
called
Makoko
Fresh
that
went
live
this
summer,
enabling
fishermen
like
her
father
to
sell
seafood
directly
to
customers.
She
even
wants
to
become
a
software
engineer
and
hopes
to
study
computer
science
at
Harvard.
“One
thing
I
want
my
girls
to
hold
onto
is,
regardless
of
where
they
are
coming
from,
that
they
can
make
it,
”
Ajayi
said.
“They
are
coders.
They
are
thinkers.
Their
future
is
bright.
”
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ajayi-Akinfolarin在贫民窟中教女孩们计算机编程技术,
向她们展示另一种生活的故事。
5.
What
can
we
learn
about
GirlsCoding?
A.
It
encourages
girls
to
land
a
job
in
education.
B.
It
offers
Nigerian
girls
in
need
of
part-time
jobs.
C.
It
helps
girls
working
in
Lagos
to
fight
poverty.
D.
It
teaches
girls
in
Makoko
computer
programming.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的But
several
times
a
week,
girls
like
Okpoe
get
a
glimpse
of
another
world
when
they
attend
GirlsCoding,
a
free
program
run
by
the
Pearls
Africa
Foundation
that
seeks
to
educate
and
excite
girls
about
computer
programming.
可知,
但是每周都有好几次,
像奥克坡这样的女孩参加GirlsCoding,
这是一个由珍珠非洲基金会运营的免费项目,
旨在教育和激发女孩们对计算机编程的兴趣。由此可知,
GirlsCoding在Makoko教女孩计算机编程。故选D项。
6.
What
did
Ajayi-Akinfolarin
say
about
the
growing
field
in
Paragraph
3?
A.
Men
could
do
far
better
in
technology
jobs.
B.
Girls
should
get
equal
work
opportunities.
C.
Men
normally
got
paid
more
than
women.
D.
Girls
tended
to
devote
themselves
to
work.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段,
Ajayi-Akinfolarin注意到在这个不断发展的领域工作的女性很少,
她想要弥补性别差异,
尤其是I
believe
girls
need
opportunities.
(我认为女孩需要机会)说明了在男性主导的这个不断发展的领域中,
女孩应该得到平等的工作机会。故选B项。
7.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“this”
in
Paragraph
4
refer
to?
A.
Rebuilding
the
girls’
confidence.
B.
Training
the
girls
to
find
diamonds.
C.
Presenting
a
different
life
to
the
girls.
D.
Taking
the
girls
to
technology
companies.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线词所在句One
way
her
program
does
this
is
by
taking
the
students
to
visit
tech
companies
—
not
only
showing
them
what
technology
can
do,
but
also
helping
them
visualize
themselves
joining
the
industry.
可知,
她的项目做这个计划的一种方法是通过带领学生访问科技公司——不仅教她们技术能做什么,
还帮助她们想象自己加入这个行业。由此可知,
指示代词this指代前文的内容,
根据前一句Ajayi-Akinfolarin所说的话中They
need
to
be
shown
another
life.
(需要向她们展示另一种生活)可推断出,
this指的是给女孩们带来不同的生活。故选C项。
8.
What
can
we
infer
about
Okpoe
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
She
got
fishermen
to
benefit
from
her
app.
B.
She
was
admitted
to
Harvard
University.
C.
She
took
her
father’s
suggestion
to
heart.
D.
She
made
some
changes
to
computer
science.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的She
helped
create
an
app
called
Makoko
Fresh
that
went
live
this
summer,
enabling
fishermen
like
her
father
to
sell
seafood
directly
to
customers.
可知,
她帮助开发了一款名为Makoko
Fresh的应用程序,
该应用程序于今年夏天上线,
让像她父亲这样的渔民可以直接向客户销售海鲜。由此可知,
她让渔民们受益于她的应用程序。故选A项。
【知识拓展】
代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象,
包括考查it(指动物,
无生命的事物、特定的事件或人),
they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词),
he/she等人称代词的指代意义,
以及指示代词this,
that,
these,
those等在文章中的指代意义,
考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人、物、事件的认知能力。解答这类题时,
同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和其前后句的内容,
分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程,
理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系,
从而准确推断出其指代的对象。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
阅读下面短文,
从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Here’s
how
yo-yo
dieting
affects
your
body
and
your
mind
Yo-yo
dieting,
also
known
as
weight
cycling,
occurs
when
a
person
experiences
periods
of
weight
loss
followed
by
weight
gain
followed
by
weight
loss
and
so
on
and
so
on.
The
effects
of
this
weight
cycling
are
significant,
even
when
the
weight
lost
and
gained
is
as
little
as
10
pounds.
__1__.
?
It
can
make
you
gain
weight
While
dieting
may
help
you
lose
a
few
pounds
at
first,
it
only
works
temporarily.
Your
body
responds
to
the
lack
of
calories
by
turning
to
lean
muscle
mass
for
energy.
Once
you
have
returned
to
your
normal
eating
habits,
the
weight
comes
back
on—
__2__.
?
__3__?
Yo-yo
dieting
may
increase
the
risk
for
heart
disease
and
sudden
death
in
post-menopausal(绝经后)women.
Studies
found
that
when
normal-weight
women
experienced
periods
of
weight
cycling,
they
were
3.
5
times
more
likely
to
have
sudden
death
than
women
whose
weight
remained
stable.
In
the
same
study,
yo-yo
dieting
increased
a
woman’s
risk
of
death
by
66
percent.
It
can
be
damaging
to
your
skin
Dermatologist
(a
doctor
who
studies
and
treats
skin
diseases)
Robin
Evans
weighed
in
on
the
effect
that
yo-yo
dieting
has
on
the
skin.
“The
up
and
down
weight
losses
and
gains
can
have
harmful
effects
on
the
skin,
especially
on
the
face
with
stretching
and
contracting
the
skin,
”
said
Evans.
__4__.
?
It
plays
games
with
your
mind
Yo-yo
dieting
is
hard
on
the
body,
__5__.
Repeatedly
gaining
and
losing
weight
can
leave
dieters
feeling
more
depressed
about
their
weight
and
losing
self-belief
as
a
result.
?
If
you’re
a
yo-yo
dieter,
talk
to
your
health
care
provider
about
lifestyle
changes
that
can
help
you
maintain
a
stable
and
healthy
weight
for
years
to
come.
A.
It
only
works
temporarily
B.
It
can
damage
your
heart
C.
but
in
the
form
of
fat,
not
muscle
D.
but
it’s
even
harder
on
the
mind
E.
but
with
a
smaller
size,
you
will
make
yourself
less
friendly
F.
The
result
ends
up
more
wrinkles
and
an
overall
effect
of
aging
the
skin
G.
We
turned
to
the
experts
to
find
out
how
yo-yo
dieting
can
affect
your
body
and
your
mind
1.
【解析】选G。语境理解题。根据前文
The
effects
of
this
weight
cycling
are
significant,
even
when
the
weight
lost
and
gained
is
as
little
as
10
pounds.
(这种体重循环的影响是显著的,
即使体重减轻和增加的重量只有10磅。结合下文,
介绍了节食对身体和大脑的影响。)可知,
G
项:
We
turned
to
the
experts
to
find
out
how
yo-yo
dieting
can
affect
your
body
and
your
mind.
(我们求助于专家来了解节食对你的身体和大脑的影响。)符合文意。
故选G。
2.
【解析】选C。理解判断题。根据前文
Once
you
have
returned
to
your
normal
eating
habits,
the
weight
comes
back
on
(一旦你恢复了正常的饮食习惯,
体重就恢复了。)可知,
C
项:
but
in
the
form
of
fat,
not
muscle.
(但它是以脂肪的形式,
而不是肌肉。)符合文意。
故选C。
3.
【解析】选B。小标题归纳题。根据后文
Yo-yo
dieting
may
increase
the
risk
for
heart
disease
and
sudden
death
in
post-menopausal
women.
(溜溜球节食可能会增加绝经后妇女心脏病和猝死的风险。)可知,
B
项:
It
can
damage
your
heart.
(它会损坏你的心脏。)符合文意。故选B。
4.
【解析】选F。语境理解题。根据本段小标题It
can
be
damaging
to
your
skin.
(它会对你的皮肤造成伤害。)可知,
F
项:
The
result
ends
up
more
wrinkles
and
an
overall
effect
of
aging
the
skin.
(结果导致更多的皱纹和老化皮肤的整体效果。)符合文意。
故选F。
5.
【解析】选D。理解判断题。根据前文
Yo-yo
dieting
is
hard
on
the
body,
(溜溜球节食在身体上很难)及后文
Repeatedly
gaining
and
losing
weight
can
leave
dieters
feeling
more
depressed
about
their
weight
and
losing
self-belief
as
a
result.
(体重的不断增加和减少会让减肥者对他们的体重更为沮丧同时丧失自信。)可知D
项:
but
it’s
even
harder
on
the
mind.
(但在思想上更难。)符合文意。
故选D。
【知识拓展】背景链接
溜溜球节食法指的是由节食引起的体重在减少和增加中的循环往复,
也被称为体重循环法。该节食方法会使人产生极端的情绪,
最后导致采用旧的饮食习惯后体重会增加,
从而增添情绪困扰。一项新研究显示,
对有心脏病的人来说,
溜溜球节食法可能会增加他们患心脏病和中风的风险。
词汇积累
1.
lean
muscle
mass
肌肉量
2.
temporarily
暂时地
3.
responds
to
对……作出反应
4.
stretching
and
contracting
the
skin
拉伸和收缩皮肤
5.
wrinkle
皱纹
Ⅲ.
语法填空
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How
to
keep
healthy
Good
health
is
the
most
valuable
1.
__________(possess)
a
person
can
have,
but
one
can
not
regard
good
health
as
certain
2.
__________(happen).
It’s
important
to
remember
that
a
body
needs
proper
care
in
order
to
be
healthy.
There
are
three
things
3.
__________
a
person
can
do
to
stay
in
good
shape—one
should
eat
the
right
foods,
get
enough
sleep,
and
exercise
4.
__________(regular).
?
Proper
nutrition
is
important
for
good
health.
Your
body
cannot
function
well
unless
it
receives
the
proper
kind
of
“fuel”.
Avoid
foods
with
lots
of
sugar
and
fat.
Eat
plenty
of
foods
high
5.
__________
protein,
like
meat,
fish,
beans
and
nuts.
Vegetables
and
fruits
are
especially
important
6.
__________
they
provide
necessary
vitamins
and
minerals.
However,
don’t
overeat.
It’s
not
healthful
to
be
overweight.
?
7.
__________(get)the
proper
amount
of
sleep
is
also
important.
If
you
don’t
get
enough
sleep,
you
will
feel
tired
and
irritable.
You
have
no
energy.
Over
8.
__________
long
period
of
time
a
little
amount
of
sleep
may
even
result
in
a
change
of
personality.
Be
sure
to
allow
yourself
from
seven
to
nine
hours
of
sleep
each
night.
If
you
do,
your
body
9.
__________(feel)
strong
and
refreshed,
and
your
mind
will
be
sharp.
?
Finally,
get
plenty
of
exercise.
Exercise
can
firm
the
body,
10.
__________
(strong)
the
muscles,
and
prevent
you
from
gaining
weight.
It
also
improves
your
heart
and
lungs.
If
you
follow
a
regular
exercise
program,
you
will
probably
increase
your
lifespan.
Any
kind
of
exercise
is
good.
Most
sports
are
excellent
for
keeping
the
body
in
good
shape:
basketball,
swimming,
bicycling.
Gymnastics
and
running
are
good
examples.
Sports
are
not
only
good
for
your
body,
but
they
are
enjoyable
and
interesting,
too.
?
If
everybody
were
to
eat
the
right
foods,
get
plenty
of
sleep
and
exercise
more,
the
world
would
be
a
happier
and
healthier
place.
We
would
all
live
to
be
much
older
and
wiser.
1.
【解析】possession。考查词性转换。possess
动词“拥有”,
the
most
valuable
作定语,
修饰名词possession“财产,
物品”。
2.
【解析】to
happen。
考查非谓语动词。to
do
不定式作health的定语,
把健康认为是必然发生的。
3.
【解析】that/which。
考查定语从句。先行词为three
things,
在从句中作do的宾语。
4.
【解析】regularly。
考查词性转换。形容词转换为副词,
修饰exercise“锻炼”这个动作。
5.
【解析】in。
考查固定搭配。high
in
sth.
富含……,
亦可说rich
in.
.
.
。反义:
少量含有……:
be
low/poor
in.
.
.
。
6.
【解析】because。
考查原因状语。因为水果蔬菜提供必需的维生素和矿物质,
所以它们尤其重要。
7.
【解析】Getting。
考查非谓语动词。获得充足的睡眠也很重要。动名词短语作主语。
8.
【解析】a。考查冠词。表示“一段时间”用a
period
of
time。
9.
【解析】will
feel。
考查谓语动词的时态。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”,
从句用一般现在时,
主句则用一般将来时。句意:
如果你这么做,
一天睡七到九个小时,
那么你的身体一定会很强壮,
并感到精神抖擞,
思维也会更加敏捷。
10.
【解析】strengthen。
考查词性转换。此处为谓语动词,
strong是形容词,
其动词为strengthen
加强,
使……强壮。
【知识拓展】名词或形容词转换成动词+en后缀的有:
length-lengthen;
deep-deepen;
broad-broaden;
wide-widen;
weak-weaken;
less-lessen;
light-lighten;
bright-brighten等。
