阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The
wildfires
in
Australia
became
considerably
worse
in
January,
2020.
The
disaster
faced
by
__36__
country
is
far
from
over.
Many
of
the
fires
__37__(send)
smoke
high
into
the
atmosphere
and
some
smoke
turned
into
pyrocumulonimbus
clouds.
The
clouds
can
help
a
fire
draw
in
more
air
and
shift
surface
winds,
__38__(result)
in
fire
tornadoes(龙卷风).
Fires
have
destroyed
habitats
for
animals
that
__39__(find)
only
in
Australia,
including
koalas
and
rare
birds.
It
will
take
time
to
fully
know
how
much
harm
the
fires
have
done
__40__
wildlife.
The
wildfires
are
expected
__41__(continue)
burning
for
months
as
Australia
entered
its
dry
season.
This
past
year,
2019,
is
the
hottest
and
driest
year
on
record.
Fires
happen
__42__(regular)
during
the
Australian
dry
season.
However,
climate
and
natural
changes
are
making
the
situation
__43__(bad).
At
least
12
million
acres
have
been
burned
so
far
in
Victoria
and
New
South
Wales
alone.
Smoke
from
the
fires
has
made
__44__
to
South
America.
There
is
so
much
smoke
that
it
may
stay
in
the
air
for
months,
__45__
could
have
a
small
effect
on
the
planet’s
climate.
【答案】36.
the
37.
sent
38.
resulting
39.
are
found
40.
to
41.
to
continue
42.
regularly
43.
worse
it
45.
which
语言知识初探
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
injure
vt.（尤指在事故中）伤害，使受伤→injury
n.
[C,U]
伤害，损害→injured
adj.
受伤的，受损害的
reaction
n.
[C,
U]
反应，回应→react
vi.
回应，（对……）做出反应
confirm
vt.
证实，证明，确认；使确信→confirmation
n.
[U,
C]
证实；确认书，证明书
occur
vi.
发生，出现；（想法、主意在某人脑海中）突然出现→occurrence
n.
发生，出现；发生的事，事件
approach
vt.
&
vi.（在距离或时间上）靠近，接近；vt.
处理，解决→approaching
adj.
即将到来的
relief
n.
轻松，宽慰；减轻，消除→relieve
vt.
减轻，缓和；解除（职务）→relieved
adj.
感到欣慰的
inform
vt.
通知，使知晓→informed
adj.
了解情况的；见多识广的
根据提示补全下列短语
crash
into
...
冲上，撞上……
roll
call
点名
safe
and
sound
安然无恙的
at
large
总共；在逃
in
an
orderly
line
有序地排成一排
earthquake
safety
procedures
地震安全演练
be
a
signal
of
...
是……的信号
keep
one’s
head
保持冷静
to
one’s
great
relief
令某人大为欣慰的是
be
cleared
of
...
清除……
in
the
face
of
...
面对……
重点知识点解析
hit
vt.
&
vi.
打击，侵袭；对……产生不良影响，损害
(教材P16)
We
cannot
prevent
natural
disasters,
but
is
there
anything
we
can
do
when
they
hit?
我们不能阻止自然灾害的发生，但是当它们袭来时，我们可以做什么呢？
如：Rural
areas
have
been
worst
hit
by
the
strike.
这次罢工对农村地区的打击最沉重。
The
area
was
hit
by
the
floods.
这一地区遭到洪水袭击。
n.
The
airline
industry
took
a
hit
last
year.
去年航空业受到了沉重打击。
【归纳拓展】hit其他用法：
n．受欢迎的人（或事物），风行一时的流行歌曲（或唱片）；（在计算机或互联网上搜索的）查询结果
如：The
film
was
a
massive
hit
at
the
box?office.
这部电影极为卖座。
The
car
proved
an
instant
hit
in
China.
这种轿车在中国迅速走红。
They
played
a
lot
of
old
hits
from
the
80s
and
90s.
他们演奏了许多80年代和90年代流行的老歌。
The
band
has
hit
(it)
big很成功
in
the
US.
乐队在美国一炮打响。
Do
you
know
the
word
kiasu?
If
not,
then
be
kiasu
and
google
it.
You’ll
get
more
than
a
million
hits.
vt.（用手或器具）击，打；碰撞，撞击（造成损伤）；使突然想起
如：She
hit
him
on
the
head
with
her
umbrella.
她用伞敲他的头。
The
bus
hit
the
bridge.
公交车撞到了桥上。
It
hit
me
that
I
had
a
choice.
我突然意识到我有选择的余地。
→vt.
使突然想起
常用结构
Sth.
hit(s)
sb./
It
hit(s)
sb.
that
...
某人突然想起……
injure
vt.（尤指在事故中）伤害，使受伤；损害，伤害（名誉、自尊等）
(教材P16)
Only
5
students
suffered
slight
injuries,
despite
the
current
figures
of
7
killed
and
over
200
injured
in
the
disaster
area
at
large整个，全部.
尽管目前灾区总体的伤亡情况是7人死亡，200多人受伤，但（在这所学校）只有5名学生受了轻伤。
如：Three
people
were
killed
and
five
injured
in
the
crash.撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。
This
could
seriously
injure/damage
the
company's
reputation.
这会严重损害公司的声誉。
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
injury
n.
[C,U]
伤害，损害
如：There
were
no
injuries
(=no
people
injured)
in
the
crash.
撞车事故中无人受伤。
（2）injured
adj.
受伤的，受损害的
常见搭配
get
injured/hurt
受伤
the
injured
伤员（作主语时，谓语动词常用复数）
如：The
injured
in
the
earthquake
were
sent(send)
to
the
nearest
hospital
yesterday.
reaction
n.
[C,
U]
反应，回应
(教材P16)
Her
students’
reaction
was
quick
and
correct--they
moved
under
their
desks,
head
first,
and
held
on
to
the
legs
of
the
desks.
她的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们头朝里，爬到课桌下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。
【用法详解】in
reaction
to
sth.
对某事作出回应
reaction
to
sb./sth.
对……的反应
如：A
spokesman
said
the
changes
were
not
in
reaction
to
the
company's
recent
losses.
一位发言人说，这些变动不是针对公司最近的损失而作出的反应。
What
was
his
reaction
to
the
news?
他对这消息有何反应？
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
react
vi.
回应，（对……）做出反应；（对食物等）有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应
常见搭配
react
to
sth.
(by
doing
sth.)
（通过做……）对……作出反应
react
against
...
反对……，反抗……
react
with
sth.
与……发生化学反应
如：Iron
reacts
with
water
and
air
to
produce
rust.
铁和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。
People
can
react
badly
to
certain
food
additives.
人们对某些食品添加剂会严重过敏。
in
case
以防（发生某事）；如果，假使；以防万一
(教材P16)
At
the
same
time,
Miss
Brown
quickly
opened
the
classroom
door,
in
case
it
became
damaged
during
the
shaking
and
could
not
open.
与此同时，布朗女士迅速打开教室的门，以防它在晃动中损坏而无法打开。
【用法详解】in
case意为“以防（发生某事）；如果，假使；以防万一”，可引导从句，也可单独使用。常见用法如下：
用作连词，表示目的，意为“以防（发生某事）”；
用作连词，表示条件，意为“如果，假使”；
用作副词性短语，在句中作状语，可单独使用，意为“以防万一”。
如：I'll
stay
around
in
case
you
need
me.
我就待在这儿，也许你用得着我。（表目的）
In
case
you
should
need
any
help,
here's
my
number.
万一你需要帮助的话，这是我的电话号码。（表条件）
I
have
also
taken
out
a
life
insurance
policy
on
him
just
in
case.
为防万一，我还给他买了一份人寿保险。
【归纳拓展】与case相关的其他短语：
in
case
of
...
如果，假使（发生某事）
in
any
case
无论如何，不管怎样
in
that
case
如果是那样的话
as
is
often
the
case
这是常有的事
in
no
case
决不（置于句首，句子用部分倒装）=in/under
no
circumstances，at
no
time，by
no
means，in
no
way，on
no
account，on
no
condition
如：There's
no
point
complaining
now--we're
leaving
tomorrow
in
any
case=anyway.
现在抱怨毫无意义，不管怎样我们明天都要离开。
In
case
of
fire,
ring
the
alarm
bell.
如遇火警，即按警铃。
Perhaps
you've
some
doubts
about
the
attack.
In
that
case,
it
may
interest
you
to
know
that
Miss
Woods
witnessed
it.
你也许对这起袭击还有些怀疑。那么如果我告诉你伍兹小姐亲眼目睹了这起事件，你可能会感兴趣。
【即时巩固】翻译句子
为了防止有人跟踪我，我特地绕了弯路。
In
case
anyone
was
following
me,
I
made
an
elaborate
detour...
你决不能在图书馆大声喧哗。
In
no
case
will
you
make
any
noise
in
the
library.
他又迟到了，他常常这样。
He
was
late
for
school,
as
is
often
the
case.
signal
(-signaled-signaled)
vi.
&
vt.
发信号，发暗号，示意；vt.
标志，表明，预示
n.
[C]
信号，暗号；预示；信号灯
(教材P16)
She
signalled
to
her
students
to
exit
the
classroom
in
an
orderly
line
with
their
hands
on
their
heads.
她示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。
【用法详解】signal
(to)
sb.
to
do
sth.
示意某人做某事
如：He
signalled
to
the
waiter
for
the
bill.
他示意服务员结账。
He
signalled
(to)
us
to
join
him.
他示意要我们去他那儿。
The
scandal
surely
signals
the
end
of
his
political
career.
毫无疑问，这桩丑闻预示他的政治生涯就此结束。
a
danger/warning/distress
etc.
signal
危险、警告、求救等信号
【即时巩固】翻译句子
An
afternoon
nap
(午睡)
is
one
of
the
joys
of
life,
although
too
much
napping
could
signal
all
is
not
well.（2021·徐州一模）
午后小憩可谓人生的一大乐趣，但瞌睡过多可能表明瞌睡者身体有恙。
confirm
vt.
证实，证明，确认；使确信
(教材P16)
After
a
roll
call
confirmed
that
all
were
safe
and
sound,
they
relaxed,
laughing,
crying
and
hugging
each
other.
点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑着，哭着，互相拥抱着。
【用法详解】It
is/has
been
confirmed
that
...
已证实……
confirm
one’s
belief/determination
坚定某人的信念/决心
confirm
sb.
in
sth.
使某人确信某事
如：It
has
been
confirmed
that
the
meeting
will
take
place
next
week.
已经确定会议将于下个星期召开。
His
guilty
expression
confirmed
my
suspicions.
他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑。
Then
one
day
his
worst
fears
were
confirmed.
后来有一天，他最担心的事终于发生了。
It
has
confirmed
me
in
my
decision
not
to
give
up
my
studies.
这使我更加坚定了不要放弃学习的决心。
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
confirmation
n.
[U,
C]
证实；确认书，证明书
【即时巩固】翻译句子和单句语法填空
当被问及时，她确定未经允许学生不应该接近湖边。（approach）
When
asked,
she
confirmed
that
students
shouldn’t
approach
the
lake
without
permission.
His
words
confirmed
me
in
my
belief
that
our
cause
was
valuable.
occur
vi.
[无被动或进行时]
发生，出现；（想法、主意在某人脑海中）突然出现
approach
vt.
&
vi.（在距离或时间上）靠近，接近；vt.
处理，解决
n.
方式，方法；道路
(教材P17)
It
immediately
occurred
to
her
that
these
were
signs
of
an
approaching
tsunami.
她立刻意识到这是海啸来临的征兆。
【用法详解】(1)
occur
(-occurred-occurred-occurring)
的用法：
sth.
occurs
to
sb.
（主意或想法等）浮现于某人脑海中
It
occurs/occurred
to
sb.
that
...
某人想到……it做形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句，且that不能省略
如：Something
unexpected
occurred/happened.
发生了一件出乎意料的事。
Sugar
occurs
naturally
in
fruit.
水果天然含糖分。（-exist
in
存在于，含有）
The
idea
occurred
to
him
in
a
dream.
这个主意是他在梦中想到的。
It
occurred
to
me
that
I
could
have
the
book
sent
to
me.
我想到可以让人把书寄给我。
易混辨析
occurvi.,
happenvi.,
break
outvi.,
take
placevi.
(1)occur与happen均为不及物动词，意思相近，表示“碰巧；（偶然地）发生”，常含有偶然或突发的意味；occur还可表示“（想法、主意在某人脑海中）突然出现”。二者都没有被动形式，但happen可用于进行时。
(2)break
out为不及物动词短语，多指战争、火灾、疾病或疫情等“突然爆发”。
(3)take
place为不及物动词短语，意为“发生，举行”，多指某事或某活动按计划发生或举行，没有“偶然”的意味。
词性转换
occurrence
n.
发生，出现；发生的事，事件
【用法详解】(2)
approach
vt.
&
vi.（在距离或时间上）靠近，接近；vt.
处理，解决
n.
方式，方法；道路
常见搭配
an
approach
to
...
解决某问题的方法；通往某地点的路径
如：As
we
approached
the
largest
rapid急流
on
the
river
I
could
feel
my
heart
beating
fast.
走近，靠近
I
approached
to
greet
him.
我走上前去，和他打招呼。
The
author
thinks
society
should
approach
cloning
with
caution.
处理（-deal
with,
handle）
They
took
a
more
reasonable
approach,
conveying
to
their
children
how
success
at
school
could
improve
their
lives.
他们采取了一个更合理的方法——向他们的孩子传达在学校的成功能提高他们的生活质量。
词性转换
approaching
adj.
即将到来的（-coming）
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
A
good
idea
occurs
to
me.
Absorbing
himself
in
painting,
John
didn’t
notice
evening
approaching(approach).
All
the
approaches
to
the
palace
were
guarded
by
troops.
通往宫殿的所有道路都有军队守卫。
relief
n.
轻松，宽慰；（焦虑、痛苦等的）减轻，消除
(教材P17)
To
her
great
relief,
the
officer
immediately
realized
the
coming
danger.
令她极为欣慰的是，这名官员立即意识到了即将到来的危险。
【用法详解】in/with
relief
欣慰地，放心地
to
one’s
(great)
relief
令某人（深感）欣慰的是
It
is
a
relief
to
do
sth.
做某事时间让人欣慰/轻松的事。
relief
from/of
...
……的减轻/消除
如：a
sense
of
relief
解脱感
We
all
breathed
a
sigh
of
relief
when
he
left.
他走了以后，我们大家都如释重负地松了口气。
She
sighed
with
relief.
她松了口气。
This
brought
considerable
relief
from
the
pain.
这相当大地缓解了疼痛。
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
（1）relieve
vt.
减轻，缓和；解除（职务）
常见搭配
relieve
one’s
pain/pressure
减轻、缓和某人的痛苦/压力
relieve
sb.
of
sth.
减轻某人的负担；解除某人的职务
如：The
new
secretary
will
relieve
us
of
some
of
the
paperwork.
新来的秘书会减轻我们文案工作的一些负担。
General
Beale
was
relieved
of
his
command.
比尔将军被解除了指挥权。
（2）relieved
adj.
感到欣慰的
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
Much
to
my
relief
the
car
was
not
damaged.
The
officer
involved
was
relieved(relieve)
of
his
duties
because
he
had
violated
strict
guidelines.
inform
vt.
通知；了解，熟悉
(教材P17)
Remember
to
inform
yourself
of
what
is
going
on.
记得要让自己对正在发生的事了然于心。
【用法详解】inform
sb.
of/about
sth.
通知某人某事
inform
sb.
that/wh-从句
通知某人……
inform
oneself
of/about
sth.
使某人了解/熟悉某事
如：
Please
inform
us
of
any
changes
of
address.
地址若有变动请随时通知我们。
I
have
been
reliably
informed
that
the
couple
will
marry
next
year.
我得到可靠消息说他们俩明年结婚。
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
informed
adj.
了解情况的；见多识广的
常见搭配
keep
sb.
informed
of
...
使某人了解某事
如：an
informed
choice/decision/guess/opinion
有依据的选择/决定/猜测/看法
Keep
me
informed
of
any
developments.
随时通知我进展情况。
information
un.
信息，消息；情报
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
He
was
informed(inform)
that
his
application
was
rejected.
We
need
time
to
inform
ourselves
thoroughly
of
the
problem.
They
often
get
some
information(inform)
from
the
Internet.
(教材P16)
The
moment
the
shaking
stopped,
Miss
Brown
sensed
it
was
the
best
time
for
the
class
to
make
their
escape.
地震停止的瞬间，布朗女士意识到这是他们逃出教室的好机会。
【句式剖析】本句为主从复合句，逗号前为the
moment引导的时间状语，逗号后为主句。
【考点提炼】the
moment/minute/second/instant
+从句
名词短语the
moment/minute/second/instant可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于as
soon
as，意为“一……就……”。如：
I
recognized
him
the
instant
I
saw
him.
我一眼就认出他来。
【归纳拓展】表示“一……就……”的其他表达：
注意
no
sooner
...
than
...与hardly/scarcely/barely
...
when
...结构中的时态搭配，主句谓语动词使用过去完成时，而than与when引导的从句要用一般过去时。此外，若把no
sooner或hardly/scarcely/barely置于句首，主句要使用部分倒装语序。如：
I
had
hardly
got
home
when
it
began
to
rain.
→Hardly
had
I
got
home
when
it
began
to
rain.
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
We
had
hardly
sat
down
to
supper
when
the
phone
rang.
Hardly
had
she
spoken
than
she
regretted(regret)
it
bitterly.
I
remembered
her
name
immediately(immediate)
she'd
gone.
√小试身手-完成句子
尽管她没有示意，我还是确信她看见了我。（though;
give
no
sign）
Though
she
gave
no
sign,
I
was
sure
she
had
seen
me.
希望他一到我就见到他。
I
want
to
see
him
the
moment
he
arrives.
多带几件衣服，以备身上弄湿了好穿。
Take
some
spare
clothes
in
case
you
get
wet/soaked.
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
A
spokesman
said
the
changes
were
not
in
reaction
to
the
company's
recent
losses.
A
girl
was
killed
yesterday
in
a
crash
involving
a
stolen
car.
It
didn't
occur
to
her
to
ask
for
help.
She
glanced
over
at
James
for
confirmation(confirm).
You'll
be
relieved(relief)
to
know
your
jobs
are
safe.
At
an
agreed
signal(信号)
they
left
the
room.
He
warned
us
of
pickpockets.
My
progress
in
reading
raised
my
curiosity(curious),
and
wanted
to
know
everything.
Hearing
the
shocking(shock)
news,
everyone
present
was
thrown
into
a
panic.
II.
用方框内所给短语的适当形式完成下列句子
break
out
at
large
hold
on
to保住，守住（有利因素）；（过长时间地）保存，保留；坚持（信念）
in
case
the
moment
be
cleared
of
1．Systems
must
also
be
cleared
of
redundant
data.
2．He
remains
at
large
despite
the
high
price
put
on
his
head
by
the
authorities.
3．The
moment
I
get
the
money
I'll
send
the
ticket.
4．Bring
a
map
in
case
you
get
lost.
5．Jane
is
determined
to
hold
on
to
her
fortune.
6．Her
friends
came
to
help
her
when
the
war
broke
out.
III.
完形填空
Years
ago,
I
flew
3,000
miles
across
the
country
to
take
a
new
job
at
a
non-profit
organization.
This
was
a
very
promising
job,
or
so
I
thought.
Before
the
36
,
the
founder(创办者)
of
the
organization
37
to
eventually
promote(升职)
me
to
a
senior
leadership
role,
but
in
the
end
I
was
deeply
38
.
They
hired
someone
else
to
fill
that
39
three
months
after
I
took
the
new
job.
This
40
promise
left
me
hurt,
angry
and
confused
by
the
41
I
had
made.
How
could
this
happen
to
me?
The
promise
of
being
on
the
senior
leadership
team
was
the
main
42
behind
my
decision
to
43
the
job
offer.
As
a
result,
I
moved
my
family
across
the
country
and
couldn’t
44
move
back.
This
was
a
difficult
time
for
me.
While
my
head
sought(寻求)
answers
and
my
heart
45
emotions,
my
wife,
Elba,
gave
me
the
best
46
.
She
said,
“Stay
focused;
stay
faithful.”
This
47
keeping
my
attention
on
the
job
at
hand
and
staying
faithful
to
the
task.
It
wasn’t
easy,
but
these
words
48
my
attitude
and
actions
during
that
time
and
toward
every
challenge
I
have
faced
since.
I
stayed
49
and
faithful
until
a
wonderful
opportunity
opened
at
another
organization.
When
we
face
an
unexpected
50
at
work,
it
can
seem
much
easier
to
slack
off
(懈怠),
get
angry,
blame
others
or
do
foolish
things,
but
these
51
can
be
costly
and
self-destructive(自毁的).
52
bad
with
bad
doesn’t
add
up
to
good.
Good
can
come
from
bad
through
our
53
.
Spiritual
and
personal
54
can
be
drawn
from
hardship(艰难).
The
lessons
I
gained
during
that
time
have
helped
me
55
life’s
ups
and
downs.
36.
A.
projectB.
promotion
C.
interviewD.
move37.
A.
promisedB.
approvedC.
managedD.
arranged38.
A.
afraidB.
ashamedC.
disappointedD.
worried39.
A.
situationB.
positionC.
spaceD.
organization40.
A.
brokenB.
unexpectedC.
secretD.
sincere41.
A.
mistakeB.
offerC.
conclusionD.
decision42.
A.
purposeB.
reasonC.
wishD.
thought43.
A.
discussB.
loseC.
refuseD.
accept44.
A.
easilyB.
quietlyC.
fortunatelyD.
suddenly45.
A.
tolerateB.
expressedC.
hidD.
fought46.
A.
newsB.
adviceC.
exampleD.
praise47.
A.
provedB.
showedC.
meantD.
began48.
A.
guidedB.
testedC.
recordedD.
displayed49.
A.
inspiredB.
relaxedC.
satisfiedD.
focused50.
A.
schedule
B.
turnC.
successD.
danger51.
A.
responsesB.
solutionsC.
complaintsD.
challenges52.
A.
LinkingB.
defendingC.
FightingD.
Training53.
A.
talentsB.
imaginations
C.
exercisesD.
efforts54.
A.
achievementsB.
lessonsC.
giftsD.
lectures55.
A.
get
intoB.
get
throughC.
get
acrossD.
get
back
【答案】36-55
DACBA
DBDAD
BCADB
ACDBB
IV.
七选五阅读
This
Way
to
Dreamland
Daydreaming
means
people
think
about
something
pleasant,
especially
when
this
makes
them
forget
what
they
should
be
doing.
Daydreamers
have
a
bad
reputation
for
being
unaware
of
what’s
happening
around
them.
They
can
seem
forgetful
and
clumsy.
__1__They
annoy
us
because
they
seem
to
be
ignoring
us
and
missing
the
important
things.
But
daydreamers
are
also
responsible
for
some
of
the
greatest
ideas
and
achievements
in
human
history.
__2__
Can
you
imagine
what
kind
of
world
we
would
have
without
such
ideas
and
inventions?
So
how
can
you
come
up
with
brilliant
daydreams
and
avoid
falling
over
tree
roots
or
otherwise
looking
like
a
fool?
First,
understand
that
some
opportunities(机会)
for
daydreaming
are
better
than
others.
Feeling
safe
and
relaxed
will
help
you
to
slip
into
daydreams.
__3__
And
if
you
want
to
improve
your
chances
of
having
a
creative
idea
while
you’re
daydreaming,
try
to
do
it
while
you
are
involved
in
another
task—preferably
something
simple,
like
taking
a
shower
or
walking,
or
even
making
meaningless
drawings.
It’s
also
important
to
know
how
to
avoid
daydreams
for
those
times
when
you
really
need
to
concentrate.
“Mindfulness”,
being
focused,
is
a
tool
that
some
people
use
to
avoid
falling
asleep.
__4__
Finally,
you
never
know
what
wonderful
idea
might
strike
while
your
mind
has
moved
slowly
away.
__5
Always
remember
that
your
best
ideas
might
come
when
your
head
is
actually
in
the
clouds.
A.
Having
interesting
things
to
think
about
also
helps.
B.
They
stare
off
into
space
and
wander
by
themselves.
C.
Without
wandering
minds,
we
wouldn’t
have
relatively,
Coke
or
Post-it
notes.
D.
At
one
time,
daydreaming
was
thought
to
be
a
cause
of
some
mental
illnesses.
E.
It
involves
slow,
steady
breathing
for
self-control
that
helps
people
stay
calm
and
attentive.
F.
Daydreams
are
often
very
simple
and
direct,
quite
unlike
sleep
dreams,
which
may
be
hard
to
understand.
G.
Therefore,
it’s
a
good
idea
to
keep
a
notebook
or
voice
recorder
nearby
when
you’re
in
the
daydream
zone.
【答案】BCEAG
V.
短文填空
People
with
high
self?confidence
1.____________(natural)
have
optimistic
and
joyful
emotions
as
well
as
the
knowledge
that
they
can
change
their
emotions
from
negative
to
positive.
Emotions
2.____________(be)
a
normal
part
of
life.
They
indicate
how
you
feel
about
a
situation
and
any
needed
action.
When
you
have
high
self?respect
and
self?confidence,
you
feel
good
3.____________
life.
You
feel
secure
and
have
an
open
heart
and
a
calm
mind.
The
4.____________(high)
your
level
of
emotional
health
is,
the
more
self?worth
you
will
have.
Even
when
things
go
wrong,
you’re
composed
and
ready
5.____________(deal)
with
the
situation
in
a
constructive
way.
Even
when
you
focus
on
6.____________(carry)
a
positive
attitude
at
all
times,
we
all
know
that
life
can
be
full
of
annoyances—your
dog
7.____________(run)
away,
someone
sideswipes
your
car,
your
plane
is
late,
you
have
to
work
overtime
to
get
a
project
done.
All
of
these
can
cause
a
bad
mood
and
throw
your
emotions
into
a
downward
spiral.
Having
emotional
health
isn’t
difficult,
but
8.____________
does
take
focus
and
concentration.
Be
aware
of
9.____________
your
feeling
is
and
direct
your
emotions
into
something
more
optimistic.
Your
self?confidence
will
10.____________(strength)
at
the
same
time.
【答案】1．naturally
2．are 3．about 4．higher 5．to
deal 6．carrying 7．runs 8．it
9．what 10．strengthen
单元单词默写
____________
/?ka?nti/
n.
郡，县
(16)
____________
/??nd??(r)/
vt.
伤害，使受伤；损害
(16)
____________
/d??zɑ?st?(r)/
n.
灾难，灾害；彻底
失败
(16)
____________
整个，全部
(16)
____________
/ri??k?n/
n.
反应，回应；抗拒；
化学反应
(16)
____________
/kr??/
n.
碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃
vi.
&
vt.
碰撞，撞击；崩溃
(16)
____________
/?s?ɡn?l/
vi.
&
vt.
发信号，示意；标志
n.
信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
(16)
____________
/?eks?t;
?egz?t/
vt.
&
vi.
出去，离去，退场；退出
n.
出口，通道；离开
(16)
____________
/???d?li/
adj.
有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的
(16)
____________
/ste?(r)/
n.
楼梯；梯级
(16)
____________
/r??l/
n.
名单；卷；一管；翻滚
vi.
&
vt.
翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起
(16)
→____________
点名
(16)
____________
/k?n?f??m/
vt.
证实，确认；使确信；
批准
(16)
____________
安然无恙的
(16)
____________
/h?ɡ/
vt.
拥抱，搂抱；抱紧
(16)
____________
/pr??si?d??(r)/
n.
程序，步骤，手续
(16)
____________
/tsu??nɑ?mi/
n.
海啸
(17)
____________
/?d/
adj.
奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的
(17)
____________
/?b?bl/
n.
泡沫，泡，气泡
(17)
____________
/??k??(r)/
vi.
发生，出现；存在于
(17)
→____________
被想到，浮现在脑中
(17)
____________
（在困境中）保持冷静
(17)
____________
/r??li?f/
n.
宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；
救济
(17)
____________
/ta??fu?n/
n.
台风
(19)
____________
/d??str?kt?v/
adj.
引起破坏（或毁灭）的，破坏（或毁灭性）的
(19)
____________/p??l/
n.
柱，杆；极
(19)
25.
____________
/?n?f??m/
vt.
了解，熟悉；通知
(19)
county
injure
disaster
at
large
reaction
crash
signal
exit
orderly
stair
roll
roll
call
confirm
safe
and
sound
hug
procedure
tsunami
odd
bubble
occur
occur
to
keep
one’s
head
relief
typhoon
destructive
pole
inform◎课文语法填空
根据教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(1)
In
spite
of
7
killed
and
over
200
injured
in
an
earthquake,
476
students
and
36
teachers
at
Falmont
Primary
School
1._______(escape)
the
disaster.
Only
5
students
suffered
slight
injuries.
The
head
teacher
2._______(name)
Alice
Brown
was
teaching
when
the
floor
began
to
shake.
Her
students’
3._______(react)
was
quick
and
correct.
Miss
Brown
4._______(quick)
opened
the
classroom
door
5._______
might
be
damaged
6._______
case
it
could
not
open.
The
moment
7._______
shaking
stopped,
Miss
Brown
sensed
it
was
the
best
time
for
the
class
to
make
their
escape.
She
signalled
to
her
students
to
exit
the
classroom
in
an
8._______(order)
line.
After
a
roll
call
confirmed
that
all
were
safe
and
sound,
they
relaxed,
9._______(laugh),
crying
and
hugging
each
other.
The
earthquake
safety
procedures
10._______(practise)
twice
year,
so
the
kids
were
calm
enough
to
protect
themselves
during
the
earthquake.
(Ⅱ)
Although
a
series
of
huge
waves
1._______(cause)
by
an
undersea
earthquake
left
thousands
2._______(die),
a
10-year-old
girl
named
Sabrina
Andron
helped
around
100
people
escape
danger
with
her
basic
knowledge
of
tsunamis.
While
people
3._______(
enjoy)
the
warm
sea
air
and
the
soft
wind
on
the
sandy
beach,
Sabrina
noticed
something
odd.
She
said
that
the
water
looked
like
the
bubbles
on
the
top
of
a
beer.
She
had
just
learnt
about
tsunamis
in
Geography
lesson,
and
it
immediately
occurred
5._______
her
that
these
were
signs
of
an
6._______(approach)
tsunami.
Although
frightened,
she
kept
her
head
7._______
warned
her
parents
of
the
danger,
insisting
that
they
talk
to
a
safety
officer.
Much
to
her
8._______(relieve),
the
officer
realized
the
coming
danger
9._______(immediate)
and
the
beach
10._______(clear)
of
people
soon,
just
before
the
huge
waves
crashed
into
the
coast.
【答案】(1)1.
escaped
2.
named
3.
reaction
4.
quickly
5.
that/which
6.
in
7.
the
8.
orderly
9.
laughing
10.
are
practised
(2)1.
caused
2.
dead
3.
were
enjoying
4.
a
5.
to
6.
approaching
7.
and
8.
relief
9.
immediately
10.
was
cleared
语言知识初探
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
shock
n.
震惊，令人震惊的事；休克
vt.
使震惊，使惊吓→shocking
adj.
非常糟糕的，令人气愤的（多修饰事物）→shocked
n.
震惊的，愤慨的（多修饰人的感受、表情、声音等）
power
n.
电，电力，能量；能力；政权；权力
vt.
驱动，推动（机器或车辆）→powerful
adj.
有影响力的；强有力的
donate
vt.
捐赠→donation
n.
捐赠,捐款→donor
n.
捐赠者
distance
n.
距离；远方；遥远；冷淡，疏远→distant
adj.
遥远的；疏远的→distantly
adv.
遥远地；有远亲关系地
根据提示补全下列短语
take
the
form
of
呈现……的形状；采取……的形式
break
out
突然开始，爆发
far
and
wide
到处，各处
power
failure
停电
run
out
of
supplies
用光补给
go
through
浏览，通读；经历；检查
emergency
services
紧急服务
in
the
distance
在远处
重点知识点解析
power
n.
[U]
电，电力，能量；能力；政权；[U,
C,
usu
pl.]
权力
vt.
驱动，推动（机器或车辆）
(教材P20)
The
strong
wind
and
heavy
rain
didn’t
scare
me,
but
I
was
quite
frightened
during
the
power
failure.
强风暴雨没有吓到我，但是停电的时候，我吓坏了。
【用法详解】a
power
failure/cut
停电
a
power
plant
发电厂
wind/solar/nuclear
power
风/太阳/核能
within
one’s
power
在某人能力/权力范围内
?beyond/out
of
one’s
power
某人能力所不能及
have
power
over
...
对……有控制权，能支配……
have
power
to
do
sth.
有能力做某事
be
in
power
执政，掌权
come
into/to
power
=take
power
上台，执政，掌权
如：It
is
not
within
my
power
(=I
am
unable
or
not
in
a
position)
to
help
you.
我是爱莫能助啊。
Human
societies
have
the
power
to
solve
the
problems
confronting
them.
人类社会有能力解决面临的问题。
He
had
lost
the
power
of
speech.
他丧失了语言能力。
world
powers
世界列强，economic
power
经济实力/
purchasing
power
购买力，powerhouse强大的集团（或组织
The
car
was
powered(power)
by
engine.
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
powerful
adj.
有影响力的；强有力的
常见搭配
powerful
reasons/arguments
有说服力的理由/论据
a
powerful
organization
有影响力的组织
run
out
(of
...),
supply
(教材P20)
Were
you
afraid
of
running
out
of
supplies?
你是不是担心补给品用光了？
【用法详解】(1)
run
out
(of
...)
用完，耗尽（供应品）
易混辨析
run
out
of/run
out/use
up/give
out
易混词组区别run
out意为“用完，耗尽”时，为不及物动词短语，其主语一般为物，其后不可以接宾语，也不用被动run
out
of意为“用完，耗尽”，为及物动词短语，其主语一般为人，其后要接宾语give
out意为“耗尽，用完”，为不及物动词短语，其主语通常是物use
up意为“用光，用完”，为及物动词短语，其后可接宾语，可用于被动语态
如：But
once
these
plants
use
up/
run
out
of
their
stored
reserve
or
tap
out
the
underground
supply,
they
cease
growing
and
start
to
die.
但是，一旦这些植物耗尽它们储存的水或者用完地下水源，它们就会停止生长并开始死亡。
It
was
feared
that
food
supplies
would
give
out/
run
out/
be
used
up
before
the
besieged
town
could
be
relieved.
人们担心食品储备在被围的城镇解围以前就会耗尽。
归纳拓展
run构成的其他短语
run
across
偶然遇见
run
after
追捕；追求
run
away
from
...
逃离……
run
into
撞上；偶然遇见；遇到（困难等）
run
for
竞选
run
through
浏览；快速穿越……
即时巩固
用以上短语完成句子
①I
her
in
the
public
library
yesterday.?
②Our
food
is
.
Will
you
go
to
the
supermarket
to
buy
some??
③You
just
cannot
always
your
duty
while
faced
with
difficulty.?
④Food
supplies
in
the
flood-stricken
area
are
.
We
must
act
immediately
before
there’s
none
left.
?
【答案】①ran
across/into ②running
out ③run
away ④running
out
【用法详解】(2)
supply
n.
[pl.]
补给，补给品；[C]
供应量，储备；[U]
供应
常见搭配
water
supply
供水
be
in
short
supply
供应短缺
a
supply
of
.../
supplies
of
...
……的供应
supply
and
demand供求
supply
chain
供应链
supply
sb.
with
sth.
=supply
sth.
to
sb.
供给某人某物
如：Since
we
will
be
walking
for
almost
two
weeks,
I
need
to
buy
a
large
backpack
in
advance
to
carry
my
supplies
of
food
and
water.
因为我们需要徒步行走将近两周时间，所以我得预先买一个大容量的背包来背我的给养——食物和饮用水。
Books
were
in
short
supply
(=there
were
not
enough
of
them).
书籍供应短缺。
A
stroke
can
disrupt
the
supply
of
oxygen
to
the
brain.
中风可导致大脑供氧中断。
易混辨析
supply/provide/offer的用法区别
supply
sb.
with
sth.
=supply
sth.
to
sb.
provide
sb.
with
sth.
=provide
sth.
for
sb.
offer
sb.
sth.
=offer
sth.
to
sb.
→双宾；offer
to
do
sth.
主动提出做某事，提议做某事
即时巩固
翻译句子
①诸如煤和石油这样的自然资源供应不足。
The
natural
resources,
such
as
coal
and
oil
are
.?
in
short
supply
②一句多译：政府决定给难民提供住处。
The
government
decided
to
the
refugees
houses.?
offer
The
government
decided
to
houses
the
refugees.?
supply;
to
The
government
decided
to
the
refugees
houses.?
supply;
with
donate
vt.
捐赠，赠送；献（血），捐献（器官）
(教材P20)
Luckily,
many
people
came
to
help,
donating
food
and
clothes
to
charities.
幸运的是，许多人来帮忙，捐赠食物和衣服给慈善机构。
【用法详解】donate
sth.
to
sb./sth.
将某物捐赠给某人/某物
如：I
found
the
pre-holidays
a
good
time
to
encourage
young
children
to
donate
less-used
things,
and
it
worked.
我发现假期前是鼓励孩子们捐赠不常用物品的好时机，而且效果很好。（2018·全国Ⅲ卷）
Before
graduation,
many
students
in
our
school
donated
their
books
to
the
school
library
for
the
students
in
lower
grades
to
use.
毕业前夕，我们学校的许多学生把他们的书捐赠给学校图书馆供低年级学生使用。
Many
people
donated
that
type
of
blood
to
rescue
the
severely
injured
boy.
许多人献了那个血型的血来救那个严重受伤的男孩儿。
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
donor
n.
[C]
捐赠者；献血者
donation
n.
[C,
U]
捐赠物，捐赠，赠送
常见搭配
make
a
donation
(of
sth.
to
...)
（向……）捐赠（某物）
如：The
large
hall
was
filled
with
people
who
came
to
make
a
donation
to
the
earthquake
victims.
这个大厅挤满了那些前来为地震灾民捐款的人们。
注意
donate虽然是及物动词，但不能接双宾语，而要用介词to构成donate
sth.
to
sb./sth.。有类似用法的词还有introduce,
explain等。
go
through
(教材P21)
Next
I
went
through
my
notes
of
Mr
Li’s
experiences
...
之后，我浏览了我关于李先生的经历的笔记……
【用法详解】go
through的用法：
(1)通读，查阅。为及物短语动词。相当于look
through。如：
He
has
the
habit
of
going
through
newspapers
after
getting
up.
他有起床之后浏览报纸的习惯。
(2)穿过，通过。为及物短语动词。如：
The
rope
is
too
thick
to
go
through
the
hole.
绳子太粗，穿不过这个孔。
(3)经历，遭受。为及物短语动词，相当于experience。如：
Go
through
those
things
that
seem
impossible,
and
achieve
what
we
never
believe
we
can.
去经历那些似乎不可能做到的事情，去取得我们从不相信自己能取得的成就。
(4)仔细察看，检查，审查。为及物短语动词。相当于go
over。如：
I
would
be
grateful
if
you
could
go
through
my
paper
and
make
necessary
changes.
如果你能仔细检查我的论文并作必要的修改，我将不胜感激。
(5)（法律、合同等正式）通过。为不及物短语动词。主语通常为物。如：
The
plan
went
through
at
the
meeting,
which
made
us
all
quite
happy.
会议通过了这项计划，这使我们都非常高兴。
【归纳拓展】go构成的其他短语：
go
ahead
先走；发生，进行；开始做，着手干
go
away
走开，离开
go
against
反抗；违反；对……不利
go
on
继续下去；发生；（时间）流逝
go
by
（时间）流逝，过去
go
over
仔细检查（或审查、查阅）
go
in
for
爱好；参加（考试或竞赛）
go
out
出去；（火或灯光）熄灭
go
up
上升，上涨
go
down
下降，下跌
go
without
...
没有……也行
【即时巩固】用以上短语完成句子
①My
grandmother
was
becoming
more
and
more
sad
and
frail虚弱
as
the
years
went
by.
②Go
over
your
work
for
spelling
mistakes
before
you
hand
it
in.
③They
go
in
for
tennis
and
bowls.
④The
bedroom
light
went
out
after
a
moment.
break
out
(教材P26)
The
cries
of
women
broke
out;
men
looked
at
each
other,
but
were
silent.
女人们嚎啕大哭；男人们面面相觑，但没有作声。
【用法详解】break
out意为“（战争、打斗等不愉快事件）突然开始，爆发”，是不及物短语动词，不用于被动语态。如：
A
fire
broke
out
in
the
restaurant
last
night.
Fortunately,
no
one
was
hurt.
昨晚这家饭店发生了火灾。幸运的是，没有人受伤。
Her
friends
came
to
help
her
when
the
war
broke
out.
战争爆发时她的朋友来帮助她。
【易混辨析】break
out/happen/take
place
易混词区别break
out意为“（战争、打斗等不愉快事件）突然开始，爆发”。如：
The
Second
World
War
broke
out
in
September;
1939.
第二次世界大战于1939年9月爆发。happen意为“发生，出现”，常带有偶然的意味，此时用物作主语，不用于被动语态；还可意为“碰巧，恰好”，此时常用人作主语。如：
The
car
accident
happened
yesterday.
车祸是昨天发生的。
She
happened
to
be
out
when
we
called.
我们打电话时，她恰好外出了。take
place意为“发生，进行”，常用来指按计划发生的事，不用于被动语态。如：
The
film
festival
will
take
place
in
October.
电影节将于十月举行。
【归纳拓展】break构成的其他短语：
break
away
from
逃脱；背叛，脱离
break
in
强行进入；打断，搅扰
break
into
强行闯入（某地）；突然开始（笑、唱等）
break
down
出故障，坏掉；失败；垮掉
break
up
解散；粉碎；绝交
break
off
断开；停顿，中断；突然终止
break
through
作出新的重大发现；突破；克服
【即时巩固】用以上短语完成句子
①Talks
with
business
leaders
broke
down
last
night.
②MPs国会议员
say
they
work
too
hard
and
that
is
why
so
many
of
their
marriages
break
up因而导致他们当中很多人婚姻破裂.
③Llewelyn
broke
off
in
mid-sentence.
④When
his
lips
break
into
a
smile,
it
is
enough
to
melt
any
woman's
heart.
他粲然一笑就足以让任何女人心软。
distance
n.
[C，U]
距离；[sing.]
远方；[U]
遥远；[U,
C]
冷淡，疏远
(教材P26)
At
that
moment,
they
felt
the
earth
shaking
beneath
their
feet;
beyond
in
the
distance,
they
heard
the
crash
of
falling
roofs.
那一刻，他们感到大地在脚下晃动；从另一边，远处传来屋顶坍塌的声音。
【用法详解】in
the
distance
在远处
at/from
distance
离一段距离；从远处
at/from
distance
of
...
从……远的地方（of后跟具体的距离）
keep
sb.
at
distance
同某人疏远，对某人冷淡，与某人保持一定距离
keep
one’s
distance
(from
...)（与……）保持距离；疏远……
如：I
can
see
lights
in
the
distance.
我能看到远处的点点灯光。
Polar
bears
--
like
all
wild
animals
--
should
be
photographed
from
a
safe
distance.
拍摄北极熊跟拍摄所有的野生动物一样，应保持一段安全的距离。（2020·浙江）
The
tower
can
be
seen
from
a
distance
of
30
miles.
从30英里远的地方都可以看到这座塔。
It
was
very
difficult
to
get
to
know
her
because
she
always
kept
everyone
at
a
distance.
很难搞懂她，因为她总是与每个人都保持一定的距离。
【归纳拓展】词性转换：
（1）distant
adj.
遥远的；远亲的；冷淡的
常见搭配
be
distant
from
...
离……远
（2）distantly
adv.
远地；冷淡地；远亲关系地
如：We're
distantly
related.
我们是远亲。
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
To
many
people,
technology
means
computers,
hand-held
devices,
or
vehicles
that
travel
to
_______(distance)
planets.
Soon,
it
ran
away
off
the
road
and
disappeared
in
_________
distance.
【答案】1.
distant
2.
the
1.
(教材P20)
The
hurricane
must
have
caused
lot
of
damage
and
suffering.
飓风一定造成了很大的损失和痛苦。
【句式剖析】此句中含有must
have
done结构。must
have
done表示对过去所发生事情的肯定推测，意为“想必/准是/一定做了某事”，仅用于肯定句中。如：
The
road
is
wet.
It
must
have
rained
last
night.
路面是湿的。昨晚一定下雨了。
You
must
have
gone
to
bed
late
last
night.
Your
eyes
are
red.
你昨晚准是睡觉晚了，你的眼睛都红了。
补充
must表示推测时的常用结构:
must
do
表示对现在动作的肯定推测
must
be
doing
表示对正在进行动作的肯定推测
must
have
done
表示对过去动作的肯定推测
【考点提炼】“情态动词+have
done”的用法
（一）表推测（表示对过去或已完成动作的推测）
表肯定推测：must
have
done（“肯定做过某事”）
，may/might
have
done
表否定推测：can’t/couldn’t
have
done（“不可能做过某事”）
，may/might
not
have
done
（二）表虚拟
You
shouldn’t
tell
him
about
it.
建议将来不要做某事
You
shouldn’t
have
told
him
about
it.
He
is
so
sad
now.
You
needn’t
do
it.
You
needn’t
have
got
up
so
early.
It’s
Sunday
today.
I
could/might
have
come
to
your
party
yesterday,
but
my
mom
was
seriously
ill.
总结
should
(not)
have
done
sth.,
ought
(not)
to
have
done
sth.
_________________本（不）该做某事（而实际……）
needn’t
have
done
sth.
_______________本不必做（而实际却做了）
could/might
have
done
sth.
_____________本可以做某事（而实际……）
（三）注意：情态动词表推测和情态动词表虚拟的的区别
情态动词表推测
must
have
done
意为：_____________肯定做过某事
如：He
must
have
left
this
morning.
may/might
have
done
意为：________________可能做过某事
如：He
might
have
come.
Look,
there’s
some
money
on
the
table.
can’t/couldn’t
have
done
意为：________________不可能做过某事
如：He
couldn’t
have
come.
Nobody
saw
him
at
the
meeting.
may/might
not
have
done
意为：________________可能没做过某事
如：It
may
not/might
not
be
Tom
who
stole
the
money.
情态动词表虚拟
should/ought
to
have
done
意为：_________________本该做某事（而实际未做）
shouldn’t/oughtn’t
to
have
done
意为：_________________本不该做某事（而实际已做）
needn’t
have
done
意为：_________________本不必做某事（而实际已做）
could
have
done
意为：_________________本可以做某事（而实际未做）
might
have
done
意为：_________________本可以做某事（而实际未做）
【即时巩固】单句语法填空
⑦Had
they
known
what
was
coming
next,
they
_______(have)
second
thoughts.
⑧We
_______(face)
the
difficulty
together,
but
why
didn’t
you
tell
me?
⑨—Sorry,
Mum!
I
failed
the
job
interview
again.
—Oh,
it’s
too
bad.
You
_______(make)
full
preparations.
⑩The
weather
turned
out
to
be
fine
yesterday.
I
_______(not
take)
the
trouble
to
carry
my
umbrella
with
me.
【答案】7.
might
have
had
8.
could
have
faced
9.
should
have
made
10.
needn’t
have
taken
2.
(教材P25)
Its
ashy
rocks,
now
dark,
now
light,
told
a
story
of
past
eruptions
that
might
have
warned
the
city
what
was
to
come！火山岩忽明忽暗，述着过去火山几度喷发的故事，这本来可以警告这座城市里的人们，灾难即将降临！
【句式剖析】此句从句中含有be
to
do结构，表示某事“即将发生”。
【考点提炼】“be
to
do”结构的用法
该结构表示将来，主要有以下三方面的含义:
（1）表示注定要发生的或不可避免会发生的事情。如：
The
discovery
is
to
have
a
major
effect
on
the
treatment
of
heart
disease.
这一发现将对心脏病的治疗产生重大影响。
（2）表示按照计划、安排即将发生某事或者打算做某事表将来。如：
We
are
to
meet
at
the
school
gate.
我们将在学校门口见面。
He
said
he
was
to
finish
the
work
in
week.
说他将在一周之内完成这项工作。
（3）表示意志、意图、职责、义务、命令等。如：
You
are
to
go
to
bed
and
keep
quiet,
kids.
Our
guests
are
arriving
in
less
than
5
minutes.
孩子们，你们必须上床睡觉并保持安静。我们的客人五分钟之内就要到了。
He
said
no
one
was
to
leave
the
building
without
the
police’s
permission.
他说没有警方的允许，没有一个人可以离开这幢楼。
注意
“be
to
do”结构中，若do与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式要用to
be
done的形式。如：
The
meeting
is
to
be
held
next
Monday.
会议将于下周一举行。
√小试身手（1）-完成句子
你不能在室内吸烟。（be
to
do）
________________________________________________________________________
他正处于非常艰难的时期。
He
_______________________
a
very
difficult
time...
我到了车站，却发现我要搭乘的火车已经开走了。
I
reached
the
station
____________________
that
my
train
had
already
left.
我觉得我们一定是在什么地方拐错了路。
I
think
we
____________________
a
wrong
turning
somewhere.
【答案】1.
You
are
not
to
smoke
in
the
room.
2.
was
going
through
3.
only
to
find
4.
must
have
taken
◎单元重点语法—动词不定式作定语和结果状语
（一）动词不定式作定语
阅读下列句子，注意不定式作定语的形式和位置
The
car
to
be
bought
is
for
her
sister.
要买的车是给她姐姐的。
He
has
no
friend
to
depend
on.
他没有可依靠的朋友。（=who
he
can
depend
on）
I
have
no
chance
to
go
abroad.
He
was
the
first
student
to
get
up
this
morning.
Can
I
have
something
to
drink?
总结
不定式作定语
解析
不定式作后置定语
1、不定式作定语的几种情况
①不定式表将来。如：
The
car
to
be
bought
is
for
his
sister.
要买的这辆车是给他姐姐的。
②中心词为地点、方式、工具等或不定代词，或被the
only/last/next/
...,
the
first等序数词或最高级修饰时。如：
I
have
no
pencil
to
write
with.
He
is
the
first
one
to
get
to
school.
He
was
the
best
man
to
do
the
job.
③被修饰词为抽象名词，由原本加不定式的及物动词或形容词派生而来。此类抽象名词有：arrangement,
desire,
decision,
attempt,
determination,
failure,
hope,
intention,
need,
order,
plan,
promise,
refusal,
wish等（动词派生）；ability,
anxiety,
curiosity,
eagerness,
patience,
willingness等（形容词派生）。如：
He
made
an
attempt
to
overcome
his
weakness.
His
eagerness
to
get
back
home
is
quite
obvious.
注意
被修饰词与不定式间有时具有同位关系，即不定式解释说明中心词的内容，相当于同位语。如：
We
are
sure
he
has
the
ability
to
deal
with
the
problem.
补充
此类抽象名词还有：chance,
opportunity,
courage,
efforts,
evidence,
means,
way,
time,
right,
reason,
ambition,
movement等。如：
He
has
an
ambition
to
become
a
world
champion.
Thank
you
for
giving
me
the
chance
to
make
the
speech.
2、不定式作定语的语态问题
①中心词逻辑主语
+
to
do（表主谓关系），即中心词是不定式动作的执行者，则使用主动形式。如：
We
need
some
nurses
to
look
after
children.
（nurses→look
after
children）
②中心词逻辑宾语
+
to
do（表动宾关系），即中心词是不定式动作的承受者，使用“主动表被动”，且不及物动词后应有相应的介词。如：
I
have
some
heavy
bags
(for
me)
to
carry.
（some
heavy
bags←carry）
I
have
some
problems
(for
me)
to
deal
with.
（some
problems←deal
with）
注意
试比较以下2句话
I
have
much
work
to
do.
→可在不定式前加“for
me”，说明工作是由“我”来做。
I
have
some
films
to
be
developed.
→表示胶卷不是由“我”冲洗。
（二）动词不定式作结果状语
①不定式在句子中作结果状语，往往表示“出乎意料的、非本意的结果”。如：
He
hurried
to
the
station
only
to
find
hat
the
train
had
left.
他匆忙赶到了车站结果却发现火车已经开走了。
②不定式在带有
enough或too的句子里作结果状语。如：
He
is
old
enough
to
go
to
school.
他到上学的年龄了。
We
found
the
room
too
small
to
hold
so
many
people.
√小试身手（2）-单句语法填空
(1)I
was
watching
the
clock
all
through
the
meeting,
as
I
had
a
train
__________(catch).
(2)There
are
still
many
problems
_____________(solve)
before
we
are
ready
for
a
long
stay
on
the
Moon.
(3)That
is
the
only
way
we
can
imagine
____________(reduce)
the
overuse
of
water
in
students’
bathrooms.
(4)We
are
invited
to
a
party
_______________(hold)
in
our
club
next
Friday.
(5)The
news
reporters
hurried
to
the
airport,
only_____(tell)
the
film
stars
had
left.
答案：(1)to
catch
(2)to
be
solved
(3)to
reduce
(4)to
be
held
(5)to
be
told
根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示填写单词
Peace
marked
a
new
(开端，萌芽)
in
the
country’s
history.
Our
success
was
far
(超出)
what
we
thought
possible.
Violence
(突然发生)
outside
the
embassy
gates.
The
country’s
major
(出口产品)
are
fruit
and
vegetables.
Researchers
have
(发现)
documents
from
the1600s.
The
temple
is
supported
by
marble
(柱，圆柱).
He
has
no
plans
to
(退休)
as
editor
of
the
magazine.
The
country
has
to
(进口)
most
of
its
raw
materials.
Tennis
requires
a
lot
of
short
(急剧的，剧烈的)
movements.
The
players
are
(禁止，阻止)
from
drinking
alcohol
the
night
before
a
match.
They
searched
far
and
w
for
the
missing
boy.
We
saw
lights
in
the
d
.
Ellis
Isand
has
become
one
of
America’s
most
popular
tourist
d
.
The
wages
often
take
the
f
of
living
goods.
He
was
29
when
war
broke
o
.
A
wealthy
benefactor
came
to
their
r
with
a
generous
donation.
As
a
saying
goes,
“When
in
Rome,
do
as
the
R
do.”
When
the
police
arrived,
the
crowd
scattered
in
all
d
.
The
hill
is
supposed
to
be
the
r
place
of
the
legendary
King
Lud.
A
all,
we
should
be
fully
prepared
for
the
crisis.
【答案】1.
dawn
2.
beyond
3.
erupted
4.
exports
5.
unearthed
6.
columns
7.
retire
import
9.
sharp
10.
barred
11.
wide
12.
distance
13.
destinations
14.
form
out
16.
rescue
17.
Romans
18.
directions
19.
resting
20.
Above
II.
完形填空
A
friend
of
mine
is
a
musician.
He
always
seems
to
be
learning
new
tunes,
new
__1__,
and
new
ways
of
making
music
in
cool
ways.
At
the
weekends,
he
__2__
to
go
into
Central
Park
in
the
center
of
Nagoya
during
the
daytime
where
lots
of
bands
__3__.
Some
of
these
bands
are
really
good,
but
some
of
them
are
quite
__4__.
One
of
the
reasons
why
my
friend
likes
watching
all
the
bands
is
that
they
are
free!
And
as
he
says
to
me,
“__5__
expensive
things
don't
necessarily
mean
that
they're
good,
free
things
don't
necessarily
mean
they
have
no
__6__.
You
have
to
listen
and
look
yourself
and
__7__
what
is
valuable
for
you.
And
__8__,
as
you
listen
and
look,
you
may
learn
different
things.”
So
my
friend
goes
to
the
park
every
week
when
the
weather
is
fine,
and
he
says
he
learns
__9__
from
every
single
band!
When
he
watches
and
listens
to
the
really
good
bands,
he
learns
new
concertos(协奏曲)
from
the
__10__
and
cool
rhythms
from
the
drummers.
I
guess
that
it's
not
__11__
that
you
can
learn
a
lot
by
watching
__12__
performers.
But
what
impress
me
are
my
friend's
words
--
“You
can
learn
by
watching
and
listening
to
the
bad
performers,
too.
When
I
watch
a
bad
performer,
I
think
to
myself
--
wow,
that's
another
thing
that
I'm
going
to
__13__.”
So
my
friend
makes
__14__
by
leaning
from
both
good
and
bad
performers.
And
he
says
he
also
finds
__15__
and
pleasure
in
learning
and
improving
in
ways
that
he
has
never
even
imagined!
1.
A.
games
B.
systems
C.
instruments
D.
languages
2.
A.
loves
B.
wishes
C.
agrees
D.
affords
3.
A.
compete
B.
perform
C.
study
D.
succeed
4.
A.
poor
B.
shy
C.
unlucky
D.
fierce
5.
A.
Since
B.
For
C.
While
D.
Unless
6.
A.
price
B.
fault
C.
soul
D.
value
7.
A.
find
out
B.
wait
for
C.
bring
out
D.
call
for
8.
A.
in
short
B.
of
course
C.
at
first
D.
as
usual
9.
A.
nothing
B.
anything
C.
everything
D.
something
10.
A.
listeners
B.
learners
C.
players
D.
dancers
11.
A.
touching
B.
exciting
C.
surprising
D.
satisfying
12.
A.
excellent
B.
strange
C.
energetic
D.
amateur
13.
A.
come
up
with
B.
get
hold
of
13.
C.
look
down
on
D.
get
rid
of
14.
A.
time
B.
money
C.
progress
D.
way
15.
A.
duty
B.
fun
C.
pride
D.
respect
【答案】CABAC
DABDC
CADCB
III.
阅读理解
A
A
high?altitude
rescue
team
has
set
new
standards
in
the
Himalayas
this
season,
performing
the
highest
altitude
rescue
ever
completed.
On
May
19th,
a
rescue
team
successfully
got
a
mountaineer
from
near
Camp
3
at
23,
000
feet
on
Everest(珠穆朗玛峰).
The
climber
named
Gautam
nearly
reached
the
top
but
became
extremely
exhausted
and
seriously
dehydrated(脱水的)．
After
a
difficult
and
dangerous
rescue,
the
team
was
able
to
successfully
save
Gautam's
life.
In
an
interview
with
Moro,
the
pilot
of
the
rescue
team,
he
said,
“You
have
to
be
prepared,
technically,
physically,
and
also
mentally.”
He
added,
“The
aim
wasn't
to
set
a
record
but
to
save
someone's
life.”
The
team
has
flown
rescue
tasks
using
Nepalese
helicopters(直升机)
for
two
years
but
had
the
idea
to
create
a
team
with
its
own
helicopter,
which
has
been
able
to
complete
this
season.
The
entire
operation
is
privately
financed,
and
according
to
Moro,“doesn't
cost
the
Italian
or
Nepalese
tax?payer
a
single
cent.”Moro
also
flies
tasks
for
the
local
population
for
“free
or
at
extremely
reduced
prices”．
Moro
sees
potential
for
the
increasing
number
of
high?altitude
Himalayan
rescue
operations.
In
the
future,
he
hopes
to
see
more
than
one
team,
as
well
as
a
specialised
team
of
climbers
that
would
be
able
to
perform
rescues
at
altitudes
and
in
weather
conditions
that
are
impossible
for
helicopters.
1.
What
can
we
infer
about
Gautam?
A.
He
is
a
lover
for
mountaineering.
B.
He
lost
his
life
on
Himalayas.
C.
He
ever
reached
the
mountain
top
once.
D.
He
is
a
leader
of
a
rescue
team.
2.
What
is
Moro
like?
A.
He
can
operate
the
helicopter
technically.
B.
He
is
generous
and
helpful
to
people.
C.
He
makes
good
preparations
for
mountaineering.
D.
He
is
potential
and
wealthy.
3.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“financed”
in
Paragraph
4
mean?
A.
Loved
by
many
people.
B.
Managed
in
a
new
way.
C.
Supported
with
money.
D.
Discovered
by
chance.
4.
What's
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
The
Future
of
High?altitude
Rescue
Team
B.
The
Successful
Flying
Task
on
Himalayas
C.
An
Interview
with
an
Italian
Famous
Rescue
Team
Leader
D.
A
Daring
High?altitude
Rescue
on
Everest
Sets
a
Record
B
In
the
US,
tornadoes(龙卷风)
are
responsible
for
80
deaths
and
more
than
1,
500
injuries
each
year.
Although
they
happen
quite
frequently,
tornadoes
are
difficult
to
predict.
Why?
Tornadoes
develop
from
storms,
but
only
some
storms
are
likely
to
become
tornadoes.
Scientists
don't
know
where
and
when
a
storm
will
touch
the
ground
and
turn
into
a
tornado.
Today,
the
warning
time
for
a
tornado
is
usually
just
13
minutes.
Time
Samaras
is
a
storm
chaser.
His
job
is
to
find
tornadoes
and
follow
them.
When
he
gets
close
to
a
tornado,
he
puts
a
special
tool
called
a
turtle
probe
on
the
ground.
This
tool
measures
things
like
a
tornado's
temperature,
humidity(湿度),
and
wind
speed.
With
this
information,
Samaras
can
learn
what
causes
tornadoes
to
develop.
If
meteorologists(气象学家)
understand
this,
they
can
warn
people
about
tornadoes
sooner
and
save
lives.
How
does
Samaras
hunt
tornadoes?
It's
not
easy.
First,
he
has
to
find
one.
Tornadoes
are
too
small
to
see
using
weather
satellites.
So
Samaras
can't
rely
on
these
tools
to
find
a
tornado.
Instead,
he
waits
for
tornadoes
to
develop.
Every
May
and
June,
Samaras
drives
about
40，000
kilometers
across
an
area
known
as
Tornado
Alley,
looking
and
hoping
to
spot
a
tornado.
Once
Samaras
sees
a
tornado,
the
chase
begins.
But
a
tornado
is
hard
to
follow.
Some
tornadoes
change
direction
several
times
--
for
example,
moving
east
and
then
west
and
then
east
again.
When
Samaras
finally
gets
near
a
tornado,
he
puts
the
turtle
probe
on
the
ground.
Being
this
close
to
a
tornado
is
terrifying.
Debris(碎片)
is
flying
in
the
air.
Then
wind
is
blowing
at
high
speed.
He
must
get
away
quickly.
The
work
is
risky,
even
for
a
skilled
chaser
like
Samaras.
But
danger
won't
stop
his
hunt
for
the
perfect
storm.
5.
What
do
we
know
about
tornadoes?
A.
They
can
be
predicted
by
satellites.
B.
They
usually
come
down
in
winter.
C.
The
warning
time
for
them
is
very
short.
D.
They
often
develop
into
storms.
6.
A
turtle
probe
is
used
to
________．
A.
predict
tornadoes
B.
collect
information
about
tornadoes
C.
chase
tornadoes
D.
decrease
the
power
of
tornadoes
7.
The
third
paragraph
is
mainly
about
________．
A.
how
tornadoes
develop
B.
how
the
turtle
probe
works
C.
how
powerful
Tornado
Alley
is
D.
how
Samaras
chases
a
tornado
8.
According
to
the
text,
the
job
of
a
tornado
chaser
is
________．
A.
difficult
and
dangerous
B.
stressful
and
troublesome
C.
mysterious
and
interesting
D.
exciting
and
popular
【答案】ABCD
CBDA
IV.
七选五
Mountains
of
smoke
and
fire
Deep
under
the
Earth's
surface,
it's
so
hot
that
even
rock
melts.
Sometimes
this
molten
rock,
called
“magma”，
is
pushed
up
to
the
surface.
__1__
And
the
opening
or
vent
that
lets
the
lava
out
is
a
volcano.
A
volcano
may
explode
violently,
throwing
out
rocks
for
miles
around.
__2__
Some
volcanoes
release
clouds
of
poisonous
gas
or
huge
clouds
of
ash.
Volcanoes
can
even
do
all
these
things
underwater.
Most
volcanoes
have
been
around
for
a
very
long
time.
Many
haven't
erupted
for
years
and
have
cooled
off.
Volcanoes
that
are
not
going
to
erupt
again
are
called
“dead
volcanoes”.
Some
volcanoes
still
give
off
smoke.
These
“sleeping
volcanoes”
may
“wake
up”
one
day
and
erupt
again.
__3__
But
one
day
in
AD
79
it
suddenly
woke
up.
Its
eruption
threw
out
hot
ash
and
rocky
fragments(碎片)
that
buried
the
city
of
Pompeii.
A
hot
mud?flow
buried
nearby
Herculaneum.
Because
the
remains
are
so
well
preserved,
the
area
has
been
named
a
World
Heritage
site.
But
not
all
volcanoes
are
destructive.
When
a
volcano
throws
out
vast
amounts
of
lava
and
debris(岩屑),
it
piles
up
into
a
mountain.
__4__
Other
volcanoes
help
provide
heat
and
energy.
Many
Icelandic
homes
get
their
hot
water
from
springs
heated
by
volcanic
steam.
__5__
Plants
grow
very
well
in
the
rich
soil
left
by
volcanoes.
And
valuable
gems,
such
as
diamonds,
can
sometimes
be
found
in
the
rocks
that
are
thrown
out
by
volcanoes.
A.
At
this
point
it
is
referred
to
as
“lava”．
B.
The
molten
rock
is
formed
inside
the
Earth.
C.
This
steam
can
also
be
used
to
produce
electricity.
D.
Mount
Vesuvius
in
Italy
slept
for
a
thousand
years.
E.
Or
it
may
push
lava
out
so
that
it
flows
away,
cools
and
hardens.
F.
Japan
has
many
active
volcanoes
within
its
narrow
national
territory.
G.
The
Hawaiian
Islands
and
the
island
of
Iceland
were
created
in
this
way.
【答案】AEDGC
单元单词默写
____________
n.
飓风
____________
n.
会议，研讨会；
讨论，商谈
____________
n.
震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动
vt.
使震惊
____________
vt.
&
vi.
惊吓，害怕
n.
恐慌；惊吓
____________
n.
电，电力；权力；政权；控
制力；能力；能量；力量
____________
用完，耗尽
____________
n.
补给，补给品；供应；
供应量，储备
vt.
供应，供给，提供
____________
vt.
捐赠，赠送；献（血）
____________
n.
慈善机构（组织）；慈善，
施舍；仁爱，宽容
____________
n.
全体职工；管理人员
vt.
在……工作，任职于
____________
n.
投影片；降低；滑行；山崩
vi.
&
vt.
滑行；逐渐陷入
____________
n.
资金；基金
____________
n.
洪水，水灾；大量
vt.
&
vi.
淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满
____________
adv.
在楼下，往楼下
n.
楼下
____________
n.
文件，公文；（计算机中的）文档
____________
n.（爱称）亲爱的；蜂蜜
____________
adv.
否则，不然；除此以外
____________
adj.
好奇的；奇特的
____________
adj.
古罗马的；罗马的
n.
古罗马人；罗马人
____________
vi.
&
vt.（火山）爆发；突然
发生
____________
vt.
使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到
____________
n.
目的地，终点
____________
n.
酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏
杆；障碍
vt.
封；阻挡；阻止
____________
n.
进口产品，输入的产品；输入
vt.
进口，引进
____________
n.
出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出
vt.
出口，输出
____________
n.
港口，避风港；港口城市
____________
adj.
高耸入云
的，耸入云霄的
____________
adj.
覆盖着灰的；灰色的
____________
n.
黎明，破晓；开端，萌芽
vi.
开始；开始清楚
____________
n.
火山
____________
呈现……的形状；采取……的形式
____________
n.
树干
____________
adj.
难耐的，无法
忍受的
____________
突然开始，爆发
____________
adv.
在（或向）较远处；在另一边
prep.
在（或向）更远处；超出；晚于；无法；超出……之外
____________
n.
遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远
____________
到处，各处
____________
n.
图案，花样；模式；范例；
模型
____________
n.
柱，圆柱；柱状物；栏；专栏；队，列
____________
n.
&
vt.
救援，营救，抢救
____________
adj.
灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的
____________
vt.
找出……的准确位置；把安置在（或建造于）
43.
____________
vi.
&
vt.
退休，退职
hurricane
conference
shock
scare
power
run
out
of
supply
donate
charity
staff
slide
fund
flood
downstairs
document
honey
otherwise
curious
Roman
erupt
unearth
destination
bar
import
export
port
cloud-capped
ashy
dawn
volcano
take
the
form
of
trunk
unbearable
break
out
beyond
distance
far
and
wide
pattern
column
rescue
sharp
locate
retire
