25.备战高考英语语法填空专题突破（教师版+学生版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
高考英语语法填空专题突破
)
（一）语法填空考点
1、纯空格题：介词、冠词、代词、情态动词、副词（however,
therefore）、连词（包括并列连词和从句引导词）
2、给出动词题：谓语动词（时态和语态）、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词和分词）
3、给出形容词副词：变为比较级或最高级
（二）语法填空解题技巧
1、纯空格试题的解题技巧
技巧1：当句子缺主语或宾语，填代词。前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语、表语和同位语情况等)
主要考察：人称代词we,
you,
her,
it,
they等；物主代词my,
their,
yours,
hers等；反身代词himself,
themselves等；指示代词this,
these,
that,
those;不定代词
everything,
something,
anything,
nothing,
everyone,
someone,
everybody,
somebody,
anybody,
nobody,
both,
either,
neither,
all,
none,
each,
others,
the
other,
another,
the
others,
one,
the
one(s).
We
have
learned
to
associate
packaging
with
quality.
We
have
learned
to
think
that
__________
without
packaging
is
of
poor
quality.
I
was
thin
before
I
started
football,
but
as
a
member
of
this
team
I
wouldn't
eat
much,
because
I
thought
to
_____
that
I
was
afraid
of
being
too
full
to
run.
Finally,
I
ended
up
leaving
the
football
team.
Some
students
want
a
campus
that
will
give
them
the
excitement
and
rich
cultural
life
of
a
big
city
such
as
New
York,
Chicago,
or
Los
Angeles.
_____value
the
peace
and
beauty
of
a
rural
setting,
whether
the
quiet
forests
and
snowy
winters
of
the
Northeast,
subtropical
Florida,
the
dry
expanses
of
the
West,
or
the
Pacific
coast
with
its
seashore
and
nearby
mountains.
With
a
smile
on
his
face,
and
nervous
laugh,
he
took
the
last
cookie
and
broke
it
in
half.
He
offered
her
a
half,
and
ate
_____
_____.
She
remembered
how
difficult
__________
was
to
choose
a
suitable
Christmas
present
for
her
father.
.
When
my
siblings
and
I
were
growing
up,
I
always
sensed
something
was
missing
in
my
life,
____________fundamental
to
my
very
identity,
to
who
I
was
and
where
I
came
from.
In
order
to
keep
team
members
positive
and
motivated,
the
team
leader
_________needs
to
show
these
qualities.
Many
foods
were
invented
at
times
of
conflict
to
keep
soldiers
healthy.
Fortunately,
some
of
those
foods
still
exist
to
keep
________
happy
and
satisfied.
In
fact,
the
frequency
of
shared
meals
has
decreased
in
American
families
by
33
per
cent
over
the
last
twenty
years.
The
meals
______
have
shortened
too:
from
an
average
of
90
minutes
to
just
12
minutes.
The
shop
attracts
many
autistic
customers.
And
being
autistic
_________
turns
out
to
be
a
big
help
for
the
brothers
to
deal
with
customers.
We
never
spoke
again,
but
this
gracious
teacher
strengthened
my
belief
in
doing
what
my
mother
always
taught
me:
Write
thank-you
notes—
______
never
know
how
many
people
your
kindness
can
touch.
Ursula
Philpot,
a
dietitian
at
the
British
Dietetic
Association,
said,
“It
is
difficult
to
blame
them
completely.
If
it
weren’t
the
bloggers,
then
it
could
be
______
else.
【Keys】
1.
anything
2.
myself
3.
Others
4.
the
other
5.
it
6.
something
7.
himself
8.
everyone/us
9.
themselves
10.
themselves
11.
you
12.
someone
技巧2：
在名词或“形容词+名词”前,填限定词。
如表示特指时用the/this/that/these/those
表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an
表示“某人的”,用形容词性物主代词
表示“两者都”用both
表示“另一个”用another
表示“每一个”用every/each
表示“其他的”用other等,注意other接名词复数。
For
the
study,
researchers
studied
the
development
of
friendships
and
_____
peer
relationships
during
adolescence
and
their
impact
on
psychological
adjustment.
When
performing
_____
challenging
mental
task,
do
it
in
silence,
Perham
recommended.
The
company
plans
to
double
the
current
number
of
domestic
stores
to
nearly
12,000.
To
meet
_______
target,
Sawbucks
will
start
more
stores
at
airports
and
supermarkets.
But
when
cut,
tobacco
plants
emitted
______
average
of
15
sounds
within
an
hour
of
being
cut,
while
tomato
plants
produced
25
sounds.
Luxembourg
is
a
very
attractive
place
for
jobs.
But
______
“booming
economy”
and
high
concentration
of
jobs
have
led
to
crowding
issues.
Women
on
two
wheels
have
become
______
familiar
sight
on
the
roads
of
most
Asian
countries
during
the
past
few
years.
They
expect
to
be
given
the
respect
they
deserve,
both
at
home
and
at
work.
They
have
realized
(3)
______
intellectual
potential
and
have
determined
to
do
something
about
it!
【Keys】
other
a
the/this/that
an
its
a
their
技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。
常用介词：in,
on,
at,
to,
from,
of,
off,
under,
above,
below,
over,
across,
through,
beyond,
behind,
beside,
between,
among,
near,
up,
down,
along,
around,
before,
after,
since,
for,
against,
besides,
except,
by,
with,
without,
about,
as,
like,
during,
into,
throughout,
until,
within,
toward,
past,
despite,
regardless
of,
in
spite
of,
because
of,
due
to,
owing
to,
thanks
to,
except
for,
apart
from,
other
than,
such
as,
according
to,
instead
of,
rather
than,
as
well
as,
in
addition
to,
…
Some
people
have
drawn
the
conclusion
from
Bowlby’s
work
that
children
should
not
be
sent
to
day
care
before
the
age
of
three
because
of
the
parental
separation
it
involves,
and
many
people
do
believe
this.
But
there
are
also
arguments
_________
such
a
strong
conclusion.
The
total
amount
of
packaging
increased
__________
12%
between
1999
and
2005.
These
days,
many
totem
poles
no
longer
exist
_______
_______
decay
and
rot.
________
________
________
all
the
terrifying
facts,
however,
some
conservationists
say
there
is
still
hope.
Just
as
he
finished
the
first
few
bars,
one
of
the
strings
on
his
violin
broke.
We
thought
that
he
would
have
to
stop
the
concert.
________
everyone’s
expectation,
he
waited
a
moment,
closed
his
eyes
and
then
signaled
the
conductor
to
begin
again.
So
if
you
see
a
trip
to
the
library
_______an
adventure
and
can’t
wait
to
read
a
new
book,
you’re
probably
a
bookworm.
An
ability
to
express
ideas
_______
a
clear
and
literate
way
has
become
extremely
necessary
for
work,
study
and
everyday
life.
Now
that
what
works
for
you
in
photos
has
been
figured
out,
start
using
what
you’ve
learned
from
your
old
pictures,
practicing
in
front
of
the
mirror.
Work
on
your
favorites
and
you’ll
be
able
to
mentally
pick
out
a
pose
in
the
future
–
______
a
mirror.
Self-esteem
is,
very
simply,
the
set
of
feelings
you
have
about
yourself.
It’s
developed
by
your
experiences,
thoughts,
feelings,
and
relationships.
__________
self-knowledge,
which
refers
to
how
much
you
know
about
yourself,
self-esteem
is
formed
around
whether
you
like
yourself
or
not.
10).
What
is
striking,
however,
is
that
such
facts
are
found
sharing
a
page
with
the
record
of
the
heaviest
train
to
be
pulled
_______
a
beard.
11).
Americans
find
that
dinner
with
family
and
friends
is
a
very
special
of
enjoying
time
together.
________
so
many
people
in
other
cultures,
many
Americans
are
taking
time
to
relax
and
enjoy
a
wider
variety
of
tastes
at
dinner,
even
if
they
still
rush
through
lunch
at
a
hamburger
stand.
12).
But
the
next
morning,
to
my
surprise,
I
awoke
to
find
signs
of
spring
all
over
my
yard.
________
my
absence,
all
sorts
of
things
had
leafed
and
bloomed.
【Keys】1.
against
2.
by
3.
because
of
4.
In
spite
of
5.
Beyond
6.
as
7.
in
8.
without
Unlike
10.with
11.
Like
12.
In/During
技巧4：若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,
does,
did等)。
“I
___________hardly
stand
the
idea
of
having
to
talk
to
strangers
on
the
Tube
on
my
way
to
work,”
he
told
the
BBC.
For
all
the
attention
I
was
getting
I
_________
as
well
not
have
been
there.
I
felt
a
stranger.
Students
can’t
wear
jumpers,
jackets
or
coats
indoors.
Also,
girls
and
boys
______wear
black
leather
shoes
and
black
socks.
Sports
shoes
are
not
allowed.
Next
time
you
buy
Mentos
at
the
counter
of
7-Eleven,
you
______
thank
the
ancient
Egyptians
for
creating
a
way
to
conceal
the
unpleasant
smell
of
our
mouth.
In
my
opinion,
it
is
possible
for
you
to
find
some
real
good
friends
with
the
help
of
new
technology
but
you
______
______
take
care.
Strasser
said
Lowell
got
in
through
the
back
door,
which
he
kept
open
at
night
so
that
Bonnie
_____
get
into
the
backyard.
The
law,
which
is
called
the
Distracted
Walking
Law,
does
permit
an
exception.
Pedestrians
__________
use
such
devices
in
the
street
to
call
emergency
services
and
rescue
workers,
such
as
firefighters
and
police
officers.
Online
lessons
allow
these
kids
to
complete
their
coursework
and
still
interact
with
peers.
Some
students
with
medical
conditions
______
“go”
to
school
via
video
conferencing
or
even
with
the
help
of
robots
enabled
with
video
chat
that
they
can
control
remotely.
Not
until
our
ancestors
grew
crops
as
much
as
they
needed
and
where
they
needed
them
__________
they
live
together
in
larger
groups.
Not
until
I
returned
______I
realize
that
a
quiet
town
life
was
the
best
for
me.
【Keys】1.can
2.
might
3.
must
4.
should
5.
have
to/ought
to
6.
could
7.
can/may
8.
can
9.could
10.
did
技巧5：若两个或三个单词、短语或句子之间设空，可能是填并列连词。若两句之间表示转折关系有逗号填however，前后对比用while，表因果关系有逗号填therefore,
无逗号填so。
并列连词：and,
but,
or,
so,
for,
yet,
then,
however,
therefore,
while,
either…or,
neither…nor,
not
only…but
also,
not…but
Once
he
handed
out
the
test
papers
to
all
students,
he
asked
them
to
turn
the
test
pages
and
begin.
Students’
were
confused
to
see
there
was
not
a
question
____
just
a
black
dot
in
the
center
of
the
page.
Drug
abuse
has
serious
effects
on
individuals
physically
and
mentally,
_________
the
economic
losses
caused
by
drug
abuse
are
great.
Charles
Cheadle
of
Cesar
Chavez
School
says,
“Boys
are
not
so
afraid
that
they
might
do
something
that
will
harm
the
computer,
(38)
____________girls
are
afraid
they
might
break
it
somehow.”
This
tends
to
make
watering
much
easier
and
ensures
adequate
water
is
provided
for
the
plants.
Most
inexperienced
gardeners
water
little
________very
frequently.
Grown-ups
can
hardly
find
children’s
game
exciting,
and
they
often
feel
puzzled
at
why
their
kids
play
such
simple
game
again
and
again.
_________,
it
is
found
that
a
child
plays
games
for
very
important
reasons.
Not
only
are
more
people
taking
to
running,
they
are
________
using
wearable
devices
and
using
software
on
their
cellphones
to
record
the
distance
they
cover
and
the
amount
of
calories
they
burn.
【Keys】but
and
while
but
However
also
技巧6：若两句之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一般填从属连词。
定语从句:
关代：that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
as;
关副：when,
where,
why
名词性从句:
从属连词：that,
if/whether,
because,
as
if;
关代：what,
who,
whom,
whose,
which,
whatever,
whoever,
whomever,
whichever;
关副：when,
where,
how,
why,
whenever,
wherever,
however
状语从句:
时间：when,
while,
as,
before,
after,
every/each
time,
as
soon
as,
the
moment/minute,
hardly…when,
no
sooner…than,
since,
once,
until
地点：where,
wherever
原因：because,
as,
since,
now
that
目的：in
order
that,
so
that,
in
case,
for
fear
that
结果：so
that,
so/such…that
比较：than,
as…as,
the
more…the
more
让步：although,
though,
even
if/though,
while,
as,
no
matter
what/
who/when…,
whatever….,
whether…or,
方式：as,
as
if/though,
条件：if,
unless,
as
long
as…
At
the
age
of
three
or
three
and
a
half
almost
all
children
find
the
change
to
nursery
easy,
and
this
is
undoubtedly
_________
more
and
more
parents
make
use
of
child
care
at
this
time.
__________it
is
a
blind
person
seeking
guidance
or
an
elderly
person
seeking
support,
the
rail
is
there
for
walking.
All
of
them
described
about
the
black
dot,
____
position
they
tried
to
explain.
I
remembered
something
in
my
purse
________I
thought
could
help
her.
He
says,
“Once
we’re
the
wrong
side
of
the
boundary,
it
doesn’t
mean
everything
goes
wrong
immediately,
but
there
is
a
remarkable
higher
risk
______
things
will
go
badly
wrong.”
Conflicts
will
arise
________well
a
team
functions
together.
However,
getting
advice
from
_______
cares
about
you
can
impact
your
life
in
great
ways.
Finally,
I
ended
up
leaving
the
football
team.
Four
other
girls
did
the
same,
two
of
______stopped
playing
football
completely.
(30)______
______
______
reasons
may
be
behind
it,
people’s
attitudes
toward
left-handedness
have
changed
a
lot
over
the
years.
List
__37__
you
believe
you
can
achieve.
All
monarchs
have
been
crowned
there_______
William
the
Conqueror
in
1066,
and
many
monarchs
have
married
in
the
Abbey.
And
even
adults
could
be
cruel.
When
my
father
was
moved
to
the
hospital,
the
nurses
would
leave
his
food
on
the
bedside
______
________
he
was
too
weak
to
feed
himself.
【Keys】why
whether
whose
that
that
however
whoever
whom
No
matter
what
what
since
even
if
技巧7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。（强调、倒装、感叹）
But
I
wanted
to
prove
to
myself
that
hard
______the
condition
was,
I
wasn't
finished
yet.
Nothing
is
to
stand
in
my
way."
In
the
US,
only
when
someone
sits
in
the
driver’s
seat
_______
driverless
cars
allowed
on
roads
in
certain
states.
As
in
the
early
history
of
the
United
States,
it
was
the
English
_______
set
up
the
settlements
in
America.
Rarely
______
people
hear
of
the
concept
of
semi-retirement
in
the
past
but
now
semi-retirement
has
become
the
routine
among
wealthier
people
in
their
50s
and
60s.
In
doing
so,
you’ll
be
able
to
see
what
it
is
______you
admire
in
this
person.
【Keys】as
are
that
did
that
2、
给出动词的解题技巧
技巧8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；此时前看看,后看看确定时态和语态。(注意定语从句可省略宾语及宾语从句省略that情况)
The
woman
looked
down,
______（shake）her
head
and
said:“Not
so
good.”
If
the
trend
continues,
by
2020,
the
world
________(lose)
two-thirds
of
its
vertebrate
biodiversity.
Since
it
drew
recent
media
attention,
Woon
(hear)
from
resorts
and
restaurants
in
10
countries,
including
the
United
States.
If
you
have
kids,
and
they
_______
(not
see)
this
film
yet,
it’s
safe
to
say
they’d
enjoy
it.
The
week
I
turned
50,
my
marriage
came
to
a
sudden
end.
My
house,
furniture
and
everything
I
_______(own)
was
sold
to
pay
debts
that
I
didn’t
know
existed.
One
day
Gene
and
Hannah
Bortnick
heard
piano
music
coming
from
their
living
room.
They
thought
their
3-year-old
son
Ethan
______
(listen)
to
a
CD.
Family-friendly
facilities
________(develop)
for
a
new
golfing
demographic(人群)
in
the
following
years.
“They
develop
particular
habits,
or
won’t
eat
food
when
walking,
because
they
think
that
food
can
only
be
eaten
when
they
______
(seat),”
she
said.
Many
of
history's
greatest
discoveries
______
(make)
by
curious
people.
People
wondered______
processes
worked
or
how
certain
tasks
could
be
done
more
effectively.
It
comes
after
a
study
found
there__________
(be)
more
than
11,000
injuries
in
the
United
States
resulting
from
phone-related
distraction
while
walking
in
the
past
few
years.
The
saying
“an
army
marches
on
its
stomach”
tells
the
importance
of
giving
soldiers
tasty,
nutritious
foods.
In
some
cases,
foods
that
________
(create)
for
soldiers
or
during
times
of
war
became
popular
in
homes
as
well.
Now
that
what
works
for
you
in
photos
______
(figure)
out,
start
using
what
you’ve
learned
from
your
old
pictures,
practicing
in
front
of
the
mirror.
Work
on
your
favorites
and
you’ll
be
able
to
mentally
pick
out
a
pose
in
the
future
–without
______
a
mirror.
China
_______
(promote)
garbage
sorting
for
over
a
decade,
but
for
the
majority
of
the
public
the
concept
hasn’t
sunk
in.
【Keys】
1.shook
2.will
have
lost
3.
has
heard
4.
haven’t
seen
5.
had
owned
6.
was
listening
7.
will
be
developed
8.
are
seated
9.
were
made
10.
had
been
11.
had
been
created/were
created
12.
has
been
figured
13.
has
promoted/
has
been
promoting
技巧9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用不定式、动名词还是分词。
不定式to
do表将来，常考作宾语、目的状语；
动名词doing
表习惯性动作，常考作主语、宾语；
现在分词doing
表主动、进行，常考作表语、定语、状语；
过去分词done表被动、完成，常考作表语、定语、状语。
Picking
a
great
gift
require
_______(know)
the
person
you’re
giving
it
to.
Recycling
in
the
home
is
very
important
of
course.
However,
__________(force)
to
recycle
often
means
we
already
have
more
material
than
we
need.
________(not
do)anything
like
this
before,
I
didn’t
know
what
kind
of
reaction
I
might
receive.
Many
people
find
that
emotions
can
stimulate
them
to
eat
when
they
are
not
hungry,
which
often
leads
to
________(eat)
too
many
calories
from
foods
that
have
low
nutritional
value.”
At
the
2016
Oscar
ceremony,
DiCaprio’s
_______
(win)
the
award
for
Best
Actor
impressed
all
the
audience
present.
It
is
the
most
urgent
threat
________
(face)
our
entire
species,
and
we
need
to
work
collectively
together
and
stop
procrastinating（拖延）.
So
the
clergyman
repeated
the
question
in
an
even
sterner
tone,
“Where
is
God!!?”
Again
the
boy
made
no
attempt
______
(answer).
King
Edgar
was
the
first
monarch_______
(bury)
there
in
1065.
______
(analyze)
all
these
old
photos,
you
can
find
a
few
natural
poses
you
can
use
in
the
future.
Certainly,
if
you
dislike
yourself,
you’ll
be
more
likely
__________
(depress).
If
you
still
want
to
text
while
walking,
you
could
avoid
__________
(fine)
in
Honolulu
by
using
a
voice-controlled
digital
assistant
such
as
Siri
or
Google
Assistant.
Over
the
last
10
years,
technological
innovations
have
made
education
more
interactive,
immediate
and
______
(personalize),
—
and
have
shown
us
the
potential
for
more
accessible
and
effective
classrooms.
And
this
didn’t
include
the
time
__________
(devote)
to
Lawrence
and
her
dress
on
the
pre-show
televised
red
carpet.
Finding
it
much
more
difficult
to
compete
with
big
brand
names
to
dress
super
stars
on
big
events,
many
young
designers
turn
to
__________
(bet)
on
promising
rising
stars,
expecting
an
overnight
success
if
the
young
stars
rise
to
sudden
fame.
_________
(test)
multiple
times,
the
deadly
myxoma
virus
was
released
on
Australia's
rabbits
in
1950.
【Keys】1.knowing
2.being
forced
3.Not
having
done
4.
eating
5.
winning
6.
facing
7.to
answer
8.
to
be
buried
9.
Having
analyzed
10.
to
be
depressed
11.
being
fined
12.
personalized
13.
devoted
14.
betting
15.Having
been
tested
3、给出形容词或副词的解题技巧
技巧10：括号中给出形容词或副词，考查其原级比较级最高级。注意比较级有+er的，加more的，还有加less的，加the
least的。
The
students
were
even____
(confused)
but
started
the
test
by
then.
Infinium
Robotics
is
working
on
a
model
that
will
carry
twice
as
(much)
food.
While
people
were
amazed
by
how
generous
they
could
get,
Figueroa
said
she
had
the
__________
(unforgettable)
Christmas
experience
in
her
12
years
of
working
for
McDonald’s.
On
the
other
hand,
plants
which
have
a
good
adaptation
to
dry
conditions
or
have
the
ability
to
store
water
in
their
cells
require
________(frequent)
watering
.
After
just
12
minutes
with
dogs,
patients’
hearts
and
lungs
seemed
to
be
working
______
(well).
Another
study,
(26)
______
(conduct)
by
the
National
Center
on
Addiction
and
Substance
Abuse
(滥用)
at
6).
Columbia
University,
found
that
kids
who
eat?dinner
with
their
parents
five
or
more
times
a
week
are
(27)
______
(likely)
to
have
problems
with
drugs
and
alcohol.
【Keys】more
confused
much
most
unforgettable
less
frequent
better
less
likely
（三）两个空和三个空的填法
两空常填连词
表原因：now
that
表时间：every
time/
the
moment
表让步：even
if
/
even
though
表方式：as
if
/
as
though
表目的：so
that
/
in
case
表结果：so
that
定语从句：介词
+
which
表除了：except
that
表疑问：how
much
(many/long/often/soon)
三空常填连词
表目的：in
order
that
/
for
fear
that
表时间：as
soon
as
表条件：as/so
long
as
/
on
condition
that
表让步：no
matter
how
+
adj./
no
matter
what
(+
n.)
另：as
far
as
(as
far
as
I
know,
as
far
as
I’m
concerned)
两空常填介词
表原因：because
of/
due
to/
owing
to/thanks
to
表让步：regardless
of
表相反：instead
of/
rather
than
表除了：except
for
/
other
than/apart
from
表根据/例举：according
to
/
such
as
三空常填介词
表让步：in
spite
of
表并列：as
well
as
表除了：in
addition
to
表目的：in
order
to
两空常填情态动词
have
to
/
had
better
/
ought
to
/
may/might
(as)
well
Nowadays
there
are
a
lot
of
modern
electrical
appliances
at
home
______
______
rice
cookers,
micro
waves
and
washing
machines,
which
make
life
easy
for
the
modern
housewives.
When
food
had
not
appeared
within
thirty
seconds,
Randy
began
using
his
spoon
on
Alex’s
head
______
______
it
were
a
drum.
That
meant
________
________
someone
sent
me
a
text
or
I
wanted
to
send
a
text,
I
could
only
use
the
popular
tiny
picture
characters
to
respond
to
or
start
a
conversation.
Customers
usually
don’t
have
to
ask
________
________
items
cost,
since
prices
are
clearly
marked.
Lawyers,
truck
drivers,
bankers
and
models
were
rubbing
their
eyes
or
crying
openly
with
no
shame
________
________
the
words
from
a
long
forgotten
English
teacher
from
their
hometown.
_______
_______
_______
help
business
travelers
plan
their
free
time
better,
we’ve
created
this
overview
of
things
to
do
in
Chicago.
In
many
parts
of
ancient
world,
garlic
was
thought
to
avoid
unfriendly
spirits,
treat
wounds
_______
________
_______
protect
against
disease.
These
children
are
often
from
broken
families
______
_____
there
is
no
father
figure.
Each
day
is
a
gift,
and
_____
_____
_____
my
eyes
open,
I’ll
focus
on
the
new
day
and
all
the
happy
memories
I’ve
stored
away…just
for
this
time
in
my
life.”
Status
and
appearance
went
hand
in
hand,
and
______
______
______
the
upper
class
was
concerned,
the
more
makeup
the
better.
【Keys】such
as
as
if
every
time
how
much
because
of
in
order
to
as
well
as
in
which
as
long
as/as
soon
as
as
far
as
2018年1月上海高考
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passage
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,
use
one
word
that
best
fits
each
blank.
My
Kid-Free
Life
I
had
expected
to
have
more
free
time
after
my
sons,
Evan
and
Alex,
each
left
for
college,
and
I
do.
The
kitchen
calendar
looks
spare.
Rarely
(21)
______
I
need
to
prepare
family
dinner
every
day.
There
is
a
lot
(22)
______
(much)
laundry.
When
the
boys
were
infants,
I
wondered
how
I
(23)
______
(spend)
all
the
hours
before
they
were
born,
(24)
______
______
I
have
those
hours
back,
I
can
focus
on
my
own
needs.
I
had
also
expected
to
worry
about
them
when
they
were
away.
And
I
do.
Did
they
get
their
flu
shots
(流感疫苗注射)?
Will
they
remember
the
talks
about
"good
choices"?
On
the
other
hand,
the
worry
is
mixed
with
relief.
I
have
seen
(25)
______
vigorously
they
grow
without
me.
Do
I
miss
them?
Yes.
Both
more
and
less
than
I'd
guessed.
Do
I
feel
united
for
having
lost
my
primary
role
in
life?
No,
because
over
the
year,
I
took
great
pride
(26)
______
the
fact
that
my
identity
was
not
dependent
on
theirs.
But,
surprisingly,
yes.
(27)
______
(be)
a
different
kind
of
mother
defines
me
now.
The
missing
comes
at
unexpected
moments:
seeing
the
school
bus
drive
by,
starting
to
put
too
many
plates
on
the
table…
When
they
have
doubts
about
friendships
or
job
prospects,
I
can
only
say,
"I'm
sure
you
will
figure
it
out."
And
yet,
the
spaces
(28)
______
(empty)
by
loss
are
more
than
filled
by
what
I've
found.
I
now
have
the
chance
(29)
______
(see)
them
as
the
whole
world
does
but
also
like
no
one
else
ever
will.
As
adults
I
happened
to
help
create.
The
rooms
(30)
______
the
boys
used
to
live
look
vacant.
I
feel
sadness
but
also
joy.
I
knew
they
would
leave,
but
they
will
find
their
way
back.
My
home
is
empty.
But
overflowing.
Key:
21.
do
22.
less
23.
had
spent
24.
now
that
25.
how
26.
in
27.
To
be/
Being
28.
emptied
29.
to
see
30.
where
2017年1月上海高考
Last
weekend,
the
latest
Disney
movie,
zootopia,
broke
records.
The
movie
had
the
largest
opening
weekend
for
a
Disney
animation.
People
across
the
U.S
bought
more
than
$75million
worth
of
tickets.
Zootopia
is
a
city
of
animals.
The
movie
starts
with
a
rabbit
police
officer
and
a
fox
criminal
21___________team
up
to
find
a
missing
otter
(水獭).
He
is
among
several
animals
that
have
suddenly
disappeared
from
the
city.
Zootopia
22___________(praise)
for
its
sharp
humor
and
strong
message
since
its
release.
The
film
explores
racism
and
other
issues
in
the
description
of
relations
23___________
two
kinds
of
animals
in
the
city.
Jaed
Bush
had
Phil
wrote
zootopia.
They
told
reporters
that
it
started
out
as
a
spy
movie
24___________(set)
in
several
different
contexts.
But
they
changed
the
story
25___________they
found
the
animal
world
especially
interesting.
They
said
to
26___________something
like
this,
“What’s
this
world
like?
What’s
the
history
of
this
world?”
and
then,
Bush
said,
they
went
to
the
experts.
Not
only
27___________the
writers
speak
with
people
who
study
culture
and
group
behavior,
but
also
they
talked
with
animals
experts
like
zookeepers
The
creators
have
noted
that
the
variety
of
animals
was
not
easy
28___________(produce)
in
drawings.
In
the
movie,
64
species
live
in
multiple
neighborhoods
29___________(represent)
different
animals’
living
environments.
Disney
says
zootopia
is
its
30___________(complex)
animation
yet.
The
extra
effort
is
certainly
paying
off
at
the
box
office.
【Keys】
21.who
22.
has
been
praised
23.
between
24.set
25.
when/after/because/as/since
26.
themselves
27.
did
28.
to
produce
29.
representing
30.
most
complex
2017年6月上海高考
In
the
presence
of
animals
A
professor
of
public
health
at
UCLA
says
that
pet
ownership
might
provide
a
new
form
of
health
care.
As
far
back
as
the1790s,
the
elderly
at
a
senior
citizens'
home
in
England
21___________
(encourage)
to
spend
time
with
farm
animals.
This
would
help
patients'
mental
state
more
than
the
cruel
therapies
22__________
(use)
on
the
mentally
ill
at
the
time.
In
recent
years,
scientists
have
finally
begun
to
find
proof
23__________
contact
with
animals
can
increase
a
sick
person's
chance
of
survival
and
has
been
shown
24___________(lower)
heart
rate,
calm
upset
children,
and
get
people
to
start
a
conversation.
Scientist
think
that
animal
companionship
is
beneficial
25___________animals
are
accepting
and
attentive,
and
they
don't
criticize
or
give
orders.
Animals
have
the
unique
ability
to
be
more
social.
For
example,
visitors
to
nursing
homes
get
more
social
responses
from
patients
when
they
come
with
animal
companions.
Not
only
do
people
seem
26___________
(anxious)
when
animals
are
nearby,
but
they
may
also
live
longer.
Studies
show
that
a
year
27___________
heart
surgery,
survival
rates
for
heart
patients
were
higher
for
those
with
pets
in
their
homes
than
those
without
pets.
Elderly
people
with
pets
make
fewer
trips
to
doctors
than
those
without
animal
companions,
possibly
because
animals
relieve
loneliness.
Staying
with
animals
is
believed
to
create
a
peaceful
state
of
mind,
28___________(result)
in
a
favourable
environment
for
everyone.
Research
confirms
that
the
findings
concerning
senior
citizens
can
be
applied
to
restless
children.
They
are
more
easy-going
when
there
are
animals
around,
with
29___________
company
they
tend
to
calm
down
more
easily.
They
involve
30___________
in
playing
with
animals
and
the
presence
of
animals
comforts
them
greatly.
【Keys】
21.
were
encouraged
22.
used
23.
that
24.
to
lower
25.
because/as/
since
26.
less
anxious
27.
after
28.
resulting
29.
whose
30.
themselves
2016年上海高考
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passage
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,
use
one
word
that
best
fits
each
blank.
(A)
Bags
of
Love
Last
year,
I
was
assigned
to
work
at
an
office
near
my
mother’s
house,
so
I
stayed
with
her
for
a
month.
During
that
time,
I
helped
out
with
the
housework
and
contributed
to
the
groceries.
After
less
than
a
week,
I
started
noticing
that
the
groceries
were
running
out
pretty
quickly
—
we
were
always
suddenly
out
of
something.
(25)_______(wonder)
how
my
mum
could
consume
them
so
quickly,
I
began
observing
her
daily
routine
for
two
weeks.
To
my
surprise,
I
found
that
she
would
pack
a
paper
bag
full
of
canned
goods
and
head
out
every
morning
at
about
nine.
Eventually,
I
decided
to
follow
her
and
(26)_______
happened
truly
amazed
me.
She
was
taking
the
food
to
the
refugee
camp,
in
(27)______
she
distributed
it
to
children.
I
asked
around
and
found
out
that
my
mum
was
very
well
known
in
the
area.
The
kids
were
very
friendly
with
her
and
even
looked
up
to
her
as
if
she
were
their
own
mother.
Then
it
hit
me
—why
would
she
not
want
to
tell
me
about
what
she
(28)_____(do)?
Was
she
worried
about
how
I
would
react
or
that
I
would
stop
(29)_____(buy)
the
groceries
if
I
found
out?
When
she
got
home,
I
told
her
about
my
discovery.
(30)_____
she
could
react,
I
gave
her
a
big
hug
and
told
her
she
didn’t
need
to
keep
it
a
secret
(31)______
me.
She
told
me
that
some
of
the
children
lived
with
an
older
lady
in
a
shelter
while
others
slept
on
the
streets.
For
years,
my
mum
has
been
helping
out
by
giving
them
whatever
food
she
could
spare.
I
was
so
impressed
by
(32)_____
selfless
she
was.
(B)
Stress:
Good
or
Bad?
Stress
used
to
be
an
almost
unknown
word,
but
now
that
we
are
used
to
talking
about
it,
I
have
found
that
people
are
beginning
to
get
stressed
about
being
stressed.
In
recent
years,
stress(33)______(regard)
as
a
cause
of
a
whole
range
of
medical
problems,
from
high
blood
pressure
to
mental
illness.
But
like
so
many
other
things,
it
is
only
too
much
stress(34)______
does
you
harm.
It
is
time
you
considered
that
if
there
were
no
stress
in
your
life,
you
would
achieve
a
little.
If
you
are
stuck
at
home
with
no
stress,
then
your
level
of
performance
will
be
low.
Up
to
a
certain
point,
the
more
stress
you
are
under,
the
(35)_____(good)
your
performance
will
be.
Beyond
a
certain
point,
though
,
further
stress
will
only
lead
to
exhaustion,
illness
and
finally
a
breakdown.
You
can
tell
when
you
are
over
the
top
and
on
the
downward
slope,
by
asking
yourself
(36)_______
number
of
questions.
Do
you,
for
instance,
feel
that
too
much
is
being
expected
of
(37)______,
and
yet
find
it
impossible
to
say
no?
Do
you
find
yourself
getting
impatient
or(38)
_____(annoy)
with
people
over
unimportant
things?...
If
the
answer
to
all
those
questions
is
yes,
you
had
better(39)______(control
)
your
stress,
as
you
probably
are
under
more
stress
than
is
good
for
you.
To
some
extent
you
can
control
the
amount
of
stress
in
your
life.
Doctors
have
worked
out
a
chart
showing
how
much
stress
is
involved
in
various
events.
Getting
married
is
50,
pregnancy
40,
moving
house
20,
Christmas
12,etc.
If
the
total
stress
in
your
life
is
over
150,
you
are
twice
as
likely
(40)_______
(get
)ill.
【Keys】
25.?Wondering?
?
26.?what??
27.?which?
28.?had?done
29.?buying?
?30.?Before?
31.?from??
32.?how??
33.?has?been?regarded??
34.?that
??35.?better??
36.?a??37.?you??
38.?annoyed??
39.?control?
?40.?to?get
2015年上海高考
(A）
Gift
from
a
stranger
?
My
local
supermarket
is
always
busy.
The
first
parking
space
I
found
was
convenient,
but
I’d
noticed
a
woman
in
a
blue
car
circling
for
a
while.
(25)
_____
I
was
in
a
good
mood,
I
let
her
have
it.
On
the
edge
of
the
car
park
I
backed
into
the
next
available
spot—it
was
a
tight
fit.
Pretty
soon
I’d
made
my
way
through
the
supermarket
and
was
back
in
the
fresh
air.
Feeling
good,
I
(26)
_____
(empty)
my
purse
change
into
the
hands
of
a
homeless
man
and
helped
a
struggling
woman
reverse
park.
Just
as
I
approached
my
car,
I
saw
the
woman
I’d
let
have
my
car
spot
earlier.
She
was
giving
me
(27)
_____
odd
look—half
puzzled,
half
intent
(热切的).
I
smiled
and
wished
her
a
pleasant
day.
As
I
squeezed
back
into
my
car,
I
saw
the
same
lady
(28)
_____
(look)
in
at
me.
“Hello,”
she
said,
hesitantly.
“This
(29)
_____
sound
crazy
but
I
was
on
my
way
to
drop
some
of
my
mother’s
things
off
at
the
charity
bins.
You
are
just
so
much
(30)
_____
her.
You
helped
those
people,
I
noticed,
and
you
seemed
so
happy.”
She
looked
at
me
meaningfully
and
passed
a
box
in
through
the
window.
“I
think
she
would
like
you
to
have
it.”
(31)
_____
(shock),
I
took
it
from
her
automatically.
She
smiled
and
walked
away.
After
a
pause,
I
opened
the
box.
Inside
was
a
beautiful
gold
necklace
with
a
large
grey
pearl.
It
was
(32)
_____
(nice)
gift
I’d
ever
received,
and
it
was
from
a
complete
stranger.
The
necklace
was
around
my
neck,
a
warm
reminder
of
human
kindness.
(B)
Ask
Helpful
Hannah
Dear
Helpful
Hannah,
I’ve
got
a
problem
with
my
husband,
Sam.
He
bought
a
smartphone
a
couple
of
months
ago,
and
he
took
it
on
our
recent
ski
vacation
to
Colorado.
It
was
a
great
trip
except
for
one
problem.
He
has
a
constant
urge
(33)
_____
(check)
for
text
messages;
he
checks
his
phone
every
five
minutes!
He’s
so
addicted
to
it
that
he
just
can’t
stand
the
idea
(34)
_____
there
may
be
an
important
text.
He
can’t
help
checking
even
at
inappropriate
times
like
when
we
are
eating
in
a
restaurant
and
I
am
talking
to
him!
He
behaves
(35)
_____
_____
any
small
amount
of
boredom
can
make
him
feel
the
need
to
check
his
phone
even
when
he
knows
he
shouldn’t.
The
temptation
to
see
(36)
_____
is
contacting
him
is
just
too
great.
When
I
ask
him
to
please
put
down
the
phone
and
stop
(37)
_____
(ignore)
me,
he
says,
“In
a
minute,”
but
still
checks
to
see
if
(38)
_____
has
posted
something
new
on
the
Internet.
Our
life
(39)
_____
(interrupt).
If
we
go
somewhere
and
I
ask
him
to
leave
the
phone
at
home,
he
suffers
from
withdrawal
symptoms.
Maybe
this
dependency
on
his
smartphone
has
become
more
than
an
everyday
problem.
I
recently
read
an
article
about
“nomophobia,”
(40)
_____
is
a
real
illness
people
can
suffer
from:
the
fear
of
being
without
your
phone!
I
am
worried
that
Sam
may
be
suffering
from
this
illness
because
he
feels
anxious
if
he
doesn’t
have
his
phone
with
him,
even
for
a
short
time.
Who
would
have
thought
that
little
devices
like
these
could
have
brought
so
much
trouble!
Sick
and
Tired
Sadie
【Keys】
25.????As
/
Because
/
Since
26.????emptied
27.????an
28.????looking
29.????might
/
may
30.????like
31.????Shocked
32.????the
nicest
33.????to
check
34.????that
35.????as
if
/
as
though
36.????who
37.????ignoring
38.????someone
/
somebody
39.????has
been
interrupted
/
is
being
interrupted
/
is
interrupted
40.????which
2014年上海高考
(A)
My
Stay
in
New
York
After
graduation
from
university,
I
had
been
unable
to
secure
a
permanent
job
in
my
small
town.
So
I
decided
to
leave
home
for
New
York,
(25)______I
might
have
a
better
chance
to
find
a
good
job.
(26)
______
(earn)
some
money
to
pay
the
daily
expenses,
I
started
work
in
a
local
café
as
a
waiter.
I
believe
that
(27)
______
______
______
I
was
offered
a
good
position,
I
would
resign
at
once.
Over
time,
the
high
cost
of
living
became
a
little
burden
on
my
already
(28)
______
(exhaust)
shoulder.
On
the
other
hand,
my
search
for
a
respectable
job
had
not
met
with
much
success.
As
I
had
studied
literature
at
university,
I
found
it
quite
difficult
to
secure
a
suitable
job
in
big
companies.
Mother
had
just
said
that
(29)
______
I
want
to
have
a
better
career
advancement,
I
had
to
find
work
in
the
city.
Perhaps
(30)
______my
mother
had
told
me
was
deeply
rooted
in
my
mind.
I
just
did
as
she
had
expected.
Soon
I
had
lived
in
the
city
for
over
six
months
but
I
still
did
not
like
it.
Apparently,
I
had
difficulty
(31)
______
(adapt)
myself
to
life
in
the
city,
let
alone
finding
a
job
to
my
delight.
After
nine
months
of
frustration,
I
eventually
decided
to
go
back
to
my
small
town.
Not
until
I
returned
(32)
______I
realize
that
a
quiet
town
life
was
the
best
for
me.
(B)
The
giant
vending
machine
(自动售货机)
is
a
new
village
shop
Villagers
have
long
been
used
to
facing
a
drive
when
they
run
out
of
basic
supplies.
However,
help
is
now
nearer
at
hand
in
form
of
the
country’s
first
automatic
push-button
shop.
Now
residents
in
the
Derbyshire
Village
of
Clifton
can
buy
groceries
around
the
clock
after
the
huge
vending
was
installed
outside
a
pub
in
the
village
this
week.
Peter
Fox,
who
is
(33)______electrical
engineer,
spent
two
and
a
half
years
working
on
the
project.
The
machine
(34)______
(equip)
with
securing
cameras
and
alarms
and
looks
like
a
mini
shop
with
a
brick
front,
a
grey
roof
and
a
display
window.
Mr.
Fox
said
he
hoped
his
invention,
(35)______
is
set
to
be
installed
in
other
villages
in
the
area
over
the
coming
months,
will
mark
a
return
to
convenience
shopping
for
rural
communities.
He
said:“
I
had
this
idea
a
few
years
ago
but
I
couldn’t
find
a
manufacture
who
could
deliver
what
I
wanted,
so
I
did
it
by
(36)______.
The
result
is
what
amounts
to
huge
outdoor
vending
machine.
Yet
I
think
the
term
“automatic
shop”
is
far
(37)______
(appropriate)
In
recent
years,
the
commercial
pressure
from
supermarket
chains
(38)______
(force)
village
shops
across
the
country
to
close.
In
2010,
it
was
estimated
that
about
400
village
shops
closed,
(39)______
(urge)
the
local
government
to
give
financial
support
to
struggling
shops
or
set-up
new
communities
stores.
Hundreds
of
communities
have
since
stepped
in
and
opened
up
their
won
volunteer-run
shops,
but
Mr.
Fox
hopes
his
new
invention
will
offer
a
solution
(40)______these
villages
without
a
local
shop.
【Keys】
25.
where
26.
To
earn
27.
as
soon
as
/
as
long
as
28.
exhausted
29.
if
30.
what
31.
adapting
32.
did
33.
an
34.
is
equipped
35.
which
36.
myself
37.
more
appropriate
38.
has
forced
39.
urging
40.
to
(A)
My
name
is
Clara.
I
still
remember
that
chilly
December
day,
sitting
in
science
class.
1
(finish)
a
worksheet
early，I
picked
up
a
TIME
for
Kids
magazine.
A
piece
of
news
caught
my
eye:
NASA
was
holding
2
essay
contest
to
name
its
Mars
rover(火星探测器).Before
I
even
knew
anything
else
about
it,
a
single
word
flooded
my
11-year-old
mind,
Curiosity.
I
couldn’t
wait
for
the
bell
to
ring
3
I
could
get
started
on
my
essay.
That
afternoon,
I
raced
home,
sat
down
at
the
computer,
and
typed
4
my
fingers
ached.
“Curiosity
is
an
everlasting
flame
that
burns
in
everyone’s
mind...”
Five
months
later,
my
mom
received
a
phone
call,
and
immediately,
a
wide
smile
5
(spread)
across
her
face.
On
August
5,2012,
at
10:31
p.m.,
the
rover
named
Curiosity
touched
down
safely
on
the
surface
of
Mars,
and
I
6
(honour)
to
have
a
front-row
seat
in
NASA.
Curiosity
is
such
an
important
part
of
who
I
am.
I
have
always
been
fascinated
by
the
stars,
the
planets,
the
sky
and
the
universe.
I
remember
as
a
little
girl,
my
grandmother
and
I
7
sit
together
in
the
backyard
for
hours.
She’d
tell
me
stories
and
point
out
the
stars.
Grandma
lived
in
China,
thousands
of
miles
away
from
my
home
in
Kansas,
but
the
stars
kept
us
together
even
when
we
were
apart.
They
were
always
there,
yet
there
was
so
much
I
didn’t
know
about
8_.
That’s
what
I
love
so
much
about
space.
People
often
ask
me
9
we
go
to
faraway
places
like
Mars.
My
answer
is
simple
because
we’re
curious.
We
human
beings
do
not
just
hole
up
in
one
place.
We
are
constantly
wondering
and
trying
to
find
out
10
is
over
the
hill
and
beyond
the
horizon.
Keys:
Having
finished
2.
an
3.
so
4.
until
5.
spread
6
was
honoured
7.
would
8.
them
9.
why
10.
what
（B）
Fear
(1)______
be
felt
in
the
heart
as
well
as
in
the
head,
according
to
a
study
that
has
found
a
link
between
the
cycles
of
a
beating
heart
and
the
chance
of
someone
feeling
fear.
Tests
on
healthy
volunteers
found
that
they
were
more
likely
to
feel
a
sense
of
fear
at
the
moment
when
their
hearts
are
contracting（收缩）and
pumping
blood
around
their
bodies,
compared
with
the
point
(2)________
the
heartbeat
is
relaxed.
Scientists
say
the
results
suggested
that
the
heart
is
able
to
influence
(3)_______
the
brain
responds
to
a
fearful
event,
depending
on
which
point
it
is
at
in
its
regular
cycle
of
contraction
and
relaxation.
Sarah
Garfinkel
at
the
Brighton
and
Sussex
Medical
School
said,
“Our
study
show
for
the
first
time
that
the
way
(4)_______
we
deal
with
fear
is
different,
(5)_______(depend)
on
when
we
see
fearful
pictures
in
relation
to
our
heart.
The
study
tested
20
healthy
volunteers
on
their
reactions
to
fear
as
they
were
shown
pictures
of
fearful
faces.
Dr.
Garfinkel
said,
“The
study
showed
that
fearful
faces
are
better
noticed
when
the
heart
is
pumping
(6)_______
when
it
is
relaxed.
Thus
our
hearts
can
also
affect
what
we
see
and
what
we
don’t
see
—
and
guide
whether
we
see
fear.”
(7)_________
(understand)
this
relationship
further,
the
scientists
also
used
a
brain
scanner
to
show
how
the
brain
influences
the
way
the
heart
changes
a
person’s
feeling
of
fear.
“So
far
we
(8)______(find)
an
important
mechanism
by
which
the
heart
and
brain
‘speak’
to
each
other
to
change
our
feelings
and
reduce
fear”
Dr.
Garfinkel
said.
“We
hope
that
by
increasing
our
understanding
about
how
fear
(9)______(deal)
with
and
ways
that
it
could
be
reduced,
we
may
be
able
to
develop
more
successful
treatments
for
anxiety,
disorders,
and
also
for
(10)________
who
are
suffering
from
serious
stress
disorder.”
Keys:
may/can
2.
when
3.
how
4.
that
5.depending
6.
than
7.
To
understand
8.
have
found
9.
is
dealt
10.
those
(C)
Uh-oh,
the
new
year's
just
begun
and
already
you're
finding
it
hard
to
keep
those
resolutions
to
junk
the
junk
food,
get
off
the
couch
or
kick
smoking.
There's
a
biological
reason
why
a
lot
of
our
bad
habits
are
so
hard
to
break
–
they
get（
1）______(wire)
into
our
brains.
"Why
are
bad
habits
stronger?
You're
fighting
against
the
power
of
an
immediate
reward,"
says
Dr.
Nora
Volkow,
director
of
the
National
Institute
on
Drug
Abuse
and
an
authority
on
the
brain's
pleasure
pathway.
"We
all
as
creatures
are
behaving
that
way,
to
give
greater
value
to
an
immediate
reward
as
opposed
to
(2)______
is
delayed,"
Volkow
says.
How
this
bit
of
happiness
turns
into
a
habit
involves
a
pleasure-sensing
chemicalnamed
dopamine.
It
causes
the
brain
(3)______(pursue)
that
reward
again
and
again
strengthening
the
connection
each
time
–
especially
when
it
gets
the
right
hint
from
your
environment.
People
tend
to
overestimate
their
ability
to
resist
temptations
around
them,
thus
(4)
______(destroy)
attempts
to
give
up
bad
habits.
Even
scientists
who
recognize
it
(5)______
show
weakness.
"I
know
popcorns
are
not
healthy.
But
every
time
I
go
to
the
cinema,
I
have
to
eat
it,"
Volkow
says，
"It's
fascinating."
A
movement
to
pay
people
for
behavior
changes
may
exploit
that
connection,
as
some
companies
offer
employees
outright
payments
or
insurance
reduction
for
adopting
better
habits.
(6)______well
paying
for
behavior
plays
out,
researchers
say
there
are
still
some
steps
that
may
help
fight
your
brain's
hold
(7)______
newly-established
habits:
Repeat,
repeat,
repeat
the
new
behavior
–
the
same
routine
at
the
same
time
of
day.
You
decide
to
exercise.
Doing
it
at
the
same
time
of
the
morning,
rather
than
fitting
it
in
casually,
(8)______
(make)
the
striatum(终脑皮层)recognize
the
habit.Therefore,
if
you
don’t
keep
doing
it,
you
will
feel
frustrated.
Exercise
itself
raises
dopamine
levels,
so
eventually
your
brain
will
get
a
feel-good
hit
(9)______
______
your
muscles
protest.
Besides,
try
to
reward
yourself
with
(10)______
that
you
really
desire.
For
instance,
if
you
exercise
all
week
or
stick
to
your
diet,
you
could
try
a
fancy
restaurant-
safer
perhaps
than
a
box
of
cookies
because
the
price
inhibits
the
quantity.
Keys:
21.
wired
22.
what
23.
to
pursue
24.
destroying
25.
can
26.
However
27.
on
28.
makes
29.
even
if/even
though
30.
something
(D)
Why
do
kids
never
seem
to
get
tired?
It's
the
age-old
question
asked
by
parents:
Why
do
kids
never
seem
to
get
tired?
Finally,
science
has
an
answer.
According
to
a
new
study,
most
children
have
a
metabolic
rate
similar
to
__1__
of
a
well-trained
endurance
athlete,
and
they
can
recover
from
fatigue
even
__2__
(fast).
For
the
study,
published
in?Frontiers?in
Physiology,researchers
compared
the
metabolic
and
fatigue
rates
of
three
groups
of
participants:
8-
to
10-year-old
boys,
unathletic
adults,
and
nationally-ranked
en
durance
athletes
who
compete
in
triathlons,
marathons
and
cycling.
Researchers
compared
the
energy
output
and
recovery
rates
__3__
(follow)exercise
by
monitoring
heart
rates,
oxygen
levels,
and
lactate-removal
levels
to
see
__4__
quickly
the
participants
recovered.
Children
outperformed
adultsin
all
of
the
tests.
Step
for
step,
researchers
found
that
the
kids
__5__
(burn)
more
energy
because
they
had
to
take
more
steps
__6__
(cover)
a
certain
distance
than
their
adult
peers.
They
also
tended
to
use
less
efficient
movements
to
complete
each
task.
__7__the
study
found
that
the
children
overcame
these
obstacles
with
seemingly
fatigue-resistant
muscles
that
allowed
them
to
recover
quickly
from
high-intensity
exercise.
That's
right,
fatigue-resistant
muscles.
These
results
come
as
no
surprise
to
any
parent
who
has
ever
collapsed
on
the
couch
after
trying
to
keep
up
__8__
kids
at
the
playground.
There's
a
reason
__9__parents
often
joke
about
bottling
their
kids'
energy
and
__10__
(sell)
it
to
make
millions.
And
now,
it
seems,
science
finally
concurs.
Keys:
that?
2.
faster
?3.
following?
4.
how?
5.
burned?
6.
to
cover?
7.
But
8.
with?
9.
why?
10.
selling?
(E)
Phyllis
Rawlins’
house
was
destroyed
after
a
tornado(龙卷风)in
which
she
lost
(1)
_____
husband
,
Edgar,
swept
through
her
town
of
Kokomo.
Last
summer
in
the
tornado’s
rubbles(瓦砾),
Rawlins
searched(2)_____
Edgar’s
wedding
ring.
“Digging
and
praying.
Digging
and
praying,”
she
told
local
station
Fox
59.
“It
was
everything
to
me,
because
that’s
one
thing
that
I
had,”
she
said.
Rawlins
had
been
visiting
family
in
Kentucky
(3)____
the
storm
came
through.
She
returned
only
(4)_____
(
find)
her
home
had
completely
been
in
pieces.
“This
was
the
house
that
love
built,”
she
said.
Without
her
husband
or
her
house,
she
was
determined
to
find
the
ring.
But
(5)_____
(locate)
it
among
the
piles
of
rubbles
seemed
to
be
hopeless.
Somehow,
her
brother
(6)_____
(spot)
something
under
a
piece
of
the
roof
and
called
her
over.
The
ring,
(7)_____
(bury)
in
the
rubbles,
had
turned
up.
“It
was
a
miracle,”
Rawlins
said.
“We
(8)_____
just
hugged
each
other,
(9)____
(cry).
That
was
what_____I
had
searched
and
searched
for,”
When
all
was
lost,
the
special
ring
he
left
was
finally
found.
“I’m
very
strong
with
my
faith,
and
I
know
that
God
is
in
control
of
everything,
(10)_____
good
and
the
bad,”
Rawlins
said.
Keys:
1.
her
2.
for
3.
when
4.
to
find
5.
locating
6.
spotted
7.
buried
8.
both
9.
crying
10.
the
（F）
The
belief
(1)_________
animals
can
predict
earthquakes
has
been
around
for
centuries.
In
373B.C.,
it’s
recorded
that
animals,
including
rats,
snakes
and
weasels
(鼬鼠),
deserted
the
Greek
city
of
Helices
just
days
before
(2)
________
quake
destroyed
the
place.
Since
then,
there
(3)
________
(be)
similar
stories
of
animal
prediction
of
earthquakes
across
the
centuries.
It
has
been
reported
that
fish
move
fiercely,
chickens
stop
(4)
________
(lay)
eggs,
and
bees
leave
their
hive
in
a
panic.
Lots
of
pet
owners
said
that
they
(5)
________
(witness)
their
cats
and
dogs
acting
strangely
before
the
ground
shook
----
barking
or
whining
for
no
reason
or
showing
signs
of
nervousness.
But
what
animals
(6)
________
sense,
if
they
do
feel
anything
at
all,
is
a
mystery.
One
idea
is
that
animals
feel
the
Earth
shake
before
humans.
Other
ideas
suggest
they
detect
electrical
changes
in
the
air
or
gas
released
from
the
Earth.
Earthquakes
are
a
sudden
phenomenon.
Seismologists（地震学家）have
no
way
of
knowing
exactly
when
or
where
the
next
one
will
hit.
About
500,
0000
detectable
quakes
occur
in
the
world
each
year,
(7)________
those,
100,
0000
can
be
felt
by
humans,
and
100
cause
damage.
Japan
is
one
of
the
countries
(8)________
most
earthquakes
happen
every
year.
Scientists
there
have
long
studied
animals
in
hopes
of
discovering
what
they
hear
or
feel
before
the
Earth
(9)________(shake),
in
order
to
use
that
sense
as
a
prediction
tool.
On
the
other
hand,
American
seismologists
are
doubtful,
(10)________
________
there
have
been
recorded
cases
of
strange
animal
behavior
before
earthquakes.
Keys:
1.
that
2
a
3.
have
been
4.
laying
5.
had
witnessed
6.
can
7.
of
8.
where
9.
shakes
10.
even
if/
even
though
（G）
A
new
study
of
8,000
young
people
in
the
Journal
of
Health
and
Social
Behavior
shows
that
___
1
_
love
can
make
adults
live
healthily
and
happily,
it
is
a
bad
thing
for
young
people.
Puppy
love
(早恋)
may
bring
stress
for
young
people
and
can
lead
to
depression.
The
study
shows
that
girls
become
2
(depressed)
than
boys,
and
younger
girls
are
the
worst
of
all.
The
possible
reason
3
the
connection
between
love
and
higher
risk
of
depression
for
girls
is
“loss
of
self”.
According
to
the
study,
even
though
boys
would
say
“lose
themselves
in
a
romantic
relationship”,
this
“loss
of
self”
is
much
more
likely
to
lead
to
depression
4
it
happens
to
girls.
Young
girls
who
have
romantic
relationships
usually
like
hiding
their
feelings
and
opinions.
They
won’t
tell
that
to
their
parents.
Dr
Marian
Kaufman,
__
5
__
expert
on
young
people
problems,
says
15%
to
20%
young
people
will
have
depression
during
their
growing.
__
6
__
(try)
romance
often
causes
the
depression.
She
advises
kids
not
to
jump
into
romance
too
early.
During
growing
up,
it
is
important
for
young
people
7
(build)
strong
friendships
and
a
strong
sense
of
self.
She
also
suggests
the
parents
should
encourage
their
kids
to
keep
close
to
their
friends,
attend
more
interesting
school
activities
and
spend
enough
time
with
family.
Parents
8
watch
for
signs
of
depression—eating
or
mood
changes,
and
if
they
see
signs
from
their
daughters
or
sons,
they
need
to
give
help.
The
good
news
is
9
the
connection
between
romance
and
depression
seems
to
become
weak
with
age.
Love
will
always
make
us
feel
young,
10
only
maturity
gives
us
a
chance
to
avoid
its
bad
side
effects.
Keys:
1.although/though
2.
more
depressed
3.
for
4.when
5.
an
6.
Trying
7.
to
build
8.
should
9.
that
10.
but
（H）
Have
you
ever
seen
an
old
movie
called
Three
Coins
in
the
Fountain?
It
is
about
three
young
American
women
(1)
_______(search)
for
permanent
romance
in
Rome
and
they
all
find
it.
Far-fetched
Hollywood?
Well,
from
the
world
history
point
of
view,
romance
did,
in
fact,
set
down
its
roots
in
Rome.
The
word
romance
evolved
in
Latin
from
Roma
to
Romanicus
of
the
Roman
language,
to
the
Old
French
romanz
escrive,
(2)
_______
means
“to
write
in
a
Romance
language,”
and
on
to
the
English
romance.
The
Romance
languages
(3)
____________(compose)
of
seven
groups
of
languages
that
all
have
Latin
(4)
______
their
basis.
These
languages
include
French,
Italian,
Spanish
and
Portuguese.
The
common
people
in
ancient
Rome
spoke
(5)________
is
referred
to
as
Vulgar
Latin,
an
informal
speech,
as
opposed
to
the
classical
Latin
of
the
more
educated.
Most
language
experts
agree
that
Vulgar
Latin
is
the
chief
source
of
the
Romance
languages.
Medieval
Romances
were
tales
(6)
__________(write)
primarily
in
French
verse
about
brave
heroes.
The
notion
of
having
a
romance
with
another
person
is
thought
(7)
__________(develop)
sometime
during
the
Middle
Ages.
In
the
late
18th
century
and
on
through
the
19th,
a
romance
was
not
a
love
story
(8)
_________
a
work
of
prose
fiction
that
contained
far-fetched,
mysterious
events.
Romances
of
this
period
(9)
_________(include)
English
Gothic
novels
like
The
Castle
of
Otranto
by
Horace
Walpole.
What
exactly
is
a
twentieth-century
romance
?
Does
it
have
any
relationship
with
the
lively,
popular
novels
written
today,
with
their
fantastic
plots
of
love
affairs?
Or
did
the
playwright
Oscar
Wilde
have
it
right
in
The
Picture
of
Dorian
Gray:
“
When
one
is
in
love,
one
always
begins
by
deceiving
(10)
_________,
and
one
always
ends
by
deceiving
others.
That
is
what
the
world
calls
a
romance.”
Keys:
1.
searching
2.
which
3.
are
composed
4.
as
5
.what
6.
written
7.
to
have
developed
8.
but
9.
included
10.
oneself
/himself
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
高考英语语法填空专题突破
)
（一）语法填空考点
1、纯空格题：介词、冠词、代词、情态动词、副词（however,
therefore）、连词（包括并列连词和从句引导词）
2、给出动词题：谓语动词（时态和语态）、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词和分词）
3、给出形容词副词：变为比较级或最高级
（二）语法填空解题技巧
1、纯空格试题的解题技巧
技巧1：当句子缺主语或宾语，填代词。前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语、表语和同位语情况等)
主要考察：人称代词we,
you,
her,
it,
they等；物主代词my,
their,
yours,
hers等；反身代词himself,
themselves等；指示代词this,
these,
that,
those;不定代词
everything,
something,
anything,
nothing,
everyone,
someone,
everybody,
somebody,
anybody,
nobody,
both,
either,
neither,
all,
none,
each,
others,
the
other,
another,
the
others,
one,
the
one(s).
We
have
learned
to
associate
packaging
with
quality.
We
have
learned
to
think
that
__________
without
packaging
is
of
poor
quality.
I
was
thin
before
I
started
football,
but
as
a
member
of
this
team
I
wouldn't
eat
much,
because
I
thought
to
_____
that
I
was
afraid
of
being
too
full
to
run.
Finally,
I
ended
up
leaving
the
football
team.
Some
students
want
a
campus
that
will
give
them
the
excitement
and
rich
cultural
life
of
a
big
city
such
as
New
York,
Chicago,
or
Los
Angeles.
_____value
the
peace
and
beauty
of
a
rural
setting,
whether
the
quiet
forests
and
snowy
winters
of
the
Northeast,
subtropical
Florida,
the
dry
expanses
of
the
West,
or
the
Pacific
coast
with
its
seashore
and
nearby
mountains.
With
a
smile
on
his
face,
and
nervous
laugh,
he
took
the
last
cookie
and
broke
it
in
half.
He
offered
her
a
half,
and
ate
_____
_____.
She
remembered
how
difficult
__________
was
to
choose
a
suitable
Christmas
present
for
her
father.
.
When
my
siblings
and
I
were
growing
up,
I
always
sensed
something
was
missing
in
my
life,
____________fundamental
to
my
very
identity,
to
who
I
was
and
where
I
came
from.
In
order
to
keep
team
members
positive
and
motivated,
the
team
leader
_________needs
to
show
these
qualities.
Many
foods
were
invented
at
times
of
conflict
to
keep
soldiers
healthy.
Fortunately,
some
of
those
foods
still
exist
to
keep
________
happy
and
satisfied.
In
fact,
the
frequency
of
shared
meals
has
decreased
in
American
families
by
33
per
cent
over
the
last
twenty
years.
The
meals
______
have
shortened
too:
from
an
average
of
90
minutes
to
just
12
minutes.
The
shop
attracts
many
autistic
customers.
And
being
autistic
_________
turns
out
to
be
a
big
help
for
the
brothers
to
deal
with
customers.
We
never
spoke
again,
but
this
gracious
teacher
strengthened
my
belief
in
doing
what
my
mother
always
taught
me:
Write
thank-you
notes—
______
never
know
how
many
people
your
kindness
can
touch.
Ursula
Philpot,
a
dietitian
at
the
British
Dietetic
Association,
said,
“It
is
difficult
to
blame
them
completely.
If
it
weren’t
the
bloggers,
then
it
could
be
______
else.
技巧2：
在名词或“形容词+名词”前,填限定词。
如表示特指时用the/this/that/these/those
表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an
表示“某人的”,用形容词性物主代词
表示“两者都”用both
表示“另一个”用another
表示“每一个”用every/each
表示“其他的”用other等,注意other接名词复数。
For
the
study,
researchers
studied
the
development
of
friendships
and
_____
peer
relationships
during
adolescence
and
their
impact
on
psychological
adjustment.
When
performing
_____
challenging
mental
task,
do
it
in
silence,
Perham
recommended.
The
company
plans
to
double
the
current
number
of
domestic
stores
to
nearly
12,000.
To
meet
_______
target,
Sawbucks
will
start
more
stores
at
airports
and
supermarkets.
But
when
cut,
tobacco
plants
emitted
______
average
of
15
sounds
within
an
hour
of
being
cut,
while
tomato
plants
produced
25
sounds.
Luxembourg
is
a
very
attractive
place
for
jobs.
But
______
“booming
economy”
and
high
concentration
of
jobs
have
led
to
crowding
issues.
Women
on
two
wheels
have
become
______
familiar
sight
on
the
roads
of
most
Asian
countries
during
the
past
few
years.
They
expect
to
be
given
the
respect
they
deserve,
both
at
home
and
at
work.
They
have
realized
(3)
______
intellectual
potential
and
have
determined
to
do
something
about
it!
技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。
常用介词：in,
on,
at,
to,
from,
of,
off,
under,
above,
below,
over,
across,
through,
beyond,
behind,
beside,
between,
among,
near,
up,
down,
along,
around,
before,
after,
since,
for,
against,
besides,
except,
by,
with,
without,
about,
as,
like,
during,
into,
throughout,
until,
within,
toward,
past,
despite,
regardless
of,
in
spite
of,
because
of,
due
to,
owing
to,
thanks
to,
except
for,
apart
from,
other
than,
such
as,
according
to,
instead
of,
rather
than,
as
well
as,
in
addition
to,
…
Some
people
have
drawn
the
conclusion
from
Bowlby’s
work
that
children
should
not
be
sent
to
day
care
before
the
age
of
three
because
of
the
parental
separation
it
involves,
and
many
people
do
believe
this.
But
there
are
also
arguments
_________
such
a
strong
conclusion.
The
total
amount
of
packaging
increased
__________
12%
between
1999
and
2005.
These
days,
many
totem
poles
no
longer
exist
_______
_______
decay
and
rot.
________
________
________
all
the
terrifying
facts,
however,
some
conservationists
say
there
is
still
hope.
Just
as
he
finished
the
first
few
bars,
one
of
the
strings
on
his
violin
broke.
We
thought
that
he
would
have
to
stop
the
concert.
________
everyone’s
expectation,
he
waited
a
moment,
closed
his
eyes
and
then
signaled
the
conductor
to
begin
again.
So
if
you
see
a
trip
to
the
library
_______an
adventure
and
can’t
wait
to
read
a
new
book,
you’re
probably
a
bookworm.
An
ability
to
express
ideas
_______
a
clear
and
literate
way
has
become
extremely
necessary
for
work,
study
and
everyday
life.
Now
that
what
works
for
you
in
photos
has
been
figured
out,
start
using
what
you’ve
learned
from
your
old
pictures,
practicing
in
front
of
the
mirror.
Work
on
your
favorites
and
you’ll
be
able
to
mentally
pick
out
a
pose
in
the
future
–
______
a
mirror.
Self-esteem
is,
very
simply,
the
set
of
feelings
you
have
about
yourself.
It’s
developed
by
your
experiences,
thoughts,
feelings,
and
relationships.
__________
self-knowledge,
which
refers
to
how
much
you
know
about
yourself,
self-esteem
is
formed
around
whether
you
like
yourself
or
not.
10).
What
is
striking,
however,
is
that
such
facts
are
found
sharing
a
page
with
the
record
of
the
heaviest
train
to
be
pulled
_______
a
beard.
11).
Americans
find
that
dinner
with
family
and
friends
is
a
very
special
of
enjoying
time
together.
________
so
many
people
in
other
cultures,
many
Americans
are
taking
time
to
relax
and
enjoy
a
wider
variety
of
tastes
at
dinner,
even
if
they
still
rush
through
lunch
at
a
hamburger
stand.
12).
But
the
next
morning,
to
my
surprise,
I
awoke
to
find
signs
of
spring
all
over
my
yard.
________
my
absence,
all
sorts
of
things
had
leafed
and
bloomed.
技巧4：若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,
does,
did等)。
“I
___________hardly
stand
the
idea
of
having
to
talk
to
strangers
on
the
Tube
on
my
way
to
work,”
he
told
the
BBC.
For
all
the
attention
I
was
getting
I
_________
as
well
not
have
been
there.
I
felt
a
stranger.
Students
can’t
wear
jumpers,
jackets
or
coats
indoors.
Also,
girls
and
boys
______wear
black
leather
shoes
and
black
socks.
Sports
shoes
are
not
allowed.
Next
time
you
buy
Mentos
at
the
counter
of
7-Eleven,
you
______
thank
the
ancient
Egyptians
for
creating
a
way
to
conceal
the
unpleasant
smell
of
our
mouth.
In
my
opinion,
it
is
possible
for
you
to
find
some
real
good
friends
with
the
help
of
new
technology
but
you
______
______
take
care.
Strasser
said
Lowell
got
in
through
the
back
door,
which
he
kept
open
at
night
so
that
Bonnie
_____
get
into
the
backyard.
The
law,
which
is
called
the
Distracted
Walking
Law,
does
permit
an
exception.
Pedestrians
__________
use
such
devices
in
the
street
to
call
emergency
services
and
rescue
workers,
such
as
firefighters
and
police
officers.
Online
lessons
allow
these
kids
to
complete
their
coursework
and
still
interact
with
peers.
Some
students
with
medical
conditions
______
“go”
to
school
via
video
conferencing
or
even
with
the
help
of
robots
enabled
with
video
chat
that
they
can
control
remotely.
Not
until
our
ancestors
grew
crops
as
much
as
they
needed
and
where
they
needed
them
__________
they
live
together
in
larger
groups.
Not
until
I
returned
______I
realize
that
a
quiet
town
life
was
the
best
for
me.
技巧5：若两个或三个单词、短语或句子之间设空，可能是填并列连词。若两句之间表示转折关系有逗号填however，前后对比用while，表因果关系有逗号填therefore,
无逗号填so。
并列连词：and,
but,
or,
so,
for,
yet,
then,
however,
therefore,
while,
either…or,
neither…nor,
not
only…but
also,
not…but
Once
he
handed
out
the
test
papers
to
all
students,
he
asked
them
to
turn
the
test
pages
and
begin.
Students’
were
confused
to
see
there
was
not
a
question
____
just
a
black
dot
in
the
center
of
the
page.
Drug
abuse
has
serious
effects
on
individuals
physically
and
mentally,
_________
the
economic
losses
caused
by
drug
abuse
are
great.
Charles
Cheadle
of
Cesar
Chavez
School
says,
“Boys
are
not
so
afraid
that
they
might
do
something
that
will
harm
the
computer,
(38)
____________girls
are
afraid
they
might
break
it
somehow.”
This
tends
to
make
watering
much
easier
and
ensures
adequate
water
is
provided
for
the
plants.
Most
inexperienced
gardeners
water
little
________very
frequently.
Grown-ups
can
hardly
find
children’s
game
exciting,
and
they
often
feel
puzzled
at
why
their
kids
play
such
simple
game
again
and
again.
_________,
it
is
found
that
a
child
plays
games
for
very
important
reasons.
Not
only
are
more
people
taking
to
running,
they
are
________
using
wearable
devices
and
using
software
on
their
cellphones
to
record
the
distance
they
cover
and
the
amount
of
calories
they
burn.
技巧6：若两句之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一般填从属连词。
定语从句:
关代：that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
as;
关副：when,
where,
why
名词性从句:
从属连词：that,
if/whether,
because,
as
if;
关代：what,
who,
whom,
whose,
which,
whatever,
whoever,
whomever,
whichever;
关副：when,
where,
how,
why,
whenever,
wherever,
however
状语从句:
时间：when,
while,
as,
before,
after,
every/each
time,
as
soon
as,
the
moment/minute,
hardly…when,
no
sooner…than,
since,
once,
until
地点：where,
wherever
原因：because,
as,
since,
now
that
目的：in
order
that,
so
that,
in
case,
for
fear
that
结果：so
that,
so/such…that
比较：than,
as…as,
the
more…the
more
让步：although,
though,
even
if/though,
while,
as,
no
matter
what/
who/when…,
whatever….,
whether…or,
方式：as,
as
if/though,
条件：if,
unless,
as
long
as…
At
the
age
of
three
or
three
and
a
half
almost
all
children
find
the
change
to
nursery
easy,
and
this
is
undoubtedly
_________
more
and
more
parents
make
use
of
child
care
at
this
time.
__________it
is
a
blind
person
seeking
guidance
or
an
elderly
person
seeking
support,
the
rail
is
there
for
walking.
All
of
them
described
about
the
black
dot,
____
position
they
tried
to
explain.
I
remembered
something
in
my
purse
________I
thought
could
help
her.
He
says,
“Once
we’re
the
wrong
side
of
the
boundary,
it
doesn’t
mean
everything
goes
wrong
immediately,
but
there
is
a
remarkable
higher
risk
______
things
will
go
badly
wrong.”
Conflicts
will
arise
________well
a
team
functions
together.
However,
getting
advice
from
_______
cares
about
you
can
impact
your
life
in
great
ways.
Finally,
I
ended
up
leaving
the
football
team.
Four
other
girls
did
the
same,
two
of
______stopped
playing
football
completely.
(30)______
______
______
reasons
may
be
behind
it,
people’s
attitudes
toward
left-handedness
have
changed
a
lot
over
the
years.
List
__37__
you
believe
you
can
achieve.
All
monarchs
have
been
crowned
there_______
William
the
Conqueror
in
1066,
and
many
monarchs
have
married
in
the
Abbey.
And
even
adults
could
be
cruel.
When
my
father
was
moved
to
the
hospital,
the
nurses
would
leave
his
food
on
the
bedside
______
________
he
was
too
weak
to
feed
himself.
技巧7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。（强调、倒装、感叹）
But
I
wanted
to
prove
to
myself
that
hard
______the
condition
was,
I
wasn't
finished
yet.
Nothing
is
to
stand
in
my
way."
In
the
US,
only
when
someone
sits
in
the
driver’s
seat
_______
driverless
cars
allowed
on
roads
in
certain
states.
As
in
the
early
history
of
the
United
States,
it
was
the
English
_______
set
up
the
settlements
in
America.
Rarely
______
people
hear
of
the
concept
of
semi-retirement
in
the
past
but
now
semi-retirement
has
become
the
routine
among
wealthier
people
in
their
50s
and
60s.
In
doing
so,
you’ll
be
able
to
see
what
it
is
______you
admire
in
this
person.
2、
给出动词的解题技巧
技巧8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；此时前看看,后看看确定时态和语态。(注意定语从句可省略宾语及宾语从句省略that情况)
The
woman
looked
down,
______（shake）her
head
and
said:“Not
so
good.”
If
the
trend
continues,
by
2020,
the
world
________(lose)
two-thirds
of
its
vertebrate
biodiversity.
Since
it
drew
recent
media
attention,
Woon
(hear)
from
resorts
and
restaurants
in
10
countries,
including
the
United
States.
If
you
have
kids,
and
they
_______
(not
see)
this
film
yet,
it’s
safe
to
say
they’d
enjoy
it.
The
week
I
turned
50,
my
marriage
came
to
a
sudden
end.
My
house,
furniture
and
everything
I
_______(own)
was
sold
to
pay
debts
that
I
didn’t
know
existed.
One
day
Gene
and
Hannah
Bortnick
heard
piano
music
coming
from
their
living
room.
They
thought
their
3-year-old
son
Ethan
______
(listen)
to
a
CD.
Family-friendly
facilities
________(develop)
for
a
new
golfing
demographic(人群)
in
the
following
years.
“They
develop
particular
habits,
or
won’t
eat
food
when
walking,
because
they
think
that
food
can
only
be
eaten
when
they
______
(seat),”
she
said.
Many
of
history's
greatest
discoveries
______
(make)
by
curious
people.
People
wondered______
processes
worked
or
how
certain
tasks
could
be
done
more
effectively.
It
comes
after
a
study
found
there__________
(be)
more
than
11,000
injuries
in
the
United
States
resulting
from
phone-related
distraction
while
walking
in
the
past
few
years.
The
saying
“an
army
marches
on
its
stomach”
tells
the
importance
of
giving
soldiers
tasty,
nutritious
foods.
In
some
cases,
foods
that
________
(create)
for
soldiers
or
during
times
of
war
became
popular
in
homes
as
well.
Now
that
what
works
for
you
in
photos
______
(figure)
out,
start
using
what
you’ve
learned
from
your
old
pictures,
practicing
in
front
of
the
mirror.
Work
on
your
favorites
and
you’ll
be
able
to
mentally
pick
out
a
pose
in
the
future
–without
______
a
mirror.
China
_______
(promote)
garbage
sorting
for
over
a
decade,
but
for
the
majority
of
the
public
the
concept
hasn’t
sunk
in.
技巧9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用不定式、动名词还是分词。
不定式to
do表将来，常考作宾语、目的状语；
动名词doing
表习惯性动作，常考作主语、宾语；
现在分词doing
表主动、进行，常考作表语、定语、状语；
过去分词done表被动、完成，常考作表语、定语、状语。
Picking
a
great
gift
require
_______(know)
the
person
you’re
giving
it
to.
Recycling
in
the
home
is
very
important
of
course.
However,
__________(force)
to
recycle
often
means
we
already
have
more
material
than
we
need.
________(not
do)anything
like
this
before,
I
didn’t
know
what
kind
of
reaction
I
might
receive.
Many
people
find
that
emotions
can
stimulate
them
to
eat
when
they
are
not
hungry,
which
often
leads
to
________(eat)
too
many
calories
from
foods
that
have
low
nutritional
value.”
At
the
2016
Oscar
ceremony,
DiCaprio’s
_______
(win)
the
award
for
Best
Actor
impressed
all
the
audience
present.
It
is
the
most
urgent
threat
________
(face)
our
entire
species,
and
we
need
to
work
collectively
together
and
stop
procrastinating（拖延）.
So
the
clergyman
repeated
the
question
in
an
even
sterner
tone,
“Where
is
God!!?”
Again
the
boy
made
no
attempt
______
(answer).
King
Edgar
was
the
first
monarch_______
(bury)
there
in
1065.
______
(analyze)
all
these
old
photos,
you
can
find
a
few
natural
poses
you
can
use
in
the
future.
Certainly,
if
you
dislike
yourself,
you’ll
be
more
likely
__________
(depress).
If
you
still
want
to
text
while
walking,
you
could
avoid
__________
(fine)
in
Honolulu
by
using
a
voice-controlled
digital
assistant
such
as
Siri
or
Google
Assistant.
Over
the
last
10
years,
technological
innovations
have
made
education
more
interactive,
immediate
and
______
(personalize),
—
and
have
shown
us
the
potential
for
more
accessible
and
effective
classrooms.
And
this
didn’t
include
the
time
__________
(devote)
to
Lawrence
and
her
dress
on
the
pre-show
televised
red
carpet.
Finding
it
much
more
difficult
to
compete
with
big
brand
names
to
dress
super
stars
on
big
events,
many
young
designers
turn
to
__________
(bet)
on
promising
rising
stars,
expecting
an
overnight
success
if
the
young
stars
rise
to
sudden
fame.
_________
(test)
multiple
times,
the
deadly
myxoma
virus
was
released
on
Australia's
rabbits
in
1950.
3、给出形容词或副词的解题技巧
技巧10：括号中给出形容词或副词，考查其原级比较级最高级。注意比较级有+er的，加more的，还有加less的，加the
least的。
The
students
were
even____
(confused)
but
started
the
test
by
then.
Infinium
Robotics
is
working
on
a
model
that
will
carry
twice
as
(much)
food.
While
people
were
amazed
by
how
generous
they
could
get,
Figueroa
said
she
had
the
__________
(unforgettable)
Christmas
experience
in
her
12
years
of
working
for
McDonald’s.
On
the
other
hand,
plants
which
have
a
good
adaptation
to
dry
conditions
or
have
the
ability
to
store
water
in
their
cells
require
________(frequent)
watering
.
After
just
12
minutes
with
dogs,
patients’
hearts
and
lungs
seemed
to
be
working
______
(well).
Another
study,
(26)
______
(conduct)
by
the
National
Center
on
Addiction
and
Substance
Abuse
(滥用)
at
6).
Columbia
University,
found
that
kids
who
eat?dinner
with
their
parents
five
or
more
times
a
week
are
(27)
______
(likely)
to
have
problems
with
drugs
and
alcohol.
（三）两个空和三个空的填法
两空常填连词
表原因：now
that
表时间：every
time/
the
moment
表让步：even
if
/
even
though
表方式：as
if
/
as
though
表目的：so
that
/
in
case
表结果：so
that
定语从句：介词
+
which
表除了：except
that
表疑问：how
much
(many/long/often/soon)
三空常填连词
表目的：in
order
that
/
for
fear
that
表时间：as
soon
as
表条件：as/so
long
as
/
on
condition
that
表让步：no
matter
how
+
adj./
no
matter
what
(+
n.)
另：as
far
as
(as
far
as
I
know,
as
far
as
I’m
concerned)
两空常填介词
表原因：because
of/
due
to/
owing
to/thanks
to
表让步：regardless
of
表相反：instead
of/
rather
than
表除了：except
for
/
other
than/apart
from
表根据/例举：according
to
/
such
as
三空常填介词
表让步：in
spite
of
表并列：as
well
as
表除了：in
addition
to
表目的：in
order
to
两空常填情态动词
have
to
/
had
better
/
ought
to
/
may/might
(as)
well
Nowadays
there
are
a
lot
of
modern
electrical
appliances
at
home
______
______
rice
cookers,
micro
waves
and
washing
machines,
which
make
life
easy
for
the
modern
housewives.
When
food
had
not
appeared
within
thirty
seconds,
Randy
began
using
his
spoon
on
Alex’s
head
______
______
it
were
a
drum.
That
meant
________
________
someone
sent
me
a
text
or
I
wanted
to
send
a
text,
I
could
only
use
the
popular
tiny
picture
characters
to
respond
to
or
start
a
conversation.
Customers
usually
don’t
have
to
ask
________
________
items
cost,
since
prices
are
clearly
marked.
Lawyers,
truck
drivers,
bankers
and
models
were
rubbing
their
eyes
or
crying
openly
with
no
shame
________
________
the
words
from
a
long
forgotten
English
teacher
from
their
hometown.
_______
_______
_______
help
business
travelers
plan
their
free
time
better,
we’ve
created
this
overview
of
things
to
do
in
Chicago.
In
many
parts
of
ancient
world,
garlic
was
thought
to
avoid
unfriendly
spirits,
treat
wounds
_______
________
_______
protect
against
disease.
These
children
are
often
from
broken
families
______
_____
there
is
no
father
figure.
Each
day
is
a
gift,
and
_____
_____
_____
my
eyes
open,
I’ll
focus
on
the
new
day
and
all
the
happy
memories
I’ve
stored
away…just
for
this
time
in
my
life.”
Status
and
appearance
went
hand
in
hand,
and
______
______
______
the
upper
class
was
concerned,
the
more
makeup
the
better.
2018年1月上海高考
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passage
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,
use
one
word
that
best
fits
each
blank.
My
Kid-Free
Life
I
had
expected
to
have
more
free
time
after
my
sons,
Evan
and
Alex,
each
left
for
college,
and
I
do.
The
kitchen
calendar
looks
spare.
Rarely
(21)
______
I
need
to
prepare
family
dinner
every
day.
There
is
a
lot
(22)
______
(much)
laundry.
When
the
boys
were
infants,
I
wondered
how
I
(23)
______
(spend)
all
the
hours
before
they
were
born,
(24)
______
______
I
have
those
hours
back,
I
can
focus
on
my
own
needs.
I
had
also
expected
to
worry
about
them
when
they
were
away.
And
I
do.
Did
they
get
their
flu
shots
(流感疫苗注射)?
Will
they
remember
the
talks
about
"good
choices"?
On
the
other
hand,
the
worry
is
mixed
with
relief.
I
have
seen
(25)
______
vigorously
they
grow
without
me.
Do
I
miss
them?
Yes.
Both
more
and
less
than
I'd
guessed.
Do
I
feel
united
for
having
lost
my
primary
role
in
life?
No,
because
over
the
year,
I
took
great
pride
(26)
______
the
fact
that
my
identity
was
not
dependent
on
theirs.
But,
surprisingly,
yes.
(27)
______
(be)
a
different
kind
of
mother
defines
me
now.
The
missing
comes
at
unexpected
moments:
seeing
the
school
bus
drive
by,
starting
to
put
too
many
plates
on
the
table…
When
they
have
doubts
about
friendships
or
job
prospects,
I
can
only
say,
"I'm
sure
you
will
figure
it
out."
And
yet,
the
spaces
(28)
______
(empty)
by
loss
are
more
than
filled
by
what
I've
found.
I
now
have
the
chance
(29)
______
(see)
them
as
the
whole
world
does
but
also
like
no
one
else
ever
will.
As
adults
I
happened
to
help
create.
The
rooms
(30)
______
the
boys
used
to
live
look
vacant.
I
feel
sadness
but
also
joy.
I
knew
they
would
leave,
but
they
will
find
their
way
back.
My
home
is
empty.
But
overflowing.
2017年1月上海高考
Last
weekend,
the
latest
Disney
movie,
zootopia,
broke
records.
The
movie
had
the
largest
opening
weekend
for
a
Disney
animation.
People
across
the
U.S
bought
more
than
$75million
worth
of
tickets.
Zootopia
is
a
city
of
animals.
The
movie
starts
with
a
rabbit
police
officer
and
a
fox
criminal
21___________team
up
to
find
a
missing
otter
(水獭).
He
is
among
several
animals
that
have
suddenly
disappeared
from
the
city.
Zootopia
22___________(praise)
for
its
sharp
humor
and
strong
message
since
its
release.
The
film
explores
racism
and
other
issues
in
the
description
of
relations
23___________
two
kinds
of
animals
in
the
city.
Jaed
Bush
had
Phil
wrote
zootopia.
They
told
reporters
that
it
started
out
as
a
spy
movie
24___________(set)
in
several
different
contexts.
But
they
changed
the
story
25___________they
found
the
animal
world
especially
interesting.
They
said
to
26___________something
like
this,
“What’s
this
world
like?
What’s
the
history
of
this
world?”
and
then,
Bush
said,
they
went
to
the
experts.
Not
only
27___________the
writers
speak
with
people
who
study
culture
and
group
behavior,
but
also
they
talked
with
animals
experts
like
zookeepers
The
creators
have
noted
that
the
variety
of
animals
was
not
easy
28___________(produce)
in
drawings.
In
the
movie,
64
species
live
in
multiple
neighborhoods
29___________(represent)
different
animals’
living
environments.
Disney
says
zootopia
is
its
30___________(complex)
animation
yet.
The
extra
effort
is
certainly
paying
off
at
the
box
office.
2017年6月上海高考
In
the
presence
of
animals
A
professor
of
public
health
at
UCLA
says
that
pet
ownership
might
provide
a
new
form
of
health
care.
As
far
back
as
the1790s,
the
elderly
at
a
senior
citizens'
home
in
England
21___________
(encourage)
to
spend
time
with
farm
animals.
This
would
help
patients'
mental
state
more
than
the
cruel
therapies
22__________
(use)
on
the
mentally
ill
at
the
time.
In
recent
years,
scientists
have
finally
begun
to
find
proof
23__________
contact
with
animals
can
increase
a
sick
person's
chance
of
survival
and
has
been
shown
24___________(lower)
heart
rate,
calm
upset
children,
and
get
people
to
start
a
conversation.
Scientist
think
that
animal
companionship
is
beneficial
25___________animals
are
accepting
and
attentive,
and
they
don't
criticize
or
give
orders.
Animals
have
the
unique
ability
to
be
more
social.
For
example,
visitors
to
nursing
homes
get
more
social
responses
from
patients
when
they
come
with
animal
companions.
Not
only
do
people
seem
26___________
(anxious)
when
animals
are
nearby,
but
they
may
also
live
longer.
Studies
show
that
a
year
27___________
heart
surgery,
survival
rates
for
heart
patients
were
higher
for
those
with
pets
in
their
homes
than
those
without
pets.
Elderly
people
with
pets
make
fewer
trips
to
doctors
than
those
without
animal
companions,
possibly
because
animals
relieve
loneliness.
Staying
with
animals
is
believed
to
create
a
peaceful
state
of
mind,
28___________(result)
in
a
favourable
environment
for
everyone.
Research
confirms
that
the
findings
concerning
senior
citizens
can
be
applied
to
restless
children.
They
are
more
easy-going
when
there
are
animals
around,
with
29___________
company
they
tend
to
calm
down
more
easily.
They
involve
30___________
in
playing
with
animals
and
the
presence
of
animals
comforts
them
greatly.
2016年上海高考
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passage
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,
use
one
word
that
best
fits
each
blank.
(A)
Bags
of
Love
Last
year,
I
was
assigned
to
work
at
an
office
near
my
mother’s
house,
so
I
stayed
with
her
for
a
month.
During
that
time,
I
helped
out
with
the
housework
and
contributed
to
the
groceries.
After
less
than
a
week,
I
started
noticing
that
the
groceries
were
running
out
pretty
quickly
—
we
were
always
suddenly
out
of
something.
(25)_______(wonder)
how
my
mum
could
consume
them
so
quickly,
I
began
observing
her
daily
routine
for
two
weeks.
To
my
surprise,
I
found
that
she
would
pack
a
paper
bag
full
of
canned
goods
and
head
out
every
morning
at
about
nine.
Eventually,
I
decided
to
follow
her
and
(26)_______
happened
truly
amazed
me.
She
was
taking
the
food
to
the
refugee
camp,
in
(27)______
she
distributed
it
to
children.
I
asked
around
and
found
out
that
my
mum
was
very
well
known
in
the
area.
The
kids
were
very
friendly
with
her
and
even
looked
up
to
her
as
if
she
were
their
own
mother.
Then
it
hit
me
—why
would
she
not
want
to
tell
me
about
what
she
(28)_____(do)?
Was
she
worried
about
how
I
would
react
or
that
I
would
stop
(29)_____(buy)
the
groceries
if
I
found
out?
When
she
got
home,
I
told
her
about
my
discovery.
(30)_____
she
could
react,
I
gave
her
a
big
hug
and
told
her
she
didn’t
need
to
keep
it
a
secret
(31)______
me.
She
told
me
that
some
of
the
children
lived
with
an
older
lady
in
a
shelter
while
others
slept
on
the
streets.
For
years,
my
mum
has
been
helping
out
by
giving
them
whatever
food
she
could
spare.
I
was
so
impressed
by
(32)_____
selfless
she
was.
(B)
Stress:
Good
or
Bad?
Stress
used
to
be
an
almost
unknown
word,
but
now
that
we
are
used
to
talking
about
it,
I
have
found
that
people
are
beginning
to
get
stressed
about
being
stressed.
In
recent
years,
stress(33)______(regard)
as
a
cause
of
a
whole
range
of
medical
problems,
from
high
blood
pressure
to
mental
illness.
But
like
so
many
other
things,
it
is
only
too
much
stress(34)______
does
you
harm.
It
is
time
you
considered
that
if
there
were
no
stress
in
your
life,
you
would
achieve
a
little.
If
you
are
stuck
at
home
with
no
stress,
then
your
level
of
performance
will
be
low.
Up
to
a
certain
point,
the
more
stress
you
are
under,
the
(35)_____(good)
your
performance
will
be.
Beyond
a
certain
point,
though
,
further
stress
will
only
lead
to
exhaustion,
illness
and
finally
a
breakdown.
You
can
tell
when
you
are
over
the
top
and
on
the
downward
slope,
by
asking
yourself
(36)_______
number
of
questions.
Do
you,
for
instance,
feel
that
too
much
is
being
expected
of
(37)______,
and
yet
find
it
impossible
to
say
no?
Do
you
find
yourself
getting
impatient
or(38)
_____(annoy)
with
people
over
unimportant
things?...
If
the
answer
to
all
those
questions
is
yes,
you
had
better(39)______(control
)
your
stress,
as
you
probably
are
under
more
stress
than
is
good
for
you.
To
some
extent
you
can
control
the
amount
of
stress
in
your
life.
Doctors
have
worked
out
a
chart
showing
how
much
stress
is
involved
in
various
events.
Getting
married
is
50,
pregnancy
40,
moving
house
20,
Christmas
12,etc.
If
the
total
stress
in
your
life
is
over
150,
you
are
twice
as
likely
(40)_______
(get
)ill.
2015年上海高考
(A）
Gift
from
a
stranger
?
My
local
supermarket
is
always
busy.
The
first
parking
space
I
found
was
convenient,
but
I’d
noticed
a
woman
in
a
blue
car
circling
for
a
while.
(25)
_____
I
was
in
a
good
mood,
I
let
her
have
it.
On
the
edge
of
the
car
park
I
backed
into
the
next
available
spot—it
was
a
tight
fit.
Pretty
soon
I’d
made
my
way
through
the
supermarket
and
was
back
in
the
fresh
air.
Feeling
good,
I
(26)
_____
(empty)
my
purse
change
into
the
hands
of
a
homeless
man
and
helped
a
struggling
woman
reverse
park.
Just
as
I
approached
my
car,
I
saw
the
woman
I’d
let
have
my
car
spot
earlier.
She
was
giving
me
(27)
_____
odd
look—half
puzzled,
half
intent
(热切的).
I
smiled
and
wished
her
a
pleasant
day.
As
I
squeezed
back
into
my
car,
I
saw
the
same
lady
(28)
_____
(look)
in
at
me.
“Hello,”
she
said,
hesitantly.
“This
(29)
_____
sound
crazy
but
I
was
on
my
way
to
drop
some
of
my
mother’s
things
off
at
the
charity
bins.
You
are
just
so
much
(30)
_____
her.
You
helped
those
people,
I
noticed,
and
you
seemed
so
happy.”
She
looked
at
me
meaningfully
and
passed
a
box
in
through
the
window.
“I
think
she
would
like
you
to
have
it.”
(31)
_____
(shock),
I
took
it
from
her
automatically.
She
smiled
and
walked
away.
After
a
pause,
I
opened
the
box.
Inside
was
a
beautiful
gold
necklace
with
a
large
grey
pearl.
It
was
(32)
_____
(nice)
gift
I’d
ever
received,
and
it
was
from
a
complete
stranger.
The
necklace
was
around
my
neck,
a
warm
reminder
of
human
kindness.
(B)
Ask
Helpful
Hannah
Dear
Helpful
Hannah,
I’ve
got
a
problem
with
my
husband,
Sam.
He
bought
a
smartphone
a
couple
of
months
ago,
and
he
took
it
on
our
recent
ski
vacation
to
Colorado.
It
was
a
great
trip
except
for
one
problem.
He
has
a
constant
urge
(33)
_____
(check)
for
text
messages;
he
checks
his
phone
every
five
minutes!
He’s
so
addicted
to
it
that
he
just
can’t
stand
the
idea
(34)
_____
there
may
be
an
important
text.
He
can’t
help
checking
even
at
inappropriate
times
like
when
we
are
eating
in
a
restaurant
and
I
am
talking
to
him!
He
behaves
(35)
_____
_____
any
small
amount
of
boredom
can
make
him
feel
the
need
to
check
his
phone
even
when
he
knows
he
shouldn’t.
The
temptation
to
see
(36)
_____
is
contacting
him
is
just
too
great.
When
I
ask
him
to
please
put
down
the
phone
and
stop
(37)
_____
(ignore)
me,
he
says,
“In
a
minute,”
but
still
checks
to
see
if
(38)
_____
has
posted
something
new
on
the
Internet.
Our
life
(39)
_____
(interrupt).
If
we
go
somewhere
and
I
ask
him
to
leave
the
phone
at
home,
he
suffers
from
withdrawal
symptoms.
Maybe
this
dependency
on
his
smartphone
has
become
more
than
an
everyday
problem.
I
recently
read
an
article
about
“nomophobia,”
(40)
_____
is
a
real
illness
people
can
suffer
from:
the
fear
of
being
without
your
phone!
I
am
worried
that
Sam
may
be
suffering
from
this
illness
because
he
feels
anxious
if
he
doesn’t
have
his
phone
with
him,
even
for
a
short
time.
Who
would
have
thought
that
little
devices
like
these
could
have
brought
so
much
trouble!
Sick
and
Tired
Sadie
2014年上海高考
(A)
My
Stay
in
New
York
After
graduation
from
university,
I
had
been
unable
to
secure
a
permanent
job
in
my
small
town.
So
I
decided
to
leave
home
for
New
York,
(25)______I
might
have
a
better
chance
to
find
a
good
job.
(26)
______
(earn)
some
money
to
pay
the
daily
expenses,
I
started
work
in
a
local
café
as
a
waiter.
I
believe
that
(27)
______
______
______
I
was
offered
a
good
position,
I
would
resign
at
once.
Over
time,
the
high
cost
of
living
became
a
little
burden
on
my
already
(28)
______
(exhaust)
shoulder.
On
the
other
hand,
my
search
for
a
respectable
job
had
not
met
with
much
success.
As
I
had
studied
literature
at
university,
I
found
it
quite
difficult
to
secure
a
suitable
job
in
big
companies.
Mother
had
just
said
that
(29)
______
I
want
to
have
a
better
career
advancement,
I
had
to
find
work
in
the
city.
Perhaps
(30)
______my
mother
had
told
me
was
deeply
rooted
in
my
mind.
I
just
did
as
she
had
expected.
Soon
I
had
lived
in
the
city
for
over
six
months
but
I
still
did
not
like
it.
Apparently,
I
had
difficulty
(31)
______
(adapt)
myself
to
life
in
the
city,
let
alone
finding
a
job
to
my
delight.
After
nine
months
of
frustration,
I
eventually
decided
to
go
back
to
my
small
town.
Not
until
I
returned
(32)
______I
realize
that
a
quiet
town
life
was
the
best
for
me.
(B)
The
giant
vending
machine
(自动售货机)
is
a
new
village
shop
Villagers
have
long
been
used
to
facing
a
drive
when
they
run
out
of
basic
supplies.
However,
help
is
now
nearer
at
hand
in
form
of
the
country’s
first
automatic
push-button
shop.
Now
residents
in
the
Derbyshire
Village
of
Clifton
can
buy
groceries
around
the
clock
after
the
huge
vending
was
installed
outside
a
pub
in
the
village
this
week.
Peter
Fox,
who
is
(33)______electrical
engineer,
spent
two
and
a
half
years
working
on
the
project.
The
machine
(34)______
(equip)
with
securing
cameras
and
alarms
and
looks
like
a
mini
shop
with
a
brick
front,
a
grey
roof
and
a
display
window.
Mr.
Fox
said
he
hoped
his
invention,
(35)______
is
set
to
be
installed
in
other
villages
in
the
area
over
the
coming
months,
will
mark
a
return
to
convenience
shopping
for
rural
communities.
He
said:“
I
had
this
idea
a
few
years
ago
but
I
couldn’t
find
a
manufacture
who
could
deliver
what
I
wanted,
so
I
did
it
by
(36)______.
The
result
is
what
amounts
to
huge
outdoor
vending
machine.
Yet
I
think
the
term
“automatic
shop”
is
far
(37)______
(appropriate)
In
recent
years,
the
commercial
pressure
from
supermarket
chains
(38)______
(force)
village
shops
across
the
country
to
close.
In
2010,
it
was
estimated
that
about
400
village
shops
closed,
(39)______
(urge)
the
local
government
to
give
financial
support
to
struggling
shops
or
set-up
new
communities
stores.
Hundreds
of
communities
have
since
stepped
in
and
opened
up
their
won
volunteer-run
shops,
but
Mr.
Fox
hopes
his
new
invention
will
offer
a
solution
(40)______these
villages
without
a
local
shop.
(A)
My
name
is
Clara.
I
still
remember
that
chilly
December
day,
sitting
in
science
class.
1
(finish)
a
worksheet
early，I
picked
up
a
TIME
for
Kids
magazine.
A
piece
of
news
caught
my
eye:
NASA
was
holding
2
essay
contest
to
name
its
Mars
rover(火星探测器).Before
I
even
knew
anything
else
about
it,
a
single
word
flooded
my
11-year-old
mind,
Curiosity.
I
couldn’t
wait
for
the
bell
to
ring
3
I
could
get
started
on
my
essay.
That
afternoon,
I
raced
home,
sat
down
at
the
computer,
and
typed
4
my
fingers
ached.
“Curiosity
is
an
everlasting
flame
that
burns
in
everyone’s
mind...”
Five
months
later,
my
mom
received
a
phone
call,
and
immediately,
a
wide
smile
5
(spread)
across
her
face.
On
August
5,2012,
at
10:31
p.m.,
the
rover
named
Curiosity
touched
down
safely
on
the
surface
of
Mars,
and
I
6
(honour)
to
have
a
front-row
seat
in
NASA.
Curiosity
is
such
an
important
part
of
who
I
am.
I
have
always
been
fascinated
by
the
stars,
the
planets,
the
sky
and
the
universe.
I
remember
as
a
little
girl,
my
grandmother
and
I
7
sit
together
in
the
backyard
for
hours.
She’d
tell
me
stories
and
point
out
the
stars.
Grandma
lived
in
China,
thousands
of
miles
away
from
my
home
in
Kansas,
but
the
stars
kept
us
together
even
when
we
were
apart.
They
were
always
there,
yet
there
was
so
much
I
didn’t
know
about
8_.
That’s
what
I
love
so
much
about
space.
People
often
ask
me
9
we
go
to
faraway
places
like
Mars.
My
answer
is
simple
because
we’re
curious.
We
human
beings
do
not
just
hole
up
in
one
place.
We
are
constantly
wondering
and
trying
to
find
out
10
is
over
the
hill
and
beyond
the
horizon.
（B）
Fear
(1)______
be
felt
in
the
heart
as
well
as
in
the
head,
according
to
a
study
that
has
found
a
link
between
the
cycles
of
a
beating
heart
and
the
chance
of
someone
feeling
fear.
Tests
on
healthy
volunteers
found
that
they
were
more
likely
to
feel
a
sense
of
fear
at
the
moment
when
their
hearts
are
contracting（收缩）and
pumping
blood
around
their
bodies,
compared
with
the
point
(2)________
the
heartbeat
is
relaxed.
Scientists
say
the
results
suggested
that
the
heart
is
able
to
influence
(3)_______
the
brain
responds
to
a
fearful
event,
depending
on
which
point
it
is
at
in
its
regular
cycle
of
contraction
and
relaxation.
Sarah
Garfinkel
at
the
Brighton
and
Sussex
Medical
School
said,
“Our
study
show
for
the
first
time
that
the
way
(4)_______
we
deal
with
fear
is
different,
(5)_______(depend)
on
when
we
see
fearful
pictures
in
relation
to
our
heart.
The
study
tested
20
healthy
volunteers
on
their
reactions
to
fear
as
they
were
shown
pictures
of
fearful
faces.
Dr.
Garfinkel
said,
“The
study
showed
that
fearful
faces
are
better
noticed
when
the
heart
is
pumping
(6)_______
when
it
is
relaxed.
Thus
our
hearts
can
also
affect
what
we
see
and
what
we
don’t
see
—
and
guide
whether
we
see
fear.”
(7)_________
(understand)
this
relationship
further,
the
scientists
also
used
a
brain
scanner
to
show
how
the
brain
influences
the
way
the
heart
changes
a
person’s
feeling
of
fear.
“So
far
we
(8)______(find)
an
important
mechanism
by
which
the
heart
and
brain
‘speak’
to
each
other
to
change
our
feelings
and
reduce
fear”
Dr.
Garfinkel
said.
“We
hope
that
by
increasing
our
understanding
about
how
fear
(9)______(deal)
with
and
ways
that
it
could
be
reduced,
we
may
be
able
to
develop
more
successful
treatments
for
anxiety,
disorders,
and
also
for
(10)________
who
are
suffering
from
serious
stress
disorder.”
(C)
Uh-oh,
the
new
year's
just
begun
and
already
you're
finding
it
hard
to
keep
those
resolutions
to
junk
the
junk
food,
get
off
the
couch
or
kick
smoking.
There's
a
biological
reason
why
a
lot
of
our
bad
habits
are
so
hard
to
break
–
they
get（
1）______(wire)
into
our
brains.
"Why
are
bad
habits
stronger?
You're
fighting
against
the
power
of
an
immediate
reward,"
says
Dr.
Nora
Volkow,
director
of
the
National
Institute
on
Drug
Abuse
and
an
authority
on
the
brain's
pleasure
pathway.
"We
all
as
creatures
are
behaving
that
way,
to
give
greater
value
to
an
immediate
reward
as
opposed
to
(2)______
is
delayed,"
Volkow
says.
How
this
bit
of
happiness
turns
into
a
habit
involves
a
pleasure-sensing
chemicalnamed
dopamine.
It
causes
the
brain
(3)______(pursue)
that
reward
again
and
again
strengthening
the
connection
each
time
–
especially
when
it
gets
the
right
hint
from
your
environment.
People
tend
to
overestimate
their
ability
to
resist
temptations
around
them,
thus
(4)
______(destroy)
attempts
to
give
up
bad
habits.
Even
scientists
who
recognize
it
(5)______
show
weakness.
"I
know
popcorns
are
not
healthy.
But
every
time
I
go
to
the
cinema,
I
have
to
eat
it,"
Volkow
says，
"It's
fascinating."
A
movement
to
pay
people
for
behavior
changes
may
exploit
that
connection,
as
some
companies
offer
employees
outright
payments
or
insurance
reduction
for
adopting
better
habits.
(6)______well
paying
for
behavior
plays
out,
researchers
say
there
are
still
some
steps
that
may
help
fight
your
brain's
hold
(7)______
newly-established
habits:
Repeat,
repeat,
repeat
the
new
behavior
–
the
same
routine
at
the
same
time
of
day.
You
decide
to
exercise.
Doing
it
at
the
same
time
of
the
morning,
rather
than
fitting
it
in
casually,
(8)______
(make)
the
striatum(终脑皮层)recognize
the
habit.Therefore,
if
you
don’t
keep
doing
it,
you
will
feel
frustrated.
Exercise
itself
raises
dopamine
levels,
so
eventually
your
brain
will
get
a
feel-good
hit
(9)______
______
your
muscles
protest.
Besides,
try
to
reward
yourself
with
(10)______
that
you
really
desire.
For
instance,
if
you
exercise
all
week
or
stick
to
your
diet,
you
could
try
a
fancy
restaurant-
safer
perhaps
than
a
box
of
cookies
because
the
price
inhibits
the
quantity.
(D)
Why
do
kids
never
seem
to
get
tired?
It's
the
age-old
question
asked
by
parents:
Why
do
kids
never
seem
to
get
tired?
Finally,
science
has
an
answer.
According
to
a
new
study,
most
children
have
a
metabolic
rate
similar
to
__1__
of
a
well-trained
endurance
athlete,
and
they
can
recover
from
fatigue
even
__2__
(fast).
For
the
study,
published
in?Frontiers?in
Physiology,researchers
compared
the
metabolic
and
fatigue
rates
of
three
groups
of
participants:
8-
to
10-year-old
boys,
unathletic
adults,
and
nationally-ranked
en
durance
athletes
who
compete
in
triathlons,
marathons
and
cycling.
Researchers
compared
the
energy
output
and
recovery
rates
__3__
(follow)exercise
by
monitoring
heart
rates,
oxygen
levels,
and
lactate-removal
levels
to
see
__4__
quickly
the
participants
recovered.
Children
outperformed
adultsin
all
of
the
tests.
Step
for
step,
researchers
found
that
the
kids
__5__
(burn)
more
energy
because
they
had
to
take
more
steps
__6__
(cover)
a
certain
distance
than
their
adult
peers.
They
also
tended
to
use
less
efficient
movements
to
complete
each
task.
__7__the
study
found
that
the
children
overcame
these
obstacles
with
seemingly
fatigue-resistant
muscles
that
allowed
them
to
recover
quickly
from
high-intensity
exercise.
That's
right,
fatigue-resistant
muscles.
These
results
come
as
no
surprise
to
any
parent
who
has
ever
collapsed
on
the
couch
after
trying
to
keep
up
__8__
kids
at
the
playground.
There's
a
reason
__9__parents
often
joke
about
bottling
their
kids'
energy
and
__10__
(sell)
it
to
make
millions.
And
now,
it
seems,
science
finally
concurs.
(E)
Phyllis
Rawlins’
house
was
destroyed
after
a
tornado(龙卷风)in
which
she
lost
(1)
_____
husband
,
Edgar,
swept
through
her
town
of
Kokomo.
Last
summer
in
the
tornado’s
rubbles(瓦砾),
Rawlins
searched(2)_____
Edgar’s
wedding
ring.
“Digging
and
praying.
Digging
and
praying,”
she
told
local
station
Fox
59.
“It
was
everything
to
me,
because
that’s
one
thing
that
I
had,”
she
said.
Rawlins
had
been
visiting
family
in
Kentucky
(3)____
the
storm
came
through.
She
returned
only
(4)_____
(
find)
her
home
had
completely
been
in
pieces.
“This
was
the
house
that
love
built,”
she
said.
Without
her
husband
or
her
house,
she
was
determined
to
find
the
ring.
But
(5)_____
(locate)
it
among
the
piles
of
rubbles
seemed
to
be
hopeless.
Somehow,
her
brother
(6)_____
(spot)
something
under
a
piece
of
the
roof
and
called
her
over.
The
ring,
(7)_____
(bury)
in
the
rubbles,
had
turned
up.
“It
was
a
miracle,”
Rawlins
said.
“We
(8)_____
just
hugged
each
other,
(9)____
(cry).
That
was
what_____I
had
searched
and
searched
for,”
When
all
was
lost,
the
special
ring
he
left
was
finally
found.
“I’m
very
strong
with
my
faith,
and
I
know
that
God
is
in
control
of
everything,
(10)_____
good
and
the
bad,”
Rawlins
said.
（F）
The
belief
(1)_________
animals
can
predict
earthquakes
has
been
around
for
centuries.
In
373B.C.,
it’s
recorded
that
animals,
including
rats,
snakes
and
weasels
(鼬鼠),
deserted
the
Greek
city
of
Helices
just
days
before
(2)
________
quake
destroyed
the
place.
Since
then,
there
(3)
________
(be)
similar
stories
of
animal
prediction
of
earthquakes
across
the
centuries.
It
has
been
reported
that
fish
move
fiercely,
chickens
stop
(4)
________
(lay)
eggs,
and
bees
leave
their
hive
in
a
panic.
Lots
of
pet
owners
said
that
they
(5)
________
(witness)
their
cats
and
dogs
acting
strangely
before
the
ground
shook
----
barking
or
whining
for
no
reason
or
showing
signs
of
nervousness.
But
what
animals
(6)
________
sense,
if
they
do
feel
anything
at
all,
is
a
mystery.
One
idea
is
that
animals
feel
the
Earth
shake
before
humans.
Other
ideas
suggest
they
detect
electrical
changes
in
the
air
or
gas
released
from
the
Earth.
Earthquakes
are
a
sudden
phenomenon.
Seismologists（地震学家）have
no
way
of
knowing
exactly
when
or
where
the
next
one
will
hit.
About
500,
0000
detectable
quakes
occur
in
the
world
each
year,
(7)________
those,
100,
0000
can
be
felt
by
humans,
and
100
cause
damage.
Japan
is
one
of
the
countries
(8)________
most
earthquakes
happen
every
year.
Scientists
there
have
long
studied
animals
in
hopes
of
discovering
what
they
hear
or
feel
before
the
Earth
(9)________(shake),
in
order
to
use
that
sense
as
a
prediction
tool.
On
the
other
hand,
American
seismologists
are
doubtful,
(10)________
________
there
have
been
recorded
cases
of
strange
animal
behavior
before
earthquakes.
（G）
A
new
study
of
8,000
young
people
in
the
Journal
of
Health
and
Social
Behavior
shows
that
___
1
_
love
can
make
adults
live
healthily
and
happily,
it
is
a
bad
thing
for
young
people.
Puppy
love
(早恋)
may
bring
stress
for
young
people
and
can
lead
to
depression.
The
study
shows
that
girls
become
2
(depressed)
than
boys,
and
younger
girls
are
the
worst
of
all.
The
possible
reason
3
the
connection
between
love
and
higher
risk
of
depression
for
girls
is
“loss
of
self”.
According
to
the
study,
even
though
boys
would
say
“lose
themselves
in
a
romantic
relationship”,
this
“loss
of
self”
is
much
more
likely
to
lead
to
depression
4
it
happens
to
girls.
Young
girls
who
have
romantic
relationships
usually
like
hiding
their
feelings
and
opinions.
They
won’t
tell
that
to
their
parents.
Dr
Marian
Kaufman,
__
5
__
expert
on
young
people
problems,
says
15%
to
20%
young
people
will
have
depression
during
their
growing.
__
6
__
(try)
romance
often
causes
the
depression.
She
advises
kids
not
to
jump
into
romance
too
early.
During
growing
up,
it
is
important
for
young
people
7
(build)
strong
friendships
and
a
strong
sense
of
self.
She
also
suggests
the
parents
should
encourage
their
kids
to
keep
close
to
their
friends,
attend
more
interesting
school
activities
and
spend
enough
time
with
family.
Parents
8
watch
for
signs
of
depression—eating
or
mood
changes,
and
if
they
see
signs
from
their
daughters
or
sons,
they
need
to
give
help.
The
good
news
is
9
the
connection
between
romance
and
depression
seems
to
become
weak
with
age.
Love
will
always
make
us
feel
young,
10
only
maturity
gives
us
a
chance
to
avoid
its
bad
side
effects.
（H）
Have
you
ever
seen
an
old
movie
called
Three
Coins
in
the
Fountain?
It
is
about
three
young
American
women
(1)
_______(search)
for
permanent
romance
in
Rome
and
they
all
find
it.
Far-fetched
Hollywood?
Well,
from
the
world
history
point
of
view,
romance
did,
in
fact,
set
down
its
roots
in
Rome.
The
word
romance
evolved
in
Latin
from
Roma
to
Romanicus
of
the
Roman
language,
to
the
Old
French
romanz
escrive,
(2)
_______
means
“to
write
in
a
Romance
language,”
and
on
to
the
English
romance.
The
Romance
languages
(3)
____________(compose)
of
seven
groups
of
languages
that
all
have
Latin
(4)
______
their
basis.
These
languages
include
French,
Italian,
Spanish
and
Portuguese.
The
common
people
in
ancient
Rome
spoke
(5)________
is
referred
to
as
Vulgar
Latin,
an
informal
speech,
as
opposed
to
the
classical
Latin
of
the
more
educated.
Most
language
experts
agree
that
Vulgar
Latin
is
the
chief
source
of
the
Romance
languages.
Medieval
Romances
were
tales
(6)
__________(write)
primarily
in
French
verse
about
brave
heroes.
The
notion
of
having
a
romance
with
another
person
is
thought
(7)
__________(develop)
sometime
during
the
Middle
Ages.
In
the
late
18th
century
and
on
through
the
19th,
a
romance
was
not
a
love
story
(8)
_________
a
work
of
prose
fiction
that
contained
far-fetched,
mysterious
events.
Romances
of
this
period
(9)
_________(include)
English
Gothic
novels
like
The
Castle
of
Otranto
by
Horace
Walpole.
What
exactly
is
a
twentieth-century
romance
?
Does
it
have
any
relationship
with
the
lively,
popular
novels
written
today,
with
their
fantastic
plots
of
love
affairs?
Or
did
the
playwright
Oscar
Wilde
have
it
right
in
The
Picture
of
Dorian
Gray:
“
When
one
is
in
love,
one
always
begins
by
deceiving
(10)
_________,
and
one
always
ends
by
deceiving
others.
That
is
what
the
world
calls
a
romance.”
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