(共56张PPT)
三十一 选择性必修 第三册 Unit
1 Face
values
(限时35分钟)
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
(2021·厦门模拟)
A
I
recently
heard
a
story
about
a
famous
research
scientist
who
had
made
several
very
important
medical
achievements.
A
newspaper
reporter
interviewed
him
why
he
was
able
to
be
so
much
more
creative
than
the
average
person.
What
set
him
so
far
apart
from
others?
He
responded
that
it
all
came
from
an
experience
with
his
mother
that
occurred
when
he
was
about
two
years
old.
He
had
been
trying
to
remove
a
bottle
of
milk
from
the
refrigerator
when
he
dropped
the
slippery
bottle,
spilling
its
contents
all
over
the
kitchen
floor—a
real
sea
of
milk!
When
his
mother
came
into
the
kitchen,
instead
of
shouting
at
him,
giving
him
a
lecture
or
punishing
him,
she
said,
“Robert,
what
a
great
and
wonderful
mess
you
have
made!
I
have
rarely
seen
such
a
huge
pool
of
milk.
Well,
the
damage
has
already
been
done.
Would
you
like
to
get
down
and
play
in
the
milk
for
a
few
minutes
before
we
clean
it
up?
”
Indeed,
the
boy
did.
After
a
few
minutes,
his
mother
said,
“You
know,
Robert,
whenever
you
make
a
mess
like
this,
eventually
you
have
to
clean
it
up
and
restore
everything
to
its
proper
order.
How
would
you
like
to
do
that?
We
could
use
a
sponge
(海绵),
a
towel
or
a
mop.
Which
do
you
prefer?
”
He
chose
the
sponge
and
together
they
cleaned
up
the
spilled
milk.
His
mother
then
said,
“You
know,
what
we
have
here
is
a
failed
experiment
in
how
to
effectively
carry
a
big
milk
bottle
with
two
tiny
hands.
Let’s
go
out
in
the
back
yard
and
fill
the
bottle
with
water
and
see
if
you
can
find
a
way
to
carry
it
without
dropping
it.
”
The
little
boy
learned
that
if
he
grasped
the
bottle
at
the
top
near
the
lip
with
both
hands,
he
could
make
it.
What
a
wonderful
lesson!
This
famous
scientist
then
said
that
it
was
at
that
moment
that
he
knew
he
didn’t
need
to
be
afraid
to
make
mistakes.
【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个科学家在小的时候不小心在厨房里打翻了牛奶,
但是妈妈充满智慧的做法使他明白如何面对错误,
解决问题。
1.
When
the
mother
found
the
kitchen
floor
covered
with
milk,
she
_______.
?
A.
gave
the
boy
a
lecture
instead
of
shouting
at
him
B.
praised
the
boy
instead
of
punishing
him
C.
felt
satisfied
with
the
boy’s
trying
to
help
himself
D.
calmed
down
the
boy
and
helped
him
find
a
way
to
clean
the
floor
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段When
his
mother
came
into
the
kitchen,
instead
of
shouting
at
him,
giving
him
a
lecture
or
punishing
him以及后面的妈妈提议Would
you
like
to
get
down
and
play
in
the
milk
for
a
few
minutes
before
we
clean
it
up?
可知,
妈妈见到他打翻牛奶后,
并没有吼叫,
也没有给他一个教训或者是惩罚他,
而是帮助他想办法打扫干净地面。故选D项。
2.
The
child’s
experience
resulted
in
the
following
BUT
_______.
?
A.
offering
the
boy
a
chance
to
grasp
the
bottle
B.
benefiting
the
boy
all
his
life
C.
helping
the
boy
be
more
creative
D.
making
the
boy
realize
the
mistake
is
of
value
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,
一个科学家打翻牛奶一事让他受益一生,
妈妈鼓励他寻找解决方法让他变得更有创造性,
以及最后一句This
famous
scientist
then
said
that
it
was
at
that
moment
that
he
knew
he
didn’t
need
to
be
afraid
to
make
mistakes.
说明犯错误并不可怕,
错误是很有价值的,
A项“给那个男孩一个抓住瓶子的机会”并不是男孩经历导致的结果。故选A项。
3.
According
to
the
passage,
the
way
the
scientist’s
mother
used
is
_______.
?
A.
instructive
B.
strict
C.
formal
D.
strange
【解析】选A。推理判断题。结合全文,
本文科学家的妈妈没有直接批评孩子,
而是让他改正错误,
并寻找最佳的解决办法,
这是教育孩子的一种良好方式,
她处理问题的方式是很有教育性的。故选A项。
【词汇积累】
achievement
n.
成就
creative
adj.
创造的,
创造性的
experience
n.
经历
effectively
adv.
事实上;
有效地
make
mistakes
犯错误
B
(2021·银川模拟)
Deciding
to
get
her
money’s
worth
out
of
the
wedding
dress
on
which
she
spent
over
$1,
000,
an
Australian
woman
has
been
wearing
her
wedding
dress,
a
year
after
her
wedding.
43-year-old
Tammy
Hall
adopted
a
new
lifestyle—anti-consumerism
(反消费主义)
lifestyle
in
2016,
after
a
trip
to
India
opened
her
eyes
to
how
much
we
as
a
society
consumed.
She
decided
not
to
buy
any
new
clothes
or
footwear
for
a
whole
year
after
she
returned
home
to
Adelaide,
in
Southern
Australia,
and
she
managed
to
make
it.
But
last
year,
as
her
wedding
day
approached,
she
faced
a
dilemma.
She
wanted
to
look
good
on
the
most
important
day
of
her
life,
but
how
could
she
spend
a
small
fortune
on
the
wedding
dress
she
would
only
wear
on
that
day?
“In
the
end
I
decided
that
if
I
was
going
to
get
a
wedding
dress,
I’d
make
sure
I
could
get
my
money’s
worth,
”
Hall
tells
PA
Real
Life.
“The
first
time
I
wore
it
after
the
wedding
was
to
vote
in
the
Australian
election
in
early
2019,
”
the
43-year-old
adds.
“Since
then,
it’s
been
to
all
sorts
of
places.
Wearing
it
on
a
crowded
train
was
especially
funny,
but
I’ve
worn
it
to
do
housework,
to
football
games
and
to
the
gym.
”
Hall
says
that
she
has
gotten
some
strange
looks
from
people,
but
no
irritating
comments.
It
may
have
something
to
do
with
the
fact
that
the
dress
is
not
the
fanciest,
but
she
believes
people
are
just
too
reserved
to
say
anything.
Anyway,
she
doesn’t
really
care,
because
she
knows
she
has
to
hit
the
goal
she
has
set
and
wearing
the
dress
multiple
times
is
the
most
reasonable
way
she
could
think
of
to
make
the
most
of
her
wedding
dress.
Hall
now
plans
to
wear
her
wedding
dress
on
a
trip
to
Iceland
that
she
and
her
partner
will
take
next
summer.
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一位反消费主义观念的澳大利亚妇女,
为了避免浪费,
结婚后一直穿婚纱做各种事,
她认为多次穿上这件婚纱是利用婚纱最合理的方式。
4.
Why
did
Tammy
Hall
adopt
a
new
lifestyle?
A.
To
adapt
herself
to
Indian
life.
B.
To
cut
down
her
consumption.
C.
To
save
money
for
her
next
trip.
D.
To
get
prepared
for
her
wedding.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由题干关键词Tammy
Hall和a
new
lifestyle可将答案定位到第二段。由第二段的句子“43-year-old
Tammy
Hall
adopted
a
new
lifestyle—anti-consumerism
lifestyle
in
2016,
after
a
trip
to
India
opened
her
eyes
to
how
much
we
as
a
society
consumed.
”和“She
decided
not
to
buy
any
new
clothes
or
footwear
for
a
whole
year
after
she
returned
home
to
Adelaide”可知,
43岁的Tammy
Hall在2016年接受了一种新的生活方式——反消费主义,
因为此前一次印度之行让她看到了我们这个社会消费了多少东西,
回到Adelaide后,
她决定一整年不买任何新衣服或新鞋,
说明她认为社会存在过度消费,
所以接受反消费主义并缩减消费。所以塔米·霍尔采取了一种新的生活方式是为了减少消费。故选B项。
5.
What
did
Tammy
Hall
do
to
get
her
money’s
worth
out
of
her
wedding
dress?
A.
She
brought
fun
to
people
with
it.
B.
She
tried
to
wear
it
to
earn
money.
C.
She
wore
it
repeatedly
in
daily
life.
D.
She
got
it
exchanged
again
and
again.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第四段的句子“I’d
make
sure
I
could
get
my
money’s
worth”和第五段的句子“The
first
time
I
wore
it
after
the
wedding
was
to
vote
in
the
Australian
election
in
early
2019,
”和“Since
then,
it’s
been
to
all
sorts
of
places.
Wearing
it
on
a
crowded
train
was
especially
funny,
but
I’ve
worn
it
to
do
housework,
to
football
games
and
to
the
gym.
”可知,
为了确保从婚纱中得到价值,
婚礼后她穿婚纱去2019年初的澳大利亚大选中投票,
从那以后,
她穿婚纱去过各种各样的地方,
在拥挤的火车上穿它特别有趣,
穿它做家务、去看足球赛和去健身房;
故可知Tammy
Hall在日常生活中穿婚纱。故选C项。
6.
Which
of
the
following
best
explains
the
underlined
word
“irritating”
in
Paragraph
6?
A.
Thrilling.
B.
Annoying.
C.
Amusing.
D.
Confusing.
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。由倒数第二段的句子“Hall
says
that
she
has
gotten
some
strange
looks
from
people,
but
no
irritating
comments.
It
may
have
something
to
do
with
the
fact
that
the
dress
is
not
the
fanciest,
but
she
believes
people
are
just
too
reserved
to
say
anything.
”可知,
可能是与这件衣服不是最华丽的有关,
但Tammy
Hall认为是人们太拘谨了以致什么也说不出来,
人们并未发表什么使人恼怒的评论,
只是有一些奇怪的表情,
所以此处irritating意为“令人恼怒的”。故选B项。
7.
What
can
we
infer
about
Tammy
Hall?
A.
She
is
determined
to
turn
her
ideas
into
practice.
B.
She
values
her
wedding
dress
less
than
her
trips.
C.
She
has
been
struggling
to
make
the
ends
meet.
D.
She
has
influenced
people’s
lifestyle
widely.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第二段的句子“She
decided
not
to
buy
any
new
clothes
or
footwear
for
a
whole
year
after
she
returned
home
to
Adelaide,
in
Southern
Australia,
and
she
managed
to
make
it.
”(回到Adelaide后,
她决定一整年
不买任何新衣服或新鞋,
并做到了),
第四段的句子“In
the
end
I
decided
that
if
I
was
going
to
get
a
wedding
dress,
I’d
make
sure
I
could
get
my
money’s
worth”(最
后我决定,
如果我要买一件婚纱,
我会确保我能得到钱的价值)——在第五段用
天天穿婚纱的行动做到了和倒数第二段的句子“Anyway,
she
doesn’t
really
care,
because
she
knows
she
has
to
hit
the
goal
she
has
set
and
wearing
the
dress
multiple
times
is
the
most
reasonable
way
she
could
think
of
to
make
the
most
of
her
wedding
dress.
”(不管怎么说,
她其实并不在乎,
因为她知道自己必须达到自己设定的目标,
而多次穿上这件婚纱是她能想到的最合理的方式,
才能最大限度地利用自己的婚纱。)由此推断出Tammy
Hall是一个能把想法付诸实践的人。故选A项。
【难句解读】
1.
In
the
end
I
decided
that
if
I
was
going
to
get
a
wedding
dress,
I’d
make
sure
I
could
get
my
money’s
worth.
分析:
本句是主从复合句。that引导宾语从句;
该从句也是主从复合句,
其中if引导条件状语从句;
make
sure后是省略引导词that的宾语从句。
句意:
最后我决定,
如果我要买一件婚纱,
我要确保我的钱花得物有所值。
2.
Anyway,
she
doesn’t
really
care,
because
she
knows
she
has
to
hit
the
goal
she
has
set
and
wearing
the
dress
multiple
times
is
the
most
reasonable
way
she
could
think
of
to
make
the
most
of
her
wedding
dress.
分析:
本句是主从复合句。because引导原因状语从句;
该从句也是主从复合句,
其中knows后是省略引导词that的宾语从句;
该从句也是主从复合句,
she
has
set是省略关系词that/which的定语从句;
wearing
the
dress
multiple
times是动名词作主语;
she
could
think
of是省略关系词that的定语从句。
句意:
不管怎样,
她并不在乎,
因为她知道她必须达到她设定的目标,
多次穿这件婚纱是她能想到的充分利用它的最合理的方式。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
For
many
of
us,
there’s
nothing
better
than
burying
our
head
in
a
good
book.
1
Maybe
that’s
why
some
of
them
are
actually
being
prescribed
as
a
remedy
to
sickness.
?
2
It
can
be
educational,
and,
as
some
say,
it
can
“broaden
the
mind”.
A
good
novel
can
make
us
happy
or
sad,
or
make
us
cry
as
we
empathise
with
characters.
The
power
of
books
was
recognised
a
few
years
ago
by
the
British
charity
Reading
Agency,
who
published
a
list
of
books
that
doctors
could
offer
to
patients.
?
Professor
Philip
Davis
studies
the
effects
of
literature
at
Liverpool
University
and
is
author
of
a
book
called
Reading
for
Life.
3
He
told
the
BBC
that
when
reading
something
for
pleasure,
“.
.
.
the
brain
begins
to
work
from
different
parts,
from
a
different
hemisphere
and
it
gets
excited,
it
gets
pre-emotional—
and
you
can
see
the
brain
coming
to
life.
”?
Of
course,
it’s
easy
in
our
smartphone
generation
to
ditch
a
good
book
and
fiddle
with
our
phones
instead.
But
opening
up
a
paperback
could
be
a
simple
way
to
help
boost
or
maintain
our
mental
health.
4
And
they
may
allow
you
to
see
that
awkward
situation
you’ve
been
anxious
about
for
weeks
from
someone
else’s
perspective.
?
If
you’re
not
an
avid
reader
it
can
be
hard
to
know
where
to
begin.
If
the
Reading
Agency
book
list
doesn’t
appeal,
you
could
read
book
reviews,
visit
a
library
or
bookshop
or
ask
a
friend.
5 ?
A.
It
may
seem
obvious
that
reading
is
good
for
us.
B.
Once
you’ve
found
the
right
text,
you’ll
be
hooked!
C.
It’s
thought
they
can
help
you
set
targets
and
find
focus.
D.
And
if
you
still
love
your
technology,
you
could
always
use
an
e-reader.
E.
He
studied
people
in
reading
groups
and
found
that
it’s
reading
literature
that
has
the
best
effect.
F.
It
called
this
“bibliotherapy”
and
it’s
become
so
successful
that
it’s
about
to
be
extended
to
children
as
well.
G.
Whether
it’s
a
gripping
crime
story
or
a
biography
of
someone’s
amazing
life,
it’s
good
to
read
a
book
to
switch
off
from
the
distractions
of
everyday
life
and
help
us
relax.
答案:
1～5.
GAECB
Ⅲ.
应用文写作
(2021·济南模拟)
假定你是李华,
打算报名参加2022年北京冬奥会全球志愿者。你的新西兰笔友Tim有相关经验,
请你写一封邮件,
内容包括:
1.
你的打算;
2.
寻求帮助;
3.
期待回复。
注意:
1.
词数应为80个左右;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear
Tim,
I
am
eagerly
planning
to
apply
to
be
a
volunteer
for
2022
Beijing
Winter
Olympic
Games.
Knowing
you
have
relevant
experience,
I’m
writing
to
ask
a
favor
of
you.
To
begin
with,
please
tell
me
what
I
should
prepare
in
advance
and
since
a
convincing
application
is
of
vital
importance,
could
you
give
me
some
direction
on
how
to
write
it?
What’s
more,
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
share
your
volunteer
experience
with
me
in
detail,
which
I
think
will
help
me
become
somewhat
familiar
with
this
kind
of
work.
I’m
looking
forward
to
hearing
from
you
soon.
Yours
truly,
Li
Hua
【加固训练】
完形填空
(2021·河南模拟)
Since
the
age
of
three,
Chelsie
Hill
had
dreamed
of
becoming
a
dancer.
That
1
nearly
ended
one
night
in
2010.
Hill,
then
a
17-year-old
high
school
student
in
California
2
a
car
accident
that
put
her
in
the
hospital
for
51
days
and
left
her
paralyzed
(瘫痪的)
from
the
waist
down.
For
most
people,
that
would
have
3
any
hope
of
a
dancing
career.
For
Hill,
it
was
the
beginning.
Far
from
being
a
barrier,
her
wheelchair
encouraged
her.
“I
wanted
to
4
to
my
community—and
to
myself—that
I
was
still
’normal’,
”
she
said.
“Whatever
normal
meant.
”?
Normal
for
her
meant
dancing.
5 ,
Hill
did
it
in
her
wheelchair
right
alongside
her
non-disabled
high
school
dance
team.
“Half
of
my
body
was
6
me,
and
I
have
to
move
it
with
my
hands,
”
Hill
said.
“It
certainly
took
a
lot
of
learning
and
patience.
”
After
graduation,
Hill
wanted
to
expand
her
dance
network
to
7
women
like
her.
She
met
people
online
who
had
suffered
various
spinal
cord
(脊髓)
injuries
but
shared
her
8 ,
and
she
invited
them
to
dance
with
her.
Hoping
to
reach
more
people
in
a
larger
city,
Hill
moved
to
Los
Angeles
in
2014
and
9
a
team
of
dancers
with
disabilities
she
calls
the
Rollettes.
?
Hill
has
10
what
many
of
us
never
will:
her
childhood
dream.
And
for
many
of
her
11 ,
it
was
the
first
time
they’d
felt
a
sense
of
belonging.
They
say
that
being
part
of
the
Rollettes
team
has
made
them
more
12 .
?
The
dancers
aren’t
the
only
ones
feeling
13 .
One
woman
saw
a
YouTube
video
of
the
team
competing
and
commented,
“You
are
so
14 !
To
be
in
a
wheelchair
and
still
be
so
beautiful
convinces
that
I
can
be
beautiful
too!
I’m
really
very
15
to
you!
”
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Chelsie
Hill在三岁时就梦想着未来成为一名舞蹈演员,
但很不幸的是,
她在十七岁时遭遇了严重的车祸,
致使她腰部以下全部瘫痪。然而,
她并没有因此放弃自己的梦想,
她通过努力练习学会了在轮椅上跳舞,
并且还组建了由残疾人组成的舞蹈队,
她们的事迹鼓舞了很多人。
1.
A.
choice
B.
interest
C.
ambition
D.
experience
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
那个志向在2010年的一个晚上几乎就结束了。
choice选择;
interest兴趣;
ambition志向,
雄心;
experience经历,
经验。根据becoming
a
dancer和nearly
ended
one
night
in
2010及后文的a
car
accident可知,
此处指那个“志向”。故选C。
2.
A.
avoided
B.
reported
C.
suffered
D.
witnessed
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
当时还是一名17岁的中学生的Hill遭遇了一场车祸,
她因此住院51天,
且腰部以下全部瘫痪。
avoided避开;
reported报道;
suffered遭受;
witnessed目睹。根据空后的a
car
accident
that
put
her
in
the
hospital
for
51
days可知,
她“遭遇”了车祸。故选C。
3.
A.
stolen
B.
started
C.
changed
D.
broken
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
对大部分人而言,
那很可能会让舞蹈事业的希望破灭。stolen偷;
started开始;
changed改变;
broken弄坏。根据left
her
paralyzed
from
the
waist
down和any
hope
of
a
dancing
career.
可知,
从事舞蹈事业的希望“破灭”。故选D。
4.
A.
stick
B.
mention
C.
relate
D.
prove
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
我想向社区和我自己证明我仍然是正常的。stick伸出;
mention提到;
relate涉及;
prove证明。根据下文的I
was
still
’normal’,
可知,
她想“证明”自己。故选D。
5.
A.
However
B.
Therefore
C.
Instead
D.
Meanwhile
【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意:
因此,
Hill在轮椅上和她学校的舞蹈队一起跳舞。
However然而;
Therefore因此;
Instead相反,
反而;
Meanwhile与此同时。为了证明自己,
“因此”参加了正常舞蹈队。故选B。
6.
A.
held
on
to
B.
taken
away
from
C.
given
back
to
D.
knocked
out
of
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
我被夺去了半个身体。held
on
to坚持,
紧握;
taken
away
from从……拿走;
given
back
to还给;
knocked
out
of
把……敲出。根据left
her
paralyzed
from
the
waist
down可知,
她“被夺去”一半身体。故选B。
7.
A.
satisfy
B.
include
C.
comfort
D.
acknowledge
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
毕业后,
Hill想要扩大她的舞蹈人际网,
把像她一样的女性包括进来。satisfy使满意;
include包括;
comfort使舒适;
acknowledge承认。根据her
dance
network
to和women
like
her可知,
“包括”像她这样的残疾人。故选B。
8.
A.
determination
B.
wisdom
C.
freedom
D.
value
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
她在网上遇到了遭受脊髓损伤但和她一样有决心的人。
determination决定;
wisdom智慧;
freedom自由;
value价值。根据had
suffered
various
spinal
cord
injuries
和she
invited
them
to
dance
with
her可知,
这些残疾人像她一样有“决心”。故选A。
9.
A.
knew
B.
joined
C.
formed
D.
expected
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
希望能在更大的城市接触更多的人,
Hill于2014年搬到了洛杉矶,
并且组建了一个残疾人舞蹈队。
knew知道;
joined参加;
formed组成;
expected期盼。根据a
team
of
dancers
with
disabilities
she
calls
the
Rollettes可知,
“组成”了一个残疾人舞蹈队。故选C。
10.
A.
sought
B.
attained
C.
recognized
D.
discovered
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
Hill实现了我们很多人都没能实现的东西:
童年的梦想。sought寻找;
attained实现,
获得;
recognized认识;
discovered发现。根据her
childhood
dream可知,
“实现”了梦想。故选B。
11.
A.
fans
B.
doctors
C.
teachers
D.
teammates
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
对她的很多队友而言,
首次有了归属感。
fans迷;
doctors医生;
teachers教师;
teammates队友。根据it
was
the
first
time
they’d
felt
a
sense
of
belonging.
可知,
对她的“队友”来说有了归属感。故选D。
12.
A.
confident
B.
generous
C.
famous
D.
considerate
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
她们说成为Rollettes舞蹈队的一员让她们更自信了。confident自信的;
generous慷慨的;
famous著名的;
considerate体贴的。此处指舞蹈队让她们更“自信”。故选A。
13.
A.
inspired
B.
shocked
C.
influential
D.
rewarded
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
受到激励的不仅仅是这些舞者。
inspired受鼓舞的;
shocked震惊的;
influential有影响的;
rewarded受到奖赏的。根据下文One
woman
saw
a
YouTube
video
of
the
team
competing
and
commented可知,
别人也受到“鼓舞”。故选A。
14.
A.
stubborn
B.
successful
C.
grateful
D.
awesome
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
你们真是太棒了!
stubborn顽固的;
successful成功的;
grateful感激的;
awesome令人敬畏的。根据To
be
in
a
wheelchair
and
still
be
so
beautiful可知,
她们是“令人敬畏的”。故选D。
15.
A.
close
B.
faithful
C.
grateful
D.
similar
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
我真的非常感激你们!
close紧密的;
faithful忠诚的;
grateful感激的;
similar相似的。此处指“感激的”。故选C。(共92张PPT)
选择性必修
第三册
Unit
1 Face
values
Step
1
诵读经典·渗透文化意识
Ⅰ.
细品味经典文章
(2019·江苏高考节选)
The
65-year-old
Steve
Goodwin
was
found
suffering
from
early
Alzheimer’s
(阿尔兹海默症).
He
was
losing
his
memory.
A
software
engineer
by
profession,
Steve
was
a
keen
lover
of
the
piano,
and
the
only
musician
in
his
family.
Music
was
his
true
passion,
though
he
had
never
performed
outside
the
family.
Melissa,
his
daughter,
felt
it
more
than
worthwhile
to
save
his
music,
to
which
she
fell
asleep
each
night
when
she
was
young.
She
thought
about
hiring
a
professional
pianist
to
work
with
her
father.
Naomi,
Melissa’s
best
friend
and
a
talented
pianist,
got
to
know
about
this
and
showed
willingness
to
help.
“Why
do
this?
”
Steve
wondered.
“Because
she
cares.
”
Melissa
said.
Steve
nodded,
tears
in
eye.
Naomi
drove
to
the
Goodwin
home.
She
told
Steve
she’d
love
to
hear
him
play.
Steve
moved
to
the
piano
and
sat
at
the
bench,
hands
trembling
as
he
gently
placed
his
fingers
on
the
keys.
Naomi
put
a
small
recorder
near
the
piano.
Starts
and
stops
and
mistakes.
Long
pauses,
heart
sinking.
But
Steve
pressed
on,
playing
for
the
first
time
in
his
life
for
a
stranger.
“It
was
beautiful.
”
Naomi
said
after
listening
to
the
recording.
“The
music
was
worth
saving.
”
Her
responsibility,
her
privilege,
would
be
to
rescue
it.
The
music
was
sill
in
Steve
Goodwin.
It
was
hidden
in
rooms
with
doors
about
to
be
locked.
Ⅱ.
按要求完成任务
写出文章中关于价值的单词和短语。
__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________?
memory,
keen,
passion,
perform,
worthwhile,
save,
talented,
willingness,
mistake,
be
worth
doing,
responsibility
Step
2
固本强基·锻造语言能力
Ⅰ.
重点词汇
1.
pretend
v.
假装,
装作
【教材原句】
People
who
pretend
to
be
someone
they
are
not
tend
to
misjudge
themselves.
(P2)
那些假装自己的人往往会误判自己。
【词块必记】
【语境速测】
完成句子
①He
pretended
______________
with
me.
?
他假装要和我交朋友。
②So
I
carried
around
a
book,
and
each
night,
just
to
be
like
her,
I
would
___________________.
?
所以我随身带着一本书,
每天晚上,
为了像她一样,
我假装在读书。
③He
________________________
the
conversation
after
that
night.
?
他假装已经忘记那天晚上的谈话。
to
make
friends
pretend
to
be
reading
pretended
to
have
forgotten
【写作金句】
Even
if
you
are
not
confident,
pretend
to
be.
即使在你没有自信的时候也要假装自信。
2.
identical
adj.
完全相同的,
非常相似的
【教材原句】
I
only
used
to
have
five
identical
pairs
of
trousers
and
five
identical
shirts.
(P3)
我以前只有五条一样的裤子和五件一样的衬衫。
【词块必记】
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Disney’s
live-action
Beauty
and
the
Beast
was
almost
identical
__
the
original
cartoon.
②We
are
identical
__
our
views
of
what
should
be
done.
③The
sailors
were
_________
(identical)
dressed.
完成句子
④Your
voice
________________.
?
你的声音和她的一模一样。
to
in
identically
is
identical
to
hers
⑤He
____________
character
with
his
wife.
?
他的品性和他的夫人相同。
⑥Everybody
_______________
with
the
suggestion
that
the
prize
is
sent
out
by
mayor.
?
大家一致同意由市长发奖品的建议。
is
identical
in
identically
agrees
【写作金句】
My
opinion
is
identical
to
his.
我的观点与他的观点相同。
3.
bother
v.
(使)苦恼 n.
麻烦,
烦扰
【教材原句】
For
a
long
time,
this
really
bothered
me.
(P3)
很长一段时间,
这使我非常苦恼。
【词块必记】
【熟词生义】
I
am
afraid
it
was
a
bother
for
you
to
do
this.
(n.
麻烦)
恐怕做这件事太麻烦你了。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①I’ve
no
time
to
bother
_____
such
things.
②He
didn’t
even
bother
____________(say)
thank-you.
?
完成句子
about
to
say/
saying
③Don’t
_____________________
such
matters.
?
不要对于这类事伤脑筋了。
④Why
__________________
if
you’re
not
really
interested?
?
如果你不是真的感兴趣,
为什么费口舌打听呢?
⑤________________
he
can
be
so
insensitive.
?
他这样麻木不仁,
我心里很不痛快。
bother
your
head
about
bother
asking/
to
ask
It
bothers
me
that
【写作金句】
It’s
not
the
lack
of
interest
or
masterpieces
that
bothers
the
students.
困扰学生的并不是缺乏兴趣或杰作。
Ⅱ.
核心短语
4.
care
about
关心,
在乎
【教材原句】
I
never
really
cared
about
my
appearance.
(P3)
我从来都不在乎自己的外表。
【词块必记】
care短语
(1)care
for 照顾;
喜欢
(2)take
care
注意;
小心
(3)take
care
of
照顾;
注意
(4)with
care
小心地
【语境速测】
用care短语填空
①It
makes
me
feel
good
that
you
__________
me.
?
②She
will
_______
the
children
while
I
am
away.
?
③___________
yourself
while
you
are
pregnant.
?
④He
doesn’t
_______
fish.
?
【写作金句】
He
doesn’t
care
about
his
clothes.
他不讲究衣着。
care
about
care
for
Take
care
of
care
for
5.
from
head
to
toe
从头到脚
【教材原句】
I
didn’t
like
being
reviewed
from
head
to
toe.
(P3)
我不喜欢从头到脚都被评论。
【词块必记】“从……到……”短语
“from.
.
.
to.
.
.
”是英语中极其常用的介词短语,
表示“从……到……”,
其用法很多,
搭配能力也很强。
from+
n.
to+
n.
可以连接两个反义的名词。
(1)from
dawn
to
dark/
from
morning
to
night从早到晚
from
beginning
to
end从头到尾
from
top
to
bottom从上到下
from
small
to
large从小到大
(2)同义短语:
from
head
to
foot/
from
top
to
toe
【语境速测】
完成句子
①When
I
first
saw
this
glass
gym
I
felt
very
relaxed
_____
_______________________________________.
?
当我第一次看到这个玻璃健身房时,
我感到的是一种从头到脚的清爽。
②They
were
out
together
with
their
friends
______________________________
_______.
?
他们从早到晚都和朋友一起出去。
③It’s
a
good
film
___________________.
?
从头到尾这都是部好电影。
【写作金句】
He
studied
me
from
head
to
toe.
他从头到脚地打量我。
from
head
to
toe/
from
head
to
foot/
from
top
to
toe
from
morning
to
night/
from
dawn
to
dark
from
beginning
to
end
Ⅲ.
经典句式
6.
Dad
thinks
I
am
a
narcissist,
but
what
I
say
is
that
my
pictures
aren’t
hurting
anyone,
so
who
cares?
?
爸爸认为我是个自恋狂,
但我要说的是,
我的照片不会伤害任何人,
所以谁在乎呢?
【典型例句】
The
deadlines
and
what
you
need
to
apply
depend
on
the
program.
截止日期和你需要申请什么取决于程序。
【句型公式】
名词性从句
名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,
它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等,
因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,
名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句通常由下列词引导:
①从属连词that,
whether等;
②连接代词what,
who,
which,
whatever,
whoever,
whom,
whichever等;
③连接副词how,
when,
where,
why
等。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①_____
he
wants
to
tell
us
is
not
clear.
②I
think
it
quite
clear
____
he
preferred
coffee
to
tea.
③We
must
never
think
(____)
we
are
good
in
everything
while
others
are
good
in
nothing.
④The
news
____
we
won
the
game
is
exciting.
完成句子
⑤It
is
known
to
us
_____________________.
?
我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
⑥I
want
to
know
__________________.
?
我想知道他跟你说了什么。
What
that
that
that
how
he
became
a
writer
what
he
has
told
you
【写作金句】
They
have
done
what
they
can
to
help
her.
他们已经尽力帮助她了。
7.
It’s
true
that
inner
beauty
is
very
important,
but
external
beauty
shouldn’t
be
completely
overlooked.
?
内在美确实很重要,
但是外在美不能被完全忽视。
【典型例句】
It
is
clear
that
the
chosen
pattern
is
not
the
correct
one.
显然,
所选择的样式是错误的。
【句型公式】
it作主语从句的形式主语
(1)It
+
be
+形容词
+
从句
(2)It
+
be
+
名词
+
从句
(3)It
+介词短语
+
从句
(4)It
+动词的被动语态
+
从句
(5)It
+动词
(+宾语或状语)
+
从句
【知识拓展】
it作形式主语的其他情况
(1)不定式作逻辑主语
①It
+
be
+
adj.
+
(for/
of
sb.
)
to
do
sth.
②It
+
be
+
n.
+
to
do
sth.
(2)动名词短语作逻辑主语
It
+
be
+
no
good/
no
use/
waste
+
doing
sth.
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①__
seems
obvious
that
evolution
should
select
for
larger
brains.
②It
is
out
of
question
____
China’s
economy
will
keep
growing
for
40
years.
③__
matters
little
who
does
it
so
long
as
it
is
done.
④It
is
very
kind
of
you
______(give)
me
a
hand
in
time.
?
⑤It
is
no
use
_________
(reason)
with
him.
完成句子
⑥_________that
we
shall
have
to
leave
tomorrow.
?
我们明天必须离开,
真是遗憾。
⑦________that
the
rhythm
of
tides
is
affected
by
the
moon.
?
据说潮汐的涨落受月亮的影响。
It
that
It
to
give
reasoning
It
is
a
pity
It
is
said
【写作金句】
It
was
surprising
that
she
passed
the
difficult
exam.
真让人惊讶,
她居然通过了这次有难度的考试。
【备选要点】
1.
obsessive
adj.
痴迷的,
迷恋的;
过度的(含贬义)
【教材原句】
Obsessive
online
photo
editing
indicates
a
lack
of
self-confidence
and
a
desire
for
attention.
(P2)
痴迷在线照片编辑表明缺乏自信和渴望被关注。
【词块必记】
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①I
try
to
stay
fit,
but
I’m
not
obsessive
_____
it.
②The
man
is
obsessive
__
gambling.
③He
couldn’t
help
worrying
__________
(obsessive)
about
what
would
happen.
完成句子
④She
________________her
appearance.
?
她对自己的外表很着迷。
⑤She
goes
on
strict
diets
and
__________________.
?
她坚持严格的节食并强迫性地锻炼。
about
in
obsessively
is
obsessive
about
exercises
obsessively
【写作金句】
If
you
fall
into
an
obsessive
pattern
in
high
school,
you’ve
got
two
problems.
如果你在高中阶段陷入一种强迫性模式,
你会面临两个问题。
2.
loyal
adj.
忠贞/实/诚的
【教材原句】
In
reality,
he
is
brave
and
loyal,
and
always
ready
for
a
dangerous
challenge
when
it
is
necessary
to
do
the
right
thing.
(P7)事实上,
他是勇敢而忠诚的,
在必要的时候,
他随时准备迎接危险的挑战。
【词块必记】
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①We
are
loyal
__
our
motherland.
②She
has
______
(loyal)
and
unselfishly
spent
every
day
at
her
husband’s
side.
③His
______
(loyal)
is
above
suspicion.
完成句子
④He
_________his
friends.
?
他对朋友很忠诚。
⑤_____________________could
not
be
questioned.
?
我对国家的忠诚是不容置疑的。
to
loyally
loyalty
is
loyal
to
My
loyalty
to
the
nation
【写作金句】
He
was
loyal
to
the
people,
bending
his
back
to
the
task
till
his
dying
day.
他对人民忠心耿耿,
鞠躬尽瘁,
死而后已。
3.
frightful
adj.
可怕的
【教材原句】
People
often
regard
him
as
frightful
or
monstrous,
but
in
fact
he
is
just
and
righteous.
(P7)人们常常认为他是可怕和丑陋的,
但实际上他是公正和正义的。
【词块必记】
(1)frightfully
adv.
可怕地
(2)同义词:
horrible/frightening/terrifying/scary/terrible/terrific
adj.
可怕的
【知识拓展】
(1)fright
n.
惊吓,
惊恐,
害怕
with
fright
惊恐地,
害怕地
(2)frighten
vt.
使恐惧
frighten
sb.
to
death
把某人吓得要死
(3)frightening
adj.
令人恐惧的;
令人害怕的
frightened
adj.
受惊的
be
frightened
of
害怕……
【构词法】
“n.
+-ful”变成原词的形容词,
词义不变,
如:
fright
(害怕)
+
-ful→
frightful
(可怕的)。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①These
________
(fright)
experiences
are
branded
on
his
memory.
②I
am
_________
(frightful)
confused
regarding
time
and
place.
③Hearing
the
news,
we
turned
pale
____
fright.
④Staying
out
all
night,
she
frightened
her
parents
__
death.
frightful
frightfully
with
to
⑤He
will
never
forget
that
__________
(frighten)
experience.
⑥Don’t
frighten
me
____
doing
something
I
don’t
want
to
do.
⑦The
_________
man
sounded
as
if
he
was
dying
of
_____.
(frighten)
完成句子
⑧The
boy
looks
frozen
__________.
?
这个男孩看起来吓坏了。
【写作金句】
As
he
fell,
he
let
out
a
frightful
scream.
他倒下的时候,
发出一声可怕的尖叫。
frightening
into
frightened
fright
with
fright
4.
boost
one’s
confidence
增加某人的信心
【教材原句】
Each
“like”
boosts
my
confidence.
(P2)
每个“赞”都增强了我的信心。
【词块必记】
“confidence”短语
(1)establish
confidence 树立信心
(2)lack
confidence
缺乏信心
(3)confidence
in
对……的信任
【知识拓展】
be
confident
in/
about
对……有信心
be
confident
of
确信,
相信
confidently
adv.
自信地
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①I
had
confidence
__
my
own
youth
and
energy.
②I’m
confident
________
the
path
I
have
chosen.
in
in/about
完成句子
③How
can
I
____________________________?
?
我怎样才能增强我女儿的信心呢?
④His
participation
is
expected
to
__________________
to
encourage
more
participation.
?
他的参与有望建立信心,
鼓励更多的参与。
⑤He
______________
when
speaking
to
a
large
crowd.
?
当对一大群人讲话时,
他缺少信心。
⑥One
has
to
___________________
himself.
?
一个人一定要对自己有信心。
boost
my
daughter’s
confidence
establish
confidence
lacks
confidence
be
confident
in/
about
5.
He
was
the
first
to
break
the
silence.
?
他首先打破了沉默。
【句型公式】
“Sb.
/
Sth.
be
the
+
序数词
(+
n.
)
+
to
do
sth.
”句型
“Sb.
/
Sth.
be
the
+
序数词
(+
n.
)
+
to
do
sth.
”句型,
意为“某人/某物是第几个做某事的人或物”。其中不定式作定语,
用来修饰被序数词限定的中心词,
且与中心词为逻辑上的主动关系。
【知识拓展】
“It
be
the
+
序数词
+
time
+
that
sb.
have/
has/
had.
.
.
”句型,
意为“这是某人第几次做某事”。包括以下两种:
(1)It
is
the
+序数词
+
time
+
that
sb.
have/
has.
.
.
.
(2)
It
was
the
+
序数词
+
time
+
that
sb.
had.
.
.
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①In
my
family,
my
mother
is
always
the
first
one
_____(get)
up.
?
②He
would
be
the
last
_______(agree)
to
the
plan.
?
③It
is
the
first
time
that
I
__________(fly)
to
America.
?
④It
was
the
first
time
this
year
that
he
___________(work)
on
Saturday.
?
完成句子
⑤She
was
the
first
woman
___________________in
the
Olympic
Games.
?
她是第一位在奥运会上获得金牌的女运动员。
⑥_______________that
the
boy
has
spoken
to
a
foreigner.
?
这个男孩是第一次同外国人说话。
to
get
to
agree
have
flown
had
worked
to
win
the
gold
medal
It’s
the
first
time
【写作金句】
He
was
the
first
person
to
know
the
truth.
他是第一个了解真相的人。
Step
3
强化检测·提升学习能力
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)As
a
businesswoman,
I
care
deeply
_____
my
customers.
2.
(2020·浙江高考)
My
older
brother
couldn’t
be
bothered
______
(play)
with
me.
?
3.
While
life
is
not
always
fair,
it
is
always
manageable.
It
is
a
matter
of
attitude
and
__________
(confident).
4.
(2019·江苏高考)It
would
not
matter
if
these
_____________
(misjudge)
were
just
a
matter
of
people’s
opinions.
5.
(2018·江苏高考)Try
to
understand
what’s
actually
happening
instead
of
acting
on
the
__________
(assume)
you’ve
made.
about
to
play
confidence
misjudgments
assumption
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
How
can
we
__________________
if
we
feel
a
bit
shaky?
?
如果我们觉得有点不稳定,
我们怎么能增强信心呢?
2.
I
don’t
__________his
opinion.
?
我不在乎他的看法。
3.
___________________
is
quite
right.
?
张先生说的很对。
4.
__________
that
he
told
a
lie.
?
很明显,
他撒谎了。
5.
Helen
is
always
______________
to
the
office.
?
海伦总是第一个来办公室。
boost
our
confidence
care
about
What
Mr
Zhang
said
It
was
clear
the
first
to
come
Ⅲ.
语法填空
(2021·漳州模拟)
I
can
well
remember
that
I
was
once
asked
to
deliver
a
speech
titled
A
Real
Test
in
My
Life
before
the
whole
class
at
the
age
of
9!
You
can
imagine
how
1.
_______
(terrible)
shy
I
was
with
so
many
eyes
2.
_______
(fix)
upon
me.
I
had
no
3.
_______
(choose)
but
to
prepare
for
it,
though.
?
First
of
all,
I
was
to
draft
the
speech,
which
was
just
a
piece
of
cake
for
me,
a
good
writer.
But
the
hardest
part
4.
_______
(lie)
in
my
oral
presentation
from
my
memory—
for
to
read
from
the
paper
was
not
allowed.
The
real
moment
began
5.
_______
I
stood
on
the
platform
with
my
legs
trembling
and
my
mind
blank.
But
my
listeners
were
waiting
patiently
without
any
signs
of
rushing
me.
Gradually
I
found
myself
back,
6.
_______
(deliver)
my
speech
with
difficulty.
After
what
seemed
to
be
a
hundred
years,
I
found
my
audience
applauding—I
made
7.
_______!
From
then
on,
my
fear
of
talking
before
an
audience
disappeared.
?
Actually
with
my
8.
_______
(confident)
building
up,
I
now
turn
out
to
be
a
great
speaker.
Looking
back,
I
know
the
greatest
difficulty
on
our
way
9.
_______
success
is
our
fear.
Overcome
it
10.
_______
we
will
be
able
to
achieve
our
goals.
?
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。主要讲述作者九岁的时候在全班面前的演讲,
描述了当时的心情、动作以及对以后的成长所起的作用。
1.
【解析】terribly。考查副词。句意:
你可以想象那么多双眼睛盯着我,
我当时多害羞。修饰形容词shy,
应该使用副词形式作状语,
故填
terribly
。
2.
【解析】fixed。考查with复合结构。句意:
你可以想象那么多双眼睛盯着我,
我当时多害羞。“with
so
many
eyes
_______upon
me”是with复合结构作状语,
fix与前面的名词是逻辑上的被动关系,
过去分词表示被动关系。故填fixed。?
3.
【解析】choice。考查固定句型。句意:
然而我别无选择只能准备演讲。have
no
choice
but.
.
.
意为“别无选择,
只得……”,
no是形容词修饰名词,
故填choice。
4.
【解析】lay。考查动词的时态。句意:
最难的部分在于演讲时不允许参考稿子,
只靠记忆背诵。根据句意和上文“I
was
once
asked
to
deliver
a
speech.
.
.
”可知这里使用一般过去时,
且主语the
hardest
part与谓语动词lie是主动关系。故填lay。
5.
【解析】when。考查状语从句。句意:
当我站在讲台上双腿打颤,
大脑一片空白时,
真正的时刻到来了。根据语法分析,
“_______
I
stood
on
the
platform
with
my
legs
trembling
and
my
mind
blank.
”部分是一个状语从句,
用when引导从句。故填when。?
6.
【解析】delivering。考查非谓语动词。句意:
渐渐地我能找回感觉,
发表我的演讲。句子的谓语动词是found,
故deliver用非谓语动词形式,
“
_______my
speech
with
difficulty”作状语,
deliver与逻辑主语I是主动关系,
用现在分词表示主动关系。故
填delivering。?
7.
【解析】it。考查固定短语。句意:
我成功了。make
it意为“成功”,
是固定短语。根据上文I
found
my
audience
applauding可推断,
我成功了。故填it。
8.
【解析】confidence。考查名词。句意:
随着信心的增强,
我现在成了一个很好的演讲者。形容词性物主代词修饰名词,
故填confidence。
9.
【解析】to。考查介词。句意:
我知道通往成功之路的最大困难是恐惧。on
one’s
way
to.
.
.
意为“在……的路上”,
是固定搭配。故填to。
10.
【解析】and。考查固定句型。句意:
克服困难,
我们就会达到目标。这里考查的是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构。根据句意,
故填and。
直击高考·培养思维品质
Ⅰ.
话题与阅读理解
(2021·济南模拟)
Though
only
just
21
when
diagnosed
with
the
disease
ALS,
Hawking
was
perhaps
the
most
famous
scientist
in
the
world
when
he
died
in
2018
at
age
76.
His
1988
book,
A
Brief
History
of
Time,
sold
ten
million
copies
and
made
him
an
unlikely
superstar
even
to
people
who
sweated
through
high
school
science.
Humor
was
always
a
big
part
of
Hawking’s
effort
to
bring
physics
to
the
masses.
In
his
2010
book,
The
Grand
Design,
for
instance,
he
recounts
how,
in
1277,
the
Catholic
Church
declared
scientific
laws
such
as
gravity
to
be
wrong,
since
they
seemed
against
God’s
idea.
“Interestingly,
”
the
text
adds
jokingly,
“Pope
John
was
killed
by
the
effects
of
the
law
of
gravity
a
few
months
later
when
the
roof
of
his
palace
fell
in
on
him.
”
“He
loved
adventure
and
fun,
”
says
Mlodinow,
who
once
took
Hawking
on
a
punt-boat
trip
down
the
river
Cam
in
Cambridge,
England,
despite
the
obvious
danger
of
the
boat
turning
over.
“You
know
about
when
he
went
on
the
Vomit
Comet?
It’s
a
plane
that
flies
in
a
parabolic
path
so
you
are
weightless,
like
you
are
in
space.
A
lot
of
people
vomit,
but
he
loved
that
sort
of
thing.
”
And
he
was
65
at
the
time.
Hawking’s
greatest
hit,
humor-wise,
was
probably
the
cocktail
party
he
threw
in
2009.
It
was
a
“
welcome
reception
for
future
time
travelers,
”
he
said,
so
naturally,
he
sent
out
the
invitations
the
day
after
the
party.
No
one
showed
up
yet.
“Maybe
one
day
someone
living
in
the
future
will
find
the
information
and
use
a
wormhole
time
machine
to
come
back
to
my
party,
proving
that
time
travel
will
one
day
be
possible,
”
Hawking
explained.
And
if
that
happens,
don’t
be
surprised
if
Hawking
is
there
too.
After
all,
he
never
missed
a
chance
to
have
fun.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要写了著名的科学家霍金不仅使用幽默让人们理解物理,
同时也是一个幽默乐观的人。
1.
What
does
the
text
mainly
tell
us
about
Hawking?
A.
He
related
physics
to
humor
closely.
B.
He
made
great
contributions
to
physics.
C.
He
went
through
many
funny
experiences.
D.
He
was
optimistic
about
the
future
of
science.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Humor
was
always
a
big
part
of
Hawking’s
effort
to
bring
physics
to
the
masses.
”可知霍金一直努力用幽默的方式让人们理解物理。结合下文的解释说明可推断,
这篇文章主要告诉我们,
霍金把物理学和幽默紧密地联系在一起。故选A。
2.
What
can
we
learn
about
Pope
John?
A.
He
was
not
in
favor
of
God.
B.
He
was
a
scientist
like
Hawking.
C.
He
was
opposed
to
the
law
of
gravity.
D.
He
was
killed
due
to
the
discovery
of
gravity.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中“In
his
2010
book,
The
Grand
Design,
for
instance,
he
recounts
how,
in
1277,
the
Catholic
Church
declared
scientific
laws
such
as
gravity
to
be
wrong,
since
they
seemed
against
God’s
idea.
’Interestingly,
’
the
text
adds
jokingly,
’Pope
John
was
killed
by
the
effects
of
the
law
of
gravity
a
few
months
later
when
the
roof
of
his
palace
fell
in
on
him.
’”可知,
在他2010年出版的The
Grand
Design一书中,
他叙述了天主教会如何在1277年宣布万有引力等科学定律是错误的,
因为它们似乎违背了上帝的旨意。“有趣的是,
”文中开玩笑地补充道,
“几个月后,
教皇Pope
John被万有引力定律的影响所杀死,
当时他的宫殿的屋顶塌了下来。”由此可推知,
Pope
John反对万有引力定律。故选C。
3.
What
drove
Hawking
to
go
on
the
Vomit
Comet?
A.
His
fondness
of
adventure.
B.
The
invitation
from
his
friend.
C.
The
requirements
of
his
work.
D.
His
desire
for
recovery
from
ALS.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中“He
loved
adventure
and
fun(他喜欢冒险和乐趣)”以及后文“A
lot
of
people
vomit,
but
he
loved
that
sort
of
thing.
(很多人都会呕吐,
但他就是喜欢那一种东西)”由此可知,
霍金对冒险的喜欢驱使他登上Vomit
Comet。故选A。
4.
What
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
The
cocktail
party
was
a
great
success.
B.
The
possibility
of
time
travel
was
not
proved.
C.
Hawking
was
a
man
who
enjoyed
holding
parties.
D.
The
wormhole
time
machine
was
used
at
that
time.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Maybe
one
day
someone
living
in
the
future
will
find
the
information
and
use
a
wormhole
time
machine
to
come
back
to
my
party,
proving
that
time
travel
will
one
day
be
possible”可知也许有一天,
未来的人会找到这些信息,
用虫洞时间机器回到我的聚会上,
证明有一天时间旅行会成为可能的。由此可推知,
时间旅行的可能性没有被证明。故选B。
语用提能
话题词汇
superstar,
effort,
jokingly,
adventure
and
fun,
interestingly,
humor-wise
短语句式
be
diagnosed
with,
sweat
through,
the
masses
,
the
law
of
gravity,
turn
over,
in
space,
show
up,
after
all,
have
fun
熟词新义
hit
n.
成功
【长难句剖析】
1.
Though
only
just
21
when
diagnosed
with
the
disease
ALS,
Hawking
was
perhaps
the
most
famous
scientist
in
the
world
when
he
died
in
2018
at
age
76.
分析:
该句是主从复合句。Though引导让步状语从句,
在从句中,
含有when引导的时间状语从句。主句中也含有一个由when引导的时间状语从句。
翻译:
虽然被诊断患有ALS
时只有21岁,
但霍金在2018年去世时,
享年76岁,
可能是世界上最著名的科学家。
2.
Maybe
one
day
someone
living
in
the
future
will
find
the
information
and
use
a
wormhole
time
machine
to
come
back
to
my
party,
proving
that
time
travel
will
one
day
be
possible.
分析:
该句是简单句。句中living
in
the
future是现在分词短语作后置定语。proving
that
time
travel
will
one
day
be
possible是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
翻译:
也许有一天,
未来的人会找到这些信息,
用虫洞时间机器回到我的聚会上,
证明有一天时间旅行会成为可能的。
微技能点拨 主旨大意题的解题方法:
文章考查主旨大意题较多,
分别为段落大意和篇章大意,
段落大意只需要看该段落。篇章大意需要结合文章的首尾段。
本文中第1题,
根据策略解题如下:
Step
1准确定位:
1题指向第二段。
Step
2寻找关键信息:
第二段中“Humor
was
always
a
big
part
of
Hawking’s
effort
to
bring
physics
to
the
masses.
”可知霍金一直努力用幽默的方式让人们理解物理。结合下文的解释说明可推断,
这篇文章主要告诉我们,
霍金把物理学和幽默紧密地联系在一起。
Step
3比较选项找最佳:
B.
He
made
great
contributions
to
physics他对物理学做出了巨大的贡献,
偏离主题。C.
He
went
through
many
funny
experiences.
他有过许多滑稽的经历,
没有提到他的专业。D.
He
was
optimistic
about
the
future
of
science.
他对科学的未来是乐观的,
“科学”范围太广,
不符合文章的主旨。故答案为
。?
A
【微语法填空】
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解D改编)
During
the
rosy
years
of
elementary
school
(小学),
I
enjoyed
1.
_______
(share)
my
dolls
and
jokes,
which
allowed
me
to
keep
my
high
social
status.
I
was
the
queen
of
the
playground.
Then
came
my
tweens
and
teens,
and
mean
girls
and
cool
kids.
They
rose
in
the
ranks
not
by
being
friendly
but
by
smoking
cigarettes,
breaking
rules
and
playing
jokes
on
others,
among
whom
I
soon
found
myself.
sharing
2.
__________
(popular)
is
a
well-explored
subject
in
social
psychology.
Mitch
Prinstein,
a
professor
of
clinical
psychology
sorts
the
popular
into
two
3.
_________
(category):
the
likable
and
the
status
seekers.
The
likables’
plays-
well-with-others
qualities
4.
__________
(strong)
schoolyard
friendships,
jump-start
interpersonal
skills
and,
when
tapped
early,
are
employed
ever
after
in
life
and
work.
Then
there’s
the
kind
of
popularity
that
appears
in
adolescence:
status
born
of
power
and
even
dishonorable
behavior.
Popularity
categories
strengthen
Enviable
as
the
cool
kids
may
have
seemed,
Dr.
Prinstein’s
studies
show
unpleasant
consequences.
Those
5.
____
were
highest
in
status
in
high
school,
as
well
as
those
least
liked
in
elementary
school,
are
“most
likely
to
engage
(从事)
in
6.
_________
(danger)
and
risky
behavior.
”
In
one
study,
Dr.
Prinstein
examined
the
two
types
of
popularity
in
235
adolescents,
scoring
the
least
liked,
the
most
liked
and
the
highest
in
status
7.
_____
(base)
on
student
surveys
(调查研究).
“We
found
that
the
least
well-liked
teens
had
become
more
aggressive
over
time
toward
their
classmates.
But
so
had
those
who
were
high
in
status.
It
8.
______
(clear)
showed
that
while
likability
can
lead
to
healthy
adjustment,
high
status
has
just
the
opposite
effect
on
us.
”
who
dangerous
based
clearly
In
analyzing
his
and
other
research,
Dr.
Prinstein
came
to
another
conclusion:
Not
only
is
likability
related
9.
__
positive
life
outcomes,
but
it
is
also
responsible
for
those
outcomes,
too.
“Being
liked
creates
opportunities
for
learning
and
for
new
kinds
of
life
experiences
that
help
somebody
gain
10.
___
advantage,
”
he
said.
to
an
Ⅱ.
话题与写作
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷改编)
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题,
写一篇短文参赛,
内容包括:
1.
人物简介;
2.
尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意:
1.
词数80左右;
2.
短文题目和首句已为你写好。
The
person
I
respect
We
have
a
lot
of
respectable
people
around
us.__________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step
1 写作技巧
①句式多变
(定语从句的运用)
My
father
is
the
person.
I
respect
him
most.
→My
father
is
the
person
____________.
?
②逻辑严谨(连词的运用)
He
works
very
hard
every
day.
He
will
also
spare
some
time
to
accompany
me.
He
will
share
many
funny
things
with
me
about
his
work.
→He
works
very
hard
every
day
________________________________________
_________________________________________________.
?
I
respect
most
but
he
will
also
spare
some
time
to
accompany
me
and
share
many
funny
things
with
me
about
his
work
③思维品质(尊敬的理由)
I
come
across
the
problems
of
learning
in
my
study.
My
father
will
listen
to
me
patiently
and
encourage
me
to
overcome
the
difficulties
bravely.
→When
I
come
across
the
problems
of
learning
in
my
study,
__________________
____________________________________________________________.
?
my
father
will
listen
to
me
patiently
and
encourage
me
to
overcome
the
difficulties
bravely
Step
2 妙笔成篇
The
person
I
respect
We
have
a
lot
of
respectable
people
around
us.
They
may
be
our
teachers,
parents
or
one
of
our
elders.
As
for
me,
my
father
is
the
person
I
respect
most.
My
father
is
a
teacher
who
loves
his
work
and
his
students
very
much.
He
works
very
hard
every
day
but
he
will
also
spare
some
time
to
accompany
me
and
share
many
funny
things
with
me
about
his
work.
When
I
come
across
the
problems
of
learning
in
my
study,
my
father
will
listen
to
me
patiently
and
encourage
me
to
overcome
the
difficulties
bravely.
He
achieved
a
lot
in
his
work,
respected
by
his
students.
So,
in
my
mind
my
father
is
the
person
I
respect
most
and
I
love
him
deeply.
【加固训练】
阅读填句
(2021·日照模拟)
Spending
your
spare
time
alone
or
with
your
friends,
which
do
you
prefer?
For
me,
I’d
rather
be
alone.
1
Being
with
friends
can
be
fun
and
can
help
you
get
through
the
rough
spots
in
life.
However,
it’s
the
time
alone,
I
think,
that
forms
you
as
a
person.
?
2
Of
course,
I
can
think
about
these
things
when
I’m
with
others,
but
it’s
harder
to
concentrate
in
a
crowd.
Being
alone
gives
me
the
quiet
time
to
really
think
about
my
life
and
what
I
want
to
do
with
it.
?
By
staying
alone,
I
can
listen
to
the
silence
and
relax
completely.
When
I’m
alone
I
can
practice
meditation
(冥想)
and
lower
my
stress
level.
3
Too
much
time
with
friends
means
filling
my
mind
with
a
lot
of
chats.
That’s
enjoyable
for
a
moment,
but
can
dull
my
concentration.
?
If
I’m
with
other
people,
it’s
easy
sometimes
to
become
too
worried
about
what
other
people
think
of
me.
When
I’m
alone
I
have
time
to
step
back.
4 ?
Finally,
when
I’m
constantly
in
the
company
of
other
people,
I’m
always
making
compromises
in
order
to
find
solutions
that
the
entire
group
can
enjoy.
5 ?
It’s
natural
to
want
to
be
with
other
people,
but
I
find
the
time
I
spend
alone
is
more
valuable
to
me
in
the
long
run.
A.
And
that
naturally
leads
to
you
feeling
more
independent.
B.
This
will
prevent
me
from
doing
things
I
actually
enjoy.
C.
I
need
this
time
alone
to
re-energize
my
mind
and
spirit.
D.
That’s
a
very
good
way
to
sharpen
my
powers
of
concentration.
E.
The
time
spent
alone
gives
you
a
greater
appreciation
for
yourself.
F.
When
alone,
I
have
time
to
think
about
my
goals
and
to
develop
a
strategy
to
reach
them.
G.
Thus,
I
can
see
the
real
value
of
things,
without
being
influenced
by
the
opinions
of
others.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。“我”享受独处的时光。独处的时光让“我”心灵充沛,
是“我”的精神家园。短文介绍了独处对于作者的益处。
1.
【解析】选C。上一句说“For
me,
I’d
rather
be
alone.
”对我来说,
我宁愿一个人待着。此句承接上文,
解释独处对自己的意义:
我需要这段独处的时光让自己的心灵和精神重新获得能量。故选C。
2.
【解析】选F。这篇文章为“总—分—总”式结构,
从第二段开始逐一分述独处的具体作用。根据第二段后文可知,
独处给我时间真正思考自己的人生,
思考自己想要的生活,
段首句应该能概括这一点,
故F选项“当我一个人的时候,
我有时间思考我的目标,
并制定一个策略来实现它们”为本段标题。故选F。
3.
【解析】选D。根据上句“当我独自一人时,
我可以练习冥想,
降低我的压力水平”可知选项承接上文。故D选项“那是一个很好的方法来提高我的注意力。”切题。选D。
4.
【解析】选G。上一句“当我一个人的时候,
我有更多的时间后退”且空格处承接上文,
故G选项“因此,
我可以看到事物的真正价值,
而不受他人意见的影响。”切题。故选G。
5.
【解析】选B。前面一句说与众共处时,
我总是在妥协以求团体开心,
这样做的结果就是我不能做自己真正喜欢的事。空格处承接上文。故B选项“这样会阻止我做自己真正喜欢的事”切题。故选B。
