人教版（2019）高中英语必修第二册Unit 4 History and Traditions--单元词汇精讲精练学案 （含答案）

B2U4 History and Traditions--单元词汇精讲精练
1. P39. An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words.
individual adj. 单独的；个别的；独特的；与众不同的；n. 个人；与众不同的人；有个性的人
1). A teacher can’t give ____________________________(单独关注) to each pupil if his class is large.
2). The competition is open to both teams and ______________________.(个人)
3). 他有自己独特的工作方式。______________________________________________________________
2. P39. And so hold on when there is nothing in you.所以当你身上一无所有的时候，要坚持住。
hold on 等着；停住；（在困境或危险中）坚持，挺住；（电话用语）别挂断，稍等片刻
4). 他鼓励我们坚持一下，直到救援队来救我们。
He inspired us_______________________ until the rescue team ___________________________________.
3. P40 Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；不解之谜；疑问 be in a puzzle (about) 对...感到困惑；不知如何是好
vt.&vi. （使）迷惑/为难 puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索
puzzling adj.令人迷惑的；puzzled adj. 感到迷惑的 puzzlement Un. 困惑 in puzzlement 迷惑地
What puzzles me (most) is ... （最）令我困惑/不解的是... to one’s puzzlement 令某人困惑的是
5). The situation there was _____________________(puzzle) than ever.
6). As she turned back she caught the __________________(puzzle) look on her mother’s face.
7). I ______________________________________(感到困惑) this question for weeks.
8). 令我困惑的是，这么简单的谜他居然没法解决。(一句多译)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4. P40. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.
join...to... 把...和...连接或联系起来；be joined to与...连接起来；加入到...
表示“与...有关/有联系”的其他方式：be related to; be linked to/with; be involved in; be associated with;
have something to do with; be relevant to
9). 电脑还没有连上网。The computer ___________________________________ the Internet.
10). 我们用一条直线连接点A和点B。____________________________________________________________
5. P40. Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today.
break away 突然挣脱；逃脱；脱离；摆脱
break down 抛锚，出故障；身体跨了；（把化合物等）分解；损坏 break off 打断；折断
break in vi 闯入，强行进入；插嘴，打断 break into vt. 闯入，强行进入；
break out vi.（战争、火灾等）突然开始；爆发 break up 分解；分裂 break through 突破；冲破
11). Don’t ________________ when he is telling the story.
12). A fire ________________ at midnight and soon the whole building was in flames.
13). The thief ________________ my house and stole my wife’s furcoat.
14). The two countries are going to meet to _______________ some barriers to trade between them.
15). The husband and wife are always quarreling and their relations are _____________________.
result in 造成；导致 result from 产生于；由...导致 as a result 因此 as a result of 由于...
16). He made one big mistake, and ____________________, lost his job.
17). The plan failed _______________________ lack of finance.
18). A lot of new machines have been applied in the factory, _______________________ a production in crease.
19). 听说他的左腿残疾是因为一场事故。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
6. P40. The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
belong vi.应在（某处），不能用于进行时和被动语态 搭配：belong to 作定语用belonging to
belongings n. 财产；所有物；物件；东西 belonging n.归属 a sense of belonging归属感
20). He had taken away some valuable items _________________________(属于) another person.
21). 有归属感很重要。__________________________________________________________________________
7. P40. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
as well as 也，还，既...又...。常用来连接两个并列成分。 as well 也 （一般放在句末）
as well as 位于句首时，其后可用动名词形式，此时相当于in addition to
as well as 连接两个主语时，谓语动词单复数和as well as前主语保持一致。
22). Amy, as well as her brothers, _________________(give) a warm welcome when _______________(return) to the village last week.
23). As well as ______________(learn) English, we want to experience life in the USA.
24). Students should ___________________________(培养自己的兴趣爱好) as well as do their schoolwork.
25). They visited not only the school but also some factories and hospitals.(改写)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
defence/defense n. 防御；保卫 defend vt. 防守；保卫；为...辩解
in defence (of)/in one’s defence 保护；为了保卫；(为...)辩护;
defend...from/against... 保护...免受...；保卫...抵御 come to one’s defence 出来保护某人
26).军人的职责就是保卫国家，抵御敌人.___________________________________________________________
27). 现在越来越多的妇女学会起来保护她们的合法权利。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
8. P40. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
surround vt&vi.包围；围绕 be surrounded by/with...被...包围/环绕 surround...with....使...包围...
surrounding adj.周围的；附近的 surroundings n. 周围环境
28). When I came to the airport, I saw the place ____________________(surround) by the police.
29). Steve arrived and sat in the front row, __________________(surround) by his family.
30). 站在顶上，我们欣赏周围的风景。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
evidence n. 证据，证明，证词 There’s (some) evidence of/that...有证据表明...
evident adj. 明显的；明白的 It is evident/obvious/apparent that...显而易见
31). All the scientific evidence ____________(show) that ________________(increase) use of chemicals in farming __________________(damage) our health.
32). 有证据表明，少量饮酒有益健康。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
33). 显而易见，你的观点是错误的。______________________________________________________________
9. P41. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
keep one’s eyes open 睁大眼睛； 留心，注意 keep an eye on 照看，照管；留心注意
look sb.in the eye(s) 直视别人 have an eye for对...有判断力/鉴赏力 catch one’s eye吸引某人的注意
34). He _____________(向上看) and something in the tree ____________________________.
35). A good artist must ______________________________________ color.
36). _____________________________ for a boy in a red cap and sweater.
10.P42. Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged.
charge vt. 给...充电; 收费；要价；控告；指责；谴责； n. 要价，收费； 主管，掌管；
charge sb. (money) for sth.因某事要某人收费 free of charge/for free/for nothing 免费
charge sb. with (doing) sth./accuse sb. of (doing)sth. 因某事控告/谴责某人
take charge of/be in charge of主管；掌管 in the charge of/in one’s charge 由...负责/主管
37). I agree on his suggestion on the condition that he drops all _______________(charge).
38). the hotel charges thirty-five dollars a day ___________ this room.
39). 电池快没电了，你最好冲下电。 The battery _____________________________________________________
40). 他被指控谋杀了他的妻子。__________________________________________________________________
41). 他在父亲去世后掌管了农场。（一句多译）
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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11. P42. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.
announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称 announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布 as is announced正如宣布的那样
announcement n. （重要或正式的）通知；公告；布告 announcer n. 播音员；广播员
It is announced that...据宣布/据说... make an announcement 发表公告/通知
42). Sir Robert made his _________________(announce) that Mr. Green and Miss White will ____________(marry) in October.
43). 据说美国总统不久要对中国进行官方访问。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
12. P42. We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.
amount n. 数量；数额 vt. 合计；共计 amount to 合计；等于；相当于；意味着
a large/great/good/small amount of Un. 大量的/少量的（谓语单数）
(large/small) amounts of Un. 大量的/少量的(谓语复数) the amount of Un. ...的总数（谓语单数）
44). With hi-tech, _____________________(大量的) time and energy _________________(save) up to now.
45). Since 2019, _______________(...的数量) money available to buy books ________________ by 17%.
46). 不减少你吃的量，减肥很难。It _______________________________________________________________.
47). 我们对睡眠的需求量因人而异。______________________________________________________________
13. P42. Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.
approach n.&v. 接近，靠近（时间或距离上） Cn. 方法；途径；道路；通道
an approach to (doing) sth=a way to do sth/of doing sth.
with the approach of...=with...approach=as...approaches/approached 随着...的临近
48). ________________(approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters _____________(高).
49). 沉迷于画画，John没注意到夜幕降临了。_____________ painting, John didn’t notice evening ____________.
50). 随着节日的接近，人们忙于购物。_____________________________________________________________
51). 直面你的问题是解决事情最好的方法。(approach/way)____________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
14. P42. The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.
position vt. 安装；安置，使处于；确定...的位置；n. 处境；地位；状况；职位
put...in a difficult position 使...陷于困境 hold the position of 担任...的职务
特别提醒：position表“处境；状况”，后接where或in which引导的定语从句，并在从句中作状语。
52). Sales director is a position ___________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
53). The dictionary ______________(position) where I couldn’t see it easily.
54). 他在我们学校担任校长一职。_________________________________________________________________
15. P43 I was eager/surprised to see/learn/hear that...
eager adj. 热切的；渴望的；渴求的 eagerness n. 热切；渴望； eagerly adv. 热切地；渴望地
be eager for sth./be eager to do sth. 渴望得到/做...
=be dying to do sh/for sth.=by anxious to do sth./for sth.=long to do/for sth.=be thirsty for...
55). Now she was back, and eager ________________(see) her friends.
56). I couldn’t hide my __________________(eager) to get back home.
57). “So what do you think will happen?” he asked _______________(eager).
58). 我渴望表演的开始。______________________________________________________________________
16. P40. Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads.
achievement n. (C) 成就；成绩 （U）达到；完成 achieve vt. 实现(目标/理想等)；取得(胜利/成功)
achieve one’s goal/aim/dream/success/victory/standard 实现目标/梦想/取得成功/胜利/达到标准
make an achievement in...在...方面取得成就 a sense of achievement 成就感
59). 他的懒惰使得他不可能在学业上取得成功。（make用法）
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60). 在过去的几年里，中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的成功。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
补充：Achilles’ heel 阿克琉斯之踵；致命的弱点 pull one’s leg 开玩笑 fish out of water 离水之鱼
breathe a word 说一句话 if any 如果有的话 take over 接管；接收 attend to 照顾；处理
locate vt. 把...设置在/建造在 the location of... ...的位置 be located in/near sth.位于.../某处附近
B2U4 单元词汇精讲精练参考答案：
1. 1). individual attention; 2). individuals; 3). He has his own individual way of working
2. 4). to hold on; came to our rescue/came to rescue us.
3. 5). more puzzling; 6). puzzled 7). have been puzzled about; 8). What puzzles me is that he shouldn’t solve such an easy puzzle./To my puzzlement, he shouldn’t solve so easy a puzzle.
4. 9). has not been joined to; 10). We joined point A to point B in a straight line.
5. 11). break in 12). broke out 13). broke into 14). break down 15). breaking up
16). as a result; 17). as a result of 18). resulting in 19). It is said that his disabled left leg resulted from an accident./an accident resulted in his disabled left leg./His disabled left leg is said to resulted from an accident.
6. 20). belonging to 21). It is important/of great importance to have a sense of belonging.
7. 22). was given; returning 23). learning 24). develop their own interests 25). They visited some factories, hospitals as well as the school./They visited some factories, hospitals and the school as well. 26). The duty of soldiers is to defend the country from/against its enemies. 27). More and more/An increasing number of women today have learnt to arise in defence of their legal rights.
8. 28). surrounded 29. surrounded 30). Standing on the top, we admired the surrounding scenes.
31). shows; increasing, is damaging 32). There is some evidence that a small amount of alcohol is beneficial to health/is of benefit to health/is good for health. 33). It is evident that his opinion is wrong./Evidently, his opinion is wrong.
9. 34). looked up; caught his eye 35). have an eye for 36). keep your eyes open
10. 37). charges 38). for 39). is running out; you’d better get it charged 40). He was charged with/was accused of murdering his wife. 41). He took charge of the farm after his father’s death./The farm was in his charge after his father’s death.
11. 42). announcement; be married 43). It is announced that the America president will pay an official visit to China soon.
12. 44). a large amount of; has been saved/large amounts of; have been saved 45). the amount of; has fallen
46). It is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the mount you eat.
47). The amount of sleep we need varies from person to person.
48). Approaching; high/in height 49). Absorbed in, approaching 50). With the approaching of the Christmas Day/With the Christmas Day approaching/coming/drawing near/on the way/around the corner, people are busy shopping. 51). facing up to your problems is the best approach to working things out/the best way to work things out.
14. 52). where 53). was positioned 54). He held the position of the headmaster in our school.
15. 55). to see 56). eagerness 57). eagerly 58). I am eager for the performance to begin.
16. 59). His laziness makes it impossible for him to achieve success in his study.
60). In the past few years, China has made great achievements in environmental protection.