2020-2021学年人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修4：Unit3 Sea exploration 单元测试卷 Word版含解析

2020-2021学年人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册Uni3单元过关演练
　　本套试卷总分120分。考试时间100分钟。
第一部分　阅读(共两节,
满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5
分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Amazing
stories
of
animals
acting
just
like
humans
Horses
are
picky
eaters
Horses
have
an
even
better
sense
of
smell
than
humans
do.
When
horses
raise
their
noses
and
open
their
nostrils
(鼻孔),
their
nervous
system
allows
them
to
sense
smells
we
can’t
sense.
This
might
explain
why
they
refuse
dirty
water
and
carefully
move
around
meadows,
eating
only
the
tastiest
grass,
experts
say.
Whale
says
thanks
In
2011,
a
whale
expert
spotted
a
humpback
whale
trapped
in
a
fishing
net
and
spent
an
hour
freeing
it.
Afterward,
in
an
hour-long
display
of
thanks,
the
whale
swam
near
their
boat
and
leaped
into
the
air
about
40
times.
Pandas
like
to
be
naughty
Is
there
anything
more
lovely
than
a
baby
panda,
except
maybe
a
human
baby?
In
fact,
baby
pandas
sometimes
behave
like
human
babies.
They
sleep
in
the
same
positions
and
value
their
thumbs.
Pandas
are
shy
by
nature
for
its
shy
behaviours
such
as
covering
its
face
with
a
paw
of
ducking
its
head
when
confronted
by
a
stranger.
A
cat
honours
its
owner
Paper
towels,
and
a
plastic
cup
are
just
a
few
of
the
gifts
that
Toldo,
a
devoted
three-year-old
grey-and-white
cat,
has
placed
on
his
former
owner
Iozzelli
Renzo’s
grave
every
day
since
the
man
died
in
September
2011.
Renzo
adopted
Toldo
from
a
shelter
when
the
cat
was
three
months
old,
and
the
two
formed
an
inseparable
bond.
After
Renzo
passed
away,
Toldo
followed
the
coffin
to
the
cemetery,
and
now
“stands
guard”
at
the
grave
for
hours
at
a
time.
(　　)1.
What
can
horses
do
to
pick
the
most
delicious
grass?
A.Feel
it.
B.Smell
it.
C.Observe
it.
D.Taste
it.
(　　)2.
Which
animal
feels
shy
when
facing
strangers?
A.The
whale.
B.The
horse.
C.The
panda.
D.The
cat.
(　　)3.
What
do
the
whale
and
the
cat
have
in
common
according
to
the
passage?
A.They
have
a
grateful
heart.
B.They
are
quite
clever.
C.They
are
active
and
lovely.
D.They
have
a
good
sense
of
smell.
B
Olivia
Ries
was
just
seven
years
old
when
she
and
her
eight-year-old
brother
Carter
adopted
a
cheetah(猎豹)
in
South
Africa.
“When
my
sister
and
I
first
learned
back
in
2009
that
species
like
the
cheetah
may
be
extinct
in
the
wild
by
the
time
we
have
kids,
it
scared
us.
We
knew
we
had
to
do
something
to
help
them,”
says
Carter.
“There
are
so
many
people
(young
and
old
alike)
who
just
don’t
know
what
is
happening
to
so
many
species,
just
like
we
didn’t.
Olivia
and
I
want
to
make
sure
we
reach
as
many
people
around
the
world
as
possible
and
help
them
to
understand
how
serious
the
situation
really
is.”
To
do
that,
the
kids
started
One
More
Generation
(OMG),
an
organization
with
the
motto:
“Preserving
endangered
species
for
one
more
generation
and
beyond.”
Now,
ten
years
later,
Olivia
and
Carter
have
travelled
all
over
the
world
spreading
their
message.
They’ve
been
interviewed
on
national
television,
participated
in
marches
and
fund-raisers
and
won
awards
for
their
work.
In
2015,
they
were
invited
to
Vietnam
by
the
United
States
Embassy
to
participate
in
a
programme
to
save
rhinos.
All
that
they’ve
accomplished
for
animals
and
the
environment
is
much
too
long
to
list!
“Our
number
one
message
to
everyone
we
meet
is
‘Remember,
anyone
can
make
a
difference;
if
we
can,
you
can
too,’”
says
Olivia.
“We
want
all
people
to
understand
that
what
Carter
and
I
are
doing
is
not
necessarily
something
special;
it
is
something
that
we
all
should
be
doing.
You
can
start
small
by
simply
adopting
an
animal.
Do
some
research
on
the
species
you
are
interested
in,
and
find
a
good
organization
offering
adoptions.
My
brother
and
I
take
our
birthday
money
and
allowance
money
and
adopt
animals
all
the
time.”
(　　)4.How
did
Olivia
and
Carter
feel
when
learning
cheetahs
faced
extinction?
A.Angry
and
guilty.
B.Shocked
and
concerned.
C.Anxious
and
helpless.
D.Hopeful
and
determined.
(　　)5.What
does
the
underlined
“that”
refer
to
in
Paragraph
3?
A.Helping
endangered
species
survive.
B.Telling
people
the
situation
cheetahs
face.
C.Making
the
situation
of
dying
species
known.
D.Calling
on
people
to
adopt
endangered
species.
(　　)6.What
does
Paragraph
4
mainly
tell
about
Olivia
and
Carter?
A.They
organized
activities
to
raise
money.
B.They
took
measures
to
save
rhinos.
C.They
made
efforts
to
list
extinct
species.
D.They
contributed
a
lot
to
dying
species.
(　　)7.What
do
Olivia’s
words
suggest?
A.Anyone
can
help
by
starting
small.
B.Anyone
can
do
something
special.
C.Anyone
should
do
research
on
species.
D.Anyone
should
donate
to
adoption
organizations.
C
Over
a
million
children
have
developed
some
form
of
intellectual
disability
over
the
past
two
decades
after
being
exposed
to
chemicals
including
flame
retardants,
pesticides,
lead,
and
mercury,
a
study
has
revealed.
The
study
focused
on
the
four
chemicals,
which
can
be
crossed
from
a
mother
to
her
unborn
baby
through
the
placenta(胎盘)and
cause
neuro-developmental
damage.
The
researchers
looked
at
data
from
past
studies,
including
blood
samples
taken
from
women
of
childbearing
age
and
5-year-olds.
Over
the
period,
flame
retardants,
resulted
in
738,860
cases
of
intellectual
disability
and
an
estimated
162
million
lost
IQ
points,
followed
by
lead
at
330,684
cases,
pesticides
at
111,830,
and
mercury
at
8,860.
In
recent
years,
pesticides
and
flame
retardants
have
overtaken
lead
and
mercury
as
the
chemicals
responsible
for
the
biggest
loss
of
IQ
among
children.
The
researchers
believe
this
is
due
to
regulations
cutting
down
the
use
of
these
chemicals.
For
instance,
lead
has
been
banned
from
gasoline,
paint
and
drinking
water
systems
in
the
US
and
plants
are
not
allowed
to
pump
out
mercury.
The
researchers
acknowledged
limitations
to
their
study,
including
that
the
exposure-response
relationships
might
not
relate
to
all
populations.
Positively,
they
found
a
huge
drop
in
the
estimated
loss
of
IQ
points
among
children.
Lead
researcher
Abigail
Gaylord,
commented:
“Our
findings
suggest
that
our
efforts
to
reduce
exposure
to
heavy
metals
are
paying
off,
but
that
harmful
exposure
in
general
continues
to
represent
a
terrible
risk
to
people’s
physical,
mental,
and
economic
health.
Unfortunately,
the
minimal
policies
in
place
to
remove
pesticides
and
flame
retardants
are
clearly
not
enough,”
she
said.
She
also
added,
“frequently
opening
windows
to
let
persistent
chemicals
found
in
furniture
electronics,
and
carpeting
escape,
and
eating
certified
organic
produce
can
reduce
exposure
to
these
harmful
things.”
(　　)8.
Which
contributes
most
to
the
loss
of
children’s
IQ?
A.Flame
retardants.
B.Pesticides.
C.Lead.
D.Mercury.
(　　)9.
Where
does
the
passage
probably
come
from?
A.A
school
report.
B.Science
fiction.
C.A
scientific
magazine.
D.A
chemistry
book.
(　　)10.
What
is
the
drawback
of
the
research
mentioned?
A.It
has
received
bad
response
from
all
populations.
B.It
has
no
previous
information
to
refer
to.
C.It
covers
only
part
of
the
population.
D.It
is
not
supported
by
government
policies.
(　　)11.
What’s
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
A.Four
chemicals
harming
children
B.Regulations
cutting
down
the
use
of
heavy
metals
C.Environment
risking
people’s
physical
and
mental
health
D.Children
IQ
lowered
by
exposure
to
harmful
chemicals
D
A
recent
study
confirms
that
several
turtle
species(海龟种类)
have
either
greatly
dropped
or
disappeared
from
various
sections
of
the
Australian
Murray
River.
“The
problem
is
that
the
long
life
of
turtles
makes
people
unable
to
sense
the
seriousness
of
the
situation,”
says
Ricky
Spencer,
a
co-author
of
the
study,
which
was
published
in
February
in
Scientific
Reports,
“It’s
human
nature
that
only
when
something
is
gone
do
we
start
missing
it.”
Spencer
and
his
workmates
recorded
the
population
of
three
once
common
turtle
species
at
52
sites
along
the
southern
areas
of
the
river.
The
researchers
inferred
the
species’
population
sizes
from
the
number
of
individuals
they
caught
in
a
given
amount
of
time.
They
found
the
turtles
have
disappeared
in
places
where
they
were
previously
rich,
and
most
of
the
individuals
they
managed
to
catch
elsewhere
were
large—and
likely
old—adults.
Spencer
and
his
workmates
blame
the
losses
on
continuing
nest
predation(捕食)
by
foxes,
accompanied
by
other
problems,
including
a
worse
and
worse
environment
and
serious
drought(干旱)
in
the
2000s.
“We
have
known
about
the
sudden
sharp
drop
of
the
population
of
the
turtles
for
tens
of
years,
and
although
media
have
covered
a
lot
about
the
‘trouble
of
our
rivers’,
nothing
has
been
done,”
says
Rick
Shine
from
Macquarie
University
in
Sydney,
“This
paper
is
a
wake-up
call
that
unless
we
begin
to
do
something
about
turtle
protection,
we
may
lose
an
attractive
part
of
our
native
creatures.”
The
turtles
could
recover
quickly
if
action
is
taken
to
protect
nests
from
foxes
and
bring
back
living
areas,
Spencer
notes.
But
governments
tend
to
respond
only
when
losses
reach
crisis
levels,
and
the
Murray
River
species
currently
lack
the
government’s
protection,
he
says.
He
and
his
workmates
have
a
solution,
however.
“Our
next
step
is
to
start
designing
community
protection
efforts
for
common
turtle
species,”
he
explains,
“so
people
can
actually
do
things
without
having
to
wait
for
the
government’s
support.”
(　　)12.Why
are
people
unaware
that
turtles
are
in
a
very
serious
situation?
A.
The
government
hasn’t
taken
action.
B.
They
know
turtles
have
a
long
life.
C.
Old
turtles
still
have
a
large
population.
D.
Media
haven’t
done
any
report
about
it.
(　　)13.What
is
the
greatest
challenge
for
turtles
according
to
Spencer’s
team?
A.
Foxes
catch
and
feed
on
them.
B.
The
environment
is
getting
worse.
C.
The
climate
is
extremely
dry.
D.
Human
beings
kill
them
in
quantity.
(　　)14.Which
of
the
following
does
Rick
Shine
agree
with?
A.
Media
have
already
done
their
best.
B.
The
study
gives
people
a
warning.
C.
Turtles
are
sure
to
disappear
soon.
D.
Turtle
protection
is
a
long
process.
(　　)15.What
do
we
know
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.
It’s
not
possible
that
turtles
can
avoid
disappearing.
B.
The
government
is
taking
action
against
the
crisis.
C.
Community
protection
efforts
to
protect
turtles
will
start
soon.
D.
People
have
to
wait
for
the
government’s
support.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Leading
a
sustainable
(可持续的)
lifestyle
doesn’t
require
you
to
have
to
make
great
changes
to
your
home,
and
this
kind
of
transformation
doesn’t
have
to
be
an
exhausting
exercise.
16.　　　　
Here
are
three
of
them.?
17.　　　　
By
using
solar
energy,
you
will
make
your
home
far
more
sustainable.
So
long
as
there
is
sun
in
the
sky,
the
solar
panels
on
the
top
of
your
house
will
catch
the
rays
and
then
harvest
them
into
electricity.?
Make
changes
to
your
water
drinking
habits.
Have
you
ever
thought
about
how
many
single-use
plastic
bottles
you
use
a
year?
If
you
should
ever
perform
such
a
count,
you’d
find
yourself
well
into
three-figures,
or
maybe
even
four.
18.　　　　
To
be
truly
sustainable,
you’ve
to
change
your
water
drinking
habits.?
19.　　　　
More
often
than
not,
these
types
of
straws
are
used
only
once
before
being
got
rid
of
and
taking
up
valuable
landfill
space.?
Reduce
your
transport
emission
(排放).
If
you
want
to
be
a
more
sustainable
traveller,
you
should
seek
to
reduce
the
carbon
emissions
you
produce
by
avoiding
driving.
Of
course,
avoiding
motor
vehicles
entirely
isn’t
always
going
to
be
a
practical
choice
for
you.
There’re,
however,
still
things
you
can
do
to
be
more
sustainable.
20.　　　?
You
have
the
power
to
make
a
sustainable
change
to
your
lifestyle—take
the
above
advice
and
don’t
waste
it.
A.
Turn
to
solar
energy.
B.Avoid
wasting
valuable
resources.
C.The
best
thing
you
can
do
is
cycle,
walk,
or
run.
D.Two
choices
you
have
are
sharing
cars
and
taking
public
transport.
E.There’re
many
easy
and
simple
things
you
can
do
to
be
more
sustainable.
F.Another
change
you
can
make
in
this
instance
is
to
stop
using
plastic
straws.
G.Drinking
water
like
this
might
be
quick,
easy
and
convenient,
but
it’s
not
sustainable.
第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last
year,
I
received
a
special
present.
My
children
　21　
me
a
stainless
steel
coffee
machine
for
my
birthday.
I
love
drinking
coffee
every
morning
and
couldn’t
　22　
to
use
it.
But
　23　
I
poured
my
first
cup,
the
coffee
spilled
(洒出)
all
over
the
table.
Thankfully,
no
one
was
around
to
see
my
　24　
face!
I
kept
trying,
but
each
morning
I
　25　
be
seen
wiping
up
the
coffee.
Then
I
realized
if
I
poured
very
　26　,
there
could
be
no
spilling.
My
normal
　27　
was
to
rush
through
breakfast
to
get
on
with
my
day.
But
eventually
I
learned
not
only
to
pour
but
to
　28　
the
experience:
the
taste
and
the
stillness
of
a
new
day.?
It
promoted
me
to
　29　
upon
whether
I
was
rushing
through
in
other
areas
of
my
life.
So
I
started
to
appreciate
even
the
most
　30　
moments.
When
shop
owners
apologized
for
keeping
me
waiting,
I’d
say,
“Not
a
problem.
I’m
not
　31　.”
I
even
enjoyed
sitting
in
front
of
my
house
talking
with
　32　
and
sharing
our
own
stories,
　33　
we
had
known
each
other
for
a
long
time.
It
seemed
that
the
world
around
us
slowed
to
a
　34　
we
could
handle.?
Stillness
not
only
slows
the
pace
of
life,
but
also
　35　
the
soul,
helping
us
to
enjoy
the
world’s
small
pleasures
and
realize
the
truth
of
life.?
(　　)21.A.lent
B.offered
C.gifted
D.asked
(　　)22.A.help
B.wait
C.know
D.complain
(　　)23.A.since
B.before
C.as
D.until
(　　)24.A.disappointed
B.delightful
C.amused
D.astonished
(　　)25.A.would
B.should
C.must
D.need
(　　)26.A.quickly
B.casually
C.slowly
D.patiently
(　　)27.A.promise
B.practice
C.tradition
D.standard
(　　)28.A.possess
B.clarify
C.realize
D.enjoy
(　　)29.A.reflect
B.decide
C.react
D.respond
(　　)30.A.difficult
B.ordinary
C.special
D.awkward
(　　)31.A.in
difficulty
B.in
trouble
C.in
a
hurry
D.in
danger
(　　)32.A.colleagues
B.friends
C.relatives
D.strangers
(　　)33.A.only
if
B.as
if
C.if
only
D.if
ever
(　　)34.A.pace
B.stage
C.point
D.occasion
(　　)35.A.explains
B.inspects
C.blesses
D.feeds
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lions,tigers
and
other
animals
are
staying
awake
at
night
36.　　　　(avoid)
human
beings,a
new
study
finds.?
Scientists
have
known
that
human
activities
can
lead
to
changes
in
nature.Many
animals
may
move
around
less
or
travel
to
far
places
to
keep
away
37.　　　　people.By
being
awake
at
night,animals
can
also
be
on
guard
against
possible
enemies
and
spend
less
time
38.　　　　(look)for
food.?
The
latest
research
found
even
activities
like
farming
and
camping
can
39.　　　　(fright)
animals
and
cause
them
to
become
more
active
at
night.
40.　　　　had
been
studied
were
lions
in
Tanzania,tigers
in
Nepal
and
monkeys
in
Brazil.Researchers
compared
41.　　　　(careful)
how
much
time
those
animals
were
active
at
night
in
areas
of
human
activities,such
as
hunting
and
farming.
42.　　　　was
human
activities
that
caused
an
increase
of
about
20
per
cent
in
night
time
activities,even
in
creatures
that
usually
sleep
at
night.Results
43.　　　　(publish)in
the
journal
Science
two
months
ago.?
The
new
findings
are
44.　　　　(usual)because
no
one
else
has
looked
at
it
in
such
detail
before
ecologist
Marlee
Tucker
was
45.　　　　(surprise)that
any
kind
of
human
activity
is
enough
for
animals
to
see
people
as
a
threat.?
第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
为了让大家更多地了解野生动物,提高濒危动物保护意识,你校英语俱乐部于近期组织会员们参观了你市北郊的野生动物园。假如你是俱乐部成员兼校英语网站记者,请你写一篇英语短文报道此次活动。内容包括:
1.活动的时间和过程;
2.简要评论;
3.词数80左右,报道的标题已给出,但不计入总词数。
English
Club
explored
the
Wildlife
Park
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
One
morning,
Ann’s
neighbour
Tracy
found
a
lost
dog
wandering
around
the
local
elementary
school.
It
was
a
beautiful
dog,
which
attracted
Tracy
a
lot.
So
Tracy
thought
the
owner
of
the
dog
must
have
been
worried
about
it
and
looked
for
it
around.
She
was
a
warm-hearted
woman,
so
she
decided
to
help
the
lost
dog.
In
no
time,
she
asked
Ann
if
she
could
keep
an
eye
on
the
dog.
Ann
said
that
she
could
watch
it
only
for
the
day.
Tracy
took
photos
of
the
dog
and
printed
off
400
FOUND
flyers
(传单),
and
put
them
in
mailboxes.
Meanwhile,
Ann
went
to
the
dollar
store
and
bought
some
pet
supplies,
warning
her
two
sons
not
to
fall
in
love
with
the
dog.
At
the
time,
Ann’s
son
Thomas
was
10
years
old,
and
Jack,
who
was
recovering
from
a
heart
operation,
was
21
years
old.
Four
days
later
Ann
was
still
looking
after
the
dog,
which
they
had
started
to
call
Riley.
They
began
to
love
the
dog,
which
was
so
clever
and
cute
that
every
member
of
the
family
loved
it.
One
day,
when
Ann
arrived
home
from
work,
the
dog
threw
itself
against
the
screen
door
and
barked
madly
at
her.
As
soon
as
she
opened
the
door,
Riley
dashed
into
the
boys’
room
where
Ann
found
Jack
suffering
from
a
heart
attack.
Riley
ran
over
to
Jack,
but
as
soon
as
Ann
bent
over
to
help
him
the
dog
went
silent.
“If
it
hadn’t
come
to
get
me,
the
doctor
said
Jack
would
have
died,”
Ann
reported
to
a
local
newspaper.
At
this
point,
no
one
had
called
to
claim
the
dog,
so
Ann
decided
to
keep
it.
Paragraph
1:
However,
the
next
morning
Tracy
got
a
call.
_______________________
_______________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
Peter
drove
to
Ann’s
house
to
pick
up
his
dog,_______________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分
第一节
A
【文章大意】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了与人类行为相似的一些动物。
1.B　细节理解题。由Horses
are
picky
eaters中的“…their
nervous
system
allows
them
to
sense
smells
we
can’t
sense.
This
might
explain
why
they
refuse
dirty
water
and
carefully
move
around
meadows,
eating
only
the
tastiest
grass…”可知,它们的神经系统能让它们感觉到我们人类感觉不到的气味。这或许可以解释它们为什么拒绝饮用脏水,在草地上小心翼翼地走动,只吃最美味的草。所以马是靠嗅觉来挑选最美味的草。故选B。
2.C　细节理解题。由Pandas
like
to
be
naughty中的“Pandas
are
shy
by
nature
for
its
shy
behaviours
such
as
covering
its
face
with
a
paw
of
ducking
its
head
when
confronted
by
a
stranger.”可知,熊猫天生害羞,它们有害羞的动作,比如在遇到陌生人时,用爪子遮住脸,低着头。所以熊猫遇到陌生人时会害羞。故选C。
3.A　推理判断题。由Whale
says
thanks中的“Afterward,
in
an
hour-long
display
of
thanks,
the
whale
swam
near
their
boat
and
leaped
into
the
air
about
40
times.”和A
cat
honours
its
owner中的“…a
devoted
three-year-old
grey-and-white
cat,
has
placed
on
his
former
owner
Iozzelli
Renzo’s
grave
every
day
since
the
man
died
in
September
2011.”可知,鲸鱼和猫的共同特点是它们都有一颗感恩的心。故选A。
B
【文章大意】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了兄妹俩在了解到猎豹可能会灭绝的事实后,通过自己的方式成立组织来号召人们关心濒危动物,鼓励他们从小事做起,来帮助濒危动物。他们相信任何人都可以为濒危动物出一份力。
4.B　细节理解题。根据第二段的“‘When
my
sister
and
I
first
learned
back
in
2009
that
species
like
the
cheetah
may
be
extinct
in
the
wild
by
the
time
we
have
kids,
it
scared
us.’”和“‘Olivia
and
I
want
to
make
sure
we
reach
as
many
people
around
the
world
as
possible
and
help
them
to
understand
how
serious
the
situation
really
is.’”可知,当Olivia和Carter知道猎豹可能会灭绝时他们很震惊,也很担心,想要尽自己的力量来帮助它们。shocked
and
concerned(震惊和担心)符合以上说法,故选B。
5.C　词义猜测题。根据第二和第三段可知,Olivia和她的哥哥想让世界上尽可能多的人知道濒危动物现在的处境相当糟糕。为了做到这一点,这两个孩子成立了一个名叫One
More
Generation的组织。结合句意可知,画线词是指代上文提到的“让世界上尽可能多的人明白濒危动物现在的处境相当糟糕”。故选C。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第四段的主要内容,尤其是“All
that
they’ve
accomplished
for
animals
and
the
environment
is
much
too
long
to
list!”可知,本段主要讲述了Olivia和Carter为濒危动物和环境做了很多事情。故选D。
7.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘Our
number
one
message
to
everyone
we
meet
is
“Remember,
anyone
can
make
a
difference;if
we
can,
you
can
too”…’”和“You
can
start
small
by
simply
adopting
an
animal.”可推测,Olivia的话表明了任何人都可以从小事做起来帮助濒危动物。故选A。
C
【文章大意】
本文是一篇说明文,介绍了有研究发现接触有害化学物质会导致儿童的智商下降。
8.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Over
the
period,
flame
retardants,
resulted
in
738,860
cases
of
intellectual
disability
and
an
estimated
162
million
lost
IQ
points,
followed
by
lead
at
330,684
cases,
pesticides
at
111,830,
and
mercury
at
8,860.”可知,在此期间,阻燃剂导致73
8860例(儿童)智力障碍,约1.62亿(儿童)智商下降,其次是铅导致33
0684例(儿童)智力障碍,农药导致11
1830例(儿童)智力障碍,汞导致8860例(儿童)智力障碍,由此可知,阻燃剂是导致儿童智商下降最严重的化学物质,故选A。
9.C　推理判断题。通读全文特别是根据第一段内容可知,本文主要介绍的是有研究发现接触阻燃剂、杀虫剂、铅和汞等化学物质会导致儿童智力下降,这属于科学范畴,因此文章最有可能来自科学杂志,故选C。
10.C　细节理解题。根据第五段中“The
researchers
acknowledged
limitations
to
their
study,
including
that
the
exposure-response
relationships
might
not
relate
to
all
populations.”可知,研究人员承认他们的研究存在局限性,包括这种暴露与反应的关系可能并不适用于所有人群,由此可知,这项研究的缺点是它只涵盖了部分人群,故选C。
11.D　主旨大意题。通读全文,特别是根据第一段内容可知,一项研究显示,在过去20年里,超过100万儿童在接触了阻燃剂、杀虫剂、铅和汞等化学物质后出现了某种形式的智力障碍,因此文章主要介绍的是有研究发现接触阻燃剂、杀虫剂、铅和汞等化学物质会导致儿童智力下降,故选D。
D
【文章大意】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于海龟寿命很长,人们对于海龟面临灭绝这件事没有给予重视。以斯宾塞为首的科研团队正在努力保护它们,他们发表论文作为警告,他们认为保护海龟还需要政府和社区的努力。
12.B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“‘The
problem
is
that
the
long
life
of
turtles
makes
people
unable
to
sense
the
seriousness
of
the
situation,’…(问题是海龟的长寿使人们无法意识到问题的严重性……)”可知,对于海龟寿命长的认知使人类没有意识到海龟正处于危险时期。故选B项。
13.A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Spencer
and
his
workmates
blame
the
losses
on
continuing
nest
predation(捕食)
by
foxes,
accompanied
by
other
problems,
including
a
worse
and
worse
environment
and
serious
drought(干旱)
in
the
2000s.
(斯宾塞和他的同事们将海龟的消失归咎于狐狸对海龟巢穴的持续捕食,以及其他问题,包括2000年以来越来越糟糕的环境和严重的干旱)”可知,海龟面临的最大危机是狐狸对它们的捕食。故选A项。
14.B　推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“‘This
paper
is
a
wake-up
call
that
unless
we
begin
to
do
something
about
turtle
protection,
we
may
lose
an
attractive
part
of
our
native
creatures.’(这篇论文敲响了警钟,除非我们开始采取措施保护海龟,否则我们可能会失去本土生物中一个有吸引力的部分)”可知,
Rick
Shine认为这是一个警钟。故选B项。
15.C　细节理解题。根据文章末段内容“‘Our
next
step
is
to
start
designing
community
protection
efforts
for
common
turtle
species,’he
explains,
‘so
people
can
actually
do
things
without
having
to
wait
for
the
government’s
support.’(‘我们的下一步是要开始为普通的海龟物种设计社区保护措施,’他解释说,‘这样人们就可以不需要等待政府的支持来做事情了’)”可知,社区下一步有可能采取措施保护海龟。C项“Community
protection
efforts
to
protect
turtles
will
start
soon.(
社区保护海龟的工作将很快开始。)”论述正确。故选C项。
第二节
【文章大意】
本文就在生活中如何做到可持续发展提出了几条建议。
16.E　第一段为一个概括段落,上文说这种改变不一定是令人疲惫的活动,由此可知做一些简单容易的事情就有助于可持续发展,故选E。
17.A　根据空格后的“By
using
solar
energy,
you
will
make
your
home
far
more
sustainable.”以及该空格所在位置为段首可知A项能概括本段段意,故选A项。
18.G　该段主要谈到改变喝水的习惯,上文提到如果你做这样的计算,你会发现一年中使用的一次性塑料瓶的数量达到了三位数,所以空格处的内容是,这样喝水可能快捷方便,可是这不是可持续发展的做法,故选G。
19.F　根据下文“…these
types
of
straws…”可知,此处是提出不要使用塑料吸管,故选F。
20.D　该部分谈到的是交通方面的可持续发展的做法,D项指出,你可以拼车,你还可以乘坐公共交通工具,故D项符合题意。
第二部分
第一节
【文章大意】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的孩子给作者送了一台咖啡机,做咖啡的经历使作者领悟到要减慢生活的节奏,这样可以滋养我们的灵魂,帮助我们享受世界上的小乐趣,认识到生活的真谛。
21.C　根据上文“Last
year,
I
received
a
special
present.”可知,咖啡机是孩子们送给“我”的。此处gift为动词,意为“赠送”。
22.B　作者喜欢每天早上喝咖啡,因此是迫不及待想用。can’t
wait
to
do
sth意为“迫不及待做某事”。故选B。
23.C　根据语境可知,当“我”第一次倒咖啡时,咖啡洒了一桌子,此处需用as引导时间状语从句。
24.A　根据上文“…the
coffee
spilled
(洒出)
all
over
the
table.”可知,咖啡洒在桌子上,“我”应该是失望的(disappointed)。
25.A　结合上下文可知,“我”一直尽力不把咖啡洒出来,但每天早上还是会看到“我”在擦(桌子上的)咖啡。此处用would表示过去经常发生的事情。
26.C　根据下文“My
normal…was
to
rush
through
breakfast
to
get
on
with
my
day.”可知,作者早上总是很匆忙,导致咖啡洒了出来,因此此处是指作者意识到慢慢(slowly)倒就不会洒了。故选C。
27.B　作者做事很着急,他通常的做法是匆匆吃完早餐,开始新的一天。practice意为“惯例”。
28.D　但最终“我”不仅学会了倒咖啡,还学会了享受(enjoy)新的一天的味道和安静。
29.A　这件事促使“我”反思,“我”是否在生活的其他领域中也匆忙行事。
reflect
upon意为“思考,深思”。
30.B　所以“我”开始去欣赏生活中那些最平凡的时刻。ordinary意为“普通的,平凡的”。
31.C　根据上文语境可知,作者学会了让自己慢下来,此处是举例,当店主为让“我”久等而道歉时,“我”会说,没问题,“我”不赶时间(in
a
hurry)。
32.D　根据句意和句中“…we
had
known
each
other
for
a
long
time.”可知,“我”甚至喜欢坐在房子前面和陌生人(stranger)聊天,分享我们自己的故事,就好像我们已经认识很长时间了。
33.B　根据对语境的理解可知,此处是指“我”和陌生人交谈,就像是认识很久了一样,后面用了虚拟语气,故此处用as
if最符合语境。
34.A　根据下文“Stillness
not
only
slows
the
pace
of
life…”可知,我们周围的世界的节奏慢了下来。
35.D　静止不仅减慢了生活的节奏,也滋养了(feed)我们的灵魂,帮助我们享受世界上的小乐趣,认识生命的真谛。
第二节
【文章大意】
本文是一项关于动物的最新的研究报道。狮子、老虎和其他动物在夜间保持清醒,以躲避人类。最新的研究发现,即使是像耕作和露营这样的活动也能吓到动物,让它们在夜间变得更加活跃。
36.to
avoid　考查非谓语动词。狮子、老虎和其他动物在夜间保持清醒,以躲避人类。分析句子可知此处是动词不定式作目的状语,故填to
avoid。
37.from　考查介词。许多动物可能会更少地移动,或者到很远的地方,远离人群。keep
away
from意为“远离,回避”,故填from。
38.looking　考查非谓语动词。spend
time
doing
sth表示花费时间做某事,故填looking。
39.frighten　考查词形转换。最新的研究发现,即使是像耕作和露营这样的活动也能吓到动物,让它们在夜间变得更加活跃。情态动词后面跟动词原形,frighten为动词,意为“使惊吓”。
40.What　考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,句子没有主语,故此处为主语从句,主语从句中缺少主语,故填What。
41.carefully　考查副词。此处compare是动词,需用副词修饰动词,故填carefully。
42.It　考查强调句。正是由于人类活动导致动物的夜间活动增加了大约20%,即使是夜间睡觉的生物也是如此。此处为强调句,设空处位于句首,故填It。
43.were
published　考查动词的时态和语态。(研究)结果发表在两个月前的《科学》杂志上。two
months
ago表示事情发生在过去且句子主语results和publish之间是被动关系,所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态,故填were
published。
44.unusual　考查词形转换。这些新发现是不同寻常的,因为在生态学家Marlee
Tucker惊讶地发现任何人类活动都足以让动物把人视为威胁以前,没有其他的人这样详细地研究过这件事。结合句意可知需用usual的否定词unusual。
45.surprised　考查词形转换。before后为一个状语从句,状语从句的主语为ecologist
Marlee
Tucker,句中指这位生态学家惊讶地发现……,故填surprised。
第三部分
第一节
One
possible
version:
English
Club
explored
the
Wildlife
Park
On
Dec.16th,
our
school
English
Club
organized
a
visit
to
the
Wildlife
Park
located
in
the
northern
suburb
of
our
city,
for
all
its
members.
First
we
visited
the
indoor
exhibition,
where
we
saw
many
colourful
pictures
of
different
kinds
of
butterflies,
dinosaur
fossils
and
other
wild
animals.
Then
we
entered
the
outdoor
area
by
bus
to
see
the
wild
animals,
such
as
lions
and
tigers.
For
most
students,
it
was
the
first
time
they
had
seen
animals
in
the
open
air
so
closely.
It
was
really
exciting.
Through
this
activity,
we
learned
more
about
wild
animals
and
our
awareness
of
protecting
the
endangered
animals
was
improved.
第二节
One
possible
version:
However,
the
next
morning
Tracy
got
a
call.
A
man
named
Peter
had
seen
the
flyer
and
recognized
his
lost
dog.
So
he
called
the
number
on
the
flyer.
Hearing
this,
Tracy
started
crying,
and
told
him,
“My
friend’s
son
had
a
heart
operation
not
long
ago,
and
one
day,
he
suffered
a
heart
attack.
It
was
the
dog
that
saved
my
friend’s
son.”
Peter
drove
to
Ann’s
house
to
pick
up
his
dog,
but
saw
Thomas
and
Jack
crying
in
the
window.
The
dog
was
very
happy
to
see
his
owner
again
and
dashed
to
him
in
no
time.
After
a
few
moments,
Peter
said,
“Maybe
Odie
was
supposed
to
find
you;maybe
you
should
keep
it.
And
I
can
come
to
see
him
at
times.”
Hearing
this,
everybody
was
wild
with
joy,
and
the
dog
wagged
his
tail,
too.