单元素养提升(三)Unit
3
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
After
many
years’
hard
training,
he
desires
to
win(win)
a
gold
medal
in
the
2021
Olympic
Games.
?
2.
In
my
opinion,
more
importance
should
be
attached
to
developing(develop)
students’
ability
to
solve
problems.
3.
Computer
science,
with
which
rapid
progress
has
been
made(make)
in
recent
years,
plays
a
very
important
part
in
our
daily
life.
?
4.
The
balance
between
the
city
and
the
country
has
been
broken(break)
by
the
industrial
development
over
the
past
two
centuries.
?
5.
There
are
many
schools
and
hospitals
named
(name)
after
a
great
man
Shao
Yifu.
6.
In
my
view,
practicing
handwriting
is
of
great
significance(significant)
to
the
students’
growth.
7.
The
father
as
well
as
his
children
goes(go)
skating
on
the
frozen
river
every
Sunday
afternoon
in
winter.
8.
Training
is
worthless
unless
there
is
proof(prove)
that
it
works.
9.
There’s
always
a
wide
selection(select)
of
delicious
meals
to
choose
from.
10.
He
found
it
difficult
to
deal
with
the
pressure(press)of
the
job.
Ⅱ.
选词填空
instead
of,
along
with,
apart
from
,
in
addition,
take
place,
account
for,
come
up
with,
in
terms
of,
beyond
description,
for
instance
1.
Some
jobs
are
more
dangerous
than
trucking
driving,
for
instance,
training
lions.
?
2.
This
year’s
event
will
take
place
on
June
19th,
a
week
earlier
than
usual.
?
3.
I
was
amazed
that
he’d
come
up
with
this
sweet
idea.
?
4.
Members
of
Congress
are
also
on
the
guest
list,
along
with
former
president
Bill
Clinton.
?
5.
At
this
present
moment,
I
have
a
joy
inside
of
me
which
is
beyond
description.
?
6.
The
job
is
great
in
terms
of
salary,
but
it
has
its
disadvantages.
?
7.
It’s
a
good
article
apart
from
a
few
slight
mistakes.
?
8.
If
parents
have
children
help
with
housework,
the
children
will
feel
needed.
In
addition,
they
will
learn
to
take
care
of
themselves.
?
9.
The
minority
nationalities
account
for
six
percent
of
the
population.
?
10.
He
wanted
to
decide
for
himself
instead
of
blindly
following
his
parents’
advice.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
The
government
should
take
the
interests
of
the
disabled
into
account.
?
政府应该把残疾人的利益考虑在内。
2.
Parents
attach
great
importance
to
education.
They
will
do
their
best
to
give
their
children
that
priceless
gift.
?
父母们非常重视教育,
他们会尽自己所能给孩子们这个无价之宝。
3.
People
often
use
camera’s
beauty
function
in
order
to
make
themselves
look
more
beautiful.
?
人们经常使用相机的美颜功能,
为了让自己看起来更漂亮。
4.
While
the
civil
service
exam
is
not
easy,
it
is
a
shortcut
for
you
to
find
a
job.
虽然公务员考试不容易,
但对你来说那毕竟是找工作的一条捷径。
5.
Poor
housing
and
family
stress
can
affect
both
physical
and
mental
health.
?
简陋的住房和家庭的压力都会影响身心健康。
6.
You
were
too
careless
in
the
exam.
Otherwise,
you
would
have
passed
it.
?
你考试太粗心了,
否则你就通过了。
Ⅳ.
阅读理解
A
“Birds”
and
“airports”
are
two
words
that,
paired
together,
don’t
normally
paint
the
most
harmonious
picture.
So
it
really
raises
some
eyebrows
when
China
announces
plans
to
build
an
airport
that
is
for
birds.
Described
as
the
world’s
first-ever
bird
airport,
the
proposed
Lingang
Bird
Sanctuary(保护区)in
the
northern
coastal
city
of
Tianjin
is,
of
course,
not
an
actual
airport.
Rather,
it’s
a
wetland
preserve
specifically
designed
to
accommodate
hundreds
even
thousands
of
daily
takeoffs
and
landings
by
birds
traveling
along
the
East
Asian-Australian
Flyway.
Over
50
species
of
migratory
(迁徙的)water
birds,
some
endangered,
will
stop
and
feed
at
the
protected
sanctuary
before
continuing
their
long
journey
along
the
flyway.
Located
on
a
former
landfill
site,
the
150-acre
airport
is
also
open
to
human
travelers.
(Half
a
million
visitors
are
expected
annually.
)
However,
instead
of
duty-free
shopping,
the
main
attraction
for
non-egg-laying
creatures
at
Tianjin’s
newest
airport
will
be
a
green-roofed
education
and
research
center,
a
series
of
raised
“observation
platforms”
and
a
network
of
scenic
walking
and
cycling
paths
totaling
over
4
miles.
?
“The
proposed
Bird
Airport
will
be
a
globally
significant
sanctuary
for
endangered
migratory
bird
species,
while
providing
new
green
lungs
for
the
city
of
Tianjin.
”
Adrian
McGregor
of
an
Australian
landscape
architecture
firm
explained
of
the
design.
Frequently
blanketed
in
smog
so
thick
that
it
has
shut
down
real
airports,
Tianjin
is
a
city—China’s
fourth
most
populous—that
would
certainly
benefit
from
a
new
pair
of
healthy
green
lungs.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道,
主要介绍了中国将在天津建立鸟儿机场保护区的计划以及具体规划内容和其重大意义。
1.
The
underlined
phrase
“non-egg-laying
creatures”
in
Paragraph
3
refers
to?
A.
Visitors.
B.
Designers.
C.
Endangered
water
birds.
D.
Planes.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“instead
of
duty-free
shopping”及画线词后的“a
green-roofed
education
and
research
center,
a
series
of
raised
‘observation
platforms’
and
a
network
of
scenic
walking
and
cycling
paths
totaling
over
4
miles.
”可知,
天津鸟儿机场保护区对游客的主要吸引力将是一个绿色屋顶的教育和研究中心,
观赏台以及一个总长超过4英里的风景优美的步行道和自行车道网络,
而不是免税购物,
由此可知画线词词义为“游客”,
故A项正确。
2.
What
do
we
know
about
the
airport
according
to
the
passage?
A.
People
cannot
watch
birds
up
close
here.
B.
It
is
located
on
a
150-acre
landfill
site.
C.
It
functions
as
an
actual
airport
and
a
wetland
preserve.
D.
It
provides
migratory
birds
with
food
and
shelter.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Over
50
species
of
migratory
water
birds,
some
endangered,
will
stop
and
feed
at
the
protected
sanctuary
before
continuing
their
long
journey
along
the
flyway.
”可知,
迁徙的候鸟可以在机场保护区停留和吃东西,
然后继续飞行,
也就是机场保护区可以为候鸟提供食物和住所,
故D项正确。
3.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
The
airport
will
become
a
permanent
home
for
birds.
B.
Tianjin
will
win
worldwide
fame
in
the
future.
C.
Tianjin’s
air
quality
will
improve
thanks
to
the
airport.
D.
Tianjin
will
be
able
to
accommodate
more
people.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The
proposed
Bird
Airport
will
be
a
globally
significant
sanctuary
for
endangered
migratory
bird
species,
while
providing
new
green
lungs
for
the
city
of
Tianjin.
”及“Tianjin
is
a
city—China’s
fourth
most
populous—that
would
certainly
benefit
from
a
new
pair
of
healthy
green
lungs”可知,
天津的空气质量和环境会因为这个鸟儿机场保护区得到很大的改善,
故C项正确。
4.
What
is
this
passage
mainly
about?
A.
Airports
shut
down
and
open
up.
B.
China
is
to
open
the
first
Bird
Airport.
C.
Airports
turn
into
green
lungs.
D.
Birds
are
no
longer
enemies
to
airports.
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。通读全文,
特别是根据第二段中的“Described
as
the
world’s
first-ever
bird
airport,
the
proposed
Lingang
Bird
Sanctuary
in
the
northern
coastal
city
of
Tianjin
is,
of
course,
not
an
actual
airport.
”可知,
本文主要介绍了中国将在天津建立鸟儿机场保护区的计划以及具体规划内容和其重大意义,
故B项正确。
【点睛】
词义猜测题的难度较大,
对画线词上下文的理解是关键,
例如本篇第1题,
根据画线词前的“instead
of
duty-free
shopping”及画线词后的“a
green-roofed
education
and
research
center,
a
series
of
raised
‘observation
platforms’
and
a
network
of
scenic
walking
and
cycling
paths
totaling
over
4
miles.
”可知,
绿色屋顶的教育和研究中心、观赏台以及风景优美的步行道和自行车道网络都是为了吸引游客而设计的,
由此可知画线词词义为“游客”。
B
An
advance
in
electronic
publishing
could
make
the
ebook
you
are
reading
seem
as
dated
as
a
silent
film.
Publishers
hope
to
explore
the
growing
success
of
ebooks
by
releasing
versions
with
added
soundtracks
and
musical
accompaniments.
The
noises
in
the
first
multimedia
books-released
in
Britain
on
Friday
include
rain
hitting
a
window
in
a
Sherlock
Holmes
tale.
When
the
plot
of
a
book
reaches
the
most
exciting
part,
background
scores
will
create
tension.
In
America,
works
by
Shakespeare
and
Jane
Austen
have
already
been
released
with
music
and
background
noise
so
that,
for
example,
readers
can
hear
tea
cups
clinking
in
Mr
Darcy’s
garden
as
they
read
Pride
and
Prejudice.
Supporters
argue
that
sound
effects
are
the
next
logical
development
for
ebooks
and
will
add
excitement
for
younger
readers.
Critics,
however,
will
argue
that
the
noise
will
ruin
the
simple
pleasure
of
having
the
imagination
stimulated
by
reading.
Caroline
Michel,
chief
executive
of
the
literary
agency,
said
the
new
generation
of
computer-literate
readers
was
used
to
multiple
sensory
input.
She
said,
“Young
people
have
split
computer
screens
where
they
may
be
watching
television
and
replying
to
an
email
at
the
same
time.
If
that’s
what
the
market
wants
then
we
should
respond
to
the
market.
”
Booktrack’s
sound
effects
work
by
estimating
the
user’s
reading
speed.
Each
time
you
“turn”
a
page,
the
software
reassesses
where
you
have
reached
in
the
text
and
times
the
sounds
to
switch
on
accordingly.
If
the
soundtrack
becomes
out
of
synch(同步),
a
click
on
any
word
will
re-set
it.
Some
authors
fear
that
a
soundtrack
could
destroy
the
peace
and
quiet
of
libraries
and
ruin
the
pleasure
of
reading.
David
Nicholls,
author
of
One
Day,
the
bestseller
now
released
as
a
film,
said,
“This
sounds
like
the
opposite
of
reading.
I
have
enough
trouble
reading
an
ebook
because
I’m
constantly
distracted
by
emails.
”
Stuart
MacBride,
the
crime
writer
whose
novel
Shatter
the
Bones
was
an
ebook
bestseller,
sells
18%
of
his
books
as
electronic
downloads.
He
said,
“If
I’m
reading,
I
will
do
the
noise
in
my
head.
I
don’t
need
someone
to
tell
me
what
tea
cups
clinking
sounds
like.
That
would
irritate
me.
”
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章说明了出版商希望发行带有附加音轨和音乐伴奏版本的电子书,
支持者认为,
声音效果是电子书的下一个合乎逻辑的发展,
并将增加年轻读者的兴奋。然而,
批评家会争辩说,
噪音会破坏阅读所激发的想象的简单乐趣。文章介绍了不同的人对此的看法。
5.
What’s
the
passage
mainly
about?
A.
Opinions
about
ebooks
with
soundtracks.
B.
Response
to
the
need
of
the
book
market.
C.
Reasons
for
traditional
ebooks
becoming
outdated.
D.
Suggestions
on
encouraging
readers’
imagination.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第三段可知,
支持者认为,
声音效果是电子书的下一个合乎逻辑的发展,
并将增加年轻读者的兴奋。然而,
批评家会争辩说,
噪音会破坏阅读所激发的想象的简单乐趣。文章介绍了不同的人对此的看法。由此可知,
这篇文章主要讲了对带有配乐的电子书的看法。故选A。
6.
What
do
publishers
expect
an
ebook
soundtrack
to
do?
A.
Help
to
release
an
ebook
as
a
film.
B.
Help
readers
improve
reading
speed.
C.
Add
tension
at
a
book’s
exciting
point.
D.
Get
readers
familiar
with
the
background.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中When
the
plot
of
a
book
reaches
the
most
exciting
part,
background
scores
will
create
tension.
(当书的情节发展到最激动人心的部分时,
背景音乐会制造紧张感。)可知,
出版商希望一个电子书原声带在书中最令人兴奋的地方增加紧张感。故选C。
7.
Who
is
in
favour
of
added
soundtracks
for
ebooks?
A.
Mr
Darcy.
B.
Caroline
Michel.
C.
David
Nicholls.
D.
Stuart
MacBride.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段中Caroline
Michel,
chief
executive
of
the
literary
agency,
said
the
new
generation
of
computer-literate
readers
was
used
to
multiple
sensory
input.
可知,
这家文学机构的首席执行官Caroline
Michel表示,
新一代懂电脑的读者习惯于多重感官输入。以及If
that’s
what
the
market
wants
then
we
should
respond
to
the
market.
可知,
如果这是市场想要的,
那么“我们”应该对市场作出反应。由此可推知,
Caroline
Michel支持为电子书添加配乐。故选B。
8.
What
do
we
know
about
Stuart
MacBride?
A.
He
was
a
person
who
was
easy
to
get
angry.
B.
He
knew
a
great
deal
about
tea
and
tea
culture.
C.
Eighty-two
percent
of
his
books
described
crime.
D.
He
imagined
sounds
related
to
the
story
when
reading.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段中He
said,
“If
I’m
reading,
I
will
do
the
noise
in
my
head.
I
don’t
need
someone
to
tell
me
what
tea
cups
clinking
sounds
like.
That
would
irritate
me.
”(他说:
“如果我在看书,
我会在脑子里制造响声。我不需要有人告诉我茶杯叮当的声音是什么样的。那会激怒我的。”)可知,
Stuart
MacBride在阅读时想象与故事有关的声音。故选D。
Ⅴ.
应用文写作
英语课堂上,
老师要求写一篇英语实验报告。请根据以下要点,
完成此项任务。
实验目的:
在盐水中漂浮是否比在淡水中容易。(float,
salt
water)
实验器材:
三杯温水,
量杯,
广口瓶,
盐,
勺子,
生土豆。(fresh
water,
measuring
cup,
wide-mouthed
jar,
spoon,
raw
potato)
实验步骤:
将一杯半温水倒入广口瓶;加入三分之一杯盐;搅拌至盐完全融化;再加一杯半水,
把这些水慢慢从勺子背面倒入广口瓶使两种液体不混合在一起;轻轻将土豆放入瓶中,
不要使它掉落到瓶中。(pour,
add,
stir,
completely
dissolve,
liquid,
mix
together,
gently
place.
.
.
into)
实验结果:
土豆会沉入水中——但只会沉入一半。(sink)
实验结论:
在盐水中漂浮比在淡水中容易。
注意:
词数80个左右,
可适当增加细节。
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【参考范文】
Aim
To
find
out
whether
it
is
easier
to
float
in
salt
water
than
in
fresh
water.
Materials
·three
cups
of
warm
water
·measuring
cups
·wide-mouthed
jar
·salt
·spoon
·raw
potato
Procedure
1.
Pour
1.
5
cups
of
warm
water
into
the
jar.
2.
Add
1/3
cup
of
salt.
3.
Stir
until
the
salt
is
completely
dissolved.
4.
Add
another
1.
5
cups
of
water.
Put
it
slowly
over
the
back
of
the
spoon
into
the
jar
so
that
the
two
liquids
will
not
mix
together.
5.
Gently
place
the
potato
into
the
jar.
Do
not
drop
it.
Result
The
potato
will
sink—but
only
halfway.
Conclusion
It
is
easier
to
float
in
salt
water
than
in
fresh
water.
【补偿训练】
Ⅰ.
阅读填句
Teach
Children
the
Value
of
Money
As
we’re
moving
towards
a
more
cashless
society
and
real
pocket
money
is
becoming
increasingly
unpopular,
children
increasingly
no
longer
understand
the
value
of
physical
money
and
simple
tasks
such
as
working
out
how
many
coins
are
needed
to
buy
a
toy
or
sweets
will
become
out-of-use.
Education
around
money
management
and
establishing
healthy
money
habits
at
a
young
age
have
become
even
more
vital.
1
Start
with
planning
an
activity
together
and
then
define
a
budget.
Then,
research
what
things
you
will
buy,
work
out
which
items
may
be
better
to
buy.
As
you
carry
out
each
part
of
the
activity,
make
sure
to
save
all
the
receipts,
and
then
evaluate
if
you
managed
to
stay
within,
or
broke
your
budget.
2 ?
Giving
your
children
or
encouraging
them
to
suggest
a
regular
chore
can
be
rewarded
with
some
pocket
money.
3
For
example,
14-year-olds
are
often
making
their
own
beds,
so
introducing
a
reward
for
such
a
“chore”
is
not
a
good
idea.
However,
emptying
the
dishwasher
might
be
just
right
for
a
nine-year-old.
These
types
of
chores
will
help
them
to
get
an
understanding
of
earning
money
and
the
relationship
between
time,
effort
and
money.
Educate
children
through
encouragement
by
paving
the
way
for
them
to
act
on
their
own
curiosity
and
interest.
4 ?
Coming
up
with
and
doing
activities
or
day
to
day
tasks
together
with
your
children,
is
not
only
much
more
enjoyable
for
your
children,
but
it
also
helps
them
to
become
more
confident
and
decisive
about
making
their
own
decisions
about
savings,
interest
rates,
or
allowances.
5
That
is
bound
to
pave
the
way
to
breaking
the
trend
of
financial
illiteracy.
?
A.
That
is
one
of
the
most
important
factors
for
learning.
B.
Involve
them
in
everyday
money
management
activities.
C.
This
can
be
done
with
real-money
or
a
digital
piggy
bank.
D.
Giving
your
child
regular
pocket
money,
big
enough
to
cover
basic
wants.
E.
They
will
become
more
financially
independent
and
wiser
to
online
spending.
F.
Such
a
chore
beyond
what
is
considered
to
be
done
at
a
certain
age
is
the
best.
G.
This
practice
of
setting
a
budget
is
very
useful
and
fun
for
both
parents
and
children.
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了在现金支付不再是主流支付方式的社会中,
应该如何教孩子意识到金钱的价值和教育孩子学习关于金钱管理的方法。
1.
【解析】选B。前一句说到,
教育孩子金钱管理和建立良好的金钱习惯变得更加重要。下一句说,
从和孩子一起计划一个活动,
规定一个预算开始。可知此空承上启下,
应该表示通过使孩子参与到相关活动中,
教育他们进行金钱管理。故选B。
2.
【解析】选G。根据此空前一句:
当你们实施活动的每一部分时,
确保留下所有的收据,
然后评价你们是否成功做到(花费)在预算之内,
还是超出了预算。可以看出这个过程对准确地进行预算有帮助。此空承接上文,
因此,
应该表示这么做的好处是什么。故选G。
3.
【解析】选F。此空前一句建议让孩子做家务,
然后给他们零花钱。此空后一句举例,
14岁的孩子常常整理自己的床铺,
因此为这样的家务提供奖励不是一个好主意,
然而,
清空、整理洗碗机可能对9岁的孩子刚好合适。此空承上启下,
应该表示建议孩子承担什么样的家务,
根据下一句可知,
稍微超出孩子本可以做到的家务是好的。故选F。
4.
【解析】选A。由前文可知,
稍微有难度的家务可以帮助孩子理解赚钱的意义和时间、努力与金钱之间的关系。要通过鼓励教育孩子,
为他们根据自己的好奇心和兴趣采取行动创造条件(铺平道路)。此空承接上文,
因此,
此空应该解释这种做法对学习金钱管理的意义。故选A。
5.
【解析】选E。此空前一句讲到,
和孩子一起实施活动,
做任务,
对孩子们来说不仅是一种享受,
也帮助他们变得更加自信,
使他们能果敢地决定有关存款、利率或者免税额的问题。此空承接上文,
应该继续讲这个方法对培养孩子金钱管理方面的好处。故选E。
Ⅱ.
语法填空
Fear
mongering(散布恐慌)against
China
is
more
dangerous
to
global
economy
than
coronavirus(冠状病毒).
After
weeks
of
attempting
to
sow
chaos
and
spread
fear
about
the
outbreak
of
the
COVID-19(新冠肺炎)in
China,
some
overseas
media
outlets
and
individuals
have
shifted
focus
1.
_______
another
battlefield—the
Chinese
economy.
They
paint
a
rather
dark
picture
not
just
for
the
Chinese
economy
2.
_______for
the
global
economy.
3.
_______(they)articles
are
filled
with
scary
headlines
and
exaggerated
facts.
People
cannot
help
4.
_______(panic)about
the
global
economy,
which
is
already
facing
serious
challenges
like
trade
wars.
5.
_______it
comes
to“causing”
such
a
mess
for
the
world,
it
is
easy
to
point
fingers
at
China.
?
Anyway,
these
media
outlets
are
right
about
a
couple
of
things.
First,
the
epidemic
will
make
the
Chinese
economy
suffer
a
lot.
After
all,
consumers
across
the
country
are
6.
_______(trap)in
their
homes
and
businesses
and
factories
have
been
shut
for
a
good
part
of
this
year.
Second,
we
have
to
be
fully
aware
of
these
challenges
and
risks
in
order
to
address
the
problem.
The
first
step
to
solve
a
problem
is
7.
_______(recognize)there
is
one.
?
Actually,
Chinese
officials
have
been
very
clear
about
the
potential
impact
of
the
epidemic
on
the
economy.
Why
8.
_______(will)they
invest
hundreds
of
billions
of
dollars
into
the
economy
if
they
weren’t
aware
of
the
problem?
Why
would
they
roll
out
a
great
number
of
measures
to
support
businesses?Why
would
they
take
extraordinary
risks
in
encouraging
factories
to
restart
9.
_______(produce)??
10.
_______
of
how
severe
the
impact
will
be,
the
epidemic
does
not
change
the
fundamentals
of
the
Chinese
economy.
The
outbreak
is
surely
to
be
contained.
It
can
be
safe
to
say
that
fear
mongering
against
China
is
more
dangerous
to
global
economy
than
coronavirus.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。短文说明了散布对中国的恐惧比新冠肺炎对全球经济的危害更大。
1.
【解析】to。考查介词。句意:
一些海外媒体和个人已经将焦点转移到另一个领域——中国经济。固定搭配:
shift.
.
.
to.
.
.
“把……转移到……上”。故填to。
2.
【解析】but。考查固定搭配。句意:
他们不仅为中国经济,
也为全球经济描绘了一幅相当黑暗的画面。固定搭配:
not
only.
.
.
but
also“不但……而且”。故填but。
3.
【解析】Their。考查形容词性物主代词。句意:
他们的文章充斥着耸人听闻的标题和夸张的事实。此处articles是名词,
由形容词性物主代词修饰。故填Their。
4.
【解析】panicking。考查固定词组。句意:
全球经济已经面临贸易战等严峻挑战,
人们不禁感到恐慌。固定词组:
can’t
help
doing
sth.
“情不自禁地做某事”。故填panicking。
5.
【解析】When。考查固定句型。句意:
说到“造成”世界如此混乱,
人们很容易把矛头指向中国。固定句型:
when
it
comes
to“当谈到……的时候”。故填When。
6.
【解析】trapped。考查固定搭配。句意:
毕竟,
全国各地的消费者都被困在家里,
企业和工厂今年大部分时间都关闭了。固定搭配:
be
trapped
in“被困,
陷入”。故填trapped。
7.
【解析】to
recognize。考查非谓语动词。句意:
解决问题的第一步是认识到问题的存在。此处是动词不定式作表语,
故填to
recognize。
8.
【解析】would。考查虚拟语气。句意:
如果他们没有意识到这个问题,
他们为什么要向经济中投入数千亿美元呢?此处是if引导的虚拟条件句,
与现在的事实相反,
主句用would+动词原形。故填would。
9.
【解析】production。考查名词。句意:
他们为什么要冒巨大的风险鼓励工厂重新开始生产呢?此处restart是动词,
用名词作其宾语,
故填production。
10.
【解析】Regardless。考查固定词组。句意:
无论影响有多严重,
疫情都不会改变中国的经济基础。固定词组:
Regardless
of
“不管,
不顾”。故填Regardless。
PAGE
-
11
-单元素养评价(三)
Unit
3
(120分钟 150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,
满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.
5分,
满分7.
5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,
你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text
1
W:
These
DVDs
will
be
due
back
on
Friday,
the
5th.
M:
①How
much
more
should
we
pay
to
keep
them
another
week?
1.
What
are
the
speakers
talking
about?
A.
Buying
DVDs.
B.
Renting
DVDs.
C.
Making
DVDs.
答案:
B
Text
2
M:
②We’ll
order
the
food
a
little
later.
Let’s
enjoy
the
atmosphere
here
first.
W:
I
like
the
decoration
and
the
arrangement
of
green
plants
between
tables.
M:
And
the
music
here
is
not
too
loud
so
we
can
even
carry
on
this
conversation.
2.
Where
does
the
conversation
probably
take
place?
A.
In
a
music
hall.
B.
Near
the
woods.
C.
In
a
restaurant.
答案:
C
Text
3
W:
I
never
imagined
the
weather
would
be
so
warm.
M:
③Well,
that’s
what
makes
the
place
so
crowded.
But
that’s
one
aspect
of
it
I
can’t
stand.
W:
At
least
that
means
there
are
many
water
sports
competitions.
3.
What
does
the
man
dislike
about
the
place?
A.
The
weather.
B.
The
large
crowd.
C.
The
competitions.
答案:
B
Text
4
M:
I’d
like
to
take
this
one,
but
the
price
isn’t
marked
on
it.
W:
④Let
me
put
the
name
of
the
thing
here,
and
the
computer
will
tell
us
what
the
price
is.
4.
Where
does
the
conversation
most
probably
take
place?
A.
At
a
supermarket.
B.
At
a
school.
C.
At
a
computer
centre.
答案:
A
Text
5
M:
What
would
you
like,
Rose?
W:
⑤I
prefer
Chinese
black
tea
over
milk
tea.
M:
OK.
Do
you
want
it
hot
or
iced?
W:
⑤I’d
rather
have
iced
tea,
please.
How
about
you?
M:
I
prefer
hot
Chinese
green
tea.
5.
What
does
Rose
choose
to
drink?
A.
Iced
milk
tea.
B.
Iced
black
tea.
C.
Hot
green
tea.
答案:
B
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.
5分,
满分22.
5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,
你将有时间阅读各个小题,
每小题5秒钟;听完后,
各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,
回答第6、7题。
Text
6
W:
OK,
dinner’s
ready,
Owen.
M:
This
looks
delicious.
The
chicken
smells
great.
W:
How
was
your
first
day
at
the
summer
job?
M:
Pretty
good.
The
factory
is
kind
of
big
and
noisy,
⑥but
the
people
seem
nice.
This
lady,
Gloria
showed
me
around
and
told
me
all
the
rules.
W:
Is
Gloria
the
boss?
M:
No,
a
guy
named
Carson
is
the
head.
He
wasn’t
there
today.
W:
Oh,
Owen,
you
were
saying
that
you
haven’t
met
the
boss
yet.
M:
No,
but
I
met
his
son,
Mark.
He
will
be
the
boss
once
he
gets
more
experience.
He
spent
last
summer
loading
the
delivery
trucks,
⑦but
this
year
he’s
going
to
be
operating
the
machines
with
me.
W:
Great.
6.
What
does
the
man
say
about
his
job?
A.
The
boss
is
really
nice.
B.
Workmates
look
friendly.
C.
Workplace
is
small
and
noisy.
答案:
B
7.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
conversation?
A.
The
boss
told
the
man
all
the
rules.
B.
Mark
will
become
the
boss
this
year.
C.
The
man
will
cooperate
with
Mark.
答案:
C
听第7段材料,
回答第8、9题。
Text
7
W:
I’ve
already
read
your
annual
report.
⑧Well
done.
I
didn’t
expect
you
to
finish
it
in
such
a
short
time.
M:
Well,
I
couldn’t
have
done
it
without
your
help.
W:
Don’t
be
so
modest.
I
know
you’re
a
capable
person.
You’ve
performed
well.
M:
Thanks
for
your
compliment.
But
there’s
still
plenty
more
I
need
to
learn.
W:
⑨Keep
up
the
good
work.
You
have
a
bright
future
ahead
of
you.
M:
I’ll
do
my
best.
8.
What
does
the
woman
think
of
the
man’s
work?
A.
Excellent.
B.
Awful.
C.
Original.
答案:
A
9.
Where
would
this
conversation
probably
take
place?
A.
In
a
work
office.
B.
In
the
classroom.
C.
In
a
lecture
hall.
答案:
A
听第8段材料,
回答第10～12题。
Text
8
W:
You
look
very
anxious
this
evening.
Is
there
anything
wrong?
M:
I
am
worried
about
my
15-year-old
niece,
Helen.
W:
What’s
worrying
you
?
M:
⑩I’ve
seen
a
big
change
in
her.
She
used
to
be
very
outgoing
and
sociable
but
now
she
is
having
problems
with
other
children
at
school.
Now
she
is
totally
someone
else.
W:
Really?
M:
Yes,
now
she
is
quiet
and
doesn’t
want
to
talk
to
anyone
else.
Her
teacher
said
things
were
going
backward
in
her
study.
W:
Her
parents
must
be
very
anxious
about
her.
M:
No,
not
really,
?both
of
them
are
too
busy
to
worry
about
their
daughter.
I
think
I
need
to
talk
to
them
and
ask
them
to
spend
more
time
with
Helen.
W:
Take
it
easy.
It
is
something
natural.
I
was
outgoing
when
I
was
a
little
girl,
but
became
very
shy
in
teenage
years,
so
don’t
be
nervous
about
your
niece.
M:
Maybe
you
are
right,
?but
I
will
talk
with
my
brother
anyway.
10.
What
does
the
man
mainly
mention
about
Helen?
A.
Changes
in
her
character.
B.
Problems
with
teachers.
C.
Relationships
with
parents.
答案:
A
11.
What
does
the
man
decide
to
do
in
the
end?
A.
Have
a
talk
with
Helen.
B.
Talk
with
Helen’s
father.
C.
Spend
more
time
with
Helen.
答案:
B
12.
What
can
we
learn
about
Helen?
A.
Her
parents
are
very
busy.
B.
Classmates
dislike
her.
C.
Teachers
worry
about
her.
答案:
A
听第9段材料,
回答第13～16题。
Text
9
M:
Hello,
welcome
to
our
program
“Today
City”.
I’m
Larry.
?We’re
going
to
Louisville
Kentucky
where
our
guest
Michelle
Ray
comes
from.
?She
is
proud
of
her
middle-sized
city
with
a
small
town
feel
and
big
city
dreams.
Now,
Michelle,
tell
us
about
your
city.
W:
Thank
you,
Larry.
Here
is
my
city.
Louisville
is
my
city.
?The
first
place
I
take
visitors
from
out
of
town
is
to
Highland
for
shopping
and
night
life.
When
I
have
delicious
Asian
food,
I
always
go
to
the
Zen
Garden
which
provides
wonderful
all
vegetable
dishes.
M:
Wow,
that’s
interesting.
Many
people
go
for
healthy
food
now.
W:
You
can
see
that
again.
If
I
want
to
go
camping
and
fishing,
I
go
to
the
Red
River
area.
?For
complete
quiet
I
can
hide
away
in
my
house
with
a
good
book
from
one
of
our
public
libraries.
M:
That
all
sounds
very
exciting.
I’m
sure
some
of
our
listeners
will
include
Louisville
in
their
travel
plan
for
their
next
holiday.
Thank
you,
Michelle.
13.
Where
does
Michelle
Ray
come
from?
A.
A
middle-sized
city.
B.
A
small
town.
C.
A
big
city.
答案:
A
14.
Which
place
would
Michelle
Ray
take
her
visitors
to
for
shopping?
A.
The
Zen
Garden.
B.
The
Highlands.
C.
The
Red
River
area.
答案:
B
15.
What
does
Michelle
Ray
do
for
complete
quiet?
A.
Go
camping.
B.
Study
in
a
library.
C.
Read
at
home.
答案:
C
16.
What
are
the
speakers
talking
about?
A.
Late-night
shopping.
B.
Asian
food.
C.
Louisville.
答案:
C
听第10段材料,
回答第17～20题。
Text
10
M:
I’m
Carol
Johnson,
the
organizer
of
this
year’s
Abington
Fun
Run.
I’m
delighted
to
be
able
to
tell
you
?that
this
year
it
will
be
held
at
11
am,
on
Sunday
May
24th
instead
of
Saturday,
so
make
a
note
in
your
diary.
It’s
open
to
runners
of
any
age
and
ability—children,
their
parents,
grandparents,
friends.
The
course
of
the
fun
run
will
be
through
the
beautiful
environment
of
Abington
Park
and
total
distance
will
be
three
kilometers,
?starting
and
finishing
at
the
football
ground.
That’s
on
the
south
side
of
the
park,
very
close
to
the
main
entrance.
Abington
Fun
Run
is
a
race
in
which
there
are
no
winners
or
losers.
Everyone
who
takes
part
will
be
given
something
to
remember
the
day.
Last
year
it
was
a
T-shirt.
?This
year
it
will
be
a
water
bottle
so
it’s
certain
to
be
very
useful.
The
cost
for
adults
is
$8
if
you
register
in
advance
or
$10
on
the
day.
?Any
child
under
the
age
of
15
can
take
part
for
free
but
there’s
a
lower
age
limit
of
8.
If
you
would
like
to
join
in
the
fun
run,
entry
forms
and
an
information
pack
with
lots
of
useful
tips
for
improving
your
fitness
and
preparing
for
the
run
are
available
from
any
newsagents.
See
you
there.
17.
When
will
the
race
be
held
this
year?
A.
On
May
11th.
B.
On
May
23rd.
C.
On
May
24th.
答案:
C
18.
Where
does
the
race
start?
A.
At
the
football
ground.
B.
On
the
north
side
of
the
park.
C.
At
the
main
entrance
of
the
park.
答案:
A
19.
What
can
every
runner
get
this
year?
A.
A
T-shirt.
B.
A
water
bottle.
C.
A
pair
of
running
shoes.
答案:
B
20.
Who
can
run
in
the
race
free
of
charge?
A.
Children
under
8
years
of
age.
B.
Children
between
8
and
15
years
of
age.
C.
Adults
registering
in
advance.
答案:
B
第二部分 阅读(共两节,
满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.
5分,
满分37.
5分)
阅读下列短文,
从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
ORDER
NOW!
Drone
X
Pro
is
a
compact,
easy-to-use
drone
with
HD(高清)
quality
images.
It
is
the
fastest
drone
of
its
size,
flying
at
a
speed
of
up
to
12
meters
per
second
with
a
top
transmission
distance
of
2
km.
It
has
all
of
the
features
need
to
satisfy
the
pros,
but
it
is
extremely
simple
to
fly
and
control,
even
for
DRONE
X
PRO
complete
beginners.
Foldable
Drone
The
propeller(螺旋桨)fold
inwards
to
make
the
drone
easier
to
carry
and
better
protected
during
transit.
HD
Photos
and
Video
Record
video
in
HD
at
120
frames
per
second
and
take
photos
up
to
12
megapixels(百万像素).
Increased
Flying
Time
Fly
and
film
for
up
to
12
minutes
without
having
to
touch
the
ground
or
change
batteries.
Gravity
Sensor
Sensors
detect
the
ground
and
other
obstacles
and
change
the
flying
course
automatically
to
avoid
collision(碰撞).
Slo-mo
Mode
Replay
the
highlights
of
your
epic
adventures
in
high-definition
slow
motion.
Panorama
Mode(全景模式)
Capture
360
degree
photos
from
the
air
with
just
one
click
of
a
button.
CHOOSE
YOUR
PACK
1
DRONE
X
PRO
2
DRONE
X
PRO(best
seller)WITH
1
FREE
3
DRONE
X
PROWITH2
FREE
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total
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1,
370
totalYOU
SAVE￥682
￥2,
066
totalYOU
SAVE￥1,
363
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Shipping
SELECT+Free
Shipping
SELECT+Free
Shipping
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文,
主要介绍一款小型无人机,
它具有方便易用,
高清拍照录像,
续航时间长,
安全等特点并提供了价位。
21.
Gravity
sensors
help
the
drones_______.
?
A.
fly
safely B.
move
smoothly
C.
land
slowly
D.
turn
quickly
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文中“Gravity
Sensor—Sensors
detect
the
ground
and
other
obstacles
and
change
the
flying
course
automatically
to
avoid
collision。重力感应器主要是用来探测障碍物,
从而调整飞行轨迹以避免事故。”可知其主要目的就是保证飞行安全。故选A。
22.
What
do
we
learn
about
Drone
X
Pro?
A.
It
is
heavy.
B.
It
can’t
be
seen.
C.
It
is
portable.
D.
It
can
carry
people.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文中第一段“Drone
X
Pro
is
a
compact,
easy-to-use
drone
with
HD
quality
images.
Drone
X
Pro是一种小型的、易使用的带有高清摄像的无人机。”可知Drone
X
Pro是一种便携式的无人机。故选C。
23.
Who
does
Drone
X
Pro
mostly
appeal
to?
A.
Engineers.
B.
Doctors.
C.
Photographers.
D.
Cyclists.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文中第一段“It
has
all
of
the
features
need
to
satisfy
the
pros它具备满足专业人士的所有功能”,
以及接下来文章中所列的特点如“Foldable
Drone、HD
Photos
and
Video、Increased
Flying
Time、Panorama
Mode”,
可知它最可能吸引摄影师的关注。故选C。
【点睛】推理判断题是指在理解原文字面意思的基础上,
通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示,
做出一定的判断和推理,
从而得到文章的深层意义和隐含意义的过程。目的、意图、态度的推断就属于推理判断的一部分,
根据文章的论述,
推断作者的写作目的以及作者的情感态度。如第23小题,
问题为Drone
X
Pro最可能吸引谁的注意力,
根据文中第1段“It
has
all
of
the
features
need
to
satisfy
the
pros它具备满足专业人士的所有功能”,
以及接下来文章中所列的特点如“Foldable
Drone、HD
Photos
and
Video、Increased
Flying
Time、Panorama
Mode”,
可知它最可能吸引摄影师的关注。故C选项切题。
B
Modern
day
robots
may
not
be
as
entertaining
as
R2D2
or
the
robot
from
Lost
in
Space,
but
robots
are
very
important
to
space
exploration
and
are
being
used
in
a
variety
of
different
ways
for
several
important
reasons.
Robots
make
great
explorers
on
planets,
moons,
and
other
landing
areas.
Aside
from
the
earth,
just
about
every
surface
in
the
solar
system
is
unsafe
for
humans
to
explore.
The
air
on
most
other
planets
is
insufficient
for
humans
to
breathe,
making
it
necessary
to
wear
a
space
suit
and
oxygen
equipment.
The
temperatures
on
these
surfaces
are
much
too
hot
or
much
too
cold
for
any
humans
to
withstand.
Plus
there
would
be
complications
with
radiation,
weather,
and
a
lack
of
gravity.
Robots
have
much
less
limitation
in
these
areas
and
can
survive
much
longer
under
these
conditions.
Robots
are
designed
for
collecting
scientific
data.
Robots
are
also
able
to
perform
many
tasks
at
one
time
and
can
process
information
much
quicker
and
more
efficiently.
Important
scientific
projects
from
detecting
minerals,
analyzing
ground
samples,
and
finding
water
are
all
performed
much
quicker
and
accurately
by
robots.
The
use
of
robots
has
made
the
cost
of
space
exploration
much
less
expensive
than
it
would
cost
for
humans
to
do
the
work.
In
order
to
successfully
send
humans
into
space
we
would
need
to
build
a
vehicle
that
can
not
only
carry
humans,
but
also
enough
food
and
water
to
keep
them
alive
for
the
duration
of
the
trip.
Moreover,
robots
have
no
problems
working
for
hours
on
end.
Robots
never
complain,
they
don’t
require
food
or
water,
and
they
never
need
a
bathroom
break.
Over
the
past
30
years
or
so
there
have
been
many
different
types
of
robots
used
successfully
in
the
exploration
of
space.
Perhaps
the
most
famous
and
successful
robots
are
Spirit
and
Opportunity
who
have
both
been
exploring
the
surface
of
Mars.
They
have
both
been
very
successful
with
experiments
on
soil
and
rocks
and
have
even
found
evidence
of
water
in
Mars’
history.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,
介绍了机器人对太空探索非常重要,
机器人正用于太空探索。
24.
Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
The
Development
of
Robots
B.
The
Discovery
of
Space
Exploration
C.
No
Robots,
No
Space
Exploration
D.
Robots
Are
Used
in
Space
Exploration
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“but
robots
are
very
important
to
space
exploration
and
are
being
used
in
a
variety
of
different
ways
for
several
important
reasons.
”可知,
本文主要介绍了机器人正用于太空探索,
故D项正确。
25.
According
to
the
passage,
which
of
the
following
is
NOT
true?
A.
The
use
of
robots
in
space
exploration
costs
more
than
the
use
of
humans.
B.
It
is
dangerous
for
humans
to
explore
other
surfaces
in
the
solar
system
except
the
earth.
C.
Both
Spirit
and
Opportunity
have
found
the
evidence
of
water
on
Mars.
D.
Many
different
types
of
robots
have
explored
the
space
successfully.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The
use
of
robots
has
made
the
cost
of
space
exploration
much
less
expensive
than
it
would
cost
for
humans
to
do
the
work.
”可知,
用机器人进行太空探索比人类从事这项工作花费更少。
26.
The
underlined
word
“withstand”
in
Paragraph
2
most
probably
means
“_______”.
?
A.
remain
B.
bear
C.
defeat
D.
develop
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“The
temperatures
on
these
surfaces
are
much
too
hot
or
much
too
cold
for
any
humans
to”可知,
温度太高或太低,
人类无法忍受,
由此可知画线词词义为“忍受”。
27.
What
is
the
writer’s
attitude
in
this
passage?
A.
Negative.
B.
Persuasive.
C.
Subjective.
D.
Objective.
【解析】选D。观点态度题。纵观全文可知,
作者只是客观地介绍了机器人在太空探索中的应用,
并没有带任何感彩。
【方法技巧】科普说明文的词义猜测题难度较大,
对画线词所在句的理解是关键,
要紧紧抓住画线词前后的词语,
例如第26题,
根据画线词前的“much
too
hot
or
much
too
cold”可知,
当温度太高或太低时,
人类无法忍受,
由此可知画线词词义为“忍受”。
C
Every
time
your
fingers
touch
your
cell
phone,
they
leave
behind
trace
of
amounts
of
chemicals.
And
each
chemical
offers
clues
to
you
and
your
activities.
By
studying
them,
scientists
might
be
able
to
piece
together
a
story
about
your
recent
life,
a
new
study
finds.
A
molecule
(分子)
is
a
group
of
atoms.
It
represents
the
smallest
amount
of
some
chemicals.
Your
skin
is
covered
in
molecules
picked
up
by
everything
you
touched.
With
each
new
thing
your
skin
contacts,
you
leave
behind
some
small
share
of
what
it’d
touched
earlier.
Researchers
at
the
University
of
California,
San
Diego
(UCSD)
recently
studied
such
chemical
leftovers
on
the
phones
of
39
volunteers.
The
study
was
led
by
biochemist
Amina
Bouslimani.
To
explore
those
residues
(剩余物),
the
UCSD
team
wiped
the
surface
of
each
volunteer’s
phone
with
a
cotton
swab
(药签).
The
scientists
also
swabbed
each
person’s
right
hand.
Then
the
researchers
compared
the
chemicals
found
on
each
cell
phone.
The
scientists
discovered
as
many
of
the
molecules
as
they
could.
They
then
compared
those
to
a
database
of
chemicals.
Pieter
Dorrestein,
a
UCSD
pharmaceutical
chemist,
had
helped
set
up
that
database
a
few
years
earlier,
which
contains
various
substances,
including
spices,
caffeine
and
medicines.
Traces
of
everything
from
hundreds
to
thousands
of
different
molecules
turned
up
on
each
phone.
The
molecules
suggested
what
had
been
in
the
body,
and
what
each
person
had
handled
before
touching
the
phone.
From
all
these
molecules,
Bouslimani
says,
“We
could
tell
if
a
person
is
likely
female,
uses
high-end
cosmetics
(化妆品),
colors
her
hair,
drinks
coffee,
prefers
beer
over
wine
or
likes
spicy
food.
”
Police
already
use
molecular
analyses
to
look
for
traces
of
explosives
or
illegal
drugs.
To
date,
Dorrestein
says,
he’s
never
heard
of
police
using
phone
residues
to
narrow
down
behaviour
clues
to
search
for
a
suspect.
But
detectives
might
one
day
use
such
data
to
track
down
someone
who
left
a
phone
behind
at
a
crime
scene.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是“手指在你的手机上留下关于你的线索。”
通过研究手机上的残留物,
我们可以得出手机用户的生活方式。
28.
By
studying
the
residues
on
the
phone,
we
can
conclude
its
user’s
_______.
?
A.
personality
B.
lifestyle
C.
appearance
D.
intelligence
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段Every
time
your
fingers
touch
your
cell
phone,
they
leave
behind
trace
of
amounts
of
chemicals.
And
each
chemical
offers
clues
to
you
and
your
activities.
By
studying
them,
scientists
might
be
able
to
piece
together
a
story
about
your
recent
life,
a
new
study
finds.
(每次你的手指触碰手机时,
都会留下微量的化学物质。每种化学物质都为你和你的行为提供线索。一项新的研究发现,
通过研究它们,
科学家们也许能够拼凑出一个关于你最近生活的故事。)可知,
通过研究手机上的残留物,
我们可以得出手机用户的生活方式。
29.
What
was
the
first
thing
the
researchers
had
to
do
for
the
study?
A.
Comparing
different
chemicals.
B.
Hiring
volunteers
with
cell
phones.
C.
Collecting
different
kinds
of
phones.
D.
Building
a
database
containing
chemicals.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段The
scientists
discovered
as
many
of
the
molecules
as
they
could.
They
then
compared
those
to
a
database
of
chemicals.
Pieter
Dorrestein,
a
UCSD
pharmaceutical
chemist,
had
helped
set
up
that
database
a
few
years
earlier,
which
contains
various
substances,
including
spices,
caffeine
and
medicines.
(科学家们发现了尽可能多的分子。然后他们将这些数据与化学数据库进行比较。加州大学圣地亚哥分校(UCSD)的药理学家彼得·多瑞斯坦(Pieter
Dorrestein)几年前帮助建立了这个数据库,
其中包含各种物质,
包括香料、咖啡因和药物。)可知,
研究人员要做的第一件事是建立包含化学品的数据库。
30.
What’s
the
author’s
attitude
towards
the
application
of
the
research
finding?
A.
Doubtful.
B.
Disappointed.
C.
Positive.
D.
Uninterested.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段Police
already
use
molecular
analyses
to
look
for
traces
of
explosives
or
illegal
drugs.
To
date,
Dorrestein
says,
he’s
never
heard
of
police
using
phone
residues
to
narrow
down
behaviour
clues
to
search
for
a
suspect.
But
detectives
might
one
day
use
such
data
to
track
down
someone
who
left
a
phone
behind
at
a
crime
scene.
(警方已经使用分子分析来寻找爆炸物或非法毒品的踪迹。Dorrestein说,
到目前为止,
他从来没有听说过警察使用手机残留物来缩小行为线索来寻找嫌疑人。但是有一天侦探们可能会利用这些数据来追踪某个把手机落在犯罪现场的人。)可推知,
作者对研究发现的应用持“积极的”态度。
31.
What
should
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Cell
Phones
Will
Be
Used
in
More
Fields.
B.
Molecules
Are
Used
to
Search
for
Illegal
Drugs.
C.
Your
Phone
May
Be
Home
to
Various
Chemicals.
D.
Fingers
Leave
Clues
About
You
on
Your
Phone.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第一段Every
time
your
fingers
touch
your
cell
phone,
they
leave
behind
trace
of
amounts
of
chemicals.
And
each
chemical
offers
clues
to
you
and
your
activities.
By
studying
them,
scientists
might
be
able
to
piece
together
a
story
about
your
recent
life,
a
new
study
finds.
(每次你的手指触碰手机时,
都会留下微量的化学物质。每种化学物质都为你和你的行为提供线索。一项新的研究发现,
通过研究它们,
科学家们也许能够拼凑出一个关于你最近生活的故事。)可知,
D项Fingers
Leave
Clues
About
You
on
Your
Phone.
可用作本文标题。
D
Philadelphia’s
Magic
Gardens
makes
up
a
folk
art
center,
gallery
space,
and
a
nonprofit
organization
showcasing
the
works
of
mosaicist(镶嵌设计师)Isaiah
Zagar.
Zagar
devoted
himself
to
beautifying
the
South
Street
neighborhood
in
the
late
1960s,
when
he
moved
to
the
area
with
his
wife
Julia.
The
couple
helped
the
area
by
purchasing
and
repairing
some
old
buildings,
often
adding
colorful
mosaics
on
both
their
private
and
public
walls.
The
first
such
project
was
Julia’s
still-busy
folk
art
store,
the
Eyes
Gallery
at
402
South
Street.
Zagar
started
working
on
the
Magic
Gardens
in
1994
in
the
deserted
parking
lot
near
his
studio.
He
spent
the
next
fourteen
years
sculpting
multi-layered
walls
and
decorating
the
3,
000
square
foot
space.
The
installation(装置艺术),
primarily
consisting
of
found
objects
and
contributions
from
the
community,
finally
covers
half
a
city
block
with
countless
patterns
and
colors.
It
shows
Zagar’s
many
artistic
influences,
as
well
as
the
events
and
experiences
of
his
life.
In
2002,
the
owner
of
the
once-unused
parking
lot
decided
to
sell
the
land
in
response
to
rising
South
Street
property
values.
Unwilling
to
witness
the
destruction
of
Zagar’s
neighborhood
art
environment,
the
community
rushed
to
support
the
artist.
His
creation,
newly
titled
Philadelphia’s
Magic
Gardens,
turned
into
a
nonprofit
organization
with
the
intention
of
preserving
and
promoting
Zagar’s
works
at
the
site
of
the
Magic
Gardens
and
throughout
the
South
Street
region.
The
Magic
Gardens
is
now
a
permanent
art
institution
that
is
open
to
visitors
throughout
the
year.
Trained
guides
are
available
to
lead
tours
of
the
Magic
Gardens
and
Zagar’s
surrounding
public
wall
paintings.
In
addition,
it
offers
monthly
mosaic
workshops
led
by
Zagar
himself,
and
regularly
hosts
concerts,
dance
performances,
and
other
public
events.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了艺术家Zagar创作的“魔幻花园”。
32.
How
did
Zagar
help
the
South
Street
neighborhood?
A.
He
moved
to
the
area
with
his
family.
B.
He
worked
to
improve
its
surroundings.
C.
He
opened
a
folk
art
store
with
his
wife.
D.
He
managed
to
buy
all
the
old
buildings.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The
couple
helped
the
area
by
purchasing
and
repairing
some
old
buildings,
often
adding
colorful
mosaics
on
both
their
private
and
public
walls.
”可知Zagar和妻子通过购买并翻新一些旧建筑(经常在他们的私人和公共墙壁上贴上彩色的马赛克砖)来帮助这个区域。也就是说他是通过改善周围环境来帮助邻里的,
故选B项。
33.
What
does
Paragraph
3
intend
to
tell
us?
A.
Great
achievements
of
Zagar
B.
Special
skills
of
installing
art
C.
Location
of
the
Magic
Gardens
D.
Early
history
of
the
Magic
Gardens
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段“Zagar
.
.
.
and
colors.
It
shows
Zagar’s
many
artistic
influences,
as
well
as
the
events
and
experiences
of
his
life.
”可知Zagar于1994年开始在他工作室附近的一个废弃的停车场里着手建设魔幻花园。在接下来的14年里,
他雕刻了多层的墙壁,
并装饰了这个3000平方英尺的空间。这个装置艺术最后用无数的图案和色彩覆盖了这个城市街区的一半。其显示了Zagar诸多的艺术影响,
并展示了他人生中的事件和经历。这一段主要是关于魔幻花园是如何建成的,
由此推断第三段旨在告诉读者魔幻花园的早期历史。故选D项。
34.
What
do
the
local
residents
think
of
Zagar’s
works?
A.
They
harm
environment.
B.
They
can
bring
in
profits.
C.
They
should
be
removed.
D.
They
are
precious
treasures.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In
2002,
the
owner
of
the
once-unused
parking
lot
decided
to
sell
the
land
in
response
to
rising
South
Street
property
values.
Unwilling
to
witness
the
destruction
of
Zagar’s
neighborhood
art
environment,
the
community
rushed
to
support
the
artist.
”可知2002
年,
由于南街地产价值攀升,
这个曾经无人使用的停车场的主人决定出售这块地。社区的人不愿看到
Zagar
的社区艺术环境遭到破坏,
纷纷声援这位艺术家。从邻居的行为可推知当地居民认为Zagar的作品是珍贵的宝物。故选D项。
35.
What
can
tourists
do
in
Philadelphia’s
Magic
Gardens?
A.
Paint
the
walls
on
the
spot.
B.
Put
on
music
performances.
C.
Enjoy
some
Zagar’s
works.
D.
Attend
some
dance
courses.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The
Magic
Gardens
is
now
a
permanent
art
institution
that
is
open
to
visitors
throughout
the
year.
Trained
guides
are
available
to
lead
tours
of
the
Magic
Gardens
and
Zagar’s
surrounding
public
wall
paintings.
”可知魔幻花园如今是一处永久性的艺术机构,
全年向游客开放。这里有训练有素的导游,
可带领游客参观魔幻花园以及
Zagar
在花园周围创作的公共壁画。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.
5分,
满分12.
5分)
阅读下面短文,
从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The
first
time
I
went
to
a
playground
in
Berlin,
I
was
surprised.
All
the
German
parents
were
huddled
together,
drinking
coffee,
not
paying
attention
to
their
children
who
were
hanging
off
a
wooden
dragon
20
feet
above
a
sand
pit.
Contrary
to
stereotypes(模式化观念),
most
German
parents
I’ve
met
are
the
opposite
of
strict.
36 .
Those
parents
at
the
park
weren’t
ignoring
their
children;
they
were
trusting
them.
Here
are
a
few
surprising
things
Berlin’s
parents
do:
?
Don’t
push
reading.
Berlin’s
kindergartens
don’t
emphasize
academics.
In
fact,
teachers
and
other
parents
discouraged
me
from
teaching
my
children
to
read.
37 .
But
even
in
first
grade,
academics
aren’t
pushed
very
hard.
Our
grade
school
provides
a
half-day
of
instruction
interrupted
by
two
outdoor
breaks.
?
38 A
note
came
home
from
school
along
with
my
excited
second
grader.
They
were
doing
a
project
on
fire.
Would
I
let
her
light
candles
and
perform
experiments
with
matches?
Together
we
lit
candles
and
burned
things,
safely.
It
was
brilliant.
?
Let
children
go
almost
everywhere
alone.
Most
grade
school
kids
walk
without
their
parents
to
school
and
around
their
neighborhoods.
Some
even
take
the
subway
alone.
39 of
course,
but
they
usually
focus
on
traffic,
not
abductions(绑架).
?
Take
the
kids
outside
every
day.
According
to
a
German
saying,
“There
is
no
such
thing
as
bad
weather,
only
unsuitable
clothing.
”The
value
of
outside
time
is
promoted
in
the
schools.
40 No
matter
how
cold
and
grey
it
gets,
and
in
Berlin
it
gets
pretty
cold,
parents
still
bundle
their
kids
up
and
take
them
to
the
park,
or
send
them
out
on
their
own.
?
A.
Encourage
kids
to
play
with
fire.
B.
Inspire
children
to
go
out
for
leisure.
C.
German
parents
are
concerned
about
safety
D.
It’s
also
obvious
on
Berlin
’
s
numerous
playgrounds
E.
Kindergarten
was
a
time
for
play
and
social
learning
F.
They
place
a
high
value
on
independence
and
responsibility
G.
I
was
told
it
was
something
special
that
the
kids
learn
together
when
they
start
grade
school
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。在固定思维的作用下,
德国父母一直被认为是严格的,
但本文的作者从四个角度阐述了相比于严格,
德国父母更注重孩子的独立性和责任感。
36.
【解析】选F。根据空前的Contrary
to
stereotypes,
most
German
parents
I’ve
met
are
the
opposite
of
strict(与刻板印象相反,
我所见过的大多数德国父母都是严格的反义词)可知,
F选项中的independence和strict形成鲜明对比,
且F选项(他们高度重视独立性和责任感)语义承接下文,
进一步阐述了德国父母是如何重视孩子们的独立性和责任心的,
故选F。
37.
【解析】选E。根据空前的In
fact,
teachers
and
other
parents
discouraged
me
from
teaching
my
children
to
read.
(事实上,
老师和其他家长都不鼓励我教孩子读书)可知,
作者不被鼓励去教孩子读书,
E选项(幼儿园的时间是玩耍和社会学习的时间)顺承上文,
且选项中的kindergarten和本段第一句内容相呼应,
故选E。
38.
【解析】选A。分析文章结构可知,
此处选择段落的主旨句。再根据空后的They
were
doing
a
project
on
fire.
Would
I
let
her
light
candles
and
perform
experiments
with
matches?(他们正在做一个点火的项目。我会让她点燃蜡烛,
用火柴做实验吗?)可知,
本段主要讲的是一位德国的家长正鼓励让自己的孩子用火柴做一个小实验,
A选项(鼓励孩子玩火)能概括本段,
故选A。
39.
【解析】选C。根据下文的of
course,
but
they
usually
focus
on
traffic,
not
abductions.
(但他们通常关注交通,
而不是绑架)可知,
C选项(德国父母很关心孩子的安全)中提及的safety与下文的交通安全相呼应,
故选C。
40.
【解析】选B。根据本段主旨句Take
the
kids
outside
every
day.
(每天都带孩子去户外玩)可知,
B选项中的go
out
for
leisure和主旨句中的outside相呼应,
且语义(鼓励孩子们出去休闲)承接上下文,
故选B。
【点睛】单词复现法是七选五常用的答题技巧之一,
即选项和原文中的某些词相同或互为词根词缀的形式或相呼应。比如第37题,
根据第二段的第一句Don’t
push
reading.
Berlin’s
kindergartens
don’t
emphasize
academics中的kindergartens和选项中的kindergarten相呼应,
但要注意排除干扰选项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,
满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,
满分15分)
阅读下面短文,
从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Luther
Younger
is
a
99-year-old
loving
husband.
His
wife
came
down
with
cancer
nine
years
ago,
and
doctors 41
she’d
have
just
five
years
to
live.
42
,
the
couple
have
remained
strong.
?
Over
the
last
nine
years,
Luther
takes
a
six-mile 43
every
day
to
visit
his
wife
in
the
hospital.
He
always
stays
by
her
side,
encouraging
her,
showering
her
with
44
,
and
their
daily
kiss.
Luther
could
get
a
ride
or
even
take
the
bus,
but
he
45
to
walk
the
whole
journey
to
help
clear
his
mind
and
to
46 everything
about
his
wife.
Passersby
often
recognize
Luther
and
stop
to
offer
him
a
ride,
but
he
47
their
kindness.
His
daily
walk
is
48
of
how
much
he
loves
his
wife.
?
Luther’s
daughter
hoped
he
could
49
accept
rides,
especially
on
extremely
hot
and
snowy
days,
but
Luther
50
walking
himself
so
she
just
lets
him
have
it
his
way.
?
51
walking
six
miles
each
day
in
the
heat
and
snow
would
be
too
much,
when
you’ve
walked
through
52
with
someone,
what’s
another
six
miles?
Luther
is
always
53
to
leave
his
love
before
returning
home,
but
he
knows
that
each
tomorrow,
54 the
weather,
he
will
be
on
his
way
again.
He
can’t
bear
to
live
a
single
day
without
55 his
wife.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。Luther的妻子患有癌症,
医生说她只剩五年时间,
但是夫妻俩很坚强。Luther九年如一日地坚持每天步行去医院看妻子,
展现了Luther对妻子深深的爱。
41.
A.
reported
B.
imagined
C.
advised
D.
thought
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
他的妻子九年前患了癌症,
医生认为她只剩五年时间了。reported报告;imagined想像;advised建议;thought
认为。妻子患癌症,
医生的诊断认为(think)她只能活五年。故选D。
42.
A.
However
B.
Therefore
C.
Instead
D.
Besides
【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意:
然而,
这对夫妇很坚强。However然而;Therefore因此;Instead反而;Besides除此以外。空白前后是转折关系,
应该用然而(However)。故选A。
43.
A.
drive
B.
walk
C.
ride
D.
flight
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
在过去九年,
Luther
每天走六英里去医院看妻子。drive驾驶;walk走路;ride骑车;flight飞行。下文but
he
_______to
walk
the
whole
journey说明是走路(walk)去医院。故选B。?
44.
A.
relief
B.
trust
C.
love
D.
sympathy
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
他总是陪在她身边,
鼓励她,
让她沐浴在爱和他们每天的亲吻中。relief释放;trust信任;love爱;sympathy同情。下文His
daily
walk
is_______of
how
much
he
loves
his
wife.
说明是他对妻子的爱(love)。故选C。?
45.
A.
agrees
B.
hesitates
C.
fails
D.
prefers
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
Luther可以搭便车或者坐公共汽车,
但是他更喜欢走完全程,
来帮他理清思路,
回忆他妻子的一切。agrees同意;hesitates犹豫;fails失败;prefers更喜欢。与搭便车或坐公交相比,
他更喜欢(prefer)走路。故选D。
46.
A.
recall
B.
suspect
C.
ignore
D.
discover
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
Luther可以搭便车或者坐公共汽车,
但是他更喜欢走完全程,
来帮他理清思路,
回忆他妻子的一切。recall回忆;suspect怀疑;ignore忽视;discover发现。妻子生病住院,
丈夫只能在去看望妻子的路上回忆(recall)以前的事情。故选A。
47.
A.
dislikes
B.
corrects
C.
declines
D.
considers
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
路人经常认出Luther,
停下来要载他一程,
但他拒绝了他们的好意。dislikes不喜欢;corrects纠正;declines拒绝;considers考虑。前文Luther
takes
a
six-mile
_______every
day
to
visit
his
wife
in
the
hospital说明他没搭车,
所以是拒绝(decline)了别人。故选C。?
48.
A.
motivation
B.
proof
C.
trial
D.
origin
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
他每天走路证明了他是多么爱他的妻子。motivation动机;proof证明;trial审判;origin起源。根据上下文,
丈夫九年如一日地走路去医院看妻子,
是爱妻子的证明(proof)。故选B。
49.
A.
actually
B.
gradually
C.
finally
D.
occasionally
【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意:
Luther的女儿希望他偶尔能接受乘车,
尤其是在非常热和下雪天,
但是Luther坚持自己走,
所以她让他按自己的方式去做。actually实际上;gradually逐渐地;finally最终;occasionally偶尔地。下文especially
on
extremely
hot
and
snowy
days说明是偶尔(occasionally)坐车,
故选D。
50.
A.
insists
on
B.
turns
to
C.
sets
about
D.
takes
up
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
Luther的女儿希望他偶尔能接受乘车,
尤其是在非常热和下雪天,
但是Luther坚持自己走,
所以她让他按自己的方式去做。insists
on坚持;turns
to转向;sets
about开始;takes
up从事。女儿希望他偶尔坐车,
但Luther还是九年都自己走,
是在坚持(insist
on)。故选A。
51.
A.
Because
B.
If
C.
While
D.
Until
【解析】选B。考查连词词义辨析。句意:
如果每天在热天和雪地里走六英里都太多了,
那当你一生都跟某个人一起走,
还有另一个六英里吗?Because因为;If如果;While然而;Until直到。根据语境,
空白处意为“如果”(if),
符合语境。故选B。
52.
A.
life
B.
growth
C.
marriage
D.
adulthood
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
如果每天在热天和雪地里走六英里都太多了,
那当你一生都跟某个人一起走,
还有另一个六英里吗?life一生、生活;growth成长;marriage婚姻;adulthood成年。语境是将每天走六英里和走一辈子对比,
life意为“一辈子、一生”。故选A。
53.
A.
grateful
B.
sad
C.
eager
D.
guilty
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
回家前,
要离开他的爱,
Luther
总是很难过,
但他知道,
每个明天不管天气怎样,
他都会再一次上路。grateful感激的;sad难过的;eager渴望的;guilty内疚的。下文He
can’t
bear
to
live
a
single
day
without_______
his
wife.
说明,
离开妻子时,
他会难过(sad)。故选B。?
54.
A.
thanks
to
B.
rather
than
C.
apart
from
D.
regardless
of
【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意:
回家前,
要离开他的爱,
Luther总是很难过,
但他知道,
每个明天不管天气怎样,
他都会再一次上路。thanks
to由于;rather
than而不;apart
from除了;regardless
of
不管。前文Over
the
last
nine
years,
Luther
takes
a
six-
mile_______every
day
to
visit
his
wife
in
the
hospital.
说明Luther没有间断,
所以不管(regardless
of)天气如何,
都会去。故选D。?
55.
A.
supporting
B.
mentioning
C.
seeing
D.
calling
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
他不能忍受一天不见妻子。supporting支持;mentioning提到;seeing看见;calling打电话。根据前文Luther
is
always
_______to
leave
his
love
before
returning
home可知,
离开妻子会难过,
因此看不见(see)她也一样让人难以忍受。故选C。?
第二节(共10小题;每题1.
5分,
满分15分)
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
Chinese
v-logger
(视频博主)
56.
__________has
millions
of
intentional
fans
has
given
rise
to
debate
on
the
methods
used
57.
__________(promote)
Chinese
culture
overseas.
?
Li
Ziqi,
58.
__________Chinese
internet
celebrity
(名人),
has
found
herself
at
the
center
of
Chinese
social
media
as
netizens
discussed
her
contributions
in
promoting
Chinese
culture
overseas.
On
Weibo,
the
topic
of
“whether
Li
Ziqi
is
promoting
Chinese
culture”59.
__________(attract)
760
million
views
and
62,
000
engagements
since
Monday.
?
Li’s
videos
focus
on
traditional
Chinese
food
and
country
lifestyles
of
Chinese
farmers.
Li’s
YouTube
channel
has
7.
43
million
followers,
more
than
BBC.
Global
audiences
have
expressed
their
love
for
her
videos
and
60.
__________
(admire)
for
her
rural
life.
Many
have
started
referring
to
her
61.
__________a
spokesperson
for
the
Chinese
country
lifestyle.
?
Many
Chinese
fans
recognize
her
success
in
promoting
Chinese
traditional
culture.
“Her
videos
show
the
beauty
of
Chinese
culture
62.
__________(gentle)
and
vividly,
which
is
much
better
than
some
traditional
culture
products,
”
said
one
Chinese
netizen.
One
of
her
videos
63.
(introduce)
Chinese
paper-making
that
64.
__________(begin)
to
exist
during
the
Han
Dynasty
has
been
viewed
7.
07
million
times
on
YouTube.
?
“Cultural
promotion
via
official
way
and
civil
recreational
channels
are
equally
important.
We
need
to
present
good
65.
__________(story)
about
China
from
multiple
dimensions
(多维度)”
Liang
Yanmin,
a
professor
at
Beijing
Language
and
Culture
University,
told
the
Global
Times.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了社会各界关于视频博主李子柒通过vlog的方式推广中国文化的看法。
56.
【解析】who/that。考查定语从句。句意:
一名拥有数百万粉丝的中国视频博主,
引发了人们对中国文化在海外推广方法的争论。分析句子结构,
_______has
millions
of
intentional
fans为定语从句,
从句缺少主语,
需用关系代词引导,
先行词是v-logger,
指人,
需用who/that。故填who/that。?
57.
【解析】to
promote。考查动词不定式。句意:
一名拥有数百万粉丝的中国视频博主,
引发了人们对中国文化在海外推广方法的争论。分析句子结构,
已有谓语动词has
given
rise
to,
设空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to
promote。
58.
【解析】a。考查冠词。句意:
中国网络红人李子柒发现自己成了中国社交媒体的焦点,
网民们纷纷讨论她为向海外推广中国文化所做的贡献。设空处修饰名词celebrity,
需用冠词,
此处表示泛指,
用不定冠词,
Chinese发音为辅音音素开头。故填a。
59.
【解析】has
attracted。考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:
自周一以来,
微博上关于“李子柒是否在推广中国文化”的话题已经吸引了7.
6亿的点击量和6.
2万次参与。分析句子结构,
设空处需填谓语动词,
根据时间状语since
Monday可知,
此处用现在完成时,
其基本构成形式是have/has+done,
主语为单数名词,
谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has
attracted。
60.
【解析】admiration。考查名词。句意:
全球观众都表达了他们对她的视频的喜爱和对她乡村生活的钦佩。and前后为并列成分,
设空处和videos并列,
需填名词形式。admire的名词形式是admiration,
意为“钦佩”,
是不可数名词。故填admiration。
61.
【解析】as。考查介词。句意:
许多人开始把她称为中国乡村生活方式的代言人。refer
to
sb.
as为固定短语,
意为“把……称作”。故填as。
62.
【解析】gently。考查副词。句意:
一位中国网民说:
“她的视频温柔而生动地展示了中国文化之美,
这比一些传统文化产品要好得多。”设空处和vividly并列,
需填副词修饰动词。故填gently。
63.
【解析】introducing。考查非谓语动词。句意:
她介绍始于汉朝的中国造纸术的视频在YouTube上被观看了707万次。分析句子结构,
has
been
viewed为主句的谓语动词,
设空处需填非谓语动词作定语,
修饰名词videos,
videos和introduce为逻辑上的主谓关系,
需用现在分词作定语。故填introducing。
64.
【解析】began。考查动词时态。句意:
她介绍始于汉朝的中国造纸术的视频在YouTube上被观看了707万次。分析句子结构,
that
_______(begin)
to
exist
during
the
Han
Dynasty为定语从句,
从句缺少谓语动词,
根据Han
Dynasty可知,
此处陈述过去发生的事实,
需用一般过去时。故填began。?
65.
【解析】stories。考查名词复数。句意:
我们需要从多个维度呈现关于中国的好故事。分析句子结构,
good为形容词,
作定语修饰名词,
设空处需填名词。story是可数名词,
根据from
multiple
dimensions,
可知,
故事不止一个,
需用名词story的复数形式。故填stories。
第四部分 写作(共两节,
满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是李华,
最近你因为与同桌产生矛盾而苦恼,
写信向英语报社“知心话栏目”求助,
要点如下:
1.
写信目的;
2.
事件经过及你的感受;
3.
请求帮助。
注意:
1.
词数80个左右;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯;
3.
信的开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear
Editor,
I’m
Li
Hua,
a
high
school
student.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【参考范文】
Dear
Editor,
I’m
Li
Hua,
a
high
school
student.
Recently
a
conflict
occurred
between
me
and
my
deskmate.
I’m
writing
to
ask
you
for
help.
Last
Thursday,
our
school
held
a
sports
meeting.
My
deskmate
and
I
both
participated
in
the
100-meter
race.
I
accidentally
knocked
him
over
when
racing
towards
the
finish
line,
leaving
his
right
leg
injured.
I
sincerely
apologized
to
him,
but
he
wouldn’t
forgive
me.
What’s
worse,
since
then,
he
has
been
completely
ignoring
me,
which
really
makes
me
upset.
With
this
always
on
my
mind,
I
can’t
concentrate
on
the
study.
I’m
at
a
total
loss
what
I
should
do.
I’d
appreciate
it
if
you
could
help
me
out
of
the
trouble.
Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文,
要求考生写一封邮件,
最近你因为和同桌产生矛盾而苦恼,
于是向英语报社“知心话栏目”求助。
【详解】
第一步:
审题
体裁:
应用文。
时态:
根据提示,
时态应为一般现在时和一般过去时。
结构:
三段式。第一段提出写信目的向其寻求帮助;第二段写事情的经过和你的感受;第三段期盼回复。
要求:
1.
写信目的(ask
you
for
help)
2.
事情的经过和你的感受(what
happened
and
your
feeling)
第二步:
列提纲
(重点词组)
occur,
between.
.
.
and,
ask
for
help,
participate
in,
knock
over,
the
finish
line,
apologize
for,
what’s
worse,
out
of
the
trouble,
injury
第三步:
连词成句
1.
Recently
a
conflict
occurred
between
me
and
my
deskmate.
2.
I’m
writing
to
ask
you
for
help.
3.
I
accidentally
knocked
him
over
when
racing
towards
the
finish
line,
leaving
his
right
leg
injured.
4.
What’s
worse,
since
then,
he
has
been
completely
ignoring
me,
which
really
makes
me
upset.
5.
I’m
at
a
total
loss
what
I
should
do.
6.
I’d
appreciate
it
if
you
could
help
me
out
of
the
trouble.
第四步:
连句成篇(衔接词)
连句成文,
注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,
书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步:
润色修改
【点睛】
范文内容完整,
要点全面,
语言规范,
语篇连贯,
词数适当,
上下文意思连贯,
符合逻辑关系。
1.
作者在范文中使用了主从复合句,
如:
(1)
I
accidentally
knocked
him
over
when
racing
towards
the
finish
line,
leaving
his
right
leg
injured.
(当要到终点线的时候,
我不小心把他绊倒了,
让他的右腿受伤。)本句中leaving是现在分词作结果状语。
(2)
What’s
worse,
since
then,
he
has
been
completely
ignoring
me,
which
really
makes
me
upset.
(更糟糕的是,
自从那时起,
他就完全不理我,
这让我很沮丧。)这句话运用了非限制性定语从句,
其先行词为“he
has
been
completely
ignoring
me”整个句子。
2.
使用了一些固定词组,
如at
a
loss,
what’s
worse,
concentrate
on等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式,
显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外,
文章思路清晰、层次分明,
上下句转换自然,
为文章增色添彩。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,
根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,
使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A
little
boy
selling
magazines
for
school
walked
up
to
a
house
that
people
hardly
visited.
The
house
was
very
old
and
the
owner
hardly
ever
came
out.
When
he
did
come
out
he
would
not
say
hello
to
neighbors
or
passers
by
but
simply
just
glare(瞪眼看)at
them.
The
boy
knocked
on
the
door
and
waited,
sweating
from
fear
of
the
old
man.
The
boy’s
parents
told
him
to
stay
away
from
the
house.
A
lot
of
the
other
neighborhood
children
were
told
the
same
from
their
parents.
As
he
was
ready
to
walk
away,
the
door
slowly
opened.
“What
do
you
want?”
the
old
man
said.
The
little
boy
was
very
afraid
but
he
had
a
quota(份额)
to
meet
for
school
with
selling
the
magazines.
“Uh,
sir,
I
uh
am
selling
these
magazines
and
uh
I
was
wondering
if
you
would
like
to
buy
one.
”
The
old
man
just
stared
at
the
boy.
The
boy
could
see
inside
the
old
man’s
house
and
saw
that
he
had
dog
figurines(小狗雕像)
on
the
wall.
“Do
you
collect
dogs?”
the
little
boy
asked.
“Yes,
I
have
many
collections
in
my
house.
They
are
my
family
here.
They
are
all
I
have.
”
The
boy
then
felt
sorry
for
the
man,
as
it
seemed
that
he
was
a
very
lonely
soul.
“Well,
I
do
have
a
magazine
here
for
collectors.
It
is
perfect
for
you.
I
also
have
one
about
dogs
since
you
like
dogs
so
much.
”
The
old
man
was
ready
to
close
the
door
on
the
boy
and
said,
“No
boy,
I
don’t
need
any
magazines
of
any
kind,
now
goodbye.
”
The
little
boy
was
sad
that
he
was
not
going
to
make
his
quota
with
the
sale.
He
was
also
sad
for
the
old
man
being
so
alone
in
the
big
house
that
he
owned.
The
boy
went
home
and
then
had
an
idea.
He
had
a
little
dog
figurine
that
he
got
some
years
ago
from
an
aunt.
The
figurine
did
not
mean
nearly
as
much
to
him
since
he
had
a
real
live
dog
and
a
large
family.
注意:
续写词数应为150左右。
The
boy
headed
back
down
to
the
old
man’s
house
with
the
figurine.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
From
that
day
on
something
changed
inside
the
old
man.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【答案】
参考范文一
(Simple
version)
The
boy
headed
back
down
to
the
old
man’s
house
with
the
figurine.
He
knocked
on
the
door
again
and
the
old
man
opened
the
door.
“Boy,
I
told
you
no
magazines.
”
“No,
sir.
But
I
want
to
give
you
a
gift.
”
The
boy
handed
him
the
figurine
and
the
man’s
face
lit
up.
“
This
is
for
you.
”
The
old
man
was
amazed.
No
one
had
ever
given
him
such
a
gift
and
shown
him
kindness.
From
that
day
on
something
changed
inside
the
old
man.
He
started
coming
out
of
the
house
and
meeting
people.
He
and
the
boy
became
friends.
The
boy
even
brought
his
dog
to
visit
him.
Gradually,
he
developed
the
habit
of
smiling
at
everyone
and
showed
his
precious
collections
to
children
actively
and
warmly.
参考范文二(Complex
version)
The
boy
headed
back
down
to
the
old
man’s
house
with
the
figurine.
Afraid
as
he
felt,
he
still
knocked
on
the
door,
waiting
breathlessly.
Finally,
it
opened
and
out
came
the
old
man.
Seeing
the
boy
holding
a
well-wrapped
dog
figurine,
he
looked
very
astonished
but
still
glared
at
him
without
a
word.
Determined
to
break
the
ice,
the
boy
gave
the
old
man
the
gift
with
a
card
attached,
expressing
his
care.
The
old
man
was
so
moved
by
all
the
boy
did
that
words
failed
to
convey
his
emotions.
“Thank
you
so
much!”
he
said
to
the
boy
gently
and
kindly.
From
that
day
on
something
changed
inside
the
old
man.
The
neighborhood
always
found
the
old
man
hanging
out
and
smiling
at
everyone.
He
showed
his
precious
collections
to
children
actively
and
warmly.
He
used
to
collect
figurines
in
memory
of
a
real
live
dog
which
had
kept
company
with
him
for
a
long
time
before
it
died.
But
now,
he
wasn’t
drowned
in
the
sorrows
and
loneliness
anymore.
He
had
realized
the
true
spirit
of
life.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是小男孩和一个孤独的收藏老人的故事。在小男孩的感化下,
老人走出了自己的家门,
渐渐地养成了对每个人微笑的习惯,
并积极、热情地向孩子们展示他收藏的珍贵藏品。
【详解】
1.
第一段给出的首句是The
boy
headed
back
down
to
the
old
man’s
house
with
the
figurine.
这一句是故事发展的转折点。可以从“他又敲了敲门,
老人打开了门。”入手扩展开去,
接下来故事应该这样发展:
“孩子,
我告诉过你不要看杂志。”“不,
先生。但我想送你一件礼物。”男孩把雕像递给他,
那人的脸亮了起来。“这是给你的。”老人很惊讶。——无论从何角度拓展,
需注意该段最后一句“从来没有人给过他这样的礼物,
并对他表示友好。”与续写第二段首句呼应。
2.
第二段所给首句From
that
day
on
something
changed
inside
the
old
man.
这一句呼应前文,
紧接着可以从“他迫不及待地想见到他的妹妹,
分享这个好消息。”入手续写。接下来故事情节应该是这样发展:
他开始走出屋子去见人。他和那个男孩成了朋友。男孩甚至带着他的狗来看望他。渐渐地,
他养成了对每个人微笑的习惯,
并积极、热情地向孩子们展示他收藏的珍贵藏品。
【点睛】
本文是一篇续写。文章结构严谨,
续写思路清晰,
环环相扣,
同时句中使用高级句子。But
I
want
to
give
you
a
gift.
并列连词表示转折;The
old
man
was
amazed.
句中使用一般过去时态的被动语态;He
started
coming
out
of
the
house
and
meeting
people.
句中动名词作宾语;He
used
to
collect
figurines
in
memory
of
a
real
live
dog
which
had
kept
company
with
him
for
a
long
time
before
it
died.
定语从句和时间状语从句用在句中。
PAGE
-
29
-课时素养评价
八 Unit
3 Using
language
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
computer
has
been
used
(use)
every
day
since
we
bought
it.
?
2.
My
MacBook
Pro
broke
down
and
my
paper
has
been
left
(leave)
unfinished
since.
?
3.
More
than
50,
000
yuan
has
been
raised
(raise)
for
the
poor
family
since
the
group
was
founded.
?
4.
Black
Friday
has
been
regarded(regard)
as
the
beginning
of
the
holiday
shopping
season
for
years.
?
5.
Many
foreign
films
have
been
shown
(show)
on
TV
since
last
month.
?
6.
—Have
you
heard
about
that
fire
in
the
market?
—Yes,
fortunately
no
one
was
hurt
(hurt).
?
7.
Some
efforts
were
made(make)
to
improve
the
air
quality
in
the
city
last
winter.
?
8.
Over
the
past
three
years,
the
paintings
have
been
taken
(take)
to
more
than
20
museums
in
the
world.
?
9.
This
is
the
first
time
that
a
woman
has
been
appointed
(appoint)
to
the
post.
?
10.
The
famous
musician,
as
well
as
his
students,
was
invited
(invite)
to
perform
at
the
opening
ceremony
last
night.
?
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
When
you
get
the
paper
back,
pay
special
attention
to
what
has
been
marked.
?
当你把纸拿回来的时候,
要特别注意做了标记的东西。
2.
Paper
money
has
been
used
for
over
one
thousand
years.
纸币已被使用了1
000多年了。?
3.
—How
many
times
have
you
been
told
not
to
play
with
fire??
—I’m
sorry.
I’ll
never
do
that
again.
——有多少次你被告知不要玩火?
——我很抱歉。我再也不会那样做了。
4.
In
the
last
few
years
thousands
of
films
have
been
produced
all
over
the
world.
?
在过去的几年里,
世界各地已经制作了数千部电影。
5.
I
want
to
buy
that
kind
of
cloth
because
I
have
been
told
the
cloth
washes
well.
?
我想买那种布,
因为有人告诉我这种布很耐洗。
6.
You
can
go
home
as
soon
as
your
task
has
been
finished.
你的任务一完成你就可以回家。?
7.
Have
the
new
booking
systems
for
tickets
been
used??
新的订票制度已在使用中了吗?
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
The
world’s
first
hydrogen-powered
trains
have
begun
running
in
Germany.
They
began
carrying
passengers
on
Monday
in
Germany’s
northern
Lower
Saxony
state.
The
new
train
will
run
100-kilometer
trips
and
can
travel
up
to
140
kilometers
an
hour.
A
French
railroad
company
called
Alstom
built
the
two
trains.
Teams
in
Germany
and
France
cooperated
on
the
project,
which
was
supported
by
the
German
government.
The
new
train
model,
called
the
Coradia
iLint,
signals
the
beginning
of
efforts
in
Germany
and
other
nations
to
move
away
from
pollution-producing
diesel(柴油)
trains.
Compared
with
the
diesel
trains,
the
Coradia
iLint
is
designed
to
run
on
non-electrified
train
lines
with
low
levels
of
noise.
It
uses
a
process
that
combines
hydrogen
and
oxygen
to
produce
electrical
power.
If
the
system
produces
more
energy
than
the
train
needs
at
that
time,
it
can
store
the
extra
energy
in
batteries.
The
only
emissions(排放物)
are
water
and
steam.
A
single
tank
of
hydrogen
can
run
a
Coradia
iLint
train
for
about
1,
000
kilometers.
This
is
very
similar
to
the
distance
a
diesel-powered
train
can
run
on
with
a
single
tank.
Hydrogen-powered
trains
cost
more
than
diesel
trains
to
build.
But
Alstom
officials
say
the
operating
costs
are
much
lower.
The
company
plans
to
provide
another
14
Coradia
iLint
trains
to
Lower
Saxony
by
2021.
The
head
of
railroad
operations
in
the
area,
Carmen
Schwabl,
praised
replacing
diesel
trains
with
hydrogen.
She
said
the
move
was
an
important
first
step
in
using
clean-burning
technologies
to
reach
climate
protection
goals.
Officials
say
the
area’s
many
wind
turbines
(涡轮机)
will
produce
part
of
the
energy
to
create
the
hydrogen
to
power
the
trains.
Alstom
says
several
other
European
countries
have
also
expressed
interest
in
developing
hydrogen
train
systems.
France
has
already
said
it
wants
its
first
hydrogen
train
to
be
operating
by
2022.
【文章大意】本文是一篇科技说明文。文章介绍的是一种新型的氢动力火车。
1.
Why
did
Germany
build
the
new
trains?
A.
To
make
traveling
much
easier.
B.
To
carry
more
passengers.
C.
To
replace
diesel
trains.
D.
To
develop
friendship
with
France.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文中第二段最后一句The
new
train
model,
called
the
Coradia
iLint,
signals
the
beginning
of
efforts
in
Germany
and
other
nations
to
move
away
from
pollution-producing
diesel
trains.
(这款名为Coradia
iLint的新列车标志着德国和其他国家开始努力摆脱产生污染的柴油列车。)可知,
德国建造新火车的目的是取代柴油火车。故选C。
2.
It
can
be
concluded
that
hydrogen
trains_______.
?
A.
are
widely
used
B.
can
produce
water
and
oxygen
C.
can
stop
air
pollution
D.
are
environmentally
friendly
【解析】选D。推理判断题。由文中第三段Compared
with
the
diesel
trains,
the
Coradia
iLint
is
designed
to
run
on
non-electrified
train
lines
with
low
levels
of
noise.
和The
only
emissions
are
water
and
steam.
可知,
新的氢动力火车具有低噪音的特点,
且其仅有的排放物是水和蒸汽,
所以是环保的,
故D为正确答案。
3.
What
might
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
World’s
First
Hydrogen
Trains
B.
Efforts
to
Reduce
Emissions
C.
Saving
Natural
Resources
D.
A
New
Way
to
Make
Electricity
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The
world’s
first
hydrogen-powered
trains
have
begun
running
in
Germany.
”和全文内容可知,
本文主要介绍的是一种新型的氢动力火车的研制及其特点。所以A项World’s
First
Hydrogen
Trains(世界上第一批氢火车)符合文章大意。故选A。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
Luckily,
I
got
four
turkeys
this
holiday.
I
1 only
one
of
them.
I
knew
my
neighbor
was
going
through
a
hard
time,
so
I
decided
to
give
one
to
them
as
a 2 .
?
That
still 3 me
with
two
extra
turkeys.
I 4 to
cook
one
of
them,
make
sandwiches
and 5 them
to
an
area
of
town
where
many
people
seem
to
be
in
need
of
food
and
a
little
kindness.
?
While
I
was
waiting
for
the
bus
to
get
there,
I
saw
two
people
that
I
thought
might 6 sandwiches.
The
moment
they
came
near,
I 7 them
each
a
sandwich
and
told
them
to
have
a
good
day.
?
On
the
bus,
a
young
mother
got
on
with
her
little
girl.
I
offered
her
a
sandwich,
and
she
8 accepted.
Then
I
started
giving
them
to
other 9 ,
along
with
smile
cards,
and
they
also
10 with
smiles.
By
this
point,
I
was
11 happiness
and
couldn’t
help
smiling.
I
felt 12 because
of
that.
?
When
we
got
to
the
bus
terminal,
I
had
given
away
five
sandwiches.
The
act
of
giving,
the
care
shared
and
the 13 smiles
just
made
my
heart
filled
with
so
much
14 .
I
think
what
I
have
done
is
good
for
everyone,
15
I
will
do
this
again
soon.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者向陌生人赠送火鸡三明治,
陌生人投以微笑,
彼此都感到快乐。
1.
A.
needed
B.
noticed C.
ordered
D.
saved
【解析】选A。根据上文的“got
four
turkeys
this
holiday”及下文的“I
decided
to
give
one
to
them”和“two
extra
turkeys”可知,
作者只需要(needed)一只火鸡。
2.
A.
prize
B.
gift
C.
choice
D.
wish
【解析】选B。根据上文的“holiday”及“give”可知,
作者决定把一只火鸡作为礼物(gift)送给邻居。
3.
A.
filled
B.
upset
C.
provided
D.
left
【解析】选D。根据上文作者需要一只,
送给邻居一只及下文“two
extra
turkeys”可知,
作者还剩余(left)两只火鸡。
4.
A.
learned
B.
waited
C.
helped
D.
decided
【解析】选D。根据第二段第一句可知,
作者还有两只火鸡,
这里指作者决定把其中一只做成三明治。
5.
A.
mail
B.
lend
C.
sell
D.
take
【解析】选D。由_______them
to
an
area
of
town
where.
.
.
kindness可知,
作者决定把其中一只做成三明治带给他人。?
6.
A.
have
B.
make
C.
like
D.
buy
【解析】选C。根据下文作者送给这两个人三明治可知,
作者认为这两个人也许喜欢(like)三明治。
7.
A.
cooked
B.
offered
C.
found
D.
paid
【解析】选B。由本句后半部分“and
told
them
to
have
a
good
day”可知,
作者主动赠给(offered)这两个人火鸡三明治。
8.
A.
gladly
B.
secretly
C.
seriously
D.
suddenly
【解析】选A。根据下文“they
also_______with
smiles”可知,
这位母亲高兴地(gladly)接受了三明治。?
9.
A.
passengers
B.
shoppers
C.
neighbors
D.
drivers
【解析】选A。作者在公交车上,
所以把三明治送给其他乘客(passengers)。
10.
A.
refused
B.
tried
C.
accepted
D.
explained
【解析】选C。由下文“with
smiles”可知,
其他乘客也高兴地接受了(accepted)三明治。
11.
A.
expecting
B.
requesting
C.
recording
D.
achieving
【解析】选D。根据下文“and
couldn’t
help
smiling”可知,
作者收获着(achieving)幸福。
12.
A.
busy
B.
great
C.
safe
D.
nervous
【解析】选B。根据上文“I
was
_______happiness
and
couldn’t
help
smiling”可知,
给陌生人赠送三明治让作者觉得棒极了(great)。?
13.
A.
surprised
B.
sad
C.
forced
D.
weak
【解析】选A。作者给陌生人火鸡三明治,
当然会让他们感到惊讶,
所以他们的笑容也是惊讶的(surprised)。
14.
A.
joy
B.
calmness
C.
courage
D.
worry
【解析】选A。由上文“I
was
_______happiness
and
couldn’t
help
smiling”可知,
作者内心充满喜悦(joy)。
?
15.
A.
if
B.
though
C.
but
D.
so
【解析】选D。作者认为自己所做的对每个人都有好处,
所以(so)不久会再做一次。
Ⅲ.
语法填空
Rome
wasn’t
built
in
a
day.
Nearly
two
decades
have
passed
since
China
launched
the
first
Beidou
satellite
in
2000.
Since
then,
more
Beidou
satellites
have
been
sent
into
orbit,
1.
__________(form)
the
Beidou
Navigation
Satellite
System
(BDS).
?
In
late
2012,
BDS
2.
__________(begin)
providing
services
to
people
in
China
and
other
parts
of
the
Asia-Pacific
region.
At
the
end
of
2018,
it
started
to
provide
global
services.
Now
with
two
more
Beidou
satellites
3.
(launch)
on
Dec.
16,
2019,
BDS
has
53
satellites
in
orbit.
It
4.
__________(expect)
to
greatly
improve
the
system’s
ability
to
serve
5.
__________(user)
worldwide.
?
Although
a
satellite-based
navigation
system
needs
only
24
satellites
to
run
6.
__________(proper),
having
53
allows
for
better
coverage.
?
This
is
7.
__________it
works:
a
signal
receiver
on
Earth
measures
its
distance
from
at
least
three
satellites
by
recording
the
amount
of
time
it
takes
8.
__________
(receive)
their
signals.
Then
it
can
calculate
its
location.
With
so
many
satellites,
BDS
can
provide
9.
__________more
accurate
calculation.
While
GPS
provides
meter-level
positioning
accuracy,
BDS
reduces
the
error
10.
centimeters.
This
service
is
especially
useful
for
land
surveying,
mapping,
agriculture
and
automated
driving.
?
Future
plans
call
for
a
smarter
and
more
accessible
system
with
Beidou
at
its
core,
to
come
online
by
2035.
By
then,
we
can
probably
say
that
Rome
has
finally
been
built.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我国自主研发的北斗定位系统,
包括其发展、作用、运行模式、优势等。
1.
【解析】forming。考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分和句子结构可知,
句中已有谓语动词have
been
sent,
无连词,
可推断这是一个简单句,
所以设空处用作非谓语动词,
在句中充当状语;设空处与逻辑主语Beidou
satellites之间是主动关系,
所以要用现在分词。故填forming。
2.
【解析】began。考查谓语动词时态。分析句子成分可知,
句中缺少谓语动词,
可推断设空处充当谓语;根据时间状语In
late
2012可知,
应该用一般过去时。故填began。
3.
【解析】launched。考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分和句子结构可知,
句中已有谓语动词has,
无连词,
可推断这是一个简单句,
所以设空处用作非谓语动词,
在句中充当宾语补足语;设空处与逻辑主语Beidou
satellites之间是被动关系,
所以要用过去分词。故填launched。
4.
【解析】is
expected。考查被动语态。分析句子成分可知,
句子缺少谓语动词,
可推断设空处充当谓语;结合文章时态可知,
应该用一般现在时;主语it指的是BDS,
与expect之间是被动关系,
所以要用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is
expected。
5.
【解析】users。考查名词复数。设空处位于不定式to
serve后面,
充当宾语,
且此处指的是全世界的用户,
所以应该用复数形式,
泛指多个用户。故填users。
6.
【解析】properly。考查副词。设空处位于非谓语动词to
run后面,
起修饰作用,
修饰动词要用副词形式。故填properly。
7.
【解析】how。考查表语从句连接词。句意:
这是它如何运作的(模式)。分析句子成分和结构可知,
句中有系动词is和谓语动词works,
可推断含有两个句子,
所以设空处需要填入连接词;从句位于is后面,
是表语从句;根据后文的描述可知,
这里说明的是运行模式,
即如何运行,
所以要用连接副词how。
8.
【解析】to
receive。考查固定句型。分析句子“a
signal
receiver
on
Earth
measures
its
distance
from
at
least
three
satellites
by
recording
the
amount
of
time
it
takes_______(receive)
their
signals”可知,
句中含有省略关系词that/which的定语从句it
takes_______(receive)
their
signals,
修饰先行词time;关系词在从句中代替time充当takes的宾语,
此处考查固定句型it
takes
time
to
do
sth.
,
意为“做某事花费多少时间”。故填to
receive。?
9.
【解析】a。考查冠词。句意:
因为有这么多的卫星,
BDS可以提供一种更精确的计算结果。calculation在句中意为计算结果,
是可数名词,
前面没有限定词,
无特指,
需要填不定冠词;more发音的第一个音素为辅音音素。故填a。
10.
【解析】to。考查介词。句意:
尽管GPS提供到米的定位精确度,
但是BDS把误差减少到了厘米。根据句意可知,
此处考查固定表达reduce.
.
.
to意为“减少到……”。故填to。
阅读理解
A
Robert
Jarvik,
born
on
May
11,
1946
in
Michigan
and
raised
in
Stamford,
is
a
medical
scientist
and
researcher,
who
played
an
important
role
in
the
invention
of
the
artificial
heart.
He
was
interested
in
medicine
from
a
young
age.
He
watched
his
father
perform
operations
and
gained
a
patent
(专利权)
for
a
machine
applied
in
the
medical
operation
before
he
graduated
from
high
school.
Jarvik
attended
Syracuse
University
and
considered
a
career
in
art.
When
his
father
developed
heart
disease
suddenly,
he
decided
then
to
work
on
a
medical
career.
He
applied
to
medical
schools,
but
was
not
admitted
to
any
schools
in
the
US.
Before
long,
he
was
admitted
to
the
medical
school
in
Italy
and
stayed
there
for
two
years.
He
returned
to
get
a
degree
in
medicine
from
New
York
University
in
1971.
After
working
for
a
period
of
time,
Jarvik
got
a
job
in
the
organ
transplant
(器官移植)
program
at
the
University
of
Utah
in
1972.
He
worked
with
the
director
of
the
program,
Willem
Kolff,
who
invented
the
kidney
dialysis
(肾透析)
machine.
By
the
time
Jarvik
came
to
the
University
of
Utah,
the
organ
program
had
already
developed
the
primary
artificial
heart.
He
improved
it
by
creating
a
diaphragm
(膈膜),
which
solved
many
issues
with
the
heart.
Eventually,
he
created
the
first
artificial
heart
in
1981,
the
Jarvik-7,
to
be
placed
in
a
human
patient,
which
was
considered
one
of
the
most
important
inventions
in
human
history.
Barney
Clark,
a
retired
dentist
suffering
from
serious
heart
disease,
received
the
Jarvik-7
transplant
on
December
2,
1982.
He
lived
for
112
days
after
the
operation,
but
the
transplant
was
considered
a
success.
Though
receiving
criticism
for
the
risk
of
transplanting
an
artificial
heart,
the
Jarvik-7
still
became
very
important
for
patients
who
were
waiting
for
a
heart.
In
1987,
Jarvik
moved
to
New
York
City
and
formed
Jarvik
Research
Inc.
He
began
developing
a
new
heart
—
the
Jarvik
2000.
This
smaller
machine
fits
inside
a
patient’s
heart
rather
than
replacing
the
entire
organ.
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了美国著名的医学科学家——Robert
Jarvik在发明人造心脏方面做出了巨大的贡献。
1.
What
method
does
the
writer
use
to
develop
the
passage?
A.
By
discussing
research
experiments.
B.
By
following
the
natural
time
order.
C.
By
presenting
some
research
results.
D.
By
comparing
opinions
from
different
fields.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。通读全文可知,
作者依据时间先后顺序对Robert
Jarvik进行了介绍。故选B。
2.
The
underlined
word
“issues”
in
Paragraph
4
probably
means
“_______”.
?
A.
items
B.
incidents
C.
problems
D.
debates
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句He
improved
it
by
creating
a
diaphragm,
which
solved
many
issues
with
the
heart.
可知,
他通过创造膈膜来改善它,
这解决了有关心脏的许多问题。由此推知,
issues意为“问题”。故选C。
3.
Which
of
the
following
incidents
made
Robert
Jarvik
determine
his
life-long
career?
A.
His
father
developed
heart
disease
suddenly.
B.
He
received
a
patent
for
the
medical
operation.
C.
He
took
part
in
the
organ
program
at
the
University
of
Utah.
D.
He
was
refused
to
be
admitted
to
any
medical
school
in
the
US.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的When
his
father
developed
heart
disease
suddenly,
he
decided
then
to
work
on
a
medical
career.
可知,
当他的父亲突然患上心脏病时,
他决定从事医疗事业。由此可知,
Robert
Jarvik是在父亲突然患心脏病之后决定把医学作为自己的职业的。故选A。
4.
What
is
the
greatest
achievement
for
Robert
Jarvik
as
a
medical
scientist?
A.
He
invented
the
kidney
dialysis
machine.
B.
He
created
the
first
artificial
heart
in
1981.
C.
He
created
a
diaphragm
to
fit
inside
a
patient’s
heart.
D.
He
did
the
first
heart
transplant
operation
for
a
patient.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的Eventually,
he
created
the
first
artificial
heart
in
1981,
the
Jarvik-7,
to
be
placed
in
a
human
patient,
which
was
considered
one
of
the
most
important
inventions
in
human
history.
可知,
最终,
他在1981年创造了第一个人造心脏——Jarvik-7,
被放置在人类病人身上,
这被认为是人类历史上最重要的发明之一。由此可知,
Robert
Jarvik创造了人类历史上第一个人造心脏,
这是他作为医学科学家的最伟大的成就。故选B。
【点睛】
做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,
和题干进行比较,
再做出正确选择。如第4小题,
What
is
the
greatest
achievement
for
Robert
Jarvik
as
a
medical
scientist?要求判断出作为一名医学科学家,
Robert
Jarvik最伟大的成就是什么。根据第四段中的Eventually,
he
created
the
first
artificial
heart
in
1981,
the
Jarvik-7,
to
be
placed
in
a
human
patient,
which
was
considered
one
of
the
most
important
inventions
in
human
history.
可知,
他在1981年创造了第一个人造心脏,
这被认为是人类历史上最重要的发明之一。由此可知,
创造了人类历史上第一个人造心脏是Robert
Jarvik作为医学科学家的最伟大的成就。故选B。
B
Chinese
researchers
have
developed
a
robot
designed
to
help
doctors
treat
the
COVID-19
and
other
highly
contagious
(传染的)diseases.
The
machine
has
a
long
robotic
arm
attached
to
a
base
with
wheels.
It
can
perform
some
of
the
same
medical
examination
tasks
as
doctors.
For
example,
the
device
can
listen
to
sounds
made
by
patients’
hearts
and
lungs.
Cameras
record
the
robot’s
activities,
which
are
controlled
at
a
distance
so
doctors
can
avoid
coming
in
close
contact
with
infected
patients.
Doctors
and
other
medical
workers
can
run
the
machine
from
a
nearby
room,
or
from
much
farther
away.
The
robot’s
main
designer
is
Zheng
Gangtie,
an
engineer
and
professor
at
China’s
Tsinghua
University
in
Beijing.
He
told
Reuters
news
agency
that
he
got
the
idea
for
the
machine
when
the
number
of
cases
of
the
COVID-19
was
rising
quickly
in
the
city
of
Wuhan.
One
of
Zheng’s
friends,
head
of
Beijing’s
Tsinghua
Changgung
Hospital,
told
him
that
one
of
the
biggest
problems
in
dealing
with
COVID-19
was
that
healthcare
workers
treating
patients
were
getting
themselves
infected.
Zheng
said
he
wanted
to
do
something
to
help
this
situation.
So
the
engineer
gathered
a
team
and
went
to
work
on
the
robot.
Zheng
said
the
team
was
able
to
change
two
robotic
arms.
The
new
robot
is
almost
completely
automated
(自动化的),
Zheng
said.
It
can
even
disinfect
itself
after
performing
actions
involving
patient
contact.
“Doctors
are
all
very
brave,
”
Zheng
told
Reuters.
“But
this
virus
is
just
too
contagious.
.
.
We
can
use
robots
to
perform
the
most
dangerous
tasks.
”
However,
Zheng
said
he
had
heard
from
some
doctors
that
it
would
be
better
not
to
build
such
robots.
This
is
because
many
patients
still
desire
a
personal
presence
to
help
calm
them
during
treatment.
The
team
now
has
two
robots
and
both
have
been
tested
by
doctors
at
hospitals
in
Beijing.
One
machine
was
once
taken
to
Wuhan’s
Union
Hospital,
where
doctors
there
were
trained
to
use
it.
Zheng
would
like
to
build
more
of
the
robots,
but
money
from
the
university
has
run
out;each
robot
costs
about
$72,
000
to
make.
He
does
not
plan
to
commercialize
the
design,
but
hopes
that
a
company
can
begin
that
process.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京清华大学教授郑钢铁和他的团队研发了一款机器人,
用来帮助医生治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎和其他高度传染性疾病。
5.
What
are
Paragraphs
4
and
5
mainly
about?
A.
When
the
robot
was
designed.
B.
How
the
robot
is
controlled.
C.
Who
the
robot
is
intended
for.
D.
Why
the
robot
was
invented.
【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据第四段关键句“He
told
Reuters
news
agency
that
he
got
the
idea
for
the
machine
when
the
number
of
cases
of
the
COVID-19
was
rising
quickly
in
the
city
of
Wuhan.
”可知,
当新型冠状病毒肺炎在武汉的病例数迅速上升的时候,
郑钢铁有了发明这个机器人的想法。再根据第五段关键句“Zheng
said
he
wanted
to
do
something
to
help
this
situation.
”可知,
他发明机器人的目的是避免治疗病人的医护人员被感染。由此可以推断出,
文章第四段和第五段主要讲的是为什么要发明这款机器人。故选D项。
6.
The
underlined
word“disinfect”in
Paragraph
6
most
probably
means_______.
?
A.
clean B.
destroy
C.
decorate
D.
break
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据上文The
new
robot
is
almost
completely
automated可知,
这种新机器人几乎是完全自动化的。并且根据画线词所在的句子“It
can
even
disinfect
itself
after
performing
actions
involving
patient
contact.
”可知,
它甚至能_______它自己在执行与患者接触的动作后。机器人发明的目的是避免医生被病人感染,
可以推断出,
机器人所具有的优势就是不会被感染,
也就是说在与病人密切接触后,
它能够自我清洁,
使自己变干净,
免受感染。“disinfect”的意思是“清洁”,
故选A项。?
7.
What
difficulty
is
Zheng
Gangtie
faced
with?
A.
Patients
refusing
to
use
the
new
robot.
B.
Healthcare
workers
getting
themselves
infected.
C.
Being
short
of
money
to
produce
more
of
the
robots.
D.
Having
no
teammates
to
commercialize
the
design.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“Zheng
would
like
to
build
more
of
the
robots,
but
money
from
the
university
has
run
out;each
robot
costs
about
$72,
000
to
make.
”可知,
郑钢铁想要建造更多的机器人,
但是大学的钱已经用完了。由此可推断出他面临的困难是缺乏生产更多机器人的资金。故选C项。
8.
Which
of
the
following
might
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.
Doctors
are
Fighting
against
COVID-19
B.
COVID-19
is
Under
Control
in
China
C.
Chinese
Robot
is
Invented
to
Replace
Doctors
to
Cure
Diseases
D.
Chinese
Robot
is
Designed
to
Help
Doctors
Fight
COVID-19
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读文章可知,
文章主要讲的是郑钢铁和他的团队研发了一款机器人,
用来帮助医生治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎和其他高度传染性疾病,
但并不能取代医生的位置。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“One
machine
was
once
taken
to
Wuhan’s
Union
Hospital,
where
doctors
there
were
trained
to
use
it.
”可知,
武汉协和医院的医生已经接受过使用这种机器人的培训了,
也可以证明机器人的发明是用来帮助医生抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎的。故选D项。
PAGE
-
12
-课时素养评价
七 Unit
3 Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
Happiness
doesn’t
depend
on
who
you
are
or
what
you
have;
it
only
depends
on
what
you
think
of
your
life.
2.
The
police
shot
(shoot)
at
the
criminal
but
he
escaped.
3.
It’s
fashionable
but
wearable(wear),
and
it’s
easy
to
look
after.
4.
They
suggested
that
she
(should)make(make)
a
working
plan
ahead
of
time.
5.
Online
education
gives
students
enough
flexibility
(flexible).
6.
He
is
always
ready
to
help
others,
desiring
(desire)
nothing.
7.
Additional
(addition)
courses
may
be
taken
if
desired.
8.
Kids
don’t
understand
how
technology
can
be
applied
to
careers
in
addition
to
computing
(compute).
9.
The
course
is
suitable
for
beginners
and
advanced(advance)
students.
10.
The
strong
desire
to
become(become)
a
famous
movie
star
encourages
her
to
practice
harder.
?
Ⅱ.
选词填空
start
with,
in
terms
of,
used
to,
lead
to,
be
capable
of,
in
addition,
no
doubt
1.
It
is
often
a
good
idea
to
start
with
smaller,
easily
achievable
goals.
?
2.
As
the
saying
goes,
all
roads
lead
to
Rome.
?
3.
In
terms
of
population,
China
is
the
largest
country
in
the
world.
?
4.
A
witch
is
someone
who
is
capable
of
magic.
?
5.
We
used
to
be
badly
off,
but
now
we
are
well
off.
?
6.
American
children
eat
too
many
snacks
between
meals.
In
addition,
they
drink
too
many
sugary
drinks.
?
7.
There
is
no
doubt
that
the
measures
China
took
at
the
beginning
of
the
epidemic
were
very
effective.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
I
desire
you
to
join
our
club,
as
it
is
a
great
way
to
keep
fit
and
a
good
chance
to
relax
ourselves.
?
我希望你能加入我们的俱乐部,
因为这是保持健康的好方法,
并且让我们有机会放松我们自己。
2.
One
of
the
things
I’ve
learned
is
that
you
never
say
never.
?
我学到的事情之一就是你别轻易说绝不。
3.
Where
was
it
that
the
road
accident
happened
yesterday??
昨天的交通事故到底是在哪里发生的?
4.
What
impressed
us
most
was
her
bright
smile.
?
给我们印象最深的是她灿烂的微笑。
5.
George
Orwell,
whose
real
name
was
Eric
Arthur,
wrote
many
political
novels
and
essays.
乔治·奥威尔,
本名艾瑞克·亚瑟,
写过许多政治小说和散文。?
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
A
woman
is
swimming
at
night
in
a
dark
sea.
Suddenly,
she
is
pulled
underwater.
She
surfaces,
cries
in
terror,
then
disappears
forever.
This
is
the
opening
scene
from
the
1975
film
Jaws.
This
film
was
a
great
hit,
but
it
made
things
worse.
Jaws
made
people
frightened
of
sharks,
especially
of
the
great
white
shark.
Some
stopped
swimming
in
the
sea,
afraid
of
the
horrible
creature
from
the
film.
Others
started
fishing
for
sharks,
killing
as
many
as
they
could.
At
that
time,
nobody
cared
if
sharks
were
killed,
or
how
many
were
killed.
People
just
wanted
them
killed.
After
1975,
the
number
of
large
sharks
fell
quickly
around
the
world.
This
was
not
only
due
to
fear
of
sharks,
but
also
finning,
a
type
of
fishing
where
sharks
are
caught
and
their
fins
cut
off.
Unexpectedly,
finning
would
have
a
powerful
effect
upon
Peter
Benchley,
who
wrote
the
book
the
film
Jaws
was
based
on.
One
day
in
1980,
Benchley
was
diving
when
he
came
across
an
awful
sight.
He
saw
fishermen
finning
and
sharks
being
killed,
which
caused
a
deep
change
in
him.
From
then
on,
he
saw
people
as
a
danger
to
sharks,
rather
than
the
other
way
round.
Also,
he
admitted
that
his
book
was
wrong
about
sharks’
behavior.
“Sharks
don’t
target(以……为目标)humans,
”he
said.
Experts
have
proved
that
sharks
do
not
see
people
as
food,
and
they
attack
us
by
mistake.
Only
around
six
people
are
killed
by
sharks
every
year.
Today,
as
we
learn
more
about
sharks,
more
people
than
ever
want
to
protect
them
from
extinction.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章描述了由于人类对鲨鱼的误解而导致鲨鱼被大量捕杀并接近灭亡。不过现在人类已经采取措施保护鲨鱼。
1.
The
film
Jaws
led
to_______.
?
A.
an
end
of
shark
fishing
B.
a
rise
in
shark
population
C.
the
popularity
of
shark
movies
D.
people’s
scare
about
sharks
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第二段Jaws
made
people
frightened
of
sharks,
especially
of
the
great
white
shark(《大白鲨》使人们害怕鲨鱼,
尤其是大白鲨)可知,
因为看了Jaws,
很多人对鲨鱼产生误解而害怕鲨鱼。故选D项。
2.
How
did
the
sight
of
finning
affect
Peter
Benchley?
A.
It
woke
him
up
to
his
false
idea
of
sharks.
B.
It
inspired
him
to
do
research
about
sharks.
C.
It
drove
him
to
learn
how
to
protect
sharks.
D.
It
encouraged
him
not
to
be
afraid
of
sharks.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第四段From
then
on,
he
saw
people
as
a
danger
to
sharks,
rather
than
the
other
way
round.
Also,
he
admitted
that
his
book
was
wrong
about
sharks’
behavior.
(从那时起,
他就把人看成是鲨鱼的威胁,
而不是鲨鱼威胁到人。同时,
他承认他的书中关于鲨鱼行为的描述是错误的。)可知,
Peter
Benchley发现他对鲨鱼有误解。故选A项。
3.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Sharks:
Dangerous
or
Endangered
B.
Jaws:
the
Hottest
Shark
Movie
Ever
C.
Shark
Attacks:
Not
a
Problem
Anymore
D.
Humans:
the
Favourite
Target
of
Sharks
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据对文章的整体分析可知,
作者在文章第一和第二段通过借助电影Jaws的细节描述,
得知人们误解鲨鱼很恐怖。接着在第三段根据After
1975,
the
number
of
large
sharks
fell
quickly
around
the
world.
(1975年以后,
世界各地的大型鲨鱼数量迅速减少。)可知,
鲨鱼受到了大量的捕杀。再根据文章最后一段Today,
as
we
learn
more
about
sharks,
more
people
than
ever
want
to
protect
them
from
extinction.
(今天,
随着我们对鲨鱼了解得越来越多,
想要保护它们免遭灭绝的人比以往任何时候都多。)可知,
因为大量的捕杀导致鲨鱼接近灭绝,
现在人类也开始意识到了这一点,
开始采取措施保护鲨鱼。所以短文的最佳标题是《鲨鱼:
危险的还是濒危的》。故选A项。
B
Alexa
is
a
form
of
artificial
intelligence,
or
AI
for
short.
Many
people
start
their
mornings
by
asking
Alexa
for
the
weather
forecast
or
the
latest
news.
A
device
(设备)
that
houses
Alexa
can
also
play
music
from
your
favorite
playlists,
keep
a
shopping
list,
order
takeout
food,
answer
questions,
send
messages
and
even
run
“smart”
home
controls.
Training
AI
systems
to
respond
to
problems
with
human-like
intelligence
and
learn
from
their
mistakes
can
take
months,
or
even
years.
Consider
Alexa
and
similar
software,
such
as
Apple’s
Siri.
To
do
the
tasks
its
human
owners
ask,
these
systems
must
make
sense
of
and
then
respond
to
sentences
such
as,
“Alexa,
play
my
Ed
Sheeran
playlist”
or
“Siri,
what
is
the
capital
of
India?”
Computers
can’t
understand
language
as
it
is
spoken
by
people.
So
AI
researchers
must
find
a
way
to
help
humans
communicate
with
computers.
The
technology
used
to
get
computers
to
“understand”
human
speech
or
text
is
known
as
natural
language
processing.
By
natural
language,
computer
scientists
refer
to
the
way
people
naturally
talk
or
write.
To
teach
an
AI
system
a
task
like
comprehending
(理解)
a
sentence
or
responding
to
a
person’s
last
move
in
a
board
game,
scientists
need
to
feed
it
lots
of
examples.
AlphaGo
is
an
AI
system
designed
by
Google
that
has
beaten
a
human
champion,
Lee
Sedol,
at
the
strategy
(策略)
board
game
Go.
To
train
AlphaGo,
Google
had
to
show
it
30
million
Go
moves
that
people
had
made
while
playing
the
game.
Then
AlphaGo
used
what
it
learned
to
analyze
those
plays
as
it
played
against
different
versions
(版本)
of
itself.
During
this
practice,
the
program
came
up
with
new
moves—ones
never
seen
in
games
between
people.
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文,
文章介绍了AI可以在我们的生活中发挥很重要的作用,
同时还介绍了科学家对AI技术的研究和探索。
4.
What
does
the
example
of
Alexa
show?
A.
AI
may
replace
humans
one
day.
B.
AI
is
playing
a
role
in
our
modern
life.
C.
AI
has
been
widely
used
around
the
world.
D.
AI
has
totally
changed
people’s
bad
habits.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句A
device
that
houses
Alexa
can
also
play
music
from
your
favorite
playlists,
keep
a
shopping
list,
order
takeout
food,
answer
questions,
send
messages
and
even
run
“smart”
home
controls.
可知,
这些运用Alexa的例子主要是为了告诉我们AI在我们的现代生活中起着很重要的作用。
5.
How
do
scientists
train
AI
systems?
A.
By
testing
them
thousands
of
times.
B.
By
teaching
them
almost
everything.
C.
By
giving
them
quite
a
lot
of
tasks
to
do.
D.
By
providing
them
with
large
amounts
of
data.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句To
teach
an
AI
system
a
task
like
comprehending
a
sentence
or
responding
to
a
person’s
last
move
in
a
board
game,
scientists
need
to
feed
it
lots
of
examples.
可知,
研究人员给AI系统很多例子,
也就是说科学家给AI系统提供很多的数据。
6.
What
can
we
learn
about
AlphaGo?
A.
It
has
become
very
skillful
and
intelligent.
B.
It
is
the
most
convenient
AI
system.
C.
It
avoids
making
any
mistakes.
D.
It
just
follows
human
orders.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句AlphaGo
is
an
AI
system
designed
by
Google
that
has
beaten
a
human
champion,
Lee
Sedol,
at
the
strategy
board
game
Go.
可知,
AlphaGo在围棋棋艺上很出色,
甚至击败了世界冠军李世石,
说明它棋艺纯熟,
特别聪明。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
Nowadays
along
with
the
booming
of
computer
science,
computers
are
widely
used
here
and
there.
People
even
can
find
computers
in
most
classrooms.
While
teachers
remain
more
or
less
the
same,
computers
are
doubling
in
speed
and
capability
every
four
years.
1 As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
teachers
still
play
a
major
role
and
are
still
of
great
importance.
?
2
However
advanced
they
may
be,
computers
are
nothing
more
than
human
inventions
programmed
to
perform
certain
tasks.
?
They
are
unable
to
deal
with
students
with
different
background.
Needless
to
say,
a
classroom
is
a
place
where
individual
attention
and
creativity
matter
most.
Therefore,
computers
are
no
better
than
other
tools
used
by
teachers
and
couldn’t
possibly
make
the
roles
played
by
them
weaker.
In
terms
of
accuracy
and
the
amount
of
information,
computers
outshine
humans.
3
Indeed,
a
good
teacher
organizes
and
inspires
the
students.
?
Besides,
the
interaction
between
students
and
teachers
is
vital
for
the
learning.
According
to
most
education
authorities,
real
learning
occurs
during
the
discussion
and
sharing
of
ideas
with
one’s
teacher
and
classmates.
Moreover,
a
teacher
is
there
to
monitor
every
slight
change
in
students’
attitude,
to
respond
to
and
encourage
them
whenever
they
show
signs
of
frustration
and
impatience.
4 ?
Despite
the
increasing
presence
of
computers
inside
classrooms,
teachers
are
just
as
essential,
if
not
more
so,
as
instructors
were
in
the
past.
5 ?
A.
It’s
time
that
teachers
should
develop
themselves.
B.
Without
this
kind
of
interaction,
education
is
unimaginable.
C.
Advanced
as
computers
may
be,
some
teachers
are
less
impatient.
D.
But
to
make
a
good
teacher
means
far
more
than
being
an
encyclopedia
(百科全书).
E.
People
can’t
help
wondering
whether
teachers
are
as
important
as
they
once
were.
F.
Some
drawbacks
make
it
impossible
for
computers
to
replace
teachers
in
classrooms.
G.
It
is
well
known
that
computers
are
better
at
repetitive
work
but
incapable
of
creative
thinking.
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。随着计算机科学的蓬勃发展,
计算机在国内外得到了广泛的应用。人们甚至可以在大多数教室里找到电脑。虽然教师几乎保持不变,
但计算机的速度和能力每四年翻一番。人们不禁想知道教师是否和以前一样重要。就作者而言,
教师仍然扮演着主要的角色,
而且仍然很重要。
1.
【解析】选E。由第一段“
While
teachers
remain
more
or
less
the
same,
computers
are
doubling
in
speed
and
capability
every
four
years.
_______
As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
teachers
still
play
a
major
role
and
are
still
of
great
importance.
”可知,
虽然教师几乎保持不变,
但计算机的速度和能力每四年翻一番。__________就我而言,
教师仍然扮演着主要的角色,
而且仍然很重要。所以小题1在句中起着承上启下的作用。故E选项“人们不禁想知道教师是否和以前一样重要”符合语境。故E选项切题。?
2.
【解析】选G。由第二段“However
advanced
they
may
be,
computers
are
nothing
more
than
human
inventions
programmed
to
perform
certain
tasks.
”可知,
无论计算机多么先进,
它们不过是为完成某些任务而被设计的人类发明。所以小题2与后一句为承接关系,
来说明计算机不可能超越人类的思维,
它们不过是为完成某些任务而被设计的人类发明。故G选项“众所周知,
计算机更擅长重复工作,
但不具备创造性思维能力”符合语境。故G选项切题。
3.
【解析】选D。由第四段“In
terms
of
accuracy
and
the
amount
of
information,
computers
outshine
humans.
”可知,
在准确性和信息量方面,
计算机比人类做得好。所以小题3要与前句构成转折关系,
以此来引出下一句。故D选项“但要成为一名好教师,
远不止是一本百科全书”符合语境。故D选项切题。
4.
【解析】选B。由第五段“
Moreover,
a
teacher
is
there
to
monitor
every
slight
change
in
students’
attitude,
to
respond
to
and
encourage
them
whenever
they
show
signs
of
frustration
and
impatience.
”可知,
此外,
教师还负责监督学生态度的每一个细微变化,
每当他们表现出沮丧和不耐烦的迹象时,
就对他们做出回应和鼓励。所以小题4对比性地说明没有这种互动,
教育是不可想象的。故B选项切题。
5.
【解析】选F。由最后一段“Despite
the
increasing
presence
of
computers
inside
classrooms,
teachers
are
just
as
essential,
if
not
more
so,
as
instructors
were
in
the
past.
”可知,
尽管教室里的电脑越来越多,
但教师和过去的教师一样重要,
甚至更重要。所以小题5要总结性地表明自己的观点,
即有些缺点使计算机无法取代教室里的教师。故F选项切题。
Ⅲ.
完形填空
The
team
I
work
in
just
had
2
new
interns(实习生),
and
I
happen
to
be
their
supervisor.
After
today’s
lunch
break,
I
saw
that
one
of
them
was
reading
things
on
her
smart
phone,
maybe
on
some
social
network,
I
1
.
I
went
to
her
and
said,
“There’s
another
document
here
2
translation.
Do
you
have
time
to
finish
it
for
me?”
That
document
was
not
in
her
3
workloads.
But
I
thought
I
could
let
her
4
herself
a
little
bit
with
it,
seeing
that
she
seemed
to
have 5 .
“Yes,
I
do
have
time.
”
She
said,
“but
I’m
just
an
intern.
”
I
didn’t
quite
know 6 to
say
back
then.
After
a
while
I
mumbled,
“Right.
Yes.
”
And
I
turned
around
and
left.
?
I 7
the
time
when
I
was
an
intern
for
the
first
time.
I,
too,
managed
to
finish
my
workload
so
fast,
just
like
her.
So,
I
asked
my
supervisor
“Is
there
8
else
that
I
can
help?”
And
she
happened
to
have
a
plan
to
make.
But
she
didn’t
have
time.
So
she
let
me
do
the
research
and
make
a
draft
for
her.
I
was
not
very
familiar
with
the
job
9 still
tried
to
carry
it
out
based
on
my
understanding
and
make
it
as
10
as
possible.
And
my
supervisor
was
really
satisfied
with
the
11 .
Later,
she
told
me
“You
12
me
a
lot
of
time.
I
didn’t
need
to
create
it
from
start.
”
And
she
told
me
13
how
I
should
have
done
the
plan
differently.
I
learned
a
lot
about
the
operation
in
the
process.
After
that,
she
came
to
trust
me
completely.
I
got
my
current
job
all
because
of
her
recommendation.
?
Yes,
I
was
just
an
intern
with
a
low
salary,
but
I 14 a
better
future
with
my
extra
labor.
Time
passing,
I
got
it
that
there’s
a
kind
of
15 called
short-sightedness.
?
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的公司来了两名实习生,
正好由作者主管,
作者见其中有一名实习生有时间,
想让她帮忙翻译一份文件却遭到拒绝,
由此作者联想到自己做实习生的经历并且产生了一些感想。
1.
A.
asked
B.
acquired
C.
guessed
D.
guaranteed
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
今天午休后,
我看到其中一个实习生正在用她的智能手机看东西,
我猜可能是在用社交网络。
asked问;acquired获得;guessed猜想;guaranteed保证。由此可以看出,
作者只是看到这名实习生在用手机看东西,
但是作者确实不确定,
所以只能是猜想,
故选C。
2.
A.
asking B.
waiting
C.
providing
D.
needing
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
这里还有一份文件需要翻译,
你有时间帮我完成吗?
asking问;waiting等待;providing提供;needing
需要。根据句意,
作者让实习生翻译文件,
所以只能是文件需要翻译。故选D。
3.
A.
allowed
B.
assigned
C.
achieved
D.
accused
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
这份文件不在她需要完成的工作量中。allowed允许的;assigned
分配的;achieved完成的;accused被控告的。由此可知,
实习生实习有自己的工作量,
而作者给她的这份文件不是她需要完成的工作量,
故选B。
4.
A.
challenge
B.
compete
C.
complain
D.
contribute
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
但我想我可以让她用它来挑战自己。challenge挑战;compete竞赛;complain抱怨;contribute贡献。根据句意可知,
这份文件不是她需要完成的工作量,
所以作者让她帮忙翻译是挑战她自己。故选A。
5.
A.
idea
B.
ability
C.
time
D.
task
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。idea想法;ability能力;time时间;task任务。根据上文的reading
things
on
her
smart
phone
可知,
这名实习生正在看手机,
所以看起来有时间可以完成这份文件,
故选C。
6.
A.
what
B.
that
C.
which
D.
where
【解析】选A。考查疑问词辨析。句意:
她说:
“但我只是个实习生。”那时我不知道该说什么来回她。根据句意,
实习生有时间,
但却不愿意翻译这份文件,
说她只是实习生,
我听到这句话后不知道该用什么样的话来回应她的回答。故选A。
7.
A.
forgot
B.
foresaw
C.
reminded
D.
recalled
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
我回忆起我第一次实习的时候。forgot忘记;foresaw
预见;reminded提醒;recalled
回想起。上文的but
I’m
just
an
intern
可以看出实习生不愿意翻译文件,
所以这使作者回忆起了自己做实习生的时候,
故选D。
8.
A.
anything
B.
nothing
C.
something
D.
everything
【解析】选A。考查代词词义辨析。句意:
我问我的上司“还有什么我可以帮忙的吗?”根据上文I,
too,
managed
to
finish
my
workload可知,
我已经完成了我的工作,
所以后面对应的应该是,
我问上司还有没有需要帮忙的。anything
else“别的任何事”,
故选
A。
9.
A.
and
B.
but
C.
for
D.
or
【解析】选B。考查连词词义辨析。句意:
我对这项工作不太熟悉,
但我还是根据我的理解,
尽可能地把它做到最好。此句前半句与后半句句意表示转折,
所以用but,
故选
B。
10.
A.
precious
B.
consistent
C.
professional
D.
complicated
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。precious宝贵的;consistent坚持的;professional专业的;complicated复杂的。根据上下文可知,
虽然我对这项工作不是很熟悉,
后面转折,
表示我能尽力去做,
所以是尽可能使它专业。故选C。
11.
A.
report
B.
show
C.
lesson
D.
draft
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
我的主管对草案非常满意。report报告;show展示;lesson课;draft草案。根据句意,
我尽力去做这项任务,
再根据satisfied可知,
主管对我的草案满意。故选D。
12.
A.
gave
B.
saved
C.
lent
D.
borrowed
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
你为我节省了很多时间。我不需要从头开始创作。gave给;saved节省,
拯救;lent借出;borrowed借入。根据题意,
主管不需要自己再从头开始,
所以是为她节省了很多时间。故选B。
13.
A.
in
detail
B.
in
surprise
C.
in
charge
D.
in
trouble
【解析】选A。考查介词短语辨析。句意:
她详细地告诉我,
我应该如何以不同的方式完成计划。in
detail详细地;in
surprise惊讶地;in
charge在……看管之下;in
trouble
处于困境中。主管给我讲如何完成计划,
所以是详细地讲,
故选A。
14.
A.
persuaded
B.
begged
C.
devoted
D.
bought
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
我只是一个薪水很低的实习生,
但我用我的额外劳动买了一个更好的未来。persuaded说服;begged乞讨;devoted致力于;bought买。根据上文I
got
my
current
job
all
because
of
her
recommendation可知,
我的主管推荐的我做的这份工作。并且此处bought正好与a
low
salary
形成对比,
表示虽然工资低,
但额外劳动却使她有了更好的未来,
故选D。
15.
A.
power
B.
pressure
C.
poverty
D.
performance
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
我发现有一种贫困叫短见。power力量;pressure压力;poverty贫穷;performance表演。根据a
better
future
with
my
extra
labor可知,
此处正好与这名实习生的不愿意帮助形成呼应,
由我愿意帮助主管并且不断努力,
最终有了今天的工作可知,
实习生这种行为是短见的体现,
所以有一种贫穷叫短见。故选C。
【阅读多维训练】
根据阅读理解B篇,
完成下列题目。
1.
句式仿写
A
device
that
houses
Alexa
can
also
play
music
from
your
favorite
playlists,
keep
a
shopping
list,
order
takeout
food,
answer
questions,
send
messages
and
even
run
“smart”
home
controls.
?
安装了Alexa的设备还可以播放你最喜欢的播放列表中的音乐、记录购物清单、订购外卖、回答你的问题、发送信息,
甚至运行“智能”家庭控件。
句式仿写:
昨天你告诉我的消息很令人兴奋。
The
news
that
you
told
me
yesterday
was
really
exciting.
?
2.
句式分析
To
train
AlphaGo,
Google
had
to
show
it
30
million
Go
moves
that
people
had
made
while
playing
the
game.
分析:
本句是主从复合句。其中To
train
AlphaGo是动词不定式作目的状语;show
it
30
million
Go
moves是show接双宾语;that
people
had
made是that引导的定语从句,
修饰moves;while
playing
the
game是时间状语从句while
they
were
playing
the
game的省略形式。
译文:
为了训练Alphago,
谷歌不得不向它输入人们在下围棋时所走的3
000万步棋。?
3.
文章结构分析
Theme
The
effect
of
AI
Part
1
(Para.
1):
Introduce
Alexa—a
form
of
AI
Alexa
is
a
form
of
artificial
intelligence.
A
device
that
houses
Alexa
can
do
many
things.
Part
2
(Para.
2
and
Para.
3
):
How
to
train
AI
systems
Training
AI
systems
to
respond
to
problems
with
human-like
intelligence
and
learn
from
their
mistakes
can
take
months,
or
even
years.
By
natural
language,
computer
scientists
refer
to
the
way
people
naturally
talk
or
write.
Part
3
(Para.
4):
Another
example
of
AI—AlphaGo
AlphaGo
is
an
AI
system
designed
by
Google
that
has
beaten
a
human
champion,
Lee
Sedol,
at
the
strategy
board
game
Go.
阅读理解
Many
science
fiction
stories
tell
about
explorers
arriving
in
a
new
world.
The
explorers
then
use
some
kind
of
high-tech
device
to
test
for
breathable
air
or
signs
of
life.
But
here
on
Earth,
science
fiction
is
becoming
reality
through
a
new
sampling
technology
called
environmental
DNA,
or
e-DNA
for
short.
Scientists
can
use
it
to
identify
rare
species
or
estimate
fish
populations
with
just
a
little
air
or
water.
Environmental
DNA
can
be
used
in
two
ways.
One
is
to
identify
the
creatures
that
live
in
a
certain
place.
The
other
is
to
confirm
the
presence
or
lack
of
a
specific
creature.
Caren
Goldberg
is
one
of
the
first
biologists
in
the
northwestern
United
States
to
take
the
technology
from
the
testing
stage
to
actually
using
it.
She
sees
e-DNA
as
a
way
to
get
answers
more
efficiently,
and
with
less
destruction
compared
to
traditional
survey
techniques.
Until
recently,
scientists
depended
on
diving
deep,
netting
or
using
an
electric
current
to
temporarily
catch
fish.
This
newer
way
to
identify
what
lives
in
the
environment
is
becoming
popular
around
the
world.
Animal
experts
in
Vietnam
are
using
the
e-DNA
to
find
the
last,
wild
Yangtze
giant
softshell
turtles.
One
researcher
on
the
Caribbean
island
of
Trinidad
is
using
the
sampling
technology
to
find
endangered
golden
tree-frogs.
And
in
Madagascar,
it
is
being
used
to
identify
amphibian
(两栖动物)
diseases.
Ms
Goldberg
has
used
e-DNA
testing
to
confirm
the
local
extinction
of
a
leopard
frog
in
the
American
state
of
Idaho.
She
has
also
been
asked
to
document
the
spread
of
the
New
Zealand
mud-snail
in
the
state
of
Washington.
The
creature
has
been
found
in
lakes
and
other
waterways
across
the
state.
Scientists
working
with
the
technology
say
they
do
not
expect
robots
to
replace
field
biologists
anytime
soon.
But
the
old-fashioned
field
work
could
soon
be
more
targeted.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要向读者介绍了科学界一项新的采样技术,
即环境DNA,
这项技术可以利用一点空气或水识别罕见的外来入侵物种或研究生物的多样性。本文介绍了这项技术的三个方面:
主要用途;生物学家Caren
Goldberg对它的评价;它正在世界各地流行起来。
1.
By
using
e-DNA,
Caren
Goldberg
has
_______.
?
A.
succeeded
in
catching
many
fishes
B.
found
the
existence
of
golden
tree
frogs
C.
documented
the
spread
of
softshell
turtles
D.
proved
the
disappearance
of
the
leopard
frog
in
Idaho
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Ms
Goldberg
has
used
e-DNA
testing
to
confirm
the
local
extinction
of
a
leopard
frog
in
the
American
state
of
Idaho.
可知,
戈德伯格女士利用e-DNA检测证实了美国爱达荷州当地豹蛙的灭绝。故选D项。
2.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
Robots
will
replace
scientists
soon.
B.
Some
scientists
are
against
using
e-DNA.
C.
The
old-fashioned
field
work
may
disappear.
D.
Many
biologists
are
unwilling
to
do
the
field
work.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段Scientists
working
with
the
technology
say
they
do
not
expect
robots
to
replace
field
biologists
anytime
soon.
But
the
old-fashioned
field
work
could
soon
be
more
targeted.
可知,
从事这项技术的科学家不希望机器人在短期内取代野外生物学家。但是很快,
老式的实地调查更可能会成为针对目标。由此可以推断出,
老式的实地调查可能会消失。故选C项。
3.
The
passage
can
be
sorted
as_______.
?
A.
science
fiction
B.
an
experiment
report
C.
a
science
report
D.
a
bio-diversity
discovery
【解析】选C。推理判断题。由第一段But
here
on
Earth,
science
fiction
is
becoming
reality
through
a
new
sampling
technology
called
environmental
DNA,
or
e-DNA
for
short.
Scientists
can
use
it
to
identify
rare
species
or
estimate
fish
populations
with
just
a
little
air
or
water.
可知,
在地球上,
通过一种名为环境DNA的新采样技术,
科幻小说正在变成现实。科学家可以用它来鉴定稀有物种,
或者用少量的空气或水来估计鱼类的数量。由此可推断出,
本文不是科幻小说,
而是一篇科学报道。故选C项。
【点睛】
推理判断题要求在理解原文字面意思的基础上,
通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示,
做出一定的判断和推理,
从而得到文章的深层意义及隐含意义。出现特征:
在考题中经常出现的词有infer,
imply,
indicate,
conclude,
learn
from,
probably,
most
likely,
prove/according
to等。如第2小题问的是从最后一段可推断出什么,
根据最后一段可知“从事这项技术的科学家不希望机器人在短期内取代野外生物学家”,
因此A项不正确;B项、D项并未被提及;最后一句提到“但是很快,
老式的实地调查更可能会成为针对目标”,
我们可以推断出老式的实地调查可能会消失。
PAGE
-
14
-Unit
3
Developing
ideas
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
woman
injured
(injury)
in
the
car
crash
is
still
under
treatment
in
hospital.
2.
Only
then
did
he
realize
the
significance(significant)
of
protecting
wild
animals.
3.
A
chemical
experiment
conducted(conduct)
in
the
classroom
greatly
interested
all
the
pupils.
4.
On
returning
home,
she
found
a
note
attached(attach)
to
the
door,
reading
“Call
in
later”.
5.
I’d
like
to
make
it
clear
that
I
had
nothing
to
do
with
this.
6.
I
have
no
idea
what
we
can
do
with
these
waste
materials
in
the
future.
7.
The
flight
was
put
off
on
account
of
bad
weather,
so
I
had
no
choice
but
to
wait
at
the
airport.
8.
Presently,
a
minority(minor)
of
the
students
at
this
school
cheats
during
exams.
9.
More
than
one
student
has
passed
(pass)
the
examination
up
to
now.
?
10
He
is
proud
of
his
ability
to
remember
things
accurately(accurate).
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
The
teacher,
along
with
all
his
students,
is
going
to
have
a
picnic
this
weekend.
?
老师打算这个周末与所有学生一起去野餐。
2.
Anne
raised
her
voice
in
order
to
be
heard.
?
为了让他人能听得见,
安妮提高了嗓门。
3.
Neither
you
nor
he
knows
the
answer.
?
你和他都不知道答案。
4.
She
came
up
with
a
new
suggestion
to
solve
the
problem
as
well.
?
她也提出了一种解决这个问题的新建议。
5.
I
have
no
idea
why
he
refused
to
discuss
these
things
further.
?
我不知道他为什么拒绝进一步讨论这些事。
6.
Apart
from
caring
for
her
children,
she
has
to
take
on
some
heavy
time-consuming
housework.
?
除了照顾孩子,
她还要承担一些耗费大量时间的家务。
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2020·济南高一检测)
Every
year,
over
7.
72
trillion
kilograms
of
plastic
is
washed
into
the
oceans.
There
are
five
huge
areas
in
the
world’s
oceans
that
are
a
“soup”
of
floating
rubbish.
One
of
these
areas,
the
Great
Pacific
Garbage
Patch
(GPGP),
is
three
times
as
large
as
France.
Over
a
year
ago,
a
group
called
Ocean
Cleanup
began
using
a
huge
floating
screen
to
try
to
clean
up
plastic
pollution
in
the
ocean.
After
several
failures,
the
group
is
now
collecting
plastic
in
the
Great
Pacific
Garbage
Patch.
But
the
plastic
is
spreading
out
over
a
large
area,
so
it’s
impossible
to
collect
it
piece
by
piece.
So,
the
Ocean
Cleanup
had
a
plan.
They
got
a
long
floating
U-shaped
tube
with
a
screen
hanging
below
it.
As
the
tube
and
screen
are
pushed
by
the
water
and
the
winds,
the
U
is
meant
to
collect
plastic
rubbish,
making
it
easy
for
a
ship
to
collect
and
remove
the
plastic.
The
system
uses
the
power
of
the
wind
and
ocean,
so
it
doesn’t
need
fuel.
The
group
began
testing
the
first
version,
called
“System
001”,
last
September.
But
it
soon
became
clear
that
the
screen
was
just
moving
with
the
plastic,
not
collecting
it.
Sometimes
plastic
would
wash
over
the
top
of
the
tube.
Even
worse,
System
001
got
broken
by
surging
seas
and
had
to
be
towed
to
Hawaii
for
repairs.
But
Mr
Slat,
who
got
the
idea
for
the
Ocean
Cleanup
system,
sees
the
project
as
an
experiment,
which
means
a
failure
is
a
chance
to
learn.
The
team
collected
and
studied
lots
of
information
about
what
worked
well
and
what
didn’t.
Then
they
changed
the
design.
In
June,
an
improved
version,
called
“System
001/B”
was
towed
back
to
the
GPGP.
The
new
version
has
a
parachute
(降落伞)
attached
to
it.
This
makes
the
system
move
slightly
slower
than
the
plastic,
allowing
the
plastic
to
be
collected
inside,
as
planned.
But
this
success
is
still
just
the
beginning
of
the
work
of
the
Ocean
Cleanup.
They
want
a
better
and
larger
system.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了每年有大量塑料垃圾被冲入海洋并漂浮在海面上,
一个叫Ocean
Cleanup的团队研制出了收集塑料垃圾的工具并不断地进行完善。
1.
What
does
the
author
want
to
show
in
Paragraph
1?
A.
Humans
should
try
to
prevent
plastic
waste.
B.
The
GPGP
is
facing
different
kinds
of
pollution.
C.
Plastic
pollution
in
the
oceans
has
become
a
serious
problem.
D.
A
series
of
problems
has
been
caused
by
plastic
pollution.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段可知每年有超过7.
72万亿千克的塑料被冲进海洋。世界上有五个巨大的海洋区域是漂浮垃圾的“汤”。其中的大太平洋垃圾带(GPGP)的面积是法国的三倍。由此可推知,
在第一段中,
作者通过列数字的方式是想表达海洋中的塑料污染已经成为一个严重的问题。故选C。
2.
What
was
the
group’s
plan?
A.
To
make
use
of
the
water
and
the
winds.
B.
To
create
a
ship
to
collect
waste
in
the
oceans.
C.
To
collect
the
floating
plastic
waste
piece
by
piece.
D.
To
gather
up
the
floating
plastic
waste
in
the
oceans.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段可知一年多前,
一个名为海洋清理的组织开始使用一个巨大的浮动屏来清理海洋中的塑料污染。经过几次失败后,
该组织现在正在大太平洋垃圾带收集塑料。由此可知,
这个团体的计划是收集海洋中漂浮的塑料垃圾。故选D。
3.
What
can
we
know
about
the
“System
001”?
A.
It
was
a
failure.
B.
It
was
a
great
success.
C.
It
worked
with
a
parachute.
D.
It
needed
to
be
fueled
regularly.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段可知,
这块屏只是随着塑料的移动而移动,
而不能收集垃圾。有时塑料会从管子的顶部冲洗出来。更糟糕的是,
System
001被汹涌的海浪打破,
不得不被拖到夏威夷进行维修,
以及由第四段可知,
产生海洋清理系统想法的Slat认为,
这个项目是一个实验,
也就是说,
失败是一个学习的机会。由此可知,
System
001失败了。故选A。
4.
What
does
the
underlined
word
mean
in
Paragraph
3?
A.
Vast.
B.
Rough.
C.
Calm.
D.
Peaceful.
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据上文Even
worse,
System
001
got
broken(更糟糕的是,
系统001被汹涌的海浪打破)可知,
画线单词意思为“汹涌的,
猛烈的”。故选B。
B
Foldable
future
has
arrived
Tablets
are
really
useful
devices,
but
their
big
screens
always
make
them
as
a
burden
to
carry
around
without
a
bag.
Wouldn’t
it
be
great
if
there
were
a
phone
with
the
powers
of
a
tablet
that
could
be
folded
up
and
fit
into
the
hand?
Now
something
like
a
tablet-shaped
but
foldable
phone
is
about
to
show
up.
In
February,
Republic
of
Korean
electronics
company
Samsung
and
China’s
Huawei
both
produced
foldable
phones,
The
Galaxy
Fold
and
Huawei
Mate
X.
Mobile
phone
use
has
entered
the
“foldable
future”,
The
Verge
said.
The
technology
could
change
our
lives
in
meaningful
ways.
These
devices,
because
of
their
bendable
screens,
give
us
the
larger
screens
we
want.
Meanwhile,
they
still
fit
easily
into
the
pocket.
The
technology
could
change
other
devices
too.
For
example,
we
could
make
TVs
that
stick
to
walls
like
posters,
or
fold
up
easily
to
hide
away
in
drawers.
In
crowded
modern
cities,
they
will
help
us
to
make
full
use
of
space.
In
a
speech,
Samsung’s
senior
vice
president
of
mobile
product
marketing,
Justin
Denison,
called
the
foldable
screen
“the
base
for
the
smartphone
of
tomorrow”.
“It’s
a
white
paper
for
us
to
do
something
beautiful
together,
”
he
said.
According
to
tech
news
website
Android
Authority,
the
necessary
parts
of
foldable
phones
were
difficult
to
produce.
In
2012,
nine
out
of
every
10
OLED
screens
produced
were
not
perfect.
Today,
that
10
percent
rate
has
been
improved
to
between
50
and
90
percent.
However,
at
present
these
foldable
devices
are
expensive.
For
example,
the
price
of
Huawei
Mate
X
is
17,
500
RMB.
That’s
a
price
that
few
people
will
be
able
to
afford.
But
if
the
foldable
device
isn’t
going
to
change
the
world
overnight,
there
is
no
doubt
that
it
is
coming.
Patrick
Moorhead,
an
industry
analyst
told
The
Verge,
“Few
are
debating
if
foldable
mobile
screens
are
the
future
of
smartphones;
the
only
question
is
when
and
by
whom.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了可折叠手机时代即将到来。
5.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
Paragraphs
3
and
4?
A.
Possible
advantages
of
the
foldable
screens.
B.
Where
the
idea
of
foldable
screens
came
from.
C.
Popular
foldable
screen
devices
on
the
market.
D.
People’s
words
on
the
foldable
screen.
【解析】选A。段落大意题。由第三段第一句The
technology
could
change
our
lives
in
meaningful
ways.
(科技可以以有意义的方式改变我们的生活)和第四段第一句The
technology
could
change
other
devices
too.
(这项技术也可以改变其他设备)可知,
三、四两段主要讲述了可折叠屏幕可能存在的优点。故选A项。
6.
What
can
we
learn
from
Denison’s
words?
A.
The
Galaxy
Fold
still
has
many
problems.
B.
The
foldable
screen
has
bright
future.
C.
The
production
of
foldable
phones
will
soon
increase.
D.
Companies
need
to
work
together
to
develop
foldable
phones.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第五段的In
a
speech.
.
.
Justin
Denison,
called
the
foldable
screen
“the
base
for
the
smartphone
of
tomorrow”.
“It’s
a
white
paper
for
us
to
do
something
beautiful
together,
”
he
said.
(Justin
Denison……在一次演讲中称,
可折叠屏幕是“未来智能手机的基础”。“这是一份白皮书,
让我们一起做一些美好的事情,
”他说。)可推断出,
可折叠屏幕会有光明的未来。故选B项。
7.
Which
statement
is
TRUE
about
the
problem
of
foldable
phones
now?
A.
90
percent
of
their
screens
are
not
perfect.
B.
Their
screens
are
difficult
to
produce.
C.
They
are
too
expensive
for
most
families.
D.
They
are
not
as
useful
as
thought.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由倒数第二段的However,
at
present
these
foldable
devices
are
expensive.
For
example,
the
price
of
Huawei
Mate
X
is
17,
500
RMB.
That’s
a
price
that
few
people
will
be
able
to
afford.
(然而,
目前这些可折叠装置价格昂贵。例如,
华为Mate
X的价格是人民币17
500元。这个价格很少有人能负担得起。)可知,
可折叠产品价格昂贵,
很少人负担得起。故选C项。
8.
What
is
the
author’s
attitude
toward
the
future
of
the
foldable
screen?
A.
Positive.
B.
Unconcerned.
C.
Worried.
D.
Cautious.
【解析】选A。观点态度题。由最后一段第一句But
if
the
foldable
device
isn’t
going
to
change
the
world
overnight,
there
is
no
doubt
that
it
is
coming.
(但如果这个可折叠装置不会一夜之间改变世界,
那也毫无疑问,
总有一天这会到来)可知,
作者对可折叠产品持有积极态度。故选A项。
Ⅱ.
阅读填句
Americans
spend
a
lot
of
money
in
their
daily
lives.
Working
people
spend
money
on
transportation
to
and
from
work
and
on
various
expenses
throughout
the
day.
Americans
enjoy
shopping
and
buy
many
things
that
they
need
and
want.
1
They
buy
sports
equipment,
go
to
the
movies
and
do
many
things
that
cost
money.
?
However,
many
Americans
don’t
pay
cash
or
write
checks
for
these
things.
2
Credit
cards
are
small,
rectangular
plastic
cards.
It
is
very
convenient
to
carry
them
about.
?
3
When
the
customer
buys
something
at
a
store,
he
shows
his
card
at
the
store.
This
permits
the
store
to
charge
the
bank
for
the
customer’s
purchase.
The
bank
collects
all
the
charges
for
each
customer.
Then
once
a
month
the
bank
requires
the
customer
to
pay
the
charges
for
that
month.
4
It
allows
the
customer
to
pay
for
the
charges
in
several
payments
over
a
period
of
time.
?
However,
the
bank
requires
the
customer
to
pay
interest(利息)on
the
unpaid
part
of
the
charges.
In
this
way
the
bank
allows
customers
to
buy
things
they
cannot
afford
at
one
time.
People
can
use
the
card
to
buy
what
they
want
and
pay
for
it
over
a
period
of
time.
5 ?
A.
It
brings
great
benefits
to
the
rich.
B.
Banks
give
these
cards
to
their
customers.
C.
They
spend
a
lot
of
money
on
entertainment.
D.
They
also
do
not
need
to
carry
a
lot
of
money.
E.
People
may
spend
less
money
in
this
way.
F.
More
and
more
Americans
pay
for
things
with
credit
cards.
G.
The
bank
does
not
force
the
customer
to
pay
the
full
amount.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要叙述美国人喜欢购物且喜欢用信用卡支付,
以及说明信用卡的特点。
1.
【解析】选C。根据后句They
buy
sports
equipment,
go
to
the
movies
and
do
many
things
that
cost
money.
“他们买一些运动设备、去看电影和做许多花钱的事情。”可知,
他们花很多钱在休闲娱乐上面。故选C。
2.
【解析】选F。根据后句Credit
cards
are
small,
rectangular
plastic
cards.
对信用卡进行解释的提示可知,
越来越多的美国人选择用信用卡付款。故选F。
3.
【解析】选B。根据后句When
the
customer
buys
something
at
a
store,
he
shows
his
card
at
the
store.
“当顾客在商店买东西的时候,
他出示他的信用卡。”可知,
银行首先把信用卡给客户符合语境。故选B。
4.
【解析】选G。根据前句Then
once
a
month
the
bank
requires
the
customer
to
pay
the
charges
for
that
month.
和后句It
allows
the
customer
to
pay
for
the
charges
in
several
payments
over
a
period
of
time.
提示可知,
银行并不强制客户全额付款,
客户只要在一段时间内偿还所有金额即可。故选G。
5.
【解析】选D。根据前两句In
this
way
the
bank
allows
customers
to
buy
things
they
cannot
afford
at
one
time.
People
can
use
the
card
to
buy
what
they
want
and
pay
for
it
over
a
period
of
time.
可知,
人们可以使用这种卡购买他们想要的东西,
还可以在一段时间内慢慢支付,
由此可知,
D项“他们也不需要带大量的现金。”符合语境。故选D。
阅读理解
They
say
music
is
universal,
and
it
seems
to
be
true
since
wherever
we
go,
we
see
people
listening,
playing
or
dancing
to
it.
We
tend
to
think
that
music
is
larger
than
our
cultural
differences
and
shows
the
deeper
connections
between
us.
But
according
to
a
recent
study
published
in
the
journal
Current
Biology,
music
doesn’t
speak
to
everyone.
There
is
a
condition,
the
researchers
argue,
called
“musical
anhedonia”.
They
say
that
those
who
have
this
condition
lack
the
ability
to
experience
pleasure
from
music.
For
the
study,
30
people
listened
to
the
same,
mostly
classical
music
pieces.
They
were
then
asked
to
complete
a
questionnaire
on
how
they
felt
about
the
music.
At
the
same
time,
the
researchers
measured
their
heart
rate
and
skin
reaction,
which
are
considered
physiological
measures
of
emotion.
According
to
the
researchers,
most
of
the
people
in
the
study
got
pleasure
from
the
music.
They
had
a
quicker
heartbeat
and
sweated
more.
However,
a
small
number
had
very
little
and
even
no
pleasant
feeling
while
they
listened.
These
people
had
none
or
very
few
of
the
physical
signs
the
others
in
the
study
experienced.
The
researchers
say
that
this
means
people
have
different
abilities
to
enjoy
music
and
that
“there
are
people
who
specifically
can’t
enjoy
music
at
all”,
study
author
Josep
Marco-Pallres
of
the
University
of
Barcelona
in
Spain
told
Live
Science.
To
study
the
condition
further,
another
group
of
scientists,
at
Columbia
University,
US,
researched
brain
activities.
They
found
that
the
key
is
the
blood
flow
to
the
reward
system
in
the
brain.
“People
who
got
less
pleasure
from
music
had
lower
blood
flow
to
areas
involved
in
the
reward
system
of
the
brain
when
listening
to
music,
”
reported
the
Daily
Mail.
The
lower
blood
flow
makes
it
more
likely
that
the
brain’s
“reward
system”
will
not
be
active.
Thus,
it
will
produce
less
of
the
“pleasure
chemical”
dopamine.
As
a
result,
people
get
less
pleasure
from
music.
If
the
research
is
correct,
according
to
National
Public
Radio,
there
are
simply
people
who
just
don’t
get
music.
They
may
get
pleasure
from
many
things,
but
a
good
song
isn’t
one
of
them.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究显示音乐快感缺失的人不能从音乐中体会快感,
并介绍了研究原因和过程。
1.
What
do
we
know
about
people
with
musical
anhedonia?
A.
They
usually
avoid
listening
to
music.
B.
They
like
to
listen
to
certain
types
of
music.
C.
They
believe
cultural
differences
are
larger
than
music.
D.
They
can’t
feel
the
pleasure
that
music
brings
to
others.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“他们说那些有这种情况的人缺乏从音乐那里体验快感的能力。”可知,
音乐快感缺失的人不能感受到音乐所带来的快乐。结合选项可知,
选项D正确。
2.
What
was
the
purpose
of
the
study?
A.
To
learn
how
music
influences
people’s
emotions.
B.
To
understand
the
relationship
between
music
and
the
body.
C.
To
learn
what
music
people
love
the
most.
D.
To
see
whether
music
works
in
the
same
way
for
all
people.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。由第二段的第一句“但是根据一项最近发表在《现代生物学》杂志上的研究,
音乐并不是对每个人都适合。”及第五段“研究人员说这意味着人们有不同的能力享受音乐,
并且尤其是有一些人根本不能享受音乐。”可知,
这项研究的目的是研究音乐对每个人是否一样。结合选项可知,
选项D正确。
3.
What
happened
to
the
participants
when
they
listened
to
music?
A.
Those
who
enjoyed
music
had
more
dopamine
produced.
B.
Those
who
enjoyed
music
had
slower
blood
flow.
C.
All
of
them
had
faster
heartbeat
and
sweated
more.
D.
They
showed
different
physical
signs
as
the
music
changed.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第八段后两句“所以,
它会产生更少的“快乐化学物质”多巴胺。结果是人们从音乐那里获取更少的快乐。”可判断出,
当人们听音乐的时候,
多巴胺产生得越多,
人们从音乐那里获取的快乐越多。结合选项可知,
选项A正确。
4.
Which
is
the
best
title
of
this
passage?
A.
How
people
get
pleasure
from
music?
B.
Why
music
isn’t
for
everyone?
C.
What
brain
produces
with
music?
D.
A
new
research
of
listening.
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。由全文内容可知,
文章是在讲述音乐并不是每个人都适合,
有些人就无法享受音乐的快乐以及导致其这样的原因。所以短文的最佳标题为《为什么音乐不适合每个人》。选项B正确。
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