(共61张PPT)
三十二 选择性必修 第三册 Unit
2 A
life’s
work
(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2021·潍坊模拟)
George
Nakashima
always
insisted
that
he
was
a
simple
woodworker,
not
an
artist.
Even
though
major
museums
exhibited
his
works
and
the
director
of
the
American
Craft
Museum
called
him
a
national
treasure,
Mr
Nakashima
rejected
the
label
of
artist.
For
almost
fifty
years
he
simply
went
on
shaping
wood
into
beautiful
chairs,
tables,
and
cabinets.
Nakashima
had
a
clear
goal.
He
intended
each
piece
of
furniture
he
made
to
be
as
perfect
as
possible.
Even
making
a
box
was
an
act
of
creation,
because
it
produced
an
object
that
had
never
existed
before.
Initially
Nakashima
used
local
wood,
sometimes
from
his
own
property.
Later,
he
traveled
to
seek
out
English
oak,
Persian
walnut,
African
zebra
wood
and
Indian
teak.
He
especially
liked
to
find
giant
roots
that
had
been
dug
out
of
the
ground
after
a
tree
was
taken
down.
Nakashima
felt
that
making
this
wood
into
furniture
was
a
way
of
allowing
the
tree
to
live
again.
Most
furniture
makers
prefer
perfect
boards,
but
Nakashima
took
pleasure
in
using
wood
with
interesting
knots
(节疤)
and
cracks.
These
irregularities
gave
the
wood
personality
and
showed
that
the
tree
had
lived
a
happy
life.
He
never
failed
to
create
an
object
that
was
both
useful
and
beautiful.
One
early
piece
Nakashima
designed
was
a
three-legged
chair
for
his
small
daughter,
Mira,
to
use
when
she
sat
at
the
table
for
meals.
The
Mira
chair
became
so
popular
that
Nakashima
later
made
both
low
and
high
versions.
Another
famous
piece,
the
Conoid
chair,
has
two
legs
supported
by
bladelike
feet.
Always,
Nakashima’s
designs
were
precise
and
graceful,
marked
by
a
simplicity
that
revealed
his
love
for
the
wood.
As
the
years
passed,
Nakashima’s
reputation
grew
and
his
work
received
many
awards.
His
children
Mira
and
Kevin,
now
adults,
joined
the
team
of
crafts—people
in
their
father’s
studio.
Nakashima’s
dream
of
integrating
work
and
family
had
come
true.
【文章大意】这是一篇人物传记。短文介绍了木工兼艺术家的George
Nakashima
以及他设计的作品的相关信息。
1.
Which
of
the
following
best
describes
Nakashima?
A.
Generous
and
outgoing.
B.
Honest
and
simple.
C.
Capable
and
friendly.
D.
Creative
and
modest.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段“Mr
Nakashima
rejected
the
label
of
artist.
”可知,
Nakashima
拒绝艺术家的称号。由此判断出,
他很谦虚。根据第二段“Even
making
a
box
was
an
act
of
creation,
because
it
produced
an
object
that
had
never
existed
before.
”可知,
甚至制作一个盒子也是一种创造行为,
因为它制造了一个以前从未存在过的物体。由此判断出,
他很有创造性。故选D项。
2.
Why
was
Nakashima
called
a
national
treasure?
A.
His
art
work
made
trees
live
again.
B.
He
used
precious
wood
materials.
C.
His
chairs
were
beautifully
designed.
D.
He
was
devoted
to
making
furniture.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段“Nakashima
felt
that
making
this
wood
into
furniture
was
a
way
of
allowing
the
tree
to
live
again.
”可知,
Nakashima认为,
将这种木材制成家具,
是让这棵树重获生机的一种方式。所以为什么Nakashima被称为国宝是因为他的艺术作品使树木重获生机。故选A项。
3.
What
can
we
learn
about
Nakashima
from
the
last
two
paragraphs?
A.
He
loved
his
work
and
family.
B.
He
made
chairs
of
the
same
style.
C.
He
sought
for
a
simple
life
and
art.
D.
He
was
lost
in
researching
the
wood.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“One
early
piece
Nakashima
designed
was
a
three-legged
chair
for
his
small
daughter,
Mira,
to
use
when
she
sat
at
the
table
for
meals.
.
.
.
Always,
Nakashima’s
designs
were
precise
and
graceful,
marked
by
a
simplicity
that
revealed
his
love
for
the
wood.
”Nakashima早期设计的一件作品是为他的小女儿米拉设计的一张三条腿的椅子,
供她坐在桌边用餐时使用……一直以来,
Nakashima的设计都是精确而优雅的,
以一种简单的方式表现出他对木材的热爱。根据最后一段“Nakashima’s
dream
of
integrating
work
and
family
had
come
true.
”Nakashima将工作和家庭融为一体的梦想实现了。由此判断出,
他爱他的工作和家人。故选A项。
4.
What
can
be
inferred
about
Mira
and
Kevin?
A.
They
had
an
art
studio
of
their
own.
B.
They
still
lacked
the
ability
to
create
art
works.
C.
They
had
a
common
interest
with
their
father.
D.
They
enjoyed
the
same
reputation
with
their
father.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段“His
children
Mira
and
Kevin,
now
adults,
joined
the
team
of
crafts—people
in
their
father’s
studio.
”可知,
他的两个孩子米拉和凯文,
现在已经长大成人,
加入了手工艺团队——他们父亲的工作室。由此判断出,
米拉和凯文和父亲有共同的兴趣。故选C项。
【词汇积累】
1.
shape.
.
.
into.
.
.
把……塑造为……
2.
property
n.
财产
3.
take
pleasure
in
以……为乐
4.
simplicity
n.
朴素;
简易
5.
integrate
v.
使完整;
使成为整体
B
(2021·邢台模拟)
Stephen
Hawking
was
regarded
as
one
of
the
most
brilliant
physicists
in
history.
His
work
on
the
origins
and
structure
of
the
universe,
from
the
Big
Bang
to
black
holes,
changed
the
field
greatly.
His
best-selling
books
also
appealed
to
a
number
of
readers.
Stephen
Hawking
had
a
challenging
life.
He
was
born
in
England
on
Jan.
8,
1942—300
years
to
the
day
after
the
death
of
the
astronomer
Galileo
Galilei.
He
attended
University
College,
Oxford,
where
he
studied
physics,
despite
his
father’s
urging
to
focus
on
medicine.
Hawking
went
on
to
Cambridge
to
research
cosmology.
In
early
1963,
just
before
his
21st
birthday,
Hawking
suffered
from
a
serious
disease,
more
commonly
known
as
Lou
Gehrig’s
disease.
He
was
not
expected
to
live
more
than
two
years.
Completing
his
doctor’s
degree
did
not
appear
likely.
Yet,
Hawking
had
overcome
the
great
difficulties,
not
only
attaining
his
Ph.
D.
but
also
building
new
roads
into
the
understanding
of
the
universe
in
the
decades
since.
Hawking
continued
at
Cambridge
after
his
graduation,
serving
as
a
research
fellow
and
later
as
a
professional
fellow.
In
1974,
he
was
inducted(正式就职)into
the
Royal
Society,
a
worldwide
fellowship
of
scientists.
In
1979,
he
was
appointed
Lucasian
Professor
of
Mathematics
at
Cambridge,
the
most
famous
academic
chair
in
the
world.
As
the
disease
spread,
Hawking
became
less
mobile
and
began
using
a
wheelchair.
Talking
grew
more
challenging
and,
in
1985,
an
emergency
tracheotomy(气管切开术)caused
his
total
loss
of
speech.
A
speech-generating
device
was
constructed
at
Cambridge,
combined
with
a
software
program,
serving
as
his
electronic
voice
and
allowing
Hawking
to
select
his
words
by
moving
the
muscles
in
his
cheek.
Hawking
died
on
March
14,
2018.
【文章大意】这是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了杰出的物理学家霍金以及与他有关的事宜。
5.
What
greatly
influenced
the
field
Stephen
Hawking
studied?
A.
Stephen
Hawking’s
best-selling
books.
B.
His
research
on
the
Big
Bang
and
black
holes.
C.
Stephen
Hawking’s
talent.
D.
The
origins
and
structure
of
the
universe.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中His
work
on
the
origins
and
structure
of
the
universe,
from
the
Big
Bang
to
black
holes,
changed
the
field
greatly.
“他对宇宙起源和结构的研究,
从大爆炸到黑洞,
极大地改变了这个领域。”由此可知,
他对大爆炸和黑洞的研究极大地影响了斯蒂芬·霍金研究的领域。故选B。
6.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“cosmology”
in
Paragraph
2
mean?
A.
A
study
about
universe.
B.
A
subject
of
medicine.
C.
A
research
on
time.
D.
A
project
in
Cambridge.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段中His
work
on
the
origins
and
structure
of
the
universe,
from
the
Big
Bang
to
black
holes,
changed
the
field
greatly.
“他对宇宙起源和结构的研究,
从大爆炸到黑洞,
极大地改变了这个领域。”可知Hawking
went
on
to
Cambridge
to
research
cosmology.
中的划线词的意思是“对宇宙的研究”。故选A。
7.
What
happened
to
Stephen
Hawking
in
early
1963?
A.
He
became
world
famous.
B.
He
achieved
his
doctor’s
degree.
C.
He
was
badly
affected
by
a
serious
disease.
D.
He
built
new
roads
into
the
understanding
of
the
universe.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句In
early
1963,
just
before
his
21st
birthday,
Hawking
suffered
from
a
serious
disease,
more
commonly
known
as
Lou
Gehrig’s
disease.
“1963年初,
就在霍金21岁生日前夕,
他患上了一种严重的疾病,
即众所周知的卢伽雷氏症。”由此可知,
1963年初,
斯蒂芬?霍金患上了一种严重的疾病。故选C。
8.
How
did
Stephen
Hawking
express
himself
finally?
A.
By
using
body
language.
B.
With
the
help
of
an
operation.
C.
By
using
a
speech-generating
device.
D.
With
the
help
of
some
people.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中A
speech-generating
device
was
constructed
at
Cambridge,
combined
with
a
software
program,
serving
as
his
electronic
voice
and
allowing
Hawking
to
select
his
words
by
moving
the
muscles
in
his
cheek.
“剑桥大学制造了一个语音生成装置,
结合了一个软件程序,
作为霍金的电子声音,
并允许霍金通过移动脸颊上的肌肉来选择词语。”由此可知,
斯蒂芬?霍金最后通过使用语音产生装置来表达自己。故选C。
【难句解读】
1.
He
attended
University
College,
Oxford,
where
he
studied
physics,
despite
his
father’s
urging
to
focus
on
medicine.
分析:
本句是主从复合句。where引导非限制性定语从句,
修饰先行词University
College,
Oxford;
despite
his
father’s.
.
.
medicine是介词短语,
作让步状语。
句意:
他就读于牛津大学学院,
在那里他学习物理,
尽管他父亲极力主张将重点放在医学上。
2.
A
speech-generating
device
was
constructed
at
Cambridge,
combined
with
a
software
program,
serving
as
his
electronic
voice
and
allowing
Hawking
to
select
his
words
by
moving
the
muscles
in
his
cheek.
分析:
本句是简单句。combined
with
a
software
program和serving
as.
.
.
and
allowing
Hawking.
.
.
in
his
cheek是分词作状语。
句意:
剑桥大学制造了一个语音产生装置,
与一个软件程序相结合,
用作他的电子声音,
允许霍金通过移动脸颊上的肌肉来选择词语。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
(2021·石家庄模拟)
When
I
was
young,
I
was
quite
shy
and
wasn’t
great
at
school.
Mrs
Kerswell
was
my
English
teacher.
It’s
hard
to
1
her
exact
age.
When
you’re
a
child,
every
adult
is
2 .
She
must
be
past
middle
age
with
grey
hair
and
a(n)
3
face.
Her
lessons
were
in
a
stress-free
environment.
However,
I
was
really
4 because
I
was
from
a
village
school.
?
I
didn’t
5
anyone.
No
one
from
my
primary
school
went
there.
I
really
struggled
in
my
first
year
to
6 .
Thanks
to
Mrs
Kerswell,
she
was
really
the
sort
of
humorous
teacher,
who
read
materials
just
for
7 .
?
She
managed
to
make
Beowulf
interesting
to
a
number
of
8 .
She
was
key
in
keeping
my
love
of
reading
going.
It
certainly
wasn’t
a
9
thing
for
a
boy
of
that
age
to
love
reading
as
an
entertainment.
Actually,
I
just
treated
it
as
a
learning
task.
?
When
I
was
13,
I
wasn’t
excellent
at
writing.
But
she
allowed
and
10
me
to
write
in
a
natural
way.
Unlike
my
other
teachers,
she
told
me
not
to
use
the
fanciest
11 .
“Writing
is
not
about
flowery
language
but
about
real
communication.
12 ,
you’re
having
a
conversation
on
a
page,
”
she
said.
So
it
made
me
realize
that
I
didn’t
have
to
13
about
it
too
much.
?
I
saw
her
once,
over
10
years
ago.
My
writing
career
was
going
well,
and
she
was
proud
of
my
achievements
and
14
as
a
writer,
and
I
really
15
her
for
keeping
the
fame
on.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者来自一个乡村学校,
所以在中学阶段遇到Mrs
Kerswell时感到紧张。但Mrs
Kerswell的独特的教学方法成功地使许多青少年对Beowulf产生了兴趣。老师允许并鼓励作者以自然的方式写作,
后来作者的写作生涯进展顺利,
他感谢Mrs
Kerswell。
1.
A.
work
out
B.
leave
out
C.
adapt
to
D.
amount
to
【解析】选A。根据空后的her
exact
age“她的确切年龄”可知,
此处指“算出”确切年龄。故选A。
2.
A.
innocent
B.
friendly
C.
old D.
lively
【解析】选C。根据下文的内容She
must
be
past
middle
age“她一定过了中年”可知,
你是个孩子时,
成年人就是“老的”。故选C。
3.
A.
blue
B.
kind
C.
honest
D.
guilty
【解析】选B。
根据下句Her
lessons
were
in
a
stress-free
environment.
“她的课堂让人没有压力。”可知,
这位老师是“和蔼的”。故选B。
4.
A.
relaxed
B.
disappointed
C.
moved
D.
stressed
【解析】选D。根据下文的because
I
was
from
a
village
school“因为我来自一个乡村学校”可知,
作者来自一个乡村学校,
所以上课感到“紧张”。故选D。
5.
A.
guide
B.
adore
C.
know
D.
recommend
【解析】选C。根据下句No
one
from
my
primary
school
went
there.
“我小学的同学没人去那里”可知,
作者对这里的学生都不“认识”。故选C。
6.
A.
search
B.
fit
C.
rest
D.
speak
【解析】选B。
根据上文的because
I
was
from
a
village
school“因为我来自一个乡村学校”可知,
作者要去“适应”新的学校。故选B。
7.
A.
fun
B.
defense
C.
victory
D.
fame
【解析】选A。根据上文的she
was
really
the
sort
of
humorous
teacher
可知,
她只是为了“好玩”而阅读材料。故选A。
8.
A.
writers
B.
celebrities
C.
teenagers
D.
teachers
【解析】选C。根据常识可知学生是十多岁的孩子。
故选C。
9.
A.
flexible
B.
cool
C.
major
D.
painful
【解析】选B。根据下句Actually,
I
just
treated
it
as
a
learning
task.
“实际上,
我只是把它当作一个学习任务。”可知,
作为一个青少年喜欢Beowulf并不是一件“酷的”事情。故选B。
10.
A.
commanded
B.
forbade
C.
warned
D.
encouraged
【解析】选D。根据下文的to
write
in
a
natural
way可知,
老师“鼓励”他这样去写。故选D。
11.
A.
words
B.
dreams
C.
ways
D.
ideas
【解析】选A。根据下句Writing
is
not
about
flowery
language
but
about
real
communication.
“写作不是华丽的语言,
而是真正的交流。”
可知,
此处指写作时所用的“言语”。故选A。
12.
A.
Gradually
B.
Basically
C.
Eventually
D.
Awkwardly
【解析】选B。句意:
从根本上说,
你是在纸上进行对话。Gradually
逐渐地;
Basically从根本上说;
Eventually最后;
Awkwardly笨拙地。故选B。
13.
A.
enquire
B.
hear
C.
worry
D.
doubt
【解析】选C。根据上文的Writing
is
not
about
flowery
language
but
about
real
communication.
可知,
在交流中不必“担忧”言语。故选C。
14.
A.
habit
B.
interest
C.
privilege
D.
reputation
【解析】选D。根据文中的she
was
proud
of
my
achievements和as
a
writer可知,
此处指作者的成就和“声望”。故选D。
15.
A.
thanked
B.
criticized
C.
promoted
D.
dismissed
【解析】选A。句意:
我的写作生涯进展顺利,
她为我作为一名作家的成就和声誉感到骄傲,
我真的感谢她保持了这种声誉。thanked感谢;
criticized批评;
promoted促进;
dismissed开除,
解散。根据空后的for
keeping
the
fame
on可知,
作者要“感谢”老师。故选A。
【难句解读】
1.
Thanks
to
Mrs
Kerswell,
she
was
really
the
sort
of
humorous
teacher,
who
read
materials
just
for
fun.
分析:
本句是含有定语从句的主从复合句。其中she
was
really
the
sort
of
humorous
teacher为主句部分,
who引导非限制性定语从句,
修饰先行词teacher。
句意:
多亏了克斯韦尔夫人,
她真的是那种幽默的老师,
只是为了好玩而阅读材料。
2.
So
it
made
me
realize
that
I
didn’t
have
to
worry
about
it
too
much.
分析:
本句是主从复合句。主句为主谓宾宾补结构。其中that引导的从句为realize的宾语从句。
句意:
所以这让我意识到,
我不用太担心言语。
Ⅲ.
语法填空
(2021·新余模拟)
Austrian
novelist
and
playwright
Peter
Handke
won
the
2019
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature
while
the
2018
award,
which
1.
_______
(delay)
last
year,
went
to
Polish
author
Olga
Tokarczuk.
The
Nobel
Prize
for
Literature
marks
a
first
in
the
award’s
118-year
history
with
two
awards
announced
at
the
same
time.
?
Handke
has
established
himself
as
one
of
the
most
2.
_______
(talent)
writers
in
Europe
after
the
Second
World
War.
His
works
are
filled
with
a
strong
desire
3.
_______
(discover)
things
and
make
his
discoveries
come
to
life
by
finding
new
literary
expressions
for
them,
the
Swedish
Academy
said.
He
4.
_______
(write)
many
novels
in
the
past
decades,
like
Short
Letter,
Long
Farewell,
5.
_______
a
young
Austrian
writer
travels
across
the
United
States
in
search
of
his
wife.
This
novel
is
generally
considered
6.
_______
one
of
Handke’s
typical
confusing
works.
?
Tokarczuk
became
7.
_______
winner
of
the
2018
award
for
a
narrative
(叙事的)
8.
_______
(imagine)
that
represents
the
crossing
of
boundaries
as
a
form
of
life.
Her
first
work
came
out
in
1993,
and
9.
_______
was
believed
that
her
third
novel
Primeval
and
Other
Times
marked
her
major
breakthrough.
In
2018,
she
was
awarded
the
Man
Booker
International
Prize
for
her
novel
Flights,
10.
_______
(become)
the
first
Polish
writer
to
do
so.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了2018年和2019年的两位诺贝尔文学奖得主。
1.
【解析】was
delayed。考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,
这里使用了非限制性定语从句,
先行词是the
2018
award,
从后文句意来看是延迟一年颁发的,
即奖项被延迟,
要用被动语态,
且为一般过去时。故填was
delayed。
2.
【解析】talented。考查形容词。句意:
Handke是二战以后欧洲最具天赋的作家之一。分析句子结构可知,
这里是形容词最高级用法,
空白处要用形容词。故填talented。
3.
【解析】to
discover。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,
这里要用to
discover
things作desire的后置定语。解释其内容,
要用不定式。故填to
discover。
4.
【解析】has
written。考查时态。根据时间状语in
the
past
decades可知,
写小说的动作从10年前开始并一直延续到现在,
要用现在完成时。主语为He。故填has
written。
5.
【解析】where。考查定语从句。分析句意可知,
空白后的句子是在解释前面小说的内容,
考虑定语从句,
后句不缺主宾成分,
结合与先行词的关系应该是缺地点状语,
要用关系副词where。故填where。
6.
【解析】as。考查介词。句意:
这部小说一般被认为是Handke典型的难以理解的作品之一。be
considered
as意为“被认为是……”,
符合文意。故填as。
7.
【解析】the。考查冠词。分析句子可知,
这里的winner
of
the
2018
award“2018年文学奖得主”是特指,
且前文中已提到,
要用定冠词the。故填the。
8.
【解析】imagination。考查名词。这里空白处与冠词a和形容词narrative一同组成名词短语,
要用名词形式。故填imagination。
9.
【解析】it。考查it作形式主语。句意:
她的第一部作品于1993年出版,
人们相信她的第三部小说则标志着重大突破。分析句子结构可知,
被相信的内容是that引导的从句,
是真正的主语,
这里要用形式主语it。故填it。
10.
【解析】becoming。考查非谓语动词。句意:
2018年她被授予布克国际文学奖,
也成为第一个获此殊荣的波兰作家。分析句子结构可知,
become
the
first
Polish
writer作前句的状语,
become与主语she之间是主动关系,
要用现在分词形式。故填becoming。
【加固训练】
读后续写
(2021·山东模拟)
阅读下面材料,
根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,
使之构成一篇完整
的短文。
On
one
sunny
afternoon
in
August,
Riley
and
I
were
over
the
moon
when
Mom
and
Dad
said
we
were
renting
an
RV
for
family
camping
trip
because
our
family
hadn’t
been
out
for
several
months.
Mom
researched
nearby
areas
for
a
long
time
and
finally
zeroed
in
on
a
campground
up
in
the
mountains,
about
five
hours
away
from
our
home.
We
packed
everything
we’d
need—sleeping
bags,
tents,
chairs,
sunscreen,
and
about
a
million
other
things—into
the
RV
and
headed
off
to
the
mountains.
On
the
way,
Riley
and
I
talked
happily
about
what
we
would
do
in
the
evening:
singing,
dancing
around
the
fire,
enjoying
the
moon,
and
a
million
other
things.
Arriving
at
the
campsite,
Dad
drove
past
a
small
office
building
but
then
hit
the
brakes
when
he
saw
someone
run
out
and
wave
for
him
to
stop.
Apparently,
we
needed
to
stop
to
register
for
our
campsite.
After
registering
at
the
front
office,
Dad
drove
the
RV
down
to
the
camping
area
and
parked.
“Riley,
Sean,
you
need
to
help
set
up
the
site,
”
Mom
said.
We
all
pitched
in,
dragging
out
our
camp
chairs,
and
other
supplies,
and
soon
we
were
ready
to
kick
back
and
relax.
Sitting
at
the
picnic
table,
I
opened
a
bag
of
chips.
“Let’s
get
some
music
going,
”
Dad
said.
“Hey,
where’s
the
electrical
hook-up?
”
“Oh,
boy.
”
Mom
said,
“We
are
in
the
tents-only
area,
where
there’s
no
electricity.
We’re
not
even
supposed
to
be
in
this
area
with
an
RV.
”
We
had
no
choice
but
to
choose
another
camping
site.
Twenty
minutes
later,
we’d
broken
camp
and
packed
everything
back
in
the
RV.
Mom
drove
around
the
campgrounds
until
we
spotted
other
RVs
and
then
pulled
to
a
stop.
After
we
unpacked
everything,
I
sniffed
and
was
immediately
slammed
with
the
most
horrible
stench
I’d
ever
smelled
in
my
entire
life.
“We’re
right
near
the
dumpsters!
”
I
groaned.
What
to
do
next?
Again
we
had
no
choice
but
to
find
a
new
one.
注意:
续写词数应为150左右。
We
quickly
shoved
everything
back
into
the
RV,
and
drove
to
a
different
spot.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Dad
finally
laughed
and
said,
“It’s
time
to
start
enjoying
this
camping
trip.
Let’s
get
a
fire
started.
”
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
We
quickly
shoved
everything
back
into
the
RV,
and
drove
to
a
different
spot.
After
making
sure
there
were
no
bad
smells,
or
any
other
problems,
we
unpacked
all
the
things—and
set
up
our
campsite—again.
When
Mom
tried
to
plug
in
the
extension
cord,
she
couldn’t
find
the
electrical
hook-up,
and
that’s
because
it
was
on
the
other
side
of
the
RV!
We’d
parked
in
the
wrong
direction.
Dad
climbed
in
the
RV
and
started
to
turn
it
around.
Pop!
There
must
have
been
a
sharp
rock
because
now
the
RV
had
a
flat
tire.
“What
do
we
do
now—call
for
help?
”
Mom
asked.
Dad
finally
laughed
and
said,
“It’s
time
to
start
enjoying
this
camping
trip.
Let’s
get
a
fire
started.
”
Facing
the
dilemma,
we
had
to
follow
Dad’s
advice.
Quickly,
a
fire
was
started,
and
we
sat
by
it,
relaxing
ourselves
from
a
day’s
exhaustion.
In
the
quiet
mountain,
under
the
starry
sky,
Dad
and
Mom
began
to
sing,
adding
pleasant
music
to
the
unforgettable
night.
Though
we
had
several
setbacks,
it
was
the
best
family
camping
trip
I’ve
ever
had.(共93张PPT)
Unit
2 A
life’s
work
Step
1
诵读经典·渗透文化意识
Ⅰ.
细品味经典文章
Work
and
Pleasure
To
be
really
happy
and
really
safe,
one
ought
to
have
at
least
two
or
three
hobbies,
and
they
must
all
be
real.
It
is
no
use
starting
late
in
life
to
say:
“I
will
take
an
interest
in
this
or
that.
”
Such
an
attempt
only
aggravates
the
strain
of
mental
effort.
A
man
may
acquire
great
knowledge
of
topics
unconnected
with
his
daily
work,
and
yet
hardly
get
any
benefit
or
relief.
It
is
no
use
doing
what
you
like;
you
have
got
to
like
what
you
do.
Broadly
speaking,
human
being
may
be
divided
into
three
classes:
those
who
are
toiled
to
death,
those
who
are
worried
to
death,
and
those
who
are
bored
to
death.
It
is
no
use
offering
the
manual
laborer,
tired
out
with
a
hard
week’s
sweat
and
effort,
the
chance
of
playing
a
game
of
football
or
baseball
on
Saturday
afternoon.
It
is
no
use
inviting
the
politician
or
the
professional
or
business
man,
who
has
been
working
or
worrying
about
serious
things
for
six
days,
to
work
or
worry
about
trifling
things
at
the
weekend.
It
may
also
be
said
that
rational,
industrious,
useful
human
beings
are
divided
into
two
classes:
first,
those
whose
work
is
work
and
whose
pleasure
is
pleasure;
and
secondly,
those
whose
work
and
pleasure
are
one.
Of
these
the
former
are
the
majority.
They
have
their
compensations.
The
long
hours
in
the
office
or
the
factory
bring
with
them
as
their
reward,
not
only
the
means
of
sustenance,
but
a
keen
appetite
for
pleasure
even
in
its
simplest
and
most
modest
forms.
But
fortune’s
favored
children
belong
to
the
second
class.
Their
life
is
a
natural
harmony.
For
them
the
working
hours
are
never
long
enough.
Each
day
is
a
holiday,
and
ordinary
holidays
when
they
come
are
grudged
as
enforced
interruptions
in
an
absorbing
vacation.
Yet
to
both
classes
the
need
of
an
alternative
outlook,
of
a
change
of
atmosphere,
of
a
diversion
of
effort,
is
essential.
Indeed,
it
may
well
be
that
those
whose
work
is
their
pleasure
are
those
who
most
need
the
means
of
banishing
it
at
intervals
from
their
minds.
Ⅱ.
按要求完成任务
1.
写出与话题相关的单词和短语。
_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________?
2.
写出文章中的优美句子。
(1)__________________________________________________________________
(It’s
no
use
doing
sth.
)?
(2)_______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________(it
may
well
be
that
很可能)?
hobby,
benefit,
relief,
be
bored
to
death,
manual
laborer,
politician,
professional,
business
man,
industrious,
harmony,
atmosphere
It
is
no
use
starting
late
in
life
to
say:
“I
will
take
an
interest
in
this
or
that.
”
It
may
well
be
that
those
whose
work
is
their
pleasure
are
those
who
most
need
the
means
of
banishing
it
at
intervals
from
their
minds.
Step
2
固本强基·锻造语言能力
Ⅰ.
重点词汇
1.
polish
v.
擦亮,
擦光
【教材原句】The
only
sound
to
break
the
silence
in
Wang
Jin’s
workshop
is
the
chiming
melody
of
the
repaired
and
polished
clocks.
(P21)打破王津工作间寂静的唯一声音,
就是修理和擦亮的钟表发出的钟鸣声。
【词块必记】
(1)polish
off
击倒;
除掉;
吃/干完
(2)polish
up
擦亮;
改善;
提高
【熟词生义】
It’s
an
honest
book
but
it
hasn’t
been
polished.
(v.
润色)
这本书写得真诚坦率,
但还未经润色。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①She
had
to
polish
___
her
work
before
going
home.
②I’m
going
to
New
York,
so
I
must
polish
___
my
English.
完成句子
off
up
③I
__________________
with
a
handkerchief.
?
我用手帕把纽扣擦亮。
④In
his
spare
time
he
did
all
he
could
to
___________________.
?
他在业余时间努力进修德语。
polished
my
buttons
polish
up
his
German
2.
associate
v.
与……有关
【教材原句】Yet
they
did
not
seek
fame,
and
even
today,
their
great
works
are
associated
more
with
the
imperial
court
than
with
them.
(P23)
然而他们并不追求名利,
即使到了今天,
他们的伟大作品更多地与朝廷有关,
而不是与他们有关。
【词块必记】
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①I
always
associate
her
____
roses.
②In
the
children’s
minds
summer
is
_________
(associate)
with
picnics.
③Have
you
joined
the
teachers’
__________
(associate)?
④I
have
no
association
____
foreigners.
with
associated
association
with
完成句子
⑤She
______________________
having
money.
?
她把幸福和有钱联想到一起。
⑥He
___________________
Mr
Brown
in
business.
?
他和布朗先生在生意上相联系。
【写作金句】
He
is
closely
associated
with
China.
他和中国密切地联系在一起。
associated
happiness
with
is/was
associated
with
3.
comprise
v.
包括,
由……构成
【教材原句】The
main
body
comprises
paragraphs
with
supporting
evidence
and
facts.
(P23)
正文包括支持证据和事实的段落。
【词块必记】
【知识拓展】“由……构成”结构
(1)be
made
up
of
(2)be
composed
of
(3)consist
of(无被动形式)
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①This
month’s
figures
_____________
(comprise)
in
the
total.
?
②A
cricket
team
is
comprised
__
eleven
players.
are
comprised
of
翻译句子
他们的队伍由10名队员组成。
③Their
team
________________________________________________
10
players.
?
完成句子
④The
fishing
fleet
_____________________________.
?
捕鱼船队由大约70艘渔船组成。
consists
of/is
made
up
of/is
composed
of/is
comprised
of
comprises
around/
about
70
boats
【写作金句】
The
committee
comprises
ten
persons.
委员会由10个人组成。
Ⅱ.
核心短语
4.
belong
to
属于
【教材原句】Through
his
fascination
with
what
people
were
wearing,
and
not
who
they
were,
he
opened
the
doors
of
fashion
to
everyone—fashion
as
he
saw
it
belonged
to
the
people,
not
just
to
high
society
and
big
brands.
(P15)
通过他对人们的穿着,
而不是他们的身份的迷恋,
他为每个人打开了时尚的大门——他认为时尚属于人民,
而不仅仅属于上流社会和名牌。
【知识拓展】
(1)belong
+
adv.
/prep
应在某处
(2)belong
to
sb.
属于某人
belong
to
sth.
俱乐部、组织等的成员;
是某族类或纲目的一部分;
属于
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Some
of
the
stamps
belong
__
me,
while
the
rest
are
his
or
hers.
②Lions
and
tigers
belong
__
the
cat
family.
to
to
完成句子
③Where
do
these
plates
______?
这些盘子应该放在哪里?
④Mike
_________
the
English
club.
?
迈克是英语俱乐部的成员。
belong
belongs
to
【写作金句】
The
future
belongs
to
those
who
believe
in
the
beauty
of
their
dream.
未来属于那些相信梦想之美的人。
5.
date
back
追回到;
追溯到
【教材原句】Mr
Wang
and
his
students
spend
their
time
restoring
clocks
dating
back
hundreds
of
years.
(P20)
王先生和他的学生们花时间修理几百年前的钟表。
【词块必记】
date
from=date
back
(to) 追溯到
【知识拓展】
date的用法
(1)out
of
date 过时的;
陈旧的
(2)to
date
至今;
到目前为止
(3)up
to
date
最新的;
时髦的
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Most
of
the
Great
Wall
dates
_____
the
Ming
Dynasty.
②This
castle
dates
back
__
Roman
times.
③I
think
it
wise
to
review
how
much
we’ve
spent
__
date.
④The
regulations
were
out
__
date
and
confusing.
完成句子
⑤Suddenly
she
felt
old
and
__________.
?
她猛然觉得自己老了,
跟不上时代了。
from
to
to
of
out
of
date
Ⅲ.
经典句式
6.
This
devotion
and
hard
work
is
what
we
see
reflected
within
his
photos.
?
我们从他的照片中看到了他的奉献和努力。
【典型例句】
That
is
what
makes
them
so
special.
那就是他们如此特别的原因。
【句型公式】
表语从句
系动词后由that,
what,
when等引导词引导的从句为表语从句。
【知识拓展】that引导的表语从句和what等引导的表语从句的特点
that引导表语从句时,
that无词义,
在从句中不作句子成分,
一般不可以省略。而what,
when,
where等引导表语从句时,
引导词在从句中作相应的句子成分,
有具体含义,
不能省略。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①He
has
become
_____
he
wanted
to
be
ten
years
ago.
②She
has
remained
______
I
stood
yesterday
for
an
hour.
③The
question
is
_____
he
can
arrive
at
the
hotel.
?
完成句子
④That
is
____________________.
?
那就是我想要对你讲的。
what
where
when
what
I
want
to
tell
you
【写作金句】
The
problem
is
how
we
can
get
the
things
we
need.
问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。
【备选要点】
1.
fascination
n.
着迷,
迷恋
【教材原句】Through
his
fascination
with
what
people
were
wearing,
and
not
who
they
were,
he
opened
the
doors
of
fashion
to
everyone—fashion
as
he
saw
it
belonged
to
the
people,
not
just
to
high
society
and
big
brands.
(P15)通过他对人们的穿着,
而不是他们的身份的迷恋,
他为每个人打开了时尚的大门——他认为时尚属于人民,
而不仅仅属于上流社会和名牌。
【词块必记】
【知识拓展】
(1)fascinate v.
使……入迷;
吸引住
(2)fascinated
adj.
着迷的;
入迷的
fascinating
adj.
迷人的
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Old
castles
have
a
certain
strange
__________
(fascinate)
for
me.
②He
was
staring
at
her
_______
fascination.
③The
students
______________
(fascinate)
by
his
ideas.
?
④The
changing
vivid
colors
of
the
sunset
are
really
__________
(fascinate).
fascination
with/in
were
fascinated
fascinating
完成句子
⑤Anything
to
do
with
old
myths
and
legends
____________.
?
任何与上古神话传说有关的东西都会使我着迷。
⑥The
boy
________________all
the
toys
in
the
big
department
store.
?
这个男孩被大百货店里所有的玩具迷住了。
⑦Your
ideas
_______________
me.
?
你的这些主意对我来说很有吸引力。
fascinates
me
was
fascinated
by
are
fascinating
to
2.
trial
n.
试验
【教材原句】
Ruth
managed
to
grow
them
by
much
trial
and
error.
(P17)鲁丝通过不断的尝试和失败,
成功地培育了它们。
【词块必记】
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①The
flier
is
flying
a
new-type
jet
plane
___
trial.
②He
learned
to
cook
___
trial
and
error.
完成句子
③The
product
will
be
_______in
our
laboratory.
?
产品将在我们的实验室进行试验。
④I
finally
found
the
right
key
after
lots
of
_____________.
?
经过反复试验,
我终于找到了正确的方法。
on
by
on
trial
trial
and
error
3.
maximum
n.
最大量,
最大值
adj.
最高的;
最大的
【教材原句】Given
the
complexity
of
the
work
and
the
lack
of
necessary
materials,
this
means
that
each
expert
can
work
on
a
maximum
of
two
large
pieces
a
year.
(P21)
鉴于工作的复杂性和缺乏必要的材料,
这意味着每位专家每年最多可以完成两件大作品。
【词块必记】
(1)a
maximum
of
最大,
最多
(2)maximum
speed
全速
maximum
temperature
最高温度
(3)反义词:
minimum
n.
最小量,
最小值adj.
最小的
【语境速测】
完成句子
①Drivers
must
not
exceed
_____________
55
miles
an
hour.
?
司机不得超过每小时五十五英里的最大时速。
②The
____________________
in
July
may
be
36
degrees
Celsius.
?
七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。
【写作金句】
This
hall
holds
a
maximum
of
seventy
people.
这厅最多容纳七十人。
a
maximum
of
maximum
temperature
4.
think
outside
the
box不拘一格地思考,
跳出框框思考
【教材原句】Together,
they
thought
outside
the
box
and
broke
new
ground,
leading
to
the
breakthrough
of
the
hydrogen
bomb.
(P19)
他们一起打破常规,
开辟了新天地,
使氢弹有了突破。
【知识拓展】think短语
(1)
think
about 考虑;
关心
(2)
think
back
回想;
回忆起
(3)
think
over
仔细考虑
(4)think
twice
重新考虑;
三思
(5)
think
up
想出;
设计出
(6)
think
highly
of
对……有很高的评价
【语境速测】
用适当的介词或副词填空
①I
wish
I
could
think
___
some
ways
of
convincing
them
of
their
mistakes.
②I’ll
think
____
your
suggestions,
and
let
you
know
my
decision
in
a
day
or
two.
?
③Lola
never
thinks
_____
quitting.
完成句子
④We
should
_________________,
because
he
always
puts
others’
interest
first.
?
我们应该对他高度评价,
因为他总是把别人的利益放在首位。
【写作金句】
Think
twice
before
you
do.
三思而后行。
up
over
about
think
highly
of
him
5.
If
it
hadn’t
been
for
a
three-episode
documentary,
outsiders
would
never
have
known
that
the
plainly-dressed
people
working
here
are
masters
of
their
craft,
who
have
spent
their
lives
restoring
precious
antiques.
?
如果不是一部三集的纪录片,
外人永远不会知道,
在这里工作的穿着朴素的人,
是他们手艺的大师,
他们一生都在修复珍贵的古董。
【典型例句】
I
would
have
arrived
much
earlier
if
I
had
not
been
caught
in
the
traffic.
要不是交通堵塞,
我本会来得早一些。
【句型公式】
“if
引导的条件状语从句的虚拟语气”句型
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,
用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,
而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气,
通过句子意思,
看假设的条件是否能够实现。
【知识拓展】
(1)
表示与现在事实相反的情况:
从句:
If+主语+动词的过去式(be用were)+.
.
.
;
主句:
主语+would(could,
should,
might)
+
动词原形。
(2)表示与过去事实相反的情况:
从句:
If
+
主语+had
done.
.
.
;
主句:
主语+would(could,
should,
might)
+
have
done.
.
.
。
(3)表示与将来事实相反的情况:
从句:
If
+
主语
+
should(were
to
)+动词原形.
.
;
主句:
主语+would
(could,
should,
might)
+
动词原形。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Why
didn’t
you
tell
me
about
your
trouble
last
week?
If
you
________(tell)
me,
I
could
have
helped.
?
②If
he
had
come
here
yesterday,
he
______________
(see)
his
old
friend.
?
③If
I
_____
(be)
a
teacher,
I
would
be
strict
with
my
students.
④If
it
___________(snow)tomorrow,
they
couldn’t
go
out.
?
had
told
would
have
seen
were
should
snow
完成句子
⑤______________,
she
would
agree
with
us.
?
如果她在这里,
她会和我们意见一致。
⑥If
he
had
recognized
me,
______________________.
?
如果他认出了我,
他早就过来了。
⑦_________________,
what
would
you
do?
?
如果真的发生了,
你会怎么做?
【写作金句】
If
I
had
one
more
chance,
I
would
say
to
the
girl
“I
love
you”.
如果能再给我一个机会,
我会对那个女孩说:
“我爱你”。
If
she
were
here
he
would
have
come
over
If
it
should
happen
6.
But
for
quite
some
time,
he
and
his
student
Qi
Haonan
used
to
be
the
only
two
people
repairing
timepieces
in
the
Palace
Museum.
?
但在相当长的一段时间里,
他和他的学生亓昊楠曾经是故宫里仅有的两个修钟表的人。
【典型例句】
She
used
to
be
an
English
teacher.
她以前是个英语老师。
【句型公式】
“used
to
do
sth.
”句型
used
to
do
sth.
意为“过去常常做某事”。
(1)其一般疑问句有两种构成方法:
①将used提前至句首,
结构为:
Used
+
主语
+
to
do
sth.
.
.
.
?
②将did提前至句首,
结构为:
Did
+
主语
+
use
to
do
sth.
.
.
.
?
(2)其否定句也有两种构成方式:
①直接在used后面加上not,
也可一起缩写成usedn’t.
结构为:
主语
+
used
not
to
do
sth.
.
.
.
或
主语
+
usedn’t
to
do
sth.
.
.
.
②借助于助动词didn’t,
其结构为:
主语
+
didn’t
use
to
do
sth.
.
.
.
【知识拓展】
(1)be
used
to
doing
sth.
习惯于做某事
(2)be
used
to
do
sth.
被用来做某事
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Tom
used
______
(take)
a
walk
in
the
morning.
?
②They
got
used
to
_____
(live)
in
the
countryside.
③A
metal
bar
was
used
_______(force)
the
door
open.
?
④I
am
used
to
_____
(go)
to
school
by
bike
now
but
I
used
_____(go)
to
school
by
bus.
?
to
take
living
to
force
going
to
go
同义句转换
⑤Used
he
to
get
up
early?
→____________get
up
early?
?
⑥He
used
not
to
get
up
early.
→He
_________get
up
early.
?
→He
___________get
up
early.
?
Did
he
use
to
usedn’t
to
didn’t
use
to
Step
3
强化检测·提升学习能力
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)As
a
result,
she
says,
some
of
the
injuries
_________
(associate)
with
running,
such
as
runner’s
knee,
are
uncommon
among
race
walkers.
2.
(2020·天津高考)Trial
____
error
leads
to
the
finding
of
truth.
3.
(2020·天津高考)I
think
__
one
friend
who
couldn’t
arrange
flowers
to
satisfy
herself.
4.
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)China
has
fueled
the
__________
(fashion)
imagination
for
centuries.
associated
and
of
fashionable
5.
(2019·江苏高考)The
__________
(fascinate)
with
the
ICT
(Information
and
Communication
Technology)
revolution,
represented
by
the
Internet,
has
made
some
rich
countries
wrongly
conclude
that
making
things
is
so
“yesterday”
that
they
should
try
to
live
on
ideas.
fascination
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
The
children
________________
the
toys
in
the
shop
window.
?
孩子们被商店橱窗里的玩具吸引住了。
2.
He
learned
technical
skills
________________.
?
他通过不断摸索掌握技能。
3.
The
fountain
_______________
three
stone
basins.
?
那个喷泉由三个石砌水池组成。
4.
His
suggestion
is
____
we
meet
every
day
after
school
in
the
library.
他的建议是我们每天放学后在图书馆见面。
5.
________________________,
he
would
not
leave
tomorrow.
?
如果他昨天到的话,
明天就不会走了。
were
fascinated
by
by
trial
and
error
was
comprised
of
that
If
he
had
arrived
yesterday
Ⅲ.
语法填空
(2021·青岛模拟)
Nikhil
Kumar
is
one
of
the
best
young
table
tennis
1.
_______
(player)
in
the
United
States.
Less
than
a
month
after
Kumar
won
the
right
2.
_______
(compete)
in
them,
the
Tokyo
2020
Olympic
Games
3.
_______
(put)
off
until
2021.
Like
so
many
other
Olympic
athletes,
he
is
now
trying
to
stay
sharp
and
in
shape.
?
4.
_______
is
different
are
all
the
details
of
his
training.
All
things
considered,
he
says,
everything
seems
to
be
working.
“For
my
sport,
a
little
lucky
that
we’re
able
to
have
everything
indoors,
and
it’s
not
taking
5.
_______
too
much
space
and
everything,
”
Kumar
said.
“Not
many
sports
are
as
lucky
as
ours,
which
have
the
opportunity
to
continue
playing
on
a
daily
basis.
”?
The
2019-nCoV
(新冠病毒)
has
forced
many
athletes
to
be
6.
_______
(create)
as
they
try
to
continue
their
training.
But
in
some
Olympic
sports,
working
from
home
is
fairly
common.
Kumar
has
been
able
to
play
table
tennis
with
a
robot
that
7.
_______
(shoot)
balls
at
him.
?
Everyone
is
facing
issues
during
the
pandemic,
8.
_______
some
competitors
have
been
lucky.
Weightlifter
Kate
Nye
trains
at
home
in
her
garage.
She
said,
“When
everything
kind
of
started
shutting
down,
it
9.
_______
(obvious)
affected
our
lives
in
other
ways—but
weightlifting
wasn’t
one
of
them.
I’ve
just
been
going
as
10.
_______
(plan).
”?
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国最优秀的年轻乒乓球运动员之一Nikhil
Kumar,
如今因为2020年东京奥运会被推迟,
正努力保持敏锐和良好的状态。文章主要说明了他训练细节的不同之处,
以及新冠病毒大流行病迫使许多运动员在继续训练的过程中发挥创造性。
1.
【解析】players。考查名词的数。player为可数名词,
根据上文one
of后跟复数名词,
表示“最……之一”可知应填复数名词。故填players。
2.
【解析】to
compete。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知compete在句中应用非谓语动词形式,
且本句中作名词right的定语应用不定式形式。the
right
to
do
sth.
做某事的权利。故填to
compete。
3.
【解析】was
put。考查动词的时态和语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,
且事情发生在过去应用一般过去时,
主语为the
Tokyo
2020
Olympic
Games,
谓语动词应用单数。故填was
put。
4.
【解析】What。考查连接词。句意:
不同的是他训练的所有细节。本句为主语从句,
从句中缺少主语,
且指物,
结合句意可知应用what,
句首单词首字母要大写。故填What。
5.
【解析】up。考查介词。句意:
对我的运动来说,
很幸运的是所有的东西我们都能在室内摆放,
而且不占太多空间。结合句意表示“占据”短语为take
up。故填up。
6.
【解析】creative。考查形容词。根据上文be可知应填形容词creative作表语,
表示“创造性的”。故填creative。
7.
【解析】shoots。考查主谓一致。定语从句修饰先行词robot,
从句中谓语动词应与先行词保持一致,
且此处描述客观事实应用一般现在时,
故谓语应用第三人称单数。故填shoots。
8.
【解析】but。考查连词。句意:
在大流行病期间,
每个人都面临着问题,
但一些竞争对手很幸运。结合上下文语境可知为转折关系,
应用but。故填but。
9.
【解析】obviously。考查副词。修饰动词affected应用副词obviously,
表示“明显地”。故填obviously。
10.
【解析】planned。考查非谓语动词。句意:
我只是按计划行事。表示“按计划”短语为as
planned
=
as
it
was
planned,
“as
+
过去分词”这一特殊结构,
相当于as
it
is/was
done。故填planned。
直击高考·培养思维品质
Ⅰ.
话题与阅读理解
(2020·天津高考阅读理解D)
After
years
of
observing
human
nature,
I
have
decided
that
two
qualities
make
the
difference
between
men
of
great
achievement
and
men
of
average
performance:
curiosity
and
discontent.
I
have
never
known
an
outstanding
man
who
lacked
either.
And
I
have
never
known
an
average
man
who
had
both.
The
two
belong
together.
Together,
these
deep
human
urges
(驱策力)
count
for
much
more
than
ambition.
Galileo
was
not
merely
ambitious
when
he
dropped
objects
of
varying
weights
from
the
Leaning
Tower
at
Pisa
and
timed
their
fall
to
the
ground.
Like
Galileo,
all
the
great
names
in
history
were
curious
and
asked
in
discontent,
“Why?
Why?
Why?
”
Fortunately,
curiosity
and
discontent
don’t
have
to
be
learned.
We
are
born
with
them
and
need
only
recapture
them.
“The
great
man,
”
said
Mencius
(孟子),
“is
he
who
does
not
lose
his
child’s
heart.
”
Yet
most
of
us
do
lose
it.
We
stop
asking
questions.
We
stop
challenging
custom.
We
just
follow
the
crowd.
And
the
crowd
desires
only
the
calm
and
restful
average.
It
encourages
us
to
occupy
our
own
little
corner,
to
avoid
foolish
leaps
into
the
dark,
to
be
satisfied.
Most
of
us
meet
new
people,
and
new
ideas,
with
hesitation.
But
once
having
met
and
liked
them,
we
think
how
terrible
it
would
have
been,
had
we
missed
the
chance.
We
will
probably
have
to
force
ourselves
to
waken
our
curiosity
and
discontent
and
keep
them
awake.
How
should
you
start?
Modestly,
so
as
not
to
become
discouraged.
I
think
of
one
friend
who
couldn’t
arrange
flowers
to
satisfy
herself.
She
was
curious
about
how
the
experts
did
it.
Now
she
is
one
of
the
experts,
writing
books
on
flower
arrangement.
One
way
to
begin
is
to
answer
your
own
excuses.
You
haven’t
any
special
ability?
Most
people
don’t;
there
are
only
a
few
geniuses.
You
haven’t
any
time?
That’s
good,
because
it’s
always
the
people
with
no
time
who
get
things
done.
Harriet
Stowe,
mother
of
six,
wrote
parts
of
Uncle
Tom’s
Cabin
while
cooking.
You’re
too
old?
Remember
that
Thomas
Costain
was
57
when
he
published
his
first
novel,
and
that
Grandma
Moses
showed
her
first
pictures
when
she
was
78.
However
you
start,
remember
there
is
no
better
time
to
start
than
right
now,
for
you’ll
never
be
more
alive
than
you
are
at
this
moment.
【文章大意】本文为议论文,
首段给出核心论点:
伟大的人物会同时拥有两种品质——好奇心和永不满足的精神。后文围绕如何拥有好奇心和不满足的精神展开讨论,
通过多次举例和引用的写作手法,
突出两者的重要性并启发人们现在就行动起来去重拾我们与生俱来但是又被隐藏起来的好奇心和不满足的探索的精神。
1.
In
writing
Paragraph
1,
the
author
aims
to
_______.
?
A.
propose
a
definition
B.
make
a
comparison
C.
reach
a
conclusion
D.
present
an
argument
【解析】选D。写作意图题。本题询问第一段的写作意图。由题干定位第一段,
由议论文文体来看,
首先我们能大致猜测首段引出议论话题,
给出作者的论点;
其次通读第一段,
主要内容是:
作者在多年的观察后发现普通人和有卓越成就的人的区别就在于后者会同时拥有两种品质,
即后文主要讨论说明的论点,
即首段是为了引出作者要阐明的话题和自己的观点,
故选D“提出论点”。
2.
What
does
the
example
of
Galileo
tell
us?
A.
Trial
and
error
leads
to
the
finding
of
truth.
B.
Scientists
tend
to
be
curious
and
ambitious.
C.
Creativity
results
from
challenging
authority.
D.
Greatness
comes
from
a
lasting
desire
to
explore.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。本题询问Galileo的例子的作用是什么。由题干中Galileo定位第二段,
Like
Galileo,
all
the
great
names
in
history
were
curious
and
asked
in
discontent,
“Why?
Why?
Why?
”说明Galileo
的事例给我们的启示就是要保持好奇和永不满足的心去问为什么。故选择D“伟大来自永久探索的欲望”。
3.
What
can
you
do
to
recapture
curiosity
and
discontent?
A.
Observe
the
unknown
around
you.
B.
Develop
a
questioning
mind.
C.
Lead
a
life
of
adventure.
D.
Follow
the
fashion.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。本题询问如何重拾好奇心和永不满足的精神。由题干动词recapture定位第三段和第四段,
“We
are
born
with
them
and
need
only
recapture
them.
”说明我们生来就有这两种品质。“The
great
man,
”
said
Mencius,
“is
he
who
does
not
lose
his
child’s
heart.
”
Yet
most
of
us
do
lose
it.
We
stop
asking
questions.
We
stop
challenging
custom.
说明我们像小时候那样多问、多质疑,
即可重拾好奇心和永不满足的精神。故选择B“培养好问思维”。
4.
What
can
we
learn
from
Paragraphs
6
and
7?
A.
Gaining
success
helps
you
become
an
expert.
B.
The
genius
tends
to
get
things
done
creatively.
C.
Lack
of
talent
and
time
is
no
reason
for
taking
no
action.
D.
You
should
remain
modest
when
approaching
perfection.
【解析】选C。段落大意题。本题询问两段的段落大意和给人的启示。由题干定位第六段和第七段,
第七段前几句One
way
to
begin
is
to
answer
your
own
excuses.
You
haven’t
any
special
ability?
.
.
.
You
haven’t
any
time?
.
.
.
说明人们说没时间没天赋其实都是借口,
只要真心想做,
一切都能从现在开始做到,
借此告诉人们成为优秀的人就是不要给自己找借口。故选择C“缺乏天赋和时间不是不行动的借口”。
5.
What
could
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Curious
Minds
Never
Feel
Contented
B.
Reflections
on
Human
Nature
C.
The
Keys
to
Achievement
D.
Never
Too
Late
to
Learn
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本题询问文章标题。根据本文首段提出的有卓越成就的人所具备的两种品质和文中主体段落通过举例、引用等方式告诫人们要行动起来重拾这两种品质和文末“there
is
no
better
time
to
start
than
right
now”再次强调现在就行动,
表明作者对读者的督促和提醒。故选C“成就的秘诀”。
微技能点拨 细节理解题的解题方法
细节理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩,
从阅读材料中可以找到。
本文中第3题,
根据策略解题如下:
Step
1 准确定位:
由题干动词recapture定位第三段和第四段。
Step
2 寻找关键信息:
“We
are
born
with
them
and
need
only
recapture
them.
”说明我们生来就有这两种品质。“The
great
man,
”
said
Mencius,
“is
he
who
does
not
lose
his
child’s
heart.
”
Yet
most
of
us
do
lose
it.
We
stop
asking
questions.
We
stop
challenging
custom.
说明我们像小时候那样多问、多质疑,
即可重拾好奇心和永不满足的精神。
Step
3 比较选项找最佳:
A.
注意观察你周围的未知事物;
B.
培养一种质疑的心态;
C.
过一种冒险的生活;
D.
跟上潮流。故选B项。
语用提能
话题词汇
achievement,
curiosity,
outstanding,
ambition,
challenge,
ability,
短语句式
make
the
difference,
encourage
sb.
to
do
sth.
,
count
for,
with
hesitation,
having
done,
miss
the
chance,
keep.
.
.
awake,
satisfy
oneself,
be
curious
about,
get.
.
.
done,
熟词新义
time
v.
为……计时
leap
n.
急变
【微阅读填句】
(2020·天津高考阅读理解D改编)
After
years
of
observing
human
nature,
I
have
decided
that
two
qualities
make
the
difference
between
men
of
great
achievement
and
men
of
average
performance:
curiosity
and
discontent.
1 And
I
have
never
known
an
average
man
who
had
both.
The
two
belong
together.
?
Together,
these
deep
human
urges
(驱策力)
count
for
much
more
than
ambition.
Galileo
was
not
merely
ambitious
when
he
dropped
objects
of
varying
weights
from
the
Leaning
Tower
at
Pisa
and
timed
their
fall
to
the
ground.
2
?
Fortunately,
curiosity
and
discontent
don’t
have
to
be
learned.
We
are
born
with
them
and
need
only
recapture
them.
“The
great
man,
”
said
Mencius
(孟子),
“is
he
who
does
not
lose
his
child’s
heart.
”
3
We
stop
asking
questions.
We
stop
challenging
custom.
We
just
follow
the
crowd.
And
the
crowd
desires
only
the
calm
and
restful
average.
It
encourages
us
to
occupy
our
own
little
corner,
to
avoid
foolish
leaps
into
the
dark,
to
be
satisfied.
?
Most
of
us
meet
new
people,
and
new
ideas,
with
hesitation.
But
once
having
met
and
liked
them,
we
think
how
terrible
it
would
have
been,
had
we
missed
the
chance.
We
will
probably
have
to
force
ourselves
to
waken
our
curiosity
and
discontent
and
keep
them
awake.
How
should
you
start?
Modestly,
so
as
not
to
become
discouraged.
I
think
of
one
friend
who
couldn’t
arrange
flowers
to
satisfy
herself.
4
Now
she
is
one
of
the
experts,
writing
books
on
flower
arrangement.
?
One
way
to
begin
is
to
answer
your
own
excuses.
You
haven’t
any
special
ability?
5
You
haven’t
any
time?
That’s
good,
because
it’s
always
the
people
with
no
time
who
get
things
done.
Harriet
Stowe,
mother
of
six,
wrote
parts
of
Uncle
Tom’s
Cabin
while
cooking.
You’re
too
old?
Remember
that
Thomas
Costain
was
57
when
he
published
his
first
novel,
and
that
Grandma
Moses
showed
her
first
pictures
when
she
was
78.
?
However
you
start,
remember
there
is
no
better
time
to
start
than
right
now,
for
you’ll
never
be
more
alive
than
you
are
at
this
moment.
A.
Yet
most
of
us
do
lose
it.
B.
We
stop
asking
questions.
C.
She
was
curious
about
how
the
experts
did
it.
D.
Most
people
don’t;
there
are
only
a
few
geniuses.
E.
We
are
born
with
them
and
need
only
recapture
them.
F.
I
have
never
known
an
outstanding
man
who
lacked
either.
G.
Like
Galileo,
all
the
great
names
in
history
were
curious
and
asked
in
discontent,
“Why?
Why?
Why?
”
答案:
1～5.
FGACD
Ⅱ.
话题与写作
(2021·榆林模拟)
假定你是李明,
你的新西兰朋友Steven向你了解中国抗击新冠肺炎(COVID-19)的成就。请你根据下列要点给他回复一封电子邮件。
1.
英明的领导做出的正确决定;
2.
强有力的政府给病人免费治疗;
3.
专业敬职的医生和配合的人民。
Ⅱ.
话题与写作
(2021·榆林模拟)
假定你是李明,
你的新西兰朋友Steven向你了解中国抗击新冠肺炎(COVID-19)的成就。请你根据下列要点给他回复一封电子邮件。
1.
英明的领导做出的正确决定;
2.
强有力的政府给病人免费治疗;
3.
专业敬职的医生和配合的人民。
注意:
1.
词数80左右;
2.
可适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯;
3.
开头和结尾已经给出,
但不计入总词数。
参考词汇:
lock
down封城;
free
medication免费医疗;
specialized
and
dedicated专业敬职
Step
1 写作技巧
①句式多变
(定语从句的运用)
In
just
two
months,
the
world
has
seen
the
miracle.
The
miracle
appears
in
China.
→In
just
two
months,
the
world
has
seen
the
miracle
___________________.
?
②词汇提升(词汇优先)
At
last,
we
have
very
cooperative
people,
who
are
willing
to
do
whatever
they
are
instructed
to
by
the
government.
→______,
we
have
very
cooperative
people,
who
are
willing
to
do
whatever
they
are
instructed
to
by
the
government.
③修辞多元(比喻的用法)
We
have
been
experiencing
the
things
in
China.
They
are
part
of
our
glory
history.
→What
we
have
been
experiencing
in
China
___________________________.
that
appears
in
China
Lastly
will
be
part
of
our
glory
history
?Step
2 妙笔成篇
Dear
Steven,
I’m
glad
to
receive
your
letter
asking
for
how
successful
China
is
in
struggling
against
COVID-19.
Thank
you
for
your
concern.
We
won
the
battle.
In
just
two
months,
the
world
has
seen
the
miracle
that
appears
in
China.
How
have
we
done
it?
Firstly,
we
have
outstanding
leaders,
who
made
wise
decisions
without
delay.
Wuhan,
the
hardest-hit
city,
was
locked
down
before
virus
got
spread
further.
Secondly,
we
have
powerful
and
effective
government.
Local
officials,
community
workers
and
volunteers
visited
every
family
in
the
city
to
find
the
suspected
patients
and
gave
them
free
medication.
Thirdly,
we
have
very
specialized
and
dedicated
doctors,
whose
moving
stories
will
be
told
forever.
Lastly,
we
have
very
cooperative
people,
who
are
willing
to
do
whatever
they
are
instructed
to
by
the
government.
What
we
have
been
experiencing
in
China
will
be
part
of
our
glory
history.
Best
wishes.
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Ming
【加固训练】语法填空
(2021·太原模拟)
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After
college
I
wanted
to
make
a
difference
in
the
world,
so
I
became
a
volunteer
teacher
and
1.
_______
(send)
to
Namibia.
Honestly,
my
first
choice
wasn’t
Africa,
but
I
am
extremely
grateful
that
I
had
the
chance.
So
with
a
group
of
2.
_______
(equal)
eager
young
graduates
I
went
on
my
journey.
?
Schools
were
quite
bare,
and
the
students
3.
_______
(have)
tiring
days,
walking
miles
to
get
to
school
often
barefoot.
With
their
mountains
4.
_______
work
at
home,
few
5.
_______
(possession)
and
little
opportunity,
these
children
were
joyful,
which
I
admired.
?
This
6.
_______
(be)
my
first
time
living
abroad
in
a
different
culture,
simply
getting
used
to
the
living
conditions
was
7.
_______
big
adjustment.
I
had
no
electricity,
running
water,
phone
or
the
Internet;
imagine
no
air-conditioning
at
a
place
8.
_______
the
temperature
often
goes
beyond
38
degrees
Celsius!
Some
days
it
was
just
too
hot
to
move.
?
However,
I
could
end
each
day
with
a
9.
_______(glory)
African
sunset.
And
at
night,
I
had
a
light-pollution-free
view
of
the
entire
Milky
Way.
Before
Namibia,
I
never
thought
I
would
survive
in
such
an
environment.
My
experience
awakened
me
to
not
only
the
limitations
10.
_______
(place)
on
ourselves,
but
also
our
amazing
ability
to
adapt.
Stepping
out
of
your
comfort
zone
in
another
culture
will
certainly
make
your
life
worthwhile.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍作者大学毕业后到非洲当志愿者老师的经历,
以及作者的感悟。
1.
【解析】was
sent。考查时态和语态。句意:
大学毕业后,
我想改变世界,
所以我成为了一名志愿教师,
并被派往纳米比亚。语境叙述过去的经历,
用一般过去时,
主语I与send为被动关系。故填was
sent。
2.
【解析】equally。考查副词。句意:
因此,
和一群同样热切的年轻毕业生……所给词在句中修饰形容词eager,
此时用副词equally表示“同样地”。故填equally。
3.
【解析】had。考查时态。句意:
学校里光秃秃的,
学生们整天都很累,
常常光着脚走好几英里路去上学。由“Schools
were
quite
bare”可知,
这里用一般过去时叙述过去发生的动作。故填had。
4.
【解析】of。考查介词。句意:
家里堆积如山的工作、财富和机会都很少,
这些孩子都很快乐,
我很羡慕他们。mountains
of构成的介词短语表示“堆积如山的”。故填of。
5.
【解析】possessions。考查名词复数。句意:
家里堆积如山的工作、财富和机会都很少,
这些孩子都很快乐,
我很羡慕他们。few修饰名词复数形式。故填possessions。
6.
【解析】being。考查独立主格结构。句意:
这是我第一次生活在一个不同的文化,
仅仅适应生活条件是一个很大的调整。这里两个句子之间没有连词,
因此这里使用独立主格结构,
本空提示词与主语this之间为主动关系,
因此填其ing形式。故填being。
7.
【解析】a。考查冠词。句意:
这是我第一次生活在一个不同的文化,
仅仅适应生活条件是一个很大的调整。这里表示“一个很大的适应过程”,
表示泛指,
且big首字母的发音为辅音音素,
所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
8.
【解析】where。考查关系副词。句意:
我没有电,
没有自来水,
没有电话,
也没有互联网,
想象一下在一个温度经常超过38摄氏度的地方没有空调!
分析句子结构可知,
这里place为先行词,
后面的关系词在从句中作状语表示地点,
因此填where。
9.
【解析】glorious。考查形容词。句意:
然而,
我可以用非洲壮丽的日落来结束每一天。这里用形容词glorious作定语表示“美丽的,
灿烂的”。故填glorious。
10.
【解析】placed。考查非谓语动词。句意:
我的经历不仅让我意识到我们自身的局限性,
也让我意识到我们惊人的适应能力。这里用过去分词作定语,
表示“被安放在我们自己身上的限制”。故填placed。
