Unit 4 Earthquakes Learning about language

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人教课标版
高一 必修 1
Unit 4
Learning about language
1. Find the correct word or expressions for each of the following meanings.
of no use
all the people in a country
a lot of
matter that is not clean
useless
nation
a great
number of
dirt
finished
very great in degree
immediately
gas that hot water gives out
right away
steam
at an end
extreme
make someone feel very surprised
metal bars that a train moves along
save something or somebody from danger
the part of a building left after the rest has been destroyed
shock
track
rescue
ruin
3. Complete the passage with words from the text.
It was a frightening night. The dam cracked and then ______ under the weight of the water. The water went all over the fields and _________ quite a few villages along the river. Some buildings were in ______ and some farmers were _______ at the top of their houses.
burst
destroyed
ruins
trapped
The water filled the canals and the _____. Dead bodies and _______ animals were seen everywhere. People were _______, but they had to _____ the dead bodies for health reasons. It was a very sad time.
wells
inured
shocked
bury
4. Work in groups. Read some of the sentences and complete the others. Then choose the best to read to the class.
◎When the earthquake came, it was as if the world was at an end.
◎When the houses fell down, it sounded as if _______________________.
a mountain had blown up
◎When the dam broke, it looked as if the sea had arrived suddenly on our doorstep.
◎When the bricks covered the ground, it was as if ___________________________.
◎When the coal mines fell, the ground above looked as if it would crack.
◎When the cows ran down the road, they looked as if ______________________
____________.
stones were flowing like water
they were driven by an
unseen hand
◎When the shock hit us, we felt as if we were going to die.
◎When the nation turned to help us in our need, it seemed as if _________________
____________________________________.
all China was thinking of us and was coming to our aid
Grammar
定语从句
The Attributive Clause
引导定语从句关系代词的用法：
that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物
1) A plane is a machine that can fly.
2) The noodles that I cooked were delicious.
3) Let’s ask the man that is reading the
book over there.
4) The girl that we saw yesterday is Jim’s
sister.
(主语)
(宾语)
(主语)
(宾语)
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。
Note
This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
(3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
(4) 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
(2) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little,
much等修饰时。
3. The house __________ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.
Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.
1. The earthquake ___________ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.
2. We don’t know the number of people __________ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake.
that / which
that / who
which /that
6. Harry is the boy ______ mother is our maths teacher.
4. A house __________ is built on sand may fall down in a earthquake.
5. Luckily none of the people ______________ I know were killed in the earthquake.
which / that
who/whom/that
whose
1. The famous basketball star, _____ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. (北京 2002春季)
A. where B. when C. which D. who
真题解析: 本题考察定语从句关联词的选择, 从句意可知先行词the famous
basketball star (著名的篮球明星)是人, 所以应用表示人的关联词who。
高考链接
D
2. Is this factory _____ we visited last year
A. where B. in which
C. the one D. at which
C
分析：此题还原成陈述句应该是This
factory is ______ we visited last year. 而
不是 This is factory ______ we visited
last year. 所以答案是C。从句前省略了
关系代词that/which。
3. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month. (NMET2001) A. It B. As C. That D. what
真题解析: 本题考察as引导非限定性定语从句。as引导从句的意思是“正如……..”, 引导的非限定性定语从句修饰整个句子，当as在从句中充当主语时, 常用下面的结构: as is know, as is said, as is reported等，所以本题的答案是B。
B
请找出下列各句中的错误并加以改正。
1. This is the factory where we visited last week.
2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking.
where → that/which或去掉where。
把for放在looking之后。英语中,有些短语动词, 介词或副词不可与动词相分离。又如: look after, run into等。
3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.
4. The house in that we live is very small.
whom
尽管在口语中who, whom都能作宾语,但在介词后只能用whom。
which
5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.
6. I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library.
which
that不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
which → that或去掉which。当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little等修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.
which → that或去掉which。当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the only, the very等所修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.
如果先行词既指人又指物时, 常用that引导定语从句。
that
9. Everything which we saw was of great interest.
10. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died.
当先行词为something, anything, everything, nothing, all等时,常由that引导定语从句。
which → that或去掉which。
which
课后练习
I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母，写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. The storm d______ hundreds of houses.
2. A lot of houses have b______ across the windows.
3. Don’t stand so near the edge! You’re f_________ me.
4. I was f_________ of being left by myself in the house.
frightened
damaged
bars
frightening
II. 选择合适的关系代词（that, which, who, whose）填空。
1. He ______ laughs last laughs best.
2. February is the only month ______ has
fewer than 30 days.
3. There are people ______ only on-line activity is emailing.
4. The books _________ I bought were expensive.
5. I have a class ______ begins at 8:00 am.
who
that
whose
which/that
which
6. The man ___ sat next to me talked a lot.
7. The student ______ raised her hand in class asked the teacher a question.
8. Over there is the woman ______ daughter is in my class.
9. That is the boy ______ mother is a famous musician.
10. Everything ______ we saw was of great interest to us.
who
who
whose
whose
that
Make up some attributive clauses
by using the above phrases.